第一篇：高中英語語法主語從句講解及練習(xí)
主語從句
一、概述：在句子中起名詞作用的各種從句統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。根據(jù)它們?cè)诰渲械恼Z法作用，這類從句又可分為主語從句、同位語從句、表語從句和賓語從句。
二.主語從句主要有四類：
（1）由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句:引導(dǎo)詞that無含義/在句中不做成分/不可以省。例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.That you are so indifferent bothers me.That she survived the accident is a miracle.（2）用連詞 whether 引導(dǎo)的主語從句: whether有含義(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。
注意：引導(dǎo)主語從句，不能用if，只能用whether。
例如：Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.（3）用連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句
在由連接代詞who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句中，其連接代詞在句中起名詞性作用，擔(dān)當(dāng)一定成分.例如：What you need is more practice.What I want to know is this.Whatever we do is to serve the people.注：whatever / whoever的功用
whatever, whoever在主語從句中不含疑問意義。它引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在從句中作主語、賓語、表語等。
whatever = anything that;whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句的區(qū)別。
如：
Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主語從句）
（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.）
Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished.（讓步狀語從句）
（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.）
（4）用連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句(其連接副詞有含義,在句中作狀語。)例如:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.三.注意點(diǎn): it構(gòu)成的主語從句
（1）由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，在大多數(shù)情況下會(huì)放到句子的后面，而用代詞it作形式主語。例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.When the plane is to take off has not been announced.= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.(但當(dāng)what引導(dǎo)的主語從句表示“?的東西”時(shí)，一般不用it作形式主語。)錯(cuò):It is a book what he wants.對(duì):What he wants is a book.另外，需要注意的是，it作形式主語代替主語從句時(shí)，要注意和as引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別。試比較：
It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack.As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack.（2）常見用it作形式主語的復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu) It is +名詞+從句
It is a fact that? 事實(shí)是??
It is good news that ? ??是好消息 It is a question that ? ??是個(gè)問題 It is common knowledge that ? ??是常識(shí)
類似的名詞還有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。例如：It is a mystery to me how it all happened.It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.It’s a pity that you missed the film. It is +形容詞+從句
It is necessary that ? 有必要?? It is clear that ? 很清楚?? It is likely that ? 很可能??
It is important that ? 重要的是??
類似的形容詞還有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing, etc.例如：It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you.It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.It is necessary that you（should）master the computer.It is important that a student learn English well.It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon.需要注意的是，這類主語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞很多為“（should）＋動(dòng)詞原形”，即要用虛擬語氣。
It is reported that ? 據(jù)報(bào)道?? It has been proved that ? 已證明?? It must be proved that? 必須指出??
類似的過去分詞還有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;made clear;found out,etc.例如：It is thought that he is the best player.It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.It is said that he was killed in the earthquake.
It seems that they will win the game.It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.It does not matter if I missed my train.It happened that I saw him yesterday.主從練習(xí)
1._____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.A.The estimate
B.The estimated
C.They are estimated
D.It is estimated that 2._____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.A.Which
B.Since
C.Although
D.How
3._____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.A.Whoever
B.Whatever
C.However
D.That
4._____ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.A.For the reason that he is
B.Just because he is
C.The reason of being
D.That he is
5.Although ___ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.A.which
B.what
C.how
D.it 6._____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.A.That occurred to her
B.She occurred that
C.To her that occurred
D.It occurred to her that 7.I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.A.which
B.all
C.this
D.what 8.We lost our way in the forest, and ____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.A.that
B.which
C.it
D.What 9._____ or not is still uncertain.A.He’s coming
B.If he is coming
C.That coming
D.Whether he’s coming 10.It’s _____ he’ll be able to come.A.doubt whether B.doubtful
C.doubt it
D.doubtful whether 11.______ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet
suburb, Dick’s life is tied to machines.A.Whether
B.Till
C.If
D.Unless 12._____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.A.That
B.When
C.What
D.Which 13._____ is warm sunshine.A.What do we all need.B.What all we need
C.What we need
D.What we all need 14._____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.A.What
B.That
C.He
D.It 15._____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and early history of the moon.A.Remarkable
B.Quite remarkably
C.It is remarkable that
D.It is remarkable fact that 16._____ you nominate will be elected.A.Who
B.Whom
C.Whomever
D.That’s 17._____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.A.What
B.Which
C.Whichever
D.That’s 18._____ of us gets home first starts cooking.A.Who
B.Which
C.Whichever
D.Anyone
1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 2.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for 3.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not known 4.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.Being a few minutes late 5.________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.A.That?that you had expected B.What ?that you had expected C.That?what you had expected D.What?what you had expected 6.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A.If...do B.That...do C.If...does D.That...does 7.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 8.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A.if B.that C.whether D.how 9.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.That B.What C.How D.Which 10.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.A.What, what B.What, that C.That, that D.That, what 11.____ you don't like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 12..____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 13._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A.That B.Why C.How D.Who 14._______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A.When B.Why C.What D.That 15.______he won't go there is clear to all of us.A.How B.What C.Why D.This 16.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A.If B.Where C.That D.What 17._______you come or not is up to you.A.What B.If C.Why D.Whether 18._______makes mistakes must correct them.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.Anybody 19._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A.Which B.That C.If D.How 20.Who is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A.that B.where C.which D.the one 21.Is this factory you visited the other day? A.that B.where C.in which D.the one 22.________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who
表語從句
1、概述
用作表語的從句叫作表語從句，它位于主句中的連系動(dòng)詞之后。引導(dǎo)表語從句的詞有從屬連詞that、whether、as though(if)；關(guān)系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。可以接表語從句的連系動(dòng)詞由be, look, remain, seem等。That引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，在口語中，間或可以省略。
