第一篇：2014年綜合類職稱英語A級考試全真模擬題二
中華會計網(wǎng)校&職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)聯(lián)合推出
2014年綜合類類職稱英語A級考試全真模擬題二（2）
2014年職稱英語考試時間為2014年3月29日，考生們在備考的過程中切記要結(jié)合模擬題來練習(xí)，使自己的復(fù)習(xí)更加有效。
第2部分：閱讀判斷
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請在答題卡上把A涂黑;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請在答題卡上把B涂黑;如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請在答題卡上把c涂黑
16、根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，對16-23做出判斷 Principles of Governing Persuasion
If leadership consists of getting thing done through others, then persuasion is one of theleader's essential tools.Many executives have assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic(有魅力的)and the eloquent.Over the past several decades, though, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change.Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied.The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not.Wise managers, then, ask peers to help make their cases.Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well.So it's worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise.Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treat them.It's sound policy to do a favor before seeking one.Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly.The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing.Fifth, studies show that people really do defer to(服從)experts.So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should take pains to establish their own expertise and not assume that it's self-evident.Finally, people want more of a commodity when it's scarce;it follows, then, that exclusive information is more persuasive than widely available data.Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives._____________________________________________________________________
[1]
中華會計網(wǎng)校&職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)聯(lián)合推出
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
17、People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
18、Managers do not employ those who are quite different from them.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
19、There is no need for a manager to find out the merits of his employees.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
20、Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend to treat you the way you treat them.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
21、There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
22、Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
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[2]
第二篇：職稱英語等級考試綜合類A級模擬題答案與解析（推薦）
2011年全國職稱英語等級考試綜合類A級沖刺模擬題答案與解析
1.A put across在這個句子中意為：解釋，說明，傳達，可由explained替換。invent意為：發(fā)明；consider意為：考慮；accept意為：接受。句意：協(xié)會的代表非常有力地闡述了她的論點。
2.C tender 意為：溫柔的，親切的，與kind意思相近，C為正確答案。heavy意為：沉重的；strong意為：堅強的，強壯的；wild意為：野生的，狂熱的。句意：他口頭嚴(yán)厲但心地很善良。
3.C debate意為：爭論，辯論，與discuss意思相近。make意為：制作，制造；take意為：拿，取，抓；expect意為：期待，盼望。句意：爭論這項措施帶來的相關(guān)好處是沒有用的。
4.C consume常見的意思是：消耗，消費。四個選項中只有C(use)意思與它相近，可以互換。waste意為：浪費；buy意為：購買；sell意為：賣。句意：數(shù)據(jù)表明，我們能生產(chǎn)出來的東西都被我們消耗了。
5.D capacity常見的有兩種意思：1，才能，能力；2，容量，生產(chǎn)量，在這里是第二種意思，句意：燃料水糟的容量是140公升。function意為：功能；ability意為：能力；power意為：力量；volume有“卷，冊”的意思，但它也可做“容量”講，D為正確答案。
6.D intimately意為：密切地，與closely意思相近，D為正確答案。tensely意為：緊張地，拉緊；nearly意為：幾乎；carefully意為：小心地。句意：我們的生命和他們的緊緊聯(lián)系在一起。
7.A upheld是動詞uphold的過去式，意為：支持，贊成，選項A，support也有支持，支撐的意思，為正確答案。excited也是一個形容詞，意為：興奮的，做動詞時，excite意為：使興奮，使激動；inspired本身就是形容詞，意為：有靈感的,它的動詞形式，inspire意為：鼓舞，使得到靈感；direct做動詞時意為：指引，指示，做形容詞時意為：徑直的，直接的。句意：她的信念支撐她度過痛苦時光。
8.D concise, 形容詞，意為：簡明的，簡練的；與選項中的D，brief意思相近，在句子中可互換。clean意為：清潔的，干凈的；perfect意為：完美的；real意為：真的，真實的。句意：這本書對這個國家的歷史做了一個簡要的分析。
9.C 這里的laid down是短語lay down的被動式，它常用的意思有：放下，放棄，在這個句子中意為：陳述，寫下，可與stated互換。句意：條約里規(guī)定所有的成員都必須一直將自己的會員證帶在身邊。suggest意為：建議，提出，暗示；warn意為：警告；confirm意為：確定，確認(rèn)，批準(zhǔn)。
10.C terminate意為：停止，結(jié)束，終止，與選項中C，end意思相同。began是begin的過去式，意為：開始；continue意為：繼續(xù)，延伸；resume做動詞時：再繼續(xù)，重新開始，恢復(fù)，做名詞時意為：摘要，簡歷。句意：委員會議2點鐘結(jié)束。
11.A token做形容詞時意為：象征的，表意的，做名詞時意為：表示，象征；在這個句子中可與選項A互換。substitute意為：代用品，代替者，替代品；proof意為：證據(jù)，證明；target意為：目標(biāo)，對象。句意：那兒放了一面紅旗作為危險的象征。
12.A unwilling意思是“不情愿的，勉強的”。句意：不管情況多么糟糕，大多數(shù)人仍不愿意冒險去改變。reluctant有“勉強的，不愿意的”意思，A為正確答案。eager意為：熱心于，渴望著；pleased意為：高興的，滿足的；angry意為：憤怒的。
13.B regulate意為：控制，調(diào)節(jié)，規(guī)定，它的名詞形式是：regulation(規(guī)則，規(guī)章)，control意為：控制，管理，在這個句子中可與regulate互換。limit意為：限制，限定；replace意為：取代，替換；offset意為：彌補，抵消。句意：據(jù)說，法案并不僅是對舊有的行動計劃進行了調(diào)節(jié)或擴展，還提供了新的方案。
14.B-
句意：希望秘書能夠調(diào)查一下人們對于這個地區(qū)戰(zhàn)后重建的想法。explore在這個句子中意思是：調(diào)查，研究，與investigate意思相似，B為正確答案。deny意為：否認(rèn)，拒絕；stress意為：著重，強調(diào)；create意為：創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作，造成。
15.A 句意：碼頭工人勞動力價格的穩(wěn)步增長，極大地提高了從水路運貨的成本。steadily意為：穩(wěn)定地，有規(guī)則地，在這個句子中可用gradually來替代,都用來表示事物漸漸發(fā)生的改變。suddenly意為：突然地；excessively意為：過分地，非常地。
16.A 題目：亞利桑那州的鳳凰城夏天氣候熱而干燥。第一段提到這座城市，原句說如果你喜歡干燥火熱的夏天，就去鳳凰城。說明這座城市符合題目中的特點，所以題目正確。
17.C 題目：阿拉斯加的費爾班克斯有世界上最冷的天氣。第一段提到這座城市，原句說如果你喜歡低溫天氣，就去費爾班克斯。但沒有說是否為最冷的。所以題目未提及。
18.A 題目：紐約的氣候和巴黎的氣候不一樣。第一段倒數(shù)第二句說“世上沒有任何兩個地方的氣候是完全一樣的”。題目與原文一致，正確。
19.A 題目：在海拔低的人會比在海拔高的人感到更暖和。第二段提到了altitude海拔，原句說一個在高海拔的城市會比低海拔城市更冷，由此反過來說也成立，所以題目正確。
20.A 題目：氣候受自然和人為因素結(jié)合的影響，而不是單純受一種因素影響。第二段和第三段都提到了氣候變化的原因，第二段第一句說自然界的很多事情都影響氣候，第三段最后幾句說人類活動也影響氣候變化。由此可知題目與原文意思相符合，正確。
21.B 題目：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)知道恐龍數(shù)百億年前滅絕的原因了。第三段第三句提到恐龍，他們認(rèn)為恐龍死于這種改變（氣候改變），但文中說的是科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，而不是確定?？芍€不知道確切原因是什么，所以題目不正確。
22.C 題目：人類活動是氣候改變的主要原因，因為人類污染了空氣并且砍伐森林。最后一段提到了human activity。原句說人類活動是氣候改變的另一個原因，并沒有說是主要原因。所以題目未提及。
23.F 第1句提到了A(自愿學(xué)習(xí))和F(成人教育的定義)的內(nèi)容，本句中的be called(被稱為)，說明前面的內(nèi)容是后面adult education的定義，而A選項與原文相比缺少的是mature men and women(成年人)，所以不能概括本段大意，因此正確答案為F。本段第1句給出成人教育的定義，余下的內(nèi)容都在圍繞這個定義敘述，進一步闡述成人教育的目的等等。
24.C 第1句提到選項C的內(nèi)容，所以正確答案為C。該段主要介紹Modern adult education(現(xiàn)代成人教育)興起時間，引發(fā)的一系列變化導(dǎo)致再教育需求的產(chǎn)生。
25.D 本段第1句提到了選項D的內(nèi)容，第2句又重復(fù)提到，所以D就為本題正確答案。本段的兩句話分別介紹the earliest programs和the earliest adult education institution。
26.B 第5段第1句提到continued learning，選項B與此完全吻合，所以為正確答案。首句即中心句，強調(diào)continued learning的重要性，尤其是面對各行各業(yè)的工作。Adult education programs正因此而生。
27.B 題干中的固定用法：encourage sb to do sth.鼓勵某人做某事。所以該空白處應(yīng)填動詞原形, 只能從AB中選擇，因為題目中有g(shù)enerally speaking(一般而言)，那么肯定是成人教育的基本目的，第1句對成人教育做了一個定義，就提到選項B的內(nèi)容，也就是B選項代表了成人教育的定義。A項在本段最后一句出現(xiàn)，是成人學(xué)習(xí)目的的一部分，更具體。所以B更符合題意。一般而言，成人教育鼓勵成年男性和女性主動學(xué)習(xí)課程。
28.E 劃定題干關(guān)鍵詞collectively，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞回歸到第2段，本段只有兩句話，而這兩句話結(jié)構(gòu)相似。This kind of education may be in the form of self-study...It may also be acquired collectively...從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這種教育可以in the form of self-study，也可以be acquired collectively，正好吻合題干中or前后的內(nèi)容，E項是原文be in the form of self-study的改寫，跟在動詞acquire后面，表自學(xué)獲得。所以正確答案為E。本段敘述成人教育可以通過自學(xué)也可以通過集體學(xué)習(xí)來達到教育目的。
29.C 橫線前witness(見證、親眼看見)是及物動詞，后接賓語，所以答案鎖定在名詞詞組C和D，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞modern adult education回歸到原文第3段第1句，這一句雖然找不到答案，但下一句“Great economic and social changes were taking place(發(fā)生)”，選項C與此完全吻合，說明這就是正確答案?，F(xiàn)代成人教育見證了經(jīng)濟和社會的巨大變化。
30.D 橫線前有介詞of，那么橫前處應(yīng)該填入名詞或動名詞或代詞，選項C和D符合這個條件，meet the need of意思是滿足......的需求，這個短語在文章最后一句出現(xiàn)“Adult education programs are springing up constantly to meet these and other needs.”。與題干幾乎完全一致，解題需要理解原文中的these指代什么內(nèi)容。答案肯定在本段，瀏覽第5段，發(fā)現(xiàn)前2句都出現(xiàn)learning，所以可以確定答案為D。第1句為中心句：人們意識到continued learning的重要性。所以對adult education programs需求度日益增高。
