第一篇：基于PLC的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 英文資料

Constant Pressure Water Supply System Based plc

Abstract: Based one simple analysis of the methods for water supply used domestically and abroad, this paper discusses the principle and system’s structure of automatic water supply system by using frequency conversion speed regulation in detail.Then the system’s advantages are discussed and some key problems that should be pay attention to designing are presented.Keyword: Frequency conversion speed regulation;water supply with stable pressure: PID regulator.1、Foreword

At present, supply water in residential area and life of the skyscraper of our country generally adopt the way common frequently.It has heavy energy consumption, high noise, and there has a great deal of questions in the source of water, such as secondary pollution etc.And it is a kind of comparatively ideal mode to adjust the water supply device controlled rapidly with frequency conversion.Entering the middle and later periods of the 1990s, as the speed technology of frequency conversion achieves more development becomes perfect, the way of the full-automatic constant pressure that based on this technology supplied water has already been widely used in the developed country, and is becoming riper.In recent years, authors has made some real work on rapidly to the transformation in frequency conversion supply water design and construction of control system, have accumulated some experience, and has formed the view on some questions.The reason why the energy-conserving principle frequency conversion of the water pump system of speed adjustment becomes popularized , is mainly because that it has a better energy-conserving result.To pump system of frequency conversion, the water pump after adjusting the speed has functional relation of the following:

Q1/Q2 =n1/n2

(1)H1/H2 =(n1/n2)2(2)of the type.Q1, Q2 represents the flow before and after the speed for the water pump respectively;N1, n2 represents the rotational speed before and after the speed for the water pump respectively;H1, H2 represents the lift before and after the speed for the water pump respectively.According the above: H1/H2 =(f1/f2)2.Namely real lift of a water pump is power the square of frequency in direct radio.Therefore changing the power supply frequency of the electrical machinery of water pump through the frequency converter can control supporting water pressure strength of the water pump.2 constant pressures as Fig.1 shows supply water of the automatically controlled frequency conversion water-supply system principle block diagram.P1 is the give pressure value, p2 for the actual pressure value had examined from the pipeline of the pressure sensor, PID regulator passes the error operation of the two value, and through controlling the frequency output of the frequency converter, thus make the pressure of the pipeline remain throughout on establishing value p1.This system can measure users' instantaneous water pressure adjust automatically , regulate the amount of quantity of supplying water and operation conditions of the electrical machinery in view of the above.Can according to give water pressure strength to set for and control pressure value which needed , make the equipment in the constant pressure state all the time, can know from load characteristic of electrical machinery axle power and its the third power of in direct radio rotational speed of electrical machinery mixed, that is p1/p2=(n1/n2)3.For example, as the frequency converter output frequency for 35Hz(establish as 50Hz at most), that is to say that the actual rotational speed is 70% o'clock of specified rotational speed, the power consumption of the governor is 0.73 =0.343, account for specified 35%.That is to say , the water pump is always in constant pressure and turn the working state of matching the way into the flow , is it is it keep to exceed to dispel and backset current have work loss.Constant speed transfer with frequency conversion speed axle power change curve as Fig.2 shows , relatively can know, it is the most obvious that frequency conversion adjusts the energy-conserving result of speed way.2、Case analyses

Constant pressure is it regulate flow of water to the purpose to up to constant pressure through suiting well rapidly in frequency conversion to supply water, the goal that it controls finally is the water pressure.Controlling the target has non-linear, lagging characteristics.The quality of PID regulator performance , has determined the quality of the water-supply system to a great extent When the system is during the course of starting and stopping, or the pressure establishing value changes by a large margin , because there is a very great deviation within short time, no matter the control algorithm of PID regulator adopts the increment type or the position type, its total mark one will fetch the cistern , water pump group and complement the fittings to form relevantly.The core of this system is that frequency conversion adjusts the speed switch board, it monitors the pressure of the pipe network in real time through the pressure sensor, and change into the electric signal and offer the frequency converter to make operation, through the controlling commonly of frequency converter, programmable controller PLC and relay array, adjust the system of supplying water rapidly after forming perfect full-automatic frequency conversion.Frequency converter is various in kinds, for instance the types, such as Mitsubishi, Fuji, three Kenya and ABB, etc.Generally often select the pumps, special-purpose series of air blower for use.Whether take Mitsubishi FR-A140E as an example, it except general function had of brand , there are the following characteristics : The inside adopts the intellectual power module of IPM, it is lowest to make the noise of the electrical machinery to reduce;Frequency converter, and work-frequency power can is it switch over to go on frequently, user is it is it start , stop through PLC and switch over the order automatically to input to need only, can conveniently through to lock movement switch over different water pump each other contactor, and does not need to design the tedious control procedure by oneself like the thing that in the past , this is one of this peculiar functions of frequency converter;Built-in instantaneous power cut starts and retries and starts the function , in a situation that nobody guarded, even if can be started by oneself after the frequency converter shuts down, totally realize with the operation of the automatic way.PID regulator available frequency converter of system this built-in value very heavy, this will store deviation in regulates.During the process of dispelling the deviation to regulate, must lead to the fact the system and present greater ultra mediation long-time vibration, can produce the serious integration saturation phenomenon also at the same time, thus influence the normal running of the equipment.Is it drop the influence to most low to want , should adopt PID control method that integration separate among controlling algorithm, in order to reach the anticipated result.After dealing with like this, can shorten the system and reach steady transition course time greatly System allocate two 11kW water pump support 600 over resident water.Two pump offer large peak flow most when working at the same time, single platform meet the small flow and supply water at night.In addition all water pumps can run by way of frequency conversion, can circulate way soft to start, in this way, can reduce the impact to the electric wire netting and pipe network.What merits attention is two pump when frequency conversion and worker are switched over frequently, have procedure it locks to be enough each other only, outputting must adopt machinery to interlock the contactor, can avoid the situation that two contactors close at the same time in the twinkling of an eye in this way, so as not to short out in twinkling of an eye causing power.Pressure sensor P monitors the size of the water pressure signal in real time, the signal is dealt with by PID, input it to the frequency converter.At the small flow, water pump electrical machinery 1M turn round(whether 1KM1 is it shut to suck), and through feedback password change his rotational speed constantly, it is invariable in order to keep the pressure;In case of large flow , compare frequency conversion by pressure circuit send out through PLC “ constant/changed switch over frequently” “ operate and interlock ” the order, machinery interlocks the contactor(2KM2 in 2KM(2KM1 +2KM2), contactor 3KM have the electricity.At this moment, electrical machinery 2M is started by way of frequency conversion, 1M is switched over and run at full speed frequently to run.In this way, this system can maintain water consumption on a invariable pressure all the time.Built up in the aforesaid district initial stage, supply water and adopt the way frequently of workers, because of energy consumption being heavy dependability is bad, the household reflects strongly.Use instead after frequency conversion supply water, installation total capacity reduce 25% than original equipment, economize on electricity the index is close 30% synthetically actually, the result is remarkable.3、Several questions while apply are in case of great majority

