第一篇：初中英語必會詞組,句法,語法,和練習題

初中英語（新課標版）中考總復習沖刺材料

初中英語*新課標版*中考復習*知識總結(jié)*重點提要*專題整合*課題專練*名師講解

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【初中英語詞組總結(jié)】(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listen to、look at(感官動詞)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2（比較級 and 比較級）表示越來越怎么樣 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）agree with sb 贊成某人 all kinds of 各種各樣 a kind of 一樣 all over the world = the whole world 整個 世界 along with同......一道，伴隨......eg : I will go along with you我將和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 學生同老師們一起種樹 8 As soon as 一怎么樣就怎么樣 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for......求助 向...要...（直接接想要的東西）eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 ask sb to do sth 詢問某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在......歲時 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of............的起初；......的開始 at the end of +地點/+時間 最后；盡頭；末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的這個時候 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句 感覺/對什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 現(xiàn)在進行時 2 將來時 be able to(+ v 原)= can(+ v 原）能夠......eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能夠干什么 eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do(of sth 恐懼，害怕......eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允許做什么

eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允許看電視 I should be allowed to watch TV 我應該被允許看電視 be angry with sb 生某人的氣 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at)sb for doing sth 為什么而生某人的氣 be as...原級...as 和什么一樣 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一樣高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 遠離 be away from 從......離開 be bad for 對什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太

陽下看書對你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于

be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于......32 be careful 當心；小心

be different from......和什么不一樣 34 be famous for 以......著名 35 be friendly to sb 對某人友好

be from = come from 來自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 裝滿......的 be filled with 充滿 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/從句

be going to + v(原）將來時

be good at(+doing)= do well in 在某方面善長, 善于......41 be good for 對什么有好處 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高興做某事 43 be helpful to sb 對某人有好處

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大聲朗讀對你有好處

Exercising is helpful to your bady 鍛煉對你的身體有好處 44 be in good health 身體健康

be in trouble 處于困難中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble 46 be interested in 對某方面感興趣

be late for = come late to 遲到 eg: Be late for class 上課遲到 48 be like 像......eg : I'm like my mother 49 be mad at 生某人的氣

be made from 由......制成(制成以后看不見原材料)51 be made of 由......制成(制成以后還看得見原材料)52 be not sure 表不確定 53 be on a visit to 參觀

be popular with sb 受某人歡迎

be quiet 安靜 56 be short for 表**的縮寫 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰 57 be sick in bed 生病在床

be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you 61 be strict in doing sth 嚴于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles 62 be strict with sb 對某人要求嚴格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 這些學生對自己不嚴格

be strict with sb in sth 某方面對某人嚴格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么 65 be sure 表確定

be sure of doing sth 對做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well 67 be sure of sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head(my teacher 我相信

我的大腦（老師）

be sure that sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相

信他能通過考試

be sure to do sth一定會做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我們一定會通過這次考

試 We are sure to learn English well 我們一定能學好英語 70 be terrified of + 名/動doing 害怕......71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事 72 be the same as...和什么一樣

be used to doing sth習慣做某事

eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸習慣早He is used to sleeping in class 他習慣上課睡覺

be worth doing 值得做什么

be(feel)afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 叢句

because+句子 because of +短語

eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache 77 begin to do = start to do 開始做某事 start...with...=begin...with...以什么開始什么

eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home 78 between...and...兩者之間

borrow sth from sb 向......借......lend sth to sb(lend sb sth 借給......什么 東西

eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me(he lent me a pen 80 both = the same(as)= not different(from)表相同

bother 打擾 bother sb to do sth eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打擾你，但是你能告訴我怎么去車站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks 這個問題困擾了我?guī)讉€周了 He's bothering me to lend him money 82 by the end of 到......為止

call sb sth eg : We call him old wang 84 care 關(guān)心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你為什么不關(guān)心國家的 未來

catch up with sb 趕上某人

chat with sb 和某人閑談 take sb to + 地點 帶某人去某地 87 come in 進

come over to 過來

come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一個好辦 法嗎？

communicate with sb 和某人交流

consider + doing 考慮做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 為什么不

考慮去瀘州？

dance to 隨著......跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜歡隨著音樂跳 舞

decide to do sth 決定做某事

do a survey of 做某方面的調(diào)查

do better in 在......方面做得更好

do wrong 做錯

Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事

Don't mind +doing /從句 /名詞 不要介意......99 each +名（單）每一個...eg : Each student has many books 每一個學生都有一些書 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜歡

escape from 從......逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人從監(jiān)獄

里逃跑出來

expect to do sth 期待做某事

fall down 摔下來 fall off 從哪摔下來

fall in love with sb /sth 愛上什么

far from 離某地遠 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣

find sb/sth +adj 發(fā)現(xiàn)什么怎么樣 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名詞）

fit to sb = be fit for sb 適合某人 111 forget to do 沒有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from...to...從某某到某某 eg: From me for her 113 get /have sth down 做完，被（別人）做...eg: I have my hair cut 我理了發(fā)(頭發(fā)被 剪了）

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了（被牙醫(yī)拔掉了）114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 與某人相處得好 116 get along with sb = get on with sb 與某人相處

get ready for = be ready for為什么而準備eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 給某人麻 119 get sb to do sth 120 get...from...從某處得到某物

give a talk 做報告 eg: He is give a tall 122 give sth to sb give sb sth 給某人某物

go fish 釣魚 go swimming 游泳

go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 繼續(xù)做這件事

go out away from go out of 126 go to school 上學（用于專業(yè)的）go to the school 去學校（不一定是上學）127 good way to 好方法

hate to do 討厭沒做過的事 hate doing 討厭做過的事 129 have a party for sb 舉辦誰的晚會

have a talk 聽報告 談一談

have been doing 現(xiàn)在完成進行時 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since 132 have been to...(地方）......去過某過地方 have gone to...（地方）去了某地還 沒回來

have fun +doing 玩得高興

have sth to do 有什么事要做

eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作業(yè)要做 I have nothing to do 我

沒什么事情做

have to do sth 必須做某事

have trouble(problem)(in)doing sth 做什么事情有麻煩

have...time +doing 138 have...(時間)...off 放......假 eg: I have month off 我請一個月得假 139 hear sb +do/doing 聽見某人做某事/正在做某事 140 help a lot 很大用處

help sb with sth one's sth 幫助某人某事（某方面）help sb(to)do sth 幫助某

人做某事

hope to do sth 希望做某事

How about(+doing)= What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你對什么的看法 145 if : 是否＝wether eg: I don't know if(wether)I should go to the party 我不知道我是否應該去參加晚

會

He don't know if(wether)we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知

道我們明天早上是否能準時到達

if :如果，假如（全部接一般時態(tài)）＋條件語態(tài)從句

eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去瀘州 If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他們要改變計劃，他們會 讓我知道的

I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足夠的

錢，我就要去英國

in one's opinion = sb think 某人認為 148 in some ways 在某些方面

in the end = finally(adv)最后

in the north of...什么在什么的北方（north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 東）

151 in the sun 在太陽下

152 increase 增加

eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他們把石油價增加了3% the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now 153 instead of +（名）代替

eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要蘋果，而不要梨子 I like English instead of math 我喜歡英語而不喜歡數(shù)學

154 introduce sb to sb 介紹某人給某人 introduce oneself 自我介紹

155 invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少時間

eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook 157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 對某人來說做某事怎么樣 158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么樣

159 It's +adj for sb 對于某人來說怎么樣 It's +adj of sb 對某人來說

太怎么樣

160 It's +adj(for sb)to do（對某人來說）做某事怎么樣 It's +adj of sb to do sth 對某人來說做某事太怎么樣

eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English 161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 對......來說是個好主意

162 It's important to sb 對某人來說很重要 eg: It's important to me 163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了該去做某事的時間 eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 該去上課了 164 join = take part in 參加 165 just now 剛才

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介詞短語 讓什么保持什么樣？ 167 keep out 不讓......進入

168 keep sb adj 讓......保持......eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康

169 key to +名詞 表示：某物的鑰匙或某題的答案

170 key to...anser to...key 可以是答題或鑰匙 171 laugh at...取笑......eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke 172 learn by oneslfe 自學

173 learn from sb 向某人學習eg: We should learn from Lei Feng 174 learn to do sth 學做某事 175 let sb do sth 讓某人做某事

176 Let sb down 讓某人失望 eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down 我們不應該

讓我們的父母失望

177 live from :離某地遠

178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地 eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan 179 look after = take care of 照顧 照看

180 lose one's way 誰 迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路 181 make a decision to do sth 決定做某事

182 make friends with sb 和誰成為朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you 183 make it early 把時間定的早一點

184 make on exhibition of oneself 讓某人出洋相

185 make sb /n +n 使什么成為什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife 186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么樣 eg : You must made your bed clean 187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么樣

188 make sb do sth 讓某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前讓他寫 189 make up be made up of(被動語態(tài)）由......組成 190 make...difference to...191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意......做什么 192 most +名 most of +代 193 much too +形容詞 194 must be 一定 195 need +名詞

196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事

197 need to do(實義動詞）need do(情態(tài)動詞）

198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing 199 no +名詞

200 not anymore = no more 再也不......eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭

201 not...(形、副）at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all 202 not...at all 一點都不

203 not...either 表否定，也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也沒有姐姐

204 not...until 直到......才......eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar 205 offer / provide sb with sth 給某人提供

206 offer sb sth(offer sth to sb 提供什么東西給某人 eg : I offer you water(I offer water to you 我給你提供水

207 on one's way to...在誰去那的路上

208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 209 on the phone = over the phone 用電話交談 210 on time 準時 in time 及時

211 one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天 212 one of +可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式

213 one to another 一個到另一個

214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin 215 part-time job 兼職工作 fall-time job 全職工作

216 pay for...付......錢 pay the bill 開錢，付錢 217 please +do 218 please help yourself 219 pleased with sb 220 pool into = pore into 221 practice +doing 練習做某事

222 prefer sth to sth 相對......更喜歡......eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在

物理和化學中，我更喜歡物理

prefer doing to sth 更喜歡去做...不愿意去做...eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜歡騎自行車，不開小車

prefer to do sth rather than do sth 寧愿做...也不愿

eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更

喜歡買新的車，也不去修舊車

prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意...eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜歡她不來

223 pretend to do sth 裝著去做什么 pretend that 從句 eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 這兩個騙子裝著努力工作

He pretended that he did not know the answer 他裝著不知道答案 224 rather...than 寧可......也不......eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯當醫(yī)生，也不當老師 He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜歡狗，不喜歡貓 225 regard...as 把......當作......eg: Please give my best regards to your family 請帶我向你的家人我最好的問候

I regard you as my friend 我把你當作我的朋友 He shows little regard for others 他不愛關(guān)心別人

226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 eg : he remids me about cooking(he remids me to cook 他提醒我做飯 227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么

eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 這照片使我想起了我的學校 the words that(which)the teacher talke to remind me of my mother 228 return sth to sb 還什么東西給某人 229 say to oneself 對自己說 230 say to sb 對某人說

231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少錢在某事上 232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少時間陪誰

233 sb spend sometime(in)doing sth 花了多少時間做某事 234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are 235 see sb do 看見某人做過某事 see sb doing 看見某人正在做某事

236 seem to do/be +adj 顯得怎么樣 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy 237 send +sb sth 送給某人某物

238 send...to...把什么寄到哪里去？

239 shock 使......震驚 eg : Oh , It's only you!You give me a shock 啊，是你呀！嚇

我一跳

240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么東西給某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me 242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her.243 some...others...一些......另一些......244 start...with...從......開始 begin...with...從......開始 245 stay away from 遠離......eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 當我們參觀zoo 時，我們要遠離動物

If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你

想減肥，你最好遠離甜食 246 stop doing 停下正在做的事

247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 248 stop sb(from)doing 阻止某人做某事 249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事 250 such +名 這樣，這種

251 suit sb 適合某人

252 surprise sb 使某人驚奇 to one's surprise 令某人驚奇 253 take classes 上課

254 take sb to 把某人帶去 eg : I take you to the hospital 255 take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk 散步

256 ①talk to 對誰說 eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和誰說 eg : I talk with him ③ talk of 談到 eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 談論關(guān)于......257 talk with sb 和某人說話

258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事

259 tell sb do sth 告訴某人做某事

260 tell sb sth tell sb that 叢句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story 261 tell sb sth 告訴某人某事

262 tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告訴某人不要做 什么

263 tell...from...264 thank you for +doing 265 the same +名詞(doing)+as......266 the same...(名)...as as...(adj adv)...as 相同

267 the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing st做某方面 的方法the way to +地方 去哪的

路

e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English 268 the way to...（地點）到哪的

269 too...to...太怎樣而不能......adj +enough to 足夠...能...so...that +叢句 eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to school He is old enough to go to school ＝ He is so old that he can go to school 270 transalte......into......把什么翻譯成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese 271 travel with sb和某人去旅游

272 try one's best to do sth盡某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么，但沒成功 try doing sth 想干什么，已經(jīng)做過了 eg ：He tried to climb 他想爬上去，但沒成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去，已

