第一篇：key to unit one

UNIT ONE

Vocabulary

a.1)adverse: harmful

the adverse effects of drugs

not favorable, contrary

the adverse weather conditions

the adverse circumstances(逆境)

the adverse winds(逆風)

hostile, opposing

adverse criticism(非難)

adversely adv.His health was adversely affected by the climate.2)stark: harsh, blunt

the stark reality of death

This tragedy serves as a stark reminder of the dangers of drunk driving.barren, cheerless

The landscape was grey and stark.clearly obvious to the eye or the mind 顯而易見的，明擺著的，鮮明的His criticism of the movie stands in stark contrast to the praise it has received from others.There is a stark difference between them.3)inflict sth on sb: cause sb/sth suffer

Inflict a severe wound on sb

untold adj.: not told or kept secret

Her secret remains untold to this day.too great or numerous to count

a man of untold wealth

untold suffering, damage, cruelty

4)systematically adv.: 有系統地，有組織地，有條理地 I wish they’d organize themselves more systematically.lump sb/sth together: put or consider people or things together

We've lumped all the top students in single class.5)trigger v.The incident triggered an armed clash.The timer was set to trigger the bomb in exactly one hour.Smoke triggered the fire alarm.6)improvident adj.: not preparing for future needs;wasteful 不顧及將來需要的；浪費的Improvident spending habits

Her improvident habits left her with no retirement

savings.7)incur v.: cause oneself to suffer(sth bad)

bring upon oneself

incur sb’s anger, debts

wrath n.extreme anger

His silence marked his wrath.8)alternative n.choice of two or more possibilities Caught in the act, he had no alternative but to confess.9)lose out on: to fail to win in competition : fail to receive an expected reward or gain 不成功；輸掉 If things go wrong I’m the one who’ll lose out, not you.10)settle on: choose sth;decide to take sth 決定，選定 Have you settled on the wallpaper you prefer? We must settle on a place we meet.4.Translation

a.C-E

1)Bending under the weight of the packs, sweating, they climbed steadily in the pine forest that covered the mountainside.2)Concerning on time passing, as we do when bored, will trigger brain activity which will make it seem as

though the clock is ticking more slowly.3)Unemployment shot up in France during the second quarter, and the country’s top finance official said the situation will continue to aggravate even if a global economic recovery gathers pace.It was the worst quarterly unemployment in France since early 2006.4)As social practice continues to develop, we should keep renewing our ideas and make innovations courageously in light of practical needs.5)Bicycles are regarded as an economical alternative to buses whose fares have increased 3 times in the past few years.6)The U.S.government has called on people to save water because the scarcity of water has become a source of global tension ecologically, economically and politically.7)In order to be a recognized leader in the industry, it’s essential for a company to improve production quality and tap the overseas market through the help of state-of-the-art technologies and equipment.8)If you are thinking about coming to Britain for Christmas, it might be a good idea to think again.That’s

because thousands of Christmas travelers have been stranded I the UK as adverse weather conditions caused massive disruption to the transport infrastructure.b.E-C

Scientists say the warming of the planet will be gradual, but that extreme weather events will increase in frequency and intensity.They say the effects of more storms, floods, droughts and heat waves will be abrupt and profound.The World Health Organization says the effects of so-called climate-sensitive diseases already are killing millions of people.Climate change is a global phenomenon.While no country will be exempt, she says its consequences will not be evenly distributed.The WHO chief says poor countries that already are struggling with huge problems will be most affected.Fragile health system in the developing world will come under increased stress.They will have great difficulty coping with the increased burden of disease and other health problems.