第一篇：中國散文翻譯的新收獲——喜讀張培基教授《英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選》

論文關(guān)鍵詞:潛層語義 表層語義 增益 刪略

論文摘要:《英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選》是一本不是教材的好教材,它為中 國學(xué) 者深入研究 翻譯 理論與技巧提供了豐富多彩的典型實(shí)例;張培基教授半個世紀(jì)譯苑耕耘的經(jīng)驗(yàn)及其科學(xué)的一絲不茍的譯風(fēng)不可多得;同時(shí)該書也為外國人研究1919年“五四”運(yùn)動以來中國人鮮活的思想鋪了一條近路。編輯。

近百年來把西方一些知識分子的思想或理論譯介給國人者不乏其人,中國人中自己主動把一九一九年“五四“運(yùn)動以來存在于散文中那些鮮活的思想譯介給外國人的學(xué)者卻并不多見。張培基教授《英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選》彌補(bǔ)了這個缺憾。二十世紀(jì)末能在炒得沸沸揚(yáng)揚(yáng)的書市上偶拾到這樣一本選材精當(dāng)、譯功踏實(shí)的新書《英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選》,幸甚!《英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選》的譯者很看重所選散文中的“真情”——那種迫于必要而非出于志愿的應(yīng)景文章一概不譯;譯者對曾有過爭議的名人作品也不看其名氣大小,而著眼于其散文是否仍有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義;如果能給后人留下一點(diǎn)值得思考的東西,那么就將其譯出。例如所譯胡適的《差不多先生傳》在揭示我們 民族 劣根性方面很有特色,至今讀來尤有極深刻的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義?！队⒆g中國現(xiàn)代散文選》篇幅有限,但它幾乎囊括了1919年“五四”運(yùn)動以來中國一大批杰出作家寓意深邃的有一定代表性的散文作品。這些作家或名人包括李大釗、方志敏、魯迅、郭沫若、胡適、葉圣陶、朱自清、郁達(dá)夫、柔石、蕭紅、老舍、鄭振鐸、蕭乾、冰心等等;也有至今仍在筆耕的 文學(xué) 巨匠如巴金、季羨林等等?！队⒆g中國現(xiàn)代散文選》可成為讓當(dāng)代的西方人了解中國,了解中國人的思想脈搏的一面三棱鏡或一本好教材。目前西方一些國家首腦人物都很重視其“智囊團(tuán)”對 孔子、老子、孫子等我國古代思想家或軍事家的研究,這方面的譯作也較多,但對上述我國知識層面的代表人物知之甚少。因此,《英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選》的推出對國人的翻譯 指導(dǎo) 思想或翻譯觀念的更新也會起到先導(dǎo)作用。讓世人了解中國,了解中國人民真實(shí)的思想感情,有條件的有識之士應(yīng)多做些這方面的譯介工作。張培基教授《英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選》問世的意義不可低估。

如果只讀《英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選》(漢英對照)中的英文,你不會覺得這是譯文,不會覺得其英文是出自一位中國人的手。譯者不僅在句子層面上力求做到 語言 自然流暢、準(zhǔn)確細(xì)致、雅俗得當(dāng)而且又特別著意語篇神韻的再創(chuàng)造,力求既完美地保持原文的信息、原文的功能又譯出原文的風(fēng)格或味道來。

這里不妨先看一看收在《英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選》中郭沫若五篇散文譯文,即《路畔的薔薇》《夕暮》《白發(fā)》《水墨畫》《墓》。拜讀之后筆者覺得張先生在處理“增益”與“刪略”關(guān)系、“表層語義”與“潛層語義”關(guān)系、以及聲色詞語對應(yīng)與非對應(yīng)性關(guān)系等諸多方面出手不凡,均有獨(dú)到之處。

