第一篇:英文文章閱讀技巧
淺談?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)文章閱讀
學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)從來(lái)不是一件容易的事。很多學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的朋友,單詞背了不少,口語(yǔ)也花了不少時(shí)間練習(xí),但英語(yǔ)水平總是沒(méi)有大的提高。一個(gè)很重要的原因就是——“閱讀”的重要性被忽略了。通常,要熟練使用英語(yǔ),每年至少要保證有200萬(wàn)字的輸入(閱讀)和4萬(wàn)字的輸出(寫(xiě)作)。
參考:好的英語(yǔ)是“讀”出來(lái)的一、閱讀英文文章的技巧
1、擴(kuò)大閱讀視野
所謂閱讀視野是指眼睛在“凝視”的瞬間所能接收或覆蓋的印刷符號(hào)。普通讀者眼睛停頓時(shí)可接收兩個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞,閱讀能力強(qiáng)的讀者一眼可以看四個(gè)左右的單詞,但能力差的讀者一眼只能接收一個(gè)或者不到一個(gè)的單詞。因此,在相等的閱讀時(shí)間里,視野狹窄的讀者所看到的單詞要少得多,如果再經(jīng)常復(fù)視,讀速肯定快不了。
我們閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)該特別注意詞的整體性,要把注意力放在句子中較大的單位上,而不要放在一個(gè)個(gè)孤立的單詞上。例如,下面的句子可以分成三個(gè)詞群,Most paragraphs/ have a topic sentence/ which expresses the central idea.我們不妨將它們作為三個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立的整體看待,閱讀時(shí),眼睛只要停頓三次而不是十次。
2、用英語(yǔ)思考
在閱讀時(shí),不必把英文翻譯成中文,否則將大大地降低閱讀速度,從而影響對(duì)閱讀材料的全面理解。
3、注意預(yù)讀
預(yù)讀是每個(gè)讀者必須掌握的一項(xiàng)基本閱讀技巧。在我們正式閱讀一本書(shū)之前,首先應(yīng)該通過(guò)預(yù)讀粗略地估計(jì)一下該書(shū)寫(xiě)的是什么內(nèi)容。書(shū)籍預(yù)讀主要包括以下七個(gè)方面(1)思考標(biāo)題的含義(2)速讀作者姓名與書(shū)籍出版日期(3)看看封面或書(shū)中的照片或插圖(4)速讀目錄內(nèi)容(5)瀏覽索引或附錄(6)速讀作者簡(jiǎn)介以及前言(7)瀏覽書(shū)尾的參考書(shū)目。
短篇文章預(yù)讀要相對(duì)地簡(jiǎn)單一些。它主要包括閱讀標(biāo)題、作者姓名以及照片和插圖。有些讀者不知道預(yù)讀的重要性,或者覺(jué)得它是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。特別是在做閱讀與理解測(cè)試題時(shí),時(shí)間一緊,他們就忽略預(yù)讀,捧起文章就埋頭看正文。由于跳過(guò)了預(yù)讀這一重要環(huán)節(jié),他們的閱讀在相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)是在盲目的探索中進(jìn)行的。
4、增強(qiáng)猜詞能力
看文章經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到一些生詞。這時(shí),我們不要急于查詞典,許多生詞的意義都可以猜出來(lái)。查詞典不但會(huì)減慢讀速,而且會(huì)打斷讀者的思路,降低閱讀效率。猜詞義的方法多種多樣。最常用的是根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)生詞的含義。另外我們還可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法(如前綴、后攝),同義詞、反義詞等揣摸某些生詞的意思。當(dāng)然,有不少生詞(特別是一些抽象名詞)的意思是很難猜出來(lái)的。如果它們對(duì)理解文章內(nèi)容無(wú)多大妨礙,我們完全可以跳過(guò)它,不要把精力過(guò)分地放在猜詞義上。只見(jiàn)樹(shù)木而不見(jiàn)樹(shù)林的閱讀方法是不可取的。
第二篇:英文文章
Explore Nanjing, host of 2014
Youth Olympics