31.B 題目問：第一段中的practically可以被以下什么代替？通過查詞典得知，practically意思是幾乎、事實上，certainly當(dāng)然，nearly幾乎，actively活躍地，voluntarily自愿地。選項中B與目標(biāo)詞意思最接近，所以B為正確答案。文章第1句話“《紐約時報》最近報道美國的青少年現(xiàn)在幾乎見到每一個人都會擁抱”。
32.D 題目問：下面哪一項不屬于過去打招呼的常見方式？本文論述的中心是擁抱——一種新的趨勢，說明擁抱打招呼在過去是不常見的，可以判斷D是答案。還可以通過題干關(guān)鍵詞ways of greetings in the past定位到第1段“Say goodbye to the greetings of the past, from the hands-off ”What's up!“ to the handshake or high-five.”，這句列舉了三種過去打招呼的方式，包括了ABC的內(nèi)容，所以答案為沒有提到的D選項。
33.D 題目問：除了哪一項，其他都是一些家長、老師和學(xué)校負(fù)責(zé)人擔(dān)心擁抱的方式打招呼這種新趨勢的原因？題干關(guān)鍵詞確定為“some parents, teachers and school administrators”，回歸到第3段，在這句之后，用幾個問句來表達了這些人的擔(dān)心。所以問句的內(nèi)容就是他們擔(dān)心的原因。A與第1個問句吻合，B與第2個問句吻合，C與第3個問句吻合?？梢灾苯油ㄟ^選項是否提到原文關(guān)鍵詞來判斷。所以只有D沒有提到，因此本題選D(長久的身體接觸更容易傳播疾病)。本段談及成年人對青少年越來越多地以擁抱的方式打招呼這一趨勢所表達的關(guān)切，包括擔(dān)心有一些人純粹因為來自同伴的壓力而不得不接受這樣一種方式，擔(dān)心那些不接受擁抱這種打招呼方式的人有被邊緣化的感覺，甚至擔(dān)心見面擁抱會成為性騷擾的保護外衣。
34.D 題目問：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，下面哪一個說法是正確的？這種判斷題型要根據(jù)選項中的關(guān)鍵詞回歸到原文，再將選項與原文對比。選項A(美國年輕人幾乎都以同樣的方式擁抱見到的每一個人)與第2段“there are lots of variations on the form”(擁抱的形式有了多種多樣的變化)意思不吻合，所以A錯誤；B關(guān)鍵詞measures在第4段提到“have taken even more drastic measures”(采取了更為嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定)，而B中few measures說的是否定意思，從這一句就可以知道B(雖然一些成年人擔(dān)心這種趨勢，但仍沒有什么措施來禁止這一切)與原文正好矛盾，錯誤；C關(guān)鍵詞traditionally在第5段提到“While the US has traditionally been reserved about touching-saving hugs and kisses for relatives, romantic partners and very close friends”，C與原文前半部分幾乎完全一樣，但注意C“between anybody”(在任何人之間)與原文敘述不一致，原文說的是“把擁抱和親吻留給親人、戀人和朋友”，所以C(從傳統(tǒng)來說，美國人對于人們之間的擁抱顯得比較保守)錯誤；D關(guān)鍵詞kiss和men，需要在文中尋找這兩個關(guān)鍵詞同時出現(xiàn)的位置，倒數(shù)第二段“in some countries like Turkey, it's not unusual for men who know each other well to exchange kisses on the cheek.”not unusual=usual，D選項將原文的否定變成肯定，所以D(在一些國家，男人見面時互相親吻臉頰很正常)是正確答案。
35.A 題目問：我們可以從文中了解到作者對擁抱這一新趨勢持什么態(tài)度？標(biāo)題中的attitude表明是詢問作者的觀點態(tài)度，看各選項的意思，positive積極的，negative消極的，indifferent漠不關(guān)心的，conservative保守的。首先排除C，因為如果作者不關(guān)心的話，也肯定不會撰文來討論的，作者觀點態(tài)度題中如果有indifferent(漠不關(guān)心的)一般都是錯誤答案。B消極的和D保守的，都屬于不支持的觀點，那么答案不可能在兩個近似的觀點中產(chǎn)生，排除BD項。所以正確答案為A(積極的)是支持的觀點。從整篇文章的內(nèi)容來看，作者對擁抱成為美國年輕人間打招呼的方式這一趨勢持一個比較積極的態(tài)度。他認(rèn)為其他文化中這樣一種方式已經(jīng)存在了很長的時間，從全球范圍來看，美國不過是加入了其他國家的行列而已。
36.D-
題目問：Debenhams最可能是什么？第1句首先出現(xiàn)這個專有名詞，但沒有給出解釋。第2段第1句，the store said(這個百貨公司說)，定冠詞表明store是第2次出現(xiàn)，那么上文只提到了Debenhams，所以它就是百貨公司。因此正確答案為D。
37.C 題目問：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，除了哪一項，其他都是英國女性直到較大的年紀(jì)也喜歡穿迷你裙的原因？A(女性對自己的身材越來越有自信)與第2段“women now having an increasing confidence in their bodies”意思一致，所以A是正確的原因；文中出現(xiàn)reason的段落是第4段“providing women with well toned bodies for longer may be the reason.The increasing number of British women living on their own may also be a factor.”factor的意思是因素，在這里也是一個原因。因此和這句話敘述相同的BD兩項就是正確的原因。只有C(英國的氣候)沒有在文中提到。所以本題選C。英國女性愿意穿超短裙的人群年齡有上升的趨勢，主要是因為人們越來越自信，注意健身保持體形，以及女性生活更加獨立。
38.D 題目問：我們可以從第2、3段了解到在20世紀(jì)70年代......？根據(jù)題干，我們只用看這兩段內(nèi)容。第2段第1句“few women would dare to ware a mini-skirt after the age of 33”，few表示否定，很少有女性敢在33歲后穿迷你裙。所以選項A(很多女性40歲還敢穿迷你裙)是錯誤的，同樣可以判斷B和C都是錯誤的，三個選項的意思都表示33歲以后女性還穿超短裙。因此只有D(大多數(shù)女性33歲后就不再穿超短裙)。第3段也說從20世紀(jì)60年代開始到80年代，調(diào)查都顯示女性到33歲后普遍不再購買超短裙。
39.D 題目問：下面關(guān)于迷你裙的長度的敘述哪一項是正確的？這種判斷題從選項入手，根據(jù)選項關(guān)鍵詞回歸到原文進行對比判斷。A關(guān)鍵詞14、46cm分別在倒數(shù)第2、3段出現(xiàn)，很明顯原文中這兩個數(shù)字說的不是同一個對象，所以肯定A錯誤；B關(guān)鍵詞
19、shortest在倒數(shù)第2段第1句“the age of 16 and 19, reducing in size from 46 to 36 cm before reaching their shortest, a mere 32 cm, at the age of 23”，這句話涉及的年齡和長度都有三個，16歲與46cm對應(yīng)，19歲與36cm，32cm也就是shortest與23歲對應(yīng)。因此判斷B(女孩19歲時穿最短的迷你裙)錯誤的，同時也可以判斷C(23歲時，大多數(shù)女孩穿37厘米的迷你裙)是錯誤的。因此正確答案為D，相關(guān)句子在倒數(shù)第2段最后1句“Skirt length increases slightly between the age of 23 and 27, rising to 37 cm, possibly due to girls being in their first stable relationship”，due to(由于)表示原因，D和原文敘述一致。從23歲開始，女性所穿著的超短裙長度從32cm漸增至37cm，主要是因為這個階段她們普遍有了穩(wěn)定的戀愛關(guān)系。
40.A 題目問：最后一段第1句的zoom可以被下面什么詞代替？本題可以通過查詞典解決。zoom迅速增長，soar高漲，decrease減少，hold steady保持穩(wěn)定，drop下降。選項中A與目標(biāo)詞意思最接近，故A是最佳答案。如果不能查出目標(biāo)詞的意思，也可以通過以下兩種方式判斷：1.排除法。根據(jù)原句中的suddenly(突然地)排除C(保持穩(wěn)定)，兩者從邏輯上說不通，而B和D都表示下降，不能選擇意思相近的兩者，所以正確答案為A(高漲)。2.文意理解。最后一段第1句“short skirts suddenly zoom in popularly between the age of 27 and 34”，前文說到23到27歲女性迷你裙的長度逐漸增長，從27歲到34歲迷你裙又突然流行起來。所以這里zoom的意思是增長。正確答案為A。
41.B 題目問：世界上最好的工作是什么？尋找題干在文中的位置，第2段第2句找到這個詞組，同句中還有這樣的內(nèi)容“applied for the post of ”caretaker“ on Hamilton Island, Australia”，說明這就是最好的工作(澳大利亞哈密爾頓島的護島人工作)B。所以本題選B。
42.A 題目問：下面哪一項不是求職的要求？這個題有兩種方法，第一種是從題干出發(fā)“requirement for the application”，在文中尋找和此有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，雖然無法直接找到關(guān)鍵詞，但第3段的“criteria(條件)”與題干表述的意思相同，那么可以確定答案就在此句，原句中列舉了三項“an adventurous attitude, passion for the outdoors and good communication skills(有冒險精神，對戶外活動充滿激情，且擅長溝通)”，這三項分別與B(對戶外運動充滿激情)、C(熱愛冒險)、D(擅長與人溝通)吻合，所以選A。第二種方法是從選項出發(fā)，尋找選項在文中的位置，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)BCD的關(guān)鍵詞都在第3段第2句提到，并且是以并列形式出現(xiàn)，那么說明答案不可能選BCD中任何一個，不然題目就不成立，根據(jù)這個方法也可判斷正確答案為A。
43.A 題目問：我們可以從文中知道關(guān)于面試的什么？首先劃定題干關(guān)鍵詞“interview process”，然后根據(jù)這個關(guān)鍵詞回歸到原文第5段，最后一句“which were all parts of the interview process.”，說明前面說的都是面試。前面說到“He did a good job in demonstrating blogging skills, swimming, and snorkeling”，說明這些所有運動都是面試的內(nèi)容，因此面試肯定包括了對運動技能的考察，所以正確答案為A(求職者被要求展現(xiàn)運動技能)。B(求職者需要親吻長頸鹿)并未提到，kiss a giraffe是上一段Southall的求職視頻中內(nèi)容，排除B；C(政府從一開始就決定雇傭Southall)與第6段中關(guān)于“Southall從前50，進到前16”這樣一個過程的敘述不一致，排除C；D(Peter Lawlor監(jiān)控了整個面試過程)，這個人在第6段提到，但沒有敘述他與面試的關(guān)系，所以排除D。
44.B-
題目問：我們可以從Southall的生活中了解到什么？文中從第8段才開始敘述Southall以前的生活，那么答案就從第8段開始，帶著選項內(nèi)容與原文比較。A(他出生在一個貧困的家庭)的關(guān)鍵詞poor family，這幾個段落中沒提到他的家庭情況，所以排除A；B(他從小就喜歡戶外運動)這句話可以從第8段“used his parents' home as a base for his adventures”以及第9段他母親的話“he always wanted to be outside”中推斷出來；C(他學(xué)業(yè)不好)，段落中沒有提到關(guān)于study的事情，所以排除C；D(他的父母擅長運動)也沒有提到，第8-10段只敘述了他父母對他的評價。所以正確答案為B。
45.B 題目問：可以從最后一段了解到什么？最后一段只有幾句話，從第一句“So, you see?”可以知道是作者與讀者的交流。整段除開問句，只有三個句子“不管你是什么樣的人，都有獲得理想工作的可能性。只要仔細閱讀工作描述，滿足該工作需要的技能和才能就可以了”。從這幾句話中可以知道這是作者對讀者的鼓勵：每個人都有獲得理想工作的可能性。A(如果我們認(rèn)真閱讀報紙，就可以找到像Southall那樣的工作)不能推出；B(每個人都有找到與自己技能和能力的理想工作的機會)與原文作者的意思一致；C(人們應(yīng)該更關(guān)注報紙上的工作描述)只是單一推斷；D中的South Africa根本沒有出現(xiàn)。所以本題選B。
46.F 觀察選項，AE意思相反，很有可能二者之一即是干擾項。聯(lián)系上下文看第46題，第2段中首句中出現(xiàn)Spending time with family，對比選項F中也出現(xiàn)了類似的結(jié)構(gòu)spending time with friends，并且還出現(xiàn)了順序詞next(下一個)，followed by(緊接著)，結(jié)構(gòu)上相對應(yīng)。再從上下文含義上判斷，第2段中有according to an extensive survey(一項大規(guī)模調(diào)查表明)，top answer(最多的回答)是…好與F中next(其次的回答)是…，followed by(然后)是…，意思上銜接到一起。所以該題正確答案為F。
47.E 該題空白處是在句首，所以句子開頭單詞首字母應(yīng)該大寫，我們只能從剩余的ABDE選項中選擇。觀察該段后面敘述，第2句的racial differences(種族差異)和第3句的stress關(guān)聯(lián)性較大，這和B選項的happiness違背，而且B中的educated也沒有提及?？膳懦鼴。選項 D中的winner暗示前文會有比賽或比較，觀察前三段也沒有提及。所以選擇范圍可縮小到選項A和E，查字典可知，兩個選項中happier 和disconcerting(不安的、令人擔(dān)憂的)意思相對。Other result明顯是和前面第3段中g(shù)ood news for parents相對。而且橫線后面一句是由while(盡管)引導(dǎo)，表明后面意思和while引導(dǎo)的most young people are happy意思相反，再加上最后一句的A lot of young people feel stress，更加確定該段表示調(diào)查結(jié)果不讓人滿意。所以該題正確答案為E。
48.C 觀察48題空白前面的話語，很明顯有一個racial difference(種族差異)，觀察選項，C中出現(xiàn)了white(白人), black(黑人)and Hispanics(美籍西班牙人),雖然可能最后一個大寫的詞我們不認(rèn)識，但是從前面的白人、黑人即可判斷答案。所以該題正確答案為C。