The environment for use of the scene is comparatively abominable.Though frequency converter has very strong protection functions itself, such as owe keep , excessive pressure , is it flow to pass, electric current amplitude limiting is it make exactly to choose, overload, overheated lacking looking , shorting out and disconnected ink protect the function But must prevent trouble before it happens.Through using finding, two kinds of brands of Mitsubishi, Fuji, because has fully considered various kinds of abominable running environment in design and manufacture.The dependability and service life under the same condition are higher than some brands.One small city of mountain area of west place in Hubei in Hubei, average 1200m above sea level, the humidity on the high side of long-term most of the time(about 80%), the sulfur dioxide is seriously polluted, a set of frequency conversion that one factory produces supplies water of the equipment, because has not considered above-mentioned factors, less than one year, the relevant parts of the equipment are corroded seriously.And the like product which we designed, installed in the same area, because has fully considered the situations of different difference, on the selecting types of the equipment and component, have adopted the ship standard.Through the use of more than two years, ran well, stood the tests of different sternness.Find in using actually, the frequency converter itself is that a strong interference takes place in the source, will often influence the normal running of the equipment.Especially when the low rotational speed of the water pump operates, the frequency shown on the frequency converter does not correspond to actual operation frequency.Generally there are two kinds of spread ways to interfere: The circuit bunch is disturbed and space radiation is interfered.Can take the corresponding measure to solve according to the actual conditions of the scene.For example is it strain wave and absorb the return circuit to increase to programmable power end of controller, PID regulator introduction of unit output sure to have reliable shielding, link frequency converter, ground terminal of electrical machinery with earth stake firmly, control the line and motive force line leave certain distance, in order to strengthen and resist the electromagnetic ability to interfere.Only in this way, can make system keep the long and steady working state in high temperature, humidity, mould, strong harsh terms of interfering etc.4、Conclusions

Are by way of adjusting the speed as the central water supply in frequency conversion, the result is obvious to economize on water, economize on electricity, can be extensively suitable for 20-10000 residents the biotope, skyscraper, hotels and restaurants, fire control or district pressurize and supply water, it is ideal facilities that the medium and small-scale waterworks supplied water too.Its amount of water quality supported is high, the economic benefits are obvious, the social benefit is enormous, with the development of national economy and constant improvement of the living standards of the people, it is sure to be used and popularized progressively in our country

5、List of references

Zhang Wanzhong, Zhu Jie, Wang Mingquan.A kind of new-type frequency conversion constant pressure supplies water of the plan of design of the pump station.Electrical age, 1999(10): 22-232 Liu YingChun.Principle design of the sensor and application.Beijing: University of Science and Technology of the national defense publishing Press, 1989.59-623

Lu Guangda.Electric installation project manual of the building.Beijing: The electric publishing house of water conservancy, write the group in 1995.222-2244“The automatic projecting ”.Give and drain off water the automatic project.Beijing: The electric publishing house of water conservancy, 1997.301-312

第二篇：基于PLC的恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

基于PLC的恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

摘要

隨著社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展，人們對供水質(zhì)量和供水系統(tǒng)可靠性的要求不斷提高；再加上目前能源緊缺，利用先進(jìn)的自動化技術(shù)、控制技術(shù)以及通訊技術(shù)，設(shè)計(jì)高性能、高節(jié)能、能適應(yīng)不同領(lǐng)域的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)成為必然趨勢。

本論文根據(jù)中國城市小區(qū)的供水要求，設(shè)計(jì)了一套基于PLC的變頻調(diào)速恒壓供水系統(tǒng)。由變頻器、PLC、PID調(diào)節(jié)器和組成控制系統(tǒng)，調(diào)節(jié)水泵的輸出流量。電動機(jī)泵組由三臺水泵并聯(lián)而成，由變頻器或工頻電網(wǎng)供電，根據(jù)供水系統(tǒng)出口水壓和流量來控制變頻器電動機(jī)泵組的速度和切換，使系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行在最合理狀態(tài)，保證按需供水。