The 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing are only a few days away.As the world tunes in to the international event, the host city has a chance to highlight its unique charm and fascinating history.Nanjing, capital of East China's Jiangsu province, does not see the flow of international travelers that Beijing and Shanghai do.With a blend of the modern and traditional, Nanjing has a proud history of being “the ancient capital of six dynasties”.Royal summer retreats of Chinese emperorsTaking a summer escape away from hot and stuffy air is not a modern idea.At a time when air conditioning and the refrigerator were not even a summer dream, traveling to a place for milder weather and cooler water seemed more important to people, including for the emperors.Like clockwork, many emperors would stay at a summer resort with their concubines and ministers during the hottest months each year.Here we take a look at some of the summer resorts lived by the royal families, which now can be enjoyed by ordinary people.Boeing 787 to serve Xiamen Air A Boeing 787, the first of its kind for Xiamen Air, will land at Xiamen Airport in Fujian province on Aug 31 after completing its first test flight on Aug 12 in Seattle, US.The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is the first mid-sized long-range airliner in aircraft history.As Xiamen Air’s first wide-bodied aircraft, the Boeing 787 can fly 14,232 kilometers and enable Xiamen Air to open more non-stop air routes.Xiamen Air has ordered six Boeing 787 planes.The second one will be delivered in October and the other four are scheduled for delivery next year.Xiamen Air is the third airline company in China to introduce the Boeing 787, following China Southern and Hainan airlines.Xiamen Air currently has 106 planes.The new Boeing 787 will initially be used for domestic flights and later serve international routes, as the airline hopes to expand its international service.The new plane will first fly between Fuzhou and Beijing in September, and then fly to North America and Europe after approval.
第三篇:外企英文面試技巧文章
缺職信只要包括三點(diǎn):
1)說(shuō)明信函目的,表明自己對(duì)該公司的興趣。
2)文章的主體部分,要介紹自己的技能、成就、經(jīng)驗(yàn)等,文字簡(jiǎn)練,態(tài)度積極,也可以就該公司的某個(gè)方面進(jìn)行闡述,表達(dá)自己的見(jiàn)解,引起對(duì)方的興趣。
3)要懇求能夠給予面對(duì)面討論以及面試職位的機(jī)會(huì),表達(dá)自己的感謝和期望,切記要留下自己的聯(lián)系方式。
下面給大家呈現(xiàn)兩則求職信,供參考。
缺職信
(一)(適合應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生)
Dear Ms.Zhang,I am a graduate student at Minzu University of China.I am majoring in corporate management.I am very interested in your company,and your corporate culture attracts me a lot.(介紹自己來(lái)自哪個(gè)學(xué)校、什么專業(yè),表明對(duì)公司強(qiáng)烈興趣)
Therefore, I have searched for information about your company.I am going to graduate soon and would like to ask if your company has any vacancies.I really hope to work for your company.(詢問(wèn)該公司是否有職位空缺)
