第一篇：2010年12月大學英語四級考試真題及答案與解析

2010年12月大學英語四級考試真題

Part I Writing(30 minutes)

Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1.目前不少父母為孩子包辦一切

2.為了讓孩子獨立, 父母應該??

How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?

...Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.A Grassroots Remedy

Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world.To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country.The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk.And when joggers(慢跑者)jog, they don’t run the streets.Every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river.It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived(喪失).I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London.These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.The truth is to be found elsewhere.A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD—attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(多動癥).Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%;those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground.A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment.In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy(等級)based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead.But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.Most bullying(恃強凌弱)is found in schools where there is a tarmac(柏油碎石)playground;the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore.This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streatham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife.But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage.So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs.Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children.However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature.The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years.And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things.Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behaviour.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that human beings are granting to the natural world.The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging.Human beings are a species of mammals(哺乳動物).For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature.Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life.Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.We need the wild world.It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness.Without the wild world we are not more but less civilised.Without other living things around us we are less than human.Five ways to find harmony with the natural world

Walk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof.Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space.In the garden, anywhere that’s not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine.Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by yourself;the second best way is in company.Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with birdsong for background.Learn: Expand your boundaries.Learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs.That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills.Take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out there and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees.Go somewhere special and bring specialness home.It lasts forever, after all.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。

1.What is the author’s profound belief?

[A] People instinctively seek nature in different ways.[B] People should spend most of their lives in the wild.[C] People have quite different perceptions of nature.[D] People must make more efforts to study nature.2.What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?

[A] Personal freedom.[B] Things that are natural.[C] Urban surroundings.[D] Things that are purchased.3.What does a study in Sweden show?

[A] The natural environment can help children learn better.[B] More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.[C] A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities.[D] Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD.4.Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________.[A] tend to develop a strong love for science

[B] are more likely to fantasise about wildlife

[C] tend to be physically tougher in adulthood

[D] are less likely to be involved in bullying

5.What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?

[A] Find more effective drugs for them.[B] Provide more green spaces for them.[C] Place them under more personal care.[D] Engage them in more meaningful activities.6.In what way do elderly people benefit from their contact with nature?

[A] They look on life optimistically.[C] They are able to live longer.[B] They enjoy a life of better quality.[D] They become good-humoured.7.Dr William Bird suggests in his study that ________.[A] humanity and nature are complementary to each other

[B] wild places may induce impulsive behaviour in people

[C] access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence

[D] it takes a long time to restore nature once damaged

8.It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be________________________.9.The author believes that we would not be so civilised without ________________________.10.The five suggestions the author gives at the end of the passage are meant to encourage people to seek _________________ with the natural world.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

11.[A] The man should visit the museums.[C] The beach resort is a good choice.[B] She can’t stand the hot weather.[D] She enjoys staying in Washington.12.[A] Her new responsibilities in the company.[B] What her job prospects are.[C] What the customers’ feedback is.[D] The director’s opinion of her work.13.[A] Combine her training with dieting.[B] Repeat the training every three days.[C] Avoid excessive physical training.[D] Include weightlifting in the program.14.[A] When she will return home.[B] Whether she can go by herself.[C] Whether she can travel by air.[D] When she will completely recover.15.[A] The woman knows how to deal with the police.[B] The woman had been fined many times before.[C] The woman had violated traffic regulations.[D] The woman is good at finding excuses.16.[A] Switch off the refrigerator for a while.[B] Have someone repair the refrigerator.[C] Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.[D] Buy a refrigerator of better quality.17.[A] He owns a piece of land in the downtown area.[B] He has got enough money to buy a house.[C] He can finally do what he has dreamed of.[D] He is moving into a bigger apartment.18.[A] She is black and blue all over.[B] She has to go to see a doctor.[C] She stayed away from work for a few days.[D] She got hurt in an accident yesterday.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.[A] She was a bank manager.[B] She was a victim of the robbery.[C] She was a defence lawyer.[D] She was a witness to the crime.20.[A] A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.[B] A youth with a distinguishing mark on his face.[C] A thirty-year-old guy wearing a light sweater.[D] A medium-sized young man carrying a gun.21.[A] Identify the suspect from pictures.[C] Have her photo taken for their files.[B] Go upstairs to sign some document.[D] Verify the record of what she had said.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.[A] By reading a newspaper ad.[C] By listening to the morning news.[B] By seeing a commercial on TV.[D] By calling an employment service.23.[A] She could improve her foreign languages.[B] She could work close to her family.[C] She could travel overseas frequently.[D] She could use her previous experiences.24.[A] Taking management courses.[C] Working as a secretary.[B] Teaching English at a university.[D] Studying for a degree in French.25.[A] Prepare for an interview in a couple of days.[B] Read the advertisement again for more details.[C] Send in a written application as soon as possible.[D] Get to know the candidates on the short list.Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意： 此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

Passage One

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.[A] They cannot see the firefighters because of the smoke.[B] They do not realize the danger they are in.[C] They cannot hear the firefighters for the noise.[D] They mistake the firefighters for monsters.27.[A] He travels all over America to help put out fires.[B] He often teaches children what to do during a fire.[C] He teaches Spanish in a San Francisco community.[D] He provides oxygen masks to children free of charge.28.[A] He saved the life of his brother choking on food.[B] He rescued a student from a big fire.[C] He is very good at public speaking.[D] He gives informative talks to young children.29.[A] Firefighters play an important role in America.[B] Kids should learn not to be afraid of monsters.[C] Carelessness can result in tragedies.[D] Informative speeches can save lives.Passage Two

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30.[A] To satisfy the needs of their family.[B] To fully realize their potential.[C] To make money for early retirement.[D] To gain a sense of their personal worth.31.[A] They may have to continue to work in old age.[B] They may regret the time they wasted.[C] They may have nobody to depend on in the future.[D] They may have fewer job opportunities.32.[A] Making wise use of your time.[B] Enjoying yourself while you can.[C] Saving as much as you can.[D] Working hard and playing hard.Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.[A] Hardworking students being accused of cheating.[B] Boy students being often treated as law-breakers.[C] Innocent people being suspected groundlessly.[D] Junior employees being made to work overtime.34.[A] Forbidding students to take food out of the restaurant.[B] Requesting customers to pay before taking the food.[C] Asking customers to leave their bags on the counters.[D] Allowing only two students to enter at a time.35.[A] He was taken to the manager.[C] He was asked to leave.[B] He was closely watched.[D] He was overcharged.Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information.For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分試題在答題卡2上作答。

Writing keeps us in touch with other people.We write to communicate with relatives and friends.We write to(36)_____________ our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and(37)_____________their heritage(傳統(tǒng)).With computers and Internet connections in so many(38)_____________, colleges, business, people e-mailing friends and relatives all the time—or talking to them in writing in online(39)_____________ rooms.It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more(40)_____________ than waiting until Sunday for the telephone(41)_____________ to drop.Students are e-mailing their professors to(42)_____________ and discuss their classroom assignments and to(43)_____________ them.They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate(合作)on homework.(44)__________________________________________________________.Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need

for

the

personal

letter.(45)____________________________________________________.No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, “I want you to know that I care about you.”(46)____________________________________________________________________, but only in the success of human relationships.Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47.The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics.Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial.Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color.But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(養(yǎng)育), by genetic makeup and the environment.Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits.From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process.However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

[A] abilities [I] extent

[B] achieve [J] indicates

[C] appeal [K] proceeds

[D] complaints [L] psychological

[E] contributions [M] raised

[F] displayed [N] smart

[G] essentially [O] standard

[H] eventually

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.It is pretty much a one-way street.While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction.Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job.For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia(學術界)outweigh any financial considerations.Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge.Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions.Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career.Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical(制藥的)company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher.He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition(轉(zhuǎn)換)to academia more attractive, according to Lee.Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts.They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development.“Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career.So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”

注意： 此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

57.By “a one-way street”(Line 1, Para.1), the author means ________.[A] university researchers know little about the commercial world

[B] there is little exchange between industry and academia

[C] few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university

[D] few university professors are willing to do industrial research

58.The word “deterrent”(Line 2, Para.1)most probably refers to something that ________.[A] keeps someone from taking action [C] attracts people’s attention

[B] helps to move the traffic [D] brings someone a financial burden

59.What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?

[A] Flexible work hours.[C] Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.[B] Her research interests.[D] Prospects of academic accomplishments.60.Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.[A] do financially more rewarding work

[B] raise his status in the academic world

[C] enrich his experience in medical research

[D] exploit better intellectual opportunities

61.What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?

[A] Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market.[B] Develop its students’ potential in research.[C] Help it to obtain financial support from industry.[D] Gear its research towards practical applications.Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life.Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity(長壽)boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship.The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers(鰥夫)were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers.Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s.The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate.Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart.Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke.There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems.Even so, the odds favour marriage.In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological(生理的)mechanisms.For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life.People in supportive relationships may handle stress better.Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100.The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”

注意： 此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

62.William Farr’s study and other studies show that _________.[A] social life provides an effective cure for illness

[B] being sociable helps improve one’s quality of life

[C] women benefit more than men from marriage

[D] marriage contributes a great deal to longevity

63.Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that _________.[A] older men should quit smoking to stay healthy

[B] marriage can help make up for ill health

[C] the married are happier than the unmarried

[D] unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life

64.It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side”(Line 4, Para.2)refers to _________.[A] the disadvantages of being married

[B] the emotional problems arising from marriage

[C] the responsibility of taking care of one’s family

[D] the consequence of a broken marriage

65.What does the author say about social networks?

[A] They have effects similar to those of a marriage.[B] They help develop people’s community spirit.[C] They provide timely support for those in need.[D] They help relieve people of their life’s burdens.66.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

[A] It’s important that we develop a social network when young.[B] To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.[C] Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.[D] We should share our social networks with each other.Part Ⅴ Cloze(15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

Over half the world’s people now live in cities.The latest “Global Report on Human Settlements” says a significant change took place last year.The report 67 this week from U.N.Habitat, a United Nations agency.A century ago, 68 than five percent of all people lived in cities.69 the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or 70 six and a half billion people.Already three-fourths of people in 71 countries live in cities.Now most urban population 72 is in the developing world.Urbanization can 73 to social and economic progress, but also put 74 on cities to provide housing and 75.The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move 76 cities and towns each day.It says worsening inequalities, 77 by social divisions and differences in 78 , could result in violence and crime 79 cities plan better.Another issue is urban sprawl(無序擴展的城區(qū)).This is where cities 80 quickly into rural areas, sometimes 81 a much faster rate than urban population growth.Sprawl is 82 in the United States.Americans move a lot.In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the 83 cities to smaller ones.He sees a 84 toward “de-urbanization” across the nation.85 urban economies still provide many 86 that rural areas do not.67.[A] came on [C] came over

[B] came off [D] came out

68.[A] more [C] less

[B] other [D] rather

69.[A] By [C] Along

[B] Through [D] To

70.[A] really [C] ever

[B] barely [D] almost

71.[A] flourishing [C] thriving

[B] developed [D] fertile

72.[A] extension [C] raise

[B] addition [D] growth

73.[A] keep [C] lead

[B] turn [D] refer

74.[A] pressure [C] restraint

[B] load [D] weight

75.[A] surroundings [C] concerns

[B] communities [D] services

76.[A] onto [C] around

[B] into [D] upon

77.[A] pulled [C] drawn

[B] driven [D] pressed

78.[A] situation [C] treasure

[B] wealth [D] category

79.[A] when [C] unless

[B] if [D] whereas

80.[A] expand [C] invade

[B] split [D] enlarge

81.[A] in [C] with

[B] beyond [D] at

82.[A] common [C] ordinary

[B] conventional [D] frequent

83.[A] essential [C] primitive

[B] prior [D] major

84.[A] trend [C] direction

[B] style [D] path

85.[A] Then [C] For

[B] But [D] While

86.[A] abilities [C] possibilities

[B] qualities [D] realities

Part VI Translation(5 minutes)

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.注意： 此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答，只需寫出譯文部分。

87.________________________________________________________(為了確保他參加會議), I called him up in advance.88.The magnificent museum ________________________________________(據(jù)說建成于)about a hundred years ago.89.There

would

be

no

life

on

earth ___________________________________________(沒有地球獨特的環(huán)境).90.___________________________________(給游客印象最深的)was the friendliness and warmth of the local people.91.They requested that __________________________________________(我借的書還回圖書館)by next Friday.作文范文：

版本一：

Help Children to Be Independent

Thanks to the “family plan”policy,today in China many families have one child.Loving and caring for children is an old Chinese tradition that has remained for thousands of years.But the children are spoilt so much that they have less independence.They rely on their parents in everything.That is bad for a child's growing.Therefore,parents should develop the children's independence instead of doing everything for them.There are some ways to help children to be independent.First of all,you should believe your children can do the things well.Second,give them more chances to practise,when they don't know how to do it,just tell them the way.Third,don't be afraid to see them fail.In the beginning,they may do something bad.But don't worry,just let them try again.They can do the work as well as you if given more time.To be independent is good for the children.A child who is independent will succeed easily in the future.版本二：

Part Ⅰ

Writing

How Should Parents Help Children to be Independent

Nowadays, there is a growing concern over such a phenomenon, that is, some parents take care of almost everything concerned with their children, including study, work, marriage.Some parents believe that this is love, however, it is only to destroy children’s independence thoroughly.For the future of the next generation, more efforts should be made by parents to help their children to be independent.The fundamental one is to cultivate the awareness, namely, the importance and necessity of being independent, which is supposed to begin from childhood.Children should be taught that no one can be stronger and more helpful than themselves in this world.The quality of independence is so indispensable for us that parents had better act as a tutor, not a dictator.And only with parents’ trust, can the next generation accumulate confidence step by step.Part Ⅱ

Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)

1.A)People instinctively seek nature in different ways.解析：第一段最后一句直接給出關鍵字profound belief, whether 引導的從句對應答案中的instinctively

2.D)Things that are purchased.解析：第二段最后一句，what is best對應題目中的prefer, that is to say作為暗示直接引出之后的things that can be bought,選擇D

3.B)More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.解析：題干中有關瑞典研究，定位到第四段第一句，結(jié)合語義，不難得出B的正確答案

4.D)are less likely to be involved in bullying

解析：A選項具有干擾性，第三段結(jié)尾給出自然熏陶能夠提高學生學科水平的線索，但考慮到快速閱讀題的傳統(tǒng)，即題目順序?qū)恼马樞?，所以應該定位到第四段之后的?nèi)容，即大段有關bullying的段落，得出答案D。

5.B)Provide more green spaces for them.解析：對應第八段內(nèi)容，作者通過否定患兒對藥物的依賴性來給出自己的建議，結(jié)合全文主旨自然環(huán)境的重要性，得出B答案

6.B)They enjoy a life of better quality.解析：第九段第二句點出老齡人口增長的側(cè)重點是在高質(zhì)量的生活水平上，緊接著又指出綠色的生活方式是達到該種高質(zhì)量生活水平的最重要因素。

7.C)access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence

解析：十一段引文中can reduce violent behavior，直接對應C選項

8.separated

解析：題干是有關人們錯誤觀念的問題，找到倒數(shù)第三段的關鍵段error引導的內(nèi)容，再對應到humanity and the natural world，得出separated(照抄原文separable與can重復，separable本身詞義即能夠分離的)

9.the wild world

解析：最后一段第二句直接命中題干，照抄the wild world即可。

10.harmony

解析：最后幾段內(nèi)容的小標題直接給出harmony

版本二：

1.people instinltively

2.things purchused

3.more access

4.are less

5.provide

6.they enjoy

7.access to

8.separable things

9.the wild world

10.harmony 聽力： 版本一：

Part Ⅲ

Listening Comprehension

Section A

短對話(11~18)

答案及解析：

11.A)The man should visit the museums.B)She can’t stand the hot weather.C)The beach resort is a good choice.D)She enjoys staying in Washington.答案：D

