第一篇：初一情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解及練習(xí)附答案

(could), may(might), must, have to, shall(should, will(would), dare(dared), need(needed), ought to等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化；不能單獨(dú)使用，必須與其后的動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)

一、can, could

1)表示能力（體力、知識(shí)、技能）。Can you lift this heavy box?（體力）

Mary can speak three languages.（知識(shí)）Can you skate?（技能）

此時(shí)可用be able to代替。Can只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去式；而be able to則有更多的時(shí)態(tài)。

I‘ll not be able to come this afternoon.當(dāng)表示―經(jīng)過(guò)努力才得以做成功某事‖時(shí)應(yīng)用be able to，不能用Can。如：

He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2)表示請(qǐng)求和允許。

-----Can I go now?-----Yes, you can./ No, you can‘t.此時(shí)可與may互換。在疑問(wèn)句中還可用could, might代替，不是過(guò)去式，只是語(yǔ)氣更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答語(yǔ)中。

----Could I come to see you tomorrow?----Yes, you can.(No, I‘m afraid not.)3)表示客觀可能性（客觀原因形成的能力）。

They‘ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people at least.4)表示推測(cè)（驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度），用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和感嘆句中。

Can this be true? This can‘t be done by him.How can this be true?

二、may, might

1)表示請(qǐng)求和允許。might比 may語(yǔ)氣更委婉，而不是過(guò)去式。否定回答時(shí)可用can‘t 或mustn‘t，表示―不可以，禁止‖。---Might/ May I smoke in this room?----No, you mustn‘t.---May/Might I take this book out of the room?

----Yes, you can.(No, you can‘t / mustn‘t.)用May I...？征徇對(duì)方許可時(shí)比較正式和客氣，而用Can I...？在口語(yǔ)中更常見。

2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed!3)表示推測(cè)、可能性（不用于疑問(wèn)句）。might不是過(guò)去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。

1．He may /might be very busy now.2．Your mother may /might not know the truth.三、must, have to 1)表示必須、必要。You must come in time.在回答引出的問(wèn)句時(shí)，如果是否定的，不能用mustn‘t（禁止，不準(zhǔn)），而用needn‘t, don‘t have to（不必）.----Must we hand in our exercise books today?----Yes, you must.----No, you don‘t have to / you needn‘t.2)must是說(shuō)話人的主觀看法，而have to則強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。Must只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，have to 有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式。1． he play isn‘t interesting, I really must go now.2． I had to work when I was your age.3)表示推測(cè)、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句）

1． You‘re Tom‘s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.2． Your mother must be waiting for you now.四、dare, need

1)dare作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí), 常用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件從句中, 過(guò)去式形式為dared。

1． How dare you say I‘m unfair? 2． He daren‘t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?

3． If we dared not go there that day，we couldn‘t get the beautiful flowers.2)need 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí), 常用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。1．You needn‘t come so early.2.----Need I finish the work today?----Yes, you must./ No, you needn‘t.3)dare和 need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接帶to的不定式。在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，dare后面可接帶to或不帶to的不定式。而need后面只能接帶to的不定式。

1.I dare to swim across this river.2.He doesn‘t dare(to)answer.3.He needs to finish his homework today.五、shall, should 1)shall 用于第一人稱，征求對(duì)方的意見。What shall we do this evening? 2)shall 用于第二、三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。

1.You shall fail if you don‘t work hard.(警告)2.He shall have the book when I finish it.(允諾)3.He shall be punished.(威脅)

六、will, would

1)表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，would更委婉。Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?

2)表示意志、愿望和決心。1.I will never do that again.2.They asked him if he would go abroad.3)would表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向。would表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣時(shí)比used to正式，且有―現(xiàn)已無(wú)此習(xí)慣‖的含義。1.During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.2.The wound would not heal.4)表示估計(jì)和猜想。It would be about ten o‘clock when she left home.七、should, ought to 1)should, ought to表示―應(yīng)該‖，ought to表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，比should語(yǔ)氣重。1.I should help her because she is in trouble.2.You ought to take care of the baby.2)表示勸告、建議和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑問(wèn)句中常用should。

1.You should / ought to go to class right away.2.Should I open the window? 3)表示推測(cè)

should , ought to(客觀推測(cè)), must(主觀推測(cè))。1.He must be home by now.(斷定他已到家)2.He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定)3.This is where the oil must be.(直爽)4.This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 表示能力，意為 ―能 會(huì)‖

表示推測(cè)，意為 ―可能‖，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中

表示請(qǐng)求，允許，意為―可以‖

could can 的過(guò)去式，意為―能、會(huì)‖，表示過(guò)去的能力

在疑問(wèn)句中表示委婉請(qǐng)求

may 表示請(qǐng)求、許可，意為―可以‖

表示推測(cè)，常用于肯定句中，意為―可能、也許‖

might may的過(guò)去式

表示推測(cè)，常用于肯定句中，意為― 可能、也許 ‖

must 表示主觀看法，意為―必須、應(yīng)該‖

表示有把握的推測(cè)，用語(yǔ)肯定句

Need 表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中

dare 表示敢于，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中

should 意為― 應(yīng)該‖，表示要求和命令

表示勸告、建議

had better 意為 ―最好‖，表示建議

used to 意為 ―過(guò)去常常，表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作、行為

考點(diǎn)知識(shí)清單

知識(shí)梳理

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有具體的詞義，但也同助動(dòng)詞一樣，需要與其他詞語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語(yǔ)，另外情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)喲人稱和數(shù)的變化，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后必須跟動(dòng)詞原形。

考點(diǎn)一 can，may，must 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在陳述句中的用法

1.can 的用法

（1）表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時(shí)一般譯為―能、會(huì)‖，即有種能力，尤其是生來(lái)具備的能力，此時(shí)may 和must 均不可代替它。如：

She can swim fast, but I can‘t.她能游得很快，但我不能。

I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。

（2）表示可能、能夠。如：

I can finish it in an hour.我能在一小時(shí)后完成它。

（3）表示許可，常在口語(yǔ)中。如：

You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。

（4）表示推測(cè)，意為―可能‖，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，此時(shí)can‘t 譯為― 不可能‖。如：

Can the news be true? 這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真的嗎？

----Can it be our teacher?

那個(gè)人有可能是我們老師嗎？

----No, it can‘t be our teacher.He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱們老師正在游覽長(zhǎng)城呢。

例---I think Miss Gao must be in the library.She said she would go there.-----No.She __ be there, I have just been there.A.can‘t B.mustn‘t C.needn‘t D.wouldn‘t

[解析]

根據(jù)下文―我剛?cè)ミ^(guò)那兒‖可知，應(yīng)為― 不可能‖，can‘t 表示推測(cè)

[答案] A

2.could的用法

（1）can的過(guò)去式，意為― 能、會(huì)‖，表示過(guò)去的能力。如：

He could write poems when he was 10.他十歲時(shí)就會(huì)寫詩(shī)。

（2）could 在疑問(wèn)句中，表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣，此時(shí) could 沒(méi)有過(guò)去式的意思。如:

Could you do me a favour? 你能幫我個(gè)忙嗎？

---Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎?