本文介紹了采用PLC控制的變頻調(diào)速供水系統(tǒng)，由PLC進(jìn)行邏輯控制，由變頻器進(jìn)行壓力凋節(jié)。再經(jīng)過PID運(yùn)算，通過PLC控制變頻與工頻切換，實(shí)現(xiàn)閉環(huán)自動調(diào)節(jié)恒壓變量供水。運(yùn)行結(jié)果表明，該系統(tǒng)具有壓力穩(wěn)定，結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，工作可靠等特點(diǎn)。

關(guān)鍵詞：變頻調(diào)速 ；恒壓供水；PID調(diào)節(jié)；PLC Water Supply Control System of Constant Pressure

Based on PLC

With the rapid development of social economy； it demands the better of water supply' s quality and reliability of water supply system.Meanwhile energy resources are seriously lack.So it is inevitable tendency to design water supply system which has high function and saves on energy well，with help of advanced technique of automation，control and communication.At the same time this system can adapt different water supply fields.According to the requirement of China's urban water supply, this paper designs a set of water supply system of frequecey control of constant voltage based on PLC.It is consist of the variable frequency and speed regulation，PLC，PID control system for the control system.It controls the outcome of the pumps.The generator pumps are consist of parallel three pumps，and the power come from variable frequency and speed regulation or power grid.According to the water supply of constant pressure’s outcome water press and flux，the control system control the variable frequency and speed regulation，parallel pumps’ speed and cut over，cause the system move in the best rational situation，assure according to wants supply water.This design has many merits such as save energy.In this paper，the control principle of VVVF providing-water system is introduced，we use PLC to carry on logic control and use inverter to modulate pressure．Through PID control principle.we realize Closed-loop control in VVVF Providing-water System．The result indicates that the system has the stable pressure，simple structure，and reliable work．

Key words：variable frequency and speed regulation；water supply of constant pressure；PID control system；PLC

目 錄

論文總頁數(shù)：53頁 引言 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

1.1 課題背景及意義

錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

1.2 供水技術(shù)及其發(fā)展 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

1.3 恒壓供水系統(tǒng)國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。1.4 可編程控制器的發(fā)展及應(yīng)用 2 恒壓供水系統(tǒng)介紹

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1.5 本文主要內(nèi)容 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

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錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。2.1 當(dāng)前恒壓供水方案比較 2.2 恒壓供水系統(tǒng)節(jié)能原理 2.3 變頻器介紹

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2.3.1變頻器的基本結(jié)構(gòu).....................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。2.3.2 變頻器的分類及工作原理........................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。2.3.3 變頻器的操作方式及使用........................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。2.3.4 變頻器調(diào)速原理........................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。2.4 可編程控制器 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

2.4.1 可編程控制器的定義................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。2.4.2 可編程控制器的組成................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。2.5 供水系統(tǒng)中的水錘效應(yīng) 3.1 變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成

錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。3 變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì) 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

3.2變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行流程 3.4 泵站的設(shè)置及系統(tǒng)控制要求 3.3 水泵切換條件分析 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。3.5 控制系統(tǒng)地址分配 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。4 變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

4.1 PLC及其擴(kuò)展模塊 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。4.2 變頻器

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錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。4.3 水泵機(jī)組 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。4.4 壓力傳感器 4.5 液位變送器

4.6 泵自動/手動控制設(shè)計(jì) 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。5 變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

5.1 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)分析 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。5.2 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

5.2.1系統(tǒng)初始化模塊.........................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。5.2.2 增、減泵判斷和相應(yīng)操作模塊................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。5.2.3 水泵的軟啟動模塊....................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。5.2.4 各水泵變頻運(yùn)行控制模塊........................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。5.2.5 各水泵工頻運(yùn)行控制模塊........................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。5.2.6 報(bào)警及故障處理模塊................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。5.3 系統(tǒng)程序編制 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。6 系統(tǒng)仿真 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

6.1 數(shù)字PID控制技術(shù) 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。6.2 控制系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)模型 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。6.3 PID參數(shù)整定 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。結(jié)

論 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。參考文獻(xiàn) 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。致

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明 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。附

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第三篇：基于PLC的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)

基于PLC的恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)

Its functions are: it can make the pressure sensor to collect the pressure signal in the pipe line net, and this pressure signal can be converted analog signals to and be transmitted to the intelligence conversion —an instrument(the SR93 series PID modulator), the intelligence conversion instrument(the SR93 series PID modulator)display the actual pressure value of the tube net, and the intelligence conversion instrument(the SR93 series PID modulator)enact the pressure value ,the customer want to gain, when the pressure value is gained , the customer demand of and the pressure value is gained, the pipe line net display in practice, the intelligence conversion instrument(the SR93 series PID modulator)output an analog signals, and it will change frequency of Fuji transducer to influence the exportation frequency of the water pump(the FRENIC 5000 G11 Ss/P11s S), it will influence rotate speed of water pump electrical engineering, changing flux of water , so it will attain the purpose of the steady presses water supply.引言