“許久儲蓄在心里的詩料,今晨在理發(fā)店里又浮上了心來了?！边@是郭沫若《白發(fā)》一文的首句,開門見山地點(diǎn)出了作者 寫作 動機(jī),其中關(guān)鍵詞為“詩料”。因?yàn)橥ㄆv的是作者對一位“年青的,年青的遠(yuǎn)隔河山的姑娘”為其理發(fā)時(shí)“拔去了一根白發(fā)”后的感情經(jīng)歷,為此將其譯為poetic emotion顯得很得體,如譯成“poetic material”便有傷大雅;全句的譯文my long pent_up poetic emotion emerged again this morning at a hairdresser’s也很簡練,把“儲蓄在心里的”較長的定語濃淡縮成意為“心扉封閉”或“被壓抑”的pent_up也很 經(jīng)濟(jì) 實(shí)惠又形象逼真。把“遠(yuǎn)隔河山的”有意淡化為of the distant land也很不俗,不然“mountains”“rivers”通通直譯出來必然使句子變得很臃腫,甚至言不及義?！澳愕幕坌奶嫖野亚啻毫糇×恕本渲械摹盎坌摹鳖H不好譯。中國人常有“慧眼”“慧心”之說,“慧心”原是佛教用語,指能領(lǐng)悟真理之心,英文中沒有十分貼切的對應(yīng)詞,譯者將其“模糊”處理譯為feeling heart,頗有見地。

小處見大,翻譯的真功夫往往在一些小地方流露出來。收在《英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選》中夏尊一篇散文標(biāo)題是《我之于書》,一般譯者多半會譯為i and books。但booksand i的譯法卻符合英文習(xí)慣,而且讀起來也上口。該文中“我的房子里比較貴重的東西就是書?！币痪涞淖g法也很有特色——用“under my roof”來譯“我的房子里”而不用“inmy house”這不能不說是對原文的再創(chuàng)造,恰到好處。

第二篇：2016翻譯碩士復(fù)習(xí)資料：英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選

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2016翻譯碩士復(fù)習(xí)資料：英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選（3）

差不多先生傳

胡適

你知道中國最有名的人是誰?

提起此人，人人皆曉，處處聞名。他姓差，名不多(1)，是各省各縣各村人氏。你一定見過他，一定聽說過別人談起他。差不多先生的名字天天掛在大家的口頭，因?yàn)樗侵袊珖说拇怼?/p>

差不多先生的相貌和你和我都差不多。他有一雙眼睛，但看的不很清楚;他有兩只耳朵，但聽的不很分明;有鼻子和嘴，但他對于氣味和口味都不很講究。他的腦子也不小，但他的記性卻不很精明，他的思想也不很細(xì)密(2)。

他常常說：“凡事只要差不多，就好了。何必太精明呢?”

他小的時(shí)候，他媽叫他去買紅糖，他買了白糖回來。他媽罵他，他搖搖頭說：“紅糖白糖不是差不多嗎?”

他在學(xué)堂的時(shí)候，先生問他：“直隸省(3)的西邊是哪一省?”他說是陜西。先生說：“錯了。是山西，不是陜西?！彼f：“陜西同山西，不是差不多嗎?”

后來他在一個錢鋪(4)里做伙計(jì)，他也會寫，也會算，只是總不會精細(xì)。十字常常寫成千字，千字常常寫成十字。掌柜的生氣了，常常罵他。他只是笑嘻嘻地賠小心道：“千字比十字只多一小撇，不是差不多嗎?”

有一天他為了一件要緊的事，要搭火車到上海去。他從從容容地走到火車站，遲了兩分鐘，火車已經(jīng)開走了。他白瞪著眼，望著遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的火車上煤煙，搖搖頭道：“只好明天再走了，今天走同明天走，也差不多?？墒腔疖嚬疚疵馓J(rèn)真了。8點(diǎn)30分開，同8點(diǎn)32分開，不是差不多嗎?“他一面說，一面慢慢地走回家，心里總不