解析：Woman最后說到I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature.這表明了她待在這里很愉快，很享受待在華盛頓，故選D。

12.A)Her new responsibilities in the company.B)What her job prospects are.C)What the customers’ feedback is.D)The director’s opinion of her work.答案：D

解析：Woman說到but I wish the director would give me some feedback.這表明了她希望得到director的意見(即反饋)，故選D。

13.A)Combine her training with dieting.B)Repeat the training every three days.C)Avoid excessive physical training.D)Include weightlifting in the program.答案：C

解析：Man以自己上次因運動(舉重)過量而受傷為例，建議女士應該量力而行，避免過量運動，故選C。

14.A)When she will return home.B)Whether she can go by herself.C)Whether she can travel by air.D)Whether she will completely recover.答案：C

解析：Man開頭就說到I’m worried about her going on a plane.從中可知，他擔心的是年老的母親能不能乘飛機，故選C。

15.A)The woman knows how to deal with the police.B)The woman had been fined many times before.C)The woman had violated traffic regulations.D)The woman is good at finding excuses.答案：C

解析：警察開頭問到 Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? 通過這句話就可以知道女士沒有遵守交通規(guī)則，故選C。

16.A)Switch off the refrigerator for a while.B)Have someone repair the refrigerator.C)Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.D)Buy a refrigerator of better quality.答案：B

解析：Man說到 Maybe you should have it fixed，女士回答到Y(jié)ou’re right.這說明女士也同意男士的看法，但并未提到讓這個男士來修，故選B。

17.A)He owns a piece of land in the downtown area.B)He has got enough money to buy a house.C)He can finally do what he has dreamed of.D)He is moving into a bigger apartment.答案：C

解析：Man第二句話說到Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it.表明他能實現(xiàn)買地建房的理想了，故選C。

18.A)She is black and blue all over.B)She has to go to see a doctor.C)She stayed away from work for a few days.D)She got hurt in an accident yesterday.答案：D

解析：Woman說的第一句話是My hands still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.從中可知這位女士昨天在冰上滑倒受傷了，但是男士認為傷勢并不嚴重，只建議她休養(yǎng)幾天就可以了，不必去看醫(yī)生。C是較強的干擾項，應該是女士現(xiàn)在需要休息而不是過去已經(jīng)休息了幾天，故選D。對話精析：

第一個短對話：

談論天氣the heat is unbearable，強調(diào)有了華盛頓的museums and restaurants，天氣再熱也無所謂I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature.學會看看生活中的積極因素，有了博物館和餐館，天氣再熱都熱愛華盛頓，這是何等的樂天精神啊!

第二個短對話：

談論新工作，I’m learning a lot of new things, but I wish the director would give me some feedback.我學了很多新東西呢，但是我希望上司能給我點反饋！!feedback是反饋也是答案的題眼。這位女士想知道什么呢，想知道上司對她的看法嘛!

第三個短對話：

關于鍛煉身體的，還是關于制定鍛煉身體的計劃的!Can you help me work out a physical training program, John?你能幫我制定個鍛煉的項目嗎?Sure, but whatever you do be careful not to overdo it.當然啦，不過不管你做什么，得小心點別過頭啊!接下來的句子是舉例子Last time I had two weeks’ worth of weight-lifting in three days and I hurt myself.上次我三天就完成了兩個星期的舉重的訓練，結(jié)果我就受傷了。

問題是這個男人要建議這個女人什么?

四六級考試委員會一片苦心啊，這里分明在告誡同學們，平時鍛煉身體悠著點兒。

第四個短對話：

這個對話好!弘揚愛護老人的美德的!

兒子說，我媽媽年紀大啦，I have an elderly mother 然后表達他對媽媽乘飛機的擔心 I’m worried about her going on a plane.Is there any risk?有沒有危險啊?

接下來，醫(yī)生的回答，再次體現(xiàn)四六級客觀而樂觀的精神，Not if her heart is all right.If she has a heart condition, I’d recommend against it.她心臟沒問題就沒事啊，如果她心臟有問題的話，那我就不建議她去(乘飛機啦)

第五個短對話：

交通違規(guī)怎么做?!四六級聽力教你謙恭有禮做回答。首先，第一句的男士質(zhì)問，Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads?我們第一次示意讓你在交叉口停車，你干嘛不停呢?(潛臺詞是，瞧，還不是被我給逮回來訓話了么?!在這種情況之下，這位女士態(tài)度是誠懇的，Sorry, I was just a bit absent-minded.Anyway, do I have to pay a fine? 對不起啊，我有點心不在焉。但不管怎么說，我需要罰款嗎?

人嘛，都是有時候情緒化的嘛，并且我認罰，這句子學會了順便大家開車的素質(zhì)都提高了哈!

第六個短對話：

家庭瑣事。

第一個人說，I’m no expert我不是專家but that noise in your refrigerator doesn’t sound right.Maybe you should have it fixed.但是你冰箱里面的噪音聽起來不大對啊，也許你應該去修理了吧。have it fixed這個結(jié)構(gòu)是考官們發(fā)誓要考生學會的have sth done的結(jié)構(gòu)。

第二個人開腔了，You’re right.對話基調(diào)釘牢，我同意你，就是冰箱確實壞了。And I suppose I’ve put it off long enough.我恐怕我已經(jīng)拖得夠久了，put off,另一個考官立誓要教會全中國考生的內(nèi)容，拖延，put off,核心之核心。

問題，這女的可能會怎么做呢?

她學會了核心單詞聽懂了整個對話以后，一定會去修冰箱！并且，這里強調(diào) 是找人修冰箱，have it fixed而不是她自己修!she will fix it herself.第七個短對話：

買房問題。全國熱議啊，考試考到的角度那是真叫一個藝術!

我市區(qū)的公寓賣得不錯!I did extremely well on the sale of my downtown apartment.也就是說賣了一個好價錢啦!Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it.現(xiàn)在，我可有錢買一塊我早就看中的地啦，我能建一所房子啦!

偷偷感嘆下，這說明了城鄉(xiāng)的房價是多么滴有茶具啊!不過考官還是仁慈的，不考那么隱晦的，來個簡單的，聽到這句話的人呢說Congratulations!Does that mean you’ll be moving soon?

恭喜你啊，那這是不是說明你很快要搬家了啊?!

問題問我們知道第一個陳述的那個男人什么情況?!簡單，字面意思就夠你用來解答了，賣公寓了有了錢買地建房子了!

第八個短對話：

還是運動，不過這里面涉及了一點點西方的固定搭配，black and blue又黑又藍，這實際上說的是咱中文里面的，身上摔得又青又紫。

第一個人是在說她昨天在冰上摔了一跤，手到現(xiàn)在還疼呢，My hand still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.I wonder if I broke something.我想知道我是不是摔壞哪兒了啊

(I wonder if這個句型好，走過路過不要錯過，I wonder if I could get married with Sister Phoenix我真想知道我能不能娶鳳姐啊?!)

下面這位男士的回答是，I’m no doctor, but it’s not black and blue or anything.Maybe you just need to rest it for a few days.我不是醫(yī)生，但是如果沒有什么又青又紫也沒其他問題的話，也許你只是需要休息幾天罷了。

問題，此女發(fā)生了什么問題? 長對話(19~25)

答案及解析：

19.What do we learn about the woman?

答案：D)She was a witness to the crime.解析：文中男士需要女士描述一下?lián)尳巽y行的人(describe the man who robbed the bank)。選項中B提到了robbery，但是對話中沒有說明女士是受害者(victim);D選項提到了她目擊了某個犯罪經(jīng)過，robbery顯然是crime的一種。

20.What did the suspect look like?

答案：A)A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.解析：原文中提到The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.，對應選項A。

21.What did the man finally asked the woman to do?

答案：A)Identify the suspect from pictures.解析：對話結(jié)尾處，男士要求女士look at some photographs，很顯然，他的目的是讓女士通過照片來辨別嫌疑人。因此選擇A。

22.How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy?

答案：A)By reading a newspaper ad.解析： job vacancy指空缺的職位。在對話一開始，女士就說到她的目的：I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.從這句話中可以看出她得知職位信息的來源是the paper last night，對應A選項。

23.Why did the woman find the job appealing?

答案：B)She could work close to her family.解析：本題關鍵詞是appealing，意為引起興趣的。女士提到她喜歡這份工作的原因是be near to the family.，close是near的同義替換詞，因此選擇B選項。

24.What had the woman been doing in Geneva?

答案：C)Working as a secretary.解析：女士提到她在日內(nèi)瓦做了一些secretarial work，也就是選項C中的secretary。雖然她也提到之前在大學學習，但是她取得的學位是a degree in English，而非選項D中的a degree in French.25.What was the woman asked to do in the end?

答案：C)Send in a written application as soon as possible.解析：對話中女士希望得到面試機會，但是男士要求先要遞交書面申請(reply a writing to the advertisement)，并不是所有人都能得到面試機會，因此選擇答案C。

題材考點分析：

長對話第二篇圍繞女士求職面試展開，男士問了很多關于女士個人信息的問題，女士做出回答。做題時需要考生把握住對話大意、抓住細節(jié)信息以及兩人的態(tài)度。

對話中的考點主要集中在細節(jié)、重點一些詞組含義，以及同意詞組替換。對話中關鍵信息包括：been working in Geneva, secretarial work, degree in English, be near to the family, applications in writing等?？碱}也正是針對這些關鍵信息出的，在聽的時候考察考生對于細節(jié)的把握，尤其是敘述相同類型的事情時，更需要記下其中的區(qū)別，從而在做題時能夠準確的選出選項。如對話中提到女士會French和English，區(qū)別是會說French，拿到了degree in English.其中有幾題考察同義詞組替換。比如23題中用close替換了near，24題中用secretary替換了secretarial work。選項中頻頻出現(xiàn)同義詞組替換，由此可見考生平時應該注意積累同一個意思不同的表達法。

另外，從說話的語氣和表達情緒的詞，也可以聽出說話人的態(tài)度。比如女士在問到能否安排面試時，男士的回答 “Well, I’m afraid?” 由此看出男士否定了女士的想法。因此在做題中，很容易地排除了安排面試的選項。

總體來說，這篇聽力難度中等，關鍵是要抓住細節(jié)。

答案，手摔了，焦慮，問了一男的，這男的很冷靜，告訴她沒啥事。

Section B

Passage One

聽力文章分析：

本文難度不大，生詞和難詞不是很多，關鍵是整體上的及關鍵句的理解。先是消防隊員在營救火災中時常遇到小孩對消防隊員的設備不熟悉，以為是帶著面具的怪獸(monster)，從而躲起來，無法得到及時營救而喪失的現(xiàn)象入手，引出Eric Velez為了防止此類現(xiàn)象再次發(fā)生，在社區(qū)里開始對孩子消防知識的教育。再舉例進一步說明教育性質(zhì)的演講在拯救生命的巨大作用。最后再簡略地說下此類演講的其他作用。

做題要點：

(1)抓關鍵句。一般篇章類聽力，篇幅較長，聽的時候一定要學會準確提取有用的信息，如原因目的、結(jié)果、數(shù)字、開頭和結(jié)尾部分等。

“because they think they have seen a monster” “To prevent such tragedies, fire fighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community, explaining that they should never hide during a fire.” “But it’s a fact that informative speaking saves lives.” “Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food,” “In addition to saving lives,”

這幾句就包括了所有題目的答案，只要抓住這幾句并理解了其意，題目就不難做出。

(2)抓住細節(jié)，但無需執(zhí)著于細節(jié)。

本文的題目每題都設置了很多細節(jié)干擾項。如果太過執(zhí)著于細節(jié)，如frightened by smoke and noise;Eric Velez learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents 就會使得做題時容易被細節(jié)分心，從而無法立即準確地判斷和加以選擇。

重點詞匯：

fire fighters 消防隊員 monster怪獸、怪物 heartbreaks 傷心事 catch a glimpse of 瞥見 masked戴面具的 oxygen mask 氧氣面罩 informative 教育性的，有益的 答案及解析：

26.D)They mistake the firefighters for monsters.解析：細節(jié)題，從開始when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster一句中便可得出因為不熟悉消防人員戴面具的形象，孩子們以為來救援的消防人員是怪獸，所以躲起來。所以選D。其他選項文中都沒有涉及到。

27.B)He often teaches children what to do during a fire.解析：本篇文章大篇幅講的是Eric Velez給社區(qū)里的孩子講解消防知識，讓他們熟悉消防人員及消防工具的過程。選項A，put out fire雖然是Eric Velez的工作，但是本文重點不是在其消防員救活這個工作上，C、D選項很容易就可以排除。所以選B。

28.A)He saved the life of his brother choking on food.解析：細節(jié)題，從Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food一句便可得出答案，文章中關于Pete Gentry的主要信息就是他救了噎著食物的弟弟。所以選A。做題時一定要把人名及其所做的事準確對應起來。

29.D)Informative speeches can save lives.解析：主旨題，本文舉了一個大例子，一下小例子來證明教育性的演說有救人性命的好處。雖然在文章最后也列舉了下其他好處，但是主旨還是拯救生命。所以選D。其他幾個選項都主要講細節(jié)處，很容易就可以排除。

Passage Two

聽力文章分析：

本篇聽力講述的是截然不同的兩種生活態(tài)度，一種是“make and save a lot of money in order to retire early”，另一種則是“l(fā)ive only for today”，作者在陳述兩種不同態(tài)度之后，針對兩種態(tài)度給出了自己的看法“it's better to pick the spend-all approach”。本篇聽力不是太難，沒有較難的詞匯，雖然有幾個需要注意的句式，如：“At the other extreme are people who live only for today.Why bother saving? ”等，但是通過上下文也是不難理解的，而且結(jié)構(gòu)也比較清楚，基本上可以分為三部分：兩種不同的態(tài)度和作者的觀點，所考察的三道題也上針對了這三個主要的點。由此可見，聽聽力的時候依然首先要從全文來把握，把握文章的要點，在把握要點的基礎上，有重點的去聽一些細節(jié)，如與要點相關的原因和后果，以及作者本人對這些事情的看法，遇到與此相關的信號詞或者關鍵詞時就一定要注意重點記憶。

答案及解析：

30.C)To make money for early retirement.解析：本題考察原因，問為什么人們喜歡比較苛求但收入較高的工作，其實聽力一開始就用in order to 給出了原因，即：retire early，所以選C項。

31.A)They may have to continue to work in old age.解析：本題考察后果，問只為當下而活的人面臨著什么危險，從“The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older.”中可以看出A是正確選項，及在年老時有可能不得不繼續(xù)工作。

32.B)Enjoying yourself while you can.解析：本課考察文章作者的態(tài)度，從 “Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake.”中可以看出，作者認為想等到退休后再做自己想做的事情以及和自己喜歡的人在一起可能是一種錯誤，所以選B，即趁著自己還可以的時候要懂得享受生活。

Passage Three

聽力文章分析：

此篇短文聽力難度適中。敘述者，即文中的speaker，通過記敘自己的境遇表達個人觀點。三個自然段分別對應文章后的三道題，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰明了，題目答案導向明確。

第一段通過開篇點題引出本文話題，“以偏概全”著實有失公平;

第二段記敘一個發(fā)生在Graben Gore 飯店的故事，關鍵句：A new sign in the window told the story.“No more than two students at a time”;

第三段同樣是記敘一個發(fā)生在藥店的故事，故事情節(jié)較為簡單。

此三題聽時關鍵在于抓關鍵句子，個別人名等不需做過多關注。

答案及解析：

33.C)Innocent people being suspected groundlessly。

文章第一段中，由”How fair will that be”的前一句和后一句均可推出此答案。前一句即“一個鄰居犯了法，所有的鄰居們都成了懷疑對象”。后一句即“因為有些學生小偷小摸，所有的學生就都被當成小偷來看待??”，二者表明一個意思，即“無辜者被毫無理由的懷疑屬實不公平”。

34.D)Allowing only two students to enter at a time。

第一個小故事中的一個關鍵句后面緊跟答案。該關鍵句為，”A new sign in the window told the story.”