經(jīng)做過了 274 try...試衣服 have a try 試一下

275 turn down 開小 ←→ turn up 開大

276 turn off 關(guān)上 ←→ turn on 打開 open 拆開 277 upside down 倒著

278 visit to...參觀某個地方 279 wait for sb 等某人

【初中英語語法總結(jié)】

【1 一般現(xiàn)在時的用法 】

1）經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀 語： every..., sometimes, at..., on Sunday。例如：

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.每天早上我七點離開家。

2）客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。例如：

The earth moves around the sun.地球繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)動。

Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海位于中國東部。

3）表示格言或警句。例如：

Pride goes before a fall.驕者必敗。

注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。

4）現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。例如：

I don't want so much.我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英語寫得不錯，講的可不行。

比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup.把糖放入杯子。

I am doing my homework now.我正在做功課。

第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時，用于操作演示或指導說明的示范性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。第二 句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時?！? 一般過去時的用法 】

1）在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。例如：時間狀語有：

yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：

Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了？

2）表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。例如：

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.我是個孩子的時候，常在馬路上踢足 球。

Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.那時，布朗一家無論什么時候去，都受到熱烈歡迎。

3）句型：It is time for sb.to do sth “到......時間了” “該......了”。例如： It is time for you to go to bed.你該睡覺了。

It is time that sb.did sth.“時間已遲了” “早該......了”，例如It is time you went to bed.你早該 睡覺了。

would（had）rather sb.did sth.表示'寧愿某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.還是明天來吧。

4）wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等，而一般過去時

表示的動作或狀態(tài)都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復存在。例如：I thought you might have some.我以

為你想要一些。

比較：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含義：她已不在人間。）

Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著）

Mrs.Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.（含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）

Mrs.Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.（含義：現(xiàn)在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛 離去）注意： 用過去時表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語氣。

1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如：

Did you want anything else? 您還要些什么嗎？

I wondered if you could help me.能不能幫我一下。

2）情態(tài)動詞 could, would。例如：

Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行車，能借用一些嗎？

【3 used to / be used to 】

used to + do：“過去常?！北硎具^去習慣性的動作或狀態(tài)，但如今已不存在。例如：

Mother used not to be so forgetful.老媽過去沒那么健忘。

Scarf used to take a walk.斯卡夫過去常常散步。

be used to + doing： 對......已感到習慣，或“習慣于”，to是介詞，后需加名詞或動名詞。例 如：

He is used to a vegetarian diet.Scarf is used to taking a walk.斯卡夫現(xiàn)在已習慣于散步了。

典型例題

----Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.----It's 69568442.A.didn't B.couldn't C.don't D.can't

答案A.本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語，但從語意上看出，在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發(fā)生 在過去，因此應用過去時。

【4 一般將來時】

1）shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時常用

于第二人稱。例如：

Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先讀哪一段呢？

Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點回家好嗎？

2）be going to +不定式，表示將來。

a.主語的意圖，即將做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？

b.計劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。這出戲下月開 播。

c.有跡象要發(fā)生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.看那烏云，快要下雨了。

3）be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。例如：

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。

4）be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。例如：

He is about to leave for Beijing.他馬上要去北京。

注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。

【5 be going to / will 用于條件句時，be going to表將來,will表意愿?！?例如：

If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.【6 be to和be going to】

be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。例如：

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我去踢球。（客觀安排）

I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。（主觀安排）【7 一般現(xiàn)在時表將來 】

1）下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時可以表示將來，主要用來

表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火車明天上午六點開。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.汽車什么時候開？十分鐘后。

2）以here, there等開始的倒裝句，表示動作正在進行。例如：

Here comes the bus.= The bus is coming.車來了。

There goes the bell.= The bell is ringing.鈴響了。

3）在時間或條件句中。例如：

When Bill comes（不是will come）, ask him to wait for me.比爾來后，讓他等我。

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.我到了那里，就寫信給你。

4）在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如：

I hope they have a nice time next week.我希望他們下星期玩得開心。

Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.離開房間前，務必把窗戶關(guān) 了。

【8 用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來 】

下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現(xiàn)在進行時可以表示將來。例如：

I'm leaving tomorrow.明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你會在這兒呆到下周嗎？

【9 現(xiàn)在完成時 】

現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成：have（has）+過去分詞?！?0 比較一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時】

1）一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調(diào)動作；現(xiàn)在完成時為 過去發(fā)生的，強調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強調(diào)的是影響。

2）一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無 時間狀語。

一般過去時的時間狀語：yesterday, last week，...ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆為具 體的時間狀語。

現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語：

for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不確定的 時間狀語。

共同的時間狀語：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。

3）現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，動詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如

live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。

4）一般過去時常用的非持續(xù)性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等 例如：

I saw this film yesterday.（強調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了）

I have seen this film.（強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了）

Why did you get up so early?（強調(diào)起床的動作已發(fā)生過了）

Who hasn't handed in his paper?（強調(diào)有卷子未交，疑為不公平競爭）

He has been in the League for three years.（在團內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)）

He has been a League member for three years.（是團員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù)）

5）句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成

時，要用過去時。

（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.【11.比較since和for 】

Since 用來說明動作起始時間，for用來說明動作延續(xù)時間長度。例如： I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在這兒二十多年了。I have lived here since I was born.我從出生起就住在這兒了。注意：并非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時。

I worked here for more than twenty years.（我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。）I have worked here for many years.（現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。）

注意：用句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方法，很容易排除非延續(xù)動詞在有for/since結(jié)構(gòu)的完成時中的誤用。1）

（對）Tom has studied Russian for three years.= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, a nd is still studying it now.2）

（錯）Harry has got married for six years.= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.顯然，第二句不對，它應改

為 Harry got married six years ago.或 Harry has been married for six years.【12.since的四種用法】

1）since +過去一個時間點（如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點、1980, last month, half past six）。例如：

I have been here since 1989.1989起，我一直在這兒。

2）since +一段時間+ ago。例如：

I have been here since five months ago.我在這兒，已經(jīng)有五個月了。

3）since +從句。例如：

Great changes have taken place since you left.你走后，變化可大了。

Great changes have taken place since we were here.我們走后，變化可大了。

4）It is +一段時間+ since從句。例如：

It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.我考上研究生有兩年了。

【13.延續(xù)動詞與瞬間動詞】

1）用于完成時的區(qū)別

延續(xù)動詞表示經(jīng)驗、經(jīng)歷； 瞬間動詞表示行為的結(jié)果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。例 如：

He has completed the work.他已完成了那項工作。（表結(jié)果）

I've known him since then.我從那時起就認識他了。（表經(jīng)歷）

2）用于till / until從句的差異

延續(xù)動詞用于肯定句，表示“做......直到......” 瞬間動詞用于否定句，表示“到......，才......”。例如：

He didn't come back until ten o'clock.他到10 點才回來。

He slept until ten o'clock.他一直睡到10點。

典型例題

1.You don't need to describe her.I ___ her several times.A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet

答案B.首先本題后句強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times 告知為反復發(fā)生的動作，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時。

2.---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.---Oh, not at all.I ___ here only a few minutes.A.have been B.had been C.was D.will be

答案A.等待的動作由過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應用現(xiàn)在完成時。

【14.用一般過去時代替過去完成時】

1）兩個動作如按順序發(fā)生，又不強調(diào)先后，或用then，and，but 等連詞時，多用一般過去

時。例如：

When she saw the mouse，she screamed.她看到老鼠，就叫了起來。

My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.姑媽給了我一頂帽子，我把它丟了。）兩個動作相繼發(fā)生，可用一般過去時；如第一個動作需要若干時間完成，用過去完成時。例如：

When I heard the news, I was very excited.3）敘述歷史事實，可不用過去完成時，而只用一般過去時。例如：

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.【15.不用進行時的動詞】

1）表示事實狀態(tài)的動詞，如

have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例

如：I have two brothers.我有兩兄弟。

This house belongs to my sister.這房子是我姐的。

2）表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞，如 know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget , prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如：I need your help.我需要你的幫助。

He loves her very much.他愛她很深。

3）瞬間動詞，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如：

I accept your advice.我接受你的勸告。

4）系動詞，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如：

You seem a little tired.你看上去有點累。

【16.過去進行時】 1）概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態(tài)或動作。

2）過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個長動作延續(xù)的時候，另一個短動 作發(fā)生。

3）常用的時間狀語有

this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如：

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我兄弟騎車時摔了下來，受了 傷。

It was raining when they left the station.他們離開車站時，正下著雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我到達山頂時，陽光燦爛。

典型例題

1）Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.A.made B.is making C.was making D.makes

答案C.割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，“瑪麗在做 衣服時”提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進行時。

2）As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.A.read；was falling B.was reading； fell C.was reading； was falling D.read；fell

答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為“當......之時”。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進行；

一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為 “在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了?！本渲?的 fell（fall的過去時），是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。

【重點部分提要】 一.詞匯

⑴ 單詞

1.介詞：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1).in表示“在......中”，“在......內(nèi)”。例如： in our class 在我們班上 in my bag 在我的書包里 in the desk 在桌子里

in the classroom 在教室里

2).on 表示“在......上”。例如： on the wall 在墻上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上

3).under表示“在......下”。例如： under the tree 在樹下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下

4).behind表示“在......后面”。例如： behind the door 在門后 behind the tree 在樹后

5).near表示“在......附近”。例如： near the teacher's desk 在講桌附近near the bed 在床附近

6).at表示“在......處”。例如： at school 在學校 at home 在家

at the door 在門口

7).of 表示“......的”。例如：

a picture of our classroom 我們教室的一幅畫 a map of China 一張中國地圖

2.冠詞 a / an / the:

冠詞一般位于所限定的名詞前，用來署名名詞所指的人或事物。冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩 種。不定冠詞有兩個形式，即a和an。a用在以輔音音素開頭的詞前，如a book;an用在 以元音音素開頭的字母前，如an apple.a或an與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用，泛指某類人或某物中的一個。

This is a cat.這是一只貓。

It's an English book.這是一本英語書。His father is a worker.他的爸爸是個工人。

the既可以用在可數(shù)名詞前，也可以用在不可數(shù)名詞前，表示某個或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到過的人或事物。Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是誰呀？

------What can you see in the classroom?------I can see a bag.------Where's the bag?------It's on the desk.-------你能在教室里看到什么呀？------我能看見一個書包。------書包在哪呀？------在桌子上。

3.some和any

①在肯定句中用some.例如：

There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些書。Lucy has some good books露西有一些好書。

②在疑問句和否定句中用any。例如：

Is there any ink in your pen?你的鋼筆里有墨水嗎？

Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹嗎？ There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里沒有水。

⑵記住它們的特殊用法。

①some亦可用于表示盼望得到對方肯定的答復或表示建議、委婉請求的疑問句中，這一點 我們不久就會學到。例如：

Would you like to have some apples?你想吃蘋果嗎？

②any也可用于肯定句中，表示“任何的”。例如：

Any one of us can do this.我們當中任何一個都能做這個。

some 和any的用法是經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的考點，希望大家能準確地掌握它們的用法。

4.family family看作為一個整體時，意思是“家庭”，后面的謂語動詞be用單數(shù)形式 is ；如把family 看作為家庭成員時，應理解為復數(shù)，后面的謂語動詞be應用are。

My family is a big family.我的家庭是個大家庭。

My family are all at home now.我的家人現(xiàn)在都在家。

Family強調(diào)由家人組成的一個集體或強調(diào)這個集體中的成員。home指個人出生、被撫養(yǎng)長 大的環(huán)境和居住地點。house指“家”、“房屋”，側(cè)重居住的建筑本身。His family are all workers.他的家人都是工人。My home is in Beijing.我的家在北京。He isn't at home now.他現(xiàn)在不在家。

It's a picture of my family.這是一張我全家的照片。

5.little的用法

a little dog 一只小狗，a little boy 一個小男孩。little常用來修飾有生命的名詞。*但little還可表示否定意義，意為“少的”，加不可數(shù)名詞。There is little time.幾乎沒時間了。

There is little water in the cup.杯中水很少。

⑵ 詞組

on the desk 在桌子上 behind the chair 在椅子后 under the chair 在椅子下面

in her pencil-box 在她的鉛筆盒中 near the door 在門附近

a picture of a classroom 一個教室的圖片 look at the picture 看這張圖片 the teacher's desk 講桌 a map of China 一張中國地圖 family tree 家譜

have a seat 坐下，就坐 this way 這邊走

二.日常用語

1.Come and meet my family.2.Go and see.I think it's Li Lei.3.Glad to meet you.4.What can you see in the picture? I can see a clock / some books.5.Can you see an orange? Yes, I can./ No, I can't.6.Where's Shenzhen? It's near Hong Kong.7.Let me see.（口語）讓我想想看。see 在這是“明白、懂了”，不可譯作“看見”。例如：

8.Please have a seat.seat表示“座位”，是個名詞。have a seat表示“就坐”，也可以說take a seat, 和sit down 的意思相同。

三.語法

1.名詞所有格

名詞如要表示與后面名詞的所有關(guān)系，通常用名詞所有格的形式，意為“......的”。一般有以

下幾種形式：

（1）.一般情況下在詞尾加“'s”。例如： Kate's father Kate的爸爸

my mother's friend 我媽媽的朋友

（2）.如果復數(shù)名詞以s結(jié)尾，只加“'”。例如： Teachers' Day 教師節(jié)