明白為什么火車不肯等他兩分鐘。

有一天，他忽然得了急病，趕快叫家人去請東街的汪醫(yī)生。那家人急急忙忙地跑去，一時(shí)尋不著東街的汪大夫，卻把西街牛醫(yī)王大夫請來了。差不多先生病在床上，知道尋錯了人;但病急了，身上痛苦，心里焦急，等不得了，心里想道：“好在王大夫同汪大夫也差不多，讓他試試看罷?！庇谑沁@位牛醫(yī)王大夫走近床前，用醫(yī)牛的法子給差不多先生治病。不上一點(diǎn)鐘，差不多先生就一命嗚呼了。

差不多先生差不多要死的時(shí)候，一口氣斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地說道：“活人同死人也??差??差不多，??凡事只要??差??差??不多??就??好了，??何??何??必??太??太認(rèn)真呢?”他說完了這句格言(5)，方才絕氣了。

他死后，大家都很稱贊差不多先生樣樣事情看得破，想得通(6);大家都說他一生不肯認(rèn)真，不肯算賬，不肯計(jì)較，真是一位有德行的人。于是大家給他取個死后的法號，叫他做圓通大師。

他的名譽(yù)越傳越遠(yuǎn)，越久越大。無數(shù)無數(shù)的人都學(xué)他的榜樣。于是人人都成了一個差不多先生?！欢袊鴱拇司统蔀橐粋€懶人國了。

Mr.About-the Same

Do you know who is the most well-known person in China?

The name of this person is a household word all over the country.His name is Cha and his given name, Buduo, which altogether mean “About the

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Same”.He is a native of every province, every country and every village in this country.You must have seen or heard about this person.His name is always on the lips of everybody because he is representative of the whole Chinese nation.Mr.Cha Buduo has the same physiognomy as you and I.He has a pair of eyes, but doesn’t see clearly.He has a pair of ears, but doesn’t hear well.He has a nose and a mouth, but lacks a keen sense of smell and taste.His brain is none too small, but he is weak in memory and sloppy in thinking.He often says: “whatever we do, it’s OK to be just about right.What’s the use of being precise and accurate:”

One day, when he was a child, his mother sent him out to buy her some brown sugar, but he returned with some white sugar instead.As his mother scolded him about it, he shook his head and said, “Brown sugar or white sugar, aren’t they about the same?”

One day in school, the teacher asked him, “Which province borders Hebei on the west?” He answered, “Shaanxi,” The teacher corrected him, “You are wrong.It’s Shanxi, Not Shaanxi.” He retorted, “Shaanxi or Shanxi, aren’t they about the same?”

Later Mr.Cha Buduo served as an assistant at a money shop.He could write and calculate all right, but his mathematics were/was often faulty.He would mistake the Chinese character十(meaning 10)for 千(meaning 1000)or vice versa.The shop owner was infuriated and often took him to task.But he would only explain apologetically with a grin, “The character千differs from 十in merely having one additional short stroke.Aren’t they about the same?”

One day, he wanted to go to Shanghai by train on urgent business.But he arrived at the railway station unhurriedly only to find the train already gone, because he was two minutes late.He stood staring helplessly at the smoke belching from the diminishing train, and shook his head, “Well, all I can do is leave tomorrow.After all, today and tomorrow are about the same.But isn’t the railway taking it too seriously? What’s the difference between departing at 8:30 and 8:32?” He walked home slowly while talking to himself and kept puzzling over why the train hadn’t waited for him for two minutes more.One day he suddenly fell ill and immediately told one of his family to fetch Dr.Wang of East Street.The latter went in hurry, but couldn’t find the physician on East Street.So he fetched instead Veterinarian Wang of West Street.Mr.Cha Buduo, lying on his sickbed, knew that a wrong person had been brought home.But, what with pain and worry, he could ill afford to wait any longer.So he said to himself, “Luckily, Vet Wang is about the same as Dr.Wang.Why not let Vet Wang have a try?” there-upon, the veterinarian walked up to his bed to work on him as if he were a cow.

