第一篇：2016TED演講：更好對話的10種方式英文加中文翻譯

All right ,I want to see a show of hands:how many of you have,unfriended someone on Facebook because they said something offensive about politics or religon,childcare food? And how many of you know at least one person that you avoid because you just don't want to talk to them?You know,it used to be that in order to have a polite conversation we just had to follow the advice of Henry Higgins in “My Fair Lady.” Stick to the weather and your health.But these days,with climate change and anti-vaxxing,those subject… are not safe either.So this world that we live in, this world in which every conversation has the potential to devolve into an argument, where our politicians can't speak to one another and where even the most trivial of issues have someone fighting both passionately for it and against it,it's not normal.Pew Research did a study of 10000 American adults,and they found that at this moment,we are more popularized,we are more divided,than we ever have been in history.We're less likely to compromise,which means we're not listening to each other.And we make decisions about where to live,who to marry and even who our friends are going to be,based on what we already believe.Again,that means we're not listening to each other.A conversation requires a balance between talking and listening,and somewhere along the way,we lost that balance.Now,part of that is due to technology.The smartphones that you all either have in your hands or close enough that you could grab them really quickly.According to Pew Research,about a third of American teenagers send more than a hundred text a day.And many of them,almost most of them, are more likely to text their friends than they are to talk to them face to face.There's this great piece in The Atlantic.It was written by a high school teacher named Paul Barnwell.And he gave his kids a communication project.He wanted to teach them how to speak in a specific subject without using notes.And he said this “I came to realize…”“I came to realize that conversational competence might be the single most overlooked skill we fail to teach.” Kids spend hours each day engaging with ideas and each other through screens,but rarely do they have an opportunity to hone their interpersonal communication skills.It mingt should like a funny question,but we have to ask ourselves:Is there any 21st-century skill more important than being able to sustain coherent,confident conversation?Now,I make my living talking to people:Nobel Prize winners,truck drivers,billionaires,kindergarten teachers,head of state,plumbers.I talk to people that I like.I talk to people that I don't like.I talk to some people that I disagree with deeply on a personal level.But I still have a great conversation with them.So I'd like to spend the next 10 minutes or so teaching you how to talk and how to listen.Many of you have already hear a lot of advice on this,things like look the person in the eye,think of interesting topics to discuss in advance,look,nod and smile to show that you're paying attention,repeat back what you just heard or summarize it.So I want you to forget all of that.It is crap.There is no reason to learn how to show you're paying attention if you are in fact paying attention.Now,I actually use the exact same skills as a professional interviewer that I do in regular life.So,I'm going to teach you how to interview people, and that's actually going to help you learn how to be better conversationalists.Learn to have a conversation without wasting your time,without getting bored ,and,please God,without offending anybody.We've all had really great conversations.We've had them before.We know what it's like.The kind of conversation where you walk away feeling engaged and inspired,or where you feel like you've made a real connection or you've been perfectly understood.There is no reason why most of your interactions can't be like that.So I have 10 basic rules.I'm going to walk you through all of them,but honestly,if you just choose one of them and master it,you'll already enjoy better conversations.Number 1:Don't multitask.And I don't mean just set down your cell phone or your tablet or your car keys or whatever is in you hand.I mean, be present.Be in that moment.Don't think about your argument you had with your boss.Don't think about what you're going to have for dinner.If you want to get out of the conversation,get out of the conversation,but don't be half in it and half out of it.Number 2:Don't pontificate.If you want to state your opinion without any opportunity for response or argument or pushback or growth,write a blog.Now,there's a reall good reason why I don't allow pundits on my show :Because they're really boring.If they're conservative,they're going to hate Obama and food stamps and abortion.If they're liberal,the're going to hate big banks and oil corporations and Dick Cheney.Totally pre dictable.And you don't want to be like that.You need to enter every conversation assuming that you have something to learn.The famed therapist M.Scott Peck said that true listening requires a setting aside of oneself.And sometimes that means setting aside your personal opinion.He said that sensing this acceptance,the speaker will become less and less vulnerable and more and more likely to open up the inner recesses of his or her mind to the listener.Again,assume that you have something to learrn.Bill Nye:“Everyone you will never meet knows something that you don't.”I put it this way.Everybody is an expert in something.Number 3:Use open-ended questions.In this case,take a cue from journalists.Start your questions with who, what,when ,where,why or how.If you put in a complicated question,you're going to get a simple answer out.If I ask you,“Were you trerrified?” you're going to respond to the most powerful word in that sentence,which is “terrified”,and the answer is “Yes,I was”or “No,I wasn't.”