The trouble is that we are short of money.困難是我們資金短缺。
That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.這就是為什么在新英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。
At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.當(dāng)時(shí),我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃怼?/p>
2、由從屬連詞that，whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句。
that在引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)無詞義，而whether有詞義，意為、“是否”。這時(shí)主句的主語常常是些抽象名詞，如question(問題)，trouble(麻煩)，problem(問題)，result(結(jié)果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建議)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表語從句對(duì)主句主語進(jìn)行說明、解釋，使主語的內(nèi)容具體化。
The trouble is(that)she has lost his money.麻煩的事是他丟了錢。
The question is whether we need more ice cream.問題是我們是否還需要一些冰淇淋。The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.問題是它作為日常之用太貴重了。
What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.我們不能理解越來越少的學(xué)生對(duì)他的課不感興趣。
3、由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。
關(guān)系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引導(dǎo)表語從句，在句中作主語、賓語、表語，關(guān)系代詞不能省略。The question is which of us should go.問題是我們哪一個(gè)應(yīng)該去。The problem was who could do the work.問題是誰能做這項(xiàng)工作。That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在擔(dān)心的事。That's what we should do.那是我們應(yīng)該做的。
4、由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。
Go and get your coat.It's where you left it.去把雨衣拿來。就在你原來放的地方。I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That’s why I got wet through.我們既沒傘也沒雨衣，這是我們淋濕的原因。
That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎樣每年損害大量糧食的。
That is what he is worried about.那就是他所擔(dān)心的。
5、由連詞because，as if/as though等引導(dǎo)的表語從句。
It looked as if it was going to snow.看起來好像要下雪了。
That's because we never thought of it.這是因?yàn)槲覀儚奈聪脒^此事。It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.好像他不知道答案?？梢越颖碚Z從句的系動(dòng)詞有：
1：be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell 3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay 4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run, fall 5: prove, turn out 系動(dòng)詞的固定搭配: come true, fall asleep, fall ill, go bad, come right, run wild 連接詞：that / whether /as if /as though(if不引導(dǎo)表語從句)連接代詞：who / whom / whose / which / what 連接副詞：when / where / why / how / because 注：引導(dǎo)表語從句的連詞that間或可以省略。
The truth is（that）I didn't go there.事實(shí)是我沒去那兒。
［考題1］ The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.A.when B.why C.whether D.that
［答案］ D
［解析］ 下劃線處之后是包含一個(gè)原因狀語從句的表語從句，如果看不出它是充當(dāng)整個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的表語從句將難以把握整個(gè)句子的意思。因此，應(yīng)選擇可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句且不充當(dāng)任何成分的that。
［考題2］ You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.A.why B.where C.what D.how
［答案］ B
［解析］ 下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)系動(dòng)詞is后的表語從句并在該表語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(“disagree”屬于不及物動(dòng)詞，“I disagree”本身是完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu))，下劃線應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞where，表語從句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之處、我不同意的地方”。
［考題3］ — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.— Is that ____ you had a few days off?
A.why B.when C.what D.where
［答案］ A
［解析］ 下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)與系動(dòng)詞is連用的表語從句并在該表語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語，下劃線應(yīng)填入表示“因此??”(指因某種原因所造成的結(jié)果)的引導(dǎo)詞why。
［考題4］ ____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that
［答案］ A
［解析］ 第一個(gè)下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語從句并在該主語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，特指她所不理解的事情，應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞what； 第二個(gè)下劃線處表示“因此??”(指因某種原因所造成的后果，由why引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句)而不是“為什么??”(指原因、理由，由because引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句)，應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞why。
［考題5］ ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.A.What;because B.What;that
C.That;what D.That;because
［答案］ B
［解析］ 第一個(gè)下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語從句并在該主語從句中充當(dāng)主語，特指令校方驕傲的事情，應(yīng)選用關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞what； 第二個(gè)下劃線處引導(dǎo)表語從句表示原因、理由，應(yīng)由that引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句。
［考題6］ — Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
— Oh, that’s ____.A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about
C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited
［答案］ A
［解析］ A選項(xiàng)的意思是“令我感覺激動(dòng)的事物”； B選項(xiàng)的意思是“我覺得激動(dòng)的任何事物”； C選項(xiàng)的意思是“我對(duì)它感覺的方式”； D選項(xiàng)的意思是“令我感覺激動(dòng)的時(shí)間”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中A最適合跟代表“game”的主語that對(duì)應(yīng)，充當(dāng)表語從句。
表語從句與賓語從句的關(guān)系
不屬于的
賓語從句和表語從句都屬于名詞性從句。其作用跟名詞在句中的作用相同。故充當(dāng)賓語的句子叫賓語從句，充當(dāng)表語的句子叫表語從句。
賓語從句
(1)對(duì)于賓語從句要掌握以下三點(diǎn)
①語序: 從句的語序必須是陳述句語序, 即“主語 + 謂語”這種形式。
②時(shí)態(tài): 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)的時(shí)候, 從句可以是任何時(shí)態(tài), 而當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)候, 從句, 從句時(shí)態(tài)必須是過去時(shí)范圍的時(shí)態(tài), 即(一般過去時(shí), 過去進(jìn)行時(shí), 過去完成時(shí), 過去將來時(shí))。
③連接詞: 當(dāng)從句意思完整, 主句意思肯定時(shí), 連接詞用that, 且可以省去, 當(dāng)從句意思完整, 主句意思不確定或含否定含意時(shí), 常用if或whether(是否), 當(dāng)從句意思不完整時(shí), 連接詞則是代替不完整部分的特殊疑問詞。
表語從句
在句子中起表語作用的從句叫做表語從句，位于主句系動(dòng)詞的后面。表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞和主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞相同。也是名詞性從句的一種。
如： What the police want to know is when you enred red the room警察想知道的是你什么時(shí)候進(jìn)的房間。
The The trouble is that we are short of funds困難是我們?nèi)狈Y金。
This This is what we should do這是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)做的。
That”s s why I want you to work there那就是我要你在那兒工作的原因。
His His first question was whether Mr.Smith had arrived yet他的第一個(gè)問題是史密斯先生到了沒有。
注意：從句中的疑問句用正常語序，即陳述語序。
as as if, as though, becau也可用來引導(dǎo)表語從句。
She She seems as if she had done a great thing她看起來好像做了一件大事。
It It is because you eat too much那是因?yàn)槟愠缘锰嗔恕?/p>
表從練習(xí)一
1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that
B.if
C.when
D.whether 2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because
B.that
C.for
D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it A.where
B.there
C.there where
D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted A.who can we get
B.what we can get C.who we can get
D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that
B.if
C.whether
D.不填 6.The reason is_________I missed the bus.A.that
B.when
C.why
D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that
B.when
C.why
D.what 8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like
C.as D.as though 9.—I fell sick!--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why
B.when
C.what
D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill
B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill
D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that
B.what
C.why
D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what
B.where
C.that
D.Why
二
1．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you
B.That；how you are
C.How；that you are
D.What；how you are 2.The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A.what
B.that
C.how
D.why that 3.America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.A.what
B.where
C.the place
D.there where 4.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be