--Yes, you can.可以。

3.may的用法

（1）表示請(qǐng)求、許可，比can 正式，如：

May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行車嗎？

You may go home now.現(xiàn)在你可以回家了。

例----_______ I borrow your MP3?

-----Sure.Here you are.A.May B.Should C.Must D.Would

【解析】 在此處表示請(qǐng)求，意為― 做……可以嗎‖。

答案 A

(2)表示推測(cè)，談?wù)摽赡苄裕鉃楱D 可能，或許‖，一般用于肯定句中。如：

It may rain tomorrow.明天可能會(huì)下雨。

She may be at home.她可能在家呢.(3)may的過(guò)去式為might，表示推測(cè)時(shí)?？赡苄缘陀趍ay。如：

He is away from school.He might be sick.他離開學(xué)校了，可能是他生病了。

4.must的用法

(1)must 表示主觀看法，意為―必須、一定‖。如：

You must stay here until I come back.在我回來(lái)之前你必須呆在這兒。

Must I hand in my homework right now?

我必須現(xiàn)在交作業(yè)嗎？

(2)其否定形式mustn‘t 表示― 一定不要 ‖ ―千萬(wàn)別‖ ―禁止, 不許‖.如：

You mustn‘t play with fire.你不許玩火。

You mustn‘t be late.你一定不要遲到。

（3）對(duì)must引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答為must，否定回答為needn‘t 或 don‘t have to.如：

---Must I finish my homework?

我現(xiàn)在必須完成作業(yè)嗎？

---No, you needn‘t.不，你不必。

(4)must 表示有把握的推測(cè)，用于肯定句。如:

The light is on, so he must be at home now.燈亮著，他現(xiàn)在肯定在家。

注意其反意問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成形式：

當(dāng)must 表示 肯定的判斷、推測(cè)時(shí)，其反意疑問(wèn)句要用實(shí)際問(wèn)句的助動(dòng)詞來(lái)構(gòu)成。

如：

She must have finished writing, hasn‘t she?

她一定已經(jīng)寫完了，不是嗎？

5.need的用法

（1）need 表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，其否定形式為needn‘t，意為―沒(méi)有必要，不必‖。用need 提問(wèn)時(shí)，肯定回答為 must，否定回答為 needn‘t。如：

----Need I stay here any longer? 我還有必要留在這兒?jiǎn)幔?/p>

----Yes, you must.是的。

-----No.you needn‘t.不，你不必。

(2)need 還可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，后邊多接動(dòng)詞不定式。如：

I need to do it right now.我需要馬上做這件事。

He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那個(gè)女孩。

6.dare 的用法

dare意為―敢、敢于‖, 用法近似于need，有兩種詞性：

（1）dare 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，多用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或條件句中，無(wú)第三人稱單數(shù)形式，只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：

Dare he tell them what he knows?

他敢告訴他們所知道的情況嗎？

I daren‘t ask her – will you do it for me?

我可不敢問(wèn)她，你能幫我問(wèn)問(wèn)嗎？

（2）dare 作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)有人稱、數(shù)及時(shí)態(tài)的變化。如：

He doesn‘t dare to break his promise.他不敢食言。

注意： 在口語(yǔ)中，dare 的各種形式常與不帶to 的不定式連用。如：

Do you dare tell her what I said?

你敢告訴她我說(shuō)的話嗎？

I didn‘t dare look at him.我不敢看他。

7.shall 的用法

（1）shall 表示征求對(duì)方意見（多用于第一、三人稱），如：

Shall we go out for a walk? 我們出去散步好嗎？

(2)表示決心、警告、命令（多用于第二、三人稱），如：

No one shall bring your beepers or mobile phones in the exam.考試中任何人不準(zhǔn)帶BP機(jī)和手機(jī)。

8.should的用法

（1）should 意為―應(yīng)該‖，可表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)、責(zé)任等。如：

We should protect the environment.我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)環(huán)境。

（2）should(would)like to do sth.表示―想要、愿意做某事‖，常用于口語(yǔ)中。如：

I should(would)like to go with you.我愿意和你一起去。

Would you like to go with me? 你想和我一起去嗎？

（3）Should have done 表示對(duì)過(guò)去動(dòng)作的責(zé)備、批評(píng)。如：

You should have finished your homework.你應(yīng)該已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。（事實(shí)上你沒(méi)有完成。）

9.will 的用法

will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多種人稱。如：

I will help you if I‘m free this afternoon.今天下午如果我有空，我就會(huì)幫你。

10.had better 的用法

had better 意為―最好‖，沒(méi)有人稱的變化，后面接不帶to 的不定式，其否定形式為： had better not。如：

We had better go now.我們最好現(xiàn)在就走。

You had better not give the book to him.你最好不要把這本書給他。

考點(diǎn)二 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的疑問(wèn)句

1.由 can、may、must構(gòu)成的疑問(wèn)句

（1）句式： Can/ May/ Must… + 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+….？ 如：

Can you repair the car? 你會(huì)修小汽車嗎？

Could he be a good student? 他能是名好學(xué)生嗎？

May I borrow your ruler? 我可以借你的尺子嗎？

Must we clean the room now?我們必須現(xiàn)在打掃房間嗎？

（2）對(duì) may 引出的問(wèn)句，可以有下列回答方式：

Yes, of course.Yes, certainly.Sure.No, you mustn‘t.No, you can‘t.（3）對(duì)must引出的疑問(wèn)句，回答方式為：

Yes, …must.No,… needn‘t/ don‘t have to.2.will，would，shall 的用法

（1）will 在一般疑問(wèn)句中表示客氣的―請(qǐng)求、勸說(shuō)‖。would 是will 的過(guò)去式，語(yǔ)氣更加客氣、委婉。如：

Would you show me your picture book? 你能讓我看看你的畫冊(cè)嗎？

Will you please give me a call? 請(qǐng)給我打個(gè)電話好嗎？

（2）對(duì) will/ would you… 的回答方式有以下幾種：

Yes, I will.(No, I won‘t.)

Sure.(I‘m sorry , I can‘t.)

All right.Certainly.(No, thank you.)

Yes, please.例---Would you do me a favour and pass on my thanks to Lily?

