第一篇：英美文學(xué)史

The division of the history of British literature

1,Early and medieval English Literature The Anglo-Saxon Period---Norman Conquest 449-1066 The Medieval English Period(1066-1485)

2,The Renaissance Period(1485Tudor Dynasty—1603 the death of Elizabeth)

3,The Seventeenth-century period(1063-1688)Early period literature(English Bourgeois Revolution)and Restoration literature(1066 Restoration-1688 Glorious Revolution)

4,The Eighteenth Century(1688-1798)新古典主義

5，The Romantic Period(浪漫主義時(shí)期)（1798 the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s Lyrical Ballads—1832 Sir Walter Scott’s death）

6,Victorian period(1837—1901)This period roughly coincides with the reign of Queen Victoria(1827—1901)

7,Modern Period(1900---)The modern period of English literature began with the 20th century.Chapter1, the Renaissance Period(1485---1603)

Features of English renaissance literature

Humanism is the essence of the renaissance The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English renaissance The greatest achievement of renaissance literature are poetry and drama

Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales

The playwrights A.Christopher Marlowe(1564—1593)馬洛 29歲 主要作品：

（1）Tamburlaine the Great(帖木兒大帝，1587)（2）Doctor Faustus(浮士德博士的悲劇)（1589）（3）The Jew of Malta(馬其他島的猶太人，1590)The Jew is the archetype of Shylock in Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare

B.William Shakespeare(1964—1616)主要作品：

The types of plays歷史劇

a, Historic plays(the king Henry series)b, Comedy(merchant of Venice, Twelfth Night, as you like it, a midsummer night’s dream)

四大戲劇

Portia c, Black comedies(the tempest)d, tragedy(Hamlet, King Lear，Othello, Macbeth)四大悲劇

Renaissance poetry

A, Edmund Spenser(1552—1599)The faerie queene 《仙后》

B, William Shakespeare(1564—1616)154 sonnets :十四行詩

PART2 the early seventeenth---century(1603—1660)The period of the English Bourgeois Revolution 2.1Cultural and political background 1,English revolution(the puritan revolution)Kong—parliament---civil war from 1642—1649 The Bourgeois dictatorship was established, and Cromwell(1649—1669)became the Protector of the English Commonwealth.The Parliament recalled Charles II to England in 1660.Then followed the Restoration period.----Influence on literature----Pamphlets 2,Science Galileo---推翻地心說

influence on literature---multi—valued

Poetry John Milton(約翰 彌爾頓1608—11674)主要作品：3 long narrative poems 1, paradise lost ,1667

2, paradise regained(復(fù)樂園，1671)3，Samson Agonistes(力士參孫，1671)

John Donne(1572—1631)The founder of the metaphysical school of poetry is JOHN DONNE.玄學(xué)派詩歌 主要作品：

早期：elegies and satires(挽歌與諷刺)Songs and sonnets(歌與短歌)后期：holy sonnets(圣歌集)Hymn(圣父贊美詩)

Prose John Bunyan(約翰 班揚(yáng)，1628--1688)The pilgrim’s progress(天路歷程)，a religious fable(characters: submissiveness柔順、loyalty , hope)

Francis Bacon Essays “of study”論學(xué)習(xí)

Plays: John Dryden All for love : a tragedy dealing with the same story as Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra

Chapter 3 the eighteenth century（1688—1798）Neoclassical period(1660—1789,18th century)

1.歷史背景

(1)compromise between the aristocracy and bourgeoisie---comparatively peaceful)(2)Industrial Revolution---rapid economic growth---British became the first powerful capitalist in the world

Fictions

1,Daniel Defoe(丹尼爾 笛福，1660—1731)Robinson Crusoe(1719)

2,Jonathan Swift(1667—1745)斯威夫特 Gulliver’s Travel(1726)《格利夫游記》（1）to Lilliput小人國

（2）to brobdingnag巨人國

（3）to;aputa(flying island)飛島

脫離實(shí)際的試驗(yàn)（4）to the country of the Houyhnhnms慧馬國

3，Henry Fielding(1707—1754)亨利 菲爾丁 Tom Jones(湯姆 瓊斯，1749)Joseph Andrews(約瑟 安德魯傳，1742)

Achievements of Fielding 1,founder of the English Realistic novel 2, father of the English novel 英國小說之父

4，Richardson

Pamela Clarrisa(the first tragic novel in English literary history)

5,Laurence Sterne Tristram Shandy 項(xiàng)迪傳

Poetry 1,Pope

Works: essay on Criticism

The Rape of the Lock

Essay on Man 2,Thomas Gray:感傷主義

從古典主義詩歌向浪漫主義詩歌過渡的最重要的英國詩人 Works: Elegy Written in a country churchyard

3,Oliver Goldsmith The deserted village:荒村

PROSE

1,Richard Steele and “the tattler”

2, Joseph Addison and the “spectator” 3,Samuel Johnson

“a dictionary of the English language”

Play: Sheridan: the most important English playwright of the 18th century The rivals;The school for scandal

THE ROMANTIC PERIOD(1798—1832)Imagination: Singularity(奇異）Simplicity: Nature: back to nature

Pre—romanticism: William Blake, Robert Burns Romanticism: Wordsworth.Coleridge Late—Romanticism: Byron, Shelly, John Keats

1,William Blake Song of innocence Songs of experience

2,Rovert burns A red red rose Auld lang syne:友誼地久天長 William Wordsworth To the cuckoo I wandered lonely as a cloud My heart leaps up The solitary reaper

Samuel Taylor Coleridge THE REIME OF THE ANCIENT MARINER LUBLA KHAN

George Gordon Byron(1788—1824)CHILDE HAROLD’S PILGRIMAGE CAIN（該隱，1821）

DON JUAN(唐 桓，1818—1823)PERCY BYSSHE SHELLY(1792—1822)ODE TO THE WEST WIND(西風(fēng)頌，1819)“if the winter comes, can spring be far behind?”

John keats(1795—1821)ODE TO THE NIGHTINGALE ODE ON A GRECIAN URIN ODE TO AUTUMN

Jane Austen(簡 奧斯丁，17775—1817)（1）SENSE AND SESIBILIY,1811（2）PRIDE AND PREJUDICE,1813（3）MANSFIELD PARK(曼斯菲爾德花園，1814)It reveals the amour—propre of human being

（4）PERSUASION,1918勸告

It contracts the true love and pinch pennies

（5）NORTHANGER ABBEY ,諾桑覺寺，1818 It satirizes the popular Gothic knightly lyric in the 18th century

Chapter6 the Victorian Period

English critical realism QUEEN VICTORIA(1837—1901)

Victorian literature(1)NOVEL became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought(2)Writers exposed all kinds of social evils—poverty, injustice, hypocrisy, corruption, snobbery ………

Writers such as Dickens, Thackeray, Mrs Gaskell, Ruskin, Bronte sisters showed their primary concern about the people in the primary concern about the people in the society with sympathy for the poor and the unfortunate and become the major voice of unfortunate and become the major voice of the literary would by presenting a faithful picture of the horrible capitalist England.Major writers of the period(1)Charles Dickiens(1812—1870)

主要作品： 17部小說 早期

(1)PICKWICK PAPERS(匹克威克外傳，1833—1850)(2)OLIVER TWIST(霧都孤兒，1838)(3)NICHOLAS NICKLEBY(尼古拉斯，尼克爾比，1839)(4)THE OLD CURIOSITY SHOP(老古玩店，1841)(5)DAVID DOPPERFIELD(大衛(wèi)科波菲爾，1850)(6)DOMBEY AND SON(董氏父子，1848)后期（1）（2）（3）（4）

BLEAK HOUSES, 荒涼山莊，1853 HARD TIME,艱難時(shí)世，1854 A TLE OF TOW CITIES, 雙城記

GREAT EXPECTATIONS(遠(yuǎn)大前程，1861)(2)，William Makepeace Thackeray VALITY FAIR:名利場

The title was taken from BUNYAN’S PILGRIM’S PROGRESS MAJOR CHARACTERS Amelia sedley and Rebecca sharp

(3)，Elizabeth Gaskell, Mrs Gaskell Gaskell was one of the English writers to describe in a novel the class struggle between the workers and the capitalists in “THE HUNGRY FORTIES”

Mary Baron: contains a vivid picture of the class conflicts which prevailed at that time North and South

(3)Bronte Sisters(勃朗特姐妹)(4)

CHARLOTTE BRONTE(1816—1855)JANE EYRE(1847)

Emily Bronte(1818—1848)WUTHERING HEIGHTS(1847)CATHERINE OR CATHY MOODY HEATHCLIFF

Anne Bronte(1820—1849)