The boys' game 男孩們的游戲

（3）.如果復數(shù)名詞不以s結(jié)尾，仍加“'s”。例如： Children's Day 兒童節(jié) Women's Day 婦女節(jié)

（4）.表示兩個或幾個共有時，所有格應加在后一個名詞上。例如： Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房間 Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸

動物和無生命事物的名詞的所有格一般不在詞尾加“'s”，而常常用介詞of的短語來表示。a map of China 一幅中國地圖

the name of her cat 她的貓的名字

a picture of my family 我的家庭的一張照片 the door of the bedroom 臥室的門

2.祈使句

祈使句主要用來表示說話人的請求、命令、建議、叮囑等意圖。祈使句一般不用主語，讀時 用降調(diào)。為使語氣委婉、禮貌，常在句首或句尾加please。在句尾時，please前多用逗號。

（1）.祈使句肯定形式的謂語動詞一律用動詞原形。Go and see.去看看。Come in, please.請進。（2）.祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。Don't look at your books.不要看書。

Don't play on the road.不要在馬路上玩。

3.There be 的句子結(jié)構(gòu)

There be是一個“存在”句型，表示“有”的意思，肯定句的形式為：There be + 名詞（單數(shù)或復數(shù)）+地點狀語或時間狀語。

be動詞單復數(shù)的確定，看be后邊第一個名詞，當所接主語為單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時，be動 詞形式為is；當所接主語為復數(shù)名詞時，be動詞為are；當be動詞后接兩個以上主語時，be動詞與最臨近主語保持數(shù)上的一致。意思為“某地有某人或某物”。如：

There is an eraser and two pens on the desk.桌子上有一塊橡皮和兩支鋼筆。There are two pens and an eraser on the desk.桌上有兩支鋼筆和一塊橡皮。

（1）there be的否定句，即在be的后面加上not。

否定形式為：There be + not +(any)+ 名詞+地點狀語。There is not any cat in the room.房間里沒貓。There aren't any books on the desk.桌子上沒書。

（2）there be句型的疑問句就是將be提到句首：Be there +(any)+名詞+地點狀語？肯定

回答：Yes, there is / are.否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't.---Is there a dog in the picture? 畫上有一只狗嗎？---Yes, there is.有。

---Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船嗎？---No, there aren't.沒有。

（3）特殊疑問句：How many...are there(+地點狀語)？“某地有多少人或物？”回答用 There be...There's one./ There are two / three / some...有時直接就用數(shù)字來回答。One./ Two...---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少學生？---There's only one./ There are nine.只有一個。/有九個。

（4）如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，用：How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 地點狀語？ How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水？ How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物？

【課題專練】

專題

一、英語構(gòu)詞法匯總及練習一.概念

英語的構(gòu)詞法主要有:合成法,轉(zhuǎn)化法,派生法,混成法,截短法和詞首字母縮略法.二.相關(guān)知識點精講 1.轉(zhuǎn)化法

英語中，有的名詞可作動詞，有的形容詞可作副詞或動詞，這種把一種詞性用作另一種 詞性而詞形不變的方法叫作轉(zhuǎn)化法。

1)動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞

很多動詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞，大多意思沒有多大的變化(如下①)；有時意思有一定變化(如 下②)；有的與一個動詞和不定冠詞構(gòu)成短語，表示一個動作(如下③)。例如：

①Let's go out for a walk.我們到外面去散散步吧。

②He is a man of strong build.他是一個體格健壯的漢子。

③Let's have a swim.咱們游泳吧。

2)名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞

很多表示物件(如下①)、身體部位(如下②)、某類人(如下③)的名詞可以用作動詞來表 示動作，某些抽象名詞(如下④)也可作動詞。例如：

①Did you book a seat on the plane?你訂好飛機座位了嗎?

②Please hand me the book.請把那本書遞給我。

③She nursed her husband back to health.她看護丈夫，使他恢復了健康。

④We lunched together.我們在一起吃了午餐。

3)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞

有少數(shù)形容詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。例如：

We will try our best to better our living conditions.我們要盡力改善我們的生 活狀況。

4)副詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞

有少數(shù)副詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。例如：

Murder will out.(諺語)惡事終必將敗露。

5)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞

表示顏色的形容詞?？赊D(zhuǎn)化為名詞(如下①)；某些形容詞如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等與the連用，表示一類人，作主語時，謂語用復數(shù)(如下②)。例如：

You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬禮中該穿黑色衣服。

The old in our village are living a happy life.我們村的老年人過著幸福的生活。2.派生法

在詞根前面加前綴或在詞根后面加后綴構(gòu)成一個與原單詞意義相近或截然相反的新詞 叫作派生法。

1)前綴

除少數(shù)前綴外，前綴一般改變單詞的意義，不改變詞性；后綴一般改變詞類，而不引起 詞義的變化。

(1)表示否定意義的前綴常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等，在單詞的前面加這類前綴常構(gòu)成與該詞意義相反的新詞。例如：

appear出現(xiàn)→disappear消失

correct正確的→incorrect不正確的 lead帶領→mislead領錯

stop停下→non-stop不停

(2)表示其他意義的前綴常用的有a-(多構(gòu)成表語形容詞), anti-(反對；抵抗), auto-(自動), co-(共同), en-(使), inter-(互相), re-(再；又), sub-(下面的；次；小), tele-(強調(diào)距離)等。例如：

alone單獨的antigas防毒氣的 autochart自動圖表

cooperate合作enjoy使高興

internet互聯(lián)網(wǎng)reuse再用 subway地鐵telephone電話 2)后綴

英語單詞不僅可以通過加前綴構(gòu)成新詞，也可加后綴構(gòu)成新詞。后綴通常會改變單詞的

詞性，構(gòu)成意義相近的其他詞性；少數(shù)后綴還會改變詞義，變?yōu)榕c原來詞義相反的新詞。

(1)構(gòu)成名詞的后綴常用的有-ence，-(e)r/-or(從事某事的人),-ese(某地人)，-ess(雌性)，-ful(一......)，-ian(精通......的人)，-ist(專業(yè)人員)，-ment(性質(zhì)；狀態(tài))，-ness(性質(zhì)；狀態(tài))，-tion(動作；過程)等。例如：

differ不同于→difference區(qū)別

write寫→writer作家

Japan日本→Japanese日本人

act表演→actress女演員

mouth口→mouthful一口

music音樂→musician音樂家

(2)構(gòu)成動詞的后綴常用的有-(e)n(多用于形容詞之后)，-fy(使......化)，-ize(使......成為)。例如：

wide→widen加寬

beauty→beautify美化

pure→purify提純

real→realize意識到 organ→organize組織

(3)構(gòu)成形容詞的后綴常用的有-al，-able(有能力的)，-(a)n(某國人的)，-en(多用于表示材料的名詞后)，-ern(方向 的)，-ese(某國人的)，-ful，-(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less(表示否定)，-like(像......的)，-ly，-ous，-some，-y(表示天氣)等。例如：

nature自然→natural自然的

reason道理→reasonable有道理的 America美國→American美國的 China中國→Chinese中國人的 gold金子→golden金的 east東→eastern東方的

child孩子→childish孩子氣的

snow雪→snowy雪的

(4)構(gòu)成副詞的常用后綴有-ly(主要用于形容詞之后表示方式或程度)，-ward(s)(主 要用于表示方位的詞之后表示方向)。例如：

angry生氣的→angrily生氣地

to到→towards朝......，向......east東方→eastward向東

(5)構(gòu)成數(shù)詞的后綴有-teen(十幾)，-ty(幾十)，-th(構(gòu)成序數(shù)詞)。例如：

six六→sixteen十六→sixteenth第十六

four四→forty四十→fortieth第四十 3.合成法

1)合成名詞

構(gòu)成方式例詞

名詞＋名詞weekend周末 名詞＋動詞daybreak黎明

名詞＋動名詞handwriting書法

名詞＋及物動詞＋er／or pain-killer止痛藥

名詞＋介詞＋名詞editor-in-chief總編輯

代詞＋名詞she-wolf母狼

動詞＋名詞typewriter打字機

動名詞＋名詞reading-room閱覽室

現(xiàn)在分詞＋名詞flying-fish飛魚

形容詞＋名詞gentleman紳士

副詞＋動詞outbreak爆發(fā)

介詞＋名詞afternoon下午

2)合成形容詞

名詞＋形容詞snow-white雪白的

名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞English-speaking講英語的 名詞＋to＋名詞face-to-face面對面的 名詞＋過去分詞man-made人造的

數(shù)詞＋名詞one-way單行的

數(shù)詞＋名詞＋形容詞two-year-old兩歲的 數(shù)詞＋名詞＋ed five-storeyed五層的 動詞＋副詞see-through透明的 形容詞＋名詞high-class高級的

形容詞＋名詞＋ed noble-minded高尚的

形容詞＋形容詞light-blue淺藍色的

形容詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞good-looking相貌好看的 副詞＋形容詞ever-green常青的

副詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working勤勞的 副詞＋過去分詞well-known著名的 副詞＋名詞fast-food專門提供快餐服務的 介詞＋名詞downhill下坡的 3)合成動詞

名詞＋動詞sleep-walk夢游

形容詞＋動詞white-wash粉刷

副詞＋動詞overthrow推翻

4)合成副詞

形容詞＋名詞hotfoot匆忙地

形容詞＋副詞everywhere到處

副詞＋副詞however盡管如此

介詞＋名詞beforehand事先

介詞＋副詞forever永遠

5)合成代詞

代詞賓格＋self herself她自己

物主代詞＋self myself我自己

形容詞＋名詞anything任何東西 6)合成介詞

副詞＋名詞inside在......里面 介詞＋副詞within在......之內(nèi)

副詞＋介詞into進入 4.截短法(縮略法)

截短法，即將單詞縮寫，詞義和詞性保持不變，主要有截頭、去尾、截頭去尾等形式。

1)截頭

telephone→phone

aeroplane→plane

omnibus→bus

2)去尾

mathematics→maths

co-operate→co-op

examination→exam

kilogram→kilo

laboratory→lab

taxicab→taxi

3)截頭去尾

influenza→flu

refrigerator→fridge

prescription→script 5.混合法(混成法)

混合法，即將兩個詞混合或各取一部分緊縮而成一個新詞。后半部分表示主體；前半部 分表示屬性。

news broadcast→newscast新聞廣播

television broadcast→telecast電視播送

smoke and fog→smog煙霧

helicopter airport→heliport直升飛機場

6.首尾字母縮略法

首尾字母縮略法，即用單詞首尾字母組成一個新詞。讀音主要有兩種形式，即各字母分 別讀音；作為一個單詞讀音。

very important person→VIP(讀字母音)要人；大人物

television→TV(讀字母音)電視

Testing of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL托福

Nato 三.鞏固練習

1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A.care B.careful C.careless D.carelessness

2.The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai.A.die B.dead C.died D.death

3.The child looked________at his brother who was badly wounded.A.sadly B.sadness C.sadly D.sad 4.He is an expert at chemistry.We all call him a ________.A.chemistry B.chemical C.chemist D.physician

5.The three-________chair isn't suitable for a young child.He may fall off.A.legging B.legged C.legs D.leged

6.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world.A.lead B.leader C.leading D.leadership

7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________about at his classmates.A.proud B.proudly C.pride D.pridely

8.To everyone's ________，the girl finished the job quite well.A.satisfied B.satisfactory

C.satisfying D.satisfaction

9.-What are you doing here?

-Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English.-You can write________passage in English?

A.600 words；a 600-words

B.600-word；a 600-words

C.600 words；a 600-word

D.600 words；a 600-words 10.No one should enter the spot without the________of the police.A.permit B.permission C.permitting D.permittence

11.You must come with us to the police ________.Our head is waiting for you.A.headquarters B.headline

C.headmaster D.headache

12.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it ________.A.intend B.intention

C.intentionally D.intentional

13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________smile.A.practice B.practise

C.practical D.practiced

14.The________ordered him to pay a $100 fine.A.judger B.judgment

C.judge D.judgement

15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War?