49.B 該空白前面出現(xiàn)了happy, family, income之類的詞語，和選項B 中的parents, happiness, income 一致。我們從意思上加以判別，可作為判定答案的依據(jù)。該段第2句中的although引出一種讓步關(guān)系，“盡管家庭收入最高的人普遍來說幸福感更強”，接著轉(zhuǎn)折，“但在被問及'什么能帶來快樂'時，幾乎沒有人回答說'金錢'”，選項B(父母擁有高學(xué)歷比高收入更能帶來幸福)正好是對前面意思的補充說明，所以該題正確答案為B。
50.D 該題主要是根據(jù)前文判斷答案選項。前面提到one or both of their parents，正好和選項D中的Mom呼應(yīng)。再從意思上加以判斷。最后一段第一句說到“當(dāng)調(diào)查對象被要求說出自己心目中的'英雄'時，近一半的人提到父母中的一人或雙親?！闭煤瓦x項D中的winner對應(yīng)。D中的by a nose意思是“差一點”，D的意思為“'母親'”以微弱優(yōu)勢'獲勝'“，為正確答案。
51.A 空格處要填入動詞。issue作動詞使用時，表示”發(fā)行、頒布“的意思；provide表示”提供“，withdraw表示”取回、收回“，bring back表示”恢復(fù)“。句子：中國已經(jīng)開始____第一個關(guān)于變性手術(shù)的臨床指南。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)該填入發(fā)布。所以正確答案為A。
52.B boast夸耀，estimate估測，blame責(zé)備，offer提供。下一句是解題關(guān)鍵：然而，并無相關(guān)的官方數(shù)字。說明這個數(shù)字并不是確切的，只能是估計。所以正確答案為B。句意：專家估計，近2,000名中國人已經(jīng)歷了變性手術(shù)而10~40萬人仍在考慮之中。
53.B maximum是最大的，minimum是最小的，less更少的，few很少的。根據(jù)上下文判斷，衛(wèi)生部提出的應(yīng)該是”最低“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。所以正確答案為B。句意：在草案中衛(wèi)生部為進行手術(shù)的候選人和醫(yī)療機構(gòu)制定了最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
54.A 空格前是engage，聯(lián)想到固定詞組engage in，表示從事或者參與某項工作或者活動。所以正確答案為A。
55.C physicist物理學(xué)家、chemist化學(xué)家、psychologist心理學(xué)家和geologist地質(zhì)學(xué)家。本文論述的中心是變性手術(shù)的臨床準(zhǔn)則。那么肯定和醫(yī)學(xué)有關(guān)，選項中沒有直接提到醫(yī)生，和醫(yī)學(xué)最接近的是心理學(xué)家。所以正確答案為C。句意：候選人必須要接受心理學(xué)家對手術(shù)提出的建議。
56.B 空格前的legal requirement(法律要件)是解題關(guān)鍵，法律或者法規(guī)中的條文和要求是必須遵守的。而下文所舉的例子中的”the candidate must“, ”police must“，都暗示這里應(yīng)該填入must，正確答案為B。句意： 同時，法律或法規(guī)中的條文也必須遵守。
57.D respective表示”各自的、分別的“，prospect是動詞表示”期待“，expecting動詞表示”期待“，prospective表示”未來的、將來的“，這幾個詞詞形相近，容易混淆。空格前后是the ____ receiver，應(yīng)該填入形容詞，所以排除B和C。空格后的receiver表示接受變性手術(shù)的人，這里指將來的，所以正確答案為D。句意：警方還必須同意改變未來變性者身份證上的性別。
58.C take position搶占位置，take location沒有這種固定用法，take place是固定的短語搭配表示”發(fā)生、進行、舉行“的意思，take scene(場景)。這里表示的在手術(shù)發(fā)生之前。所以應(yīng)該填入發(fā)生。正確答案為C。句意：在進行手術(shù)前，警方還必須同意改變未來變性者身份證上的性別。
59.B 句子主語是：The advent of such a guideline(這種指南的出現(xiàn))，這是一個事件，那么believe與它肯定是被動關(guān)系，表示人們認(rèn)為。所以這里用be believed to，表示”確信“。正確答案為B。
60.A 空格前是concern(關(guān)心)，concerned about指”憂慮、擔(dān)心“，而concerned with是指”關(guān)心、感興趣“。句子表示是政府的立場，那么應(yīng)該是擔(dān)心這樣的問題，而不是感興趣。所以正確答案為A。
61.D 四個選項意思都是數(shù)字。但只有number可以和空格前后組成固定搭配：a number of是一個固定短語，表示”若干、不少“的意思，用在可數(shù)名詞前。所以正確答案為D。句意：出臺這樣的指南表明政府希望要求改變性別的人數(shù)相對較少才好。
62.C 空格前是due，聯(lián)想到常用的固定搭配due to，引入原因，表示”因為、由于“。所以正確答案為C。句意：由于其較大的社會和法律責(zé)任，這種手術(shù)不僅僅是個醫(yī)療程序。
63.B sought是seek的過去式和過去分詞形式。所以這里需要判斷空格的seek(尋求)充當(dāng)什么成分。在本句中，用seek的現(xiàn)在分詞形式充當(dāng)名詞的定語，意為”尋求變性手術(shù)的那些人“。其他三個選項都是動詞的限定形式，都是可以單獨充當(dāng)謂語的，因此不符合要求。所以正確答案為B。
64.D as表示”像……一樣“，后面跟謂詞短語；such that如此...以至于...；as such強調(diào)某事的程度或者結(jié)果，表示”如此……以致……“；such as用于舉例說明的場合?？崭袂皁ther options(其他選擇)，空格后就給出一個選擇方式hormone therapy(激素療法)，可知前后是舉例的關(guān)系。所以正確答案為D。句意：該指引要求外科醫(yī)生告訴病人諸如激素療法等其他選擇。
65.A 空格后是the long run，聯(lián)想到固定搭配in the long run，表示”從長遠的觀點來看、最終"。放入整個句子中邏輯通順：從長遠來看手術(shù)并非重大問題。所以正確答案為A。
第三篇：2014年職稱英語綜合類A級考前押題
第1部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。
1.Techniques to employ the energy of the sun are being developed.A.convert
B.store
C.utilize
D.receive
2.Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices.A.slight
B.surprising
C.sudden
D.harmful
3.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches.A.conventionally
B.obviously
C.especially
D.inevitably
4.An important part of the national government is the Foreign Service, a branch of the Department of the State.A.a unity
B.a division
C.an embassy
D.an invitation
5.We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.A.amazed
B.amounted
C.amused
D.approached
6.There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.A.a steady
B.a plentiful
C.an extra
D.a stable
7.All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain logical, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.A.as a result of
B.considering
C.on purpose
D.whatever
8.The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.A.puzzling
B.difficult
C.terrifying
D.urgent
9.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified.A.sufficiently
B.noticeably
C.intentionally
D.absolutely
10.The Constitutions, vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change.A.imprecise
B.concise
C.unpolished
D.elementary
11.The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning.A.top of the mountain
B.bottom of that morning
C.starting point
D.site
12.The latest census is encouraging.A.count
B.statement
C.agreement
D.estimate
13.Academic records from other institutions often become part of a university's official file and can neither be returned to a student nor duplicated.A.borrowed
B.purchased
C.copied
D.rewritten
14.While serving in the Senate in the early 1970s, Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban discrimination and to deal with environment problems.A.list
B.forbid
C.handle
D.investigate
15.Gambling is lawful in Nevada.A.legal
B.irresistible
C.enjoyable
D.profitable 第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。
A Dog's Dilemma
Finding a babysitter while you go out to work is, for example, an inconvenience.For the African wild dog, one of the continent's most endangered carnivores, it's a matter of life and death.New research shows that once packs fall below a certain size, there are not enough animals to both hunt food and stay at home protecting the young.The African wild dog has declined drastically over the past century.Habitual loss, persecution and unexplained outbreaks of disease have all been blamed.Only 3, 000 to 5, 000 animals remain, and the species is expected to go extinct within decades if the trend continues.Other large carnivores such as the spotted hyena face similar pressures, yet are not declining.Now Franck Courchamp of Cambridge University has found a reason why.The dog's weakness lies in its social organisation.Within each pack of up to 20 adults and pups, only the dominant male and female breed.The remaining animals help raise the pups, cooperating to hunt prey and defend the kill from other carnivores.Because pups can't keep up on a hunt, large packs leave an adult behind to protect them from predators, which include lions and hyenas.But leaving a babysitter also carries costs.A smaller hunting party is less able to tackle large prey and to defend the kill.There is also one less stomach in which to carry food hack to the den, and one more mouth to feed when they get there.Courchamp investigated this awkward trade-off by modelling how the costs of a babysitter change with decreasing pack size.This showed that packs of more than five adults should be able to feed all the pups and still spare a babysitter.But with smaller packs, either the hunting or the babysitting suffers, or the animals have to compensate by increasing the number of hunting excursions-which itself carries a cost to the pack.Field observations in Zimbabwe supported the model.Packs of five animals or fewer left pups unguarded more frequently than larger packs did.There was also evidence that when they did leave a babysitter, they were forced to hunt more often.A pack which drops below a critical size becomes caught in a vicious circle, says Courchamp, who is now at Paris-Sud University.“Poor reproduction and low survival further reduces pack size, culminating in failure of the whole pack.” And deaths caused by human activity, says Courchamp, may be what reduces pack numbers to below the sustainable threshold.Mammal ecologist Chris Carbone at London's Institute of Zoology agrees.Maintaining the integrity of wild dog packs will be vital in pre serving the species, he says.16.The African wild dog has been endangered.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