B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being
D.what it was used to be 5.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that
B.That … what C.What … what
D.That … what 6.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.Such
三
1.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？
A.why
B.what
C.when
D.where 2.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why
D.It’s how 3.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.A.when
B.which
C.where
D.what 4.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited
B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it
D.when I feel excited 5.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.A.the way
B.in the way that
C.in the way
D.the way which
1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that
B.if
C.when
D.whether 2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because
B.that
C.for
D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it
A.where
B.there
C.there where
D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted A.who can we get
B.what we can get C.who we can get
D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that
B.if
C.whether
D.不填 6.The reason is_________ I missed the bus.A.that
B.when
C.why
D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that
B.when
C.why
D.what 8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like
C.as
D.as though 9.—I fell sick!--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why
B.when
C.what
D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill
B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill
D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that
B.what
C.why
D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what
B.where
C.that
D.why 13．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you
B.That；how you are C.How；that you are
D.What；how you are 14.The trouble is__________ we are short of tools.A.what
B.that
C.how
D.why that 15.America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.A.what
B.where
C.the place
D.there where 16.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be
B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being
D.what it was used to be 17.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that
B.That … what C.What … what
D.That … what
18.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.such 19 —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？
A.why
B.what
C.when
D.where 20.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why
D.It’s how
21.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.A.when
B.which
C.where
D.what 22.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited
B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it
D.when I feel excited 23.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.A.the way
B.in the way that
C.in the way
D.the way which
綜合練習(xí)
1.It has been proved _________ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.A.if B.because C.when D.that 2.The last time we had great fun was ________ we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why 3.________ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which 4.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make use do so.A.when B.why C.whether D.that 5.______ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A.That B.Which C.What D.As 6.________ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.A.As B.That C.This D.It 7.______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A.No matter what B.No matter which C.Whatever D.Whichever 8.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______ I disagree.A.why B.where C.what.D how 9.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A.where B.what C.that D.how 10.I think Father would like to know ______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.A.which B.why C.what D.how 11.Our country is developing at an amazing speed, and this is ______ makes me feel so proud.A.what B.which C.that D.why 12.________ puzzles the scientists how these creatures can survive in such severe conditions.A.What B.As C.That D.It 13._____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.Who C.Whoever D.The person 14.Inside the White House, there is a room called the Oval Office.That’s _______ the president works.A.whey B.when C.what D.where 15.______ you will be admitted to York University will be decided by the Admission Committee.A.That B.Whether C.What D.If 16.The reason ____ I plan to go is _____ she will be disappointed if I don’t.A.why;that B.that;because C.which;because D.why;for 17.We sell handmade gifts._____gift you order from us is unique for the special person!A.Which B.That C.Whichever D.What
第二篇：主語從句講解及其練習(xí)
名詞性從句講義
在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句是中學(xué)階段的一個(gè)重要語法項(xiàng)目，在歷年的高考中幾乎都涉及到，并且每年的命題各有變化。分析歷屆高考試題名詞性從句考查的焦點(diǎn)主要有以下六個(gè)方面 1.考查名詞性從句的語序問題
2.考查引導(dǎo)詞that與what的區(qū)別
3.考查it在名詞性從句中作形式主語或形式賓語的用法
4.考查whether與if的區(qū)別
5.考查名詞性從句中的疑問詞+ever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的區(qū)別
6.考查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題 語法要點(diǎn)剖析
一、名詞性從句
主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，在整個(gè)句子中所起的作用，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞 因此，這四種從句通稱為名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：
連接詞：that, whether, if（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分）連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接副詞：when, where, how, why 連接代詞和連接副詞在句子中既保留疑問意義，又充當(dāng)句子成分。
主語從句
主語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)：
①主語從句的連接詞
②主語從句，it做形式主語（細(xì)化：it做形式主語和it做強(qiáng)調(diào)句的區(qū)別）③主語從句的時(shí)態(tài)（主語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)影響和控制）
④其他：如，主語從句是陳述句 ；what和tha在引導(dǎo)主語從句的區(qū)別；that是否可以省略的問題
一、主語從句的連詞分三類
（1）從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句（that whether /if）
that引導(dǎo)的主語從句:引導(dǎo)詞that無含義/在句中不做成分/不可以省。That 引導(dǎo)主語從句通常用it 作形式主語。
例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.That she survived the accident is a miracle.whether 引導(dǎo)的主語從句: whether有含義(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。注意：引導(dǎo)主語從句，不能用if不能在開頭，只能用whether。
Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.（2）用連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句
在由連接代詞who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句中，其連接代詞在句中起名詞性作用，擔(dān)當(dāng)一定成分.例如：What you need is more practice.Whatever we do is to serve the people.注：whatever / whoever的功用
whatever, whoever在主語從句中不含疑問意義。它引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在從句中作主語、賓語、表語等。
whatever = anything that;whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句的區(qū)別。
如：Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主語從句）（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.）
Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished.（讓步狀語從句）（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.）
（3）用連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句(其連接副詞有含義,在句中作狀語。)例如:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.二、it 作形式主語的主語從句
有時(shí)為了考慮句子平衡，通常在主語從句處使用形式主語it，而將真正的主語從句移至句末。這分四種情況：
(1)對(duì)于以連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常用形式主語it替代主語從句： It is +名詞+從句
It is a fact that? 事實(shí)是??； It is good news that ? ??是好消息； It is a question that ? ??是個(gè)問題； It is common knowledge that ? ??是常識(shí)
類似的名詞還有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。It is a mystery to me how it all happened.It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game. It is +形容詞+從句
It is necessary that ? 有必要??； It is clear that ? 很清楚??； It is likely that ? 很可能??； It is important that ? 重要的是??