隨著我國城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)的迅速發(fā)展,水、電供應(yīng)不足的矛盾越來越成為人們關(guān)注的問題。例如,人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械挠盟吭絹碓酱?一天中的用水量的波動也越來越大。以往的供水系統(tǒng)中,水泵的選取往往是按最大供水量來確定,而實(shí)際的用水量在不斷變化。高峰用水時(shí)間較短,這樣水泵在很長一段時(shí)間內(nèi)有較大余量,不僅水泵效率低,供水壓力不穩(wěn),而且造成大量電力、水資源的浪費(fèi);并且以往依靠手動操作控制泵的啟動、停止,也已不能滿足要求。這里,介紹一種變頻控制的恒壓供水系統(tǒng),它既能解決人工操作的繁雜勞動和精神壓力,又能節(jié)約能源[5]。

一、系統(tǒng)介紹

該控制系統(tǒng)主要裝置包括：可編程控制器（PLC）、變頻器、壓力傳感器、PID控制器以及相關(guān)軟件控制單元。該裝置形成一套完整的、全自動的、智能的恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)，如圖1所示。該系統(tǒng)能夠以三種方式工作，分別為全自動、半自動和手動操作方式，其中后兩種是在全自動方式出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)的彌補(bǔ)。

圖1 恒壓供水系統(tǒng)簡圖

2全自動恒壓供水控制原理

當(dāng)主水管網(wǎng)壓力傳感器的壓力信號4~20mA送給數(shù)字PID控制器，控制器根據(jù)壓力設(shè)定值與實(shí)際檢測值進(jìn)行PID運(yùn)算，并給出信號直接控制變頻器的轉(zhuǎn)速以使管網(wǎng)的壓力穩(wěn)定。當(dāng)用水量不是很大時(shí)，一臺泵在變頻器的控制下穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行；當(dāng)用水量大到變頻器全速運(yùn)行也不能保證管網(wǎng)的壓力穩(wěn)定時(shí)，控制器的壓力下限信號與變頻器的高速信號同時(shí)被PLC檢測到，PLC自動將原工作在變頻狀態(tài)下的泵，投入到工頻運(yùn)行，以保持壓力的連續(xù)性，同時(shí)將一臺備用的泵用變頻器起動后投入運(yùn)行，以加大管網(wǎng)的供水量，保證壓力穩(wěn)定。若兩臺泵運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)仍，則依次將變頻工作狀態(tài)下的泵投入到工頻運(yùn)行，而將另一臺備用泵投入變頻運(yùn)行。當(dāng)用水量減少時(shí)，首先表現(xiàn)為變頻器已工作在最低速信號有效，這時(shí)壓力上限信號如仍出現(xiàn)，PLC首先將工頻運(yùn)行的泵停掉，以減少供水量。當(dāng)上述兩個(gè)信號仍存在時(shí)，PLC再停掉一臺工頻運(yùn)行的電機(jī)，直到最后一臺泵用主頻器恒壓供水[4]。另外，控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)兩臺泵為一組，每臺泵的電機(jī)累計(jì)運(yùn)行時(shí)間可顯示，24小時(shí)輪換一次，既保證供水系統(tǒng)有備用泵，又保證系統(tǒng)的泵有相同的運(yùn)行時(shí)間，確保了泵的可靠壽命。

二、系統(tǒng)原理圖

1.PLC系統(tǒng)原理圖，如圖2所示：

圖2 PLC系統(tǒng)原理圖

2.外部設(shè)備接線圖，如圖3所示：

三、恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)的編程

本程序用富士專用的FLEX PLC編程器編譯[1]，利用梯形圖清晰直觀地展示各設(shè)備的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)狀況等等。具體編程思想如下：

首先選擇利用FLEX PLC的輸入繼電器、輸出繼電器以及內(nèi)部繼電器，確定本設(shè)計(jì)方案所包括的儀器儀表。即一臺富士NB系列PLC、兩臺7.5KW水泵、一臺富士G11/P11變頻器、一臺壓力傳感器、一臺SR90系列PID調(diào)節(jié)器、若干個(gè)空氣開關(guān)、斷路器、中間繼電器等。根據(jù)PLC接線原理圖（如圖2所示），進(jìn)行詳細(xì)接線，并參考FUJI NB系列可編程控制器得參考手冊，對PLC輸入輸出端子進(jìn)行定義。

部分梯形圖

PLC的恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)部分梯形圖如下[2]：

四、系統(tǒng)操作說明 4.1自動控制

1.設(shè)定用戶需要的目標(biāo)壓力值

系統(tǒng)送電之后，控制柜面板上的電源指示燈點(diǎn)亮，其下方的溫控表將會有顯示：PV---.---、SV---.---。其中PV---.---表示水管網(wǎng)中的實(shí)測壓力值,SV---.---表示用戶需要的目標(biāo)壓力值.用戶可按動▲、▼鍵使 SV---.---中的數(shù)字發(fā)生改變，直到顯示用戶需要的水管網(wǎng)的壓力值時(shí)按下ENT鍵，結(jié)束目標(biāo)壓力值設(shè)定。2.選擇需要開啟的泵組

自動/停/手動開關(guān)向左45度扳動一次時(shí)，泵組處于啟動狀態(tài)，系統(tǒng)將選擇1號泵組啟動；控制柜面板上的自動/停/手動開關(guān)扳到垂直位置時(shí)，四臺泵組均處于停止?fàn)顟B(tài)。當(dāng)將自動/停/手動開關(guān)再次向左45度扳動一次時(shí)，系統(tǒng)將選擇2號泵啟動；