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Consequently, Mr.Cha Buduo kicked the bucket before an hour was out.When Mr.Cha Buduo was about to breathe his last, he uttered intermittently in one breath, “Live or die, it’s about?about?the same?Whatever we do?it’s OK?to be ?just?just about right...Why?why?take it?so seriously?” as soon as he finished this pet phrase of his, he stopped breathing.After Mr.Cha Buduo death, people all praised him for his way of seeing things and his philosophical approach to life.They say that he refused to take things seriously all his life and that he was never calculating or particular about personal gains or losses.So they called him a virtuous man and honored him with the posthumous reverent title Master of Easy-Going.His name has spread far and wide and become more and more celebrated with the passing of time.Innumerable people have come to follow his example, so that everybody has become a Mr.Cha Buduo.But lo, China will hence be a nation of lazybones!

注釋：

胡適(1891-1962)的《差不多先生傳》是一篇針砭社會陋習(xí)的諷刺小品，1924年6月28日發(fā)表在《申報(bào)·平民周刊》的創(chuàng)刊號上，曾不脛而走，傳誦一時(shí)。此文至今讀來，猶感有極深刻的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。

(1)“他姓差，名不多”如僅僅譯為His name is Cha and his given name, Buduo，外國讀者只知其音，不知其意，故在后面加補(bǔ)充說明which altogether mean “About the Same”。

(2)“他的思想也不很細(xì)密”譯為He is?sloppy in thinking, 其中sloppy作“無條理”、“凌亂”解。

(3)“直隸”為舊省名，即今之“河北”，故譯為Hebei。

(4)“錢鋪”又稱“錢莊”，大多僅從事兌換業(yè)務(wù)，后為銀行所代替?！板X鋪”可譯為private bank或banking house，但均不如money(exchange)shop確切。

(5)“格言”在這里意同“口頭語”，現(xiàn)參照上下文譯為pet phrase。

(6)“想得通”意即“達(dá)觀”或“隨遇而安”，故譯為philosophical approach to life。

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第三篇：2016翻譯碩士復(fù)習(xí)資料：英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選(31)

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2016翻譯碩士復(fù)習(xí)資料：英譯中國現(xiàn)代散文選（31）

棗 核

蕭乾

動身訪美之前，一位舊時(shí)同窗寫來航空信，再三托付我為他帶幾棵生棗核(1)。東西倒不占分量，可是用途卻很蹊蹺。

從費(fèi)城出發(fā)前，我們就通了電話。一下車，他已經(jīng)在站上等了。掐指一算，分手快半個世紀(jì)了，現(xiàn)在都已是風(fēng)燭殘年。

擁抱之后，他就殷切地問我：“帶來了嗎?”我趕快從手提包里掏出那幾棵棗核(2)。他托在掌心(3)，像比珍珠瑪瑙還貴重。

他當(dāng)年那股調(diào)皮勁顯然還沒改。我問起棗核的用途，他一面往衣兜里揣，一面故弄玄虛地說(4)：“等會兒你就明白了?！?/p>

那真是座美麗的山城，汽車開去，一路坡上坡下滿是一片嫣紅。倘若在中國，這里一定會有楓城之稱。過了幾個山坳，他朝楓樹叢中一座三層小樓指了指說：“喏，到了。”汽車拐進(jìn)草坪，離車庫還有三四米，車庫就像認(rèn)識主人似的自動掀起。

朋友有點(diǎn)不好意思地解釋說，買這座大房子時(shí)，孩子們還上著學(xué)，如今都成家立業(yè)了。學(xué)生生物生物化學(xué)的老伴兒在一家研究所里做營養(yǎng)試驗(yàn)。