My research at university is mainly about the operation and management of small and medium-sized companies.I have participated in many small and medium-sized corporate forums and have competedin a variety of related competitions, and I have received many awards.(介紹自己的成就、經(jīng)驗(yàn)和獲得的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))I had a short-term summer internship in your company.During the internship, I accumulated a lot of experience and knowledge.I think I am very suitable for your company and hope you can provideme with an employment opportunity.(介紹實(shí)
習(xí)方面的經(jīng)歷)
I am looking forward to your reply and hope to get a job interview.If it is convenient for you, please contact me, my phone number is 2222-1111.(請(qǐng)求給予面試機(jī)會(huì)并留下自己的聯(lián)系方式。)
Yours sincerely,Serena Wei
第四篇:一些英文文章寫(xiě)作的技巧總結(jié)zz
一定要注意絕對(duì)不能全面否定前人的成果,即使在你看來(lái)前人的結(jié)論完全不對(duì)。這是前人工作最起碼的尊重,英文叫做給別人的工作credits.所以文章不要出現(xiàn)非常negative的評(píng)價(jià),比如Their resultsare wrong, very questionable, have no commensence, etc.遇到這類情況,可以婉轉(zhuǎn)地提出:Their studies may be more reasonable if they hadconsidered this situation.Their results could be better convinced if they...Or Their conclusion may remain some uncertanties.討論部份還包括什么內(nèi)容?1.主要數(shù)據(jù)特征的總結(jié)2.主要結(jié)論以及與前人觀點(diǎn)的對(duì)比3.本文的不足第三點(diǎn),在一般作者看來(lái)不可取。事實(shí)上給出文章的不足恰恰是保護(hù)自己文章的重要手段。如果刻意隱藏文章的漏洞,覺(jué)得別人看不出來(lái),是非常不明智的。所謂不足,包括以下內(nèi)容:1.研究的問(wèn)題有點(diǎn)片面 討論時(shí)一定要說(shuō),It should be noted that this study has examined only..We concentrate(focus)on only...We have to point out that we do not..Some limitations of this study are...2.結(jié)論有些不足The results do not imply,The results can not be used to determine be taken as evidence of Unfortunately, we can not determien this from this dataOur results are lack of...但是,在指出這些不足之后,隨后一定要再一次加強(qiáng)本文的重要性以及可能采取的手段來(lái)解決這些不足,為別人或者自己的下一步研究打下浮筆。Notwithstading its limitation, this tudy does suggest..However, these problems culd be solved if we consdierDespite its preliminary character, this study can clearly indicate..用中文來(lái)說(shuō),這一部份是左右逢源。把審稿人想到的問(wèn)題提前給一個(gè)交代,同時(shí)表明你已經(jīng)在思考這些問(wèn)題,但是由于文章長(zhǎng)度,試驗(yàn)進(jìn)度或者試驗(yàn)手段的制約,暫時(shí)不能回答這些問(wèn)題。但是,這些通過(guò)你的一些建議,這些問(wèn)題在將來(lái)的研究中游可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。
第五篇:[英文][英語(yǔ)]讀英語(yǔ)科技文章的技能和技巧