而這個sign的內(nèi)容就是緊隨其后的“No more than two students at a time”.35.B)He was closely watched.此題需要自己稍作總結(jié)，最后一個小故事說到文中的“我”去藥店，卻一直被盯著;此事讓“我”很是不滿。Section C

36.preserve

37.appreciate

38.households

39.chat

40.convenient

41.rates

42.receive

43.submit

44.They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well as jokes and their philosophies of life.45.A hand-written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts.46.This writing practice brings rewards that can’t be seen in bank accounts

版本二：

11.A, get

12.B, buying

13.A, taking p

14.B, he

15.D, he

16.C, her gym

17.D, The

18.A，Indifferent.19.C，he has

20.B，learn

21.C, every

22.A, what to

23.D.A financial trader

24.B, He considers

25.D, It can

26.D)They mistake the firefighters for monsters。

27.A)He often teaches children what to do during a fire。

28.D)He saved the life of his brother choking on food。

29.D)Informative speeches can save lives。

30.C)To make money for early retirement。

31.A)They may have to continue to work in old age

32.B)Making wise use of your time。

33.C)Innocent people being suspected groundlessly。

34.D)Allowing only two students to enter at a time。

35.B)He was closely watched。

international

revolution

emphasized

poor-paying

effectively

freelancewriter

conditioned

reasonably

The earthquake left thousands of people in urgent need of medicar care.45 There is no denying the fact that he has directed the most popular film in ten years.46 A lighted cigarette thrown out of a car or train window can star a fire.版本一：

Part Ⅳ

Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)

Section A

47.M)raised

48.L)psychological

49.E)contributions

50.A)abilities

51.B)achieve

52.N)smart

53.I)extent

54.J)indicates

55.G)essentially

56.H)eventually

47.raise在這里的意思是“養(yǎng)育”，the environment in which you were raised 意思是“你成長的環(huán)境”。

48.“psychological activity”意思是“心理活動”，全句意思是“研究基因和外部環(huán)境如何相互作用影響人心理活動的學科被稱為行為遺傳學”。

49.“make contributions to”為固定搭配，意為“為??做貢獻”。

50.“ability to ?”意思是“做某事的能力”，在此處，全句意思是“任何一篇宣稱人類做出某種行為的能力是基于生物學的研究都是有爭議的”。

51.“l(fā)imitations to what you can achieve”意思是“對你所能達到的水平的限制”。

52.此處需填一個形容詞，而且用來形容人，根據(jù)題意，smart符合題意，表示“機靈，可愛”。

53.此處填extent，主要是因為后面有to，“to the extent ?”譯為“??的程度”。

54.indicate 意思是“表明，顯示”。全句意為“越來越多的科學(現(xiàn)象)表明基因?qū)θ祟惡芏嗵卣饔谢A作用”。

55.essentially 的意思是“實際上，本質(zhì)上”。全句意為“從這個角度來講，人一出生，本質(zhì)上就像是還沒洗出來的照片：相已經(jīng)照了，但是最終會呈現(xiàn)多少就在于顯影的過程了”。

56.eventually 副詞，意思是“最終，最后”。

Section B

Passage One

57.C)few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university

推理題。“one-way street” 字面意思是“單行道”，含有只能從一個方向前進卻很難往相反方向前進的意思，用了比喻用法。文章第二句就解釋說明了這個“one-way street”在文中的含義。大學里的學者去商界創(chuàng)業(yè)的現(xiàn)象不算稀奇，但是反過來就不怎么常見。所以選擇C選項。

58.A)keeps someone from taking action

推理題。“deterrent”有妨礙物的意思。在文中需要通過上下文來理解。單詞前的意思是“薪水永遠是最大的?因為很多人覺得到大學里工作就會減少工資，從而無法養(yǎng)家糊口?！睆暮竺姘刖洌覀兛梢酝茢喑鰀eterrent的意思，所以選A選項。

59.B)Her research interests.細節(jié)題。答案在Para3Line3可以找到?！癏er main reason for? to take advantage of the great freedom to choose research questions.”表明Helen Lee換行主要考慮到的是自己可以比較自由地選擇研究領域，即個人的研究興趣。所以選擇B選項。

60.D)exploit better intellectual opportunities

細節(jié)題。本題比較簡單，在Para3最后一句“felt it worthwhile for the great intellectual opportunities”就可以找到答案。

61.A)Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in job market.推理題。本著一題對應一段的一般原則，我們應該在最后一段里找答案?！皌he demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry in?“that will help students get a job when they graduate”段落主要是在講industrial scientists到大學教學后的主要貢獻。所以選擇A項。

Passage Two

62.D)marriage contributes to a great deal of longevity

解析：第一段提到“but the biggest longevity boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship.”緊接著就說到“The effect was first noted in 1958 by William Farr,?”。句中的boost和選項D中的contribute有相近的意思，故選擇D。

63.B)marriage can help make up for ill heath

解析：Linda Waite舉例子說到一個有心臟病的已婚男人可以比未婚但是健康的男人多活4年。因此，婚姻可以彌補身體不健康帶來的不利因素，故選B。

64.A)the disadvantages of being married

解析：flip side的愿意是唱片的另一面，在這里前面已經(jīng)分析過婚姻的好處，這里指的就是婚姻的反面，故選A。

65.A)They have effects similar to those a marriage.解析：第二段最后一句?how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.故選擇A。

66.B)To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.解析：最后一段提到如果想生活的更長久到100歲，就要發(fā)展自己的社交網(wǎng)絡，故選B。版本二：

47.raised

48.displayed

49.contributions

50.abilities

51.achieve

52.smart

53.proceeds

54.indicates

55.essentially

56.evevtually

57.few?university

58.attracts?

59.her?interests

60.exploit?

61.Increase?

62.marriage?illness

63.marriage?health

64.the?married

65.they?need

66.To?

完形填空：

版本一：

Part Ⅴ

Cloze

67.D came out

68.C less

69.D by

70.A almost

71.B developed

72.C growth

73.B lead

74.A pressure

75.B services

76.B into

77.C driven

78.C wealth

79.C unless

80.D expand

81.C at

82.C common

83.A major

84.D trend

85.C but

86.B possibilities

解析：

67.D came out 表示出版，公布，這里表示報告的公布。

68.C less 根據(jù)上下文可知這里說的是都市人口的增長，強調(diào)之前的少和現(xiàn)在的多，所以用少于更合適。less than：少于，不到。

69.D by 在這里表示截止到某時間為止。

70.A almost 幾乎，將近，對前面的解釋，說明人口有多少。

71.B developed 根據(jù)上下文意思，以及后文相對的developing world可知應該是發(fā)達國家，即：developed countries。

72.C growth 仔細閱讀的話可以發(fā)現(xiàn)下文就有答案，這里講的是都市人口的增長，所以用growth。

73.B lead lead to表示導致，通向，本段末也有出現(xiàn)過，在這里是說都市化有助于社會和經(jīng)濟的進步。

74.A pressure 從下文的描述可以看出過快的都市化也給城市帶來了巨大壓力，所以選pressure。

75.B services 服務，城市為人們提供住房和服務。

76.B into 介詞選擇，move into 移入，遷入;固定搭配。

77.C driven 表示推動，驅(qū)動，driven by 由?驅(qū)動，由什么原因引起的。

78.C wealth 財富;social division and differences in wealth 社會分化和財富上的差距。

79.C unless 除非，這里說的是除非城市規(guī)劃更好，否則各部分財富分配不均的局面將可能導致犯罪問題。

80.D expand 指擴張，expand into rural areas 擴張到農(nóng)村地區(qū)。

81.C at at a much faster rate 以更快的速度，固定搭配

82.C common 表示某事件很普遍，平常。從下文的across America可知這種情況很普遍很常見。

83.A major major cities，大城市，與后文中的smaller cities形成對比

84.D trend 趨勢，這里是對前面情況的概括，a trend toward de-urbanization 表示一種逆城市化的發(fā)展趨勢。

85.C but 表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說城市還是有自身優(yōu)點的，與前面的“逆城市化”形成轉(zhuǎn)折關系。

86.B possibilities 可能性，這里表示城市依然能夠提供農(nóng)村所不能提供的機會和可能性。

整篇解析：

這篇完型填空取材自2009年10月9日的VOA Special English節(jié)目，談論的是城市發(fā)展的問題。從抓主旨的角度來說，這樣一篇小小200詞的文章，縱覽了世界城市發(fā)展史，又橫覽了城市化帶來的種種問題，里面的核心論點之間邏輯關聯(lián)緊密，考生如果沒有任何背景知識和推理能力，解題會遇到一定的困難。比如說第二個空格，很多考生在more 和less之中猶豫不決，在沒有具體背景信息的情況之下，就需要依據(jù)上下文的文脈進行推理。既然強調(diào)的是城市化的迅速發(fā)展，從5%到幾乎70%，這個5%前面究竟填入超過還是不到。從作者的敘述語氣一致可以推知，他必定在感嘆這個變化的巨大，因此前文應該是不到5%。對于into/at這樣一些介詞小詞的考查歷來都是完型填空的重點，move into cities/ at a faster rate，這都是比較容易選擇的基礎搭配。版本二：

67.came out

68.less

69.By

70.almost

71.fertile

72.growth

73.lead

74.pressure

75.surroundings

76.into

77.driven

78.treasure

79.when

80.expand

81.at

82.frequent

83.major

84.trend

85.While

86.qualities 翻譯 版本一：

Part Ⅵ

Translation

87.___________________(為了確保他參加會議)，I called him up in advance.解析：In order to ensure him to attend the meeting

To ensure his attendance at the meeting

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本題句子的主干 “I called him up in advance”已經(jīng)給出，無需翻譯，需要翻譯部分為“為了確保他能參加會議”。該部分在句子中作目的狀語

【考點解釋】本題考查是目的狀語。①目的狀語可以由to/in order to來引導。②確保 ensure sb to do 確保某人做某事，ensure sth 確保某事

【原句精釋】為了確保他參加會議，我已經(jīng)提前給他電話了。

88.The significant museum________________(據(jù)說建成于)about a hundred years ago.解析：is said to have been built

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本題句子的主語為the significant museum，缺謂語，即(據(jù)說建成于)about a hundred years ago為時間狀語。

【考點解釋】本題重點考查：①被動語態(tài)。主語museum與動詞build之間為被動關系;且bulid這一動作發(fā)生在過去。②據(jù)說 be said to;be said to+ 動詞不定式的完成時，表示不定式表示的動作已經(jīng)完成。

【原句精釋】據(jù)說這座意義深遠的博物館大約建成于一百年前。

89.There would be no life on earth ____________________(沒有地球獨特的環(huán)境)。

解析: without its unique environment but for its unique environment

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本題句子含有There be結(jié)構(gòu)。主干完整，there主語，would be 謂語，no life 表語，on earth 地點狀語

【考點解釋】本題重點考查：①without的用法 without 是介詞，后接名詞;同時，表示“沒有”，除without外，還可用but for;②單詞拼寫 unique adj.獨特;environment n.環(huán)境 ③當名詞重復出現(xiàn)時，可適當使用代詞，避免重復。

【原句精釋】沒有地球獨特的環(huán)境，地球上就不會有生命。

90.______________________________(給游客印象最深的)was the friendliness and warmth of the local people.解析：What impressed the tourists most

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本題句子為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，主語即考查部分，was 系動詞，剩余部分為表語。

【考點解釋】本題重點考查①what引導的主語從句;what可引導句子充當主語;②impress用法 給?留下印象 impress sb;③最高級的用法most;結(jié)合考點②③，可推出“給?印象最深”為impress sb most

【原句精釋】當?shù)厝说挠焉婆c熱情給游客們留下了最深的印象。

91.They requested that ___________________________(我借的書還回圖書館)by next Friday.解析：books I borrowed(should)be returned to the library

I(should)return the book I borrowed to the library

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本題句子的主干部分分別是they 主語，request 謂語，后接that引導的賓語從句。

【考點解釋】①request的用法。request v.要求;當request表示“要求”時，引導的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣，即(should)+ 動詞原形。②定語從句。“我借的書”，the book(that)I borrowed;③單詞的拼寫。歸還 return，借 borrow，圖書館 library ④本題就此題提供了兩個版本的答案，但在表示“規(guī)定，規(guī)則”時，被動語態(tài)更為常用。

【原句精釋】他們要求我在下周五之前把借的書還回圖書館。

版本二：

87.In order to ensure him to attend the meeting

88.was said to be founded

89.without the special environment on earth

90.what the tourists were impressed by

91.the books that I borrowed be returned to the library

第二篇：2016年6月大學英語四級真題答案與解析

寫作

題目：

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.今年四級時隔九年之后首次考了一道應用文寫作，雖然出乎意料，但是大家可以根據(jù)題干中的關鍵詞“l(fā)etter”迅速判斷今年要寫的是書信。書信本身難度不大，但是需要特別注意英文書信的書寫格式。

一、四級書信格式要求

1、抬頭：收件人的姓名

2、正文：三段式

3、落款：祝福（yours sincerely）+寫信人名

二、感謝信格式模板: Dear ______, I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for __________________(感謝的原因).If it had not been for your assistance in __________________(對方給你的具體幫助), I fear that I would have been___________________(沒有對方幫助時的后果).No one would disagree that it was you who___________________________(給出細節(jié)).Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you!Please accept my gratitude.Best wishes.Yours sincerely，Li Ming（注意：抬頭的Dear+人名頂格靠左寫，后面一定要加逗號！落款yours sincerely和寫信人名頂格靠右寫，yours sincerely后面也一定要加逗號！Yours sincerely為書信的慣用套話，這個必須得有！）

三、真題解析

再來看看今天第三套試卷的寫作。寫作要求讓自己寫一封感謝信來表達你對幫助自己克服困難的朋友的感謝。雖然書信大家可能在復習的時候準備的較少，但其實只要抓住了書信的基本格式，即多了抬頭和落款，正文的寫作應該較為簡單，尤其是第二段，大家可以按照熟悉的原因分析段的方式來寫。

1、寫作思路： 第一段：表明對朋友的感謝并點題；

第二段：朋友用哪些方式幫我在哪些方面克服了困難

第三段：再次表示對朋友誠摯的感謝并祝愿朋友身體健康。

2、范文： Dear Tom, I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for your great help when I failed that vital English interview.If it had not been for your assistance in giving me those brilliant suggestions and warm encouragement, I fear that I would have lost my way.No one would disagree that it was you who stayed with me and pulled me through the hard time.First and foremost, you told me it is the priority for me to calm down.This is due to the fact that the ability to stay sober and positive made me come up with quite a few ideas to cope with the consequence that failure triggered.Furthermore, you made me learn to analyze my lack of interview skills and find solutions.Plenty of evidence has shown that this work played an indispensable role in my success the next year.Last but not the least, you helped to build my confidence.Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you!Please accept my gratitude.Best wishes.Yours sincerely, Li Ming

選詞填空

一、文章主旨： 根據(jù)首句，我們可以看到整篇文章的主旨意思：physical activity does the body good, and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too.（身體活動對身體活動有好處，越來越多的證據(jù)顯示它對大腦也有好處），所以我們可以知道整篇文章實際是在討論身體活動與大腦活動相關的影響。

二、對15個選項進行詞性分類 A.n B.adv C.n D.v-ing E.v-ing F.adj G.adj H.v I.n J.adv K.adv L.n M.v N.v O.v

三、判斷空格詞性

26., ___ to have higher GPAs and better scores 固定搭配 tend to 傾向于

答案：O 27.In a ___ of 14 studies that 空格詞性為名詞，備選項有 ACIL A.出席，出勤 C 趨勢 I 心境 L 表現(xiàn)