他把我安頓在二樓臨湖的一個房間后，就領(lǐng)我去踏訪他的后花園(5)。地方不大，布置得卻精致勻稱(6)。我們在靠籬笆的一張白色長凳上坐下，他劈頭就問我：“覺不覺得這花園有點(diǎn)家鄉(xiāng)味道?”經(jīng)他指點(diǎn)，我留意到臺階兩旁是他手栽的兩株垂楊柳，草坪中央有個睡蓮池。他感慨良深地對我說：“栽垂柳的時(shí)候，我那個小子才五歲，如今在一條核潛艇上當(dāng)總機(jī)械長了。姑娘在哈佛教書。家庭和事業(yè)都如意，各種新式設(shè)備也都有了?？墒俏倚纳峡傁袷侨秉c(diǎn)什么。也許是沒出息(7)，怎么年紀(jì)越大，思鄉(xiāng)越切。我現(xiàn)在可充分體會出游子的心境了。我想廠甸，想隆福寺。這里一過圣誕，我就想舊歷年。近來，我老是想總布胡同院里那棵棗樹。所以才托你帶幾棵種籽，試種一下?！?/p>

接著，他又指著花園一角堆起的一座假山假山石說(8)：“你相信嗎(9)?那是我開車到幾十里以外，一塊塊親手挑選，論公斤買下(10)，然后用汽車?yán)貋淼?。那是我們家的‘北?！?。?/p>

說到這里，我們兩人都不約而同地站了起來。沿著草坪旁用卵石鋪成的小徑，走到“北海”跟前(11)。真是個細(xì)心人呢，他在上面還嵌了一所泥制的小涼亭，一座紅廟，頂上還有尊白塔。朋友解釋說，都從舊金山唐人街買來的。

他告訴我，時(shí)常在月夜，他同老伴兒并肩坐在這長凳上，追憶起當(dāng)年在北海泛舟的日子。睡蓮的清香迎風(fēng)撲來，眼前仿佛就閃出一片荷塘佳色。

改了國籍，不等于就改了民族感情，而且沒有一個民族像我們這么依戀故土的。

Date Stones

Xiao Qian

Before I set out for the US, a former schoolmate of mine wrote me by airmail, asking me in all earnest to bring him some raw date stones.They

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were not heavy in weight, yet I was curious about their use.At Philadelphia, shortly before staring out for my friend’s place, I called him up.So when I got off the train at the destination, I found him already waiting for me at the station.It was about half a century since we last met, and we were now both in our declining years.After hugging each other, he asked me eagerly, “have you brought them with you?” I immediately fished out the date stones from my handbag.He fondled them in his palm as if they were something more valuable than pearls or agates.Obviously he was just as childlike as before, when I asked about the use of the date stones, he put them into his pocket and replied by way of fooling me deliberately, “You’ll understand soon.”

It was really a beautiful mountain city.As we drove on, an expanse of rich crimson up and down the slope came into sight.In China a place like this would have been described as a maple city.After passing through several cols, my friend said pointing to a three-storied house amidst the maple trees, “here we are.” The car turned into a lawn and when it was three or four meters away form the garage, its door automatically opened as if it recognized its own master.My friend looked somewhat ill at ease when he told me this: At the time he bought this big house, his children had all been at school.Now they had their own homes and jobs.His wife, a biochemist, was a dietician at a research institute.After assigning me a room on the second floor facing a lake, he showed me around his back garden, which, though not too big, was exquisite and nicely arranged.The moment we sat down on a white bench close to a hedge, he asked me, “Don’t you find something here smacking of our native place in China?” at this, I noticed a weeping willow, planted by himself, on either side of a flight of steps as well as a water-lily pond in the middle of the garden.He said with deep feeling, “When I planted the willows, my son was only five.Now he serves as head of chief mechanics in a nuclear submarine.My daughter teaches at Harvard University.I’m happy with my family and my career.I own all modern household facilities I need.But I still feel something lacking.Maybe I’m a bit too foolish.How come the older I become, the more I think of my homeland.Now I fully understand the frame of mind of one residing in a place far away from home.I always think of Changdian and Longfusi.Every time Christmas is celebrated here in America, I think of lunar New year back in China.I can never forget the date tree in the courtyard of the house on Zongbu Hutong.That’s why I’ve asked you to bring me some date stones.I’ll try to plant them here.Then he said pointing to a jumble of rockery standing in a corner of the garden, “Believe it or not, the rocks, hand-picked by me, were bought by the kilogram.I drove dozens of kilometers away to haul them back in

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考研集訓(xùn)營,為考生服務(wù)，為學(xué)員引路！

my car.Look, that’s Beihai in our home.”