-----________.A.That‘s right B.With pleasure C.It doesn‘t matter D.No trouble

解析 A.意為―對(duì)了‖，B.意為― 樂(lè)意效勞‖, C.意為― 沒(méi)關(guān)系‖ D.意為―不費(fèi)事‖。

答案 B

（3）shall引出的疑問(wèn)句用于第一人稱，表示征求對(duì)方意見或客氣的請(qǐng)求。如：

我給你把門打開好嗎？

我們現(xiàn)在開始好嗎？

其回答方式有以下幾種：

Yes, please.All right.No, thank you.考點(diǎn)三 不同情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定意義也不同

1.（1）can‘t可譯為―不會(huì)‖，如：I can‘t play basketball.我不會(huì)打籃球。

（2）當(dāng)句子表推測(cè)時(shí)，用can‘t 表達(dá)不可能，如：

He can‘t be ill.He is playing chess with Tom.他不可能病了，他正和Tom 下棋呢。

（3）can‘t 還可用來(lái)回答― May I …? ‖ 這樣的問(wèn)句。如：

May I come in ? 我可以進(jìn)來(lái)嗎？

No, you mustn‘t./ can‘t.不，你不能。

（4）can‘t 還可用于固定習(xí)語(yǔ)中。如：

She can‘t help crying.她不禁大哭起來(lái)。

2.may 的否定式為 may not，譯成― 可能不‖，如：

He may not be at home.他也許不在家。

3.（1）mustn‘t 表示不許，不可。如：

He mustn‘t leave his room.他不許離開他的房間。

You mustn‘t talk in class.你們不可以在課上說(shuō)話。

(2)mustn‘t 也可用于以 may 表示要求時(shí)的否定回答中。如：

——May I stand here? 我可以站在這里嗎？

------No, you mustn‘t(can‘t).不，不行。

4.（1）needn‘t 意為― 不必‖。如：

You needn‘t meet him unless you‘d like to.你不需要見他，除非你愿意。

（2）needn‘t + have+ 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，表不需要完成但已完成的動(dòng)作，暗含時(shí)間或精力上的浪費(fèi)。如：

You needn‘t have bought it.你沒(méi)必要買它（但你卻買了）。

5.shouldn‘t 表示不應(yīng)該。如：

You shouldn‘t feel so unhappy over such little things.對(duì)于這種小事，你不應(yīng)該感到這么不高興。

考點(diǎn)四 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + done(動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞)。

做題時(shí)要兼顧情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)這兩個(gè)方面。如：

You needn‘t get up so early every day.你不必每天都起這么早。

She shouldn‘t speak t her mother in that way.她不應(yīng)該用那種方式和媽媽說(shuō)話。

More and more trees must be planted in China.在中國(guó)必須種植更多的樹木。

Many of the stars can not be seen because they are far away from us.很多星星我們都看不到，因?yàn)樗鼈冸x 我們太遠(yuǎn)了。

易混知識(shí)清單

知識(shí)歸納

易混點(diǎn)一 can 和 be able to

兩者表示能力時(shí)用法相同，但 can 只有原形 ―can‖ 和過(guò)去式― could ‖兩種形式，在其他時(shí)態(tài)中 要用be able to 來(lái)表示。另外 be able to 常常指經(jīng)過(guò)努力，花費(fèi)了時(shí)間和勞力之后才能做到某事。如：

Jim can‘t speak English.吉姆不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。

He could speak English at 5.他五歲時(shí) 就會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。

We‘ll be able to see him next week.下星期我們將會(huì)見到他。

He has been able to drive.他已經(jīng)會(huì)開車了。

I ? m sure you ?ll be able to finish it quickly.我相信你能迅速地完成。

We were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon.我們能在中午到達(dá)山頂。

易混點(diǎn)二 can和may

1.can 和 may 均可用來(lái)征求意見或許可，意為―可以‖，一般可互換使用。如：

Can/ May I help you ? 我能幫助你嗎？

2.can 和may 表示可能性時(shí)的區(qū)別：

1)在肯定句中用 might，may，must，不用can

2)在疑問(wèn)句中表示推測(cè)用 can，不用 might，may，must

3)在否定句中用can‘t（不可能），不用 may，must。如：

She may be in the classroom.她可能在教室里。

Where can they be now? 他們現(xiàn)在可能在哪兒？

That can‘t be true.那不可能是真的。

易混點(diǎn)三 may be 和maybe

用法區(qū)別 常用位置

may be may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，be為動(dòng)詞原形 句中，作謂語(yǔ)

maybe 副詞，大概、也許，相當(dāng)于perhaps 句首，作狀語(yǔ)

He may be wrong , but I‘m not sure.也許他錯(cuò)了，但我也不確定。

易混點(diǎn)四 can‘t 和 mustn‘t

1.can‘t 根據(jù)其基本用法可譯為：

（1）不會(huì)，如：

I can‘t speak English.我不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。

（2）不能，如：

We can‘t do it now because it‘s too dark.天太黑了，我們現(xiàn)在干不了。

（3）不可能，如：

那個(gè)人不可能是咱們老師，他年輕得多。

The man can‘t be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher..2.mustn‘t 意為― 禁止、不許‖，用來(lái)表達(dá)命令，表示強(qiáng)烈的語(yǔ)氣。如：

You mustn‘t play football in the street.It‘s too dangerous.你不可以在街上踢足球，太危險(xiǎn)了。

易混點(diǎn)五 must 和 have to 1.must 側(cè)重于個(gè)人意志和主觀上的必要，還可以在間接引語(yǔ)中表示過(guò)去的必要或業(yè)務(wù)。

2.have to 側(cè)重于客觀上的必要，可用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)。如：

I know I must study hard.我知道我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。

My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.我弟弟病得厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。

I haven‘t got any money with me, so I‘ll have to borrow some from my friend.我身上沒(méi)帶錢，只好向朋友借點(diǎn)了。

He said they must work hard.他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。

易混點(diǎn)六 need，dare 的兩種用法

3.need，dare 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是，多用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句中，后接動(dòng)詞原形。如：

You needn‘t explain it to me.你不必向我解釋這件事。

Dare you say that again? 你敢再說(shuō)一遍嗎？

3.在肯定句中，它們后邊多接動(dòng)詞不定式，此時(shí)為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。如：

Tom needs to fetch the bool for me.湯姆需要給我取回那本書。

Mary dared to go across the street by herself.瑪麗敢自己過(guò)馬路。

易混點(diǎn) 七 used to do / be used to doing / be used to do…

used to do 表示過(guò)去常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去，只用于過(guò)去，注意用 to do，不用doing形式；而be used to doing 意為―習(xí)慣做…‖，be 可有各種時(shí)態(tài)； be used to do 意為―……被使用去做……,‖ 為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。如：

My father used to eating meat.我父親過(guò)去起床晚，但現(xiàn)在不得不早起了。

She is used to eating meat.她習(xí)慣吃肉。

He wasn‘t used to eating in a restaurant.他不習(xí)慣在飯店吃飯。

Knives are used to cut things.刀是被用來(lái)切東西的。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

方法技巧清單

方法技巧

方法一 了解命題規(guī)律

測(cè)試內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)頻率較高的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要集中在 can，may，must，need 等次的用法上，重點(diǎn)為以下四點(diǎn):

1.can，could 表能力的用法。

2.常見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的提問(wèn)和回答，尤其是 May I …？ No，you mustn‘t/ can‘t.Must I …?