A.lately B.latest

C.later D.latter

16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________.A.longer B.length

C.long D.longing

17.To my ________，I passed the exam easily.A.joy B.joyful

C.joyless D.joyness 18.Canada is mainly an________country.A.English-speaking B.speak-English C.spoken-English D.English-spoken

19.How________ he is!He is always acting________.He is really a ________.A.foolish；foolishly；fool

B.fool；foolish；fool

C.foolish；fool；fool

D.foolishly；foolish；fool

20.The necklace that she lost is very expensive.It's of great ________.A.valuable B.value

C.valueless D.unvaluable

21.There were________fish in the river in South America.A.in danger B.danger

C.dangerous D.dangerless

22.The letter “b” in the word “doubt” is________.A.sound B.silent

C.silence D.sounded

23.The child looked at me________.A.stranger B.strangely

C.strange D.strangeless 24.The black people were against slavery and fought for their________bravely.A.free B.freely C.freedom D.frees

25.What you said sounded________ but in fact it was untrue.A.reasonable B.reasonful

C.reasonless D.unreason

26.We have to learn________technology from other countries.A.advance B.advancing

C.advantage D.advanced

27.The children live in a village ________.They come here almost every day.A.nearby B.near

C.nearly D.near by

28.Mr Black is an ________in the army，not an________in the government.You can not easily find him in his________.A.official；officer；office

B.officer；office；official

C.official；official；official

D.officer；official；office

29.You'd better give up smoking if you want to keep ________.A.health B.healthy

C.healthily D.healthier 30.________ speaking，I didn't do it on purpose.A.Honestly B.Honest C.Honesty D.Dishonest [參考答案]1-5 BDACB 6-10 CBDCB 11-15 ACDCB 16-20 BAAAB

專題

二、英語語法匯總及練習

動詞的時態(tài): 初中英語的動詞時態(tài)主要有五種:一般現(xiàn)在時,一般過去時,一般將來時,現(xiàn)在進行時,現(xiàn)在完 成時.1.一般現(xiàn)時的用法：主要由動詞原形表示，但在第三人稱單數(shù)時要在詞尾加-s。否定句 和疑問句要用助動詞do, does.A.經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如The trees get green in spring.。

B現(xiàn)在特征或狀態(tài)。如The Changjiang River is the longest in our country.He doesn` t work in the factory.C.普遍真理。如The sun rises in the east.Five and two in seven.2現(xiàn)在進行時： 現(xiàn)在進行時是由助動詞be 的人稱形式加現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成。主要表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。如：

Where are they swimming? They are swimming in the river.有些動詞的現(xiàn)在進行時表示近期按計劃或安排要進行的動作。這些動詞是：go ,come, leave ,start ,arrive , return ,work sleep,stay,play,do,have ,wear.....She is coming to see me tomorrow.3． 一般將來時： 主要表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況。

由助動詞shall 或will加動詞原形構(gòu)成。/ be going to 加動詞原形構(gòu)成 It won't rain tonight.I shall meet you at the station.He is going to have a swim tomorrow.4.一般過去時：由動詞的過去式表示。

表示在過去某個時刻發(fā)生的動作或情況。包括過去習慣性動作。如；

Did you knock at the door just now? / He finished reading the book yesterday.5.現(xiàn)在完成時：由have的人稱形式加過去分詞構(gòu)成 A 到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動作。如：

I have lent my book to Ann.我把書借給了安。

He has never seen a real tiger.他從來沒有見過真老虎。B、從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。如：

She has lived here since 1991.從一九九一年起她就住在這里。時 態(tài) 常用的時間副詞

一般現(xiàn)在

時 every(year,otherday ,twodays,week,month...),often ,always,usually ,som etimes, in the morning,in summer,on Sunday 一般過去時 last week, just now,yesterday, yeaterday morning ,the day before yesterday,then, at that moment,(a few days)ago, 一般將來時 tomorrow, next month, in two days, 現(xiàn)在進行時 now 現(xiàn)在完成時 since ,for（one year....）, just, already, yet ,in the last five years,...before.so far

被動語態(tài)：

被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。Be有人 稱，數(shù)量和時態(tài)變化。

一般現(xiàn)在時：be(is am are)+及物動詞的過去分詞 一般過去時：be(was were)+ 及物動詞的過去分詞

情態(tài)動詞的過去分詞：情態(tài)動詞+be +及物動詞的過去分詞

用動詞的適當時態(tài)填空：

1.Light_________(travel)faster than sound.He _______(get)up early in the morning 2.John usually ________(go)home on Sunday morning.3.Cats ________(like)fish while dogs _______(like).4.He always__________(sleep)with his windows open.5.One tree ___________(not make)a wood.Two and three_______(be)five.6.I ______(say)you are wrong.Everything _______(go)well in spring.7.He_________(not wok)on Sundays.He _______(take)a walk after supper.8.Lucy ________(prefer)coffee to milk.Lily ________(hate)traveling.9.Children _______(love)to play games.The boy _____(look)like his mother.10.The sun _______(rise)in the east and ______(go)down in the west.11.Where ______you ______(go)just now? I _______(go)to the library.12.He______(live)in China last year, but he ________(live)in Japan now.He _________(live)there for three months.He ________(live)there by the end of this year.13.He _______(pay)ten yuan for his new book yesterday.It ______(cost)him so little.14.What _____you _____(wear)yesterday? I _______(wear)a blue skirt.15.He ______(feel)very tired last night ,he ____(fall)asleep very quickly.16.He______(say)he ______(will)write to me as soon as he came home.17.He ______(take)his temperature half an hour ago.18.We ________(win)the league match last week, we ______(be)the winners.19.She ______(keep)me waiting for an hour last night.She ______(be)late.20.He ______(find)it difficult to get to sleep.because he _______(be)too glad.21.He ________(read)a book when I ______(see)her.22.Great changes _______(happen)in the village last year.23.He ____(drive)to Shanghai last week, he ________(choose)many presents for his family.24.Just now ,he ______(mistake)me for Lucy.25.What ______you _____(do)now ? I ________(look)for my pen.26.Look ,they ______(read)over there，others _______(dance)under the tall tree.27.Listen ,someone___________(sing)English songs next room.28.It's five o'clock..I________(do)my homework, My brother __________(play)games , my mother _________(cook)supper, my father ________(mend)his car in the garden.29.Tom __________(fly)kites with his classmates on the hill now.30.Who ____________(wash)clothes over there ? It's my mother.31.______you _______(look)for a ball? Yes.I am.32.He _______always _______(try)out his new ideas.33.The world population __________(grow)faster and faster.34.What _______Lucy _________(wear)today ? She _______(wear)a dark blue skirt.35.______you _______(make)a cake ? No.I__________(make)dumplings.36.It________(rain)hard now.If it_________(not stop),we________(not go)to the park.37.The children ________(go)the park next week.They ________(have)a good time there.38.He with his father _________(play)football tomorrow.39.My friend _________(come)to see me in two days.40.What ______you _______(do)this Sunday ? Nothing much.______we ______(go)shopping? That's a good idea.When ______we ______(meet)? 41.There __________(be)a football match the day after tomorrow.42.Jim __________(have)a swim this evening.After that ,he ________(do)his homework.43.ClassThree __________(not have)any classes next week.44.I________(buy)a skirt for my daughter next month.45._______you_______(start)your homework? Yes, but I_________(not finish)it yet.46.What ________you________(do)with the library book? I_____just _______(return)it.47.Excuse me.I ________(lose)my cat._____you ______(see)it anywhere? 48.If I _______(lose)the book, I must pay for it.49.I_______(come)to get my pan back..______you _______(finish)using it? Not yet.50._____you ever _______(milk)a cow? No, never.51.How long _____you ______(be)at this school ? For two years.52.He ________(teach)in this school for ten years.I_________(live)here since last year.53.More than two days ________(pass)since we left.54._______you ______(take)her temperature? Yes, I have.I_______(have)a cold for a week.55._______you _______(sleep)well? Yes, I ______(sleep)well all night.56．I_______ never________(hear)of that before.56.Chinese _________(speak)by the largest people in the world.57.This bike _______(make)in Shanghai.Bananas_________(grow)in the south of China.58.Metal _________(use)for making machines.59.Sheep _________(keep)farmers for producing wool and mutton.60.The watch _________(buy)two years ago.It _________(buy)for two years.61.The bike _________(use)for ten years.It ________(break)down for two months.62.______you ______(wear)it a lot ? Yes.It _______(wear)for ten years.63.The young tree must __________(tie)to the stick.64.Trees should __________(plant)in spring.65.Silk ________(produce)in Suzhou.66.Some of the things ________(show)in the museum now.67.The PRC _________(found)on October 1,1949.68.The lost boy _______(find)yesterday.69.The book _________(write)in English It can __________(read)by many people.70.Old people should ___________(speak)to politely.71.The teacher should ____________(listen)to carefully.72.She _________(surprise)at the news just now.73.She __________(see)to run into the room by me five minutes ago.74.The ground _________(cover)with snow in winter.75.Fruit should __________(harvest)at the right time.76.There are twenty more trees to___________(plant).77.He ________(mistake)for Jim by the man yesterday.78.Great changes_________(happen)in the village since 1985.79.The cheapest pen ________(choose)by him at last.80.The car must ___________(drive)slowly by old men.綜合練習：

1.The girl _____(draw)a co on the blackboard with chalk now.2.When_____ you ______(lose)the book? 3.How many times ______your uncle ____(be)to Dalian ? Twice 4.The girl always _______(prefer)Chinese to maths.5.The girl _______(learn)to milk since last year.6.-What`s the girl crying for?---She ______(cut)her finger.7.Stop ______.(guess).Mrs Hu has told me who won the high jump.8.The dog often ____(follow)the young man everywhere.9.Can you _______(guess)it isn`t his ? 0.Hurry up, or you(catch)______ the train.11.Rechard ________(give)you a call as soon as you comes back.12.The little boy hurt his head.He _____(need)an operation at once.13.Don`t worry.We _______(send)for the policemen.14.My radio _______(break).I can`t listen to it.15.Robert lay quietly while the doctors ________(operate)on him.16.Don`t worry.They_______(take)good care of your sin if you go to save the soldiers.17.Most people _______(hate)the bad weather.18.The spy ________(cover)the blanks while the policemen came in.19.Don`t go to see him.He _________(change)his mind.20.Jim ______(make)a few friends since he came to China.21.Don`t worry.The foreign children _______(get)on well on well with their classmates.22.Who _______(wear)the sweater outside last night? 23.Look.You brother ________(fight)with John.24._______ the door ______ ?(lock)25.Glasses _________(make)of glass.26.Silk _______(sell)in some shops in the town..27.The factory _________(produce)machines.28.Do you know the Frenchman/ Yes , I__________(know)him for two years.29.The farmers often _________(sell)their vegetables in the market.30.How many televisions ___________(make)in the factory last week? 31.Athermos is used for _________(keep)the water hot.32.Can the motorbike _________?(ride)33.The old woman __________(lock)the box when she goes out.34.Don't be afraid.The dog must _________(tie)to the tree.35.All the new words __________(not look)up in the dictionary yet.36.How many babies __________(bear)in the world every year“ 37.The woman _______(have)ababy this morning.38.The shoes in your size __________(sell)out.39.Jack fell over while he ______(pass0 the stick on to the second runner.40.Sorry , I kept you ________(wait)so long.41.The boy is always made ________(wash)his face in the morning.42.What _______(be)the population in the world by the end of this century? 43.Mr Brown has stopped smoking since he ________(operate)on ? 44.Tom said he ______(be)a teacher when he grew up.45.His jacket _______(wear)out.He wants to buy a new one.46.The woman _______(seem)always angry.47.Will you go to see the film? Thanks, but _________(see)it ? 48.Miss Li ________(be)Washington for one and a half years.49.When will you finish ______the book ?(write)50.I ______(leave)my pen in the bedroom.I have to write with a pencil.51.Stop talking.The headmaster _________(come).52.The book can ________(keep)for two weeks.53.After supper she went on _________(do)her homework.54.It was a cold night.An old man _______(lie)under a chair in the park.55.Doctors _________(need)in every part of the world.56.She ______(say)she works in an office.57.His father ________(die)for two months.58.By the end of this month , Bill ________(catch)up with Bruce.59.Why _______you always ______(follow)me? 60.The girl _______(hurry)off just now.61.How much ________you _______(spend)on the next travel ? 62.Mr Brown _______(come)in ten minutes 63.All the children ________(take)good care of in the school.64.I ________(go)with you if you agree with me.65.What _______(happen)at the corner of the street now? 66.The young man was very lazy , so he ________(send)away.67.The woman ________(not hear)from her husband since last April.68.The boy was sad because his team _______(beat).69.Two of the players _____(hurt)while playing football.70.Please go and see a film with me when you ______(finish)71.How soon _____ you ______(go)again to Chengdu? 72.Could you tell me what _______(grow)in the South ? 73.His little sister ______ still _____(sleep)when he ______(get)up yesterday.74.I`ll pass the message on to Luny as soon as I ________(see)her next week.75.Mum _______(have)supper at six every evening.76.What ______ this _____(call)in English ? 77.Do you feel like ______(walk)to the corner with me ? 78.Each of the pupils _______ an hour to finish the paper yesterday.(give)79.Your uncle _____ under the tree , isn`t he ?(lie)80.He asked me if it _______(rain)the next morning.81.You`d better _______(go)to see a doctor.82.We ______(learn)over ten English songs by the end of last term.83.The team ______(choose)yesterday afternoon.84.He doesn`t let us ________(draw)on the wall.85.I like _______(read)in bed.86.It ______(get)late , I must go home.87.Neither of us _______(have)much time.88.It gets too hot for _______(climb)89.His mother ______(be)a nurse for nearly ten years.90.Be quite!The baby ______(sleep).91.A new bridge _______(build)in the park last year.92.Lucy ______(do)her home work.You`d better _____(turn)off the TV set.93.I _____(see)him yesterday.94.Her sister ______(learn)to draw since she was four.95.A woman _______(see)go into the boy`s room.96.I _______(call)you as soon as I get to Beijing.97.I don`t know when she ______(return),but when she _____(return).98.If there ______(be)no water ,there _____(be)no living things on the earth.99.I ______(receive)a letter yesterday.It(write)by my brother.He _______(stay)in Hainan.He _____(be)there for nearly a year.In his letter , he _____(say)he _____(return)to Xuzhou the next month.If he _________(come)back ,he ______(leave).And a new theatre _____(build)near our home.It _____(finish)in two weeks.100.My friend Li _______(get)a watch.He _______(have)it for two years.It _____(make)in a town.He _______(buy)it in a street market and ______(wear)it to school almost every day.But he ________(like)it.It _______(have)often ______(break)down.He would like a better one.Next time he ______(buy)one from a shop.賓語從句：賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語。由下列詞引導，1.由 that 引導（that在口語中可省略）