當(dāng)代科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展迅速,每天有大量的英語(yǔ)科技文章、新聞及其他科技資料發(fā)表在各類報(bào)刊和網(wǎng)絡(luò)上,要想把這些英語(yǔ)科技文獻(xiàn)資料都及時(shí)翻譯成中文是不可能的。如果想要及時(shí)掌握最新的科技信息,把握住現(xiàn)代科技發(fā)展的脈搏,最好的解決辦法是自己直接閱讀英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)資料,獲得第一手信息。只要有較好英語(yǔ)的基礎(chǔ),再掌握英語(yǔ)閱讀的技巧,做到這一點(diǎn)並非很難。
閱讀技能是學(xué)習(xí)任何語(yǔ)言的基本技能之一。語(yǔ)言技能有四種,即聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀和寫(xiě),其中說(shuō)和寫(xiě)的技能屬於主動(dòng)性技能,比較難掌握,而聽(tīng)和讀的技能屬於被動(dòng)性技能,比較容易掌握。閱讀技能相對(duì)來(lái)講是最容易掌握的技能。為什麼閱讀技能會(huì)比較容易掌握,因?yàn)槿藗冊(cè)陂喿x時(shí),可以自己控制閱讀速度,可以查閱字典,壓力較少,因此比較容易達(dá)到人們的閱讀目的。本文將以一些閱讀實(shí)例,來(lái)討論英語(yǔ)閱讀技能和技巧,及其掌握學(xué)習(xí)的方法。
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言教學(xué)和研究人員對(duì)英語(yǔ)閱讀技能和技巧的分類有所不同,但基本上可分為四種。第一種是精讀(intensive reading skill);第二種是泛讀(extensive reading skill);第三種是略讀(skimming reading skill);第四種是掠讀(scanning reading skill);每種閱讀技能和技巧都有其特點(diǎn)和要求,下面分別對(duì)這四種閱讀技能和技巧做一些介紹。
精讀技能
精讀(Intensive Reading)在四種閱讀技能和技巧中要求最高,對(duì)所閱讀的文章,要做到逐字細(xì)讀,不但要了解文章的主題思想和內(nèi)容,了解文章的文法結(jié)構(gòu),而且要掌握每個(gè)字詞的意義和用法,必要時(shí)還需要把文章翻譯成中文。精讀閱讀技能是學(xué)習(xí)和研究英語(yǔ)的人或從事翻譯人員必需要掌握的技能,但對(duì)只需要查閱英語(yǔ)科技文獻(xiàn)和信息的科技工作者,在多數(shù)情況下不需要使用精讀技能。運(yùn)用精讀技能,不是看文章的長(zhǎng)短,而在於是否需要對(duì)所閱讀的英語(yǔ)資料文章做深度了解和研究。
下面以一則英語(yǔ)新聞為例,來(lái)簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明通過(guò)精讀,要到達(dá)什麼樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?英語(yǔ)原文:(此文摘自2000年3月25日美國(guó)加利福尼亞州矽谷地區(qū)一份非常具有權(quán)威性的,以科技消息為主的報(bào)紙《聖荷西水星報(bào)(San Jose Mercury News)》商業(yè)版C1科技新聞部分)
IBM Developing chips for TV set-top boxes Computer giant IBM said Friday it is
developing chips for televison set-top boxes that will transform TV sets into interactive, two-way information appliances.By Computing PowerPC processors and television set-top box components into a single “system-on-a-chip,” the Armonk, N.Y., company aims
toimprove system performance and lower prices.“The PowerPc is an ideal chip because it
has a good radio of power consumption, performance and low cost,”said Tom Haffhil, an analyst for MicroDesign Resource.分析:本文是一則新聞,報(bào)導(dǎo)美國(guó)IBM公司研發(fā)新產(chǎn)品的消息,其標(biāo)題是IBM Developing chips for TV set-top boxes,意為“IBM公司研發(fā)電視機(jī)頂盒晶片”這篇短文共有81個(gè)字,三個(gè)句子,二個(gè)複合句,其中有一個(gè)是直接引語(yǔ),還有一簡(jiǎn)單句。
第一句:” Computer giant IBM saidFriday it is developing chipsfor televison set-top boxes that will transform TV sets into interactive, two-way information appliances.“這是一個(gè)複合句,主句含賓語(yǔ)從句“said: ”Friday it is......information appliance.“,賓語(yǔ)從句中含有定語(yǔ)從句“that will transform TV sets into interactive, two-way information appliances”修飾詞組“televsion set-top boxes“。