No, you needn‘t/

3.表示推測(cè)的用法，肯定句中用may（可能），must（一定），否定句中用may not（可能不），can‘t（不可能）。注意 can‘t 與mustn‘t 的區(qū)別。

4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

方法二 掌握突破方法

1.從整體上把握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法。

例 — ________ you pass me a pen? I‘d like to write down the phone number.—Sure.Here it is.A.Can B.Need C.Might D.Must

【解析】 由題干可知，本句表示請(qǐng)求、許可。

【答案】 A

2.逐個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)，了解每個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法特征。

例 —May I go to the cinema, mum? — Certainly, but you ________ be back by 11 o‘clock.A.can B.may C.must D.need

[解析] 由題意可知，此處并非表推測(cè)的用法，而是媽媽對(duì)孩子提出的要求，故選C, 意為― 必須‖。

[答案] C

3.認(rèn)真區(qū)別具有相同功能的、意思相近的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。

例 You ______ get there by bus.A.don‘t need B.needn‘t to C.don‘t need to D.need don‘t to

【解析】 由選項(xiàng)A 可知 need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，故應(yīng)加上to 才正確。選項(xiàng) B needn‘t為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)去掉to，故選 C.答案 C

4.解答情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的題目時(shí)，一定要細(xì)心領(lǐng)會(huì)情景特征，不要放過(guò)任何細(xì)節(jié)，只有這樣才能找到足夠的信息，確定最佳答案。

例 You _______ worry about me.It‘s nothing serious.A.can‘t B.mustn‘t C.needn‘t D.won‘t

【解析】 由題干 It‘s nothing serious 可推斷，第一句意為―你不必為我擔(dān)心‖，故選C。本題易錯(cuò)選B, mustn‘t 意為―禁止‖，故不正確。

答案 C

易錯(cuò)題型清單錯(cuò)題透視錯(cuò)因一 語(yǔ)境理解錯(cuò)誤例—Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Please? —Sorry, I‘m not sure.But it _______ be.[分析] 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞might 表推測(cè)的用法。―I‘m not sure‖ 說(shuō)明說(shuō)話者的語(yǔ)氣并不肯定，所以要用 might。

答案 A【錯(cuò)因透視】 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)時(shí)，肯定句中用 might，may，must，其肯定程度遞增。

錯(cuò)因二 否定形式混淆

例 The man in the office___be Mr.Black because he went home just now.A.mustn‘t B.may not C.can‘t D.needn‘t

【分析】 由下文 he went home just now 可知，作者判斷辦公室里那個(gè)人（不可能是Mr.Black。mustn‘t 意為―千萬(wàn)別‖，may not 意為 ―可能不‖，needn‘t意為―不必‖。

can‘t 意為不可能，故選C。

答案 C

【錯(cuò)因透視】 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式含義不同，要牢記每個(gè)否定式的不同含義。

錯(cuò)因三 相似詞語(yǔ)混淆

例---Can you go surfing with us this afternoon?

----I‘d like to , but I __ look after my sister at home , because my mother is ill.A.need B.must C.have to D.should

【分析】 由題干my mother is ill 為客觀要求可知，選C.答案 C

[錯(cuò)因透視] 相似詞組must 表示主觀愿望，have to 則為客觀要求。學(xué)生由于不清楚這一點(diǎn)而誤選B項(xiàng)。

錯(cuò)因四 疑問(wèn)答語(yǔ) 易錯(cuò)解

例----May I take this book out of the reading room?

------______.Please read it here.A.Certainly B.No, you needn‘t C.No, you mustn‘t D.No, you may not

【分析】 May I …? 的否定答語(yǔ)為 No, you can‘t/ mustn‘t.;Must I …?否定答語(yǔ)為 No，you needn‘t/don‘t have to.;Can I …? 的否定答語(yǔ)為 No，you can‘t.在口語(yǔ)交際中，要體會(huì)句子中的情感差別。

【答案】 C

【錯(cuò)因透視】學(xué)生由于看到問(wèn)句中用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may 而誤選D項(xiàng)。應(yīng)該注意在有問(wèn)話與答語(yǔ)的上下文中，下文不一定要填上文出現(xiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，而要注意情感的細(xì)微變化。

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí)(1)

1． May I stop my car here? No, you_＿＿＿.A.can't B.mustn't C.needn't D.don't have to 2.Must we clean the house now? No, you _______.A.needn't B.may not C.mustn't D.can't 3.John his father about his failure in the exam.A.dares not tell B.dares not telling C.dare not tell D.dares not to tell 4.You return the book now.You can keep it next week if you like.A.can't B.mustn't C.needn't D.may not 5.Johnny, you play with the knife, you hurt yourself.A.won't...can't B.mustn't...may C.shouldn't, must D.can't...shouldn't 6.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get out.A.had to B.would C.could D.was able to 7.Would you go out for a walk with me? No, I.My girl friend is coming.A.wouldn't B.shall not C.won't D.shouldn't 8.Man die without water.A.will B.can C.need D.shall 9.If he started at 9 0'clock, he be there by now.A.need B.shall C.ought to D.must 10.I mailed the letter two weeks ago.She_____it.A.must receive B.can't receive C.might receive D.must have received 11.The professor gave orders that the experiment before 5:30p.m.A.be finished B.will finish C.must be finished D.would be finished 12.There was plenty of time.You_____.A.mustn't hurry B.mustn't have hurried C.needn't hurry D.needn't have hurried 13.Tom was a diligent boy.He go to school though it was raining hard.was able to B.could C.couldn't D.wasn't able to