5)George Eliot 主要作品：

Scenes of clerical life(牧師生活的一瞥)Adam bede 亞當(dāng) 貝德

The mill on the floss:弗洛斯河上的磨房 Middlemarch: 米德爾馬契

Literay trends at the end of the century 1, neo—romanticism Robert Louis Stevenson Treasure Island 2,Aestheticism Oscar Wilde The picture of Dorian Gray A Woman of No importance An ideal husband The importance of being earnest 3, Naturalism Thomas Hardy,1840==1928(1)the return of the native,1878(2)the Mayor of Casterbridge,1886(3)Tess of the D’Urbervilles,1891(Tess, Angel Clare, Alec)(4)Jude the Obscure,1896

CHAPTER7

THE MODERN PERIOD The characteristics of modernism Major themes: the distorted, alienated and ill relationships between man and nature, man and society, man and man, and man and himself.From the public to the private, from the objective to the subjective Casting away almost all the traditional elements in literature like story, plot, character, chronological narration, which are essential to realism.As a result, the works created by the modernist writers can often be labeled as anti-novel or anti-drama.1, James Joyce,1882--1941 主要作品：

Dubliners,都柏林人

A portrait of the artist as a young man ,青年藝術(shù)家的肖像 Ulysses,1992,尤利西斯

Finnegans wake 1939 費(fèi)尼根們的覺醒

2,William Somerset Maugham

Of Human Bondage The Man and Sixpence

3,Josepph Conrad Lord Jim Heart of Darkness

4,E.M, FOSTER A Passage to India Howards End Aspect of the Novel

5, D.H Lawrence Sons and lovers(Oedipus complex)The rainbow Women in love Lady chatterley’s lover

6,Virginia Woolf-------stream of consciousness novels The voyage Out Mrs.Dalloway To the lighthouse Orlando A Room of one’s own

English Literature after the WWII

1,William Golding The lord of the files The inheritors

2,John Fowles The French Lieutenant’s Woman(法國上尉的女人)The collector

WOMEN LITERATURE 1,Virginia Woolf 2, Doris Lessing The Grass is singing The golden notebook 3,Irish MURDOCK The black prince Under the net The unicorn

Poetry of modern Period 1,W.B.YEATS

Sailing to Byzantium When you are old No second troy

2, T.S.Eliot The love song of j.Alfred Prufrock The waste land Four quartets

3,Phlip Larkin(the movement poet)

Major playwrights of the period

A , George Bernard Shaw,1856—1950 The best dramatist since Shakespeare Promoted social reform with “drama of ideas.”

主要作品：

widowers’ house(鰥夫房產(chǎn)，1892)MRS.Warren’s Profession 沃倫夫人的職業(yè)，1894 Pygmalion:皮革馬利翁，賣花女，窈窕淑女，my fair lady or

Samuel Beckett Waiting for Godot The theater of the Absurd

the flower girl AMERICAN LITERATUR

AREMERICAN LITERATURE

I American Puritanism ,1620---end of the 18th century

II American Romanticism(the end of 18th cutury—1861)III The Realistic period(1861—1900)IV the modern Period(1900--)V The Postmodern Period(1945---)

American Puritanism(1620—the end of 20th century)Jonathan Edward,1703—1758 Freedom and the will,1754

Benjamin Franklin 1706—1790 Poor Richard’s Almanacs 1732 The Autobiography 1788

II American Romanticism ,the end of 18th century—1861

“the American Renaissance”：美國文藝復(fù)興

New England Transcendental Movement:新英格蘭超驗(yàn)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)

這個(gè)時(shí)期的主要作家及作品： Washington Irving;華盛頓 歐文

James Fenimore Cooper 1789—1851,庫伯 Ralph Waldo Emerson:拉爾夫 華爾多 愛默生 Henry David Thoreau 梭羅

Nathaniel Hawthorne 納撒尼爾 霍桑 Herman Melviile 赫爾曼 麥爾維爾

Edgar Allan Poe 艾倫 坡

Walt Whitman 華爾特 惠特曼 Emily Dickinson 迪金森

Washington Irving ,1783—1859 The father of American literature: 美國文學(xué)之父

The first American writer of imaginative literature to gain international fame

The legend of sleepy Hollow 斷頭谷 Rip Van Winkle瑞普 凡 溫克爾

James Fenimore Cooper 1789—1851 The pioneers 拓荒者

The last of the Mohicans:最后的莫西干人 The Prairie: 草原

The Pathfinder 探路者 The deerslayer:獵鹿人

Ralph Waldo Emerson :拉爾夫 菲爾多 愛默生 1803--·881 主要作品：

Nature 1836 自然

The American scholar 1837 美國學(xué)者 Self-Reliance 1841 自立 The over—soul 1841 超靈

Self-trust is the first secret of success

A great man is always willing to be little

The first wealth is health

We are all wise for other people, none for himself

Henry David Thoreau 梭羅 An active transcendentalist 主要作品：

Walden:瓦爾登湖

A week on the concord and Merrimack rivers：康科德和麥里馬科湖的一周 Nathaniel Hawthorne :納撒尼爾 霍桑，1804—1864

The scarlet letter,1850 Hester Prynne Dimmesdale Pearl DR.Chilingworth

The minister’s black veil: 牧師的黑面紗

Herman Melville 1819—1891 主要作品

Peua Ahab Moby—dick

Edgar Allan Poe

Poe was father of many things, one of which is psychoanalytic criticism, the other being the detective story 詩：

Annabel Lee To Helen 短篇小說

The Fall of h HOUSE of Usher The purploined letter The golden bug

Walt Whitman:華爾特 惠特曼

American poet, journalist and essayist, best know for Leaves of Grass:草葉集，1855 The father of American Modern poetry

Leaves of Grass:草葉集，1855 Includes the following famous poes Song of Myself自我之歌

There was a child went forth 有個(gè)小孩在長大 I hear America Singing 我聽見美國在唱歌

Free Verse O Captain!My captain!Our fearful trip is done The ship has weathered every rack ,the prize we sought is won, The poet is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting

But O heart!Heart!Heart!O the bleeding drops to red

Where on the deck my captain lies Fallen cold and dead

Nothing Gold Can Stay

Nature’s first green is gold, Her hardest hue to hold Her early leaf’s a flower But only so an hour Then leaf subsides to leaf So eden sank to grief So dawn goes down to day Nothing gold can stay

By Robert forst

Emily Dickinson

1775poems in her life Them : religion death love ,nature

作品：

I died for beauty---but was scarce Apparently with no surprise Tell all the truth but tell it slant Success

Success: Success is counted sweetest By those who ne’er succeed To comprehend a nectar Requires sorest need

The realistic period ,1865—1914 The American civil war ,1861—1865 Two results 1,futher industrialization mechanization, urbanization, development of transportation and communication 2,westward movement;by 1890, the last of the first 48 states were settled

這個(gè)時(shí)期的文學(xué)寫作特點(diǎn) 1, realism現(xiàn)實(shí)主義 2,local color地方特色 3,naturalism自然主義

4,feminist movement:女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)

Emily Dickinson, Harriet Beecher stowe, Sarah Orne Jewett Kate Chopin Edith Wharton Willa Cather

主要作家、作品

Mark Twain 1835—1910 Local colorism Humor Language(vernacular language)

主要作品

The celebrated jumping frog of calaveras county 1865 The innocents abroad 1869 The adventures of tom sawyer 1876 The prince and pauper 1881 Life on the Mississippi 1881 The adventures of huckleberry finn 1885(湯姆索亞歷險(xiǎn)記續(xù)集)A Connecticut yankee in king Arthur’s court 1889 The man that corrupted hadleyburg 1900 The mysterious stranger 1916

Henry James 1843—1916

Psychological realistic writer, short-story writer, playwright, critic Essayist,22novels and over 100 short stories and some critical commentaries

The creative life of Henry James can be divide into 3 distinctive periods

1,1865—1881 ,the American 1877,daisy mille 1878, The portrait of a lady,1881 These novels won hom international fame and reveal James fascination with his “international them”

Or American innocence in face of European sophistication 2.1885—1897,tales of subtle studies of interpersonal relationships

The Bostonian 1886 The tragic muse 1890

3,1895—1916 ,the summit of his art and thus the major phase: on international them ,and on people’s psychology The turn of the screw The wings of the dove The ambassadors The golden bowl Thematic concern: The international theme The meeting of American and Europe, with European decadence ,and its moral and psychological complications

Significance 1, the forefather of literature of “Stream of consciousness” 2,Point of view

William Dean Howells

The rise of Silas Laspham It is a fine specimen of American realistic writing

Thematic tern :middle class Genteel realism

Howells

middle class

genteel realism James

upper class

psychological realism Twain lower strata of

society localism

American Naturalism: pessimistic realism Naturalism: a genre of literary thoughts originated form the view of a French writer, Emile Zola

Writers: THEODORE Dreiser Stephen crane JACK LONDON THEODORE DREISER 1871—1945 作品

The financier The titan

An American tragedy The stoic

2,stepphen crane Maggie:a girl of the streets The red badge of courage Jack London The calla of the nature The sea wolf Martin eden(4)O henry The gift of the magi The cop and the anthem

