第一篇：雅思議論文寫作：在家工作的問(wèn)題

雅思議論文寫作范文：在家工作的問(wèn)題

這類考題出現(xiàn)在，2007-8-25北京、哈爾濱、鄭州、天津、長(zhǎng)春、上海、杭州、南京、昆明、深圳、福州、南寧、長(zhǎng)沙，下面來(lái)讓我們看一下“雅思議論文寫作范文：在家工作的問(wèn)題”。

雅思寫作真題還原

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.More and more people are working at home rather than in the workplaces ,Some people say this will bring benefits to the workers and their families, but others think it will bring stress to the home.Discuss both views and give your own opinion

Use your own ideas, knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.Write at least 250 words.題源分析

題目要求我們分析關(guān)于“在家工作”的兩種不同的觀點(diǎn)。一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為在家工作對(duì)雇員和其家庭都有好處，另一種卻覺(jué)得在家工作會(huì)把工作中的壓力帶到家里。實(shí)際上，對(duì)于這個(gè)話題被公眾討論的很多了，是個(gè)很熟悉的話題。因此，寫起來(lái)并不困難。

推薦格式是：

第一段：描述主題，點(diǎn)明要討論的現(xiàn)象：在家工作的人們?cè)絹?lái)越多。

第二段：討論觀點(diǎn)一，即在家工作對(duì)雇員和其家庭的好處：節(jié)省了每天花在交通上的時(shí)間、精力和金錢;能夠自由安排自己的時(shí)間，更好的照顧家人。

第三段：討論觀點(diǎn)二，即在家工作把壓力帶回了家：。模糊了上下班時(shí)間，使壓力

持續(xù)的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)而且影響家人。

第四段：總結(jié)全文：在家工作并不適合所有的行業(yè)，要看具體情況而定。

其他參考觀點(diǎn)：

贊成的理由：

1.提高了員工的工作滿意度，減低員工的流失率。

2.節(jié)省辦公空間和其他辦公設(shè)備。

反對(duì)的理由：

1.不利于個(gè)人與其他同事的溝通。

2.使員工獲取信息的渠道變得狹窄。

3.不利于公司內(nèi)部的團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)。

經(jīng)典范文欣賞：

Progresses in telecommunication technology enable more and more people to work at home.This emerging working pattern is popular among young people, and it will have profound implications for our work and life.Some have a good round of applause for it, while others worry about its negative effects.Some people say that working at home can bestow numerous benefits upon the workers and their families.First of all, it spares the employee the daily chore of traveling back and forth to and from work, which inevitably save them a lot of time and money Also, it saves employees' energy so that they are able to work more efficiently Secondly, working at home means the employee can arrange his or her time more flexible as long as.they can meet the deadlines of the tasks.Thus, they can dedicate more time to their: spouse and children, which is obviously helpful to strength family ties and salvage dysfunctional marriage.However, other people insist that working at home brings stresses to the home.They think that this working pattern will blur the conventional distinctions between working hours and rest time.In this way, the stress of working tasks may last for an even longer period and it may probably spread to every corner of the home.And all the members in the family will inevitably be influenced by the pressure.Besides, working at home will also generate much trouble to both companies and individuals.All in all, in my opinion, we should view the working pattern dialectically It indeed frees the workers but not everyone or every industry is suitable for it We'd _better not choose it blindly without considering our characteristics and working industry.更多雅思相關(guān)資訊請(qǐng)登錄：http://004km.cn/content_IELTS/

第二篇：雅思寫作-議論文部分滿分分析

雅思寫作-議論文寫作部分滿分范文分析

利用好劍橋系列中的范文，對(duì)提高寫作的巨大幫助不言而喻。

議論文部分包含兩種題型：（1）Discussion/Report（2）Argumentation

Disccusion/Report: 通常是對(duì)某一現(xiàn)象的原因，某一問(wèn)題的解決方案及其影響的分析討論。這類題目要求考生結(jié)合自己的已有知識(shí)，生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)及對(duì)社會(huì)問(wèn)題的見(jiàn)解展開充分的理由闡述。題目所占比例不及辯論類題目多。

基本布局：

Introduction-----介紹問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的背景(background)

闡述問(wèn)題的原因（causes/reasons）

Body-----------提出解決方案(solutions)

Conclusion------總結(jié)body部分

There are many problems with students’ behavior in many countries.What are the causes and what are your solutions?