17.The spotted hyena is on the verge of extinction.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
18.The remaining lions will die out within decades.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
19.The dominant female is always left behind to protect the young.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
20.There is a tension between babysitting and hunting.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
21.The size of a pack must be big enough for it to survive.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
22.Steps will be taken to protect the African wild dog.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2～5段每段選擇1個正確的小標(biāo)題;(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。請將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上.Keeping Cut Flowers While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible.This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature.For example, studies have shown that cut carnations(康乃馨)retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃.Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long.Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination(授粉).After that, they quickly dry up and die.The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), called respiration(呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color.The making of seeds also depends on this energy.While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration.A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high.Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower.Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration.How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature.We know that respiration produces heat, but the
reverse is also true.Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed.Flowers find it difficult to “drink” water that is dirty or otherwise polluted.Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers.To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach(含氯漂白劑)can be used in small quantities.It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach(at 4% solution)be added to each liter of water.The water and solution should also be replaced each day.Paragraph 2__________.Paragraph 3__________.Paragraph 4__________.Paragraph 5__________.A Control of Respiration
B Beauty of Fresh Cut Flowers
C Role of Respiration
D Most Important Aspect of Flower Care
E Need for Clean Water
F Ways of Stopping Respiration A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers__________.Respiration plays a key role__________ The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down__________.Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is__________.A by keeping its original shape and color
B in the life of cut flowers
C to produce carbon dioxide
D for as long as possible
E by controlling temperature
F to replace the water and solution every day 第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面都有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
My Fast Job
I was six when I joined my father and two elder brothers at sunrise in the hayfields of Eufaula, Oklahoma.By the time I was eight I was helping Dad fix up low-income rental properties.He gave me a penny for every nail I pulled out of old boards.I got my first real job, at JM's Restaurant in town, when I was 12.My main responsibilities were clearing tables and washing dishes, but sometimes I helped cook.Every day after school I would head to JM's and work until ten.Saturdays I worked from two until eleven.At that age it was unlucky going to work and watching my friends run off to swim or play.I didn't necessarily like work, but I loved what working allowed me to have.Because of my job I was always the one buying when my friends and I went to the local bar Tastee Freez.This made me proud.Word that I was honest and hardworking got around town.A local clothing store extended credit to me although I was only in the seventh grade.I immediately charged a $ 68 sports coat and a $ 22 pair of trousers.I was making only 65 cents an hour, and I was already $ 90 in debt!So I learned early the danger of easy credit.I paid it off as soon as I could.My first job taught me discipline, responsibility and brought me a level of personal satisfaction few of my friends had experienced.As my father, who worked three jobs, once told me, “If you understand sacrifice and commitment, there are not many things in life you can't have.” How right he was!
When the author was a child, he was made to help his father work because___________
A the restaurant was short of hands.B his family belonged to the low-income group.C he wanted to earn some money.D he was stronger than his two brothers.32 At the age of 12, the author got a job at a restaurant and often worked till late at night because___________
A he liked that work.B he didn't like playing.C he was hard-working.D he felt rewarded by doing that work.33 The word “Word” in the sentence “Word that I was honest and-hard-working got around town in the fourth paragraph means___________
A statement.B advice.C news.D promise.34 When the author was in the seventh grade, he was in debt because___________
A he did not work any more.B he bought clothes on credit.C he was charged too much for the sports coat.D he made little money at that time.35 What does the author want to tell the reader by this text?
A If you know sacrifice and responsibility, you can have many things in life.B Children from poor families usually have a very unhappy childhood.C Children should be made to work and earn some money by themselves.D You will learn discipline and responsibility by working early in life.Ford's Assembly Line
When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford.A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all manufacturing, everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars one, strange to say, that originated in slaughterhouses(屠宰場).Back in the early 1900's, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a ”disassembly line“.Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto.Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time.Professor David Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development, tells what happened.”The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one assembly every 20 minutes.But on that day, on the line, the assemble team averaged one every 13minutes and 10 seconds per person.“
Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes.In 1913, Ford went all the way.Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed(拖,拉)past workers who completed them one piece at a time.It hasn't long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then.And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $ 260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford them.Soon, auto makers and the world all copied him.In fact, heencouraged them to do so by writing a book about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow.The Age of the Automobile has arrived.Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation(自動化), everything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true____?