Women writers Mrs stowe(harrie beebher stowe)Uncle tom’s cabin

Kate chopin The awakening A story of an hour

Willa cather My Antonia

Death comes for the archbishop

第二篇：英美文學(xué)史推薦書目

英美文學(xué)史推薦書目

1《現(xiàn)代美國小說史》 王長榮 上海外語教育出版社 1996

2《現(xiàn)代英國小說史》侯維瑞 上海外語教育出版社1985 1版 1996 2版 3 《英美意識(shí)流小說》 李維屏上海外語教育出版社 1996

4《英國文學(xué)的偉大傳統(tǒng)》上，中，下，魯賓斯塔上海譯文出版社 1995 5《英國小說的黃金時(shí)代》 朱虹 中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社 1997

6《超越傳統(tǒng)的新起點(diǎn)》文美惠中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社 1995

7《現(xiàn)代主義浪潮下》黃梅中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社 1995

8《現(xiàn)代主義之后：寫實(shí)與實(shí)驗(yàn)》 陸建德 中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社 1997 9《自由與傳統(tǒng)：二十世紀(jì)英國文化》吳浩 東方出版社 1999

10《夢想與塵世：二十世紀(jì)美國文化》 黃明哲 東方出版社 1999 11《當(dāng)代英國文學(xué)論文集》 張中載 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社 1996

12《伊甸園之門——六十年代美國文化》 Morris Dickstein 上海外語教育出版社

13《流放者的歸來——二十年代的文學(xué)流浪生涯》Malcolm Cowley 上海外語教育出版社

14《一八九零年代的美國——迷惘的一代人的歲月》larzer ziff 上海外語教育出版社

15《處女地——作為象征和神話的美國西部》Henry nash Smith 上海外語教育出版社

16《激進(jìn)的理想與美國之夢——大蕭條歲月中的文化和社會(huì)思想》Richard H Pells 上海外語教育出版社

17《華盛頓歐文的世界》Van Wyck Brooks 上海外語教育出版社

18《愛國者之血——美國南北戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)期的文學(xué)》Edmund Wilson 上海外語教育出版社

19《美國文學(xué)的周期——?dú)v史評(píng)論專著》Robert E Spiller 上海外語教育出版社

20《美國文學(xué)背景觀》史志康上海外語教育出版社1998

21《英美現(xiàn)代主義文學(xué)慨觀》 李維屏 上海外語教育出版社1997

22《二十世紀(jì)英國文學(xué)史》阮煒 徐文博 曹亞軍 青島出版社 1999 23《二十世紀(jì)美國文學(xué)史》楊仁敬青島出版社 1999

24《二十世紀(jì)美國文學(xué)導(dǎo)論》 李公昭 朱榮杰 西安交通大學(xué)出版社2000 25《二十世紀(jì)英國文學(xué)導(dǎo)論》 李公昭 西安交通大學(xué)出版社2000

26《的球兩面的文學(xué)——中美當(dāng)代文學(xué)及其比較》陳遼 張子清 南京大學(xué)出版社1993

27《美國當(dāng)代小說家論》錢滿素 中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社1987

29《愛默生和中國——對(duì)個(gè)人主義的反思》錢滿素三聯(lián)出版社 1996 30《美國文藝書話》馮亦代 中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社1998

31《當(dāng)代美國文學(xué)》上 下 丹尼爾霍夫曼中國文聯(lián)出版社1985

32《美國文學(xué)簡介》 Fred Mednick河南大學(xué)出版社1993

33《當(dāng)代美國小說研究》黃鐵池學(xué)林出版社2000 6

34《英國詩史》王佐良 譯林出版社1997

34《我國英美文學(xué)翻譯概論》 孫致禮 譯林出版社1996

35《二十世紀(jì)美國詩歌史》張子清 吉林教育出版社1995

36《美國文學(xué)源流》魯賓斯坦 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社1988 1998

37《英國詩選》王佐良 上海譯文出版社 2000

38《現(xiàn)代美國時(shí)詩選》趙毅衡 外國文學(xué)出版社 1985

39《美國文學(xué)選讀》 一 二 三冊楊豈深 龍文佩 上海譯文出版社1985 40西方文論選》（上、下），上海譯文出版社1979年版（有舊版可用）； 41《現(xiàn)代西方文論選》，上海譯文出版社1983年版；

42《西方20世紀(jì)文論選》（1－4），中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社1989年版；

43《最新西方文論選》，漓江出版社1991年版；

44[美]韋勒克、沃倫：《文學(xué)理論》，三聯(lián)書店1984年版；

45[英]伊格爾頓：《二十世紀(jì)西方文學(xué)理論》，陜西師大出版社1986年版（另有中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社、文化藝術(shù)出版社版本，書名譯名有別）；

46[荷]佛克馬、易布斯：《二十世紀(jì)文學(xué)理論》，三聯(lián)書店1988年版；

47[英]杰弗森等：《西方現(xiàn)代文學(xué)理論概述與比較》，湖南文藝出版社1986年版（另有上海外語教育出版社版本，書名譯名有別）；

48盛寧：《二十世紀(jì)美國文論》，北京大學(xué)出版社1994年版。

49王岳川：《后現(xiàn)代主義文化研究》，北京大學(xué)出版社1992年版

50盛寧：《人文困惑與反思：西方后現(xiàn)代主義思潮批判》，三聯(lián)書店1997年版； 51王寧：《后現(xiàn)代主義之后》，中國文學(xué)出版社1998年版。

52袁可嘉 《現(xiàn)代主義文學(xué)研究》中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社 1989

53瞿世鏡 《意識(shí)流小說理論》四川文藝出版社 1989

Bruce A Ronda 《the discourse of American literature-culture and expression from Colonizaition to Present》上海外語教育出版社 1991 1996

劉巖 《中國文化對(duì)美國文學(xué)的影響》河北人民出版社 1999

彭予《二十世紀(jì)美國詩歌》河南大學(xué)出版社1995

56袁可嘉《現(xiàn)代派論，英美詩論》中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社 1985

57董衡巽 《美國現(xiàn)代小說家論》中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社 1987

58劉海平《中美文化的互動(dòng)與關(guān)聯(lián)》上海外語教育出版社 1997

59錢青《美國文學(xué)名著精選》上下 商務(wù)印書館 1997

董衡巽 朱虹 李文俊《美國文學(xué)簡史》上下 人民文學(xué)出版社1987 61李賦寧 《英國中古時(shí)期文學(xué)史》外語教學(xué)與研究出版社

62王佐良 何其莘《英國文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期文學(xué)史》外語教學(xué)與研究出版社 63吳景榮 劉意青 《英國十八世紀(jì)文學(xué)史》外語教學(xué)與研究出版社

64王佐良 周鈺良《英國二十世紀(jì)文學(xué)史》外語教學(xué)與研究出版社

A Recommended Reading List of novels

English literatureKINGSLEY AMISLUCKY JIM金斯利艾米斯幸運(yùn)的吉姆JANE AUSTENPRIDE AND PREJUDICEARNOLD BENNETTTHE OLD WIVES’TALE阿諾德貝奈特老婦譚 4 ELIZABETH BOWENTHE DEATH OF THE HEART伊麗莎白 鮑恩 心之死CHARLOTTE BRONTEJANE EYREANTHONY BURGESSA CLOCKWORK ORANGE安東尼伯吉斯帶發(fā)條的桔子SAMUEL BULTERTHE WAY OF ALL FLESH塞 勃特勒眾生之路 8 A.S.BYATTPOSSESSION拜厄特占有LEWIS CARROLLALICE’S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND 路易斯卡羅爾艾麗斯漫游奇境記ANGELA CARTERTHE COMPANY OF WOLVES安吉拉 卡特 狼群 11 AGATHA CHRISTIEMURDER ON THE ORIENT EXPRESS阿加莎克里斯的 東方快車上的謀殺案IVY COMPTON-BURNETTA FAMILY AND A FORTUNE艾薇康普頓伯內(nèi)特家庭和財(cái)富JOSEPH CONRADHEART OF DARKNESS;LORD JIMDANIEL DEFOEROBINSON CRUSOECHARLES DICKENSDAVID COPPERFIELDSIR ARTHUR C.DOYLETHE ADVENTURES OF SHERLOCKS HOLMES阿瑟 柯南 道爾福爾摩斯探案選MARGARET DRABBLETHE WATERFALL瑪格麗特 德拉布爾水榭 18 DAPHNE DU MAURIERREBECCA 達(dá)芬尼 杜穆里埃呂蓓卡 19 GEORGE ELIOTMIDDLEMARCH米爾德瑪契E.M.FORSTERHOWARDSEND;A PASSAGE TO INDIA 愛摩福斯特 霍華茲莊園 通往印度之路JOHN FOWLESTHE FRENCH LIEUTENANT’S WOMAN約翰福爾斯 法國中尉的女人J0HN GALSWORTHYTHE MAN OF PROPERTY 約翰高爾斯華綏有產(chǎn)業(yè)的人WILLIAM GOLDINGLORD OF THE FLIES 威廉戈?duì)柖∠壨鮃RAHAM GREENETHE HUNAN FACTOR格雷厄姆 格林人的因素 25 THOMAS HARDYTESS OF THE D’URBERVILLES;JUDE THE OBSCUREALDOUS HUXLEYAFTERMANYASUMMER DIES THE SWAN 奧爾德斯赫胥黎幾度寒暑天鵝死JAMES JOYCEA PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST AS A YOUNG MAN28 CHARLES LAMBTALES FROMSHAKEPEARED.H LAWRENCESONS AND LOVERS;WOMAN IN LOVE;RAINBOW 30 PETER CAREYTHE SPY WHO CAME IN FROM THE COLD 從寒帶來的間諜