3.變頻自動工作開始

當(dāng)系統(tǒng)檢測到某臺泵組的啟動信號以后，便會使變頻器開始升頻工作，此時(shí)水管網(wǎng)中的壓力開始上升，即PV---.---中的顯示值開始上升，并不斷趨向于用戶設(shè)定的SV---.---中的目標(biāo)壓力值。當(dāng)水管網(wǎng)中的壓力和用戶的設(shè)定的目標(biāo)壓力值相吻合（即PV---.---中的顯示值和SV---.---中的顯示值相吻合）時(shí)，變頻器的輸出頻率便會穩(wěn)定[3]。

4.2自動控制中的部分功能

1.自動切換至工頻 2.故障泵組自動退出運(yùn)行 3.定期倒換工作泵組

五、恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

1.采用變頻恒壓供水，消除了主管網(wǎng)壓力波動，保證了供水質(zhì)量，而且節(jié)能效果明顯，并延長了主管網(wǎng)及其閥門的使用壽命。

2.用穩(wěn)壓減壓閥經(jīng)濟(jì)地解決了不同用水壓力的問題。

3.拓寬運(yùn)用變頻恒壓控制原理，較好地解決了加壓泵房與抽水泵房的遠(yuǎn)程通訊總是并達(dá)到異地連鎖控制的目的。

4.在抽水泵房設(shè)置連續(xù)液位顯示，并將信號傳與PLC，防止泵缺水燒壞電機(jī)，設(shè)定的取水位置，確保水的質(zhì)量。

5.電機(jī)既有電機(jī)保護(hù)器，又有軟起動器，克服了起動時(shí)的大電流沖擊，相對延長了電機(jī)制使用壽命。

6.由于采用PLC控制的壓力自動控制，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)無人遠(yuǎn)程操作，系統(tǒng)的PLC預(yù)留有RS485接口，可與公司總調(diào)度室計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行連接。

7.通過采用變頻器控制，可在不同季節(jié)、節(jié)假日、日夜及上下班等全面調(diào)控水量。

參考文獻(xiàn)

[1] FUJI NB系列 編程手冊

[2] 鐘肇星.《可編程控制器原理及應(yīng)用》.廣州：華南理工大學(xué)出版社，1991.7-15.[3] 黃立培，等.《變頻器應(yīng)用技術(shù)及電機(jī)調(diào)速》.北京：人民郵電出版社，1998.32-45.[4] 高欽和.《PLC可編程控制器應(yīng)用技術(shù)實(shí)例》.北京：人民郵電出版社，2000.76-90.[5] 尹明,時(shí)代偉.恒壓供水模糊控制器的研制[J].齊齊哈爾大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2003,19(1):53-54.5

第四篇：恒壓供水plc程序

湖南沃爾特水設(shè)備

恒壓供水plc程序

產(chǎn)品特點(diǎn)

1.恒壓供水plc程序 按輔助供水方式可分為無輔助供水、小型水泵輔助供水、小型氣壓水罐輔助供水3種

無輔助供水：同型號水泵互為備用，小流量供水時(shí)效率較低;

小型水泵輔助供水：有兩種以上規(guī)格的水泵(主泵和副泵)，大流量條件下主泵運(yùn)行，小流量條件下啟用副泵，夜間流量接近零時(shí)仍然存在能量浪費(fèi);

小型氣壓水罐輔助供水：小流量條件下切換到氣壓供水方式，避免能量浪費(fèi)，隔膜式氣壓水罐可緩沖水錘壓力波動。

2.恒壓供水plc程序 按穩(wěn)流罐構(gòu)造可分為氣水分離、氣水接觸2種

氣水分離：利用膠囊將水和空氣隔離，空氣與水無接觸，衛(wèi)生條件好，對水錘壓力波動有緩沖作用;

氣水接觸：消除負(fù)壓時(shí)空氣通過過濾器進(jìn)入穩(wěn)流罐，空氣與水有接觸，衛(wèi)生條件取決于過濾器質(zhì)量。

3.恒壓供水plc程序 按供水壓力可分為恒壓變量、變壓變量2種

恒壓變量：供水量隨用水量變化，但供水水壓保持設(shè)定值的供水方式。控制簡單，但節(jié)能不充分;

變壓變量：供水量隨用水量變化，供水水壓按設(shè)定供水工作曲線或配水管網(wǎng)終端多點(diǎn)壓力控制的供水方式。節(jié)能充分，控制系統(tǒng)比較復(fù)雜，管網(wǎng)壓力有波動。

恒壓供水plc程序安裝使用及保養(yǎng)

1恒壓供水plc程序安裝應(yīng)選擇通風(fēng)良好、灰塵少、不潮濕的場地，環(huán)境濕度為-10℃-40℃。在室外應(yīng)設(shè)防雨，防雷等設(shè)施。

2、為方便恒壓供水plc程序安裝、保養(yǎng)、設(shè)備四周應(yīng)留70cm空間，人孔處應(yīng)保留1.5m空間，四周地面應(yīng)設(shè)排水溝。

3、選定恒壓供水plc程序場地后，要處理好地基、在用砼澆注或用磚石砌筑罐體支承座。待基座完全固化后，再吊裝罐體并放穩(wěn)，隨后安裝附件，接通電源。

4、在試車前，應(yīng)先關(guān)閉供水閥，檢查恒壓供水plc程序各密封閥情況，不允許有泄露現(xiàn)象，開車后，應(yīng)注意機(jī)泵轉(zhuǎn)向。當(dāng)壓力表指針到上限時(shí)，機(jī)泵自動停止。打開供水閥，即可正常供水、如需定時(shí)供水，可把選擇開關(guān)扳到手動位置。