para 1Poor student behavior seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyles are probably responsible for this.話題+概括原因

para 2In many countries, the birth rate is decreasing so that families are smaller with fewer children.These children are often spoilt, not in terms of love and attention because working parents do not have the time for this, but in more material ways.They are allowed to have whatever they want, regardless of price, and to behave as they please.This means that the children grow up without consideration for others and without any understanding of where their standard of living comes from.本段寫家庭方面的原因。In terms of 和regardless of 兩個(gè)很棒的連接詞，學(xué)會(huì)使用 para 3When they get to school age they have not learnt any self control or discipline.They have less respect for their teachers and refuse to obey school rules in the way that their parents did.似乎可以合并到上一段

para 4Teachers continually complain about this problem and measures should be taken to combat the situation.But I think the solution to the problem lies with the families, who need to be more aware of the future consequences of spoiling their children.If they could1

raise them to be considerate of others and to be social, responsible individuals, the whole community would benefit.本段提出解決方案，依靠家庭教育。最后一句使用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

para 5Perhaps parenting classes are needed to help them to do this, and high quality nursery schools could be established that would support families more in terms of raising the next generation.The government should fund this kind of parental support, because this is no longer a problem for individual families, but for society as a whole.結(jié)尾段給出建議，辦家長(zhǎng)培訓(xùn)班，并且政府也要予以支持。提建議時(shí)，同樣使用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Argumentation:通常以do you agree or disagree/discuss both views and give your own opinion.通覽劍橋教材給出的范文，采用四段折中式的布局比較討巧。一方面，從兩個(gè)方面展開論述，可以有話可說(shuō)；另一方面，字?jǐn)?shù)也比較容易寫夠。此外，考官給出的一段評(píng)語(yǔ)，也足以可以看出“折中法”很受考官的青睞。

“It is suggested to introduce the topic, examine both sides of the argument and express a clear position.Points should be well-argued and supported with examples.”

不建議考生輕易嘗試“一邊倒”的布局，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)太大。

基本布局：Introduction-------------------背景話題的引出

自己更傾向的一方觀點(diǎn)（1）

Body---------自己不太傾向的一方觀點(diǎn)（2）

Conclusion----重申（1）+（2）（借用paraphrase的方法）+可行建議

下面是一篇考官撰寫的滿分作文，讓我們膜拜一下。連接詞的使用精準(zhǔn)到位，復(fù)雜句寫的很熟練.學(xué)習(xí)的目標(biāo)啊。

劍5-test2-writing task2

In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this.Para 1It is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break from studying after graduating from high school.(背景介紹)The trend is not

restricted to rich students who have the money to travel, but is also evident among poorer

students who choose to work and become economically independent for a period of time.(背景的闡述)

Para2The reasons for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world.By contrast, those who have spent some time earning a living or travelling to other places, have a broader view of life and better personal

resources to draw on.They tend to be more independent, which is a very important factor in academic study and research, as well as giving them an advantage in terms of coping with the challenges of student life.本段寫旅行或工作的好處?？脊俳o出了兩個(gè)分論點(diǎn)：(1)可以開拓眼界(2)讓學(xué)生更獨(dú)立，適應(yīng)以后大學(xué)生活的挑戰(zhàn)。從本段看出，雅思作文考試完全不同于GRE考試，對(duì)深刻性要求沒(méi)有那么高，歸根到底還是看重考生的寫作基本功。所有寫出reasonable的文章，用地道的詞句，就是很大的成功了。

Para3However, there are certainty dangers in taking time off at that important age.Young adults may end up never returning to their studies or finding it difficult to readapt to an academic environment.They may think it is better to continue in a particular job, or to do something completely different from a university course.But overall, I think this is less likely today, when academic qualifications are essential for getting a reasonable career.本段屬于讓步段，講旅行或工作后再進(jìn)大學(xué)的壞處。最后一句，值得好好揣摩，作者用詞句提出了反駁：“總體來(lái)看，這并不太可能發(fā)生，因?yàn)閷W(xué)歷對(duì)于找到一份好工作太重要了”。在讓步內(nèi)部先支持再反駁的寫法，值得考生借鑒。

para 4My view is that young people should be encouraged to broaden their horizons.That is the best way for them to get a clear perspective of what they are hoping to do with their lives and why.Students with such a perspective are usually the most effective and motivated ones and taking a year off may be the best way to gain this.結(jié)尾，考官先重申自己傾向的一方。最后提建議：gap year 一年好，值得推行。

兩篇滿分范文讀下來(lái)，感覺(jué)如何呢？范文值得我們好好推敲學(xué)習(xí)，先從范文的模仿開始，逐漸擺脫枷鎖束縛，最后到達(dá)自如的書寫自己的思想和觀點(diǎn)。