“Were you angry?”“Yes,I was very angry.”Let them describe it.They're the ones that know.Try asking them things like,“What was that like?”“How did that feel?”Because then they might have to stop for a moment and think about it,and you're going to get a much more interesting respone.Number 4:Go with the flow.That means thoughts will come into your mind,and you need to let them go out of your mind.We've heared interviews often in which a guest is talking for several minutes and then the host comes back in and asks a question which sees like it comes out of nowhere,or it's already been answered.That means the host probably stopped listening two minutes ago because he thought of this really clever question,and he was just bound and determined to say that.And we do the exact same thing.We're sitting there having a conversation with someone,and then we remember that time that we met Hugh Jackman in a coffee shop.And we stop listening.Stories and ideas are going to come to you.You need to let them come and let them go.Number 5:If you don't know,say that you don't know.Now people on the radio,especially on NPR,are mucn more aware that they're going on the record,and so they're more careful about what they claim to be an expert in and what they claim to know for sure.Do that.Err on the side of caution.Talk should not be cheap.Number 6:Don't equate your experience with theirs.If they're talking about having lost a family member,don't start talking about the time you lost a family member.If they're talking about the trouble they're having at work,don't tell them about how much you hate your job.It's not the same.It is never the same.All experiences are individual.And,more importantly,it is not about you.You don't need to take that moment to prove how amazing you are or how much you've suffered.Somebody asked Stephen Hawking once what his IQ was,and he said,“I have no idea.People who brag about their IQs are loser.”Conversations are not a promotional opportunity.Number 7:Try not to repeat yourself.Ir's condescending,and it's really boring,and we tend to do it a lot.Especially in work conversations or in conversations with our kids,we have a point to make,so we just keep rephrasing it over and over.Don't do that.Number 8:Stay out of the weeds.Frankly,people don't care about the years,the names,the dates,allthose details that you're struggling to come up with in your mind.They don't care.What they care about is you.They care about what you're like,what you have in common.So forget the details.Leave them out.Number 9:This is not the last one,but it is the most important one.Listen.I cannot tell you how many really important poeple have said that listening is perhaps the most,the number one most important skill that you could develop.Buddha said,and I'm paraphrasing,“If your mouth is open,you're not learning.”And Calvin Coolidge said,“No man evet listened his way out of a job.”Why do we not listen to each other?lNumber one,we'd rather talk.When I'm talking,I'm in control.I don't have to hear anything I'm not interested in.I'm the center of attention.I can bolster my own identity.But there's another reason:We get didracted.The average person talks at about 225 words per minute,but we can listen at up to 500 words per minute.So our minds are filling in those other 275 words.And look,I know, it takes effort and energy to actually pay attention to someone,but if you can't do that,you're not in a conversation.You're just two people shouting out barely related sentences in the same place.You have to listen to one another.Stephen Covey said it very beautifully.He said,“Most of us don't listen with the intent to understand.We listen with the intent to reply.” One more rule,Number 10,and it's this one:Be brief.A good conversation is like a miniskirt；short enough to retain interest,but long enough to cover the subject-My sister.All of this boils down to the same basic concept,and it is this one:Be interested in other people.You know,I grew up with a very famous grandfather,and there was kind of a ritual in my home.People would come over to talk to my grandparents,and after they would leave,my mother would come over to us,and she'd say,“Do you know who that was?She was the runner-up toMiss American.He was the mayor of Sacramento.She won a Pulitzer Prize.He's a Russian ballet dancer.”And I kind of grew up assuming everyone has some hidden,amazing thing about them.And honestly, I think it's what makes me a better host.I keep my mouth shut as often as I possibly can,I keep my mind open,and I'm always prepared to be amazed,and I'm never disappointed.You do the same thing.Go out, talk to people,listen to people,and,most importantly,be prepared to be amazed.我想讓大家舉手示意一下:有多少人曾經(jīng)在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上拉黑過好友，因為他們發(fā)表過關(guān)于政治、宗教、兒童權(quán)益、或者食物等不恰當(dāng)?shù)难哉摚坑卸嗌偃酥坝幸粋€不想見的人，因為你就是不想和對方說話。