DORIS LESSINGTHE GRASS IS SINGING多麗斯萊辛、野草在歌唱 32DAVID LODGENICE WORK 戴維洛奇好作品

W.SOMERSET MAUGHAMTHE MOON AND SIXPENCE;OF HUMAN BONDGE威廉塞摩斯特 毛姆 人性的枷鎖

IRIS MURDOCHTHE BLACK PRINCE

35GEORGE ORWELLNINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR一九八四

SALMAN RUSHDIEMIDNIGHT CHILDREN薩爾曼拉什迪 午夜誕生的孩子The satanic verses

SIR WALTER SCOTTIVANHOE

C P SNOWTHE AFFAIR 查博斯諾 事件

MURIEL SPARKTHE PEIME OF MISS JEAN BRODIE穆里爾斯巴克 吉恩布勞迪小姐的盛期

ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSONTREASURE ISLAND

JONATHAN SWIFTGULLIVER’S TRAVELS

42WILLIAM.M.THACKERAYVANITY FAIR

EVELYN WAUGHA HANDFUL OF DUST 伊夫林沃 一捧塵土44 H.G.WELLSTHE INVISIBLE MAN

OSCAR WILDETHE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY

VIRGINIA WOOLFMRS DALLOWAY;TO THE LIGHTHOUSE 47 WUTHERING HEIGHTSEMILY BRONTE

TOM JONES ,A FOUNDLINGH.FIELDING

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S WORKS

American literature

1Sherwood AndersonWinesburg, Ohio 俄亥俄州的瓦恩斯堡

2James Baldwingo tell it on the mountain 向蒼天呼吁

3Saul Bellowseize the day 只爭朝夕;Henderson the rain king

4William S Burroughsthe naked lunch

5Willa Cathermy Antonia

6Kate Chopinthe awakening

7Stephen Cranethe red badge of courageTheodore Dreisersister carrie;an American tragedyRalph Ellisoninvisible manWilliam Faulknergo down, moses;the sound and the furyScott Fitzgeraldthe great GatsbyAlex HaleyrootsNathaniel Hawthornethe scarlet letterJoseph Hellercatch –22Ernest Hemingwaythe sun also rises;the old man and the seaJames Jonesfrom here to eternity

17Maxine Hong Kingstonthe woman warriorkurt vonnegutSlaughter-house fiveSinclair Lewismain streetJack Londonthe call of the wild;martin edenNorman Mailerthe naked and the deadCarson Mccullersthe heart is a lonely hunterJohn updikeRabbit,run;Rabbit redux;Rabbit is rich;Rabbit at restMargaret Nitchellgone with the windToni Morrisonthe bluest eyeVladimir NabokovlolitaFrank Norristhe octopusJ D Slingerthe catcher in the ryeErich Segalman ,woman and child30 Upton Sinclairthe jungle

John Steinbeckthe grapes o f wrath 32 Harriet Beecher Stoweuncle tom’s cabin 33 William Styronsophie’s choice

Mark Twainthe adventures of huckleberry finn 35 Alice Walkerthe color purple

Penn Warrenall the king’s men

Edith Whartonthe age of innocence 38 John barththe floating opera

Thomas Wolfelook homeward ,angel 40 Herman Woukthe winds of war

Richard Wrightnative son

Herman Melvillemoby dick

第三篇：英美文學(xué)史教學(xué)大綱

《英美文學(xué)史課程教學(xué)大綱》

一、課程基本情況 1.課程編號(hào)： 2.課程名稱： 3.總課時(shí)： 4.總學(xué)分： 5.開課時(shí)間： 6.適用專業(yè)：英語

7.課程類別：專業(yè)核心課 8.先修課程：

二、課程簡介

本課程由英國文學(xué)和美國文學(xué)兩個(gè)部分組成。主要內(nèi)容包括英美文學(xué)發(fā)展史及代表作家的簡要介紹。從英美兩國歷史、語言、文化發(fā)展的角度，簡要介紹英美兩國文學(xué)各個(gè)歷史斷代的主要?dú)v史背景，文學(xué)文化思潮，文學(xué)流派，社會(huì)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等對(duì)文學(xué)發(fā)展的影響，主要作家的文學(xué)生涯、創(chuàng)作思想、藝術(shù)特色及其代表作品的主題結(jié)構(gòu)、人物刻畫、語言風(fēng)格、思想意義等。

文學(xué)理論和文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的歷史過程是辯證發(fā)展的歷史過程。文學(xué)理論從歸納、推繹和描述走向指導(dǎo)是理論發(fā)展的基本要求。張漢熙編著的《英國文學(xué)簡史》及張穎編著的《美國文學(xué)簡史》以馬克思主義文學(xué)理論作為指導(dǎo)原則，對(duì)英美文學(xué)的發(fā)展過程作了較為客觀的系統(tǒng)而全面的研究和總結(jié)，清晰明白地理清了浩如煙海的文學(xué)作品、及文學(xué)理論的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。使用此教材，有利于以上課程教學(xué)性質(zhì)和目的的達(dá)成。

三、本課程與其他課程的關(guān)系

《英美文學(xué)史》課程是

年級(jí)《

》課程的延續(xù)，因而對(duì)學(xué)生的聽、說、讀、寫、譯等技能也提出了更高的培養(yǎng)要求?！?/p>

》的主要任務(wù)和目的是系統(tǒng)地傳授英語語音、語法、詞匯、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、語言功能等基礎(chǔ)語言知識(shí)，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解掌握一定的學(xué)習(xí)方法，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生聽、說、讀、寫、譯的語言基本技能，為進(jìn)入高年級(jí)學(xué)習(xí)打下扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。而《英美文學(xué)史》是高年級(jí)學(xué)生綜合技能向高層次發(fā)展的一門重要課程，它通過對(duì)英美兩國文學(xué)史上的重要名家、名著的介紹，讓學(xué)生清晰的了解兩國文學(xué)的演變過程，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)名篇的分析和欣賞能力、邏輯思維與獨(dú)立思考的能力，因而，《英美文學(xué)史》課程與同期開設(shè)的高級(jí)閱讀、翻譯和寫作等課程形成相互補(bǔ)充的關(guān)系。

四、教學(xué)目的、要求和方法 1.教學(xué)目的：

本課程旨在使學(xué)生對(duì)英美兩國文學(xué)形成與發(fā)展的歷程有較全面的了解；引導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解不同的文學(xué)思潮及流派的特點(diǎn)，熟知不同時(shí)期的作家、作品，并對(duì)各個(gè)時(shí)期的文學(xué)作品的寫作特點(diǎn)及文化和社會(huì)背景有較深刻的理解；并鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生通過對(duì)經(jīng)典原著的文本細(xì)讀，進(jìn)一步提高語言水平、從而更好地培養(yǎng)他們的英語語感，促進(jìn)語言運(yùn)用能力和人文素質(zhì)的提高，加深對(duì)文學(xué)本質(zhì)的把握與認(rèn)知，拓展西方文學(xué)及文化的知識(shí)面，同時(shí)提高人文學(xué)習(xí)的思辨能力與邏輯思維能力。

2.教學(xué)要求：

（1）提高獨(dú)立工作能力，學(xué)會(huì)查找有關(guān)參考書，會(huì)自己動(dòng)手寫注釋、做筆記。（2）培養(yǎng)分析、欣賞文學(xué)作品的能力。

（3）對(duì)兩國文學(xué)史上重要文學(xué)流派、名家、名著有清晰的了解。（4）了解兩國文學(xué)演變的基本規(guī)律。

（5）通過課程，大致了解不同時(shí)期英美兩國的歷史文化背景。

3.教學(xué)方法：

文學(xué)史是一門涵蓋面廣，知識(shí)含量大，跨學(xué)科的課程。教師課前應(yīng)仔細(xì)研讀教材的每一章節(jié)；課堂上應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)歷史背景與時(shí)期創(chuàng)作的結(jié)合，使其相得益彰。語言知識(shí)和語言能力的深化在專業(yè)知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過程中應(yīng)給予充分的重視，合理合時(shí)地進(jìn)行。老師的講解要精練準(zhǔn)確，學(xué)生要積極參與，認(rèn)真思考并參與教師所要求的課堂討論，教師應(yīng)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在課后對(duì)相關(guān)文學(xué)原著進(jìn)行閱讀和相應(yīng)的課程小論文的寫作。