滿分范文給我們的啟示：

（1）高分文章一定是非?？垲}的文章，必須要有清晰的結(jié)構(gòu)

（2）高分文章一定有不少準(zhǔn)確使用的連詞，而其本質(zhì)是比較復(fù)雜的邏輯關(guān)系

（3）高分文章在每個(gè)分論點(diǎn)后面都有1-2句，甚至3句的支持句

（4）高分文章的結(jié)尾段一般會(huì)重申上文的傾向性，通常在結(jié)尾還會(huì)給出建議

（5）大膽的寫，平時(shí)多思考，寫出高質(zhì)量的練筆文章。在考場(chǎng)上才能做到收放自如

第三篇：2012年上半年雅思寫作議論文題目匯總

雅思寫作機(jī)經(jīng)匯總之2012年大作文1 By Avril Law（天津新東方學(xué)校國(guó)外考試部雅思主講教師）

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.01.07

Some people think inviting large foreign companies to set up factories in developing countries is helpful for local economy，while others think that the foreign companies should not be allowed to build their factories in developing countries，instead，local companies should be encouraged in order to develop local economy.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.01.12

Some people think that the government should establish free libraries in each town.Others, however, believe that it is a waste of money since the public can use the Internet at home to obtain information.Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.01.14

Some employers are given increased importance to social skills in addition to good qualifications.Do you agree or disagree that social skills are as important as good qualifications for success in jobs?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.01.21 Most of the urgent problems can only be solved with international cooperation.To what extent do you agree or disagree？

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.02.04

Some people think young people should follow the traditions of their society.Others think that they should be free to behave as individuals.Discuss both views and give your opinion.（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.02.09

The spread of multinational companies and resulting increase of globalization produces positive effects for everyone.Do you agree or disagree?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.02.18

Some people think the developments of technology make people’s life more complex, so we should make the life simpler without using technology.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.02.25

Full-time university students need to spend a lot of time on studying, but it is essential to get involved in other activities.To what extent do you agree or disagree?（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.03.08

People aim to achieve the balance between their work and lives.But few people achieve it.What are the causes of the problems? How to overcome it?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.03.10

It is expected that there will be a higher proportion of older people than young people in many countries in the future.Do you think it is a positive or negative development?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.03.17

News media are important in modern society.Why are they so important? Are their influences generally positive or negative?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.03.31

In some cultures the old age is highly valued, while in some cultures youth is highly valued.Discuss and give your opinion.（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.04.12 Ambition is an important characteristic of people.How important is it for people to make success in life? Is it a positive or negative characteristic for success?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.04.14

A tendency of news reported in the media about problems and emergencies rather than positive developments is more harmful to the individual and to society.Do you agree or disagree?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.04.21

Some people think planning future is a waste of time and people should focus on the present.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.04.28

In modern world, it is no longer necessary to use animals for food or use animal products, for instance, clothing and medicines.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.05.10 Nowadays consumers are faced with the advertisements from competitive companies.To what extent do you agree that consumers are influenced by advertisements? What measures should be taken to protect them?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.05.12

In most countries,prison is an effective solution to the problem of crime.Some people think it is a more effective solution to provide education for those who violate the law.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.05.19

The increase in food production owes much to fertilizers and better machinery, but some people think that it has a negative impact on human health and community.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.05.26

Some people believe that the government should support the funds for the arts, while some other people suggest that the money should be used for public health and education.Discuss both views and give your opinion.（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.06.09

Some people think news has no connection to people's lives, so it is a waste of time to read the news on the newspaper and watch television news programs.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.06.14

Scientific research should be carried out and controlled by government rather than private companies.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.06.16

City dwellers seldom socialize with their neighbors today and the sense of community has been lost.Why has this happened and how to solve this problem?

（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

12.06.30

When visiting foreign countries, some people think it is advantageous to learn their cultures and traditions.How do you think people can learn other cultures and traditions? Why do you think some people are interested in learning those traditions and cultures while others not?（Avril總結(jié)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載敬請(qǐng)注明http://blog.sina.com.cn/avrildaisy）