答案：C 28.physical activity and academic ___ 空格詞性為名詞，備選項有 A I L 答案：A 29., ___ in the basic subjects of math, 空格詞性為副詞，備選項有BJK 答案：K 30.schools struggle to ___ on smaller budgets.空格詞性為動詞原形 備選項有HMN 答案：N 31.With standardized test scores in the U.S.___ in recent years, 空格詞性為動詞ing，備選項有DE 答案：E 32.exercise and academics may not be ___ exclusive.空格詞性為副詞，備選項有BJ 答案：J 33.can improve blood ___ to the brain 空格詞性為動詞 備選項有 DHM 答案：H 34.，which are ___ to learning.空格詞性為形容詞 備選項有FG 答案：F 35.can improve ___ and relieve stress.空格詞性為名詞，備選項有IL 答案：L 篇章閱讀第二篇

51.A 解析：審題，問的是這個研究的目的，根據(jù)題干中的大寫字母JAGS定位到第一段，JAGS looked at this question那一句，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)研究的目的是為了回答這個問題，由此可知就是上文提到的兩個問題，所以是跟personality affect longevity 有關的，答案選A 52.D 解析：審題，根據(jù)outgoing and sympathetic people 定位到第二段，由最后一句話可知 作者暗示這些人是更有可能度過艱難時期的人。答案選D 53.C 解析：審題，finding 研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，out of our exception 出乎我們的意料的，所以結(jié)合題文同序原則定位到第三段，一開頭就出現(xiàn)了however，所以出乎意料的是有一些你認為有利的人格卻對長壽沒有影響。后面接著就舉例說明了。答案選C 54.D 解析：關鍵詞定位到倒數(shù)第二段，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)母親的人格對孩子的壽命有影響，選D 55.B 解析：定位到最后一段，說明身、心健康二者才是促成長壽的原因。翻譯

烏鎮(zhèn)是浙江的一座古老水鎮(zhèn)，坐落在京杭大運河畔。這是一處迷人的地方，有很多古橋，中式旅館和餐館。在過去一千多年里，烏鎮(zhèn)的水系和生活方式并未經(jīng)歷多少變化，是一座展現(xiàn)古文明的博物館。烏鎮(zhèn)所有房屋都用石木建造。數(shù)百年來，當?shù)厝搜睾舆吔ㄆ鹆俗≌图?。無數(shù)寬敞美麗的庭院藏身于屋舍之間，游客們每到一處都會有驚喜的發(fā)現(xiàn)。Wuzhen, an ancient waterside town in Zhejiang Province, is located by the Great Canal.It is a charming scenic spot with numerous old bridges, hotels and restaurants of Chinese style.In the past more than 1,000 years, the water system and life style in Wuzhen has experienced few changes, which is a museum unfolding the ancient civilization.All the houses there are constructed with stones and wood.For hundreds of years, the locals have built dwellings and markets along the river banks.There are innumerable roomy and beautiful courts hiding among the houses, and tourists will have surprise discoveries wherever they go.解析：

1.第一句是個標準的A is B, and A is C句式，根據(jù)我們之前在課程上講過的公式直接套取即A is B, and A is C = A, B, is C。把“浙江的一座古老水鎮(zhèn)”這個部分寫成“烏鎮(zhèn)”的同位語，用“坐落”作為該句的謂語部分。

2.第二句又是一個有逗號的句子，前方是個簡單的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)的句式，后方的“有很多”這個結(jié)構(gòu)，我們在課堂上講過，表示的并非是“真正的擁有”的意思，而是一種伴隨的狀態(tài)，可以用“with”的短語表達出來。

3.第三句，第一個逗號之前是明顯的時間狀語，提醒了第二個逗號前的句子應該使用現(xiàn)在完成時，第二個逗號之后的句子是用來陳述客觀事實，可用一般現(xiàn)在時。前后句主語一致，都為烏鎮(zhèn)，所以根據(jù)我們所說過的合句提分的方法，后句直接用“，which……”即可連接。而此句難點在于“展現(xiàn)古文明的”這個定語如何翻譯，如果不會直接翻譯，我們可以把這個句子拆成“是一座博物館，它展現(xiàn)了古文明”來解決，或者像例文中所示一樣，用我們所說過的非謂語動詞作定語的結(jié)構(gòu)，由邏輯主語主動發(fā)出并與謂語動詞同時發(fā)出的原則選取doing作定語，譯成“unfolding the ancient civilization”的后置定語即可。4.第四句是難度很小的一句話，判斷出用一般現(xiàn)在時和被動語態(tài)即可。

5.第五句話從時間狀語來判斷，使用現(xiàn)在完成時即可。難度也較小。6.第六句逗號前的半個句子根據(jù)“在某地存在某人某物”的句型判斷應該使用there be句型翻譯。逗號后面的句子跟前面是個并列結(jié)構(gòu)，用and并列即可。

第三篇：2011年12月大學英語四級真題及答案解析

2011年12月英語四級真題及答案

1作文真題范文及點評

Nothing Scucceeds Without a Strong Willby commenting on the humorous saying, “Quitting smoking is the eaiest thing in the world.I'va done it hundreds of times.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part I Writing

Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will

Nothing runs smoothly in our life.To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential.Life is like a Marathon.Many people can’t get to the terminal.This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake.They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting.Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking.After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough.Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.” By doing this, they surrender to their weak will.In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will.To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you know where you go and you will persist on the road you choose.Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute 文章點評：

本文屬于話題類作文，只看題目 “Nothing Succeeds without a strong will”考生會覺得比較抽象，難以下手。細看題目說明中給出了提示，要求考生結(jié)合戒煙屢次不成功的幽默引語對該話題進行分析闡述。

總體來說，這是一篇“中等偏上”的考生作文。本文先點題指出“堅強意志”的重要性；第二段從反面舉例闡述——具體描寫了意志不堅定者的心理活動，闡述為什么會戒煙失敗；最后從戒煙延伸到生活中的其他事情，并復述堅強意志的內(nèi)涵，點題收尾。

總體上來看，文章思路清晰，采用了生動的比喻和形象的心理描寫，語言流暢，用語地道。

但一些重復表達（如第二段和第三段中的weak will）顯得單調(diào)，可用shaky ones, weak-willed persons，the strong-willed等靈活表達。在備考中，多積累不同表達，相信會寫出更生動的文章。

在論述上，敘述略顯羅嗦。第二段心理描寫過多，雖然流暢生動，但卻使這篇考場作文超過了規(guī)定字數(shù)，反而成為失分點，這一點要引以為戒。

范文高分版

Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will

As we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved.There is something provoking and interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water does.The ability to do something over and over again in a short time may imply its easiness, but in a long run, a lifetime maybe, things turn out to be quite the opposite.Also, as is often the case, one may have obtained all the tools and opportunities to achieve something, but in the end they still fail due to the will shortage.So how could we avoid the dilemma? Here is the prime condition of success: will and perseverance.Concentrate you energy, thought and mind exclusively on the business in which you are engaged, hang on in there and be patient, for, as Emerson put it, no one can cheat you out of your ultimate success but yourself.點評：

本次四級作文探討的話題是成功與毅力之間的關系，話題不算新，一般考生對此都比較熟悉，所以對考生來說難度不大。寫好這篇作文，需要抓住兩點，一是緊跟題目要求，即對上述幽默性的話語做出評論，二是在評論的基礎上要亮出自己的觀點。

范文開頭第一句即一針見血地對上述幽默性話語做出總結(jié)性概括，即戒煙看似簡單實則很難，隨后指出該話語本質(zhì)上是一個悖論，并且以一個“水滴石穿”的俗語來指出困難所在，這句也是本文的一個亮點，體現(xiàn)作者在西方俗語方面豐富的知識儲備。

第二段作者則進一步深入分析該話語，指出做某事在短期看來很容易，長期來看，恰恰相反，人們做事的結(jié)果也因此總是失敗，原因則在最后一句點出：缺乏毅力。

第三段作者進一步給出了自己的觀點，告訴大家如何避免陷入這種兩難境地：首要條件即需要堅強的意志和長期的堅持。最后再以艾默生的一句名言 “沒人能夠騙你遠離你最終的成功，除非你自己承認失敗”來總結(jié)全文，切中主題，鏗鏘有力。

快速閱讀真題 及答案

What is Integrity?

“Integrity” is defined as “adherence to moral and ethical principles;honesty.” The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself(honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness)but also living up to those standards each day.One who by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed.But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others.Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional.Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky Business

We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure.The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems.We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices.To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts.For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required.But the fact that such a violation is “unintentional” does not excuse the misconduct.Ignorance is not a defense.“But Everybody Does It”

Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: “Everyone else does it,” “I'm not hurting anyone,” or “I really need this grade.” Excuses can get very elaborate: “I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers, not copying.” We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses.If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder.Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're rationalizing it to yourself.Evaluating Risks

To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself.Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits(“what's in it for me”), and simply haven't considered what might go wrong.The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a “0” on a test or assignment;an “F” in the class;Suspension or Dismissal from school;transcript notation;and a tarnished reputation.In fact, when you break a rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment might be.This is an extremely precarious and vulnerable position.There may be some matters of life and death, or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.Getting Away With It--Or Not

Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price.A cheater doesn't learn from the test, depriving him/herself of an education.Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed.Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught.Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems “easier.” This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster.Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences.Students have been dismissed from school because they didn't get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works.Cheating Hurts Others, Too

Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions “don't count” and don't really hurt anyone.But individual choices have a profound cumulative effect.Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by being seen from across the room.Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat.If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades.Even if there is no curve, cheating “poisons” the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in.(“If I don't cheat, I can't compete with those who do.”)Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers.The real reward of good teaching is seeing students learn, but a cheater says, “I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach;all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others.” The and destructive attack on the quality of your education.Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the University, and harm those who worked hard for their degree.Why Integrity Matters

If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble.We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day.If not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless.There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have.The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole.Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being.For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society.Our actions do matter.It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)1.A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.A)sticks to them in their daily life B)makes them known to others C)understands their true values D)sees that others also follow them 2.What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships? A)It helps to create team spirit B)It facilitates communication C)It is the basis of mutual trust D)It inspires mutual respect 3.why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？ A.To ensure we make responsible choices.B.To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.C.so that we don’t break any rules.D.so that we don’t run into trouble.4.Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______? A.it has caused no harm.B.it is claimed to be unintentional.C.it has gone unnoticed.D.it is committed with good intentions.5.What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself? A.Avoid making excuses.B.Listen to other people’s advice.C.Make his intensions public.D.Have others watch over his shoulder.6.Those who take risks they regret later on _______.A.will often become more cautious B.are usually very aggressive C.value immediate benefits most.D.may lose everything in the end 7.According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.A)pay more dearly B)become more confident C)be widely admired D)feel somewhat lucky 8.Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how tostealing a grade 9.Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s honesty and good faith.10.Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of the Watergate scandal.聽力真題及答案

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C)and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused.I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?

M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?

Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?

12.W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night.Did you get home in time to see it?

W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.Q: What does the man mean?

13.W: Airport, please.I’m running a little late.So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation? 14.W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish.I’m allergic to it.Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?

15.W: now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?

M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.Q: What do we learn about the man?

16.M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year.I need more privacy.W: I know what you mean.But check out the cost if renting an apartment first.I won’t be surprised if you 5 change your mind.Q: What does the woman imply?

17.M: You’re on the right track.I just think you need to narrow the topic down.W: Yeah, you’re right.I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I’m doing a research paper.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

18.W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn’t it?

M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside.Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation? Long Conversation

Conversation One

M: When I say I live in Sweden, people always want to know about the seasons.W: The seasons?

M: Yeah, you know how cold it is in winter? What is it like when the days are so short?

W: So what is it like?

M: Well, it is cold ,very cold in winter.Sometimes it is cold as 26 degrees below centigrade.And of course when you go out, you’ll wrap up warm.But inside in the houses it’s always very warm, much warmer than at home.Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.W: And what about the darkness?

M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring.It is sometimes a bit depressing.But you see the summers are amazing, from May to July in the North of Sweden the sun never sets.It’s still light in the midnight.You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.M: Yeah, that’s right, but it’s wonderful.You won’t stay up all night.And the Swedes makes most of it often they started work earlier in summer and then leave at about 2 or 3 in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings.They’d like to work hard, but play hard, too.I think Londoners work longer hours, but I’m not sure this is a good thing.Q19: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

Q20: What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?

Q21: How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden?

Q21: What does the man say about the Swedish people? Conversation Two

W: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job?

M: That’s a very good question.I don’t think there is any, specifically.W: For example, in your case, what was your educational background?

M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham.After that, I did careers work in secondary schools like the careers guidance people.Here is in the university.Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side.Then progressed on to universities.So there wasn’t any plan and there was no specific training.There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now.W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.M: In my time, there wasn’t a degree you could do for administration.I think most of the administrators I’ve come across have degrees and all sorts of things.W: Well, I know in my case, I did an English literature degree and I didn’t really expect to end up doing what I am doing now.M: Quite.W: But you are local to Nottingham, actually? Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?

M: No, no, I come from the north of England, from west Yorkshire.Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list.And I like the look of it.The campus is just beautiful.W: Yes, indeed.Let’s see.Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire?

M: Yes, from the Woolen District.Q23.What was the man’s major at university?

Q24: What was the man’s job in secondary schools?

Q25: What attracted the man to Nottingham University? Section B

Passage One

While Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed.Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form or they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful.Japanese listeners sometimes closed their eyes to enhance concentration.Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words.Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of minority group in North America.Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings.Here are some examples.In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air.In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker.Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact.In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.Questions:

26, What did Obcamp’s speech focus on?

27, Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech?

28, What does the speaker try to explain? Passage Two

Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company.He is soon going to have an evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in the past year.Salary, promotion and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting.Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year.First, he bought new equipment for one of the departments.He has been particularly happy about the new equipment because many of the employees have told him how much it has helped them.Along with improving the equipment, Chris began a program to train employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves.The training saved time for the employees and money for the company.Unfortunately, one serious problem developed during the year.Two employees the Chris hired were stealing, and he had to fire them.Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job.Chris knows, however, that someone else wants that new job, too.Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company.She has also made several changes over the year.Chris knows that his boss likes Kim’s work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.What is Chris’s main responsibility at Taxlong Company?

30.What problem did Chris encounter in his Division?

31.What does Chris hope for in the near future?

32.What do we learn about Kim from the passage? Passage Three

Proverbs, sometimes called sayings, are examples of folk wisdom.They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life.Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture.Values teach people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong.Because the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of another culture helps explain how people think and act.Understanding your own culture values is important too.If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier.Many proverbs are very old.So some of the values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were.For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb “Haste makes waste”, because patience is not important to them.But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still strong today.Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “Time is money” is taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before.A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures.In many cases though, the same idea is expressed differently.Questions 33-35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.Why are proverbs so important?

34.According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time?