第二句:“By Computing PowerPC processors and television set-top box components into asingle ”system-on-a-chip,“ the Armonk, N.Y., company aims to improve system performance and lower prices.” 這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句,主語(yǔ)是“the Armonk, N.Y.,company”,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是“aims”,“to improve......“是不定式短語(yǔ),作為目的狀語(yǔ),說(shuō)明”aims“目的是什麼?!盉y Computing PowerPC.....“是介詞By引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ),也是狀語(yǔ),表示“aims”的手段。
第三句:“The PowerPc is an ideal chip because it has a good radio of power consumption, performance and low cost,” said Tom Haffhil, an analyst for MicroDesign Resource.”這是一個(gè)有直接引語(yǔ)的複合句,引號(hào)內(nèi)為直接引語(yǔ),它是一個(gè)複合句,其中“The PowerPc is an ideal chip”是主句,“because it has......”是原因狀語(yǔ),修飾主句。Tom Haffhil是主句的主語(yǔ),an analyst for MicroDesign Resource是同位語(yǔ),修飾主語(yǔ)Tom Haffhil的身份,said是主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
只有在了解了句子結(jié)構(gòu)後,才能準(zhǔn)確理解文章內(nèi)容。除此之外,還要對(duì)文章的詞匯含義,時(shí)態(tài)等做分析。到此,只是按精讀的要求,做了很少的一部分分析,還有許多細(xì)節(jié)要討論。由於文章篇幅限制,就不再做更進(jìn)一步的分析了。精讀技能不是一朝夕就能學(xué)會(huì)的,它需要有比較全面的英語(yǔ)知識(shí),需要通過(guò)大量的閱讀訓(xùn)練才能掌握好。
另外三種閱讀技能和技巧,對(duì)需要及時(shí)了解大量英語(yǔ)科技信息的人們,更為實(shí)用,使用頻率高,也比較容易掌握。熟練掌握了這三種英語(yǔ)閱讀技能和技巧,對(duì)提高精讀技能水平很有幫助。
泛讀技能
泛讀(Extensive Reading)顧名思義可以知道它是要廣泛的閱讀,通過(guò)閱讀大量英語(yǔ)文章,來(lái)提高英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)感和擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面。泛讀沒(méi)有什麼特別要求,關(guān)鍵在於一個(gè)量。如果能堅(jiān)持
經(jīng)常閱讀一定數(shù)量的英語(yǔ)文章,每周閱讀二至三篇文章即可。英語(yǔ)文章長(zhǎng)度可長(zhǎng)可短,因人而異??萍既藛T工作忙,時(shí)間少,開(kāi)始做泛讀練習(xí)時(shí),可以從500字開(kāi)始,以後逐漸增加長(zhǎng)度,一般控制在2000至3000字左右為宜。如果能堅(jiān)持下去,一年以後,英語(yǔ)水平一定會(huì)有很大提高,到那時(shí)自己可以感覺(jué)出來(lái)這種變化。
有一點(diǎn)要注意的是,選擇泛讀文章題材要盡量多樣化,這樣才能保証知識(shí)和詞匯涵蓋面。如果時(shí)間有限,當(dāng)然也可以只選擇與自己專業(yè)相關(guān)題材的文章。盡量選擇一些自己感興趣的文章,是一個(gè)能保証泛讀訓(xùn)練持久的好辦法。
在做泛讀練習(xí)時(shí),要求雖然不像精讀那樣嚴(yán)格,但是必須要從頭到尾把文章讀完,對(duì)文章的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)和句子要有所理解。為了達(dá)到這樣的要求,最好根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容或特點(diǎn),事先提出一些問(wèn)題,在閱讀之後,回答這些問(wèn)題,以鞏固閱讀效果。下面一些問(wèn)題可以作為泛讀練習(xí)提問(wèn)的內(nèi)容參考。
1.What is main theme of the article? 文章的主題思想是什麼?
2.How many paragraphs does this article have? 此文有幾個(gè)段落?
3.What is the topic sentence
of each paragraph? 每段的主題句是什麼?