五、教學(xué)內(nèi)容的重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn) 1.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：

通過介紹和分析英美文學(xué)史上的重要文學(xué)流派中的名家、名著，將文學(xué)史料和文學(xué)理論有機(jī)結(jié)合，理清并描述英美文學(xué)演變的過程，探討文學(xué)的發(fā)生、發(fā)展的基本規(guī)律，逐步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生總結(jié)歸納英美文學(xué)史上不同時(shí)期的作家寫作特點(diǎn)，掌握重要文學(xué)術(shù)語；并借以提高學(xué)生英語語言基本功，增進(jìn)學(xué)生對(duì)西方文學(xué)及文化的了解，培養(yǎng)其人文素質(zhì)。

2.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：

提高學(xué)生語言表達(dá)能力，邏輯思維和判斷評(píng)述能力，能了解英美兩國文學(xué)史上重要的文學(xué)流派、名家、名著，能對(duì)各個(gè)時(shí)期的名著進(jìn)行簡單的分析、鑒賞和評(píng)論。

六、課外作業(yè)

1)教材后的練習(xí)題 2)教師指定閱讀材料

3)視每單元內(nèi)容所定分配作業(yè)，如收集同義詞、收集課文相關(guān)知識(shí)、角色模擬等。

4）預(yù)習(xí)作業(yè)：

a.Pre-reading questions學(xué)生熟悉文章涉及的話題、內(nèi)容，為更好地學(xué)習(xí)文章做好準(zhǔn)備。

b.Dictionary work 安排學(xué)生自己先做好詞匯工作，為教師課堂講解做準(zhǔn)備。c.Library work 讓學(xué)生從相關(guān)的文獻(xiàn)資料中尋找相關(guān)的知識(shí)，以便進(jìn)一步拓展他們的知識(shí)面，并培養(yǎng)他們自我學(xué)習(xí)的能力。

七、課程考核

課程考核分為平時(shí)考核、階段考核和結(jié)課考核三部分。具體考核方式及分值比例如下：

平時(shí)考核：占總成績的20%（形式為出勤、課堂提問、檢查課堂筆記、作業(yè)等方式）

階段考核：占總成績的40%（形式為寫作、閉卷考試、情景表演）結(jié)課考核：占總成績的40%（形式為開卷筆試）

八、參考書目

1.《英語修辭格詳論》 李鑫華 上海外語教育出版社，2000年.2.《英國文學(xué)簡史》

劉炳善 長江大學(xué)出版社

3．《美國文學(xué)簡史》張穎

外語教學(xué)與研究出版社

第四篇：英美文學(xué)史復(fù)習(xí)筆記

英美文學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)

時(shí)期劃分

——Early & Medieval literature 包括The Anglo-Saxon Period 和The Anglo-Norman Period ——Renaissance 文藝復(fù)興

——Revolution & Restoration 資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命與王權(quán)復(fù)辟 ——Enlightenment 啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng) ——Romantic Period 浪漫主義時(shí)期 ——Critical Realism 批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義 ——20th Modernism 現(xiàn)代主義

傳統(tǒng)詩歌主題：nature, life, death, belief, time, youth, beauty, love, feelings of different kinds, reason(wisdom), moral lesson, morality.修辭名稱：meter格律, rhyme韻, sound assonance諧音, consonance和音, alliteration頭韻, form of poetry詩歌形式, allusion典故, foot音步, iamb抑揚(yáng)格, trochee揚(yáng)抑格, anapest抑抑揚(yáng)格, dactyl揚(yáng)抑抑格, pentameter五音步

文學(xué)體裁：詩歌poem,小說novel,戲劇novel起源：Christianity基督教Bible圣經(jīng)myth神話The Romance of king Arthur and his knights亞瑟王和他的騎士（筆記）

一、1、The Anglo-Saxon period(496-1066)這個(gè)時(shí)期的文學(xué)作品分類：（pagan異教徒）（Christian基督徒）

2、代表作：The song of Beowulf《貝奧武甫》(national epic)（民族史詩）采用了隱喻手法

3、Alliteration押頭韻（寫作手法）

例子：of man was the mildest and most beloved.To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise.二、The Anglo-Norman period(1066-1350)Canto 詩章 受到法國影響 English literature is also a combination of French and Saxon elements.1、romance傳奇文學(xué) Arthurian romances亞瑟王傳奇

2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight(高文爵士和綠衣騎士)是一首押頭韻的長詩 knighthood 騎士精神

三、Geoffrey Chaucer(1340-1400)杰弗里。喬叟 時(shí)期

1、the father of English poetry 英國文學(xué)之父

2、the heroic couplet 英雄雙韻體：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韻)lines in limbic pentameter(五步抑揚(yáng)格)AA BB CC DD EE

3、代表作masterpiece：The Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事（英國文學(xué)史的開端）大致內(nèi)容：the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups.朝圣者都是來自英國各地的人，代表著社會(huì)的各個(gè)不同階層和社會(huì)團(tuán)體

小說特點(diǎn)：each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character 這些敘述者以自己特色的方式講述自己的故事，無形中表明了各自的觀點(diǎn)，展示了各自的性格。

小說觀點(diǎn)：he believes in the right of man to earthly happiness.He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions(迷信)and a blind belief in fate(盲目地相信命運(yùn))他希望人們能從對(duì)迷信和對(duì)命運(yùn)的盲從中解脫出來。

4、Popular Ballads大眾民謠：a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed(筆記)Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission(書上)歌謠是匿名敘事歌曲，一直保存著口頭傳播的方式。代表人物：Bishop Thomas Percy 托馬斯。帕西主教 代表作：Robin Hood and Allina-Dale 羅賓漢和阿林代爾

四、The Renaissance(16世紀(jì))文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期（Greek and Roman）戲劇drama詩章canto The term Renaissance originally indicated a revival of classical(Greek and Roman)arts and sciences.文藝復(fù)興最初是指經(jīng)典藝術(shù)和科學(xué)在英國的復(fù)興。

The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development of English drama 文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的英國戲劇也得到了迅速的發(fā)展。

1、key word: humanism 人文主義：admire human beauty and human achievement

2、代表人物

1）、Thomas More 托馬斯。莫爾 Utopia烏托邦

2）、Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯。培根 第一個(gè)散文家（essayist）

Of Studies 論讀書

3)、Thomas Wyatt 托馬斯。懷亞特 引入十四行詩的第一人

Sonnet(十四行詩):form of poetry intricately rhymed(間隔押韻)in 14 lines iambic pentameter 4)、Edmund Spenser 埃德蒙。斯賓塞poet’s poet（詩人中的詩人）The Fairy Queen《仙后》(epic poem史詩)5）、Christopher Marlowe 克里斯托弗。馬洛

Blank verse（無韻體：不押韻的五步抑揚(yáng)格）是十六世紀(jì)英國戲劇的主要表現(xiàn)形式。6）、William Shakespeare 威廉姆。莎士比亞 戲劇 drama 四大悲?。篐amlet(哈姆雷特),Othello(奧賽羅)，King Lear(李爾王)，The Tragedy of Macbeth(麥克白)Sonnet十四行詩AB AB CD CD EF EF GG

五、The period of Revolution and Restoration(17世紀(jì))資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命與王權(quán)復(fù)辟 Prose 散文

In 1649 Charles I was be headed.被送上斷頭臺(tái) England became a commonwealth under the leadership of Oliver Cromwell.克倫威爾 這時(shí)期French Influence是特色

1、文學(xué)特點(diǎn)the Puritans（清教徒）believed in simplicity of life、disapproved of the sonnets and the love poetry、breaking up of old ideas.清教徒崇尚簡樸的生活、拒絕十四行詩和愛情詩、與舊思想脫離。

2、代表人物：

1）、John Donne 約翰。鄧恩“metaphysical”poets(玄學(xué)派詩人)的代表人物 Sonnet十四行詩 他的song: AB AB CC DDD Death be not proud(筆記)作品特點(diǎn)：①strike the reader in Donne’s extraordinary frankness and penetrating realism.（坦誠的態(tài)度和現(xiàn)實(shí)描繪）

②novelty of subject matter and point(新穎的題材和視角)③novelty of its form(新穎的形式)2）、John Milton約翰。彌爾頓 a great poet詩人（poem詩歌blank verse）

Defense for the English People為英國人辯護(hù)

Paradise Lost失樂園“Satan is not a villain”撒旦不是壞人 horrid crew 墮落天使

The poem Paradise Lost, consisting of TWELVE books, is marked for its intricate and contradictory composition.It is based on the biblical legend of the imaginary progenitors of the human race——Adam and Eve, and involves God and his eternal adversary, Satan in its plot.Paradise Regained復(fù)樂園