14.______I go back before lunch? No, I don't think you________.A.Need...must B.Do...need to C.Must...have to D.May....ought to 15.The teacher do all the exercises, but a pupil_______.A.needn't....must B.may not...must C.needn't....needn't D.can't....must 16.Would you open the window please ? Yes, I______.A.will B.would C.do D.can 17.A lion only attacks a human being when it is hungry.A.should B.can C.will D.shall 18.____Must I finish this novel this morning ? ____No, you_____.A.mustn't B.might not C.don't have to D.can't 19.The taxi ____ only hold six passengers.It is full.You take the next one.A.may...may B.can...may C.may...can D.must...can 20.I a little earlier, but I met a friend of mine on the way.A.may come B.may have come C.could have come D.must have come 21.I wish to go home now, I? A.may B.can't C.must D.do 22.He must have finished his homework, he? A.mustn't B.didn't C.needn't D.hasn't 23.This pen looks like mine, yet it isn't.Whose it be? A.must B.can C.may D.might 24.He didn't do well in the exam.He hard at his lessons.A.must have worked B.ought to have worked C.would have worked D.has worked 25.I wonder how he that to the teacher.A.dare to say B.dare saying C.not dare say D.dared say 26.Mr Baker, a number of students want to see you._____ they wait here or outside? A.Should B.Will C.Shall D.Are 27.You the trees.Look, it is raining now.A.mustn't have watered B.needn't have watered C.could have watered D.might have watered 28.I give you an answer tomorrow.I promise!A.must B.will C.may D.shall 29.As a soldier, you do as the head tells you.A.will B.shall C.may D.ought 30.The streets are all dry.It_____ during the night.A.can't have rained B.must have rained C.couldn't rain D.shouldn't have rained 31.“When _____ he leave the hospital?” I asked the doctor.A.will B.shall C.can D.may 32.They have not finish the work up to now.____Well, they ______ A.should have B.should C.ought to D.ought have 33.Since it is already midnight, we______.A.had better leaving B.ought to have leave C.should take our leave D.might as well leave 34.you be happy!A.May B.Can C.Must D.Would 35.Must we come tomorrow? A.No, you can't B.No, you needn't C.No, you mustn't D.No, you may not 36.You miss the lesson, though we have it on Thursday.A.mustn't...needn't B.needn't....mustn't C.mustn't...mustn't D.needn't...needn't 37.To succeed in a difficult task,_____.A.one needs to work hard B.to work hard is needed C.you need be a hard working person D.to work hard is what one needs 38.In case I______, I would try again.A.will fail B.would miss C.should fail D.shall miss 39.Some people feel that handguns______.A.should control B.should be controlled C.must be controlling D.can be control 40.______ open the door for you ? A.Would you like that I B.Do you want that I C.Will I D.Shall I 41.My son ____ the examination, but he wasn't careful enough.A.might be able to pass B.must have passed C.could have passed D.were able to pass 42.Isn't it strange that the lazy boy pass the exam? A.should B.has C.might D.would 43.We the work so early without your help.A.couldn't finish B.can't finish C.couldn't have finished D.can't have finished 44.We the manager, but no one _____ his telephone number.A.could have called, knew B.could have called, had known C.could call, had known D.could call, knew 45.“Would you come and join them?” “I wish I.But I am busy at this moment.A.can't B.couldn't C.could D.can 46.If Alice this afternoon, the meeting should be put off.A.would not come B.might not come C.should not come D.could not come 47.I didn't see her in the meeting room this morning.She at the meeting.A.mustn't have spoken B.shouldn't have spoken C.needn't have spoken D.couldn't have spoken 48.With so much work on hand, you to see the game last night.A.mustn't go B.shouldn't go C.couldn't have gone D.shouldn't have gone 49.I thought you like something to read, so I have brought you some books.A.may B.might C.could D.must 50.There was plenty of time.She______.A.mustn't have hurried B.couldn't have hurried C.must not hurry D.needn't have hurried 51.It's still early, you______.A.mustn't hurry B.wouldn't hurry C.may not hurry D.don't have to hurry 52.Please open the window,________? A.can't you B.aren't you C.do you D.will you 53.We for her because she never came.A.mustn't have waited B.shouldn't have waited C.mustn't wait D.needn't wait 54.May I stop here? No, you ____.A.mustn't B.might not C.needn't D.won't 55.He _____ you more help, even though he was very busy.A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give 56.I didn't see her in the meeting room this morning.She at the meeting.A.mustn't have spoken B.shouldn't have spoken C: needn't have spoken D.couldn't have spoken 57.Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you______.A.might B.will C.can D.should 58.Please don't make a noise.--I'll be as quiet as a mouse.A.Yes, I won't B.No, I won't C.No, I will D.Yes, I will 59.The young man has made so much noise that he not have been allowed to attend the concert.A.could B.must C.would D.should 60.One ought for what one has done.A.not to be punished B.to not be punished C.to not punished D.not be punished 61.If you really want yourself to be in good health, you must always so much..A.not, be smoking B.not, have smoked C.not, to smoke D.be not, smoking 62.Where is Mary? She isn't here.I think she_____.A.may have gone home B.must have gone home C.might have gone home D.All the above 63.I think Helen is at home.No, she be at home, for she phoned me from the airport just five minutes ago.A.mustn't B.needn't C.can't D.dared not 64.She is already two hours late.What to her? A.can have happened B.may have happened C.should have happened D.must happen 65.― he be watching TV now?‖ ”Yes, he be watching TV now?“ ”No, he be watching TV now." A.Must, can, mustn't B.Can ,must, can't C.Can, can, mustn't D.May, must, needn't 66.You must be a writer, ______? A.mustn't you B.are you C.must you D.aren't you 67.You must have seen him last night, ? A.haven't you B.didn't you C.don't you D.must you 68.I got up early this morning, but I _______so because I had no work to do.A.mustn't have done B.didn't need to do C.needn't have done D.can't have done 69.Let's say that you could go there again, how feel? A.will you B.should you C.would you D.do you 70.I daren't tell you what he did for fear that he angry with.A.will be B.is C.was D.should be 71.Without the leadership of the Party, there no New China.A.would be B.has been C.was D.should be 72.It is necessary that we a foreign language.A.must master B.ought to master C.master D.should master 73.Most of the students felt rather disappointed at the English party.They say that it _______ better organized.A.had been B.had to be C.must have been D.could have been 74.I am surprised that he to help me when I needed it most.A.should refuse B.would have refused C.should have refused to D.may have refused 75.Look!Tom is too sleepy to work.He __ up watching TV.A.mustn't have stayed B.shouldn't have stayed C.mustn't stay D.ought not to say.練習(xí)題答案

1－10

BACCB

DCADD 11－20

ADACA

ACCBC 21－30

ADBBD

CBBBA 31－40

BADAB

AACBD 41－50

CACAC

CDDBD 51－60

DDBAA

DCBDA 61－70

ADCAB

DBCCB 71－75

ADDCB

第二篇：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法經(jīng)典練習(xí)

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法經(jīng)典練習(xí)：

1.He ______ you more help, even though he was very busy.A.might have givenB.might giveC.may have givenD.may give

2.Jenny______ have kept her word.I wonder why she changed her mind.A.mustB.shouldC.needD.would

3..-Could I borrow your dictionary?

-Yes, of course you_________

A.mightB.will C.canD.should

4.I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ______ for her.A.had to write it outB.must have written it out

C.should have written it outD.ought to write it out

5.—Shall I tell John about it?

—No, you ______.I've told him already.A.needn'tB.wouldn't

C.mustn'tD.shouldn't

6.─There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.─ It______ a comfortable journey.A.can't beB.shouldn't be

C.mustn't have beenD.couldn't have been

7.It's nearly seven o'clock.Jack______ be here at any moment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can

8..When he was there, he______ go to that coffee shop at the corner after workevery day.A.wouldB.shouldC.had betterD.might

9..Sir, you _____ be sitting in this waiting room.It is for women and children only.A.oughtn't toB.can't

C.won'tD.needn't

10.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.A.had toB.wouldC.couldD.was able to

11.--When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.--They _____be ready by 12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need

12..--I stayed at a hotel while in New York.--Oh, did you? You_ ____with Barbara.A.could have stayedB.could stay

C.would stayD.must have stayed

13.－Will you stay for lunch?