4.Pick up the sentences you are most interested and analyze them.挑選出你最感興趣的句子,並做分析。
5.List the important and useful words and phrases.記錄下重要的和有用的單詞和短語(yǔ)。
除了上面這些問(wèn)題外,讀者也可以加上自己想要回答的問(wèn)題。初級(jí)英語(yǔ)讀者可以先用中文提問(wèn)題,隨著水平的提高,逐步直接用英語(yǔ)提問(wèn)題。
略讀技巧
略讀(Skimming)是一種快速閱讀技巧,在查詢大量英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)時(shí)非常有用。略讀是快速閱讀文章,目的是了解文章主題思想。略讀時(shí)不需要逐字去讀,而是尋找文章內(nèi)關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ),主題句,從而了解文章的主題思想。在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上,決定是否選
取此資料,是否需要進(jìn)一步精讀?,F(xiàn)在以下面的短文為例,說(shuō)明如何運(yùn)用略讀技技巧,找出此文的主題思想。
In Praise of New York City(Excerpt)It might appear to any casual visitor who may have taken a few rides about town in a taxicab that all New Yorkers are filled with
aloudmouthed ill will toward each other.The fact of the matter is, though, that however cold and cruel thingsseem on the surface, there has never been a society of people in all history with somuch compassions for its fellow man.It clothes, feeds, and houses 15 percent of its own because 1.26 million people in New York are unable to do it for themselves.Your couldn't call that cold or cruel.Everyone must have seen pictures at least of the great numberof poor people who live in New York.And it seems strange, in view of this, that so many people
come here seeking their fortune or maybe someone else's.But if anything aboutthe city's population is moreis more impressive than the great number of poor people.There's no need to search forburied treasure in New York.The great American dream is out in the open for everyone to see and to reach for.No one seems to resent the very rich.It must be because eventhose people who can never realistically believe.They'll get rich themselves can still dream about it.Andthey respond to the hope of getting what they see others having.Their hope alone seems to be enough to sustainthem.The woman going into Tiffany's to buy another diamond pin can pass within ten feet of a man without money enough for lunch.They are oblivious to each other.He feels no envy;she no remorse.There's a disregard for the past in New York that dismayseven a lot of New Yorkers.Itis true that no one pays muchattention to antiquity.The immigrants who came here camefor something new, and what New York used to be means nothing to them.Their heritage is somewhere else.Old million-dollar buildings are constantly being torn down and replaced by new
fifty-million-dollar ones.InLondon, Rome, Paris, much of the land has only been built on once in all their long history.In relatively new New York, some lots have already been built on four times.Because strangers only see New Yorkers in transit, they leave with the impression that the city is one grealy mindless rush to nowhere.They complain that it's moving too fast, but they don't notice that it's getting there first.For better and for worse, New York has been where the rest of the country is going.這篇短文約500字。用略讀技巧,應(yīng)該在2-3分鐘內(nèi)讀完全文。文中用彩色斜體字,是閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)該注意句子或詞語(yǔ)。此文主題是介紹紐約市及人們對(duì)紐約市的正反兩個(gè)方面的看法(This article is about New York City and both positive and negative impressions on New York from the people.)。了解短文的主題,就等於有一條線索,幫助讀者更好的理解文章。略讀是在大量英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)中,查找和選擇所需要的資料時(shí),非常有用的閱讀技巧。
掠讀技巧
掠讀(Scanning)也是一種快速閱讀技巧,與略讀不同的是,它用來(lái)查詢文章中的特定信息。人們?cè)谌粘I詈凸ぷ鲿r(shí),都在自覺(jué)或不自覺(jué)地在使用掠讀技巧。例如,看飛機(jī)時(shí)刻表,查找特定的航班時(shí)間;查字典時(shí),查閱所需要的詞匯;看文章時(shí),查找特定的信息;看報(bào)紙廣告時(shí),查找所需要的廣告信息等等。下面是一 組找工作的英文廣告,使用掠讀的辦法快速找出有幾個(gè)廣告是關(guān)於電腦程序員(Programmer)工作。
掠讀時(shí),是找特定信息,所以只需要查看有programmer一詞的廣告,其他完全不需要看,下面的一組廣告應(yīng)該在不到一分鐘就讀完,迅速找到所有programmer的廣告。
查找結(jié)果,一共有五則廣告,畫(huà)有紅圈的即是相關(guān)廣告。
略讀和掠讀技巧對(duì)閱讀的速度是有要求的,要越快越好。在訓(xùn)練這兩種閱讀技能時(shí),最好用表來(lái)記時(shí),來(lái)督促自己,不斷提高閱讀速度。
在了解英語(yǔ)四種基本閱讀技能和技巧後,就是要通過(guò)練習(xí),熟練掌握這些閱讀技能。掌握了這些閱讀技能後,等於有了得力助手,就可在浩如煙海的英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)海洋中,遂心暢游,迅速查到自己所需要的資料。