3）、John Bunyan 約翰。拜揚(yáng)a great prose writer“give us the only great allegory(寓言)”

Pilgrim’s Progress 天路歷程 prose 散文

該書采用的寫作手法“written in the old-fashioned(舊體形式)，medieval form of allegory(比喻)and dream”

六、The Age of Enlightenment(18世紀(jì))啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)

Whigs and Tories 輝格黨（自由liberal）和托利黨（保守conservative）

Addison, Steele, Defoe, Swift,——most of the great writers of the age were, on occasion, the willing servants of the Whigs or Tories.prose 散文 sentimentalism 感傷文學(xué) pre-romanticism早期浪漫主義 jack-of-all-trades全能手 radical激進(jìn)

1、Emphasized formality or correctness of style, to write prose like Addison, or verse like Pope.強(qiáng)調(diào)正確的格式和寫作規(guī)范，像艾迪生一樣創(chuàng)作散文，和蒲柏一樣創(chuàng)作詩歌。

The Enlightenment was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeoisie against feudalism.啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)世紀(jì)上是當(dāng)時(shí)先進(jìn)的資產(chǎn)階級(jí)同落后的封建主義斗爭的一種形式。

The enlighteners repudiate the false religious doctrines about the viciousness of human nature, and prove that man is born kind and honest, and if he becomes depraved, it is only due to the influence of corrupted social environment.啟蒙主義者顛覆了宗教所宣揚(yáng)的人類本惡的觀點(diǎn)；論證了人生誠實(shí)而友善，而腐化墮落則是后天腐敗的社會(huì)環(huán)境所致。

Contrary to all reasoning, social injustice still held strong, found the power of reason to be insufficient , and therefore appealed to sentiment as a means of achieving happiness and social justice.無論怎樣講究理性，社會(huì)不平等現(xiàn)象仍然普遍存在，理性的力量明顯不足。因此呼吁把情感的訴求作為一種謀求幸福和社會(huì)公平的手段。2、18th century 文學(xué)的三個(gè)方面

The reign of Classicism(古典主義的盛行)、revival of romantic poetry(浪漫主義的復(fù)興)、beginning of the modern novel(現(xiàn)代主義的興起)

3、代表人物：

1）、Denial Defoe 丹尼爾。笛福realistic novel現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說 他爸叫Foe Novel: Robinson Crusoe魯濱遜漂流記Jonathan Wild喬納森。威爾德Moll Flanders摩爾。弗蘭德斯

2）、Henry Fielding亨利。菲爾丁father of modern fiction(現(xiàn)代小說之父)Joseph Andrews約瑟夫。安德魯斯受到了理查森的《帕美勒》的啟發(fā)

作家之間的不同：Richardson---no humor, minces words, moralizes.不幽默，咬文嚼字，說教

Fielding---direct, vigorous, hilarious, and coarse to the point of vulgarity, full of animal spirits, tells the story of a vagabond life語音直接、生動(dòng)、歡快、粗糙，甚至有點(diǎn)俗，精神煥發(fā)，講述流浪者的故事。

The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling棄兒湯姆瓊斯的故事the best novel of him.joiner接骨師

3)、Jonathan Swift喬納森。斯威夫特 諷刺作家

Gulliver’s Travels格列佛游記novel反諷 Lilliput小人國

作品特點(diǎn)：no visible sign of anger, nor raising the voice;the tone is cold, restrained, ironic, varied only by some flashes of fooling when Swift’s sense of the ridiculous gets the better of him.怒不動(dòng)顏，罵不揚(yáng)聲，語調(diào)冷酷，鋒芒暗藏，諷刺辛辣，僅在諷喻之情難以抑制時(shí)才偶露揶揄之態(tài)。

A Modest Proposal 一個(gè)溫和的建議

4）、Samuel Richardson塞繆爾。理查森

Pamela帕美勒The method of psychological analysis心理分析的方法 In the form of letters書信體小說

5）、Richard B.Sheridan理查德。B。謝爾丹

School of Scandal造謠學(xué)校，喜劇comedy 6)、Oliver Goldsmith’s奧利弗。戈?duì)柕率访芩?散文作家essayist The Vicar of Wakefield威克菲爾德的牧師，小說novel The Deserted Village 荒村，詩歌poems 7）、Joseph Addison艾迪生

The Spectator and The Tatler are the first important recognitions by literature of the special interests of women readers.1.Sentimentalism感傷主義 no belief沒有信仰

The representatives of sentimentalism continued to struggle against feudalism but they vaguely sensed at the same time the contradictions of bourgeois progress that brought with it enslavement and ruin to the people.感傷主義的代表人物在繼續(xù)反對(duì)封建主義的同時(shí)又模糊的感覺到資本主義進(jìn)程中出現(xiàn)的種種矛盾，感覺到資本主義制度對(duì)人性的奴役和破壞。

代表人物：Thomas Gray 托馬斯。格雷 Elegy, Written in a Country Churchyard 墓園挽歌---the best known poem in the English language

七、the Romantic Period(1798-1832)浪漫主義

the time begins with the publication of Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads(1798), ending with Walter Scott’s death(1832).散文prose

1、前浪漫主義代表人物：William Blake威廉。布萊克 詩人poet代表作The Tiger Robert Burns羅伯特。彭斯蘇格蘭詩人poet Pre-Romanticism was greatly influenced by the Industrial revolution and the French Revolution 前浪漫主義極大地影響了工業(yè)革命和法國大革命。

2、教育意義Educational: liberty, equality and fraternity自由，平等，博愛

3、開始的標(biāo)志：beginning with the publication of William Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads

從華茲華斯發(fā)表的“抒情歌謠”開始

4、lake poet 湖畔詩人：Coleridge Southey Wordsworth威廉。華茲華斯poet-laureate桂冠詩人

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud

The Prelude 序曲 自傳性詩歌Autobiographical poetry With S.T Coleridge, they jointly published the “Lyrical Ballads”,與S.T.Coleridge一起聯(lián)合發(fā)表了“抒情民謠”

作品特點(diǎn)：simplicity and purity of the language, fighting against the conventional forms of the 18th century poetry 簡單而純潔的語言，反傳統(tǒng)形式的18世紀(jì)詩歌 2）、Lord Byron 拜倫 革命黨人

Childe Harold Pilgrimage 查爾德。哈羅德游記cantos詩章

成名作：Don Juan唐璜poem 詩 satiric masterpiece 諷刺的杰作

Hours of Idleness閑散時(shí)刻 poem詩the first volume of poem首卷詩

3）、Percy Bysshe Shelley雪萊

Prometheus Unbound解放的普羅米修斯 戲劇 Ode to the West Wind西風(fēng)頌poem詩

西風(fēng)頌的韻：ABA BCB CDC DED EE To A Sky-Lark致云雀 4）、John Keats濟(jì)慈 詩人

The Eve of St.Agnes 圣啊格良斯之夜 poem Ode to a Nightingale 致夜鶯 poem Beauty is truth, truth beauty.美學(xué)原則 5）、Walter Scott 沃特。斯科特 Historical novel王朝小說

Ivanhoe 艾凡赫

He is the creator and a great master of the historical novel.他是創(chuàng)造者和歷史小說大師

6）、Jane Austen 簡。奧斯丁 女 Pride and Prejudice 傲慢與偏見

Sense and Sensibility 理智與情感

Emma 愛瑪

寫作特點(diǎn)：the love-making of her young people, though serious and Sympathetic, is subdued by humor to the ordinary plane of emotion on which deals with unimportant middleclass people.她是中產(chǎn)階級(jí)小說的發(fā)起人。7）、Charles Lamb 查爾斯。蘭伯essayist 散文家

6、十九世紀(jì)散文的特點(diǎn)：In the first of these two periods Addison and Steele socialized the essay, so to speak;they brought it into everyday life and made it familiar and delightful to the multitude.在這兩個(gè)時(shí)期的開始，艾迪生和斯蒂爾的社會(huì)散文把散文帶入日常生活，并使其熟悉和令人愉快。Early in the nineteenth century it became more definitely a means of intimate self-expression.在十九世紀(jì)前期，散文變得對(duì)自我的表達(dá)越來越肯定。

八、Critical Realism批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義，The Victorian Period 維多利亞時(shí)期Humanism人文主義Chartism憲章運(yùn)動(dòng)

1、意義：Chartism signified the first great political movement of the proletariat in English history.在英國的歷史中，憲章運(yùn)動(dòng)是偉大的無產(chǎn)階級(jí)政治運(yùn)動(dòng)。