He said(that)he would like to see the headmaster.She said(that)she would leave a message on his desk.He was afraid that he would forget his Chinese.2.接連接代詞或連接副詞引導.(what.who.which.whose /where, when ,how......).Do you know what time the train leaves? Can you tell me which class you are in ? I wanted to know where we should show our tickets.3.whether 或if 引導

Lily wanted to know if it would rain the next day.She asked if they would go to the park this Sunday.*在選擇疑問句中，或與or not 連用時，必須用whether而不能用if。變賓語從句需要注意以下幾點：

a． 時態(tài)變化： 主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可以是任何時態(tài)

主句是過去時，從句必須是過去時態(tài)的一種

主句是將來時，從句必須是一般現(xiàn)在時。B．人稱變化：不常用 如：He asked me.”Are you a teacher？“ He asked me if I was a teacher。C．語序變化：Where is Mike ？ Do you know？ Do you know where Mike is ？ Practise ：

1． He said.The boy is a clever boy.2． He is sure.His team can beat them 3． He was afraid.It will be windy tomorrow.4． He said.The lost book was founded.5． He hopes....He will be able to pass the exam.6． He asked.....When will the bus arrive？ 7． Mother asked her son....Whose pen are you using? 8． The children said.....we enjoy ourselves very much.9． The boy asked me.....Have you heard any noise from outside ? 10.Do you know....Which way must we take to ? 11.I don't know.....Why is he late for the meeting? 12.Do you remember...When did he die? 13.Nobody knows...When will he come back? 14.Do you know...What are they looking for? 15.He asked me...How long does it take to walk to school? 16.Father asked me...What is wrong with you ? 17.I didn't know...He is going to have a boy.18.They never asked...Will it be a boy or a girl ? 19.He didn't know...population is a big problem.20.I thought...He will come back soon.21.He asked me...Which TV programme will you watch ? 22.I don't know...Will it grow fast? 23.Lily asked...Can the man help them 24.Mother asked Do they have a cheaper one? 25.She asked Lucy...Do you need some more tea ? 26.The teacher asked us...Do you have any questions ? 27.He asked...What did Lucy say ? 28.She didn't know...Who was in the room ? 29.They wanted know...What is in the stockings? 30.He asked...What is his present? 31.He asked...Did Jim have a good journey home? 32.He wanted to know...Was it warm in Moscow ? 33.He asked...Where is Jack? 34.He wanted to know...What has happened? 35.He asked...Is anybody hurt ? 時間狀語從句：常用下列詞語 when、after、before、as soon as、(not)until、since 關(guān)于主、從句的時態(tài)關(guān)系與賓語從句一致

1.I was doing my homework when he came in.2.I will write to you as soon as I get there.3.I will finish the cooking before my mother comes back.4.I didn`t go to bed until my mother returned home 條件狀語從句： 1.We won`t go to the park if it rains tomorrow.2.If you have lost the book , you must pay for it.原因狀語從句：常用下列詞語 because , for , as , so 1.I am late because I missed the train.2.He was lazy so he didn`t pass the exam.綜合練習：用適當?shù)脑~填空

1.You can not go to the classroom _____ they are having a lesson.2.______ they arrived at the theatre, the play had already begun.3.Tom speaks English ____ well ____ an Englishman.4._______ I was walking in the park , I met Tom 5._______ I had done my homework , I went home.6.______ she got home ,she began to wash her clothes.7.Tom`s mother had been a teacher _____ she was twenty.8.I waited ______ he had finished his work.9.You will study _______ you study hard.10.______ he has time ,he will come and see us in Changchun.11.I don`t like winter there ____ it is very cold.【中考沖刺英語課題專練】（共19講）

【第1講：名詞】

名詞當然是大家都很熟悉的了，我們吃的food，喝的drinks，穿的clothes 都是名詞。It is easy, right? 但是你可能被名詞的單復數(shù)變化、名詞作定語以及名詞所有格等問題搞得糊里糊涂 的，到底該怎么用呢？OK,follow me。

First, 名詞復數(shù)的特殊變化。

普通名詞的復數(shù)我們知道是直接加-s或-es，可是偏偏有一些名詞不聽話，變化不規(guī)則。這些小調(diào)皮是：

a.class, box, watch, brush等詞以 s, x, ch, sh, 結(jié)尾，復數(shù)要加-es；

b.story, factory 等以”輔音字母+y“結(jié)尾的詞復數(shù)要先將-y 變成-i再加-es；

c.knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe結(jié)尾的詞一般先將-f或-fe變?yōu)?v, 再加-es；

d.以-o結(jié)尾的名詞，一般來說，末尾是”元音字母+o“ 的詞加-s，我們學過的有radio,zoo。

末尾是”輔音字母+o“的詞，變復數(shù)加-es。如：tomato, hero, potato，當然其中的piano 和photo，又是一個例外，他們的結(jié)尾只能加-s。

e.child（children）, foot（feet）, tooth（teeth）, mouse（mice）, man（men）, woman（women）等詞的復數(shù)變化全不遵循規(guī)則。

注意：與 man 和 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復數(shù)形式也是-men 和-women。如：an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成詞，故復數(shù)形式為 Germans； f.deer，sheep等詞更是懶得可以，竟然單復數(shù)同形。好記好記。people，police，cattle 等

詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實為復數(shù)，所以它們的謂語當然也是復數(shù)形式，這就是集體名詞。the English，the French，the Chinese等名詞表示國民總稱時，也作復數(shù)用。

注意：maths，politics，physics等學科名詞,雖然以-s結(jié)尾，仍為不可數(shù)名詞。還有theUnited States(美國），the United Nations（聯(lián)合國）等應視為單數(shù)。

別奇怪，名詞有時也可以作定語的。它作定語時一般用單數(shù)，但也有以下例外。

a.man, woman等作定語時，它的單復數(shù)以其所修飾的名詞的單復數(shù)而定。如：men workers，women teachers。

b.數(shù)詞+名詞作定語時，這個名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式,中間加連字符。如：a ten-mile walk 十里路，two-hundred trees 兩百棵樹。

哇！這些問題好復雜，我好想輕松一下。那我們就輕輕松松地面對名詞所有格問題。

這里面內(nèi)容可謂少之又少，可也不能小視呦。名詞所有格：

表示”......的“通常是在名詞的后面加-s，如：Children's day，father's shoes。但以-s結(jié)尾的

名詞因為已經(jīng)有s了，只需加 ' 就OK了。如果兩個名詞并列，并且分別有's，.則表示”分 別有“。.如：John's and Mary's room（約翰和瑪麗各有一間，共兩間）；兩個名詞并列，只有

一個's，則表示”共有“。如：John and Mary's room（約翰和瑪麗共有一間）。還有些無生命名詞的所屬要用介詞of來幫助一下，如：a map of China，the end of this term。

好，名詞部分我們已經(jīng)學完，It's a piece of cake? 接下來到了我們趁熱打鐵的時間了，Are you ready?

練習：

1.All the _____teachers and______students are having a meeting there.A.women...girls B.women...girl

C.woman...girls D.woman...girl 2.Mr Black is a friend of _________.A.Jack's aunt's B.Jack's aunt C.Jack aunt's D.aunt's of Jack

3.This toy was made by a ____ boy.A.ten-year-old B.ten-years-old C.ten-year-older D.ten-years-older 4.The farmer raised ten _________.A.sheeps B.deers C.horse D.cows 5.She looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as_________.A.her grandmother B.her grandmother's C.her grandmothers' D.that of her grandmother 6.We have moved into a ________.A.two-storey house B.house of two storey C.two-storeys house D.two storeys house 7.The ______ was too much for the child to carry.A.box's steel B.box of a steel C.steel box

D.box of the steel 8.We'll give our English teacher a card for _________.A.the Teacher's Day B.Teacher's Day C.a Teacher's Day D.Teachers' Day 9.Li Ping met an old friend of _______on a train yesterday.A.he B.him C.his D.her 10._________are big and bright.A.The classroom window

B.The window of the classroom C.The windows of the classroom D.The classroom's windows

實戰(zhàn)：

1.Don't worry.Your son will come back in ______hour.A.a B.an C.the D./ 2.This nice blouse isn't mine.It's ______.A.you B.your C.Lucy D.yours 3.What's ” potato“ in Chinese? －It's _____.A.香蕉

B.大白菜

C.西紅柿

D.土豆

4.The ninth month of a year is _______.A.December B.November C.September D.October 5.A: Must I leave now?

B: No, you _______.A.needn't B.mustnt

C.don't D.won't 6.We have a history lesson ______Wednesday afternoon.A.on B.of C.at D.to 7.Suan has made quite ______friends since she came to China.A.few B.a few C.little D.a little 8.A: Have you ever ______to the West Lake?

B: Yes, I ______there last winter.A.gone, went B.been, went C.gone , have been D.been, have 9.Do you ________English? A.tell

B.say C.talk D.speak 10.A: May I _______your ruler?

B: OK, I'm glad to _______it to you.A.lend, borrow B.lend, lend C.borrow , lend D.borrow, borrow 11.We'll go to the museum if it _______tomorrow.A.can't rain B.won't rain C.don't rain D.doesn't rian 12.Do you know ________? A.where does he study B.he studies where C.where he studies D.he where studies 13.A: _______do you go to see your grandparents?

B: Once a month A.How often B.How long C.how much

D.how many 14.A: Would you like another cup of orange? B: ______I'm full.A.No, thanks B.Yes, please.C.Here it is.D.I don't like.15.You must be tired.Why not ________a rest? A.to stop to have B.stop having C.stop to have D.to stop having

【第2講：代詞】

我們剛剛講完了名詞，現(xiàn)在再來看看名詞的brother-代詞。它與名詞的作用其實很相似，所擔當?shù)木渲谐煞忠蚕嗖畈欢?。但也別小看代詞呀！它還有很多的”小個性“呢！只要抓 住它的幾個”小脾氣“，那么你就可以牢牢地掌握它了。

代詞中第一個”小個性“就是物主代詞。像my和mine這兩個小冤家總是讓人分不清 誰是誰。但你只要記住它們最重要的區(qū)別-my的后面一定要接名詞，不可以單獨出現(xiàn)，只 能做定語，如：my father；而 mine則是名詞性，只能單獨出現(xiàn)，在句中做主語和表語。如： Mine is green.It's mine.記住這兩個句子，凡是名詞性物主代詞（yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs）就都可以放在mine的位置上了。這樣，通過它們出現(xiàn)的位置不同，我們就可以把它 們區(qū)別開了。

代詞的第二個”羅嗦“就是它有一個小跟班－self(selves)-反身代詞，也就是表示”自 己、親自“的意思。關(guān)于反身代詞，需要注意的是她不能單獨做主語，但可以放在人稱代詞 后面，做同位語。

如：Marry herself said so.瑪麗她自己這么說的。（不能說Herself said so.）下面我給你開點小灶，單獨講一講須”特特“注意的地方。

Of+名詞性物主代詞：of +物主代詞構(gòu)成雙重所有格。公式為：a（an, this, that）+名詞

+of +名詞性物主代詞。牢記公式，舉一反三。因為物主代詞不可與 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, no, each,every, such, another等詞一起前置，修飾一個名詞，而必須用雙重所有格。

如： a friend of mine（我的一個朋友），each brother of his（他的每一個兄弟）.some, any的用法：我們都知道some用于肯定句中，而any則用于否定句和疑問句中。所 以somebody，someone也用于肯定句中，而anybody、anyone則用于否定和疑問句中。

注意：在Would youlike some coffee?（要來點咖啡嗎？）這樣的肯定疑問句中，說話人

認為對方的答案會是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答時，用some而不用any。

every 和each的用法：every 強調(diào)全體的概念，指三個以上的人或物(含三個)，不可單 獨使用；each強調(diào)個體概念。指兩個以上的人或物(含兩個)，可單獨使用.。Every student in our school works hard.（我們學校的學生都很用功。）Each student may have one book..（每

個學生都可有一本書。）

both, either, neither的用法：

both意為”兩者全都“，與復數(shù)連用。either意為”兩者中間的任何一個“，neither 表示 ”兩者之間一個也不是“，與單數(shù)連用。如：Both of the them come from London。他們兩人 都是倫敦人。You may take either with you。兩個中間你隨便帶哪個都行。Neither is correct。兩個都不對。

Few，a few和little，a little的用法：

Few，a few用來代替和修飾可數(shù)名詞，little，a little用來代替和修飾不可數(shù)名詞;a few 和a little 著重肯定意思，相當于漢語”有幾個“，”有一點兒“；few和little 著重否定意思，相當于漢語 ”沒有幾個“，”沒有多少“

OK，代詞部分我們已經(jīng)學完，It's a piece of cake? 接下來到了我們趁熱打鐵的時間了，Are you ready?