－Sorry,＿＿＿＿＿ ,My brother is coming to see me.A.I mustn'tB.I can'tC.I needn'tD.I won't

14.Sorry I'm late.I ______ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will

15.I should have been there, but I _______ not find the time.A.wouldB.couldC.mightD.should

16.My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ___ your lecture.A.couldn't have attendedB.needn't have attended

C.mustn't have attendedD.shouldn't have attended

17.---Are you coming to Jeff's party?

---I'm not sure.I ________go to the concert instead.A．mustB．wouldC．shouldD．might

18.Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How _________ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?

A．canB．shouldC．mayD．mustHe hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ________ a goal.A．had scoredB．scored

C．would scoreD．would have scored

20.—Write to me when you get home.—_________

A．I mustB．I shouldC．I willD．I can

21.I was really anxious about you.You _____ home without a word.A.mustn't leaveB.Shouldn't have left

C.Couldn't have leftD.needn't leave

22.Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach, I______so much fried chicken just now.A.shouldn’t cutB.mustn’t have eaten

C.shouldn’t have eatenD.mustn’t eat

23.--I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.--It _____ be true because there was little snow there.A may not beB won’t beC couldn’t beD mustn’t be

24.It has been announced that candidates_____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been

collected.A canB willC mayD shall

25.A left-luggage office is a place where bags ______ be lefe for a short time, especially in a

railway station.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will

26.---I don't mind telling you what I know.A.mustn'tB.may notC.can'tD.needn’t

27.I often see lights in that empty house.Do you think I _____ report it to the police?

A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can

28.Mr.White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up.A.should have arrivedB.should arrive

C.should have had arrivedD.should be arriving

29.You ______ be tired-you've only been working for an hour.A.must notB.won' tC.can' tD.may not

30.— Who is the girl standing over there ?

— Well , if youknow , her name is Mabel.A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall

Keys:

1-5 ABCCA6-10DCAAD 11-15 BABAB16-20ADADC 21-25 BCCDB26-30 DAACC

第三篇：高中英語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí)

高中英語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí)

1.He ______ you more help, even though he was very busy.A.might have givenB.might give C.may have givenD.may give

2.Jenny______ have kept her word.I wonder why she changed her mind.A.mustB.shouldC.need D.would

3..-Could I borrow your dictionary?

-Yes, of course you_________

A.mightB.will C.canD.should

4.I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ______ for her.A.had to write it outB.must have written it out

C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out

5.—Shall I tell John about it?

—No, you ______.I've told him already.A.needn'tB.wouldn't

C.mustn'tD.shouldn't

6.─There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.─ It______ a comfortable journey.A.can't beB.shouldn't be

C.mustn't have beenD.couldn't have been

7.It's nearly seven o'clock.Jack______ be here at any moment.A.mustB.needC.should D.can

8..When he was there, he______ go to that coffee shop at the corner after workevery day.A.wouldB.shouldC.had betterD.might

9..Sir, you _____ be sitting in this waiting room.It is for women and children only.A.oughtn't toB.can't

C.won'tD.needn't

10.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.A.had toB.wouldC.couldD.was able to

11.--When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.--They _____be ready by 12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need

12..--I stayed at a hotel while in New York.--Oh, did you? You_ ____with Barbara.A.could have stayedB.could stay

C.would stayD.must have stayed

13.－Will you stay for lunch?

－Sorry,＿＿＿＿＿ ,My brother is coming to see me.A.I mustn't B.I can't C.I needn't D.I won't

14.Sorry I'm late.I ______ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will

15.I should have been there, but I _______ not find the time.A.wouldB.couldC.mightD.should

16.My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ___ your lecture.A.couldn't have attendedB.needn't have attended

C.mustn't have attendedD.shouldn't have attended

17.---Are you coming to Jeff's party?

---I'm not sure.I ________go to the concert instead.A．mustB．wouldC．shouldD．might

18.Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How _________ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?

A．can B．shouldC．mayD．mustHe hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ________ a goal.A．had scored B．scored

C．would score D．would have scored

20.—Write to me when you get home.—_________

A．I mustB．I shouldC．I willD．I can

21.I was really anxious about you.You _____ home without a word.A.mustn't leaveB.Shouldn't have left

C.Couldn't have leftD.needn't leave

22.Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach, I______so much fried chicken just now.A.shouldn’t cutB.mustn’t have eaten

C.shouldn’t have eatenD.mustn’t eat

23.--I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.--It _____ be true because there was little snow there.A may not be B won’t be C couldn’t be D mustn’t be

24.It has been announced that candidates_____ remain in their seats until all the papers have

been collected.A can B will C may D shall

25.A left-luggage office is a place where bags ______ be lefe for a short time, especially in

a railway station.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will

26.---I don't mind telling you what I know.---You.I'm not asking you for it.A.mustn'tB.may notC.can'tD.needn’t

27.I often see lights in that empty house.Do you think I _____ report it to the police?

A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can

28.Mr.White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up.A.should have arrivedB.should arrive

D.should be arriving C.should have had arrived

29.You ______ be tired-you've only been working for an hour.A.must notB.won' tC.can' tD.may not

30.— Who is the girl standing over there ?

— Well , if youknow , her name is Mabel.A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall

Keys:

1-5 ABCCA6-10 DCAAD11-15 BABAB16-20 ADADC21-25 BCCDB26-30 DAACC

第四篇：2014年最新情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

江蘇省淮安中學(xué)高一II部英語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)編制人：郭琪審核人：秦芬

have done the research on his own.A.canB.mustC.wouldD.need

2.It ______ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.A.mayB.couldn'tC.shouldD.needn't

3.He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.A.wouldn'tB.shouldn'tC.couldn'tD.mustn't

4.The childrenin the woods;otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.A.must have gotB.must getC.should have gotD.should get

5.Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but say where he was.A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.wouldn'tD.mightn't

6.We ________ have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.A.may notB.needn'tC.can'tD.mustn't

7.Mr.Smith is on time for everything.Howhe be late for the ceremony?

A.willB.canC.shallD.may

8.As I was sitting down for dinner, the telephone

A.shouldB.mustC.could

9.—I promise Shirleyget a new iPad on her birthday.—Will it be a big surprise to her?

A.willB.wouldC.should

10.—I turn on the TV for you, Grandpa?

—Yes, thanks a lot, my dear.You’re so considerate.D.wouldD.shall

A.MayB.ShallC.WillD.Need

11.—It's eight o'clock already.Jack _______ be here by now.—Oh, he told me that he was going to see his dentist and wouldn't be back until ten.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.need

12.—I had a very boring weekend at home.—Why did you stay at home? Youwith us.A.might hikeB.could have hikedC.should hikeD.must have hiked

13.—These days I am even sleepy in class.—How terrible it is!Youas well go to bed earlier.A.shouldB.willC.canD.may

14.Overloaded with work, school teachers now get far less sleep than they ______.A.shallB.shouldC.mayD.might

15.—Did you attend the opening ceremony of The Voice of China last week?