第四篇：雅思寫作

雅思寫作范文

Many old building are protected by law because they are part of a nation's history.However，some people think knocked down to make way for new ones because people need houses and offices.How important is it to maintain old buildings？ Should history stand in the way of progress？Old buildings sometimes conflicts with social advancement.Appealing as it is in the eyes of business people，tearing down old architect to make room for real-estate development is not a wise idea in many ways.The primarily reason is that old buildings，like our native language，forms our cultural identity and keep a unique record the history of a country.From this aspect，old buildings are considered very valuable as one of the symbols of the culture of a nation.For instance，the traditional Chinese residence in Beijing，Siheyuan，are once seen as the remains of the Old World，and were destroyed by people shortly after the founding of People's Republic of China.Until recently did the people and policy makers as well realize that it is an inexcusable and stupid idea to commit such a terrible deed because old buildings，once gone，are not restorable.But their economic values and aesthetic appeals have just caught the attention of Chinese people.Moreover，old buildings，if planed and preserved properly，could coexist with modern real-estate development.In France，aged buildings bring millions of dollars of revenue for the government and amazed thousands of tourists.Yet no one thinks the high-rising office buildings and apartment buildings make the old architect a sore of the eye.By contrast，the new learn from the old，a fact that makes them more attractive.We admit that not all old buildings should be treated equally and some of them do need to be torn down for various reasons such as safety and new buildings.However，we should not be too blind to see their value too.If only the real and practical factors are being considered，the country will be sorry for its loss in years to come.As we have discussed，old buildings are part of a country's history and are valuable in many ways.We should plan well and be wise enough to see their value.But the same time，we should also do our best to find solutions to make the old and the new coexist in harmony.

第五篇：雅思寫作

很多人在準(zhǔn)備雅思考試的初期都會(huì)問(wèn)幾乎相同的問(wèn)題：“需要多大的詞匯量？”“應(yīng)該背哪本詞匯表？”就這些問(wèn)題，北語(yǔ)雅思的看法如下：

雅思是個(gè)能力考試（a proficiency test），與人們所熟悉的 achievement test 不同。

所謂 achievement test，是指那些對(duì)學(xué)生所學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行檢測(cè)的考試。如每學(xué)期的期 中、期末考試。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，在這樣的考試前，學(xué)校都會(huì)安排復(fù)習(xí)，老師也許還會(huì)劃定復(fù)習(xí)范圍。這些考試都和教學(xué)大綱規(guī)定的內(nèi)容和進(jìn)度等有關(guān)?？荚嚨膬?nèi)容一般不超出大綱規(guī)定的內(nèi)容。以英語(yǔ)為例，大綱規(guī)定了詞匯表，試題中如有超綱詞要注明中文定義。所以，每當(dāng)面臨一個(gè)新的考試時(shí)，考生會(huì)很自然地問(wèn)：看哪幾本書？有沒(méi)有詞匯表？

一般來(lái)說(shuō)，proficiency test 與教學(xué)進(jìn)度、內(nèi)容、教學(xué)大綱等無(wú)關(guān)，自然也與詞匯表無(wú)關(guān)。市面上有“雅思詞匯”

七、八本之多，均為出版社為了賺錢，雇人編寫的，沒(méi)有一本具有所謂“權(quán)威性”。稍好一些的有例句說(shuō)明單詞的用法，差的只給出中文定義。如果想背詞匯，隨便買本“托福詞匯”、“

四、六級(jí)詞匯”、甚至某本英漢辭典，效果是一樣的。

其實(shí)，詞匯的最好學(xué)習(xí)方法是通過(guò)大量的閱讀來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)，而這種大量的閱讀正是雅思考試閱讀部分所側(cè)重的。備戰(zhàn)一個(gè) proficiency test 時(shí)，最好的準(zhǔn)備方法就是：考什么，準(zhǔn)備什么?？奸喿x，就通過(guò)閱讀準(zhǔn)備，而不是通過(guò)背詞匯表準(zhǔn)備。

常有考生問(wèn)：考雅思需要多大的詞匯量？很多人把詞匯量看成是能力的標(biāo)志，這又回到 achievement test 和 achievement test 問(wèn)題上。如果能從知識(shí)和能力的方面劃分考試的話，對(duì)詞匯量的測(cè)試是知識(shí)型的測(cè)試。有些考生可以得很高的知識(shí)分，但能力欠佳，即所謂“高分低能”。換言之，詞匯量不是能力標(biāo)志。從另一個(gè)角度看，詞匯量的統(tǒng)計(jì)也有問(wèn)題。以下這些詞怎么算：

act, actor, actress, action, active, activity, react, reactive, reaction, counteract, interact, hyperactive 等等，這到底算幾個(gè)詞。