湖南沃爾特水設(shè)備

5、恒壓供水plc程序泵機(jī)組應(yīng)經(jīng)常檢查，定期保養(yǎng)并加注潤滑油。離心泵和止回閥如發(fā)現(xiàn)漏水現(xiàn)象，應(yīng)及時(shí)緊固法蘭螺絲或更換石棉根，檢查機(jī)泵底腳螺栓不能松動，以防損壞恒壓供水plc程序。

6、恒壓供水plc程序系統(tǒng)，應(yīng)防水、防塵、經(jīng)常檢查線路絕緣情況，連接螺栓是否松動和保險(xiǎn)絲完好等情況。壓力表外部最好用透明材料包裹，以防損壞恒壓供水plc程序。

7、罐體如發(fā)現(xiàn)漆皮脫落，應(yīng)及時(shí)涂漆保養(yǎng)，以延長恒壓供水plc程序使用壽命。

長沙沃爾特恒壓供水plc程序特點(diǎn)

1.恒壓供水plc程序投資少、無水池、不用消毒。

2.恒壓供水plc程序體積小、占地少、安裝方便。

3.恒壓供水plc程序高效節(jié)能，全部充分利用自來水管網(wǎng)壓力，三重強(qiáng)制疊壓、耗電少，運(yùn)行費(fèi)低。

4.恒壓供水plc程序全不銹鋼流道，全密封帶壓穩(wěn)流補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)，徹底隔絕污染源，清潔環(huán)保。

5.恒壓供水plc程序水壓穩(wěn)定，不會造成市政管網(wǎng)壓力波動。

6.恒壓供水plc程序全自動控制運(yùn)行，無人值守設(shè)計(jì)。

7.恒壓供水plc程序超強(qiáng)保護(hù)，故障自動顯示，報(bào)警。

8.恒壓供水plc程序模擬屏人機(jī)對話，可隨時(shí)查詢、設(shè)定、調(diào)整運(yùn)行參數(shù)。

9.恒壓供水plc程序旁通設(shè)計(jì)，自動切換，停電不停水。

10.恒壓供水plc程序高壽命。運(yùn)行效率高，可提高水泵的壽命3倍以上。

恒壓供水plc程序性能特點(diǎn)：

1、恒壓供水plc程序具有強(qiáng)大的貯能保壓能力，特別是在夜間時(shí)應(yīng)付少量供水時(shí),可以大大節(jié)約電能.2、調(diào)節(jié)容積(水泵每啟動一次可供用戶使用的水量)大.泵每啟動一次,可以長時(shí)間地維持管網(wǎng)壓力,設(shè)備啟動次數(shù)少,運(yùn)行費(fèi)用低

3、恒壓供水plc程序設(shè)備采用國際領(lǐng)先的補(bǔ)氣技術(shù)

湖南沃爾特水設(shè)備

氣壓罐的補(bǔ)氣采用微電腦電子檢測、限量補(bǔ)氣與排氣技術(shù)，隨時(shí)保證罐內(nèi)氣體有一定容積，根本解決了氣體長期失效帶來的水泵頻繁啟動問題，填補(bǔ)了國際、國內(nèi)在該問題上的技術(shù)空白。

4、恒壓供水plc程序不同用戶的現(xiàn)場條件,無塔自動上水器可采取以下不同的配置

(1)、恒壓供水plc程序的水源是自備井: 1)潛水泵+控制系統(tǒng)+氣壓罐

2)潛水泵 +水池(水箱)+控制系統(tǒng)+氣壓罐

(2)恒壓供水plc程序的水源是自來水: 1)離心管道泵+控制系統(tǒng)+氣壓罐

2)離心管道泵 +水池(水箱)+ 控制系統(tǒng)+氣壓罐

恒壓供水plc程序變頻控制原理

用變頻調(diào)速來實(shí)現(xiàn)恒壓供水，與用調(diào)節(jié)閥門來實(shí)現(xiàn)恒壓供水相比，節(jié)能效果十分顯著(可根據(jù)具體情況計(jì)算出來)。其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：

1、起動平衡，起動電流可限制在額定電流以內(nèi)，從而避免了起動時(shí)對電網(wǎng)的沖擊;

2、由于泵的平均轉(zhuǎn)速降低了，從而可延長泵和閥門等的使用壽命;

3、可以消除起動和停機(jī)時(shí)的水錘效應(yīng);

一般地說，當(dāng)由一臺變頻器控制一臺電動機(jī)時(shí)，只需使變頻器的配用電動機(jī)容量與實(shí)際電動機(jī)容量相符即可。當(dāng)一臺變頻器同時(shí)控制兩臺電動機(jī)時(shí)，原則上變頻器的配用電動機(jī)容量應(yīng)等于兩臺電動機(jī)的容量之和。但如在高峰負(fù)載時(shí)的用水量比兩臺水泵全速供水量相差很多時(shí)，可考慮適當(dāng)減小變頻器的容量，但應(yīng)注意留有足夠的容量。

夏小姐 ***

恒壓供水plc程序適用范圍

1、恒壓供水plc程序適用于有水池的高層建筑、賓館、學(xué)校、城鎮(zhèn)居民小區(qū)、企事業(yè)單位、新農(nóng)村建設(shè)農(nóng)村的生活用水。