A.He introduced a new way of production.B.He influenced all manufacturing.C.He inspired other auto makers.D.He changed a historian's mind.37、The writer mentions ”slaughterhouses“ because they were the places where ____
A.Ford's assembly line originated
B.Ford made his first car
C.Ford readjusted the assembly line
D.Ford innovated the disassembly line
38、A magneto is a technical term for____
A.an automobile
B.a production line
C.a part of an automobile engine
D.a disassembly line
39、the phrase ”turning out“ in the last paragraph could be best replaced by____
A.”producing“
B.”selling“
C.”buying“
D.”fixing"
40、The invention of the assembly line enabled Henry Ford____
A.to create more jobs for the unemployed
B.to write a book on history
C.to reduce the price of his cars to $260
D.to cut the production of his cars by 50%
第三篇
Play
Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being.From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys, Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play.To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again.Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child's development.In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities.is largely determined in the first three years of his life.So a baby's ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated.A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds.Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability.Bricks and jigsaws(七巧板)and construction toys;painting, scribbling(涂鴉)and making things;sand and water play;toys for imaginative and pretending play;the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.But the third stage of playdevelopment--from five to seven or eight years--the child is at school.But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school.It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child.But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning.Toys are still interesting and valuable, they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed-to a child of nice or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.The passage tells us that as a child grows up, ____
A.he should be allowed to choose his own toys
B.he should be given identical toys
C.he should be given different toys
D.he should be given fewer and fewer toys
42、According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents ____
A.determine his character
B.will not change after the age of three
C.partly determine the standard he is likely to reach
D.to a large extent determine the choice of toys
43、Who have the best chance of growing up successfully____?
A.Those who tend to overeat.B.Those who are given a lot of toys.C.Those who are given toys, talked to and played with.D.Those who can share their toys with their playmates.44、We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity ____
A.when he is two
B.when he is around four
C.when he is six
D.when he is eight
45、The passage is mainly about ____
A.the importance of pre-school education
B.the importance of schooling
C.the role of play in a child's development
D.the choice of toys for adolescents 第5部分：補全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)
閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
How to Interview People
Interviewing(采訪)is one of those skills that you can only get better at.You will never again feel so ill at ease as when you try it for the first time, and probably you'll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he or she may be too shy to reveal.___________(46)The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.The basic tools for an interview are paper and two or three well-sharpened pencils.But keep your notebook or paper out of sight until you need it.There's nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad.___________(47)Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person you're dealing with, getting him or her to trust you.Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can.If you are interviewing a town official, know his voting record.If it's an actor, know what plays he has been in.___________(48)
Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets.___________(49)Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting, and they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen.This doesn't necessarily mean that it will go well.In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before, and they will get used to the process awkwardly, perhaps not giving you anything that you can use.___________(50)You will both even begin to enjoy it-proof that you aren't forcing your victim to do something he doesn't really want to.A Come back another day;it will go better
B But at least half of the skill is mechanical
C As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes, they lack irony
D You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.E This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary
F Both of you need time to get to know each other 第6部分：完形填空(第51～65題，每題1分，共15分)
閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
Cost as a Factor in Supply
In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions.With no difference between his products and the products___________(51)his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or___________(52)the market price.However, in considering the price, he must take the___________(53)of production into consideration.There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost.This might happen when prices tumble for___________(54)he believes will be a short time.However, no business person can ___________(55)to lose money for a prolonged period.He must be constantly ___________(56)of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit.Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease.___________(57)mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production, ___________(58)logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production.Some economists___________(59)to this principle as the law of increasing costs.The reason costs rise as production goes up is ___________(60).However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow, ___________(61)competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production.If a producer needs ___________(62)skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get___________(63)from other sources.This can be done by___________(64)higher wages.Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production.We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, ___________(65)not all land is equally fertile and not all ore(礦石)is equally rich in the mineral wanted.51 A to B at C of D on
A below B beneath C over D above
A price B cost C worth D profit
A that B why C what D if
A afford B pretend C offer D decide
A sure B afraid C aware D suspicious
A Because B since C When D While
A both B neither C none D any
A resort B refer C turn D attend
A clear B simple C difficult D complex
A bringing B resulting in C including D carrying out
A less B numerous C more D many
A them B these C it D those
A offering B cutting C reducing D having
A as if B just as C because D while 參考答案:
1.C 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.A
6.B 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.A
11.A 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.A
16.A 17.B 18.C 19.B 20.A
21.A 22.C
23.D24.C25.A26.E27.D28.B29.E30.F
31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A
36-45DACAC CCCBC
46.B47.F48.D49.E50.A
51.C52.A53.B54.C55.A
56.C57.D58.A59.B60.D
61.B62.C63.C64.A65.B
第四篇：2011年職稱英語綜合類C級近義詞組匯總
2011年職稱英語綜合類C級近義詞組匯總
notion – concept – idea 概念
characteristic – feature 特征
be characteristic of – be typical of 是….所特有的 difficult – hard – tough 困難的 area – field 領(lǐng)域
area – region 區(qū)域
final –last 最后的 diploma – certificate 證書
pleasing – satisfactory 令人滿意的 wish – hope 希望
massive – extensive – a mass of--plentiful大量的 conference – meeting 會議
close – intimate--near 親密的 link – connect 連接
explore – investigate 調(diào)查
propose – suggest – advise--recommend 建議
cater for – meet – satisfy 滿足
provide – supply – furnish 提供
unite – combine – join 聯(lián)合，合并
come across – run into – meet 遇到
appealing – attractive--fascinating 吸引人的 appeal to--tempt – attract – fascinate(A 級)吸引
instruct – teach 教授(…課程)
private – personal 私人的 vanish – disappear 消失
phase – stage 階段
pattern – mode 模式，式樣
destroy – ruin 毀滅
facilitate(A 級)– help – assist 有助于
manufacture – make – produce – turn out 制造，生產(chǎn) prior to – before 在…之前
for good – forever 永遠
be anxious to do …-be eager to do…-be keen to ….渴望…
write down – put down 寫下
try – attempt 努力
annoying – irritating 討厭的，令人生氣的 boring – dull--uninteresting 令人厭煩的 seem – appear 看起來
contented – satisfactory – satisfied 滿意的 exhibit – show 展示
show – indicate 表明
hate – dislike – be tired of – be sick of 討厭，不喜歡
terrible--awful 可怕的 precise – accurate – exact 精確的 concise – brief--short 簡明的
elementary – basic – primary – fundamental 基本的 purchase – buy 購買
deal with – cope with – handle 應(yīng)付，處理
forbid--ban 禁止
lawful – legal 合法的
unbelievable – incredible 難以置信的 diligent – hardworking 勤勞的，刻苦的 principal –chief--leading---main 主要的，首要的
employ – hire 雇傭
fire – dismiss – send away 解雇
assume – suppose 假定
on the verge of---close to 接近于, 瀕臨于
gaze at – look at – stare at 凝視，注視
entitled – qualified 有資格的 employment – work – job 工作
encourage – inspire – push 鼓勵，激勵 no longer – no more 不再
admit – acknowledge 承認(rèn)
allow – permit 允許
state – declare – announce 宣布，聲明
regret – sorry 遺憾的 remove – get off 脫下
start – begin 開始
observe--stick to 遵守
previous – former 以前的 maintain – hold – think 認(rèn)為
cause – bring about – lead to – result in 導(dǎo)致
error – mistake 錯誤
component – ingredient – element 成分
solve – settle 解決(問題)
involve – include 包括
numerous – a number of – a lot of – abundant(B 級)---plentiful 大量的, 豐富的 stay –remain 保持(用作半系動詞)
rest – break 休息
account for – explain 解釋
examination – test 測試，考試
examine – check up 檢查，核對
gain – put on 增加
put up – lift – raise 舉起