要知道在過去想要進行一段禮貌的交談，我們只要遵守亨利·希金斯在《窈窕淑女》中的忠告:談?wù)撎鞖夂湍愕慕】禒顩r就行了，但這些年隨著氣候變化以及反對疫苗運動的開展，這招也不怎么管用了。

因此在我們生活的這個世界，每一次交談都有可能發(fā)展為爭辯。政客無法彼此交流，再雞毛蒜皮的小事都有人群情激昂的贊成或反對:這太不正常了。

皮尤研究中心對一萬名美國成年人做了一次調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)我們現(xiàn)在的偏激程度、我們的立場鮮明程度，比歷史上任何時期都要高。

我們越來越不傾向于妥協(xié)，這意味著我們沒有傾聽彼此。

我們做的各種決定:選擇生活在何處、與誰結(jié)婚、甚至和誰交朋友，都只基于我們已經(jīng)形成的信念。

再重復(fù)一遍，這說明我們沒有傾聽彼此。交流需要平衡講述和傾聽，而不知怎么，我們漸漸失去了這種平衡。

一部分的原因是出于科技的進步。比如智能手機，現(xiàn)在就在你們手里、或者就在旁邊，隨手就能拿到。

根據(jù)皮尤的研究，大約1/3的青少年，每天發(fā)送超過100條信息。而這中間很多人，幾乎是所有人，更傾向于給朋友發(fā)短信，而不是面對面的交談。，《大西洋》雜志刊登過一篇很棒的文章，作者是一名高中教師，他給自己的學(xué)生布置了一項交流任務(wù)，希望教會他們?nèi)绾尾唤柚P記、針對某一話題發(fā)表演講。

然后他說:“我開始意識到，交流能力可能是最被我們忽視的、沒有好好教授學(xué)生的技能。孩子們每天花費數(shù)小時通過屏幕接觸各種觀點和其他伙伴，但很少有機會去發(fā)掘自己的人際交往技能?！?/p>

這聽起來很好笑，但我們必須問問自己:21世紀(jì)，有什么技能比開展一段連貫、自信的談話更為重要？

現(xiàn)在，我的職業(yè)就是跟別人談話:諾貝爾獎獲得者、卡車司機、億萬富翁、幼兒園老師、州長、水管工-我和我喜歡的人交談、也和我不喜歡的人交談。

我和在個人觀點上完全無法認(rèn)同的人交談，但我仍和他們有很好的交流。所以我希望用接下來的10分鐘叫你們?nèi)绾握勗捯约叭绾蝺A聽。

很多人都已經(jīng)聽過無數(shù)的建議，比如看著對方的眼睛，提前想好可以討論的有趣話題，通過注視、點頭、微笑來表明你的專注。

回想一下我剛剛說的這些總結(jié)性的建議，然后我想讓你們忘掉所有這些，全都沒用-如果你確實很專心，根本沒有必要去學(xué)習(xí)如何表現(xiàn)出來。

其實我是把職業(yè)訪談?wù)叩募记捎迷诹巳粘Ｈ粘Ｉ钪校乙獊斫棠銈內(nèi)绾尾稍L他人。這其實會幫助你們學(xué)習(xí)如何成為更好的溝通者。

學(xué)習(xí)開始一段交談，不浪費時間、不感到無聊，還有最重要的:不冒犯任何人。

我們都曾有過很棒的交談經(jīng)歷，我相信大家都曾有過。我知道那是什么感覺，這樣的圣誕結(jié)束之后，會令你感到很享受、很受鼓舞，也許你會覺得你和別人建立了真實的連接，或者感到完全得到了他人的理解。

沒道理大部分的人際互動不能成為這樣的享受。

我有10條基本規(guī)則，會一條條給你們解釋。但說真的，如果你選擇其中一條并熟練掌握，你就已經(jīng)可以享受更愉快的交談了。

1.不要三心二意。我不是說單純放下你的手機、平板電腦、車鑰匙、或者手里的一切。我的意思是:處于當(dāng)下，進入對話的情境中去。

不要想著之前和老板的爭吵，不要想著你晚飯吃什么。如果你想停止談話，那就停止好了。不要身在曹營心在漢。

2.不要好為人師。如果你想要表達自己的看法，又不想留下任何機會讓人回應(yīng)、爭論或者反駁，寫博客去。有個很好的理由來說明談話里為什么不允許有專家式的說教:因為真的很無聊。

如果對方是個保守派，那一定會討厭奧巴馬、食品券和墮胎。如果對方是個自由派，就一定會討厭大銀行、石油公司和迪克·切尼。這些完全是可以預(yù)測的，你肯定不希望那樣。

你需要在進行每一次交流時，都假定自己可以學(xué)到一些東西。著名的心理治療師M·斯科特·派克說過:真正的傾聽需要把自己放在一邊；有時候，這意味著把你的個人觀點放在一邊。

感受到這種接納，對話的人會變得越來越不脆弱敏感，也越來越有可能打開自己的內(nèi)心世界，呈現(xiàn)給傾聽者。

再強調(diào)一遍，假定你在這場對話中會學(xué)到新東西。比爾·奈伊說:“每一個你將要見到的人都有你不知道的東西?！?我來復(fù)述一下:每個人都是某一方面的專家。（三人行，必有我?guī)?。?/p>