—Sorry!We ________ it, but we had a terrible traffic accident on our way.A.must have attendedB.must attendC.could have attendedD.could attend

江蘇省淮安中學(xué)高一II部英語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)編制人：郭琪審核人：秦芬

16.I ______ myself more----it was a perfect day.A.shouldn‘t have enjoyedB.needn‘t have enjoyed

C.wouldn‘t have enjoyedD.couldn‘t have enjoyed

17.-----How did you do in the test?

-----Not so well.I ______ much better but I misread the directions for Part D.A.could have doneB.could doC.must have doneD.should do

A.might have failedB.could have failed

C.should have failedD.must have failed

19.—Mother, I climbed up to that tall tree and picked this big apple.—Jesus!You______ down and hurt yourself.A.might have fallenB.might fallC.must have fallenD.must fall

20.— I phoned you yesterday morning.A girl answered, but I didn’t recognize the voice.— Oh, it ____ my younger sister.She was in my room at that moment.A.must have beenB.should have beenC.could have beenD.may have been

21.— Can I pay the bill by check?

— Sorry, sir.According to the rules of our hotel, the payment ______ be made in cash.A.shallB.needC.willD.can

22.---Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.---Well.He ______ have gone far — his coat’s still here.A.needn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.wouldn’t

23.The new law states that people ________ drive after drinking alcohol.A．wouldn'tB．needn'tC．won'tD．mustn't

24.—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?

—I am afraid you ________, in case he comes late for the meeting.A．willB．mustC．mayD．can

25.The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.A．shouldn'tB．couldn'tC．wouldn'tD．mightn't

26.—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.—How unbelievable to get it back!I mean, someone ________it.A．will have stolenB．might have stolenC．should have stolenD．must have stolen

27.—John looks a bit upset.Did you tell him the bad news?

—Yes, but I ________ him after his birthday party.A．should have toldB．must have toldC．shouldn't have toldD．needn't have told

28.—Where ________ Mary have put the empty bottles?

—She ________ them away.They must be somewhere.A．can;can't have thrownB．must;needn't

C．must;must have thrownD．can;mustn't have thrown

29.I ________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.A．won'tB．can'tC．canD．will

30.Peter _____ be really difficult to get along with at times even if he’s a nice person in general.A.shallB.shouldC.canD.must

第五篇：2014屆高三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解——情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

概述：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人的情感態(tài)度。它有一定的實(shí)在詞義（如：能、會(huì)、可能、以前、最好、寧愿），只有謂語(yǔ)特性，必須和其他動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。

例如：+be done

+be doing

must+have done

+have been done

+have been doing

注意：和used(to)例外，動(dòng)詞不定式要帶上”to”

一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法：

1．can

1）表示能力“能夠，會(huì)”

She can drive, but she can’t ride a bicycle.Can you give me a lift to the station?

2）表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)進(jìn)行主觀的猜測(cè)“可能、會(huì)”，或表示驚異，懷疑，不相信等態(tài)度，主要用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句中。例如：

He can’t have a lot of money.Can it be that it was I, not he, who was mistaken?

How can you be so careless!

3）表示客觀可能性“可能”，可用于肯定句

As a human being, anyone can make a mistake.The temperature can fall to-60°C that is 60°C below freezing.4）表示允許“可以”，意思與may 相近，主要用在口語(yǔ)中

Can I have a look at your copy of China Daily?

This sort of thing can’t go on.5）構(gòu)成下列特殊句式：

①cannot /can never …too … 或 cannot …enough越…越好；非常．．．．．．

One cannot be too careful.I cannot thank you enough.You can’t praise him too highly.②cannot help doing …/cannot help but do …/cannot but do …禁不??；不由得；不得不 I cannot help admiring the picture whenever I look at it.When a close friend dies, you cannot but feel sad.2.could

1)表示能力,指的是過(guò)去時(shí)間

In those days few workers could support their family.I couldn’t follow the teacher in class.2)表示允許,指的是過(guò)去時(shí)間

She asked whether she could take the books out of the reading-room.3)表示可能,可以指過(guò)去時(shí)間;也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間,表示語(yǔ)氣緩和

I didn't think the story could be true.But you mustn’t smoke while you’re walking around in the bush either.You could start a fire.He looks young.He couldn’t be over fifty.他看起來(lái)很年輕,他不可能超過(guò)五十歲.4)比較委婉客氣地提出問(wèn)題或陳述看法,指的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)間

Could I see your license?

I have a few friends.I could ring to see if they’re free.Can(could)與be able to

Can(could)和be able to表示能力時(shí)意思上沒(méi)有區(qū)別.但can 只有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式,而be able to 則有更多的形式.No one is able to do it.= No one can do it.Will you be able to come tonight?

I’m sorry I haven’t been able to answer your letter.She said she had not been able to come earlier.但是,在表示成功地完成某一具體動(dòng)作時(shí)用be able to 來(lái)表示。這時(shí),be able to相當(dāng)于managed

to 或succeeded in doing ,表示經(jīng)過(guò)一番努力，終于能夠……。例如：

1）Were able to escape

people2）Managed to escapeinto the street.3）succeed in escaping

3．May

1)表示許諾“可以”或詢問(wèn)、說(shuō)明一件事。

注意：回答may 引起的問(wèn)句時(shí)，否定形式用must not(禁止)，had better not(最好別)。

May I trouble you with a question?

—Could I call you by your first name ?

—Yes, you may./No, you mustn’t./No, you’d better not.2).表示表示主觀的推測(cè)“或許”，通常用在肯定句和否定句中。例如：

He may be very busy now.He may not be at home.注意：表示可能性時(shí)，can’t 語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)表示“不可能”；may not 語(yǔ)氣弱，表示“可能不（或許）”。

4．might

1)表示可以做的事，指的是過(guò)去時(shí)間

He asked if he might look through my album.2）表示口氣比較婉轉(zhuǎn)客氣，指的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)間

Might I ask for a photograph of your baby?