2、代表人物：

1）、Charles Dickens狄更斯

Hard Times 艱難時(shí)刻 Pickwick Papers匹克威客外傳Oliver Twist霧都孤兒A Tale of Two Cities雙城記（描述了法國大革命French Revolution）Nicholas Nickleby , Master Humphrey’s Clock ,The Old Curiosity Shop,老古玩店 Barnaby Rudge, American Notes,美國筆記 A Christmas Carol,圣誕頌歌 David Copperfield,大衛(wèi)?？撇ǚ茽柕?Household Words, Bleak House,荒涼山莊，Hard Times，艱難時(shí)刻Our Mutual Friend,我們共同的朋友

特點(diǎn)：describing the misery and sufferings of common people描述苦難和苦難的群眾

2）、Charlotte Bronte 夏洛特。勃朗特 女 Shirley雪利 Jane Eye簡愛

Emily Bronte艾米麗。勃朗特 Wuthering Heights呼嘯山莊（主人公：Mr.Heathcliff）特點(diǎn)：brought to the novel an introspection and an intense concentration on the inner life of emotion which before them had been the province of poetry alone.3)、Mr.Gaskell Mary Barton, North and South瑪麗巴頓，北方和南方

4）、William Makepeace Thackeray :Vanity Fair名利場----this title was borrowed by Thackeray from The Pilgrim’s Progress by Bunyan.Thackeray draws a broad panorama of social life in his novel, ruthlessly criticizing money worship, cruelty and unscrupulousness.在他的小說中描述了廣闊的社會(huì)生活，無情抨擊了殘酷和不擇手段的拜金主義人物：Rebecca Sharp---a perfect embodiment of the spirit of Vanity Fair as her only aspiration in life is to gain wealth and position by and means.唯一的愿望：人生就是在名利場中，完美的獲取財(cái)富和地位的手段。特點(diǎn)：novels mainly contain a satirical portrayal of the upper strata of society.小說是一個(gè)含有諷刺意味的上流社會(huì)寫照。5）、George Eliot喬治。艾略特 女

Adam Bede novel, The mill on the floss, Middlemarch.Her preoccupation was always with the serious consideration of the moral position of the individual in the universe, but her psychological insight into the development of character.她最認(rèn)真考慮的是個(gè)人的道德立場，但是她的心洞察了個(gè)性的發(fā)展。

特點(diǎn)：the significance of G.Eliot’s work lies in the portrayal of the pettiness and stagnancy of English provincial life.艾略特寫作的意義在于瑣碎的描繪和英國生活的停滯。

3、桂冠詩人(poet-laureate): 1)、Alfred，Lord Tennyson唐納森

Break, Break, Break破，破，破 Crossing the Bar過沙洲

2)、Robert Browning My Last Duchess 已故的公爵夫人 Jealous嫉妒Stingy小氣。Home-Thoughts, from Abroad異國情思

貢獻(xiàn)：dramatic monologues戲劇獨(dú)白dramatic lyrics戲劇抒情詩dramatic romances戲劇傳奇

九、The transition from 19th to 20th century in English literature 19世紀(jì)到20世紀(jì)英國文學(xué)的過渡期

1、Aestheticism唯美主義“art for art’s sake”為藝術(shù)而藝術(shù)

2、代表人物 1）、Thomas Hardy 悲觀主義者Pessimists，Tess of the D’Urbervilles 苔絲 Jude the obscure裘德 novel 特點(diǎn)：His career is thus divided sharply between his Victorian novels and his post-Victorian poetry.他的生涯就是他的小說和他的后維多利亞詩歌之間的尖銳分歧。2）、Oscar Wilde“art for art’s sake”為藝術(shù)而藝術(shù)The picture of…… ……的畫像 3）、George Bernard Shaw 蕭伯納 劇作家（playwright）Mrs.Warren’s profession華萊夫人的職業(yè)

4）、D.H Lawrence 勞倫斯 Lady Chatterley’s lover查泰來夫人的情人

The Rainbow彩虹Sons and Lovers兒子與情人(戀母情結(jié))

3、“stream of consciousness” 意識(shí)流代表人物

1）、Virginia Woolf 弗吉尼亞。沃爾夫 Mrs.Dalloway, A Room of one’s Own Woolf was much concerned with the position of woman.非常重視婦女的地位 2）、James Joyce :Ulysses伊利斯

His masterpiece Ulysses was banned in both Britain and America on its first appearance in 1922.

第五篇：英美文學(xué)史 重要作家作品

English Literature ——The beginning period of English literature Chaucer, the first important writer in English history Beowulf, the most impressive long poem in Old English, was created around A.D.700;it is believed written by a Danish cleric.14th C England, three major poets: Geoffrey Chaucer, William Langland, and the anonymous “Gawain-poet”

Chaucer is the father of modern English poetry.His first major work: The Book of the Duchess

his monumental success: The Canterbury Tales（砍特博雷故事集）

William Langland, “Piers Plowman”

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, one of the most out standing poems in medieval English literature, was not focusing on real human life and character.——The glory of poetry: From Sidney to Pope Five great poets: Shakespeare, Spenser, Sidney, Donne, Milton

Philip Sidney(菲利普·西德尼), best represented the spirit of the Elizabeth Age.The famous words:” Thy need is greater than mine.”

His major achievement as a poet: Astrophel and Stella

Others: Defense of Poetry(詩辯), An Apology for Poetry Edmund Spencer(斯賓塞): The Faerie Queen(仙后), his great allegory

The Shepheardes Calendar(牧羊人的日記)

Amoretti(愛情小詩)Shakespeare: Sonnets---represent the finest poetic craftsmanship of Elizabethan poetry.He was the most distinguished practitioner of the English sonnet during the Elizabethan Age.John Donne(多恩)---a metaphysical poet(玄學(xué)派);Holy Sonnets

Other metaphysical poets of his time: George Herbert, Richard Crashaw, Henry Vaughan John Milton(彌爾頓): Paradise Lost is his masterpiece and one of the greatest poems in world literature.Paradise Regained, Samson Agonistes(drama)John Dryden(德萊頓)as a poet---the neoclassicists(新古典主義)Alexander Pope(亞歷山大·薄柏): He brought the heroic couplet

His first important poem, An Essay on Criticism

His most famous poem, The Rape of the Lock

——The golden age of English drama The Elizabethan Age is the age of sonnets, and the age of drama.Christopher Marlowe(克里斯托弗·馬洛), he is the most outstanding dramatist among the group “University Wits”.He is acknowledged as the greatest tragedy writer before William Shakespeare.The Tragical History of Doctor Eaustus(浮士德醫(yī)生)

The Jew of Malta(馬耳他島的猶太人)William Shakespeare’s dramatic career can be divided into four periods Ben Jonson: Volpone or the Fox, The Alchemist John Webster: The White Devil and The Duchess of Malfi

——The beauty of Prose: From Malory to Pepys King Alfred’s Anglo Saxon Chronicle(編年史)is considered the beginning of English prose.Thomas Malory: Le Morte D’Arthur---a landmark achievement in this field

17th.C, great prose writers: Francis Bacon, Thomas Browne, Samuel Pepys

Milton’s Areopagitica(為英國人民申辯);

The Bible of King James Version---the noblest monument of English prose Francis Bacon: Essays---he became the first English “essayist”

——The rise of the novel

Pamela(帕米拉), the first mature English novel----English novels before 18th C John Bunyan(班揚(yáng)): masterpiece, The Pilgrim’s Progress(天路歷程)----The rise of the novel in 18th C Daniel Defoe: The Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe Jonathan Swift: Gulliver’s Travels(格列佛游記)----The maturity of the novel Samuel Richardson: the founder of the English domestic novel

Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded---the first English novel Henry Fielding: Tom Thumb---the most popular play Joseph Andrews(約瑟夫·安德魯斯)The life of Mr.Jonathan Wild the Great The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling---ranks high Amelia---his last novel Tobias Smollett: The Adventures of Roderick Random(藍(lán)登傳)

The Expedition of Humphry Clinker(漢弗萊·克林克歷險(xiǎn)記)Laurence Sterne: The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy(項(xiàng)狄傳)，A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy(感傷的旅行)

——A false world: English drama from Dryden to Sheridan John Dryden---the leading literary figure in the Restoration period----Drama in 18th C John Gay(約翰·蓋伊): The Beggar’s Opera(乞丐歌劇)Oliver Goldsmith(哥爾斯密): The Deserted Village(荒蕪的村莊)

The Vicar of Wakefield(威克菲爾德的牧師)

She Stoops to Conquer(委曲求全)Richard Brinsley Sheridan---the greatest dramatist of the century

The Rivals(對(duì)手)

The School for Scandal(造謠學(xué)校)---the best of his plays

——Emotion and Nature in Romantic Poetry William Blake and Robert Burns were the two notable forerunners of romantic poetry.William Blake: Songs of Innocence(天真之歌)

Songs of Experience(經(jīng)驗(yàn)之歌)

Marriage of Heaven and Hell

Robert Burns: Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect(蘇格蘭方言詩集)