Thereupon, we rose to our feet simultaneously and walked along a cobbled footpath beside the lawn towards the miniature Beihai.What a careful man my friend was!He had had the artificial hill inlaid with a clay pavilion and a red temple, with a white pagoda on top.He said he had bought the decorative objects from China Town in San Francisco.He also told me that on a moonlit night he and his wife would sit side by side on the bench recalling how they had used to go boating on the Beihai Lake.Meanwhile, as I smelled the faint scent of the water-lilies carried to us by the breeze, I felt as if the beautiful scene of a Chinese lotus pond were flashing past my eyes.The change of nationality doesn’t mean the change of national feeling.No other nation has such a strong attachment for the native land as we Chinese.注釋

蕭乾(1910-1999)，作家，文學(xué)翻譯家，曾任《大公報(bào)》記者，以散文、特寫著稱。

(1)“再三托付我為他帶幾棵生棗核”中的“再三”作“懇切”解，不能按字面理解為“一次又一次”或“重復(fù)”。因此全句譯為asking me in all earnest to bring him some raw date stones，其中in all earnest是成語，作“認(rèn)真地”或“懇切地”解。

(2)“我趕快從手提包里掏出那幾棵棗核”中的“掏出”譯為fished out比took out 貼切，因前者有“搜尋”的含義。

(3)“他托在掌心”譯為He fondled them in his palm，比He held them in his palm貼切，因to fondle表達(dá)了原文的內(nèi)涵“愛撫”。

(4)“故弄玄虛地說”中的“故弄玄虛”作“故意把??搞得神秘化”解，通?？勺g為deliberatedly to make a mystery of???，F(xiàn)全句按“故意開玩笑地說”的意思譯為replied by way of fooling me deliberately，其中by way of 是成語，其意思是“為了”或“意在”(with the intention of)。

(5)“領(lǐng)我去踏訪他的后花園”譯為he showed me around his back garden，其中to show around是短語動詞，作“帶領(lǐng)某人參觀某地”解。

(6)“布置得卻精致勻稱”譯為was exquisite and nicely arranged，其中nicely的意思是“恰當(dāng)好處”或“恰恰合適”。

(7)“也許是沒出息”不宜按字面直譯，現(xiàn)按“也許是自己有些傻”譯為Maybe I’m a bit too foolish。

(8)“堆起的一座假山石”譯為a jumble of rockery，其中jumble的意思是“雜亂的一堆”。

(9)“你相信嗎?”本可譯為Don’t you believe it?現(xiàn)譯為Believe it or not，為具有同樣意思的常用口頭語。

(10)“論公斤買下”即“按公斤計(jì)算買下”，譯為bought by the kilogram。注意這里介詞by和后面的定冠詞the屬習(xí)慣搭配。

(11)“走到‘北?！啊弊g為Walked??towards the miniature Beihai，其中miniature(微型的)是譯者添加的成分，用以表達(dá)原文中加引號的北海。

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考研集訓(xùn)營,為考生服務(wù)，為學(xué)員引路！

黎明前的北京(1)

季羨林

前后加起來，我在北京已經(jīng)住了四十多年，算是一個老北京了(2)。北京的名勝古跡，北京的妙處(3)，我應(yīng)該說是了解的;其他老北京當(dāng)然也了解。但是有一點(diǎn)，我相信絕大多數(shù)老北京并不了解(4)，這就是黎明時(shí)分以前的北京。

多少年來，我養(yǎng)成了一個習(xí)慣：每天早晨四點(diǎn)在黎明以前起床工作。我不出去跑步或散步，而是一下床就干活兒。因此我對黎明前的北京的了解是在屋子里感覺到的。我從前在什么報(bào)上讀過一篇文章(5)，講黎明時(shí)分天安門廣場上的清潔工人。那情景必然是非常動人的，可惜我從未能見到，只是心向往之而已。