put up – build – construct 建造
relieve--lessen 減輕，減少
severe –serious--bad 嚴(yán)重的 severe – strict 嚴(yán)厲的
sharp– acute – severe 劇烈的(疼痛)
severe – hard-tough 艱苦的 quit – give up – abandon 放棄
subject – topic 話題
remarkable – exceptional – extraordinary – great – marvelous – striking – special – unusual 顯著的
polite – respectful 有禮貌的 politeness – good manners 禮貌
crazy – mad 瘋狂的 sensible –wise 明智的
clever – intelligent – wise – bright 聰明的(be)exhausted –(be)tired –(be)worn out 疲憊
believable – convincing--credible 可信的 original – initial 最初的 original – creative 創(chuàng)造性的 competent – capable – able 有能力的
第五篇：2011年職稱英語綜合類C級近義詞組匯總
2011年職稱英語綜合類C級近義詞組匯總
notion – concept – idea 概念
characteristic – feature 特征
be characteristic of – be typical of 是….所特有的 difficult – hard – tough 困難的 area – field 領(lǐng)域
area – region 區(qū)域
final –last 最后的 diploma – certificate 證書
pleasing – satisfactory 令人滿意的 wish – hope 希望
massive – extensive – a mass of--plentiful大量的 conference – meeting 會議
close – intimate--near 親密的 link – connect 連接
explore – investigate 調(diào)查
propose – suggest – advise--recommend 建議
cater for – meet – satisfy 滿足
provide – supply – furnish 提供
unite – combine – join 聯(lián)合，合并
come across – run into – meet 遇到
appealing – attractive--fascinating 吸引人的 appeal to--tempt – attract – fascinate(A 級)吸引
instruct – teach 教授(…課程)
private – personal 私人的 vanish – disappear 消失
phase – stage 階段
pattern – mode 模式，式樣
destroy – ruin 毀滅
facilitate(A 級)– help – assist 有助于
manufacture – make – produce – turn out 制造，生產(chǎn)
prior to – before 在…之前
for good – forever 永遠
be anxious to do …-be eager to do…-be keen to ….渴望…
write down – put down 寫下
try – attempt 努力
annoying – irritating 討厭的，令人生氣的 boring – dull--uninteresting 令人厭煩的 seem – appear 看起來
contented – satisfactory – satisfied 滿意的 exhibit – show 展示
show – indicate 表明
hate – dislike – be tired of – be sick of 討厭，不喜歡
terrible--awful 可怕的 precise – accurate – exact 精確的 concise – brief--short 簡明的
elementary – basic – primary – fundamental 基本的 purchase – buy 購買
deal with – cope with – handle 應(yīng)付，處理
forbid--ban 禁止
lawful – legal 合法的
unbelievable – incredible 難以置信的 diligent – hardworking 勤勞的，刻苦的 principal –chief--leading---main 主要的，首要的
employ – hire 雇傭
fire – dismiss – send away 解雇
assume – suppose 假定
on the verge of---close to 接近于, 瀕臨于
gaze at – look at – stare at 凝視，注視
entitled – qualified 有資格的 employment – work – job 工作
encourage – inspire – push 鼓勵，激勵
no longer – no more 不再
admit – acknowledge 承認(rèn)
allow – permit 允許
state – declare – announce 宣布，聲明
regret – sorry 遺憾的 remove – get off 脫下
start – begin 開始
observe--stick to 遵守
previous – former 以前的 maintain – hold – think 認(rèn)為
cause – bring about – lead to – result in 導(dǎo)致
error – mistake 錯誤
component – ingredient – element 成分
solve – settle 解決(問題)
involve – include 包括
numerous – a number of – a lot of – abundant(B 級)---plentiful 大量的, 豐富的
stay –remain 保持(用作半系動詞)
rest – break 休息
account for – explain 解釋
examination – test 測試，考試
examine – check up 檢查，核對
gain – put on 增加
put up – lift – raise 舉起
put up – build – construct 建造
relieve--lessen 減輕，減少
severe –serious--bad 嚴(yán)重的 severe – strict 嚴(yán)厲的
sharp– acute – severe 劇烈的(疼痛)
severe – hard-tough 艱苦的 quit – give up – abandon 放棄
subject – topic 話題
remarkable – exceptional – extraordinary – great – marvelous – striking – special – unusual 顯著的 polite – respectful 有禮貌的 politeness – good manners 禮貌
crazy – mad 瘋狂的 sensible –wise 明智的
clever – intelligent – wise – bright 聰明的
(be)exhausted –(be)tired –(be)worn out 疲憊
believable – convincing--credible 可信的 original – initial 最初的 original – creative 創(chuàng)造性的 competent – capable – able 有能力的 第2部分：閱讀判斷（16～22題，第題1分，共7分）
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請在答題卡上把A涂黑；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請在答題卡上把B涂黑；如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請在答題卡上把C涂黑。
Plants and Mankind
Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge.We don't know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.This is logical.Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants.They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines shelter, and many other purposes.Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each.To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge” at all.Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows.Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid.When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops.From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned People cannot survive without plants.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrialization
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 year ago.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
答案：
16.A
17.A
18.B
19.B
20.B
21.A
22.B
Hercules
Once upon a time there was a great Greek hero, Hercules.He was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen.On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow(弓).He was known as the hero of a hundred adventures.Hercules served a king.The king was afraid of him.So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks.One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens(歌女).But no one knew where the garden was.So Hercules went away.He walked the whole day and the next day and the next.He walked for months before he saw mountains far in the distance one fine morning.One of the mountains was in the shape of a man, with long, long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a huge head.He was holding up the sky.Hercules knew it was Atlas, the Mountain God.So he asked him for help.Atlas answered, “My head and arms and shoulders all ache.Could you hold up the sky while I fetch the golden apples for you?”
Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky.Soon the sky grew very heavy.When finally Atlas came back with three golden apples, he said, “Well, you are going to carry the mountain for ever.I'm going to see the king with the apples.” Hercules knew that he couldn't fight him because of the sky on his back.So he shouted:
“Just one minute's help.My shoulders are hurting.Hold the sky for a minute while I make a cushion(墊子)for my shoulders.”
Atlas believed him.He threw down the apples and held up the sky.Hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.Hercules was the tallest man in the world.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Hercules worked in the king's garden.A Right B Wrong
C Not mentioned Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted to get rid of him.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Atlas was the giant who held up the sky.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Atlas ran faster than Hercules.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Atlas got the golden apples for Hercules because he wanted to be the king himself.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Hercules finally managed to get the apples by defeating Atlas.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
【參考答案】16.A17.C18.A19.A 20.C21.B22.B
2010年職稱英語綜合C類閱讀判斷考點精華(1)
Will Hillary Be the Next American President?
Back in 1969, US President Richard Nixon confidently predicted: “In the next 50 years, we shall see a woman president, perhaps sooner than you think.”
Today, not too far off Nixon?s deadline, America is looking at that possibility.Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency.US polls indicate that Americans feel comfortable with a female president.A New York Times survey found nearly all Americans saying they would vote for president if she were qualified.However, accepting the theoretical notion of a female leader is quite different from voting an actual woman.In fact, there is still widespread distrust of a woman in the top position.This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care.This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.“There?s still an inherent nervousness on the part of voters putting a woman in as the ultimate decision-maker.Control of the army and border security are sorts of traditionally male jobs,”commented Amy Walter,an American campaign analyst.“That?s where I think voters consciously or unconsciously have difficulties with women candidates.”
Women have held the top job in other major Western countries.In 1979, Britain elected Margaret Thatcher prime minister.Last year, Germany made Angela Merkel its first female chancellor.In the US, no woman has succeeded in being nominated as a presidential candidate.One woman did make the attempt: Elizabeth Dole.In 1999,she tried to get the Republican Party nomination.But Dole could only raise $ 5 million for her bid-compared with the $ 56 million George W.Bush raised.So Barriers lie ahead for Hillary if she wants to make history by becoming the first female US president.With the Iraqi war underway, she?ll find it even harder.“I don?t feel that our society is ready for a woman president.The enemy we face does not respect females the same way we have come to see them as equals.If we were not in this war,I would support a woman president,”said Chris Dildy, a computer engineering student.1.Up to the present, no woman has been elected president in the US.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
2.Bill Clinton will strongly support Hillary to run for the 2008 presidency.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
3.American people will elect a woman president of the United States in 2008.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
4.One of Hillary?s campaign promises is to reform the nation?s health care system.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
5.Germans elected a woman chancellor last year.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
6.Hillary has already raised a large anount of campaign fund.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
7.Chris Dildy will vote for Hillary.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
答案與解析：
1.分析文章標(biāo)題：Will Hillary(希拉里)Be the Next(下一個的)American President(總統(tǒng))?