A Red, Red Rose

Auld Lang Syne(友誼地久天長)William Wordsworth: The Prelude(序曲)

The Solitary Reaper

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud

Samuel Taylor Coleridge: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner(老船夫)George Gordon, Lord Byron(拜倫): Don Juan(唐璜)Percy Bysshe Shelley(雪萊): Prometheus Unbound---his masterpiece

Ode to the West Wind(西風(fēng)頌)John Keats(濟(jì)慈): Hyperion and The Fall of Hyperion

Ode to Autumn;Ode on a Grecian Urn;Ode to a Nightingale

——Female novelists in 19 C England

thJane Austen: Pride and Prejudice(傲慢與偏見)

Sense and Sensibility(理智與情感)

Persuasion(勸說)

Mansfield Park(曼斯菲爾德公園)

Emma(愛瑪)

Northanger Abbey(諾桑覺寺)Mary Shelley: Frankenstein Charlotte Bronte: Jane Eyre(簡愛)Emily Bronte: Wuthering Heights(呼嘯山莊)Anne Bronte: Agnes Grey George Eliot: Silas Marner(織工馬南);Adam Bede(瑪麗·巴頓)

Middlemarch(米德爾馬契)

——Social images in 19 C English novels

thCharles John Huffam Dickens(狄更斯): Pickwick Papers(匹克威克外傳)

Oliver Twist(霧都孤兒);David Copperfield(大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾)

The Old Curiosity Shop(老古玩店);Dombey and Son(董貝父子)

Bleak House(荒涼山莊);Hard Times(艱難時(shí)事)

Little Dorritt(小杜麗);A Tale of Two Cites(雙城記)

Great Expectations(遠(yuǎn)大前程)William Makepeace Thackeray(薩克雷): Vanity Fair(名利場)Thomas Hardy(托馬斯·哈代): Tess of the D’Urbervilles(德伯家的苔絲)

Jude the Obscure(無名的裘德)

Far from the Madding Crowd(遠(yuǎn)離塵囂)

The Return of the Native(還鄉(xiāng))

——English prose in 18 C and 19 C----18th.C prose

th

thSamuel Johnson---his death marked the end of the Age of Reason

Life of Johnson

The Oxford English Dictionary

Thomas Carlyle(卡萊爾): The French Revolution

Past and Present

——Various Moods in 19.C English poetry

thAlfred, Lord Tennyson---the most prolific poet of the age

In Memoriam;Idylls of the King Robert Browning: The Ring and the Book---masterpiece

Dramatis Personae

Dramatic Monologue(戲劇獨(dú)白)

——Major novelists in the late 19 and 20 C

th

thJoseph Conrad(康拉德)---p329 John Galsworthy(高爾斯華)---p335

Nobel Prize

H.G.(Herbert George)Wells(威爾斯): The Time Machine(時(shí)間機(jī)器)

The Invisible Man(隱身人)

The War of the Worlds

A Modern Utopia

——The stream of consciousness novels Virginia Woolf(沃爾夫): Mrs.Dalloway(達(dá)洛衛(wèi)夫人)

To the Lighthouse

Orlando , A Biography(奧蘭多傳)

The Waves(浪)James Joyce(喬伊斯): Ulysses(尤利西斯)

A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man(一個(gè)青年藝術(shù)家的肖像)

Finnegans Wake

——The new poetry in 20 C

thWilliam Butler Yeats(威廉·巴特勒·葉芝)---p372

Nobel Prize T.S.Eliot---the most influential poet of the 20th C

The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock---one of his most famous poems

The Waste Land(荒原)---his monumental success

Murder in the Cathedral(大教堂兇殺案)

The Cocktail Party---drama

He won the Nobel Prize in 1948

——20 C novels before 1950 thDavid Herbert Lawrence(勞倫斯): Sons and Lovers(兒子與情人)

The Rainbow

Women in Love

William Somerset Maugham: Of Human Bondage

The Moon and Sixpence

Cakes and Ale

The Razor’s Edge

Katherine Mansfield: The Garden Party and Other Stories George Orwell(喬治·奧威爾): Animal Farm(動(dòng)物莊園)

Nineteen Eight-four(一九八四)

——Despair and Absurdity in contemporary English drama John Osborne(約翰·奧斯朋): Look Back in Anger(憤怒中回顧)Samuel Beckett(賽繆爾·貝克特)---a forerunner of the theater of the absurd

Waiting for Godot(等待戈多)

Nobel Prize in 1969

——Diversified topics in contemporary English novels William Golding(戈?duì)柖?: Lord of the Flies(蠅王)

The Inheritors(繼承人)

He won the Nobel Prize in 1983 Kingsley Amis(艾米斯·金斯利): Lucky Jim(幸運(yùn)的吉姆)

Under the Net(網(wǎng)之下)Doris Lessing: The Golden Notebook(金色筆記)

She won the Nobel Prize in 2007

American Literature ——American Romanticism

American literature achieved maturity in the 19th C.----Early Romanticism Washington Irving(華盛頓·歐文): Rip Van Winkle---p73 James Fenimore Cooper(詹姆斯·費(fèi)尼莫爾·庫柏): the series if five novels

The Deerslayer(殺鹿人);The Last of the Mohicans(最后的莫希干人);The Pathfinder(探路者);The Pioneers(拓荒者);The Prairie(草原)----Transcendentalism and Symbolic Representation Ralph Waldo Emerson(拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生)---the most representative Transcendentalist---p88

Nature;The American Scholar Henry David Thoreau(亨利·戴維·梭羅): Walden

The essay “Civil Disobedience”----Interrogation Innocence Nathaniel Hawthorne(納撒尼爾·霍桑): The Scarlet Letter---the first great American novel Herman Melville(赫爾曼·梅爾維爾): Moby-Dick(白鯨)Edgar Allan Poe(愛倫·坡)---p114----Whitman and Dickinson Walt Whitman(沃爾特·惠特曼): Leaves of Grass(草葉集)Emily Dickinson---p127----A House Divided: Writing against slavery Harriet Beecher Stowe: Uncle Tom’s Cabin(湯姆叔叔的小屋)Frederick Douglass: Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave

——American Realism----Regional and Local color writings Mark Twain(馬克·吐溫)---the greatest humorist in the 19th C

The Gilded Age(鍍金時(shí)代)The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Henry James---p155----Literary Naturalism Stephen Crane: Maggie;The Red Badge of Courage

----women writing in the women question Kate Chopin: The Awakening(覺醒)---p176

——American Modernism----The evolution of modernism Willa Cather(薇拉·凱瑟)---p203----American modernism in Europe Ezra Pound(埃茲拉·龐德): Cantos(詩章);Personae(人物)----Modern fiction between the wars William Faulkner(威廉·弗克那): The Sound and the Fury(喧囂與騷動(dòng))

Light in August(八月之光)

Go down, Moses

He won the Nobel Prize in 1949---p225 Ernest Hemingway(海明威): The Old Man and Sea(老人與海)

The Sun Also Rises(太陽照樣升起)

He won the Nobel Prize in 1954---p234 F.Scott Fitzgerald(弗·斯哥特·菲茨杰拉德): The Great Gatsby(了不起的蓋茨比);Tender is the Night(夜色溫柔)----Modern American Poetry T.S.Eliot(艾略特)---p247 William Carols Williams(威廉姆斯): The Red Wheelbarrow(手推車)

Paterson

E.E.Cummings(肯明斯): Him;Santa Claus;A Morality

----African American literature and modernism Jean Toomer(圖默): Cane(公民凱恩)Langston Hughes(蘭斯頓·休斯): The Negro Speaks of Rivers

Zora Neale Hurston(佐拉·尼爾·赫斯頓): Their Eyes Were Watching God(他們在觀望上帝)Richard Wright(理查德·賴特): Native Son(土生子)

Invisible Man(隱形人)

The Man Who Lived Underground

——American literature diversified: From 1945to the 21 C----literature diversified under new conditions Existentialism---p272 Postmodernism---p273----American theatre: Three major playwrights

stEugene O’Neill(尤金·奧尼爾)---American’s first dramatist of world stature

He won four Pulitzer prizes, and won the Nobel Prize in1936.Tennessee Williams(田納西·威廉姆斯): A Streetcar Named Desire(欲望號(hào)街車);Glass Menagerie(玻璃動(dòng)物園)Arthur Miller(阿瑟·米勒): Death of a Salesman(推銷員之死)

The Crucible----Major fiction writers: 1945 till 1960s Saul Bellow---a leading novelist in post-World WarⅡAmerica

He won the Nobel Prize in 1976.----Poetic tendencies since 1945 Allen Ginsberg---p322----Contemporary multiethnic literature

African American, Asian American, Native American, Latino literature Toni Morrison---contemporary African American novelist

Winner of the 1993 Nobel Prize in Literature Maxine Hong Kingston---Asian American novelist---p343 Amy Tan---Asian American novelist

The Joy Luck Club---p345