2、恒壓供水plc程序適用于工廠、工礦企業(yè)的生活或者生產(chǎn)用水。

3、恒壓供水plc程序適用于各類水廠、供水站、污水廢水廠、農(nóng)業(yè)排灌站等供排水。

4、恒壓供水plc程序適用于高樓、小區(qū)、企事業(yè)單位熱水集中供水。

湖南沃爾特水設(shè)備

5、恒壓供水plc程序適用于生產(chǎn)、生活中的冷卻水、循環(huán)水的加壓。

6、恒壓供水plc程序適用于油田輸油管道、油庫、油站等的恒壓輸油。

第五篇：基于plc的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)

基于PIC的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)

主要功能

1、全自動完成多臺水泵機(jī)組軟啟動,變頻到工頻運(yùn)行以及停止的全部操作過程.2、根據(jù)用水量的變化,變成多臺泵組的啟動和停止.3、有壓力設(shè)定值和實(shí)際壓力值的LED顯示功能.4、有LED頻率指示,變頻異常指示,電機(jī)故障工況顯示.5、保護(hù)功能:具有欠壓保護(hù),過壓保護(hù),過載保護(hù),短·保護(hù),失速防止,燒損防止等功能.基于PIC的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)運(yùn)營環(huán)境

1、環(huán)境溫度：5~50℃;相對濕度：≤90%，無凝露。

2、周圍空氣無腐蝕性氣體、水蒸汽、粉塵等明顯污染。

3、安裝場所的最大海拔高度1000m。

基于PIC的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)常用組合方式

立式系列二次供水設(shè)備噸位為2-20噸，系立式供水設(shè)備，具有占地面積小的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，以水井或蓄水池做水源，適用于地面面積小，用水量少的用戶。

臥式系列二次供水設(shè)備噸位為10-100噸，系臥式供水設(shè)備，以水井或蓄水池做水源，適用于企業(yè)事業(yè)單位，農(nóng)村等用水量較大的用戶使用。

調(diào)查：居民對二次供水概念不熟

什么是二次供水?記者在采訪中得知，許多市民對這一概念還不了解，不明白二次供水的真正含義。其實(shí)，二次供水是用水單位將來自城市集中式供水系統(tǒng)的生活飲用水經(jīng)貯存、加壓或再處理(如過濾、軟化、消毒等)后，經(jīng)管道輸送給用戶的供水方式，通常是解決高樓層居民水壓難題而采取的特殊供水方式。據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì)，現(xiàn)在有近七成的用水人口飲用的是城市二次供水。

改進(jìn)：室外管道應(yīng)有防凍措施

該規(guī)范明確規(guī)定，嚴(yán)禁二次供水管道與其他管道直接連通，而除了對二次供水設(shè)施安裝嚴(yán)格要求外，還對材料的使用也作出明確規(guī)定，包括埋地給水管道應(yīng)根據(jù)承受壓力等級、地面荷載力的不同選用耐腐蝕、壽命長的管材、管件等。在安裝時(shí)，二次供水室外管道應(yīng)有防凍措施，二次供水管道應(yīng)作藍(lán)色色標(biāo)，并標(biāo)明二次供水。二次供水引入樓內(nèi)的立管應(yīng)在建筑物首層設(shè)置閥門等。

防污：儲水池周圍應(yīng)隔離污染源

在用水管理?xiàng)l例中明確，二次供水設(shè)施管理主體應(yīng)當(dāng)加強(qiáng)二次供水的日常管理，建立水質(zhì)管理制度和檢測檔案;定期進(jìn)行水質(zhì)常規(guī)檢測，每季度不得少于一次;定期對各類儲水設(shè)施清洗消毒，每半年不得少于一次。

而為了防止二次供水水質(zhì)污染，《技術(shù)規(guī)范》要求，埋地式生活飲用水儲水池周圍10米以內(nèi)不得有化糞池、污水處理建筑物、滲水井、垃圾堆放點(diǎn)等污染源;周圍2米以內(nèi)不得有污水管和污染物。生活飲用水池(箱)應(yīng)與其他用水的水池(箱)分開設(shè)置等。

變頻恒壓供水設(shè)備的質(zhì)量高低是決定二次供水品質(zhì)好壞的關(guān)鍵，但一段時(shí)間以來，我國無負(fù)壓二次供水設(shè)備行業(yè)比較混亂，因沒有統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行性能檢測，設(shè)備中關(guān)鍵部件不能正確使用，極易形成安全隱患。

基于PIC的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的分類

1)按供水方式分：(1)恒壓變量供水系統(tǒng)：水泵的出口壓力始終保持一個(gè)恒定值，設(shè)備的供水量可隨用戶用水量的需求而變化。(2)變壓變量供水系統(tǒng)：系統(tǒng)的控制壓力檢測點(diǎn)設(shè)在用戶給水系統(tǒng)的末端，用此測定壓力來控制水泵運(yùn)行的轉(zhuǎn)速，此時(shí)水泵的出口壓力是變化的，用戶的用水量也是變化的。

2)按控制方式分：(1)微機(jī)控制型：控制核心由單片機(jī)組成。(2)PC控制型：控制核心由可編程序控制器組成。

3)按水泵臺數(shù)分：(1)單臺式：控制一臺水泵調(diào)速運(yùn)行，另一臺泵備用，兩臺交替使用。(2)多臺并聯(lián)式：控制一臺水泵變頻調(diào)速運(yùn)行，多臺工頻運(yùn)行。還可按結(jié)構(gòu)形式和系統(tǒng)用途等方面分類。