2.直接解題：
1.Up to the present(至今), no woman has been elected(曾經(jīng)被選為)president(總統(tǒng))in the US.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
1.A.問題句說“迄今為止在美國沒有一個女人曾經(jīng)被選舉為總統(tǒng)”。關(guān)注文章開頭部分的句子，利用問題句中的細節(jié)信息詞women(女人)和up to the present作為答案線索，在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：(第1段)Back(向后地)in 1969, US President Richard Nixon confidently(充滿自信地)predicted(預(yù)言): “In the next(下一個)50 years, we shall see(看見)a woman president(總統(tǒng)), perhaps(可能)sooner than you think.”該句說“1969年，美國總統(tǒng)Richard Nixon 很有信心地預(yù)測： ?在下一個50年里, 我們將會看見一個女總統(tǒng)，這或許比你想象的更快些?”。根據(jù)該句內(nèi)容可以推斷出在1969年以前美國沒有出現(xiàn)過女總統(tǒng)，而人們期望從1969年到2019年期間美國會出現(xiàn)女總統(tǒng)。但根據(jù)該句內(nèi)容無法判斷出從1969年到2019年期間美國是否出現(xiàn)了女總統(tǒng)，因此接著關(guān)注答案相關(guān)句周邊的句子。文章接下來的句子(第2段)說“Today,not too far(太遠)off(離開，距離)Nixon?s deadline(最終期限), America is looking at(正在關(guān)注)that possibility(可能性).”該句說“今天距離Nixon總統(tǒng)給出的最終期限已經(jīng)不遠了，美國人現(xiàn)在正關(guān)注這可能性”。相鄰語句句意相關(guān)，顯然，定冠詞結(jié)構(gòu)“the possibility”指答案相關(guān)句中提到的“可能出現(xiàn)美國女總統(tǒng)”。從該句中可以推斷出“從1969年到現(xiàn)在為止，美國還沒有出現(xiàn)女總統(tǒng)”。因此問題句提供了正確信息。
考點：指示代詞結(jié)構(gòu)指代的內(nèi)容(that possibility)+ 推斷能力
2.Bill Clinton will strongly(強有力地，堅固地)support(支持)Hillary to run for(競選)the 2008 presidency(任期，總統(tǒng)職位).A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
2.C.問題句說“Bill Clinton將強力支持Hillary參加2008年總統(tǒng)選舉”。該題為細節(jié)題。利用問題句中的特征詞Bill Clinton和2008 presidency 作為答案線索，在文章中查找到答案相關(guān)句：(第2段第2句)Over(在...期間)the weekend(周末), Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife(妻子)of former(以前的)president Bill Clinton, announced(宣布)her run for(競選)2008 presidency.該句只是提到Hillary是Bill Clinton的妻子，而文章的其部分沒有再提到Bill Clinton，由此判斷問題句的信息在文章中沒有被提到。
考點：細節(jié)信息的查找和確認(rèn)
3.American(美國的)people will elect(選舉，選擇)a woman president of the United States in 2008.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
3.B.問題句說“美國人民在2008年將選一位女總統(tǒng)”。該題為細節(jié)題。利用問題句中的特征信息2008作為答案線索，在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：(第2段第2句)Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced(宣布)her run for(競選)2008 presidency.該句只是提到Hillary宣布她要競選2008年的總統(tǒng)職位。顯然該句內(nèi)容與問題句內(nèi)容不相關(guān)，因此接著關(guān)注答案相關(guān)句周邊的句子。文章接下來的句子(第4段)說：However(然而), accepting(接受，認(rèn)可)the theoretical(理論的)notion(概念，觀念)of a female(女性的)leader(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者)is quite(十分，完全)different from(與...不同)voting(投票選舉)an actual(實際的，真正的)woman.In fact(實事上), there is(有)still(仍然)widespread(普遍的)distrust(不信任)of a woman in the top(頂部的;最高的)position(職位，位置).該句說“接受女總統(tǒng)這個概念不等同于同意投票選舉出一位女總統(tǒng)。事實上，人們?nèi)匀黄毡椴幌嘈排四軇偃晤I(lǐng)袖的職位”。由此可見問題句提供的信息錯誤。
考點：推斷能力。
4.One of(...之一)Hillary?s campaign(競選運動)promises(承諾)is to reform(改革)the nation?s health care system(醫(yī)療保健制度).A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
4.C.問題句說“Hillary的一個競選承諾是改革國家的醫(yī)療制度?！痹擃}為細節(jié)題。利用問題句中的細節(jié)信息health care system(醫(yī)療保健制度)作為答案線索，在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句(第5段第1句)：This is partly(部分地)due to(因為)the biased(偏見的)thinking(思想)that women are weak(軟弱的，虛弱的)on national security(國家安全), though(盡管)they might be strong(強大的)on education(教育)and health care(醫(yī)療保健).該句只是說“女人做教育和醫(yī)療方面的工作有優(yōu)勢”，但沒有說Hillary的一個競選承諾式改革國家的醫(yī)療制度，因此問題句的信息在文章中沒有被提到。
考點：細節(jié)信息的查找和確認(rèn)
5.Germans(德國人)elected(選擇)a woman chancellor(總理，大臣)last year(去年).A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
5.A.問題句說“德國去年選了一個女總理”，利用問題句中的特征詞Germans和細節(jié)信息詞woman chancellor作為答案線索，在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：Last years, Germany made(使成為)Angela Merkel its first female chancellor.該句說“去年，德國選舉了Angela Merkel為德國第一位女總理”，因此問題句提供了正確信息。
考點：多義詞詞義的確認(rèn)。
6.Hillary has already raised(已經(jīng)募集了)a large amount of(大量的)campaign fund(資金).A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
6.C.問題句說“Hillary 已經(jīng)籌集到了一大筆競選款”，利用問題句中的細節(jié)信息campaign fund(競選款)作為答案線索，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)該詞以及與改詞詞義相近的詞語均沒有在文章中出現(xiàn)，因此判斷問題句的信息在文章中沒有被提到。
7.Chris Dildy will vote for(投票支持)Hillary.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
7.B.問題句說“Chris Dildy 要投Hillary的票”。利用問題句中的特征詞Chris Dildy作為答案線索，在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句(文章最后一句)：“If we were not in this war, I would support(支持)a woman president”, said Chris Dildy, a computer(計算機)engineering(工程)student.該句說“如果我們沒有在打這場戰(zhàn)爭，我會支持選一位女總統(tǒng)”，虛擬語氣表示與事實相反，或事先可能性較小的假設(shè)。因此這句話得實際語義是“我們現(xiàn)在卷入了一場戰(zhàn)爭之中，因此我是不會支持女總統(tǒng)的”。由此可見問題句的說法不正確。
考點: 虛擬語氣。
2010年職稱英語綜合C類閱讀判斷考點精華(2)
The Cold Places
The Arctic is a polar region.It surrounds the North Pole.Like Antarctica, the Arctic is a land of ice and snow.Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading-----125 Fahrenheit below zero.Readings of 85 degrees below zero are common in both the Arctic and Antarctica.Winter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic.At the South Pole the winter is about 73 degrees below zero.One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic.This one thing is the low temperature---the killing chill of the far North and the polar South.To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing.They must build windproof shelters.They must keep heaters going at all times.Not even for moment can they be unprotected against the below-zero temperature.Men have a way of providing for themselves.Polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs.The cold makes life difficult.But the explorers can stay alive.What about animals? Can they survive? Do we find plants? Do we find life in the Arctic and the Antarctica? Yes, we do.There is life in the oceans.There is life on land.Antarctica, as we have seen, is a cold place indeed.But this has not always been the case.Expedition scientists have discovered that Antarctica may have been much like our own.Explores have discovered coal in Antarctica.This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps and forests.Heat and moisture must have kept the trees in the forests alive.1.As discovered by expedition scientists, Antarctica has not always been so cold as it is today, so has the Arctic.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
2.Winter temperatures average 85 degrees below zero in Antarctica.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
3.The Arctic and Antarctica are no man's lands because of their notorious coldness.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
4.Polar explorers can stay alive without heaters and windproof shelters.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
5.Despite the hostile environment, both animals and plants can be found in the oceans and on land in polar areas.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
6.The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded in Antarctica.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
7.At one time, the weather in Antarctica was so warm and damp that trees grew there.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
1.C。文章的倒數(shù)第2段的第2句中提到了expedition scientists，并說南極洲那里的氣候曾經(jīng)一度象我們現(xiàn)在生活的地區(qū)的氣候那樣溫和，但并沒說道北極也是如此。
2.B。線索詞及關(guān)鍵詞average(平均)。第2段的最后1句中包含average一詞，該句說“南極洲冬天的平均溫度是零下73度?！?，所以該問題句的說法錯誤。
3.B。該問題說“因為南極和北極的嚴(yán)寒，這些地區(qū)是無人區(qū)?！睉{直覺判斷這種說法太絕對，應(yīng)該是錯誤的。注意：說的絕對的句子一定不正確。在原文中的第3段的段首句說“僅一個原因就使得南極洲和部分的北極地區(qū)幾乎不可能讓人居住?！?，依據(jù)此也可判斷該問題句不正確。
4.B。原文第4段的段首句中出現(xiàn)了survive(生存)一詞，該句及其緊接的一句說“為了生存，人們必須修建防風(fēng)屏障?！?，憑借此判斷該問題句的說法也不正確。
5.A.原文中的第6段中對極地動植物進行了論述，且其表述的含義與問題句一致。
6.A。文章第2段的段首句中提到了Antarctica，接著的一句說“南極洲保持著世界的低溫記錄。”，所以該問題句的說法正確。
7.A。文章的最后1段的段首句說“探險者在南極發(fā)現(xiàn)了煤?！保o接的一句講述的正是該問題句所講述的內(nèi)容。
2010年職稱英語綜合C類閱讀判斷考點精華(3)
Dining Custom
Every land has its own dining custom, and the United States is no exception.Americans feel that the first rule of being a polite guest is to be on time.If a person is invited to dinner at 6: 30, the hostess expects him to be there at 6: 30 or not more than a few minutes after.Because she usually does her own cooking, she times the meal so that the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time she asks the guest to come.If he is late, the food will not be so good, and the hostess will be disappointed.When the guest can not come on time, he calls his host or hostess on the telephone, gives the reason, and tells at what time he thinks he can come.As guests continue to arrive, the men in the group stand when a woman enters and remain standing until she found a chair.A man always rises when he is being introduced to a woman.A woman does not rise when she is being introduced either to a man or a woman unless the woman is much older.When the guests sit down at a dinner table, it is customary for the men to help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them.Even an American may be confused by the number of knives, forks, and spoons besides his plate when he sits down to a formal dinner.The rule is simple, however: use them in the order in which they lie, beginning from the outside.Or watch the hostess and do what she does.The small fork on the outside on the left is for salad, which is often served with the soup.The spoon on butter spreader, on a small bread-and-butter plate at the left.As the bread is passed, each quest puts his piece on the bread-and-butter plate.1.At formal American dinner, the knives, forks, and spoons besides the plate are placed in a certain order.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
2.At a formal dinner, bread is usually served together with salad and soup.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
3.A woman usually rises when she is being introduced to an aged gentleman.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
4.At a dinner table, it is customary for the men to arrange chairs for ladies.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
5.As a country of immigrants, the U.S.does not have its own dinning customs.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
6.The right order to use the knives, forks and spoons at a formal dinner is from the left to the right.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
7.The guest is expected to arrive on time because the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time he is required to come.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
1.答案為A。該問題說“在正式的美國宴席上，盤子旁邊的刀，叉子和調(diào)羹按一定的順序擺放?！?。答案查找的相關(guān)線索詞：knives, forks and spoons(刀，叉子和調(diào)羹)。于是不難發(fā)現(xiàn)在第三段的第一句發(fā)現(xiàn)knives, forks and spoons，并在隨后的一句發(fā)現(xiàn)提到了順序。該句說“原則是按照它們擺放的順序使用?！保缘?，叉子和調(diào)羹是有擺放順序的。
2.答案為C。該問題說“在正式的美國宴席上，面包通常和色拉和湯一塊兒吃?！?。答案查找的相關(guān)線索詞：bread 和soup。于是不難在原文的第三段的四句中發(fā)現(xiàn)“色拉和湯一塊兒吃”的說法，但并沒提到面包，所以答案為C。
3.答案為B。該問題說“當(dāng)一個婦女被介紹給一個年長的男人時，她通常站起來?！贝鸢覆檎业南嚓P(guān)線索詞：woman(婦女)和an aged gentleman(一個年長的男人)。于是先在第二段的最后一句中找到woman和old(aged的近義詞)。而該句說的是“年長的人的婦女”這種情況，而不是年長的男人，所以該說法不正確。
