第一篇:C語言知識點總結(jié)(正式版)
C語言知識點總結(jié)
C語言知識點總結(jié)............................................................................................................1一、二、三、四、五、六、七、八、常量....................................................................................................................2 標識符.................................................................................................................2 變量....................................................................................................................2 表達式.................................................................................................................3 輸入輸出函數(shù)......................................................................................................4 C語言的語句.......................................................................................................5 C程序的基本結(jié)構(gòu)................................................................................................5 選擇結(jié)構(gòu)語句......................................................................................................5 ? if(表達式)語句1 else 語句2.............................................................................5 ? 條件運算符 表達式1? 表達式2 : 表達式3.......................................................6 ? switch語句........................................................................................................6
九、循環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu).............................................................................................................6 ? for循環(huán)語句......................................................................................................6 ? while循環(huán)語句 do while循環(huán)語句.....................................................................6
十、數(shù)組....................................................................................................................7
十一、字符串函數(shù)..........................................................................................................7
十二、函數(shù)....................................................................................................................8
十三、指針....................................................................................................................9
十四、宏定義...............................................................................................................10
十五、結(jié)構(gòu)體,共用體,枚舉類型...............................................................................10
十六、Turbo C的使用..................................................................................................12 1
一、常量
? 數(shù)字常量
i.普通數(shù)字:1,35,2.7 ii.指數(shù)形式:2.45e-2等價于2.45*10-2 注意e大小寫皆可,e前面的數(shù)字不能省,就算是1也不能省,后面的數(shù)字一定要是整數(shù)
iii.長整型,單精度浮點型:3235L,32.5F 分別表示3235是長整型數(shù)據(jù),32.5是單精度浮點型左,若不寫上L,F(xiàn)則表示3235是整型,32.5是雙精度浮點型,L,F(xiàn)大小寫皆可
? 字符常量
i.普通字符常量:用單引號把一個字符括起來,如?A?,?@?
ii.轉(zhuǎn)義字符常量:一對單引號括起來并以“”開頭的字符序列,如?n?(回車)、?123?(8進制123對應的字符), ?x23?(16進制23對應的字符)? 字符串常量
用一對雙引號把一個字符序列括起來,如“ABCef”,系統(tǒng)存放字符串常量,每個字符分配一個字節(jié),各字符所占字節(jié)緊鄰,并且字符串末尾會給再開一個字節(jié)里面放一個’