類似的形容詞還有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing, etc.It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.It is necessary that you（should）master the computer.需要注意的是這類主語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞很多為“（should）＋動(dòng)詞原形”，即要用虛擬語氣。另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：
It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that ? It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that?
It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that?
類似的過去分詞還有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;made clear;found out,etc.例如：It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.
It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.It does not matter if I missed my train.It happened that I saw him yesterday.(2)對(duì)于以連接代詞(副詞)引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可以使用形式主語代主語從句，也可直接在句首使用主語從句：
Whether they would support us was a problem.他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問題。It was a problem whether they would support us.他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問題。(3)對(duì)關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常直接將主語從句放在句首。如： What we need is money.我們需要的是錢。
What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是這一點(diǎn)。
有時(shí)也可將助用形式主語。如：It is clear enough what he meant.他是什么意思很清楚。(4)如果句子是疑問句，則必須用帶形式主語it的結(jié)構(gòu)：
Is it true that he is the girl’s father? 他是那女孩的父親，是真的嗎？ How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又遲到了？
三、主語從句的時(shí)態(tài)，從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響和控制
（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.（3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.（4）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.（6）Whatever you did is right.（7）Whose watch was lost is unknown.（8）What we need is time.（9）What we need are good doctors.小結(jié): 連詞位于句首不能省略
主語從句大多數(shù)情況下視為三單,但也有例外,如例9
四、主語從句其他知識(shí)點(diǎn)
（一）連詞that的省略問題 引導(dǎo)主語從句的連詞that 有時(shí)可省，有時(shí)不能省，其原則是： 若that引導(dǎo)的主語從句直接位于句首，則that不能省略；
若that引導(dǎo)的主語從句位于句末，而在句首使用了形式主語it，則that可以省略： That you didn’t go to the talk was a pity.很遺憾你沒去聽報(bào)告。(that不可省)It was a pity(that)you didn’t go to the talk.很遺憾你沒去聽報(bào)告。(that可省)
（二）what 與that 在引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)的區(qū)別
what 引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語、賓語、表語，而that 則不然。What you said yesterday is right.That she is still alive is a consolation.（三）whethwe和if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句區(qū)別
whether與if 均為“是否”的意思。但在下列情況下，只可用whether 1.whether引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首。
eg:Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic。2.引導(dǎo)表語從句。eg:The question is whether we can get in touch with her.3.whether從句作介詞賓語。eg:I am thinking about whether I should quit my present job.4.if與whether都可以與or not 連用，但后面緊跟or not 時(shí)只能用whether。
We didn't know whether or not she was ready.（此時(shí)只能用whether）5.Whether可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，if不引導(dǎo)同位語從句。
五、高考題：
1、It never occurred to me___you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.(陜西高考)A．which B．what C．that
D．if
2、It's obvious to the students________they should get well prepared for their future.(天津卷)A．a(chǎn)s B．that C．which D．whether
3、________some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plug by many others.(2010·北京)A．Whether B．What C．That D．How 主語從句練習(xí)題
1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 2.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for 3.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not known 4.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.Being a few minutes late 5.________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.A.That?that you had expected B.What ?that you had expected C.That?what you had expected D.What?what you had expected 6.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A.If...do B.That...do C.If...does D.That...does 7.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 8.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A.what B.that C.whether D.how 9.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.That B.What C.How D.Which 10.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.A.What, what B.What, that C.That, that D.That, what 11.____ you don't like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 12..____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 13._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A.That B.Why C.How D.Who 14._______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A.When B.Why C.What D.That 15.______he won't go there is clear to all of us.A.How B.What C.Why D.This 16.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A.If B.Where C.That D.What 17.._______you come or not is up to you.A.What B.If C.Why D.Whether 18.._______makes mistakes must correct them.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.Anybody 19.._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A.Which B.That C.If D.How 20..________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who
第三篇：主語從句講解與練習(xí)
主語從句
一、概述：在句子中起名詞作用的各種從句統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。根據(jù)它們?cè)诰渲械恼Z法作用，這類從句又可分為主語從句、同位語從句、表語從句和賓語從句。二.主語從句主要有三類：
（1）由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句:引導(dǎo)詞that無含義,在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想獲得獎(jiǎng)牌看起來是不可能的。That you are so indifferent bothers me.你如此冷淡使我很煩惱。
That she survived the accident is a miracle.她在事故中幸免于難簡直是奇跡。
（2）用連詞 whether 引導(dǎo)的主語從句:whether有含義(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如：Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.她來不來都無關(guān)緊要。