四十年前，我住在城里在明朝曾經(jīng)是特務(wù)機(jī)關(guān)的東廠里面。幾座深深的大院子，在最里面三個院子里只住著人一個人。朋友們都說這地方陰森可怕，晚上很少有人敢來找我，我則怡然自得(6)。每當(dāng)夏夜，我起床以后，立刻就聞到院子里那些高大的馬纓花樹散發(fā)出來的陣陣幽香，這些香氣破窗而入，我于此時(shí)神清氣爽，樂不可支，連手中那一枝笨拙的筆也仿佛生了花。

幾年以后，我搬到西郊來住，照例四點(diǎn)起床，坐在窗前工作。白天透過窗子能夠看到北京展覽館那金光閃閃的高塔的尖頂，此時(shí)當(dāng)然看不到了(7)。但是，我知道，即使我看不見它，它仍然在那里挺然聳入天空，仿佛想帶給人以希望，以上進(jìn)的勁頭。我仍然是樂不可支，心也仿佛飛上了高空。

過了十年，我又搬了家。這新居既沒有馬纓花，也看不到金色的塔頂。但是門前卻有一片清碧的荷塘。剛搬來的幾年，池塘里還有荷花。夏天早晨四點(diǎn)已經(jīng)算是黎明時(shí)分。在薄暗中透過窗子可以看到接天蓮葉，而荷花的香氣也幽然襲來(8)，我顧而樂之，大有超出馬纓花和金色塔頂之上的意味了。

難道我欣賞黎明前的北京僅僅由于上述的原因嗎?不是的。三十幾年以來，我成了一個“開會迷”(9)。說老實(shí)話，積三十年之經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我真有點(diǎn)怕開會了。在白天，一整天說不定什么時(shí)候就會接到開會的通知。說一句過火的話，我簡直是提心吊膽，心里不得安寧。即使不開會，這種惴惴不安的心情總擺脫不掉。只有在黎明以前，根據(jù)我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，沒有哪里會來找你開會的(10)。因此，我起床往桌子旁邊一坐，仿佛有什么近似條件反射的東西立刻就起了作用，我心里安安靜靜，一下子進(jìn)入角色，拿起筆來，“文思”(11)(如果也算是文思的話)如泉水噴涌，記憶力也像剛磨過的刀子，銳不可當(dāng)。當(dāng)時(shí)，我真樂不可支，如果給我機(jī)會的話，我簡直想手舞足蹈了。

因此，我愛北京，特別愛黎明前的北京。

Predawn Beijing

Ji Xianlin

I’ve been in Beijing altogether for over 40 years.So I can well call myself a long-timer of Beijing.Like all other long-timers of the city, I’m supposed to be very familiar with its scenic spots and historical sites, nay, its superb attractions.But I believe there is one thing lying unknown to most of the long-time residents –the predawn hours of Beijing.For many years, I have been in the habit of getting up before daybreak to start work at four.Instead of going out for a jog or walk, I’ll set about my work as soon as I’m out of bed.As a result, it is from inside my study that I’ve got the feel of predawn Beijing.Years ago, I hit upon

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考研集訓(xùn)營,為考生服務(wù)，為學(xué)員引路！