What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world? Section C

Compound Dictation

Our lives are woven together.As much as I enjoy my own company, I no longer imagine I can get through a single day much less all my life completely on my own.Even if I am on vacation in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others, using electricity someone else is distributing to my house.Evidence of interdependence is everywhere;we are on this journey together.As I was growing up, I remember being carefully taught that independence not interdependence was everything.“Make your own way”,” Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it.Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture.I imagine that what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices.But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines.And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help.I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.聽力答案：11.^^ask the staff 12.b ^^ TV program13.^^^^^^ missing her flight 14.at a restaurant 15^^^^of the woman 16.^^^^alow-rent apartment 17.^^^otpic more focuse 18,they didnot 19,he likes 20,the cold 21 depressing 22they work 23,french 24,careers 25,its26 the art of 27to enhance 28how listeners 29 directing 30twoofhis employee 31advancement 32sheis competing 33The help 34.Their wording 35.Some 36company 37single 38completely39vacation 40built 41ecectricity42 evidence 43journey

本次聽力考試長對話第一篇難度略低與以往水平，話題關于瑞典的天氣和生活方式，對話以man speaker提供信息為主，woman speaker穿針引線，所以大家集中精力聽man speaker的話即可。

文章大意：對話先談論了瑞典的季節(jié)，冬天異常寒冷，低至零下26度，但是室內(nèi)非常溫暖，所以瑞典人到了英國會抱怨室內(nèi)溫度低。接下來討論了不同季節(jié)的日光長度，圣誕節(jié)期間每天只有1小時光照，而五月到七月，直到午夜還有還有日照，所以瑞典享有“The Land of Mid-night Sun”的美譽。瑞典人夏季很早上班，下午2，3點就下班，享受漫長的夏季夜晚。他們的生活方式用原文中的一句話來概述就是“They like to work hard, but play hard too.”。

出題點有4處，全部為細節(jié)題，第19題：“What do we learn about the man from the conversation?”，答案出現(xiàn)在對話開篇。第20題: “What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?”，答案出現(xiàn)在文中，瑞典人拜訪英國會抱怨英國人的室內(nèi)很冷。第21題“How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden？”，man speaker 的評論是 “a bit depressing ”.第22題“What does the man say about the Swedish people?”，瑞典人工作努力，也很會享受盛會。

考場上，大家只要能follow the man speaker’s track，抓住細節(jié)，就一定會找出答案。Wish all of you good luck!

本次四級第二篇長對話難度不高，話題是考生很熟悉的校園學習類。從對話的語氣中可以猜出是學妹在請教學長關于工作所需的教育背景。

考查長對話一般是看兩人談話會有幾個話題，換一個話題就會相應地換一個問題。這篇考試也不例外，三個問題分別是1.男人的專業(yè)？2.男人在中學的工作？3.男人上諾丁漢大學的原因？1和3尤其好辨別，相信同學們做對基本的2道題是肯定沒有問題的。

抓住了“話題轉(zhuǎn)換有考題”的技巧后，再運用我們課上反復強調(diào)的“聽到什么選什么”的技巧，那答案就呼之欲出了。比如1應該是French, 2 是career work, 3是campus environment.再加上我們上課教的學習場景詞匯中的高頻詞degree, secondary school, administration, literature, campus, major。如果考生在考場上能及時激活，那文章的大意一定非常明了。

Passage 2 難度適中，話題是升職，屬于商務工作場景，大意是Chris 作為公司的采購部的職員希望得到提升，但是遇到了同是采購部的競爭對手Kim，Kim受到領導的喜歡而且表現(xiàn)也不錯。原文描述了Chris和Kim在公司中的表現(xiàn)。涉及到的常考詞匯有：purchase, maintenance, interview，salary, promotion, equipment, employee, responsibility。這些詞匯在聽力商務場景中講過，要求大家必背的。在閱讀課上商務類文章中也講過數(shù)次。接下來我們看看具體的題目和答案所在處。Question 29: what is Chris’s main responsibility at Texalon company? 我們課堂上說篇章一般開頭30秒會有一題的答案，這題的答案在第一句話。

Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his division at Texalon company.In charge 管理和負責的意思。Purchase采購，maintenance 維修。Question 30: what problem did Chris encounter in his division? Unfortunately, one serious problem develops during the year.Two employees that Chris hired were stealing and he had to fire them.此題答案在文章中間部分，關鍵是problem 這個詞。Question 31: what does Chris hope for in the near future? He would like to be promoted to the job.Promote 升職。Would like to 想要。Question 32: what do we learn about Kim from the passage? 原文：Chris knows, however, someone else wants the new job too.Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another division of the company.Kim這個女人也是負責采購和維修的，她希望得到這個工作。

完形填空真題 答案

Part V Cloze

Employers fear they will be unable recruit students with the skills they need as the economic recovery kicks in, a new survey 67.reveals.Nearly half of organisations told researchers they were already struggling to find 68.staff with skills in science, technology, engineering and maths(STEM), 69.while even more companies expect to experience 70.shortages of employees with Stem skills in the next three years.The Confederation of British Industry and the vocational qualifications body EDI 71.surveyed6 94 organisations across the public and 72.private sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people.Half are 73.concerned they will not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years, while a third said they would not be able to 74.recruit enough employees with the right A-level skills.“75.As we move further into recovery and businesses plan 76.for growth, the demand for people with high-quality skills and qualifications will 77.intensify,” said Richard Lambert, director general, CBI.“In the future, people with qualifications in science and maths will be particularly sought after, and firms say it is already hard to find people with the right 78.technical or engineering skills.The new government must make it a top 79.priority to encourage more young people to study science-related 80.subjects.”

The survey found that young people would improve their job prospects 81.if they studied business studies, maths, English and physics or chemistry at A-level.The A-levels that employers82.rate least are psychology and sociology.And while many employers don't insist on a83.particular degree subject, a third prefer to hire those with a Stem-related subject.The research 84.highlighted worries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in the UK 85.workforce.Half of employers expressed worries about employees' basic literacy and numeracy skills, while the biggest problem is with IT skills, 86.where two-thirds reported concerns.67.reveals

68.staff

69.while

70.shortages

71.surveyed

72.private

73.concerned

74.recruit

75.As

76.for

77.intensify

78.technical

79.priority

80.subjects

81.if

82.rate

83.particular

84.highlighted

85.workforce

86.where

翻譯真題、答案及點評

87.Charity groups organized various activities to ________（為地震幸存者籌款）.87.Raise money for the survial in the earthquck 88.Linda_______（不可能收到我的電子郵件）；otherwise, she would have replied.can’t receive my e-mail 89.It's my mother________(一直在鼓勵我不要灰心)when I have difficulties in my studies.89.oncovrage me not lose heart 90.The publishing house has to ________（考慮這部小說的受歡迎程度）.90.condsider the popularrring of this novel 91.It is absolutely wrong to _________(僅僅以金錢來定義幸福).91.defive the happiness only by momey

第四篇：大學英語四級作文真題解析

大學英語四級作文真題解析

四級的題型包括論說文、說明文、記敘文。2017年6月份我們考的是考應用文，賣的是二手車、二手電腦，12月份考的是文字當中的A或者B的形式，到底是工作還是考研，到底是國企還是外企。2017年12月考到的是大家關心的醫(yī)鬧問題，同學感覺到這個問題比較傷感。醫(yī)鬧怎么說?我們可以翻成“醫(yī)療的一些問題、爭端或者沖突”等等。這是第一套題。第二套題，講的是所謂的老師和學生之間的關系如何營造。第三套題，父母和孩子的關系。

大家發(fā)現(xiàn)這道題從審題的難度來講基本長沒有什么難度，基本上是初中、小學詞匯，題干不會出現(xiàn)什么問題。“How to”題型已經(jīng)考過三次，重點在如何(how)，也就是說我們重點是方法。從內(nèi)容上來講，但是發(fā)現(xiàn)這三道考題之間的關系是大家非常熟悉的話題，比說醫(yī)鬧關系，醫(yī)生和患者之間的關系，老師和學生的關系，這是教育的話題，再比如家長和孩子之間的關系等等，所以從題材到內(nèi)容來說都是四級考生已經(jīng)必備的知識要素。

我們的四六級的寫作滿分是15分，包括兩部分，第一是獎勵分，第二是基本分的部分。

首先，獎勵分是卷面的問題，大家都喜歡美的事物。也就是說要保持卷面清晰，給老師留下好的第一印象。第二是基本分。這里包括三部分。

第一是文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。

我們在寫作文的時候分三個層次，總分總的原則，第一自然段我們一定要進行引題部分，第二是分析，第三是總結(jié)。第一段把醫(yī)患關系，家長和孩子關系，學生和老師的關系等等，這些核心的主題詞引導出來。

第二是分析。根據(jù)不同文章的要求，不同文章的題材進行分析的過程。重點在方法、建議的措施上。所以這個文章中間分析的環(huán)節(jié)，重點講的是建議、措施和方法。

第三是總結(jié)。注意要加上所謂邏輯關系詞。比如三個方法，或者是三個建議的措施，三個原因，三個危害等等。

這是英語考試，大家一定要想清楚我們每句話首先保證的是準確，其次保證的是漂亮。如何保證準確漂亮?第一個是詞的運用，我們在剛才的文章當中，是否出現(xiàn)了“重要important”這個單詞，你可以換一些高級的詞匯essential，當你把這些常見的單詞進行高級化的替換以后，你的分值就會提高。再說一下句型的文化。好的文章，不僅是句子準確，還要考慮句子的高級化。比如說你是否運用了非謂語動詞等高級語法。

第五篇：2005年12月英語四級考試真題和答案及解析

2005年12月全國大學英語四級考試真題和答案

Part I Listening Comprehension(20 minutes)Section A 1.A)See a doctor.B)Stay in bed for a few days.C)Get treatment in a better hospital.D)Make a phone call to the doctor.2.A)The 2:00 train will arrive earlier.B)The 2:30 train has a dining car.C)The woman prefers to take the 2:30 train.D)they are gong to have some fast food on the train 3.A)She has been longing to attend Harvard University.B)She’ll consider the man’s suggestion carefully.C)She has finished her project with Dr.Garcia’s help.D)She’ll consult Dr.Garcia about entering graduate school.4.A)Alice didn’t seem to be nervous during her speech.B)Alice needs more training in making public speeches.C)The man can hardly understand Alice’s presentation.D)The man didn’t think highly of Alice’s presentation.5.A)It’s worse than 30 years ago.B)It remains almost the same as before.C)There are more extremes in the weather.D)There has been a significant rise in temperature.6.A)At a publishing house.B)At a bookstore.C)In a reading room.D)In Prof.Jordan’s office.7.A)The man can stay in her brother’s apartment.B)Her brother can help the man find a cheaper hotel.C)Her brother can find an apartment for the man.D)The man should have booked a less expensive hotel.8.A)Priority should be given to listening.B)It’s most helpful to read English newspapers every day.C)It’s more effective to combine listening with reading.D)Reading should come before listening.9.A)It can help solve complex problems.B)It will most likely prove ineffective.C)It is a new weapon against terrorists.D)It will help detect all kinds of liars.10.A)Help the company recruit graduate students.B)Visit the electronics company next week.C)Get apart-time job on campus before graduation.D)Apply for a job in the electronics company.Section B

Passage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.A)It ha been proven to be the best pain-killer.B)It is a possible cure for heart disease.C)It can help lower high body temperature effectively.D)It reduces the chance of death for heart surgery patients.12.A)It keeps blood vessels from being blocked.B)It speeds up their recovery after surgery.C)It in creases the blood flow to the heart.D)It adjusts their blood pressure.13.A)It is harmful to heart surgery patients with stomach bleeding.B)It should not be taken by heart surgery patients before the operation.C)It will have considerable side effects if taken in large doses.D)It should not be given to patients immediately after the operation.Passage Two Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.A)They strongly believe in family rules.B)They are very likely to succeed in life.C)They tend to take responsibility for themselves.D)They are in the habit of obeying their parents.15.A)They grow up to be funny and charming.B)They often have a poor sense of direction.C)They get less attention from their parents.D)They tend to be smart and strong-willed.16.A)They usually don’t follow family rules.B)They don’t like to take chances in their lives.C)They are less likely to be successful in life.D)They tend to believe in their parent’s ideas.Passage Three Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17.A)They wanted to follow his example.B)They fully supported his undertaking.C)They were puzzled by his decision.D)They were afraid he wasn’t fully prepared.18.A)It is more exciting than space travel.B)It is much cheaper than space travel.C)It is much safer than space travel.D)It is less time-consuming than space travel.19.A)They both attract scientists’ attention.B)They can both be quite challenging.C)They are both thought-provoking.D)They may both lead to surprising findings.20.A)To show how simple the mechanical aids for diving can be.B)To provide an excuse for his changeable character.C)To explore the philosophical issues of space travel.D)To explain why he took up underwater exploration.Part II Reading comprehension(35 minutes)Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect ―saddle curl,‖ the Lay’s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination.But its maker.Frito-Lay.Thinks otherwise.―Potato chips are a snack food for the world,‖ said Salman Amin, the company’s head of global marketing.Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in America, owned by PepsiCo.And accounts for over half of the parent company’s $3 billion annual profits.But the U.S.snack food market is largely saturated, and to grow, the company has to look overseas.Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete.And second, consumers in the 21st century are drawn to ―global‖ as a concept.―Global‖ does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones than consumes-especially young people-see as part of a modem, innovative(創(chuàng)新的)world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes.Potato chips are an American invention, but most Chinese, for instance, do not know than Frito-Lay is an American company.Instead, Riskey, the company’s research and development head, would hope they associate the brand with the new world of global communications and business.With brand perception a crucial factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo(標識).The logo, along with the company’s long-held marketing image of the “irresistibility” of its chips, would help facilitate the company’s global expansion.The executives acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism.Rater, they see Frito-Lay as spreading the benefits of free enterprise across the world.―We’re making products in those countries, we’re adapting them to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives,‖ said Steve Reinemund, PepsiCo’s chief executive.21.It is the belief of Frito-Lay’s head of global marking that ________.A)potato chips can hardly be used as a weapon to dominate the world market B)their company must find new ways to promote domestic sales C)the light golden color enhances the charm of their company’s potato chips D)people the world over enjoy eating their company’s potato chips 22.What do we learn about Frito-Lay from Paragraph 2? A)Its products use to be popular among overseas consumers.B)Its expansion has caused fierce competition in the snack marker.C)It gives half of its annual profits to its parent company.D)It needs to turn to the word market for development.23.One of the assumptions on which Frito-Lay bases its development strategy is that ________.A)consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brands B)local brands cannot compete successfully with American brands C)products suiting Chinese consumers’ needs bring more profits D)products identified as American will have promising market value

24.Why did Riskey have the Frito-Lay logo redesigned? A)To suit changing tastes of young consumers.B)To promote the company’s strategy of globalization.C)To change the company’s long-held marketing image.D)To compete with other American chip producers.25.Frito-Lay’s executives claim that the promoting of American food in the international market ________.A)won’t affect the eating habits of the local people B)will lead to economic imperialism C)will be in the interest of the local people D)won’t spoil the taste of their chips Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement.―We’re worried about our teachers and principals, and we really don’t want to lose them because of this,‖ one parent sail.―If we can help ease their financial burden, we will.―

Teachers are grateful, but know it may be years before the district is solvent(有綜合能力的).They feel really good about the parent support, but they realize it’s impossible for then to solve this problem.The 22,000-student district discovered the shortage last month.―It’s extraordinary.Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level,‖ said State Treasurer Mike Coffman.Coffman and district officials last week agreed on a state emergency plan freeing yp a $9.8 million loan that enabled the payroll(工資單)to be met for 2,700 teachers and staff in time for the holidays.District officials also took $1.7 million from student-activity accounts its 38 schools.At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances.Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.In Frederick, students’ parents are buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utilities to keep first-year teachers and principals in their jobs.Some $36,000 has been raised in donations from Safeway.A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill for renting the driver educating cars.IBM contributed 4,500 packs of paper.“We employ thousands of people in this community,‖ said Mitch Carson, a hospital chief executive, who helped raise funds.―We have children in the school, and we see how they could be affected.‖

At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum(論壇)。“Rumors about what’s happening to the district are moving at lighting speed,” said a student.“We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.‖