（3）用連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句(在由連接代詞who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句中，其連接代詞在句中起名詞性作用，擔(dān)當(dāng)一定成分).例如：What you need is more practice.你所需要的是更多的訓(xùn)練。
What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是這事。Whatever we do is to serve the people.我們無論做什么都是為人民服務(wù)。
（4）用連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句(其連接副詞有含義,在句中作狀語。)eg:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.他們什么時(shí)候來還不知道。三.注意點(diǎn): 1.it 做形式主語,而將主語從句放在句末（尤其是當(dāng)謂語較短時(shí)）。例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.光沿直線傳播，這是眾所周知的事。
=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.眾所周知光沿直線傳播。
When the plane is to take off has not been announced.飛機(jī)何時(shí)起飛還沒有宣布。
= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.還沒有宣布飛機(jī)何時(shí)起飛。
(當(dāng)what引導(dǎo)的主語從句表示“…的東西”時(shí)，一般不用it作形式主語。)錯(cuò):It is a book what he wants.對(duì):What he wants is a book.他想要的是本書。
例如：Has it been settled who will be sent to carry out the task ? 誰將被派去執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)任務(wù)決定了嗎 ？ 固定用法和譯法
（1）It is +名詞+從句
It is a fact that… 事實(shí)是……
It is good news that … ……是好消息 It is a question that … ……是個(gè)問題
It is common knowledge that … ……是常識(shí)
類似的名詞還有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。例如：It is a mystery to me how it all happened.這一切是怎么發(fā)生的是個(gè)謎。
It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.鯨魚不是魚，這是常識(shí)。
It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.鮑勃會(huì)贏得這場比賽，這不足為奇。（2）It is +形容詞+從句
It is necessary that … 有必要…… It is clear that … 很清楚…… It is likely that … 很可能……
It is important that … 重要的是……
類似的形容詞還有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing, etc.例如：It is obvious that conductors and insulators are both important in industry.很明顯導(dǎo)體和絕緣體在工業(yè)中都很重要。It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.她是否能來令人懷疑。
It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you.他拒絕和你說話真是令人驚訝。
It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.周末之前，他應(yīng)該到這里是必要的。
It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.很明顯我們不能這樣下去了。（3）It is +過去分詞+從句 It is said that … 據(jù)說……
It is reported that … 據(jù)報(bào)道……
It has been proved that … 已證明…… It must be proved that… 必須指出……
類似的過去分詞還有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;made clear;found out,etc.例如：It is thought that he is the best player.大家都認(rèn)為他是最好的選手。
It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.據(jù)估計(jì)這個(gè)花瓶有2000年的歷史。
It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.過去一直認(rèn)為新星是由于兩顆星星之間碰撞產(chǎn)生的。
It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.還沒弄清楚這條路將開始通車。
It does not matter if I missed my train, because there is another later.沒有趕上這趟火車沒有關(guān)系，稍晚還有一趟。It happened that I saw him yesterday.碰巧我昨天看見他了。
當(dāng)“及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語”較短時(shí)，也可用這種結(jié)構(gòu)。
例如：It shocked me that Peter did not tell anybody where he was.讓我吃驚的是彼得沒有告訴任何人他在哪里。It does not interest me whether you go or not.我對(duì)你去不去不感興趣。
2.只用whether不用if引導(dǎo)主語從句.二、主語從句與形式主語it 有時(shí)為了考慮句子平衡，通常在主語從句處使用形式主語it，而將真正的主語從句移至句末。這分三種情況：
(1)對(duì)于以連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常用形式主語代主語從句： It’s a pity that he didn’t come.很遺憾他沒來。
It is important that he should know about this.他必須知道此事。It’s vital that we be present.我們出席是至關(guān)重要的。
It was intended that you be the candidate.大家的意圖是讓你當(dāng)候選人。It is important that this mission not fail.這項(xiàng)使命不失敗至關(guān)重要。
It is essential that a meeting be convened this week.本周開一次會(huì)非常重要。It is appropriate that this tax be abolished.廢除這個(gè)稅是恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>
It’s unfair that so many people should lose their jobs.竟有這么多人失業(yè)這是不公平的。It’s amazing that she should have said nothing about it.她竟未談及此事令人驚訝。
It’s unthinkable that they should deny my request.他們竟然拒絕我的請(qǐng)求，這是不可思議的。That they should refuse to sign the petition required great courage.他們拒絕在請(qǐng)?jiān)笗虾炞诌@是需要很大勇氣的。
(2)對(duì)于以連接代詞(副詞)引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可以使用形式主語代主語從句，也可直接在句首使用主語從句：
Whether they would support us was a problem.他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問題。It was a problem whether they would support us.他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問題。
It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good.它對(duì)我們是利是害，還得看看再說。(3)對(duì)關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常直接將主語從句放在句首。如： What we need is money.我們需要的是錢。
What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是這一點(diǎn)。有時(shí)也可將助用形式主語。如：
It is clear enough what he meant.他是什么意思很清楚。(4)如果句子是疑問句，則必須用帶形式主語it的結(jié)構(gòu)：
Is it true that he is the girl’s father? 他是那女孩的父親，是真的嗎？
How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又遲到了？(from 004km.cning B.If he is coming C.That coming D.Whether he’s coming 11.It’s _____ he’ll be able to come.A.doubt whether B.doubtful C.doubt it D.doubtful whether 12._____ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet suburb, Dick’s life is tie
d to machines.A.Whether B.Till C.If D.Unless 13._____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.A.That B.When C.What D.Which 14._____ is a spell of warm sunshine.A.What do we all need.B.What all we need C.What we need D.What we all need 15._____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.A.What B.That C.He D.It 16._____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and early history of the moon.A.Remarkable B.Quite remarkably C.It is remarkable that D.It is remarkable fact that 17._____ you nominate will be elected.A.Who B.Whom C.Whomever D.That’s 18._____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.A.What B.Which C.Whichever D.That’s 19._____ of us gets home first starts cooking.A.Who B.Which C.Whichever D.Anyone 20._____orders he gives are obeyed.A.Whichever B.Which C.Whatever D.What 21.____ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.(浙江 2008)A.Anyone