練習：

1.We had plenty of paper but______ink.A.a few B.few C.not many D.not much 2.Learning a foreign language is especially difficult for those who have have never learned ______before.A.one B.it C.them D.that 3.We're very busy because we've so ______books to read and so _______homework to do every day.A.much...many B.many...much C.many...a lot D.a lot...much 4.I thought ______of the matter but still couldn't find out the reason.A.every B.both C.nothing

D.everything 5.My car is not so expensive as ________.A.him B.he's C.he D.his 6.Lily and Lucy have arrived，but _______students aren't here yet.A.other B.others C.the other D.the others 7.There are high buildings on ______side of the street.A.both B.every C.any D.either 8.－What do you usually have for breakfast?

－______eggs and ______milk.A Little...a few B.A little...a little

C.A few...a little D.A few...a few 9.______ is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.A.Something B.Anything C.Nothing D.Everything 10.Is this story the same as ______in that book? A.the one B.what C.that D.it

實戰(zhàn)：

1.There is _________old woman in the car.A.不填

B.the C.a D.an 2.We often go to the park _______Sundays.A.on B.in

C.at D.from 3.My book ________on the desk.A.is B.am C.are D.be 4.Which language is ________, English, French or Chinese? A.difficult B.the difficult C.more difficult D.the most difficult 5.－________book is this?

－It's Kate's.A.when B.Why C.Where D.whose 6.－Can you write a letter in English?

－No, I _____.A.may not B.mustn't C.can't D.needn't 7.I ________my homework when Mike came last night.A.do B.was doing C.am doing D.have done 8.He began to ________English three years ago.A.learn B.learns C.learned D.learning 9.Jim is a driver, _______he? A.does B.doesn't C.is D.isn't 10.”What's wrong _________you?“ the doctor asked.A.from B.with C.for D.at

11.He is rich, ________he isn't happy.A.or B.so C.and D.but 12.－Where is Alice?

－She __________to the library.A.goes B.will go C.has gone D.had gone 13.”Help _________to some fish, Mary.“ My aunt said to me.A.themselves B.ourselves C.yourself D.himself 14.We'll stay at home if it ________tomorrow.A.rain B.rains C.is raining

D.will rain 15.The students _________on a farm for ten days.Then they_________to a factory.Though they_______back school, they still remember those farmers and workers.A.have stayed, went , was B.had stayed, go , are C.have stayed, go, have been D.have stayed, went, were

【第3講：形容詞】

Spring is coming.The trees are green, and the flowers are beautiful.多么美的季節(jié)?。∥覀円ソ加? 去感受、去描繪我們周圍美好的事物。形容詞會幫你忙。可是形容詞怎么使用起來老出錯呀？不是放錯了位置，搞錯了級別，就是在使用多個形容詞 作定語時排錯了順序。當然了，形容詞使用時需要遵循一些規(guī)則的。想知道嗎？接著往下看。

a beautiful little new white wooden house 從這個長長的詞中可以看出多個形容詞作

定語時排列有一定的先后順序。它們往往遵循以下規(guī)律：冠詞或人稱代詞所有格+數(shù)詞 +性質(zhì)+大小+形狀+表示老少、新舊+顏色+事物質(zhì)地、人的國籍、用途。其實,你大可不必這 樣費神記,只要記住我給你的句子就可以了。

There is something wrong with my bike。這句話可能讓你撓撓頭皮，為什么wrong放在 something的后面呢？原來雖然大部分形容詞做定語時的位置是放在名詞之前的，但當 形容詞所修飾的詞為something，anything，nothing，everything等以-thing為字尾的詞語時，形容詞要后置。

形容詞級別問題：

a.Our classroom is twice larger than theirs。（我們的教室是他們的兩倍。）這種表示倍數(shù)的

句子用...times +形容詞比較級+than...這樣的格式。你記住了嗎？

b.I'm three years older than you.（我比你大三歲。）表示”大三歲，“"高二厘米”等時用“表示

數(shù)量詞的詞+比較級”。

c.“越來越......”用“比較級+and +比較級”來表示。如：The earth is getting warmer and warmer。（地球變得越來越暖和。）

d.“越......就越......”用“the +比較級...，the+比較級...”來表示。如： The busier he is，the happier he feels。(他越忙，越覺得高興。)最高級用法的用法就很簡單了，提醒你一點，最高級要用于三者以上。還有幾點是不得 不提的：

alone 和lonely：I feel lonely, because I am alone at home.你獨自一人在家用

“alone” 表示“單獨的”、“獨自一人的”，它表示一個客觀事實，在句中只能做表語。你 在家感到寂寞，用“l(fā)onely”，表示主觀上感到 “孤獨”“寂寞”，指一種悲傷憂郁的情緒，可作定語和表語。older和elder: Jack is older than me, he is my elder brother.杰克比我大要用“older”，表示“ 年紀大的，年老的”，常用做表語；他是我的長兄用“elder”，表示“年老的，年長的”，用做定

語，只用于比較兩個人的長幼，只能作表語。

接下來又到了我們趁熱打鐵的時間了，你準備好了嗎？

練習：

1.Tony is going camping with ___ boys.A.little two other B.two little other C.two other little D.little other two 2.Which is the _______country, Japan or Australia? A.more developed B.more developing C.most developed D.most developing 3.－ How was your recent visit to Qingdao?

－ It was great.We visited some friends，and spent the ___days at the seaside.A.few last sunny

B.last few sunny C.last sunny few D.few sunny last 4.The books are not ________ to be published.A.enough intersting B.interesting enough C.so interesting D.too interesting 5.What's your _______sports? A.the most favorite B.most favorite C.favorite D.the favorite 6.There's ________ with the recorder A.anything wrong B.wrong anything C.something wrong D.wrong something 7.His sister is _______than he.A.younger five years

B.five years younger C.five year younge D.five younger years 8.－We should speak English in and after class.－Yes, _____, ________.A.more , better B.the more, the bette C.much, better D.the often, the better 9.The old man lives alone, he feels ________.A.alone B.lonely C.lone D.alonely 10.I think bananas are ________of all the fruits.A.delicious B.much delicious C.more delicious D.the most delicious

實戰(zhàn)：

第二篇：初中英語必會詞組,句法,語法,和練習題

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 初中英語（新課標版）中考總復習沖刺材料

【初中英語詞組總結(jié)】(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listen to、look at(感官動詞)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump（比較級 and 比較級）

表示越來越怎么樣a piece of cake =easy

小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb

贊成某人 all kinds of 各種各樣

a kind of 一樣 all over the world = the whole world

整個 世界 along with同……一道，伴隨…… eg : I will go along with you我將和你一起去

the students planted trees along with their teachers

學生同老師們一起種樹As soon as

一怎么樣就怎么樣as you can see 你是知道的 ask for ……求助

向…要…（直接接想要的東西）

eg :

ask you for my book

ask sb for sth

向某人什么ask sb to do sth

詢問某人某事

ask sb not to do

叫某人不要做某事at the age of

在……歲時

eg：I am sixteen

I am at the age of sixteen at the beginning of ……

……的起初；……的開始 at the end of +地點/+時間

最后；盡頭；末尾

eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year

在每年的這個時候 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句

感覺/對什么有信心，自信

eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English

I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing

表：1 現(xiàn)在進行時 2 將來時 be able to(+ v 原)= can(+ v 原）

能夠……

eg :

She is able to sing

She can sing be able to do sth

能夠干什么

eg :she is able to sing be afraid to do(of sth

恐懼，害怕……

eg : I'm afraed to go out at night

I'm afraid of dog be allowed to do

被允許做什么

eg:

I'm

allowed

to

watch

TV

我被允許看電視

I

should

be

allowed

to

watch

TV

我應該被允許看電視 be angry with sb

生某人的氣

eg : Don't be angry with me

be angry with(at)sb for doing sth

為什么而生某人的氣 be as…原級…as

和什么一樣

eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一樣高be ashamed to

be away from 遠離be away from

從……離開 be bad for

對什么有害

eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes

在太陽下看書對你的眼睛不好

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 30 be born

出生于

be busy doing sth

忙于做什么事

be busy with sth

忙于…… 32 be careful

當心；小心

be different from……

和什么不一樣

be famous for

以……著名

be friendly to sb

對某人友好

be from = come from

來自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ?

Does he come from Bejing ?

be full of 裝滿……的be filled with 充滿 eg: the glass is full of water

the glass is filled with water

be glad+to+do/從句

be going to + v(原）

將來時

be good at(+doing)= do well in

在某方面善長, 善于……

be good for

對什么有好處

eg : Reading aloud is good for your English

be happy to do

很高興做某事

be helpful to sb

對某人有好處

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you

大聲朗讀對你有好處

Exercising is helpful to your bady

鍛煉對你的身體有好處

be in good health

身體健康

be in trouble

處于困難中

eg : She is in trouble

They are in tronble

be interested in

對某方面感興趣

be late for = come late to 遲到

eg: Be late for class

上課遲到

be like

像……

eg : I'm like my mother 49 be mad at

生某人的氣

be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不見原材料)51 be made of

由……制成(制成以后還看得見原材料)

be not sure 表不確定

be on a visit to

參觀

be popular with sb

受某人歡迎

be quiet

安靜 56 be short for

表**的縮寫

eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰

be sick in bed

生病在床

be sorry to do sth

be sorry for sb

eg : I am sorry for you

be sorry to hear that

be sorry to trouble sb

eg : I am sorry to trouble you

be strict in doing

sth

嚴于做某事

eg : He's strict in obeying noles 62 be strict with sb

對某人要求嚴格

eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 這些學生對自己不嚴格

be strict with sb in sth

某方面對某人嚴格

be supposed to do

被要求干什么

be sure 表確定

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 66 be sure of doing sth 對做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning

I am sure of learning English well

be sure of sth

對做某事有信心

eg: I'm sure of my head(my teacher

我相信我的大腦（老師）

be sure that sth

對做某事有信心

eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test

我相信他能通過考試

be sure to do sth一定會做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我們一定會通過這次考試 We are sure to learn English well 我們一定能學好英語

be terrified of + 名/動doing 害怕……

be terrified to do sth

害怕做某事

be the same as …

和什么一樣

be used to doing sth

習慣做某事

eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸習慣早He is used to sleeping in class

他習慣上課睡覺

be worth doing

值得做什么

be(feel)afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 叢句

because+句子

because of +短語

eg : He was late because he had a headache

He was late because of his headache 77 begin to do = start to do 開始做某事

start…with…=begin…with… 以什么開始什么

eg : Let's begin the game with the song

I begin to go home

between…and…

兩者之間

borrow sth from sb

向……借……

lend sth to sb(lend sb sth

借給……什么東西

eg : I borrowed a pen from him

he lent a pen to me(he lent me a pen

both = the same(as)= not different(from)

表相同

bother

打擾

bother sb to do sth

eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station

我十分道歉打擾你，但是你能告訴我怎么去車站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks

這個問題困擾了我?guī)讉€周了

He's bothering me to lend him money

by the end of

到……為止

call sb sth

eg : We call him old wang

care

關(guān)心

eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你為什么不關(guān)心國家的未來

catch up with sb

趕上某人

chat with sb

和某人閑談

take sb to + 地點

帶某人去某地

come in

進

come over to

過來

come up with

提出

eg: Can you come up with a good idea

你能想出一個好辦法嗎？

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 90 communicate with sb 和某人交流

consider + doing

考慮做什么

eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou

為什么不考慮去瀘州？

dance to

隨著……跳舞

eg : She likes dancing to the music

她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞

decide to do sth 決定做某事

do a survey of

做某方面的調(diào)查

do better in

在……方面做得更好

do wrong

做錯

Don't forget to do sth

不要忘了做某事

Don't mind +doing /從句 /名詞

不要介意……

each +名（單）每一個…eg : Each student has many books

每一個學生都有一些書 100 end up +doing

enjoy +doing喜歡

escape from 從……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人從監(jiān)獄里逃跑出來

expect to do sth

期待做某事

fall down

摔下來 fall off

從哪摔下來

fall in love with sb /sth 愛上什么

far from

離某地遠

eg : The school is far from my home

find +it +adj +to do 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣

find sb/sth +adj 發(fā)現(xiàn)什么怎么樣 eg : I find the book interesting

finish 完成+doing（名詞）

fit to sb = be fit for sb

適合某人

forget to do 沒有做而忘了

forget doing

做了而又忘了

eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door

from…to…

從某某到某某

eg: From me for her

get /have sth down 做完，被（別人）做…eg: I have my hair cut

我理了發(fā)(頭發(fā)被剪了）

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out

湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了（被牙醫(yī)拔掉了）

get a part-time job= find a part-time job

get along well with sb = get on well with sb

與某人相處得好

get along with sb = get on with sb 與某人相處

get ready for = be ready for為什么而準備eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble

給某人麻 119 get sb to do sth

get…from… 從某處得到某物

give a talk

做報告

eg:

He is give a tall 122 give sth to sb give sb sth

給某人某物

go fish 釣魚

go swimming 游泳

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 124 go on to do

去做下一件事

go on doing

繼續(xù)做這件事

go out away from

go out of

go to school 上學（用于專業(yè)的）go to the school 去學校（不一定是上學）

good way to

好方法

hate to do

討厭沒做過的事

hate doing

討厭做過的事

have a party for sb

舉辦誰的晚會

have a talk

聽報告

談一談

have been doing 現(xiàn)在完成進行時

eg :

You have been talking

You have been sleeping since

have been to …（地方）……去過某過地方 have gone to …（地方）

去了某地還沒回來

have fun +doing

玩得高興

have sth to do

有什么事要做

eg: I have a lot of homework to do

我有很多家庭作業(yè)要做 I have nothing to do

我沒什么事情做

have to do sth

必須做某事

have trouble(problem)(in)doing sth

做什么事情有麻煩

have…time +doing

have…(時間)…off

放……假

eg: I have month off

我請一個月得假

hear sb +do/doing

聽見某人做某事/正在做某事

help a lot

很大用處

help sb with sth one's sth

幫助某人某事（某方面）

help sb(to)do sth

幫助某人做某事

hope to do sth

希望做某事

How about(+doing)= What about(+doing)

how do you like

= what do you think of

你對什么的看法

if : 是否＝wether

eg: I don't know if(wether)I should go to the party

我不知道我是否應該去參加晚會

He don't know if(wether)we will arrive on time

tomorrow morning

他不知道我們明天早上是否能準時到達

if :如果，假如（全部接一般時態(tài)）＋條件語態(tài)從句

eg:

I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain

假如明天不下雨，我就去瀘州

If they change the plan they will let me know

假如他們要改變計劃，他們會讓我知道的

I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year

如果我明年由足夠的錢，我就要去英國

in one's opinion = sb think

某人認為

in some ways

在某些方面

in the end = finally(adv)

最后

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 150 in the north of…

什么在什么的北方

（north 北

sowth 南

west 西

east 東）

151 in the sun

在太陽下

152 increase

增加

eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3%

他們把石油價增加了3%

the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now 153 instead of

+（名）代替

eg:

I'd like an apple instead of a pear

我想要蘋果，而不要梨子

I like English instead of math

我喜歡英語而不喜歡數(shù)學

154 introduce sb to sb

介紹某人給某人

introduce oneself

自我介紹

155 invite sb to do sth

邀請某人做某事

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth

做某人花掉某人多少時間

eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework

It takes me half an hour to cook 157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth

對某人來說做某事怎么樣

158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么樣

159 It's +adj for sb

對于某人來說怎么樣

It's

+adj

of

sb

對某人來說太怎么樣

160 It's +adj(for sb)to do（對某人來說）做某事怎么樣

It's +adj of sb to do sth

對某人來說做某事太怎么樣

eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English

161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth

對……

來說是個好主意

162 It's important to sb 對某人來說很重要

eg: It's important to me 163 It's time to do sth

It's time for sth

到了該去做某事的時間

eg : It's time to have class

It's time for class

該去上課了

164 join = take part in

參加

165 just now

剛才

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介詞短語

讓什么保持什么樣？

167 keep out

不讓 …… 進入

168 keep sb adj

讓……保持…… eg: I want to keep my mother happy

keep healthy

保持健康

169 key to +名詞

表示：某物的鑰匙或某題的答案

170 key to…

anser

to …

key

可以是答題或鑰匙

171 laugh at… 取笑……

eg : Don't langh at others

We langhed at the joke

172 learn by oneslfe

自學

173 learn from sb

向某人學習

eg: We should learn from Lei Feng 174 learn to do sth

學做某事

175 let sb do sth

讓某人做某事

176 Let sb down

讓某人失望

eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down

我們不應該讓我們的父母失望

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 177 live from :離某地遠

178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方

居住在某地

eg: I live in LuZhou

She lives at XuanTan

179 look after = take care of

照顧 照看

180 lose one's way

誰 迷 路

eg : Lose your way

你迷路

181 make a decision to do sth

決定做某事

182 make friends with sb

和誰成為朋友

eg :

I want to make friends with you

183 make it early

把時間定的早一點

184 make on exhibition of oneself

讓某人出洋相

185 make sb /n +n

使什么成為什么

eg

: I made her my step moller

I made you my wife

186 make sb /sth +adj

使某人（某物）怎么樣

eg :

You must made your bed clean

187 make sb /sth adj

使某人/某物怎么樣

188 make sb do sth

讓某人做某事

eg : I made him write 我以前讓他寫

189 make up

be made up of(被動語態(tài)）由……組成190 make…difference

to…

191 mind sb to do

mind one's doing

介意……做什么

192 most +名

most of +代

193 much too +形容詞

194 must be

一定

195 need +名詞

196 need sb do sth

需要某人做某事

197 need to do(實義動詞）

need do(情態(tài)動詞）

198 no /neithr of hate to do

no /neithr of hate doing

199 no +名詞

200 not anymore = no more

再也不……

eg: He didn't cry any more

He cried no more

他再也不哭

201 not…(形、副）at all

eg: He's not tall at all

she doesn't junp far at all

202 not…at all 一點都不

203 not…either

表否定，也不

eg : I don't japanse either

I don't have sister, either

我也沒有姐姐

204 not…until

直到……才……

eg:

I didn't sleep until my mother came back

The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar

205 offer / provide sb with sth

給某人提供

206 offer sb sth(offer sth to sb

提供什么東西給某人

eg : I offer you water(I offer water to you

我給你提供水

207 on one's way to…

在誰去那的路上

208 on the one hand

一方面

on the other hand

另一方面

209 on the phone = over the phone

用電話交談

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 210 on time 準時

in time

及時

211 one day ＝some day ＝someday

一天，有一天

212 one of +可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式

213 one to another

一個到另一個

214 over and over agin

一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin

215 part-time job

兼職工作

fall-time job

全職工作

216 pay for…

付……錢

pay the bill

開錢

，付錢

217 please +do

218 please help yourself 219 pleased with sb

220 pool into = pore into

221 practice +doing

練習做某事

222 prefer sth to sth

相對……更喜歡……

eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化學中，我更喜歡物理

prefer doing to sth

更喜歡去做…不愿意去做…

eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving

他更喜歡騎自行車，不開小車

prefer to do sth rather than do sth

寧愿做…也不愿

eg:

My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one

我叔叔更喜歡買新的車，也不去修舊車

prefer sb not to do sth

更愿意…

eg: I prefer her not to come

我不喜歡她不來

223 pretend to do sth

裝著去做什么

pretend that

從句

eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard

這兩個騙子裝著努力工作

He pretended that he did not know the answer

他裝著不知道答案

224 rather…than

寧可……也不……

eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher

我愿肯當醫(yī)生，也不當老師

He likes dogs rather than cats

他喜歡狗，不喜歡貓

225 regard…as

把……當作……

eg: Please give my best regards to your family

請帶我向你的家人我最好的問候

I regard you as my friend

我把你當作我的朋友

He shows little regard for others

他不愛關(guān)心別人

226 remid sb about sth

提醒某人什么事

remid sb to do sth

提醒某人做某事

eg : he remids me about cooking(he remids me to cook

他提醒我做飯

227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么

eg : the pictures remind me of my school days

這照片使我想起了我的學校

the words that(which)the teacher talke to remind me of my mother 228 return sth to sb

還什么東西給某人

229 say to oneself

對自己說

230 say to sb 對某人說

231 sb spend somemoney on sth

花了多少錢在某事上

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 232 sb spend sometime with sb

花了多少時間陪誰

233 sb spend sometime(in)doing sth

花了多少時間做某事

234 sb with sb +is

sb and sb +are

235 see sb do

看見某人做過某事

see sb doing

看見某人正在做某事

236 seem to do/be +adj

顯得怎么樣

eg :

You seem to be tired

You seem to be happy

237 send +sb sth

送給某人某物

238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？

239 shock 使……震驚

eg : Oh , It's only you!You give me a shock

啊，是你呀！嚇我一跳

240 show sb sth

向某人展示某物

eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb

拿什么東西給某人看

eg:

Show me your pen

Show your pen to me

242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物

eg : I show the book to her.243 some…others…

一些……另一些……

244 start…with…

從……開始

begin…with…

從……開始

245 stay away from

遠離……

eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo

當我們參觀zoo 時，我們要遠離動物

If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food

徒工你想減肥，你最好遠離甜食

246 stop doing 停下正在做的事

247 stop sb from doing sth

阻止某人做某事

248 stop sb(from)doing

阻止某人做某事

249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事

250 such +名

這樣

，這種

251 suit sb

適合某人

252 surprise sb

使某人驚奇

to one's surprise

令某人驚奇

253 take classes

上課

254 take sb to 把某人帶去

eg : I take you to the hospital 255 take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk

散步

256 ①talk to 對誰說

eg : I talk to you

② talk with

和誰說

eg : I talk with him

③ talk of

談到

eg : we talked of you

④ talk

about

談論關(guān)于…… 257 talk with sb

和某人說話

258 teach sb sth

教某人做某事

259 tell sb do sth 告訴某人做某事

260 tell sb sth

tell sb that 叢句

tell sb not to do sth

tell a story

261 tell sb sth 告訴某人某事

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 262 tell sb to do sth

告訴某人做什么

tell sb not to do sth

告訴某人不要做什么

263 tell…from…

264 thank you for +doing

265 the same +名詞(doing)+as……

266 the same…(名)…as

as…(adj adv)…as

相同

267 the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing st做某方面 的方法the way to +地方

去哪的路

e g :Do you know the way to learn English

Do you know the way of learning English

268 the way to…（地點）

到哪的

269 too…to…

太怎樣而不能……adj +enough to 足夠…能… so…that +叢句

eg: He is too young to go to school

=

He is so young that he can't go to school

He is old enough to go to school

＝ He is so old that he can go to school

270 transalte ……into……

把什么翻譯成什么

eg : Trasalte English into chinese

271 travel with sb和某人去旅游

272 try one's best to do sth盡某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well

273 try to do sth

想干什么，但沒成功

try doing sth

想干什么，已經(jīng)做過了

eg ：He tried to climb

他想爬上去，但沒成功

He tried climbing

他想爬上去，已經(jīng)做過了

274 try…試衣服 have a try

試一下

275 turn down 開小 ←→ turn up

開大

276 turn off 關(guān)上 ←→

turn on 打開 open

拆開

277 upside down

倒著

278 visit to? 參觀某個地方 279 wait for sb 等某人

【初中英語語法總結(jié)】 【1 一般現(xiàn)在時的用法 】

1）經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.每天早上我七點離開家。

2）客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。例如：The earth moves around the sun.地球繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)動。Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海位于中國東部。

3）表示格言或警句。例如:Pride goes before a fall.驕者必敗。

注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。

4）現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。例如:I don't want so much.我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英語寫得不錯，講的可不行。

比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup.把糖放入杯子。

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 I am doing my homework now.我正在做功課。

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 播。

c.有跡象要發(fā)生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.看那烏云，快要下雨了。

3）be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。例如：

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。

4）be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。例如:He is about to leave for Beijing.他馬上要去北京。

注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。

【5 be going to / will 用于條件句時，be going to表將來,will表意愿。】例如： If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.【6 be to和be going to】

be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。例如： I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我去踢球。（客觀安排）

I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。（主觀安排）【7 一般現(xiàn)在時表將來 】

1）下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火車明天上午六點開。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.汽車什么時候開？十分鐘后。

2）以here, there等開始的倒裝句，表示動作正在進行。例如：

Here comes the bus.= The bus is coming.車來了。

There goes the bell.= The bell is ringing.鈴響了。

3）在時間或條件句中。例如：When Bill comes（不是will come）, ask him to wait for me.比爾來后，讓他等我。I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.我到了那里，就寫信給你。

4）在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如：I hope they have a nice time next week.我希望他們下星期玩得開心。Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.離開房間前，務必把窗戶關(guān)了。

【8 用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來 】

下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現(xiàn)在進行時可以表示將來。例如：I'm leaving tomorrow.明天我要走了。Are you staying here till next week? 你會在這兒呆到下周嗎？

【9 現(xiàn)在完成時 】

現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成：have（has）+過去分詞?！?0 比較一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時】

1）一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調(diào)動作；現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的，強調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強調(diào)的是影響。

2）一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。

一般過去時的時間狀語：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆為具體的時間狀語。

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不確定的時間狀語。

共同的時間狀語：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。

3）現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，動詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。

4）一般過去時常用的非持續(xù)性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等 例如：I saw this film yesterday.（強調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了）I have seen this film.（強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了）Why did you get up so early?（強調(diào)起床的動作已發(fā)生過了）Who hasn't handed in his paper?（強調(diào)有卷子未交，疑為不公平競爭）He has been in the League for three years.（在團內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)）He has been a League member for three years.（是團員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù)）