26.What has happened to the Vrain School District? A)A huge financial problem has arisen.B)Many schools there are mismanaged.C)Lots of teachers in the district are planning to quit.D)Many administrative personnel have been laid off.27.How did the residents in the Vrain School District respond to the budget shortage? A)They felt somewhat helpless about it.B)They accused those responsible for it.C)They pooled their efforts to help solve it.D)They demanded a through investigation.28.In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortage is ________.A)unavoidable B)unthinkable C)insolvable D)irreversible 29.Why did Coffman request an investigation? A)To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.B)To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.C)To make sure that the school principals were innocent.D)To stop the voters approving the $212 million bong issue.30.Three high school students started a website in order to ________.A)attract greater public attention to their needs B)appeal to the public for contributions and donations C)expose officials who neglected their duties D)keep people properly informed of the crisis Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.‖ Said Dr.Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body.While here’s on question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they stress that you can manage also boost immune(免疫的)function.In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences.In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects through a gory(血淋淋的)video on surgical procedures.Those who did well on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that’s the body’s first line of defense against germs.The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones.In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function.―They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,‖ says Dr.Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York.But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.“Sustained stress is not good for you,‖ says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity, ―It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.‖ 31.The passage is mainly about ________.A)the benefits of manageable stress B)stay away from C)run out of D)put up with 32.The word ―shun‖(Line 1, Para.1)most probably means ________.A)cut down on B)stay away from C)run out of D)put up with 33.We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that ________.A)people under stress tend to have a poor memory B)people who can’t get their job done experience more stress C)doing challenging work may be good for one’s health D)stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs

34.In the experiment described in Paragraph 3, the video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody because ________.A)the video was not enjoyable at all B)the outcome was beyond their control C)they knew little about surgical procedures D)they felt no pressure while watching the video 35.Dr.Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University believes that ________.A)a person’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his body B)stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brain C)short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory function D)a person’s memory improves with continued experience of stress Passage Four Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children.But how you say it can be quite tricky.If you say to your children ―I’m sorry I got angry with you, but...‖ what follows that ―but‖ can render the apology ineffective: ―I had a bad day‖ or ―your noise was giving me a headache‖ leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say ―I’m sorry you’re upset‖;this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again.Saying ―I’m useless as a parent‖ does not commit a person to any specific improvement.These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness, Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become a

ware of the complexities of saying sorry.A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology.A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology.A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.36.If a mother adds ―but‖ to an apology, ________.A)she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized B)she does not realize that the child has been hurt C)the child may find the apology easier to accept D)the child may feel that he owes her an apology 37.According to the author, saying ―I’m sorry you’re upset‖ most probably means ―________‖.A)You have good reason to get upset B)I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame C)I apologize for hurting your feelings D)I’m at fault for making you upset

38.It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because ________.A)it gets one into the habit of making empty promises B)it may make the other person feel guilty C)it is vague and ineffective D)it is hurtful and insulting 39.We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry ________.A)the complexities involved should be ignored B)their ages should be taken into account C)parents need to set them a good example D)parents should be patient and tolerant 40.It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is ________.A)a social issue calling for immediate attention B)not necessary among family members C)a sign of social progress D)not as simple as it seems Part III Vocabulary(20 minutes)41.Some people believe that since oil is scarce, the ________ of the motor industry is uncertain.A)terminal B)benefit C)fate D)estimate 42.To speed up the ________ of letters, the Post Office introduced automatic sorting.A)treatment B)delivery C)transmission D)departure 43.These overseas students show great ________ for learning a new language.A)enthusiasm

B)authority C)convention D)faith 44.The defense lawyer was questioning the old man who was one of the ________ of the murder committed last month.A)observers B)witnesses C)audiences D)viewers 45.Politically these nations tend to be ________, with very high birth rates but poor education and very low levels of literacy.A)unstable B)reluctant C)rational D)unsteady 46.The chairman was blamed for letting his secretary ________ too much work last week.A)take to B)take out C)take away D)take on 47.―You try to get some sleep.I’ll ________ the patient’s breakfast, ―said the nurse.A)see to B)stick to C)get to D)lead to 48.The London Marathon is a difficult race.________, thousands of runners participate every year.A)Therefore B)Furthermore C)Accordingly D)Nevertheless 49.The bank refused to ________ him any money, so he had to postpone buying a house.A)credit B)borrow C)loan D)lease 50.The more a nation’s companies ________ factories abroad, the smaller that country’s recorded exports will be.A)lie B)spot C)stand D)locate 51.Being ignorant of the law is not accepted as an ________ for breaking the law.A)excuse

B)intention C)option D)approval 52.Within two days, the army fired more than two hundred rockets and missiles at military ________ in the coastal city.A)goals B)aims C)targets D)destinations 53.It is said in some parts of the world, goats, rather than cows, serve as a vital ________ of milk.A)storage B)source C)reserve D)resource 54.―This light is too ________ for me to read by.Don’t we have a brighter bulb some where‖;said the elderly man.A)mild B)dim C)minute D)slight 55.We have arranged to go to the cinema on Friday, but we can be ________ and go another day.A)reliable B)probable C)feasible D)flexible 56.We are quite sure that we can ________ our present difficulties and finish the task according to schedule.A)get across B)get over C)get away D)get off 57.________ recent developments we do not think your scheme is practical.A)In view of B)In favor of C)In case of D)In memory of 58.Jessica was ________ from the warehouse to the accounting office, which was considered a promotion.A)delivered B)exchanged C)transferred D)transformed 59.Mr.Smith asked his secretary to ________ a new paragraph in the annual report she was typing.A)inject B)install C)invade D)insert 60.There’s the living room still to be ________, so that’s my next project.A)abandoned B)decorated C)dissolved D)assessed 61.The old paper mill has been ________ to make way for a new shopping centre.A)held down B)kept down C)cut down D)turn down 62.It may be necessary to stop ________ in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.A)at a distance B)at intervals C)at case D)at length 63.You can hire a bicycle in many places.Usually you’ll have to pay a ________.A)deposit B)deal C)fare D)fond 64.My grandfather had always taken a ________ interest in my work, and I had an equal admiration for the stories of his time.A)splendid B)weighty C)vague D)keen 65.________ quantities of water are being used nowadays with the rapid development of industry and agriculture.A)Excessive B)Extensive C)Extreme D)Exclusive 66.John cannot afford to go to university, ________ going abroad.A)nothing but B)anything but C)not to speak of D)nothing to speak of 67.Most laboratory and field studies of human behavior ________ taking a situational photograph at a given time and in a given place.A)involve B)compose C)enclose D)attach 68.If you don’t like to swim, you ________ as well stay at home.A)should B)may C)can D)would 69.Dr.Smith was always ________ the poor and the sick, often providing them with free medical care.A)reminded of B)absorbed in C)tended by D)concerned about 70.Thomas Jefferson and John Adams died on July 4, 1826, the fiftieth ________ of American Independence.A)ceremony B)occasion C)occurrence D)anniversary Part IV Cloze(15 minutes)As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes listening for that dreaded ―Is there a doctor on board?‖ announcement.I’ve been __71__ only once—for a woman who had merely fainted.But the __72__ made me quite curious about how __73__ this kind of thing happens I wondered what I would do if __74__ with a real midair medical emergency-with out access __75__ a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment.So __76__ the New England Journal of Medicine last week __77__ a study about in –flight medical events.I read it __78__ interest.The study estimated that there are a(n)__79__ of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S.flights every day.Most of them are not __80__;fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints.__81__ 13% of them –roughly four a day—are serious enough to __82__ a pilot to change course.The most common of the serious emergencies __83__ heart trouble, strokes, and difficulty breathing.Let’s face it: plane rides are __84__.For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly __85__ they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level.Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty __86__, but passengers with heart disease __87__ experience chest pains as result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood.__88__ common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosis—the so-called economy class syndrome(綜合癥).__89__ happens, don’t panic.Things are getting better on the in-flight-emergency front.Thanks to more recent legislation, flights with at __90__ one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks.71.A)called B)addressed

C)informed D)surveyed 72.A)Accident B)condition C)incident D)disaster 73.A)soon B)long C)many D)often 74.A)confronted B)treated C)identified D)provided 75.A)for B)to C)by D)through 76.A)before B)since C)when D)while 77.A)collected B)conducted C)discovered D)published 78.A)by B)of C)with D)in 79.A)amount B)average C)sum D)number 80.A)significant B)heavy C)common D)serious 81.A)For B)On C)But D)So 82.A)require B)inspire

C)engage D)command 83.A)include B)confine C)imply D)contain 84.A)enjoyable B)stimulating C)tedious D)stressful 85.A)who B)what C)which D)that 86.A)harshly B)reluctantly C)easily D)casually 87.A)ought to B)may C)used to D)need 88.A)Any B)One C)Other D)Another 89.A)Whatever B)Whichever C)Whenever D)Wherever 90.A)most B)worst C)least D)best Part V Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below: 1.名校校園正成為旅游新熱點

2.校園是否應對游客開放，人們看法不同 3.我認為?

Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?

答案

Part I Listening Comprehension(20 minutes)1.A 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.D 11.D 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.D Part II Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)21.D 22.D 23.A 24.B 25.C 26.A 27.C 28.B 29.A 30.D 31.D 32.B 33.C 34.B 35.C 36.D 37.B 38.C 39.B 40.D Part III Vocabulary(20 minutes)41.C 42.B 43.A 44.B 45.A 46.D 47.A 48.D 49.C 50.D 51.A 52.C 53.B 54.B 55.D 56.B 57.A 58.C 59.D 60.B 61.D 62.B 63.A 64.D 65.A 66.C 67.A 68.B 69.D 70.D Part IV Close(15 minutes)71.A 72.A 73.D 74.A 75.B 76.C 77.D 78.C 79.B 80.D 81.C 82.D 83.A 84.D 85.A 86.C 87.C 88.B 89.C 90.C Part V Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below: 1.名校校園正成為旅游新熱點

2.校園是否應對游客開放，人們看法不同 3.我認為?

Should the University Campus Be Open to tourism? Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attraction.It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China.In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions.On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university.On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon.In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing.The campus is mainly a place for

study.With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.聽力原文

1.W: Carol told us on the phone not to worry about her.Her left leg doesn’t hurt as much as it did yesterday.M: She’d better have it examined by a doctor anyway.And I will call her about it this evening.Q: What does the man think Carol should do? 2.M: There is a non-stop train for Washington and it leaves at 2:30.W: It’s faster than the 2 o’clock train.Besides, we can have something to eat before getting on the train.Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 3.M: Hi, Melissa, how’s your project going? Have you thought about going to graduate school? Perhaps you can get into Harvard.W: Everything is coming along really well.I have been thinking about graduate school.But I’ll talk to my tutor Dr.Garcia first and see what she thinks.Q: What do you learn about the woman from the conversation? 4.W: Did you attend Alice’s presentation last night? It was the first time for her to give a speech to a large audience.M: How she could be so calm in front of so many people is really beyond me!Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 5.W: You’ve been doing weather reports for neatly 30 years.Has the weather got any worse in all these years? M: Well, not necessarily worse.But we are seeing more swings.Q: What does the man say about the weather? 6.M: Excuse me, I am looking for the textbook by a Professor Jordon for the marketing course.W: I am afraid it’s out of stock.You’ll have to order it.And it will take the publisher 3 weeks to send it to us.Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place? 7.M: I am going to New York next week, but the hotel I booked is really expensive.W: Why book a hotel? My brother has 2 spare rooms in his apartment.Q: What does the woman mean? 8.W: In my opinion, watching the news on TV is a good way to learn English.What do you think? M: It would be better if you could check the same information in English newspapers afterwards.Q: What does the man say about learning English? 9.M: I hear a newly-invented drug can make people tell the truth and it may prove useful in questioning terrorists.Isn’t it incredible?

W: Simple solutions to complex problems rarely succeed.As far as I know, no such drugs are ever known to work.Q: What does the woman think of the new drug? 10.M: You know the electronics company is coming to our campus to recruit graduate students next week.W: Really? What day? I’d like to talk to them and hand in my resume.Q: What does the woman want to do? Passage one A new study reports the common drug aspirin greatly reduces life threatening problems after an operation to replace blocked blood vessels to the heart.More than 800,000 people around the world have this heart surgery each year.The doctors who carried out the study say giving aspirin to patients soon after the operation could save thousands of lives.People usually take aspirin to control pain and reduce high body temperature.Doctors also advise some people to take aspirin to help prevent heart attacks.About 10-15 percent of these heart operations end in death or damage to the heart or other organs.The new study shows that even a small amount of aspirin reduced such threats.The doctors said the chance of death for patients who took aspirin would fall by 67%.They claimed this was true if the aspirin was given within 48 hours of the operation.The doctors believe aspirin helps heart surgery patients because it can prevent blood from thickening and blood vessels from being blocked.However, the doctors warned that people who have stomach bleeding or other bad reactions from aspirin should not take it after heart surgery.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.What is the finding of the new study of aspirin? 12.In what way can aspirin help heart surgery patients according to the doctors? 13.What warning did the doctors give about the use of aspirin? Passage Two Were you the first or the last child in you family? Or were you a middle or an only child? Some people think it matters where you were born in you family.But there are different ideas about what birth order means.Some people say that oldest children are smart and strong-willed.They are very likely to be successful.The reason for this is simple.Parents have a lot of time for their first child;they give him or her a lot of attention.So this child is very likely to do well.An only child will succeed for the same reason.What happens to the other children in the family? Middle children don’t get so much attention, so they don’t feel that important.If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd.The youngest child, though, often gets special treatment.He or she is the baby.Often this child grows up to be funny and charming.Do you believe these ideas of birth order too? A recent study saw things quite differently.The study found that first children believed in family rules.They didn’t take many chances in their lives.They usually followed orders.Rules didn’t mean as much to later children in the family.They went out and followed their own ideas.They took chances and they often did better in life.Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.According to common belief, in what way are the first child and the only child alike? 15.What do people usually say about middle children? 16.What do we learn about later children in a family from a recent study of birth order? Passage Three When my interest shifted from space to the sea, I never expected it would cause such confusion among my friends, yet I can understand their feelings.As I have been writing and talking about space flight for the best part of 20 years, a sudden switch of interest to the depth of the sea doer seem peculiar.To explain, I’d like to share my reasons behind this unusual change of mind.The first excuse I give is an economic one.Underwater exploration is so much cheaper than space flight.The first round-trip ticket to the moon is going to cost at least 10 billion dollars if you include research and development.By the end of this century, the cost will be down to a few

million.On the other hand, the diving suit and a set of basic tools needed for skin-diving can be bought for 20 dollars.My second argument is more philosophical.The ocean, surprisingly enough, has many things in common with space.In their different ways, both sea and space are equally hostile.If we wish to survive in either for any length of time, we need to have mechanical aids.The diving suit helped the design of the space suit.The feelings and the emotions of a man beneath the sea will be much like those of a man beyond the atmosphere.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17.How did the speaker’s friends respond to his change of interest?

18.What is one of the reasons for the speaker to switch his interest to underwater exploration? 19.In what way does the speaker think diving is similar to space travel? 20.What is the speaker’s purpose in giving this talk? 2005年12月大學英語四級真題解析

PartⅠ Listening Comprehension

Section A

1.W: Carol told us on the phone not to worry about her.Her left leg doesn’t hurt as much as it did yesterday.M: She’d better have it examined by a doctor anyway.And I will call her about it this evening.Question: What does the man think Carol should do?

【預測】 觀察四個選項，從doctor, in bed, treatment等詞判斷話題和生病有關。

【解析】 答案為A)。細節(jié)題。女士說Her left leg doesn’t hurt as much as it did yesterday提出了話題，男士說She’d better have it examined by a doctor anyway明示了答案。

【注釋】 1）anyway：不管怎么說。2）hurt：（主動用法）痛。

2.M: There is a non-stop train for Washington and it leaves at 2:30.W: It is faster than the 2 o’clock train.Besides, we can have something to eat before getting on the train.Question: What do we learn from the conversation?