3.使用開放式問題。關(guān)于這一點，請參考記者采訪的提問方式:以“誰”、“什么”、“何時”、“何地”、“為什么”或“如何”開始提問。如果詢問一個復(fù)雜的問題，你通常會得到一個簡單的回答。如果我問你:“你當(dāng)時恐懼嗎？”你會回應(yīng)那句話中最有力的詞:“恐懼”，而答案將是“是的”或者“不是。你當(dāng)時氣憤嗎？”“是的，我當(dāng)時氣的很?！弊寣Ψ饺ッ枋?，對方才是了解情境的人。試著這樣問對方:“那是什么樣子？“你感覺怎么樣？””因為這樣一來，對方可能需要停下來想一想，而你會得到更有意思的回答。

4.自然的表達即時的想法。也就是說，想法會自然流入你的頭腦，而你需要將它們表達出來。我們常聽到采訪中嘉賓說了幾分鐘，然后主持人回過頭來問問題。這些問題好像不知道從何而來，或者已經(jīng)被回答過了。這說明主持人可能兩分鐘前就沒在聽，因為他想到了這個非常機智的問題，于是就心心念念想著要問。

我們同樣也會這么干。當(dāng)我們和某人做在一起交談時，可能突然想起那次和休·杰克曼在咖啡店的偶遇，然而我們就不再聽了。故事和想法總會不斷向你涌來，即便無法阻止，也不要讓它們過多的在頭腦中逗留，問出來。

5.知之為知之，不知為不知。廣播節(jié)目里的人，尤其是全國公共廣播電臺，非常明白他們的談話會被播出去。所以他們對自己聲稱專業(yè)的領(lǐng)域以及言之鑿鑿的東西會更加小心。要學(xué)著這樣做:謹(jǐn)言慎行。談話應(yīng)該是負(fù)責(zé)人的行為。

6.不要拿自己的經(jīng)歷和他人做比較。如果對方說到失去了家人，不要就勢開始說你失去家人的事情；如果對方在說工作上的困擾，不要告訴他們你多么討厭你的工作。這是不一樣的，永遠(yuǎn)不可能一樣。任何經(jīng)歷都是獨一無二的。而且，更重要的是，這不是在談?wù)撃愕氖?。你不需要在此刻證明你多么能干，或者你經(jīng)受了多少痛苦。有人曾問史蒂芬·霍金他的智商是多少，他回答道:“我不知道。拿智商吹牛的人都是屌絲?！苯徽劜皇怯脕硗其N自己的。

7.盡量別重復(fù)自己的觀點。這很咄咄逼人，也很無聊，但我們很容易這樣做，尤其是在工作交流或者和孩子的談話中。我們想聲明一個觀點，于是換著花樣不停地說。別這樣。

8.不要糾結(jié)于細(xì)節(jié)。說白了，沒人在乎那些年份、名字、日期什么的。你努力試圖在腦中回想的種種細(xì)節(jié)，別人不在乎。他們關(guān)注的是你。對方關(guān)心你是什么樣的人、和你有什么共同點。所以忘掉細(xì)節(jié)吧。別管他們。

9.認(rèn)真傾聽。這不是最后一條，但是最重要的一條。我說不上來到底有多少重要人士都說過:傾聽可能是最重要的，是你應(yīng)該提升的首要技能。佛曰:“如果嘴不停，你就學(xué)不到東西?！笨栁摹た铝⒅ピf:“從沒有人是因為聽的太多而被開除的。”為什么我們不愿意傾聽彼此？首先，我們更喜歡說。在說話時，一切在我的掌控之中。我不用去聽任何不感興趣的東西，我是焦點，我可以強化自己的認(rèn)同感。但還有一個原因:我們會收到干擾。人平均每分鐘能說225個單詞，但每分鐘可以聽500個單詞。所以我們的腦子被這另外275個單詞占據(jù)了。我知道這很耗費精力，真正注意去聽別人講。但如果你不這么做，你們就不是在交談。你們只不過是兩個人，在同一個地方彼此嚷嚷毫不相關(guān)的話。你們必須互相傾聽。史蒂芬·柯維對比有精彩的論述。他說:“我們大多數(shù)人都不是為了理解而傾聽。我們是為了回應(yīng)而聽?！?/p>