4.答案為C。該問題說“在餐桌上，按照習(xí)俗男人應(yīng)為女人安排座位。”答案查找的相關(guān)線索詞：arrange chairs for ladies(為女人安排座位)或該短語的同義短語/句子。于是不難發(fā)現(xiàn)原文中并沒提到該動作，所以答案為C。
5.答案為B。文章第一段的第一句是說“每個國家都有自己的飲食風(fēng)俗，美國也不例外?！?/p>
6.答案為B。該問題說“在正式的美國宴席上，盤子旁邊的刀，叉子和調(diào)羹的使用順序是從坐到右?！?。這道題與前一題相關(guān)，在前一題我們已發(fā)現(xiàn)了涉及刀，叉子和調(diào)羹擺放順序的句子，而該句說“從外到里”，所以應(yīng)是從右到左，而不是從坐到右。
7.答案為A。答案查找的相關(guān)線索詞：on time(準(zhǔn)時)和coffee and meat(咖啡和肉)。于是先在第一段的第二句中找到on time，并在該段的第四句發(fā)現(xiàn)coffee and meat，再看該句的語義：“因為女主人計算時間做飯，以便當(dāng)客人在預(yù)期的時間里到達時可以享受到最可口的咖啡和飯菜”，所以該說法正確。
2010年職稱英語綜合C類閱讀判斷考點精華(4)
TV Games Shows
One of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience.A novel can be on the best sellers list with a sale of fewer than 100,000copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers.TV can make anything or anyone well known overnight.This is the principle behind quiz or game shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for the prize and money.A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun.But all of this money can create problems.For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the U.S.and almost everyone watched them.Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows.He even had a career as a television personality.But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating.It turned out that the show's producers, who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand.Why? Because if the audience didn't like the person who won the game, they turned the show off.Based on his story, a movie under the title Quiz Show is on 40 years later.Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV.But game shows are still here, though they aren't taken as seriously.In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible.There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them.The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV.People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.1.The huge scandal of cheating in TV games shows was not exposed until 40 years later in the movie Quiz Show.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
2.the principle behind quiz or game shows is to put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
3.Nowadays game shows are not treated as seriously as they used to be.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
4.Winners of present-day TV shows no longer get money from the shows.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
5.TV can make a beggar world-famous overnight.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
6.Prizes and money are usually provided by TV stars and large companies for winners.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
7.One of the TV personalities, Charles Van Doren was proved to be cheating by persuading the Show's producers to give him the answers beforehand.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
答案及解析
1.B。該句也是長句，所以首先要弄清楚問題句的大意。該問題句說“大量電視節(jié)目中的欺騙丑聞40年以后才在名為?quiz show?的電影中被暴光”。答案查找的線索詞：40 years和 Quiz Show。從第二段短末開始查找，不難從第二段的最后一句找到含有這兩個線索詞的直接相關(guān)句。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)原文并不是說“40年后該電影才暴光這一丑聞”，原句只是說“名為Quiz Show的電影在40年后才上演”，所以該句說法錯誤。
2.B。該句是一長句，解這道題的關(guān)鍵首先是讀懂問題句的結(jié)構(gòu)，了解它說的是什么。該句是說“猜謎節(jié)目背后的原則是為了讓普通人參加贏取獎品和獎金的電視節(jié)目”。答案查找的線索詞：ordinary people(普通人)。從第二段開始查找(因為問題一的答案在第一句的最后依據(jù))，不難在第二段的第一句中找到含有ordinary people的相關(guān)句。對照原句和問題句，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)原句的結(jié)構(gòu)與問題句的結(jié)構(gòu)有所不同：原句中有代詞：this，說“這就是猜謎節(jié)目背后的原則”，而代詞往往指代前一句的內(nèi)容，可見“TV can make anything or anyone well-known overnight.”才是猜謎節(jié)目背后的原則。所以該句說法錯誤。
3.A。答案查找的線索詞：nowadays(現(xiàn)在)或 seriously(嚴(yán)肅地)。從第三段開始查找，不難在第三段的第二句中找到含有seriously的相關(guān)句。對照原句和問題句，原句說“這種節(jié)目仍然在電視上播放，但人們對它的態(tài)度不再象從前那樣認(rèn)真。”，與問題句的大意相符，所以這句話正確。
4.B。答案查找的線索詞：get money from the shows(從節(jié)目中得到錢)。從第三段開始查找，不難在第三段的最后一句中找到與get money from the shows語義相近的詞：win money.對照原句和問題句，原句說人們?nèi)匀豢梢在A得錢，所以問題句的大意與原句不符。
5.A。答案查找的線索詞：world-famous overnight(一夜成名)或 beggar(乞丐)。從第一段開始查找，不難在第一段的最后一句中找到含有world-famous overnight的相關(guān)句，于是對照原句和問題句，原句說電視可讓anything(一切)和 anyone(一切人)一夜成名，所以當(dāng)然包括beggar，所以這句話正確。
6.C。答案查找的線索詞：provide(提供)或 companies and TV stars(電視明星和大公司)。從第二段開始查找，但查找完全文也沒發(fā)現(xiàn)這些線索詞，可見該問題并沒在原文中提到，所以答案為：not mentioned。
7.B。該句也是長句，所以首先要弄清楚問題句的大意。該問題句說“Charles Van Doren被證明通過勸說節(jié)目制作人事先給他答案來進行欺騙”。答案查找的線索詞：Charles Van Doren(人名)和cheating(欺騙)。從第二段開始查找，不難從第二段的第五行開始找到含有Charles Van Doren的相關(guān)句，再找另一線索詞：cheating，于是又進一步在該段找到直接相關(guān)行(7-10行)。對照原文和問題句，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)原文是說“為了吸引觀眾，節(jié)目制作人主動把答案事先告訴Charles Van Doren”。所以該句說法錯誤。
2010年職稱英語綜合C類閱讀判斷考點精華(5)
Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk of Heart Disease
More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than l O-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years，according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.“I hope that these numbers will give physicians，researchers，health policy analysts，and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population.”lead author Dr.Earl S.Ford，from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention?in Atlanta, said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13，769 subjects，between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the 1nbjrd National Health and Nutrition Exanimation Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall，82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent, 15 percent had a risk that fell between 1 0 to 20 percent.and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age，and men were more likely than women to be in this group.By contrast, race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10一year risk of heart disease，a large proportion have a high or immediate risk，Dr.Daniel S.Berman，from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles，and Dr.Nathan D.Wong，from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward，they add.練習(xí)：
1.Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
2.Only 3 percent of US adults have a more than 10 percent 10-year risk of heart disease.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
3.More than 100thousandpeopleparticipatedinthe survey.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
4.There was a greater proportion of men than women in the survey.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
5.The distributions of the risk of heart disease are closely related to race.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
6.The 10-year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
7.The US government will take measures to reduce the overall population risk.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 參考答案：1A 2B 3B 4C 5B 6A 7C
2011職稱英語綜合類C級：概括大意題目練習(xí)(1)
Successful Language Learners Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages.They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others.They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.First of all, successful language learners are independent learners.They do not depend on the book or the teacher;they discover their own way to learn the language.Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves.They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions.When they guess wrong, they guess again.They try to learn from mistakes.Successful language learning is active learning.Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language;they look for such a chance.They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake.They will try anything to communicate.They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things;they are willing to make mistakes and try again.When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete.It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose.They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it.It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them.They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully.On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.Paragraph 1
.24 Paragraph 2
.25 Paragraph 3
.26 Paragraph 4
.A Ways to Learn a Language Successfully
B Learning a Language Purposefully
C Learning a Language Actively
D Learning a Language Independently
E Learning from Mistakes
F Learning to Think in the Target Language Successful language learners derive conclusions
.28 Independent language learners rely on themselves
.29 Active language learners seize every opportunity
.30 The author wrote this text
.A to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rules
B to expand vocabulary
C to use the target language
D to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefully
E from clues
F to say strange things
答案：
23.A
24.D
25.C
26.B
27.E
28.A
29.C
30.D
Hints for Reading Practice
1.Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity.For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day.Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m.or 2:30 a.m.made no difference.2.“Speed Reading” courses teach students how to read more quickly.In such courses, teachers often ask students to find out how many words a minute he is reading.You can do this too: look at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and write down the page number you have reached.3.Obviously, you should not increase your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading.If you find something you don't understand in the book, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what is said, why not read the chapter again?
4.Take four or five pages of an interesting book you happen to be reading now.Read these pages as fast as you can.Don't worry about whether you understand or not.If you keep doing this “l(fā)ightning speed” reading for a period of time, you will usually find that your normal speed has increased.5.Most paragraphs in an article have a topic sentence that expresses the central idea.The opening paragraph often suggests the general direction and content of the article, while paragraphs that follow expand or support the first.The closing paragraph often gives a summary of the most important points of the article.Paragraph 2
.Paragraph 3
.Paragraph 4
.Paragraph 5
.A The Organization of An Article
B Check Your Reading Speed
C A Way to Increase Your Reading Speed
D Check Your Understanding
E Read Something Every Day
F Read Extensively You are advised to read something before you
.In “Speed Reading” courses, teachers often asks students to
.You can improve your reading speed if you
.It will help you to understand the article if you
.A find the topic sentences
B find out the new words
C keep reading fast
D go to bed every day
E keep a note of their reading speed
F look at your watch every few minutes
【參考答案】23.B24.D25.C26.A 27.D28.E29.C30.A
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