基于PIC的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)使用的領(lǐng)域

1、自來水供水、生活小區(qū)及消防供水系統(tǒng)，亦可用于熱水供應(yīng)、恒壓噴淋等系統(tǒng)。

2、工業(yè)企業(yè)生活、生產(chǎn)供水系統(tǒng)及工廠其它需恒壓控制領(lǐng)域(如空壓機(jī)系統(tǒng)的恒壓供氣、恒壓供風(fēng))。各種場合的恒壓、變壓控制，冷卻水和循環(huán)供水系統(tǒng)。

3、污水泵站、污水處理及污水提升系統(tǒng)。

4、農(nóng)業(yè)排灌、園林噴淋、水景和音樂噴泉系統(tǒng)。

5、賓館、大型公共建筑供水及消防系統(tǒng)。

基于PIC的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)：

1.供水管網(wǎng)壓力穩(wěn)定：設(shè)備由微機(jī)構(gòu)成自動閉環(huán)控制，能在0.5秒內(nèi)使變化的壓力恢復(fù)正常，壓力調(diào)節(jié)精度為設(shè)定值的±5%。

2.供水功能全，保險(xiǎn)系數(shù)高：設(shè)備局部出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)，能啟用應(yīng)急功能繼續(xù)供水。該設(shè)備可與市政供水網(wǎng)自動并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行，并具有雙恒壓功能，即能滿足生活生產(chǎn)用水的正常壓力和流量，有能在出現(xiàn)火情時(shí)自動轉(zhuǎn)換為高壓大流量供水，可一機(jī)多用。

無負(fù)壓變頻供水設(shè)備

變頻恒壓供水設(shè)備

基于PIC的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用范圍：

1、新建的住宅小區(qū)、別墅、寫字樓、綜合樓生活供水。

2、高層建筑、消防用水、高級賓館飯店等的生活供水。

3、氣壓給水,地面水池加壓等傳統(tǒng)供水系統(tǒng)改造。

4、各種鍋爐冷水供水系統(tǒng)、鍋爐熱水。

5、自來水廠的中間加壓泵站、自來水二次增壓。

6、各工礦企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)、生活用水、管網(wǎng)穩(wěn)壓。

7、各種類型的循環(huán)水、冷卻水供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)。

8、自來水壓力不能滿足要求的生活、消防加壓供水等。

基于PIC的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)使用的領(lǐng)域

1、自來水供水、生活小區(qū)及消防供水系統(tǒng)，亦可用于熱水供應(yīng)、恒壓噴淋等系統(tǒng)。

2、工業(yè)企業(yè)生活、生產(chǎn)供水系統(tǒng)及工廠其它需恒壓控制領(lǐng)域(如空壓機(jī)系統(tǒng)的恒壓供氣、恒壓供風(fēng))。各種場合的恒壓、變壓控制，冷卻水和循環(huán)供水系統(tǒng)。

3、污水泵站、污水處理及污水提升系統(tǒng)。

4、農(nóng)業(yè)排灌、園林噴淋、水景和音樂噴泉系統(tǒng)。

5、賓館、大型公共建筑供水及消防系統(tǒng)。

基于PIC的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)適用范圍

A、城鄉(xiāng)居民生活供水

變頻供水設(shè)備廣泛用于各城鄉(xiāng)的樓宇、生活小區(qū)供水，并有效杜絕了細(xì)菌的滋生、紅蟲的繁殖，為廣大的住戶提供更純凈、更優(yōu)質(zhì)的飲用水，既保證了居民用水安全，又節(jié)約了能耗，節(jié)省了費(fèi)用開支。

典型的工程有：婁底新化鑫景名苑、邵陽洞口一中、株洲醴陵方正房產(chǎn)、長沙陽光麗景小區(qū)、衡陽鑫盛置業(yè)、江西九江德山房產(chǎn)(星子田園小區(qū))等。

B、大型賓館、酒店、醫(yī)院等商業(yè)供水

變頻供水設(shè)備廣泛應(yīng)用于各大型的賓館、酒店，能有效杜絕細(xì)菌的滋生、紅蟲的繁殖，為廣大的用戶提供更優(yōu)質(zhì)、更純凈的水，令入住的客人喝得放心，住得開心，同時(shí)也提升了企業(yè)形象。

典型的工程有：長沙奧盛酒店、湘潭潤玉酒店、韶關(guān)辦公大樓、常德清真第一春、株洲九天國際廣場、湘潭圣保力KTV、湘西民族賓館及益陽維多利亞賓館等。

C、工業(yè)供水

變頻供水設(shè)備廣泛用各類工業(yè)用水。

典型的工程有：武漢葆春蜂王漿有限公司、邵陽市科瑞化學(xué)品有限公司、株洲湘蜀自控科技公司、湖北廣水防水材料廠等。

D、舊供水系統(tǒng)的改造

絕大多數(shù)的多層樓宇及部分高層樓宇，都是采用了上行下給的水池二次供水，住戶長期受到水質(zhì)的二次污染、水漏耗大及水壓不足等困擾。

典型的工程有：中國水電八局，湘潭金榮廣場、湖南省工商業(yè)聯(lián)合會、柳城海潤廣場、株洲中央皇庭、湘潭新城庭院、湘潭湖湘林語等。

E、“一戶一表”改造的配套使用

典型的工程有：常德澧縣自來水廠、常德桃源縣白洋河自來水廠，株洲醴陵孫家灣自來水廠、邵東翰林院項(xiàng)目等。