10.簡明扼要?！昂玫慕徽劸拖袂〉胶锰幍拿阅闳?足夠短，能夠吸引人；又足夠長，能包住重點”-我妹妹的比喻。所有這些都濃縮成同一個概念就是:對他人產(chǎn)生興趣。我在一個名人外公的身邊長大，家里賓客絡(luò)繹不絕，訪客會前來和我的外祖父母交談，而那些人離開后，我母親會過來對我們說:“你們知道那是誰嗎？她是美國小姐的亞軍，他是薩克拉門托市長，他拿過普利策獎，他是俄羅斯芭蕾舞蹈家?！蔽以诔砷L中耳濡目染的了解到，每個人都有不為人知的精彩。說真的，我想是這一切讓我成為了更好的主持人。我盡量少說話，但保持思想的開放，永遠(yuǎn)準(zhǔn)備著大吃一驚，而且真的從來沒失望過。你們也可以這樣，走出門去，和別人交談，聽別人說話。還有最重要的:準(zhǔn)備好大吃一驚。

第二篇：(TED英文演講)如何做得更好——觀后感

“Ways to get better.”--------Feedback Key words：deliberate study, analysis, reflections.Many people always express their complaints to others that they didn’t obtain enough improvements with so much work.To be frank, if only one man just keep working continuously who is satisfied with himself, he won't be much better.Why? Do our performances really matter?

The answer is definitely “No!”.Surely the performances we have done is important, but something else can be vital.It’s what the speaker called “deliberate study”.That means a straddle between doing and analyzing.We can apply what we have learned to practice, which in turn can reflect where to improve and where to adjust.However, as many people think, our diligence and achievements are focused, not reflection.In my view, practice is of great significance but lack of use without introspection.Because introspection may sometimes lead us to breakthrough.In conclusion, never lose your reflective mind.Instead of repetitive and mechanical work, do more exploration, experiments and deep thoughts.Only in this way can we turn our best to better.

第三篇：(TED英文演講)防患于未然——觀后感

“Presence of mind”——Feedback Key words: stress pre-mortem ahead of time According to the lecture, our brain under stress releases cortisol, and one of the things that happens at the moment is a whole bunch on systems shut down.Few of us can remain rational and logical thinking while facing stressful things, so it is of great significance to think them over before their appearances.We need to train ourselves to think ahead to these kind of situations.And the conception which the speaker put forward is pre-mortem.The idea of the pre-mortem is to think ahead of time to the questions that you might be able to ask that will push the conversation forward.You look ahead, try to figure out all the things that could go wrong and then try to figure out what you can do to prevent those things from happening or to minimize the damage.Prevent bad things from happening.Or at least if bad things happen, we will minimize the likelihood of it being a catastrophe.Under stress we are not thinking clearly.We need to train ourselves to think ahead to these kind of situations.So think about how you are going to work through this ahead of time, so you don’t have to manufacture the chain of reasoning on the spot.You might change your mind on impulse, but at least you are practiced with this kind of thinking.

第四篇：(TED英文演講)讀書改變命運——觀后感

Education changes our fortune —— Feedback Educational equality is a permanent topic among the society.The poor should get the same access to an entire education as others possess.However, there are still too many women lost their opportunities to know their culture and this world because of extreme poverty.The speaker once helped a number of women with their languages by attending certain courses.These courses were often held in the local suburbs.Furthermore, the inequality between men and women is the fundamental restriction to their unfair education.Many women were eager to control over their simple daily routines and small details that we take for granted.Since those women received the education they deserve, they all realized that the only way to control their life was through education.There are so many facts that show us that it is impossible to overcome barriers to education.Education is the best means to own a better future.Eventually, I’d like to end up with what the speaker said :“Question your convictions.Be who you want to be，not who they want you to be.Don’t accept their enslavement, for your mother birthed you free.”

第五篇：(TED英文演講)閱讀全世界——觀后感

“Reading the world.”————Feedback Key words: global reading plan abundance As the speaker described her plan of reading the world, she tried to get one book of each country around the world, translated into English.She got through many tough time and finally, she manged to finish her own reading.As for me, I learned just like what the speaker expressed: “In that case, as I found so often during my year of reading the world, my not knowing and being open about my limitations had become a big opportunity.”

While reading a book, it’s a chance not only to learn something new and discover a set of stories, but also expand our horizons.As those who enjoy reading will know, books have an extraordinary power to take you out of yourself and into someone else’s mindset.Therefore, for a quite while, you will look at the world through different views.Maybe there exists some cultural conflicts or values, but it can also be really enlightening.Wrestling with unfamiliar ideas can help clarify your own thinking.And it can also show up blind spots in the way you might have been looking at the world.If we can make our own plan like this, the information in those books can make me more alive to the richness, diversity and complexity of our remarkable planet than ever before.