那么該用什么來(lái)判斷一個(gè)人是否達(dá)到了挑戰(zhàn)雅思的水平呢？很簡(jiǎn)單，做

一、兩套模擬題就可以了。拿體育作比喻，如果你想知道自己跑一百米需要多少秒，最好的辦法就是去跑。而不是分析自己的心臟情況、血壓、體重等。當(dāng)你知道自己“吃幾碗干飯”，再去做相應(yīng)的準(zhǔn)備，去有針對(duì)性地練爆發(fā)力、步幅、節(jié)奏等。

在作聽力和閱讀試題時(shí)，三分之一的正確率就是一個(gè)很好的起點(diǎn)。經(jīng)過(guò)一學(xué)期的脫產(chǎn)培訓(xùn)，在考試中獲得6段是有可能的。如果起始正確率能達(dá)到三分之二，也許不用參加培訓(xùn)，考自己多做幾套模擬試題，就可以獲得很好的成績(jī)。如果正確率在三分之一以下，那就不應(yīng)該上雅思培訓(xùn)班，而應(yīng)該上一個(gè)不和任何考試掛

鉤的培訓(xùn)班。這樣的班更好地解決打基礎(chǔ)、提高能力的問(wèn)題，因?yàn)榇蟛糠盅潘寂嘤?xùn)班都花很多達(dá)到時(shí)間琢磨應(yīng)試技巧，而顧及不到能力的提高。

如何自測(cè)口語(yǔ)和寫作呢？看一看雅思口語(yǔ)和寫作的題目，你自己離議論這些題目還差多遠(yuǎn)？要想在口語(yǔ)和寫作考試中獲得有意義的分?jǐn)?shù)（6段），應(yīng)該能達(dá)到“侃”的水平。如論述“大城市面臨的交通問(wèn)題的原因、現(xiàn)狀、出路”；“在教育孩子的過(guò)程中?懲罰?的作用”；“很多人感到越來(lái)越忙，沒(méi)有閑暇時(shí)間，原因是什么，應(yīng)該怎么辦？”。這幾個(gè)題目是去出現(xiàn)過(guò)的雅思作文真題（task 2）?？谡Z(yǔ)題的難度也相差無(wú)幾，如“論教育對(duì)一個(gè)民族的重要性”。

之二

雅思考試與我們所熟悉的許多考試的區(qū)別之一是，雅思沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法和詞匯題。于是有人認(rèn)為不懂語(yǔ)法、不認(rèn)識(shí)幾個(gè)單詞也可以考雅思。考過(guò)之后才感嘆，難！于是趕緊四處打聽“有多大的詞匯量才能挑戰(zhàn)雅思”。

中國(guó)學(xué)生的習(xí)慣是，所有的考試都可以通過(guò)“準(zhǔn)備”來(lái)通過(guò)的。

北語(yǔ)雅思想說(shuō)的是，proficiency tests 是不能“準(zhǔn)備”的，至少是不能以“期末復(fù)習(xí)、考試”那種形式來(lái)準(zhǔn)備，更不能靠達(dá)到“五千”或是“八千”詞匯來(lái)準(zhǔn)備的。北語(yǔ)雅思的所有教師都考過(guò)雅思，有的了兩次、三次，可是誰(shuí)也不知道自己有多大的詞匯量。什么人關(guān)注“自己”的詞匯量呢？英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)還不入門的學(xué)生，英語(yǔ)教學(xué)還是新手的教師。

還是那句話，考什么，你就應(yīng)該能夠做什么。比如，留學(xué)類的閱讀的三篇文章都出自原文報(bào)刊，如“New Scientist”，那么考生就應(yīng)該去看和這類雜志在難度、長(zhǎng)度、題材有可比性的文章，通過(guò)閱讀來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)詞匯，而不是去背詞匯表。讀懂這樣的文章靠什么？語(yǔ)法、詞匯、背景知識(shí)等等，但這些都是次要的，主要的、乃至最重要的是：靠日積月累達(dá)到的量。

讀有難度、長(zhǎng)度的文章比背詞匯表痛苦的多。背詞匯表可以讓人有“feel

good”、“我沒(méi)閑著”的感覺(jué)，因?yàn)榭梢酝ㄟ^(guò)“量化”來(lái)衡量自己的投入與產(chǎn)出。所以，背詞匯表的人多，腳踏實(shí)地、靠閱讀量來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)的人少。

聽聽womo于2003-3-17在51ielts.com上怎么說(shuō)的：“環(huán)球說(shuō)得6000-7000，不過(guò)我現(xiàn)在手里有三本雅思單詞書，發(fā)現(xiàn)他們不僅說(shuō)雅思該有的單詞量不同，就連選錄的單詞也差很遠(yuǎn)，背完新東方再看環(huán)球的，一堆不會(huì)。背完環(huán)球再看楊凡的，一堆不會(huì)”。