【預測】 觀察四個選項，主題顯然是和train有關。三個選項含有時間，聽時應注意和時間相關的信息。

【解析】 答案為C)。推理題。男士提出話題“兩點半有一列火車開”，女士說It is faster than the 2 o’clock train.Besides, we can have something to eat before getting on the train列舉了兩個正面理由1）更快；2）上車前有時間吃點東西。由此可推理出她愿意坐此列車。故選C)。

【注釋】 dinning car：餐車；non-stop：中間不停站的。

3.M: Hi, Melissa, how is your project going? Have you thought about going to graduate school? Perhaps you can get into Harvard.W: Everything is coming along really well.I have been thinking about graduate school.But I’ll have to talk to my tutor Doctor Garseer first and see what she thinks.Question: What do learn about the woman from the conversation?

【預測】 觀察四個選項，從university, project, graduate school等詞推測話題可能和學校有關。

【解析】 答案為D)。細節(jié)題。男士問句Have you thought about going to graduate school?提出了主題，女士答道But I’ll have to talk to my tutor Doctor Garseer first and see what she thinks，此細節(jié)與D)完全符合。D)中的consult sb即“咨詢某人”，等同于talk to sb。

【注釋】 1）Everything is coming along really well：一切進展順利。2）graduate school：研究生院。

4.W: Did you attend Alice’s presentation last night? It was the first time for her to give a speech to a large audience.M: How she could be so calm in front of so many people is really beyond me!

Question: What do we learn from the conversation?

【預測】 觀察四個選項，nervous, speech, training, presentation, Alice等詞提示此對話考對Alice所作的一個演講的評價。

【解析】 答案為A)。細節(jié)題。男士How she could be so calm in front of so many people is really beyond me!中的so calm和A)中的not nervous相符。所以選A)。

【注釋】 sth is beyond me：我無法明白某事。

5.W: You have been doing weather reports for nearly 30 years.Has the weather got any worse in all these years?

M: Well, not necessarily worse.But we are seeing more swings.Question: What does the man say about the weather?

【預測】 觀察四個選項，temperature, weather等詞提示了話題，而30years ago, the same as before提示了考點可能在于現(xiàn)在和以前天氣的對比。

【解析】 答案為C)。細節(jié)題。女士說Has the weather got any worse in all these years?提出了話題。男士答B(yǎng)ut we are seeing more swings（我們看到更多的驟變），此句的信息與C)(現(xiàn)在氣候極端更多)符合。

【注釋】 1）swing：搖擺，撥動，回旋，巨變。2）not necessarily：不一定。

6.M: Excuse me, I am looking for the textbook by Professor Jordon for the Marketing course.W: I am afraid it’s out of stock.You’ll have to order it.And it will take the publisher 3 weeks to send it to us.Question: Where did the conversation most probably take place?

【預測】 觀察四個選項，考地點。

【解析】 答案為B)。時間地點題。男士提出了主題I am looking for the textbook，女士說I am afraid it’s out of stock.（恐怕脫銷了）。顯然是在書店發(fā)生的對話。

【注釋】 1）marketing course：市場學課程。2)stock：庫存。3）publisher：出版商。

7.M: I am going to New York next week, but the hotel I booked is really expensive.W: Why book a hotel? My brother has 2 spare rooms in his apartment.Question: What does the woman mean? 預測】 觀察四個選項，從the man, her brother, stay, apartment, cheap hotel等詞提示對話和女士的兄弟幫男士找住處有關。

【解析】 答案為A)。細節(jié)題。女士說Why book a hotel? My brother has 2 spare rooms in his apartment明示了答案。

【注釋】 1）book a hotel：預定飯店。2）spare room：空余房間。

8.W: In my opinion, watching News on TV is a good way to learn English.What do you think?

M: It would be better if you could check the same information in English newspapers afterwards.Question: What did the man say about learning English?

【預測】 觀察四個選項，考的是reading和listening之間的關系。

【解析】 答案為C)。推理題。女士說看電視新聞學英語很好，男士答It would be better if you could check the same information in English newspapers afterwards（事后再看看報上相同的新聞就更好），所暗示的信息和C)(聽結(jié)合說更有效)一致。

【注釋】 afterwards：然后；combine A with B：把A和B結(jié)合起來。

9.M: I hear a newly-invented drug can make people tell the truth and it may prove useful in questioning terrorists.Isn’t it incredible?

W: Simple solutions to complex problems rarely succeed.As far as I know, no such drugs are ever known to work.Question: What does the woman think of the new drug?

【預測】 觀察四個選項，從solve complex problems, weapon against terrorists, detect liars來推測，考點的it可能是某種新發(fā)明的東西，例如儀器或設備等。

【解析】 答案為B)。細節(jié)題。男士說有一種新藥被發(fā)明了，可以讓人說真話，女士答道As far as I know, no such drugs are ever known to work，對男士所說的話持否定態(tài)度。所以選B)(它很可能證明無效)。

【注釋】 1)newly-invented：新發(fā)明的。2）question terrorists：審問恐怖分子。3）Simple solutions to complex problems rarely succeed：用簡單的方法來解決復雜的問題往往行不通。

10.M: You know the electronics company is coming to our campus to recruit graduate students next week.W: Really? What day? I’d like to talk to them and hand in my resume.Question: What does the woman want to do?

【預測】 觀察四個選項，company, recruit(招募)，part-time job, apply for job等詞提示話題和找工作有關。

【解析】 答案為D)。細節(jié)題。男士說有一家電子公司要到校園來招聘。女士立刻表示興趣說道I’d like to talk to them and hand in my resume，信息和D)符合。

【注釋】 1）recruit：招募。2）graduate students：研究生。

Section B

Passage 1

A new study reports the common drug aspirin greatly reduces life threatening problems after an operation to replace blocked blood vessels to the heart.More than 800,000 people around the world have this heart surgery each year.The doctors who carried out this study say giving aspirin to patients soon after the operation could save thousands of lives.People usually take aspirin to control pain and reduce high body temperature.Doctors also advise some people to take aspirin to help prevent heart attacks.About 10-15 percent of these heart operations end in death or damage to the heart or other organs.The new study shows that even a small amount of aspirin reduced such threats.The doctors said the chance of death for patients who took aspirin would fall by 67%.They claimed this was true if the aspirin was given within 48 hours of the operations.The doctors believe aspirin helps heart surgery patients because it can prevent blood from thickening and blood vessels from being blocked.However, the doctors warned that people who have stomach bleeding or other bad reactions from aspirin should not take it after heart surgery.【大意】本文介紹了一個新研究的結(jié)論：在一種心臟手術后立即服用阿司匹林可以大大的降低死亡率，因為此藥能阻止血液變得粘稠以及血管被堵塞。但是，也存在禁忌癥。

【解析】

11.What is the finding of the new study of aspirin?

答案為D）。細節(jié)題。出處A new study reports the common drug aspirin greatly reduces life

threatening problems after an operation to replace blocked blood vessels to the heart。

12.In what way can aspirin help heart surgery patients according to the doctors?

答案為A）。細節(jié)題。出處為doctors believe aspirin helps heart surgery patients because it can prevent blood from thickening and blood vessels from being blocked.。

13.What warning did the doctors give about the use of aspirin?

答案為A）。細節(jié)題。出處為However, the doctors warned that people who have stomach bleeding or other bad reactions from aspirin should not take it after heart surgery。

Passage 2

Were you the first or the last child in your family? Or were you a middle or an only child? Some people think it matters where you were born in your family.But there are different ideas about what birth order means.Some people say that oldest children are smart and strong-willed.They are very likely to be successful.The reason for this is simple: parents have a lot of time for their first child, they give him or her a lot of attention.So this child is very likely to do well.An only child will succeed for the same reason.What happens to the other children in the family? Middle children don’t get so much attention, so they don’t feel that important.If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd.The youngest child, though, often gets special treatment.He or she is the baby.Often this child grows up to be funny and charming.Do you believe this idea of birth order too? A recent study saw things quite differently.The study found that first children believed in family rules.They didn’t take many chances in their lives.They usually followed orders.Rules didn’t mean as much to later children in the family.They went out and followed their own ideas.They took chances and they often did better in life.【大意】 實驗表明，在家排行老幾會影響到人的性格。通常最大的和最小的孩子受到更多關注，中間的則容易被忽略。老大相信家庭的規(guī)則，不愿冒險，而這個規(guī)律在其他的孩子身上不通用。

【解析】

14.According to common belief, in what way are the first child and the only child alike?

答案為B)。細節(jié)題。出處為Some people say that oldest children are smart and strong-willed.They are very likely to be successful以及The youngest child, though, often gets special treatment.He or she is the baby.Often this child grows up to be funny and charming。

15.What do people usually say about middle children?

答案為C)。細節(jié)題。出處為Middle children don’t get so much attention, so they don’t feel that important.If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd。

16.What do we learn about later children in a family from a recent study of birth order?

答案為A)。細節(jié)題。出處為Rules didn’t mean as much to later children in the family.They went out and followed their own ideas.They took chances and they often did better in life。

Passage 3

When my interest shifted from space to the sea, I never expected it would cause such confusion among my friends, yet I can understand their feelings.As I have been writing and talking about space flight for the best part of 20 years, a sudden switch of interest to the depth of the sea does seem peculiar.To explain, I’d like to share my reasons behind this unusual change of mind.The first excuse I give is an economic one.Underwater exploration is so much cheaper than space flight.The first round-trip ticket to the moon is going to cost at least 10 billion dollars if you include research and development.By the end of this century, the cost will be down to a few million.On the other hand, the diving suit and a set of basic tools needed for skin-diving can be

bought for 20 dollars.My second argument is more philosophical.The ocean, surprisingly enough, has many things in common with space.In their different ways, both sea and space are equally hostile.If we wish to survive in either for any length of time, we need to have mechanical aids.The diving suit helped the design of the space suit.The feelings and the emotions of a man beneath the sea will be much like those of a man beyond the atmosphere.【大意】 本文介紹了“我”為什么從研究了20年的太空領域轉(zhuǎn)向了海洋探索，有兩方面的原因：一是經(jīng)濟原因—海洋探索比太空探索便宜的多；二是哲學原因—海洋和太空有太多的相似之處。

【解析】

17.How did the speaker’s friends respond to his change of interest?

答案為C)。細節(jié)題。出處When my interest shifted from space to the sea, I never expected it would cause such confusion among my friends。confusion一詞和C)中的puzzled對應。

18.What is one of the reasons for the speaker to switch his interest to underwater exploration?

答案為B)。細節(jié)題。出處為Underwater exploration is so much cheaper than space flight。

19.In what way does the speaker think diving is similar to space travel?

答案為B)。推測題。出處為The ocean, surprisingly enough, has many things in common with space.In their different ways, both sea and space are equally hostile.If we wish to survive in either for any length of time, we need to have mechanical aids.The diving suit helped the design of the space suit.The feelings and the emotions of a man beneath the sea will be much like those of a man beyond the atmosphere。大意為：海洋和太空有很多相同之處。它們都充滿著敵意：我們想要在里面生存，就需要機械協(xié)助，如航空服和潛水服。在海底時人的感覺和在太空很接近。所以可以看出兩者都充滿著挑戰(zhàn)。故選B)。

20.What is the speaker’s purpose in giving this talk?

答案為D)。主旨題。出處為：To explain, I’d like to share my reasons behind this unusual change of mind。全文從兩個角度來解釋了原因。

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Passage 1

【概要】

本文的主題是樂事薯片，文章開始講述了樂事薯片的現(xiàn)狀，之后通過現(xiàn)狀引發(fā)樂事薯片的未來發(fā)展方向，接著探討了其發(fā)展海外市場戰(zhàn)略的兩個理由，最后通過樂事公司高層管理人員之口闡明樂事薯片對當?shù)亟?jīng)濟的積極影響。

【解析】

21.事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關鍵詞Frito-Lay’s head of global marking，答案出處為第1段最后一句。該句表明世界人們無法抵抗樂事薯片的誘惑。答案為D)。

22.結(jié)論推斷題。題干已給出答案所在地，即第2段。該段第2句中的but暗示作者筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，重點落在了公司要發(fā)展必須拓展海外市場。答案為D)。

23.事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關鍵詞assumptions和development strategy，出處為第3段第2句。該句表明消費者對全球品牌尤為獨衷。答案為A)。

24.事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關鍵詞logo redesigned，答案出處為第4段第2句。該句表明重新設計品牌標志是為了更好地推行公司的全球化政策。答案為B)。

25.事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關鍵詞Frito-Lay's executives，答案出處為最后一段最后一句。該句表明公司的執(zhí)行主管們認為該公司只會促進當?shù)亟?jīng)濟的發(fā)展。答案為C)。

【難點】

1.saturate：使飽和, 浸透, 使充滿。

2.be drawn to：被吸引，熱衷于。

Passage 2

【概要】

本文介紹了美國丹佛北部某學校的財政危機問題，文章開始開門見山提出問題，接著從該地區(qū)的居民、社會和政府對該校財政的支持，結(jié)尾處又介紹了學生們對此事的關注。

【解析】

26.事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關鍵詞Vrain School District，答案出處為第1段地1句。該句表明該校出現(xiàn)了大筆預算短缺問題。答案為A)。

27.事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關鍵詞residents in the Vrain School District，答案出處為第1段引言部分。該引言說明當?shù)鼐用穸紭O力想幫助該校度過此次財政困難。答案為C)。

28.事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關鍵詞State Treasurer Mike Coffman，答案出處為第3段第2句。Coffman認為此事的發(fā)生令人難以想象。答案為B)。

29.事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關鍵詞request an investigation，答案出處為第5段第3句。該句表明Coffman想知道該地區(qū)的官員是否將該校的財政問題隱瞞至十一月大選之后才公諸于眾。答案為A)。

30.事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關鍵詞high school students和website，答案出處為最后一段最后一句。該句表明這些學生的目的就是要自己和所有其他人都知道真相。答案為D)。

【難點】

1.pitch in：努力投入。

2.ease one’s burden：減輕某人的負擔。

3.at one’s request：在某人的要求下，按某人的要求。

4.bond issue：債券發(fā)行。

5.raise funds：籌集資金。

Passage 3 【概要】

本文討論了壓力對人們的積極和消極影響作用。文章一開始指出盡管長時間的壓力的確有負面影響作用，但具有挑戰(zhàn)性的情形對身體也有益。之后，文章通過實例和研究結(jié)果證實了前面的觀點。最后，文章引用了兩位科學家的話來總結(jié)短時和長時壓力的影響。

【解析】

31.結(jié)論推斷題。本文另辟蹊徑，始終在論證可控制的壓力的好處。答案為A)。

32.詞義句義題。題干已給出答案所在地，即第1段第1行。該行中的any more than是并列比較結(jié)構(gòu)，所以avoid一詞與shun當為近義。答案為B)。

33.結(jié)論推斷題。確定題干關鍵詞study of the 158 nurses in 2001，答案出處為第2段。該段表明那些面臨壓力又能妥善應對的人往往更為健康。答案為C)。

34.事實細節(jié)題。題干已給出答案所在地，即第3段。該段第1句中已表明只有善于控制壓力才會受益。答案為B)。

35.事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關鍵詞Bruce McEwen，答案出處為第3段第2句和第3句。第2句表明短期內(nèi)壓力有助于記憶，然后在第3句中應用Bruce McEwen的話加以證明。答案為C)。

【難點】略。

Passage 4

【概要】

本文介紹了父母如何對子女道歉并教育他們?nèi)绾蜗騽e人道歉。文章一開頭指出道歉非易

事，然后指出了幾種道歉方式的缺點和問題，最后總結(jié)教育孩子在道歉時要注意道歉的復雜性。

【解析】

36.事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關鍵詞mother adds “but”，答案出處為第2段。該段表明在道歉時，如果后面加以轉(zhuǎn)折會讓孩子覺得有所虧欠。答案為D)。

37.結(jié)論推斷題。確定題干關鍵詞“I’m sorry you’re upset”，答案出處為第3段。該段表明如此道歉只是在暗示自己沒有錯。答案為B)。

38.結(jié)論推斷題。確定題干關鍵詞general, all-covering apology，答案出處為第4段。該段第2句表明如此道歉過于籠統(tǒng)，無法達成具體效果。答案為C)。