B.The one
C.Whoever
D.Who 22.____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.(2007 全國卷Ⅱ)A.What
B.Why
C.Where
D.Which 23.____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.(上海 2002 春)A.What
B.That
C.This
D.Which 24.____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.(NMET 1996)A.If
B.Whether
C.That
D.Where 【鞏固練習(xí)】
1.__________________________________ hasn’t been decided yet.(pick)誰將去接他還沒有確定。
2.__________________________________ remains unknown.(finish)我們是否能按時(shí)完成工作還不知道
3._____________________________________ is none of my business.(like)你不喜歡他與我無關(guān)。
4._________________________________________ is being discussed.(abroad)他將何時(shí)出國正在討論之中。
5.____________________________ in learning English is enough practice.(matter)英語學(xué)習(xí)中最重要的是足夠的練習(xí)。
6.It worried her a bit ______________________________________________.(turn)她的頭發(fā)正在變白讓她有些擔(dān)憂。
7.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, what our astronauts desire to do ______________________________.(walk)
楊利偉成功地環(huán)繞地球后，我們的宇航員所想做的是在太空漫步。
8.________________________________________ should be punished.(break)任何違法的人都應(yīng)該被懲罰。
9.______________________________ we can learn four foreign languages at the same time.(seem)我們能同時(shí)學(xué)四門外語似乎不可能。
10._______________________________ was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to the key universities.真題：
1、The Foreign Minister said, “______ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”
A.This is B.There is C.That is D.It is
2、After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A.where B.what C.that D.how
3、____ is not known yet.A.When she has gone B.Where she has gone C.How did she leave D.Why did she go
4、______ is unfit for the office.A.It seems to me that
B.It seems to me that he C.That seems he
D.That seems to him that
5、_______man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.A.Which B.How C.What D.That
6、_______ beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not known.A.Whom
B.Whoever
C.Who
D.What
7、________matters much ________ the headmaster supports our activity.A．It;whether B．What;whether C．As;that D．That;if
8、________ is known to us all is that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.A．As
B．It C．That
D．What
9、________ Premier Wen Jiabao visited the United States led to the closer relationship between the two countries.A．Which B．What C．That D．As
10、It is obvious to the students ________ they should get well prepared for their future.A．a(chǎn)s B．which C．whether D．that
11、It is uncertain________side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.A.that B.what C.how D.whether
12、The villagers have already known ______ we'll do is to rebuild the bridge.A．this B．that C．what D．which
13、It is still under discussion________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A．whether B．when C．which
D．where
14、________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A.Which B.What C.That D.Whom
15、It was never clear ________ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.A.that
B.how C.when D.why I.用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空，使句子意思完整。
1.______ he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday wasn’t quite clear.2.The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope
______ the two sides will work towards peace.”
3.______ team will win the match is still unknown.4.______ comes to the party will receive a present.5.______ Mary has left is still a question.6.It’s reported ______ three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.7.______ he solved the problem successfully interested all of us.8.We usually think ______ we can’t get seems better than what we have.9.It is a fact ______ English is being accepted as an international language.10.______ is to be sent there to solve the problem hasn’t been decided.II.下列各句中均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)改正。
1.That the old man’s son wanted to know was where the gold had been hidden.2.It is reported when China has successfully sent Shenzhou VI spaceship into space.3.If he can finish his task on time is of great importance.4.Whether the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing excited the whole nation.5.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, which our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.6.Whatever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.7.Why they will solve the serious problem today has not been decided.8.When will win the English competition is still a problem.9.How our spring sports meet will be held or not this week is not known yet.10.It’s strange when he should have gone away without telling us.1.Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.2.If she’s coming or not doesn’t matter much.3.That the professor said is of great importance.4.Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.5.No matter who breaks the rule will be punished.6.When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question.7.What were your problems a year ago has now become mine.8.It was requested that everyone made a speech at the meeting.1、D。此句為it 放在句首作形式主語，真正的主語是that 引導(dǎo)的從句。
2、B?？疾橹髡Z從句。從句中動(dòng)詞do缺少賓語，故選what，what引導(dǎo)的從句在句中作主語。
3、B
4、B
5、【解析】C.考查主語從句，并在主語從句中作fear的賓語what的用法。
6、C
7、A解析：it 是形式主語，真正的主語是whether 引導(dǎo)的從句。句意：校長是否支持我們的活動(dòng)很重要。故選A項(xiàng)。
8、D解析：what 在這里引導(dǎo)主語從句，選D項(xiàng)。此題要注意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，如果題目改為：①________ is known to us all, the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.該句空處應(yīng)用As, As 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；②________ is known to us all that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.該句空處則應(yīng)用It, It 作形式主語。