把那些“詞匯手冊(cè)”之類的東西都扔了吧。去讀、去聽?。?！

之三

淺談雅思詞匯

這個(gè)問(wèn)題往往是各位準(zhǔn)備考雅思的朋友們非常關(guān)心的，說(shuō)起來(lái)也很正常。詞匯量本身就是衡量英語(yǔ)水平和考試難度的一個(gè)尺度，尤其在雅思考試形式比較特殊，沒(méi)有考試大綱的情況下，對(duì)詞匯來(lái)年量的需求自然倍受關(guān)注。很多朋友張口就問(wèn)，考雅思要不要背單詞？背什么單詞書？也有很多朋友給我發(fā)郵件來(lái)詢問(wèn)這個(gè)問(wèn)題。很久沒(méi)有寫關(guān)于英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的東西了，最近采訪了不少剛考完雅思的同學(xué)們，今天正好借這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)和大家討論一下。

首先要說(shuō)明一點(diǎn)，本文里面的觀點(diǎn)都是針對(duì)起點(diǎn)為詞匯量在1，500-2，000的基礎(chǔ)不是太好的朋友們。換句話說(shuō)，如果你的起點(diǎn)更低，連最基本的1，500詞匯都沒(méi)有的話，那么我個(gè)人認(rèn)為你是必須要背單詞的，沒(méi)有多少商量的余地。

那么，具備了1，500-2，000的詞匯量，到底要不要背單詞呢？應(yīng)該背什么單詞呢？下面我就結(jié)合雅思考試的特點(diǎn)，分項(xiàng)展開說(shuō)明。

首先來(lái)看看對(duì)詞匯要求最簡(jiǎn)單的口語(yǔ)。有關(guān)學(xué)好口語(yǔ)需要多少詞匯量的問(wèn)題幾乎已經(jīng)被討論爛了，比較公認(rèn)的結(jié)論應(yīng)該是500-800日常詞匯足矣。換句話說(shuō)，如果你具備1，000以上的詞匯，但口語(yǔ)仍然不好，那請(qǐng)一定不要把原因歸結(jié)為詞匯量不夠，也請(qǐng)一定不要把解決辦法定位于背單詞。其實(shí)，除去因?yàn)槿狈毩?xí)造成的表達(dá)不夠流利之外，口語(yǔ)不好的主要問(wèn)題在于對(duì)一些小詞掌握的不夠到位。比如get，take，make這樣的動(dòng)詞，搭配上不同的介詞，幾乎可以表達(dá)所有的日常動(dòng)作。因此，當(dāng)你覺(jué)得你有意思表達(dá)不出來(lái)時(shí)，先不慌查字典找單詞，而應(yīng)該問(wèn)問(wèn)自己，你是不是可以用已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的很簡(jiǎn)單的單詞和詞組來(lái)表達(dá)這個(gè)意思？所以說(shuō)，為了提高口語(yǔ)，是沒(méi)有必要專門背單詞的，相反，應(yīng)該把所知道的簡(jiǎn)單詞匯學(xué)好，學(xué)精。你知道see是看見(jiàn)，是否知道see off是告別？你知道large是大，又知道at large表示逃亡在外么？再次向口語(yǔ)不好的朋友們推薦《學(xué)好17個(gè)動(dòng)詞走遍天下》，以后千萬(wàn)別動(dòng)不動(dòng)就拿起詞匯書來(lái)背了。

接下來(lái)我們看看寫作。雅思考試作文的批改方式比較特殊，是analytical scoring，而不是象TOEFL采取的global scoring。什么叫g(shù)lobal scoring呢？其實(shí)它比較象我們中學(xué)時(shí)的作文評(píng)分方式，就是一眼看上去大概是什么水平，屬于哪個(gè)檔次，就給多少分。那么analytical scoring又是怎么回事呢？我們翻譯過(guò)來(lái)叫做“分項(xiàng)評(píng)分”。雅思作文評(píng)分有三項(xiàng)：內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)，連貫銜接，語(yǔ)言質(zhì)量。每一項(xiàng)分別評(píng)分，要注意，在給每一項(xiàng)評(píng)分時(shí)是不受其他兩項(xiàng)影響的。也就是說(shuō)，哪怕你的文章離題萬(wàn)里，只要文字優(yōu)美，那么語(yǔ)言那一項(xiàng)也是有可能打8分的。三項(xiàng)加起來(lái)除以三，就是一篇作文的最終得分。那么這種分項(xiàng)評(píng)分到底有什么好處呢？顯然是有的，因?yàn)橛⒄Z(yǔ)作為外語(yǔ)，普遍中國(guó)學(xué)生寫作文時(shí)語(yǔ)言水平有限，因此如果把握好文章的內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)，在連貫方面處理得好，完全可以將最終分?jǐn)?shù)提上去。而把握文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，做好連貫銜接，顯然與詞匯量的大小絲毫扯不上關(guān)系吧？退一步講，如果要提高寫作的語(yǔ)言質(zhì)量，也幾乎不取決于詞匯量大小。關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)，我在《關(guān)于寫作的一點(diǎn)個(gè)人體會(huì)》中詳細(xì)闡述，這里不再?gòu)U話。