I wonder if I might borrow some coffee.3）表示可能發(fā)生的事，可以指過(guò)去時(shí)間；也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，但表示語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定

She was afraid they might not like the idea.They might have a lot of work to do now but I’m not sure.5．must

1)表示必須要做的事，否定表示“禁止”

We mustn’t move someone if they are badly hurt.如果一個(gè)人受了重傷，你一定不要挪動(dòng)他。注意：在回答由must 引起的問(wèn)句時(shí)，如果是否定回答，不能用mustn’t ,而要用needn’t 或don’t have to ,因?yàn)閙ustn’t 是“不準(zhǔn)、禁止”的意思。

--Must we send in our plan this week?--Yes ,you must.。

--No, you needn’t./ No, you don’t have to.2）表示猜測(cè)，意為“想必，準(zhǔn)是，一定”，只用于肯定句中

This must be your room.Look at his new car.He must have a lot of money.3)表示討厭情緒“偏偏”

I am sleeping when you must turn your radio on.注意：have to 表示“必須”，“不得不”，在這個(gè)意義上與must 很接近，但must 表示的是說(shuō)話人的主觀看法，而 have to表示的卻是客觀需要。另外，have to比must 有更多的形式。You must be back by ten.（命令或叮囑）

You have to be back by ten.（客觀需要）

We had to go home on foot.我們不得不走回家。

6．should和ought to “應(yīng)該”

1)表示應(yīng)該做的事，should 和 ought to 一般可以通用。但ought to 語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)些，強(qiáng)調(diào)“有責(zé)任，有義務(wù)做”或“按道理應(yīng)該如何”；should 含有“勸告、建議”的語(yǔ)氣，即“按我的想法應(yīng)該如何”。試比較

--I’ll start the work tomorrow.我明天開始這工作。

--Ｉthink you should start at once./ No, you ought to start at once.不行，你得立即開始。

2）表示推測(cè)，意為“想必一定，照說(shuō)應(yīng)該，估計(jì)”。should 和 ought to 在這一意義上含義比must 弱。試比較

Mr.Black must be home by now.（肯定）

Mr.Black ought to(should)be home by now.（不能肯定）

7．shall

1)用于第一、三人稱，構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句，表示征求對(duì)方意見或請(qǐng)求指示

Shall I open the window?

Shall the boy wait outside?

2)用于第二、三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人的意愿，表示“命令、警告、威脅、強(qiáng)制、允諾、決心” You shall do as I say.（命令）

Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.（允諾）

If you children don’t do as I tell you, you shall not go to the party.（威脅）

You shall be sorry for what you did.對(duì)你的所作所為你會(huì)感到后悔的。（警告）

Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan.什么也不能阻止我們實(shí)現(xiàn)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。（決心）

8．will

1)表示“意志，意愿”，可用于多種人稱 I will do anything for our soldiers.If you will read the book, I will lend it to you.如果你愿意讀這本書，我會(huì)把它借給你。

注意：從句中的will 是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示“意愿”；主句中的will 是助動(dòng)詞，幫助構(gòu)成將來(lái)時(shí)。

2）will 在疑問(wèn)句中用于第二人稱，表示詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求

Will you open the door for me, please?

Pass me the glass, will you?遞給我杯子，好嗎？

有時(shí)，這種句子也可以是won’t you have a little more rice ?

3）表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，意為“總是會(huì)，老是，就是”；否定結(jié)構(gòu)意為“不肯、不能”。這種用法并不指將來(lái)時(shí)間，因此，不能與表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用

Some birds will fly south when winter comes.Boys will be boys.They are always naughty.What’s the matter with the door? It won’t lock.9．would

1)是will 的過(guò)去式，表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的“意志、意愿”，可用于多種人稱

They said that they would help us.2）would指的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，表示說(shuō)話人的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求，語(yǔ)氣比will 婉轉(zhuǎn)。也可表示委婉地提出看法、請(qǐng)求、建議等

I would like to have a try.我想試試。

Would you like me to carry it for you? 我?guī)湍隳眠@個(gè)好嗎？

3）表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去的一種傾向

He told me the box wouldn’t open.他告訴我盒子就是打不開。.used to

在肯定句中，used to 表示過(guò)去（曾經(jīng)）的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在“已不”.I used to get along very well with my cousin and we used to be very good friends.Did you use to go to the same school?

I didn’t use to smoke.John used to be a policeman, didn’t he?

Did you use to take a walk in the morning?

used to 常用來(lái)表示表示已不復(fù)存在的過(guò)去的習(xí)慣，側(cè)重與現(xiàn)在的對(duì)比，而would用來(lái)表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

He would go to that bookstore when he was at college.他在上大學(xué)時(shí)經(jīng)常去那個(gè)書店。

11． need

need 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，主要用于否定句，疑問(wèn)句中。在肯定句中一般為行為動(dòng)詞

Need he do it all at once? 他需要馬上做這件事嗎？

Why need you go today? 為什么你今天需要去？

I wonder if I need bring my computer.我想知道我是否需要帶上電腦。

注意：回答由need 引起的問(wèn)句時(shí)，肯定回答一般用must ,否定回答時(shí)用needn’t.--Need I give you the book?

--Yes ,you must.--No ,you needn’t.need 用作及物動(dòng)詞，和不定式連用，可用于各種結(jié)構(gòu)。

Does he need to know it?

The question needs to be discussed.這問(wèn)題需要討論。

12.dare(dared)

dare及其過(guò)去式dared 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，主要用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中。Dare you go home alone?

She dare not say what she thinks.除了在I dare say … 這種習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中，dare 在肯定結(jié)構(gòu)中用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的情形是很少的。I dare say my uncle will do that.dare 還可以作及物動(dòng)詞，跟不定式，用于各種結(jié)構(gòu)。否定句中to 可以省略。

We must dare to act.I did not dare(to)look up.我不敢抬頭看。

二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的完成式（表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的情況和表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣）

1、must have+過(guò)去分詞，表示對(duì)已發(fā)生情況的肯定推測(cè)

My pen must have apparent the moment I walked into the room.2、can’t / couldn’t have+過(guò)去分詞，表示對(duì)已發(fā)生情況的否定推測(cè)

Mary can’t have received my letter;otherwise she would have replied before now.3、may / might have +過(guò)去分詞，表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的事情做不肯定的推測(cè)

A potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been caused by an electrician.4、needn’t have + 過(guò)去分詞，表示做了不必做的事，相當(dāng)于“didn’t need to do” As it turned out to be a small house party, we needn’t have dressed up so formally.5、should have +過(guò)去分詞，表示應(yīng)該做某事但實(shí)際上未做

I should have planned everything ahead carefully.6、could have +過(guò)去分詞，表示過(guò)去本來(lái)可以做但卻未做

You could have phrased it more tactfully7、may/ might have +過(guò)去分詞，表示過(guò)去可以做但實(shí)際未做

It might have been better to include more punchy statistics and photos of equipment in the introduction to further assist first-time office automation managers.三、其他

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must ,can/could ,may /might表推測(cè)句子的反義問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成。要先將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞去掉按照常規(guī)句子的方式進(jìn)行變換。例如：

He must be working in the office now, isn’t he?

Tom may have missed the bus again, hasn’t he?

Jack can’t have arrived this morning, did he?

如果是祈使句，則都變成 will sb？

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞DCDAA CBBDB CBBB

虛擬語(yǔ)氣補(bǔ)充DBCAA BCDDA CDADA BBDAB