39.結(jié)論推斷題。題干已給出答案所在地，即最后一段。該段講到了對于不同年齡階段的小孩應教會他們根據(jù)不同對象和情形采取不同的道歉方法。答案為B)。

40.結(jié)論推斷題。本文從頭到尾都在討論各種無效的道歉形式，并提出了有效的道歉方法，由此可見道歉并非易事。答案為D)。

【難點】

1.tricky：狡猾的，機警的。

2.render：致使。

3.be at fault：范錯。

4.pseudo：假的，冒充的。

Part Ⅲ Vocabulary

41.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中oil is scarce和motor industry之間的關系，再結(jié)合四個選項，terminal表示“終點站，終端”；benefit表示“利益，好處”；fate表示“命運，運氣”；estimate表示“估計，估價，評估”。只有fate 符合題意，答案為C)。

42.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中speed up和post office，得知空格處應填入表示“送信”的詞。treatment表示“對待，處理，治療”；delivery表示“遞送，交付，分娩，交貨”；transmission表示“播送，發(fā)射，傳送，傳輸”；departure表示“出發(fā)，離開”。答案為B)。

43.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中show和for learning a new language，得知空格處應填入表示“熱情”的詞。enthusiasm表示“狂熱，積極性”；authority表示“權(quán)威，威信，權(quán)威人士”；convention表示“大會，協(xié)定，習俗，慣例”；faith表示“信任，信念，宗教信仰，忠實”。答案為A)。

44.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中questioning和murder，得知空格處應填入表示“證人”的詞。observer表示“觀測者，觀察員，遵守者”；witness表示“證人，目擊者”；audience表示“聽眾，觀眾”；viewer表示“電視觀眾，閱讀器”。答案為B)。

45.【解析】近義詞。根據(jù)題干中with very high birth rates but poor education and very low levels of literacy，空格處應填入表示“不穩(wěn)定的”的詞。unstable表示“不牢固的，不穩(wěn)定的”；reluctant表示“不顧的，勉強的”；rational表示“理性的，合理的”；unsteady表示“不穩(wěn)固的，平穩(wěn)的”。只有unstable可以修飾nation，答案為A)。

46.【解析】詞組搭配題。根據(jù)題干中was blamed for和too much work，得知空格處應填入表示“做”的詞。take to表示“喜歡，沉溺于”；take out表示“拿出，取出，去掉”；take away表示“取走”；take on表示“呈現(xiàn)，具有，擔任(工作)，承擔(責任)”。答案為D)。

47.【解析】詞組搭配題。根據(jù)題干中the patient's breakfast和the nurse，得知空格處應填入表示“負責”的詞。see to表示“負責，注意”；stick to表示“粘住”；get to表示“到達，接觸到，開始，對??有影響”；lead to表示“導致，通向”。答案為A)。

48.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中前后兩句話的邏輯關系，得知空格處填入的詞應該表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系。therefore表示“因此”；furthermore表示“此外，而且”；accordingly表示“因

此，從而”；nevertheless表示“然而，不過”。答案為D)。

49.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中so he had to postpone buying a house，得知空格處應填入表示“貸款”的詞。credit表示“相信，信任，把??歸給”；borrow表示“借入”；loan表示“貸款，借給”；lease表示“出租，租出”。答案為C)。

50.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干，再結(jié)合四個選項，lie表示“躺，平放”；spot表示“沾污，弄臟，偵察”；stand表示“站，持久，經(jīng)受”；locate表示“查找??的地點，使??坐落于，位于”。只有l(wèi)ocate 符合題意，答案為D)。

51.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干，再結(jié)合四個選項，excuse表示“借口”；intention表示“企圖”；option表示“選擇”；approval表示“同意”。只有excuse符合題意，答案為A)。

52.【解析】近義詞。根據(jù)題干中fire more than two hundred rockets and missiles和military，空格處應填入表示“目標”的詞。goal，aims和target都有“目標”的意思。但是，goal側(cè)重表示長遠的目標；aim側(cè)重表示短期的目標；target側(cè)重表示靶子。destination表示“目的地”。target最合適，答案為C)。

53.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中goat和milk，得知空格處應填入表示“來源”的詞。storage表示“存儲”；reserve表示“儲備(物)，儲藏量，預備隊”；resource表示“資源，財力”；source表示“來源”。答案為D)。54.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中bright bulb，得知空格處應填入表示“暗”的詞。mild表示“溫和的，溫柔的，輕微的，適度的”；dim表示“暗淡的，模糊的，無光澤的”；minute表示“微小的，詳細的”；slight表示“輕微的，微小的”。只有dim符合題意，答案為B)。

55.【解析】 語境題。根據(jù)題干中go another day，再結(jié)合四個選項，reliable表示“可靠的”；probable表示“很可能的”；feasible表示“可行的”；flexible表示“靈活的”。只有flexible符合題意，答案為D)。

56.【解析】 詞組搭配題。根據(jù)題干中present difficulties和finish the task according to schedule，得知空格處應填入表示“克服”的詞。get across表示“(使)越過，通過，被理解”；get over表示“爬過，克服，熬過”；get away表示“逃脫，離開，把??送走”；get off表示“下來，脫下，出發(fā)”。答案為B)。

57.【解析】 語境題。根據(jù)題干中we do not think your scheme is practical，得知空格處應填入表示“依據(jù)”的詞。in view of表示“考慮到，依據(jù)，由于”；in favor of表示“贊同，有利于”；in case of表示“假設，萬一”；in memory of表示“紀念，追念”。答案為A)。

58.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中from the warehouse to the accounting office和which was considered a promotion，得知空格處應填入表示“調(diào)任”的詞。deliver表示“遞送”；exchange表示“交換，交流”；transfer表示“遷移，傳遞，轉(zhuǎn)移，調(diào)任”；transform表示“轉(zhuǎn)換，改變，改造，使??變形”。答案為C)。

59.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中a new paragraph in the annual report she was typing，再結(jié)合四個選項，inject表示“注射”；install表示“安裝，安置”；invade表示“侵略，侵襲”；insert表示“插入，嵌入”。只有insert符合題意，答案為D)。

60.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中the living room和so that's my next project，再結(jié)合四個選項，abandon表示“放棄，遺棄”；decorate表示“裝飾”；dissolve表示“溶解”；assess表示“估定，評定”。只有decorated符合題意，答案為B)。

61.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中to make way for a new shopping centre，得知空格處應填入表示“廢棄”的詞。abandon表示“放棄，遺棄”；decorate表示“裝飾”；dissolve表示“溶解”；hold down表示“壓制，抑制”。答案為A)。

62.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中stop和go back to the difficult points in the lessons，再結(jié)合四個選項，at a distance表示“在遠處”；at intervals表示“不時”； at length表示“最

后, 詳細地”；沒有 at case這個詞組。只有at intervals符合題意，答案為B)。

63.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中hire a bicycle，可推斷空缺處應填入表“押金”的詞。deposit表示“押金，保證金”；deal表示“交易，待遇”； fare表示“費用，食物”；fond表示“喜愛的，寵愛的”。答案為A)。

64.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中interest和and I had an equal admiration for the stories of his time，再結(jié)合四個選項，splendid表示“壯麗的，輝煌的”；weighty表示“重的”； vague表示“含糊的，不清楚的”；keen表示“熱烈的，熱情的，鋒利的，敏銳的”。只有keen能修飾interest，符合題意，答案為D)。

65.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中water being used和with the rapid development of industry and agriculture，得知空格處應填入表示“大量”的詞。excessive表示“過多的，過分的”；extensive表示“廣大的，廣闊的，廣泛的”；extreme表示“極端的，極度的”；exclusive表示“排外的，獨占的，唯一的”。只有excessive符合題意，答案為A)。

66.【解析】詞組搭配題。根據(jù)題干中cannot afford to go to university和going abroad，得知空格處應填入表示“更不必提”的詞。nothing but表示“只”；anything but表示“決不”；not to speak of表示“(更)不用說, 當然”；nothing to speak of表示“沒有什么, 不值一提”。答案為C)。

67.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中taking a situational photograph at a given time and in a given place，再結(jié)合四個選項，involve表示“包括”；compose表示“組成，寫作”；enclose表示“放入封套，裝入”；attach表示“縛上，系上，貼上”。只有involve符合題意，答案為A)。

68.【解析】詞組搭配題。根據(jù)題干中as well stay at home，得知空格處填入的詞要和as well構(gòu)成詞組，表示“最好”的意思。只有may as well有這個意思，其它選項都不能和as well構(gòu)成詞組，所以答案為B)。

69.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中often providing them with free medical care，再結(jié)合四個選項，be reminded of表示“被提醒，使記起”；be absorbed in表示“全神貫注于，專心于”；be tended by表示“被照顧”；be concerned about表示“關心，掛念”。只有concerned about符合題意，答案為D)。

70.【解析】語境題。根據(jù)題干中July 4和American Independence，再結(jié)合歷史常識，得知空格處應填入表示“周年”的詞。ceremony表示“典禮，儀式”；occasion表示“場合”；occurrence表示“發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，事件”；anniversary表示“周年紀念”。答案為D)。

Part Ⅳ Cloze

71.上下文。根據(jù)空格前后，作者提到總會有人問“飛機上是否有醫(yī)生”。因為僅僅有個女人暈倒了，所以就叫了我。這里隱含了作者本人是醫(yī)生，所以叫醫(yī)生這個詞組中應使用call。答案為A)。

72.名詞辯義。accident：表示“意外事情，事故”；condition：“情況，條件”；incident：表示“事件，事變”；disaster：“災難”?？崭袂暗膖he指代前面提到的事情，這個事情是個意外。答案為A)。

73.詞語搭配。how soon：表示“多久”；how long：“多長”；how many：表示“多少”；how often問的是頻率。整個句子講述了作者對這種事情發(fā)生的頻率很好奇。答案為D)。

74.動詞辨析。confront與with搭配表示“面對，面臨”；treat與with搭配表示“處理，應付”；identify與with搭配表示“認同”；provide與with搭配表示“提供裝備”。句子表示“如果我在半空中遇到緊急的醫(yī)學事故，我會怎么辦”。答案為A）。

75.固定搭配。access后面跟介詞to，意為“有權(quán)使用，能夠得到”。答案為B)。

76.連詞?？崭袂昂蟊硎尽爱敗缎掠⒏裉m醫(yī)藥雜志》上星期發(fā)表了一篇關于飛行中的醫(yī)療緊急情況的報告時”，所以when是合適的選擇。p before表示“在?之前”；since表示“自?

以來”；while表示“在?期間”。答案為C)。

77.動詞辨析。collect意為“收集，聚集”；conduct表示“開展，引導”；discover表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺”；publish表示“發(fā)行，出版，發(fā)表”。根據(jù)原句，此處選擇與report搭配的動詞表示“發(fā)表報告”。答案為D)。

78.固定搭配。上下文表示“饒有興趣地讀報告”，with與名詞搭配可以表示方式。答案為C)。

79.詞語理解。an amount of表示“大量”，并且不能與具體數(shù)字搭配；an average of表示“平均是”；sum表示“數(shù)量”；a number of表示“一些”。根據(jù)文中，表示每個平均每天有30起飛行中的醫(yī)療緊急情況。答案B)。

80.詞語理解。significant表示“重要的，重大的”；heavy表示“重的，有分量的”；common表示“普遍的，常見的”；serious表示“嚴重的”。根據(jù)句意，這里說這些緊急情況其實并不嚴重，一般都是暈倒或者是頭暈。答案為D)。

81.上下文。前一句提到了并不嚴重的情況，但是空格后一句則是指嚴重情況，所以兩個句子之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關系。答案為C)。

82.動詞辨析。require意為“需要，要求”；inspire表示“激發(fā)，鼓舞”；engage意為“雇傭，忙碌，參加”；command意為“命令”。根據(jù)句意“這些情況嚴重到要飛行員改變航線的程度”。答案為A)。

83.動詞辨析。include表示“包括”；confine意為“限制，緊閉”；imply表示“暗示，意味”；contain意為“容納，包容”。根據(jù)上下文，句子意義為“常見的嚴重緊急情況包括心臟疾病，中風和呼吸困難”。答案為A)。

84.上下文。enjoyable表示“令人愉快的，享受的”；stimulating意為“刺激的”；tedious意為“沉悶的，單調(diào)的”；stressful表示“有壓力的”。根據(jù)句意，作者要我們面對一個事實，那就是飛行的性質(zhì)，作者在上下文中都提到了，即飛行并不都是一帆風順，令人舒暢的，并且在下文提pressure表示“壓力”，所以這里的選詞應與此呼應。答案為D)。

85.語法。此處需要填寫一個賓語，選項中只有what可以有此用法。答案為B)。

86.詞語理解。harshly表示“嚴厲地，苛刻地”；reluctantly意為“勉強地，不愿意地”；easily表示“容易地，輕易地”；casually表示“偶然地”。根據(jù)句意“大部分人能夠輕易地忍受這些壓力，但是?”。答案為C)。

87.上下文。根據(jù)句意“大部分人能夠輕易地忍受這些壓力，但是心臟病人會怎么樣？”心臟病人有可能會感到胸部疼痛，是一種可能性，所以用may。答案為B)。

88.上下文。前文提到了飛行過程中一個常見情況是心臟病人的胸部疼痛，這里提到了除此之外的另一個常見情況，表示“一個，另一個”用one, another。答案為D)。

89.語法。Whatever表示“無論什么”；Whichever意為“無論哪一個”；Whenever表示“無論何時”；Wherever表示“無論哪里”?？崭袂昂蟊硎尽盁o論發(fā)生什么情況都不要慌張”。答案為A)。

90.固定搭配。At most表示“最多”；at worst意為“最糟”；at least表示“最少”；at best表示“最多”?？崭袂昂蟊硎尽坝捎谧钚碌牧⒎?，90個乘客以上的航班開始配置緊急醫(yī)療成套設備”。為C)。

Part Ⅴ Writing

【審題】閱讀題目要求，考生應當把握下述幾點：

本文的體裁（典型的議論文）?

本文的主旨（whether well-noted campus should be opened to tourists探討名校校園可否作為旅游景點開放）?

【綱要】按照題目提供的大綱，本文可相應寫為三部分：

開門見山，陳述主題現(xiàn)象?

Introduce the topic

（如：在諸多旅行社的宣傳單頁上可見某些大學校園。From many a pamphlet of travel agencies, campus of famous universities has been listed among tourist attraction.）

從正反兩方面分別探討該議題?

Discuss the topic from two aspects, including approval and opposition

（如：名校校園具有濃郁的人文氣息和較高的可觀賞價值，應當對游客開放；但這種做法可能會對正常的校園秩序帶來不利。With accumulated cultural atmosphere & high value of tourism, campus ought to be opened to travelers, which may brings negative impacts to the serene academic order of students.）

提出個人建議，折中上述兩種對立觀點?

Put forward personal suggestions, reconciling both opinions

（可在寒暑假期對游客開放名校校園，一舉兩得。Well-known campus can be opened during summer & winter vacations, which caters to both sides.）

【范文】

Nowadays a large number of campuses of well-known universities have been listed as tourist spots by many a travel agency, which attracts travelers home and abroad.However, there is no consensus among most people.Some hold the idea that time-honored universities with great prestige have definitely accumulated incredible culture and knowledge deposit and they can offer tourists an impressive experience or even help to realize people’s dreams to be enrolled into them.Whereas, others voice divergent opinion that well-noted colleges can not be opened to tourists, who will inevitably disturb the serene atmosphere for students more or less.As far as I am concerned, those opinions are actually reconcilable.As travelers want to pay a visit to certain institutions, we can schedule the tours during the interval of winter and summer vacations, which can both cater to travelers’ interest and maintain the academic tranquility for underclassmen.