9、C解析：句意：溫家寶總理訪問美國讓兩國之間的關(guān)系更加密切?！癟hat Premier Wen Jiabao visited the United States”是主語從句，that 在從句中只起連詞作用，不作句子成分，本身沒有詞義，但是不可省略。
10、D解析：it是形式主語，代替后面的主語從句。主語從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，故用that引導(dǎo)。that在主語從句中不作成分，但不能省略。
11、B解析：句意：盡管大約有兩千名病人已經(jīng)服用了這種藥物，但是它會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么樣的副作用現(xiàn)在還不能確定。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)該選擇B項(xiàng)引導(dǎo)主語從句。what在這里實(shí)際上是作為形容詞來修飾后面的“side effect副作用”。一起作從句中bring about的賓語。
12、C解析：句意：村民們已經(jīng)知道我們要重建這座橋。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，known后跟賓語從句，省略了連接詞that。此賓語從句中又包含一個(gè)主語從句，主語從句中do缺少賓語，所以用what引導(dǎo)該從句作整個(gè)賓語從句的主語，答案為C項(xiàng)。
13、A解析：whether“是否”；when“當(dāng)??時(shí)候”；which“哪一個(gè)”；where“哪兒”。句意：舊車站是否要被現(xiàn)代化的旅館所代替仍在討論中。根據(jù)句意可知選A項(xiàng)。
14、B解析：句意：“巴巴拉·瓊斯給予她粉絲的是誠實(shí)和快樂。”“________Barbara Jones offers to her fans”在句中作主語，為主語從句。what引導(dǎo)主語從句并且在從句中作offers的賓語，故選B項(xiàng)。which表示“哪一個(gè)”；whom表示“誰”。均不符合句意。
15、D解析：句意：這名男子沒有早點(diǎn)報(bào)告這次事故的原因根本沒有搞清楚。it在句中是形式主語，真正的主語是why引導(dǎo)的主語從句。
16、C
17、C
18、D
19、A
【答案】
1.Who will pick him up 2.Whether we can finish the work on time 3.That you don’t like him 4.When he will go abroad 5.What matters most
6.that her hair was turning grey 7.walk in space 8.Whoever/Anyone who breaks the law 9.It seems impossible that 10.What made the school proud Key:
I． 1.Why
2.that 3.Which 4.Whoever
5.Whether 6.that 7.How
8.what
9.that
10.Who
II． 1.That → What
2.when → that
3.If → Whether
4.Whether → That
5.which → what
6.Whatever → Whoever
7.Why → How
8.When → Who
9.How → Whether
10.when → that 1.在句首加That（并將Light改為light）。that雖無詞義但引導(dǎo)主語從句位于句首時(shí)不能省略。
2.將If改為Whether。if, whether都可表示“是否”，但if不能引導(dǎo)位于主句之前的主語從句，它可以引導(dǎo)位于主句之后帶有形式主語it的主語從句。
3.將That改為What。that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)無詞義。What the professor said表示“教授所說的”。
4.將will置于trees之后。主語從句要用陳述句語序。
5.將No matter who改為Whoever。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)二者可互換，但引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)
只能用whoever。
6.將remain改為remains。主語從句表示單一概念時(shí)，謂語要用單數(shù)形式。
7.has要改為have。主語從句表示復(fù)數(shù)概念時(shí)，謂語要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
8.將made改為（should）make。在“It is requested / ordered / suggested + that從句”中，從句要用虛擬語氣，即謂語用“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略
第四篇：高二主語從句練習(xí)
一、概述：在句子中起名詞作用的各種從句統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。根據(jù)它們?cè)诰渲械恼Z法作用，這類從句又可分為主語從句、同位語從句、表語從句和賓語從句。
二.主語從句主要有四類：（1）由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句:引導(dǎo)詞that無含義/在句中不做成分/不可以省。例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.That you are so indifferent bothers me.That she survived the accident is a miracle.（2）用連詞 whether 引導(dǎo)的主語從句: whether有含義(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。
注意：引導(dǎo)主語從句，不能用if，只能用whether。
例如：Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.（3）用連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句
在由連接代詞who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句中，其連接代詞在句中起名詞性作用，擔(dān)當(dāng)一定成分.例如：What you need is more practice.What I want to know is this.Whatever we do is to serve the people.注：whatever / whoever的功用
whatever, whoever在主語從句中不含疑問意義。它引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在從句中作主語、賓語、表語等。
whatever = anything that;whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句的區(qū)別。
如： Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主語從句）
（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.）
Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished.（讓步狀語從句）
（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.）
（4）用連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句(其連接副詞有含義,在句中作狀語。)例如:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.三.由 it構(gòu)成的主語從句
（1）由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，在大多數(shù)情況下會(huì)放到句子的后面，而用代詞it作形式主語。
例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.When the plane is to take off has not been announced.= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.(但當(dāng)what引導(dǎo)的主語從句表示“…的東西”時(shí)，一般不用it作形式主語。)錯(cuò):It is a book what he wants.對(duì):What he wants is a book.另外，需要注意的是，it作形式主語代替主語從句時(shí)，要注意和as引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別。試比較：
It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack.As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack.（2）常見用it作形式主語的復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu) It is +名詞+從句
It is a fact that… 事實(shí)是……
It is good news that … ……是好消息 It is a question that … ……是個(gè)問題
It is common knowledge that … ……是常識(shí)
類似的名詞還有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。例如：It is a mystery to me how it all happened.It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.It’s a pity that you missed the film. It is +形容詞+從句
It is necessary that … 有必要…… It is clear that … 很清楚…… It is likely that … 很可能……
It is important that … 重要的是……
類似的形容詞還有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;
unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing, etc.例如：It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you.It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.It is necessary that you（should）master the computer.It is important that a student learn English well.It’s clear that they badly need help.It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon.需要注意的是，這類主語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞很多為“（should）＋動(dòng)詞原形”，即要用虛擬語氣。
It is reported that … 據(jù)報(bào)道……
It has been proved that … 已證明…… It must be proved that… 必須指出……
類似的過去分詞還有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;made clear;found out,etc.例如：It is thought that he is the best player.It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.It is said that he was killed in the earthquake.