a newspaper article about street cleaner in Tian’anmen Square at daybreak.It must have been a very moving scene, but what a pity I haven’t seen it with my own eyes.I can only picture it in my mind longingly.Forty years ago, I lived downtown in Dongchang, a compound which had housed the secret service of the Ming dynasty.There were inside it several deep spacious courtyard one leading into another.I was the sole dweller of the three innermost courtyards.My friends, calling this place too ghastly, seldom dared to come to see me in the evening whereas I myself found it quite agreeable.In summer, the moment I got out of bed before daybreak, I would smell the delicate fragrance of the giant silk trees coming from outside my window.Thereupon, I would feel refreshed and joyful, and the clumsy pen in my hand would seem to have become as agile as it could.Several years later when I moved to the western suburbs, I kept my habit of rising at four to begin work at the window.The glittering spire atop the tower of the daytime through my window, would no longer be visible now in the early morning haze.Nevertheless I knew that, tough invisible, it remained there intact, towering to the skies to inspire people with hope and the urge for moving ahead.At this, I would be beside myself with joy and feel as if my heart were also flying high up into the skies.Ten years after, I moved again.In the new home of mine, I had no silk trees, nor could I get sight of the glittering spire from afar.There was, however, a lotus pond of limpid blue in front of my door.In the first few years after I moved there, lotus flowers continued to blossom on the surface of the pond.In the summertime, when day broke early at four, a vast stretch of lotus leaves looking skywards outside my window came dimly into sight while the quiet fragrance of the lotus flowers assailed my nose.All that delighted me even more than the silk trees and the glittering spire.Is it exclusively due to the above-mentioned that I’ve developed a liking for predawn Beijing? No.for 30 years, I’ve been bogged down in the mire of meetings.To tell you the truth, with the experience accumulated over the 30 years, I’m now scared of meetings.In the daytime, there is no telling when I may be served a notice for attending a meeting.To exaggerate it a bit, that keeps me in constant suspense and makes me fidgety.Even when no meeting is to take place, I feel restless all the same.However, my experience tells that it is only during the predawn hours that I can be truly havened from any involvement in meetings.As soon as I sit at my desk before dawn, something similar to the conditioned reflex will begin to function within me: Instantly I’ll pick up my pen to play my proper part with perfect peace of mind.Then inspiration comes gushing to my mind and my memory becomes as quick as a newly-sharpened knife.I’ll feel overjoyed, almost to the point of waving my arms and stamping my

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考研集訓(xùn)營,為考生服務(wù)，為學(xué)員引路！

feet.In short, I love Beijing, especially predawn Beijing.注釋

季羨林(1911-)，教育家、梵文翻譯家，散文家。本文是季羨林于1985年2月11日寫的一篇小品文。

(1)“黎明前的北京”除譯為predawn Beijing外，也可譯為Beijing Before Dawn或Beijing Before Daybreak。

(2)“算是一個老北京了”除譯為I can well call myself a long-timer of Beijing外，也可譯為I‘m eligible for being called a long-timer of Beijing。又long-timer也可用old-timer代替。

(3)“北京的妙處”是上句“北京的名勝古跡“的補(bǔ)充，故譯為nay, its superb attractions，其中nay是副詞，作“不僅如此”解，是譯文中添加的成分。

(4)“有一點(diǎn)??老北京并不了解”譯為there is one thing lying unknown to? long-time residents，其中l(wèi)ying和remaining同義。

(5)“在什么報(bào)上讀過一篇文章”譯為I hit upon a newspaper article，其中to hit upon是成語，作“偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”解，和to come across、to find by chance等同義。

(6)“我則怡然自得”意即“我卻覺得很愜意”，故譯為whereas I myself find it quite agreeable。

(7)“此時(shí)當(dāng)然看不到了”譯為would no longer be visible now in the morning haze，(8)“香氣幽然襲來”意即“香氣悄悄地?fù)浔嵌鴣怼保首g為the quiet fragrance?assailed my nose(或nostrils)。

(9)“開會迷”在文中并不指“對開會著迷”或“特別愛好開會”。它的真正意思卻是“陷入繁多的的會議之中”或者“疲于應(yīng)付各種會議”，因此可譯為I’ve been bogged down in the more of meetings或I’ve been bogged down in meetings。

(10)“只有在黎明以前??沒有哪里會找你開會的”譯為it is only during the predawn hours that I can be havened from any involvement in meetings，靈活處理，其中havened是由名詞haven(避難所)轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞的。因此be havened from的意思是“免受??之憂”。

(11)“‘文思’如泉水噴涌”中的“文思”實(shí)際上指“靈感”，現(xiàn)將全句譯為Then inspiration comes gushing to my mind。

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