說(shuō)起聽力，我又要提起我反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的一個(gè)概念：聽力詞匯量。聽力詞匯量區(qū)別于閱讀詞匯量，簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，就是不看拼寫，僅從發(fā)音判斷就能確定認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞，才屬于你的聽力詞匯量。對(duì)于聽力水平普遍不高的中國(guó)考生，可能聽力詞匯量還不到閱讀詞匯量的一半。而雅思聽力考試顯然要求的是更多的聽力詞匯量，而不是

閱讀詞匯。從這一點(diǎn)出發(fā)，整天抱著詞匯書死背，往紙上反復(fù)抄寫，對(duì)提高聽力詞匯量有百害而無(wú)一益。其次，雅思聽力作為考察英語(yǔ)國(guó)家生存能力的測(cè)試，對(duì)日常用語(yǔ)考得非常頻繁。雅思聽力的特色題目就是填空，簡(jiǎn)答這樣需要?jiǎng)邮痔顚憜卧~的題目。而需要填寫的單詞往往是日常用詞。比如有一次考過(guò)jackfruit（菠蘿蜜），還考過(guò)pomelo（釉子），這樣的詞生活中很常用，可是好象哪本單詞書中都不會(huì)收錄吧？那么，整日抱著單詞書背，意義究竟何在？

最后我們來(lái)討論存在爭(zhēng)議最大的閱讀問(wèn)題。

雅思考試的閱讀文章往往是從報(bào)刊雜志上摘下來(lái)的，這樣就造成大量的專有名詞，以及一些不常用的詞匯。這樣造成了考生在考試時(shí)遇到大量不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞，因此帶來(lái)的結(jié)果就是，很多人馬上將自己無(wú)法答對(duì)題的原因歸結(jié)為不認(rèn)識(shí)單詞，將解決辦法歸納為背單詞。于是背了劉毅的5000和10000，三個(gè)月后滿懷信心走入考場(chǎng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞比上次還多！很多培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)也很不負(fù)責(zé)地拿有些考生的成績(jī)來(lái)做虛假宣傳，說(shuō)某某詞匯量多少，于是閱讀多少分耳耳，好象他的成績(jī)就歸功于他詞匯量一樣。那么，問(wèn)題究竟出在什么地方？

要了解這一點(diǎn)，首先有必要了解一下雅思閱讀的出題原則和思路。雅思閱讀是考察從文章中獲得有效信息的能力，因此充滿生詞是必然的，問(wèn)題在于你能否從中讀出對(duì)你有用的信息。我可以完全負(fù)責(zé)任的說(shuō)，雅思閱讀從來(lái)不出從上下文推斷詞義的題目，換句話說(shuō)，雅思閱讀中根本就沒(méi)有考察詞匯量的題??！

象summary，short anwser question這樣的題目，只需要你從原文中尋找特定的信息，哪怕它是個(gè)專有名詞，你不認(rèn)識(shí)，沒(méi)關(guān)系，找出來(lái)填進(jìn)去就是了。對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，最難的題當(dāng)屬T/F/NG，這種題怎么考呢？比如，文中講Tom is taller than Mary。題目中說(shuō)Tom is as tall as Mary。那么顯然，這道題為FALSE。有人說(shuō)這太簡(jiǎn)單了，雅思不會(huì)考這么簡(jiǎn)單的，其實(shí)這說(shuō)明你沒(méi)有意識(shí)到T/F/NG題的精髓所在罷了。對(duì)于雅思考試來(lái)說(shuō)，無(wú)非就是把TOM，MARY這樣的詞換成誰(shuí)都不認(rèn)識(shí)的專有名詞來(lái)嚇唬人而已，因?yàn)門/F/NG題根本就不考你的詞匯量，它考的是你對(duì)句意的把握。而能否正確把握句意，取決于你的語(yǔ)法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力，與詞匯量無(wú)關(guān)。下面舉個(gè)真實(shí)考試的例子大家就明白了。