It seems that they will win the game.It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.It does not matter if I missed my train.It happened that I saw him yesterday.練習(xí)
1._____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.A.The estimate
B.The estimated C.They are estimated D.It is estimated that 2._____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.A.Which B.Since C.Although D.How 3._____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.A.Whoever B.Whatever C.However D.That 4._____ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.A.For the reason that he is B.Just because he is C.The reason of being D.That he is 5.Although ___ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.A.which B.what C.how D.it 6._____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.A.That occurred to her B.She occurred that C.To her that occurred D.It occurred to her that 7.I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.A.which B.all C.this D.what 8.We lost our way in the forest, and ____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.A.that B.which C.it D.what 9._____ or not is still uncertain.A.He’s coming B.If he is coming C.That coming D.Whether he’s coming 10.It’s _____ he’ll be able to come.A.doubt whether B.doubtful C.doubt it D.doubtful whether 11.______ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet suburb, Dick’s life is tied to machines.A.Whether B.Till C.If D.Unless 12._____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.A.That B.When C.What D.Which 13._____ is warm sunshine.A.What do we all need.B.What all we need C.What we need D.What we all need 14._____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.A.What B.That C.He D.It 15._____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and early history of the moon.A.Remarkable B.Quite remarkably C.It is remarkable that D.It is remarkable fact that 16._____ you nominate will be elected.A.Who B.Whom C.Whomever D.That’s 17._____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.A.What B.Which C.Whichever D.That’s 18._____ of us gets home first starts cooking.A.Who B.Which C.Whichever D.Anyone
1.It remains unknown ________ the peace talk between the two countries is going to lead.A．where
B．when
C．how
D．why 2.It is ________ the pupils do in their spare time ________ really prepares them to take their place in society as citizens when they grow up A.which;that
B.that;what
C.what;that
D.that;which 3._______ _ he can work abroad next year will depend on his parents' will.A.That
B.When
C.What
D.Whether
4.It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.A.as
B.which
C.whether
D.that 5.It is usually thought ________ a little child says is truth.A．what that
B．that what
C．which
D．that 6.It was never clear________the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.A．that
B．how C．when
D．why 7.It could be learned from the teacher's eyes ________ he was very satisfied with her performance.A．that
B．whether
C．what
D．where 8.________ didn't attend the lecture yesterday won't be given full marks.A．Any one
B．Whoever
C．Who
D．The person 9.It surprised us all ________ Kate made such big progress in this final exam.A．when
B．that
C．how
D．whether 10.Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ________ the problem itself is.A．what
B．that
C．which
D．why 11.—What upsets him? —________ his computer is out of order.A．Whether
B．What
C．That
D．How 12.________ we go there by train or by ship makes no difference.The time and the fees are the same.A．Which
B．How
C．Whether
D．Why 13.________ I regret most is that I have promised to make friends with the dishonest girl.A．How
B．What
C．Where
D．That 14.So quickly are science and technology advancing ________ is a possibility today may be a reality tomorrow.A．which
B．what
C．that which
D．that what 15.________ left the door unlocked must be held responsible for the accident.A．Whomever
B． Whoever
C．Whatever
D．Whenever
1、The Foreign Minister said, “______ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”
A.This is B.There is C.That is D.It is
2、After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A.where B.what
C.that D.how
3、____ is not known yet.A.When she has gone B.Where she has gone C.How did she leave D.Why did she go
4、______ is unfit for the office.A.It seems to me that B.It seems to me that he C.That seems he
D.That seems to him that
5、_______man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.A.Which B.How C.What D.That
6、_______ beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not known.A.Whom
B.Whoever
C.Who
D.What
7、________matters much ________ the headmaster supports our activity.A．It;whether B．What;whether C．As;that D．That;if
8、________ is known to us all is that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.A．As
B．It C．That
D．What
9、________ Premier Wen Jiabao visited the United States led to the closer relationship between the two countries.A．Which B．What C．That D．As
10、It is obvious to the students ________ they should get well prepared for their future.A．a(chǎn)s B．which C．whether D．that
11、It is uncertain________side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.A.that B.what
C.how D.whether
12、The villagers have already known ______ we'll do is to rebuild the bridge.A．this B．that C．what D．which
13、It is still under discussion________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A．whether B．when
C which D．where
14、________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A.Which B.What C.That D.Whom
15、It was never clear ________ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.A.that B.how C.when D.why
第五篇：高中英語語法表語從句練習(xí)含答案
表語從句
1.__________ is troubling me is _________ I don’t understand __________ he said.A.What;that;what
B.What;what;what C.That;that;what
D.Why;that;which 2.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.---Is that __________ you had a few days off?
A.why
B.when
C.what
D.where 3.Things were not _________ they seemed to be.A.when
B.why
C.that
D.where 4.If there was a reason why I achieved such a great success, maybe it is just __________ I have been so lucky.A.that
B.because
C.in that
D.owing to the fact that 5.---Her ability has never been in doubt.---The question is _________ she is prepared to work hard.A.that
B.if
C.where
D.whether 6.The reason why she doesn’t go there was __________ a new job.A.because she got
B.because off getting
C.due to getting
D.that she got 7._________ surprised me was _______ he couldn’t speak English.A.That;that
B.Why;that
C.Who;that
D.What;that 8.His first question was _________ Tom had arrived.A.if
B.that
C.whether
D.what 9.The question is ________ can be put into practice.A.how you have learned
B.how what you have learned
C.that why you have learned
D.how that you have learned 10.A hinge joint is _________ permits the forward and backward movement of a door.A.that
B.what
C.those
D.which 11.One reason why Hamlet is such a successful play is that _________.A.it appeals different to people
B.different people are appealed
C.it appeals to many different people
D.people find it appealing to them very much 12.I think it is _________ you are doing too much.A.because of
B.because
C.because that
D.due to 13.A more important question is _________ these ideas are well or ill found.A.where
B.when
C.how
D.whether 14.The reason he is ill is _________ he ate too much.A.due to
B.that
C.since
D.because 15.Even the mountains here are no longer ________ they used to be.A.the same
B.which
C.that
D.what 16.That’s __________ I want to say.A.all what
B.what
C.all which
D.what that 17.That’s _____________.A.where out differences lie
B.our differences lie there
C.where do our differences lie
C.that where out differences lie 18.That is __________.A.where lived he there
B.where did he lived
C.where he lived
D.that where he lived 19.The question is ____________.A.whether is it worth doing
B.that if it is worth doing
C.whether it is worth doing
C.if it is worth doing 20.Water will continue to be __________ it is today next in importance to oxygen.A.how
B.which
C.what
D.as 21.That’s __________.A.how did I become a teacher
B.how Ibecame a teacher
C.how a teacher I became
D.that I became a teacher 22.They are just ___________.A.that what shall I have
B.what shall I have
C.that I shall have what
D.what I shall have 23.It looked ___________.A.as if it was going to rain
B.that as if it was going to rain
C.as if was it going to rain
D.as if that it was going to rain 24.That’s ____________.A.how she did it
B.that how did she do it
C.how did she do it
D.what she did it 25.That is _________ we decided to put the discussion off.A.where
B.which
C.that
D.why 26.That’s ________ I lived which when I was ten years old.A.where
B.at which
C.there where
D.when 27.My suggestion is ________ we should send a few comrades to help them.A.if
B.that
C.when that
D.that where 28.With the development of computers, it is_________ man has suddenly become a millionaire of the mind.A.that
B.as if
C.why
D.as 29.It looks ________ successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.A.that
B.as if
C.why
D.as 30.The question is __________ we shall perform the experiment.A.which
B.where
C.who
D.that
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