文中說(shuō)&& is a poor predictor,%% is little better than &&.題目說(shuō)%% is a good predictor.（&&和%%表示兩個(gè)難詞）。好，這個(gè)題答案是什么呢？是FALSE。為什么呢？很顯而易見(jiàn)，這里的專有名詞我都沒(méi)寫出來(lái)，認(rèn)不認(rèn)識(shí)肯定對(duì)答題不影響，這里題目考察的是對(duì)little better than這個(gè)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的理解，你必須知道這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，才能正確把握句子的意思。那么什么人需要背單詞呢？那就是連

poor，little這樣的詞都不認(rèn)識(shí)的人才需要背，也就是我開頭說(shuō)的那些基礎(chǔ)實(shí)在太差，詞匯量可能只有三位數(shù)的人。而對(duì)于很多詞匯量并不小的人，由于不認(rèn)識(shí)little better than這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，照樣無(wú)法做對(duì)題目。

舉個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的例子，無(wú)非是想告訴大家，要看清閱讀考試的實(shí)質(zhì)，千萬(wàn)不要輕易將做錯(cuò)題的原因歸結(jié)為詞匯不夠。其實(shí)造成閱讀能力有限的原因是多方面的，主要是閱讀速度和對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的分析能力。前者必須通過(guò)廣泛的閱讀來(lái)鍛煉和提高，而后者，說(shuō)到底是一個(gè)英語(yǔ)基本功是否扎實(shí)的問(wèn)題，冰凍三尺非一日之寒，解決語(yǔ)法問(wèn)題是慢工夫，并不是背背單詞就可以提高英語(yǔ)水平的。

說(shuō)到這里，很多朋友可能會(huì)這樣問(wèn)，你寫這個(gè)是不是就是要大家把手里的單詞書全都扔掉？非也。對(duì)于很多已經(jīng)工作的朋友，或者長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不接觸英語(yǔ)的朋友，找一本合適自己的詞匯書看看，是盡快恢復(fù)的最好辦法之一。背單詞的關(guān)鍵在精不在多，對(duì)于一個(gè)單詞，并不是看到它知道中文意思就足夠的，如果讓你造個(gè)句子你會(huì)不會(huì)用？如果在收音機(jī)里聽到它你能不能分辨出來(lái)？這都是衡量對(duì)詞匯的掌握程度。因此，反復(fù)復(fù)習(xí)，反復(fù)再實(shí)踐中運(yùn)用剛學(xué)到的單詞，才是背單詞的正道。

本人是機(jī)械背單詞的強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)者，因此從不推薦詞匯參考書。如果非要說(shuō)起來(lái)的話，找一本用法詳細(xì)，注解豐富（最好有英文注解）的四級(jí)詞匯書，足矣 ：）

PS：這里我想談?wù)労芏嗨^《雅思詞匯》這樣的書。鄭重其事告訴大家，這種書絕大多數(shù)都是不科學(xué)的。首先，雅思考試沒(méi)有明確大綱，只要在英語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)的詞匯，都有出現(xiàn)在卷子上的可能，并沒(méi)有規(guī)定哪些詞匯才是所謂“雅思詞匯”。很多編者宣稱他的書是經(jīng)過(guò)多少多少次對(duì)真題的統(tǒng)計(jì)得出的結(jié)論而搞出來(lái)的詞頻，大家千萬(wàn)不要輕易上當(dāng)。首先，雅思真題保密工作很好，真題不可能在考場(chǎng)外泄露，而考生離開考場(chǎng)是不準(zhǔn)帶出一張紙。那么這些所謂的“統(tǒng)計(jì)者”，從哪里搞來(lái)那么多的真題作為統(tǒng)計(jì)材料？用腦子把卷子一字不差背下來(lái)？呵呵。其次，由于雅思考試的特殊性，每次考題與上次幾乎沒(méi)有關(guān)系，也就是說(shuō)，一次考題中出現(xiàn)什么單詞，與它上次出現(xiàn)與否，下次還會(huì)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)，是完全沒(méi)有規(guī)律可循的。做這種統(tǒng)計(jì)本身就是無(wú)意義的。希望廣大鴨友們?cè)谶x取參考書的時(shí)候一定要睜大眼睛，千萬(wàn)不要被*商蒙蔽。