5）句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時，要用過去時。

（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.【11.比較since和for 】

Since 用來說明動作起始時間，for用來說明動作延續(xù)時間長度。例如：

I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在這兒二十多年了。

I have lived here since I was born.我從出生起就住在這兒了。

注意：并非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時。

I worked here for more than twenty years.（我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。）

I have worked here for many years.（現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。）

注意：用句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方法，很容易排除非延續(xù)動詞在有for/since結(jié)構(gòu)的完成時中的誤用。

（對）Tom has studied Russian for three years.= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.（錯）Harry has got married for six years.= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.顯然，葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 從那時起就認識他了。（表經(jīng)歷）

2）用于till / until從句的差異

延續(xù)動詞用于肯定句，表示“做……直到……” 瞬間動詞用于否定句，表示“到……，才……”。例如：He didn't come back until ten o'clock.他到10 點才回來。He slept until ten o'clock.他一直睡到10點。

【14.用一般過去時代替過去完成時】

1）兩個動作如按順序發(fā)生，又不強調(diào)先后，或用then，and，but 等連詞時，多用一般過去時。例如:When she saw the mouse，she screamed.她看到老鼠，就叫了起來。My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.姑媽給了我一頂帽子，我把它丟了。）兩個動作相繼發(fā)生，可用一般過去時；如

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 3).under表示“在……下”。例如：

under the tree 在樹下

under the chair 在椅子下

under the bed 在床下

4).behind表示“在……后面”。例如：

behind the door 在門后

behind the tree 在樹后

5).near表示“在……附近”。例如：

near the teacher's desk 在講桌附近

near the bed 在床附近

6).at表示“在……處”。例如：

at school 在學校

at home 在家

at the door 在門口

7).of 表示“……的”。例如：

a picture of our classroom 我們教室的一幅畫

a map of China 一張中國地圖

2.冠詞 a / an / the:

冠詞一般位于所限定的名詞前，用來署名名詞所指的人或事物。冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種。不定冠詞有兩個形式，即a和an。a用在以輔音音素開頭的詞前，如a book;an用在以元音音素開頭的字母前，如an apple.a或an與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用，泛指某類人或某物中的一個。

This is a cat.這是一只貓。

It's an English book.這是一本英語書。His father is a worker.他的爸爸是個工人。

the既可以用在可數(shù)名詞前，也可以用在不可數(shù)名詞前，表示某個或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到過的人或事物。

Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是誰呀？

------What can you see in the classroom?-------你能在教室里看到什么呀？

------I can see a bag.------我能看見一個書包。------Where's the bag?------書包在哪呀？

------It's on the desk.------在桌子上。

3.some和any

①在肯定句中用some.例如：

There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些書。

Lucy has some good books露西有一些好書。

②在疑問句和否定句中用any。例如：

Is there any ink in your pen?你的鋼筆里有墨水嗎？

Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹嗎？

There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里沒有水。

⑵記住它們的特殊用法。

①some亦可用于表示盼望得到對方肯定的答復或表示建議、委婉請求的疑問句中，這一點我們不久就會學到。例如：Would you like to have some apples?你想吃蘋果嗎？

②any也可用于肯定句中，表示“任何的”。例如：

Any one of us can do this.我們當中任何一個都能做這個。

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 some 和any的用法是經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的考點，希望大家能準確地掌握它們的用法。

4.family

family看作為一個整體時，意思是“家庭”，后面的謂語動詞be用單數(shù)形式 is ；如把family看作為家庭成員時，應理解為復數(shù)，后面的謂語動詞be應用are。

My family is a big family.我的家庭是個大家庭。

My family are all at home now.我的家人現(xiàn)在都在家。

Family強調(diào)由家人組成的一個集體或強調(diào)這個集體中的成員。home指個人出生、被撫養(yǎng)長大的環(huán)境和居住地點。house指“家”、“房屋”，側(cè)重居住的建筑本身。

His family are all workers.他的家人都是工人。My home is in Beijing.我的家在北京。

He isn't at home now.他現(xiàn)在不在家。It's a picture of my family.這是一張我全家的照片。

5.little的用法

a little dog 一只小狗，a little boy 一個小男孩。little常用來修飾有生命的名詞。

*但little還可表示否定意義，意為“少的”，加不可數(shù)名詞。

There is little time.幾乎沒時間了。There is little water in the cup.杯中水很少。

⑵ 詞組

on the desk 在桌子上

behind the chair 在椅子后

under the chair 在椅子下面

in her pencil-box 在她的鉛筆盒中

near the door 在門附近

a picture of a classroom 一個教室的圖片

look at the picture 看這張圖片

the teacher's desk 講桌

a map of China 一張中國地圖

family tree 家譜

have a seat 坐下，就坐

this way 這邊走

二.日常用語

1.Come and meet my family.2.Go and see.I think it's Li Lei.3.Glad to meet you.4.What can you see in the picture? I can see a clock / some books.5.Can you see an orange? Yes, I can./ No, I can't.6.Where's Shenzhen? It's near Hong Kong.7.Let me see.（口語）讓我想想看。

see 在這是“明白、懂了”，不可譯作“看見”。例如：

8.Please have a seat.seat表示“座位”，是個名詞。have a seat表示“就坐”，也可以說take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。

三.語法

1.名詞所有格

名詞如要表示與后面名詞的所有關(guān)系，通常用名詞所有格的形式，意為“……的”。一般有以下幾種形式：

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2013-3-28（1）.一般情況下在詞尾加“'s”。例如： Kate's father Kate的爸爸

my mother's friend 我媽媽的朋友

（2）.如果復數(shù)名詞以s結(jié)尾，只加“'”。例如：

Teachers' Day 教師節(jié)

The boys' game 男孩們的游戲

（3）.如果復數(shù)名詞不以s結(jié)尾，仍加“'s”。例如：

Children's Day 兒童節(jié)

Women's Day 婦女節(jié)

（4）表示兩個或幾個共有時，所有格應加在后一個名詞上。例如：

Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房間

Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸

動物和無生命事物的名詞的所有格一般不在詞尾加“'s”，而常常用介詞of的短語來表示。

a map of China 一幅中國地圖

the name of her cat 她的貓的名字

a picture of my family 我的家庭的一張照片

the door of the bedroom 臥室的門

2.祈使句

祈使句主要用來表示說話人的請求、命令、建議、叮囑等意圖。祈使句一般不用主語，讀時用降調(diào)。為使語氣委婉、禮貌，常在句首或句尾加please。在句尾時，please前多用逗號。

（1）.祈使句肯定形式的謂語動詞一律用動詞原形。

Go and see.去看看。

Come in, please.請進。

（2）.祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。

Don't look at your books.不要看書。

Don't play on the road.不要在馬路上玩。

3.There be 的句子結(jié)構(gòu)

There be是一個“存在”句型，表示“有”的意思，肯定句的形式為：There be + 名詞（單數(shù)或復數(shù)）+地點狀語或時間狀語。

be動詞單復數(shù)的確定，看be后邊

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2013-3-28---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少學生？

---There's only one./ There are nine.只有一個。/有九個。

（4）如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，用：How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 地點狀語？

How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水？

How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物？ 【課題專練】

專題

一、英語構(gòu)詞法匯總及練習

一.概念

英語的構(gòu)詞法主要有:合成法,轉(zhuǎn)化法,派生法,混成法,截短法和詞首字母縮略法.二.相關(guān)知識點精講 1.轉(zhuǎn)化法

英語中，有的名詞可作動詞，有的形容詞可作副詞或動詞，這種把一種詞性用作另一種詞性而詞形不變的方法叫作轉(zhuǎn)化法。

1)動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞

很多動詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞，大多意思沒有多大的變化(如下①)；有時意思有一定變化(如下②)；有的與一個動詞和不定冠詞構(gòu)成短語，表示一個動作(如下③)。例如：

①Let's go out for a walk.我們到外面去散散步吧。

②He is a man of strong build.他是一個體格健壯的漢子。

③Let's have a swim.咱們游泳吧。

2)名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞

很多表示物件(如下①)、身體部位(如下②)、某類人(如下③)的名詞可以用作動詞來表示動作，某些抽象名詞(如下④)也可作動詞。例如：

①Did you book a seat on the plane?你訂好飛機座位了嗎?

②Please hand me the book.請把那本書遞給我。

③She nursed her husband back to health.她看護丈夫，使他恢復了健康。

④We lunched together.我們在一起吃了午餐。

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2013-3-28

3)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞

有少數(shù)形容詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。例如：

We will try our best to better our living conditions.我們要盡力改善我們的生活狀況。

4)副詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞

有少數(shù)副詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。例如：

Murder will out.(諺語)惡事終必將敗露。

5)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞

表示顏色的形容詞?？赊D(zhuǎn)化為名詞(如下①)；某些形容詞如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等與the連用，表示一類人，作主語時，謂語用復數(shù)(如下②)。例如：

You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬禮中該穿黑色衣服。

The old in our village are living a happy life.我們村的老年人過著幸福的生活。2.派生法

在詞根前面加前綴或在詞根后面加后綴構(gòu)成一個與原單詞意義相近或截然相反的新詞叫作派生法。

1)前綴

除少數(shù)前綴外，前綴一般改變單詞的意義，不改變詞性；后綴一般改變詞類，而不引起詞義的變化。

(1)表示否定意義的前綴常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等，在單詞的前面加這類前綴常構(gòu)成與該詞意義相反的新詞。例如：

appear出現(xiàn)→disappear消失 correct正確的→incorrect不正確的 lead帶領→mislead領錯 stop停下→non-stop不停

(2)表示其他意義的前綴常用的有a-(多構(gòu)成表語形容詞), anti-(反對；抵抗), auto-(自動), co-(共同), en-(使), inter-(互相), re-(再；又), sub-(下面的；次；小), tele-(強調(diào)距離)等。例如：

alone單獨的antigas防毒氣的 autochart自動圖表

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cooperate合作enjoy使高興 internet互聯(lián)網(wǎng)reuse再用

subway地鐵 telephone電話

2)后綴

英語單詞不僅可以通過加前綴構(gòu)成新詞，也可加后綴構(gòu)成新詞。后綴通常會改變單詞的詞性，構(gòu)成意義相近的其他詞性；少數(shù)后綴還會改變詞義，變?yōu)榕c原來詞義相反的新詞。

(1)構(gòu)成名詞的后綴常用的有-ence，-(e)r/-or(從事某事的人),-ese(某地人)，-ess(雌性)，-ful(一??)，-ian(精通??的人)，-ist(專業(yè)人員)，-ment(性質(zhì)；狀態(tài))，-ness(性質(zhì)；狀態(tài))，-tion(動作；過程)等。例如：

differ不同于→difference區(qū)別 write寫→writer作家

Japan日本→Japanese日本人 act表演→actress女演員

mouth口→mouthful一口 music音樂→musician音樂家

(2)構(gòu)成動詞的后綴常用的有-(e)n(多用于形容詞之后)，-fy(使??化)，-ize(使??成為)。例如：

wide→widen加寬 beauty→beautify美化

pure→purify提純 real→realize意識到

organ→organize組織

(3)構(gòu)成形容詞的后綴常用的有-al，-able(有能力的)，-(a)n(某國人的)，-en(多用于表示材料的名詞后)，-ern(方向的)，-ese(某國人的)，-ful，-(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less(表示否定)，-like(像??的)，-ly，-ous，-some，-y(表示天氣)等。例如：

nature自然→natural自然的 reason道理→reasonable有道理的 America美國→American美國的 China中國→Chinese中國人的 gold金子→golden金的 east東→eastern東方的 child孩子→childish孩子氣的 snow雪→snowy雪的

(4)構(gòu)成副詞的常用后綴有-ly(主要用于形容詞之后表示方式或程度)，-ward(s)(主要用于表示方位的詞之后表示方向)。例如：

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angry生氣的→angrily生氣地

to到→towards朝??，向?? east東方→eastward向東

(5)構(gòu)成數(shù)詞的后綴有-teen(十幾)，-ty(幾十)，-th(構(gòu)成序數(shù)詞)。例如：

six六→sixteen十六→sixteenth

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名詞＋過去分詞man-made人造的 數(shù)詞＋名詞one-way單行的

數(shù)詞＋名詞＋形容詞two-year-old兩歲的 數(shù)詞＋名詞＋ed five-storeyed五層的 動詞＋副詞see-through透明的 形容詞＋名詞high-class高級的 形容詞＋名詞＋ed noble-minded高尚的 形容詞＋形容詞light-blue淺藍色的 形容詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞good-looking相貌好看的 副詞＋形容詞ever-green常青的 副詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working勤勞的 副詞＋過去分詞well-known著名的 副詞＋名詞fast-food專門提供快餐服務的 介詞＋名詞downhill下坡的 3)合成動詞

名詞＋動詞sleep-walk夢游

形容詞＋動詞white-wash粉刷

副詞＋動詞overthrow推翻

4)合成副詞

形容詞＋名詞hotfoot匆忙地

形容詞＋副詞everywhere到處

副詞＋副詞however盡管如此

介詞＋名詞beforehand事先

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介詞＋副詞forever永遠

5)合成代詞

代詞賓格＋self herself她自己

物主代詞＋self myself我自己

形容詞＋名詞anything任何東西

6)合成介詞

副詞＋名詞inside在??里面

介詞＋副詞within在??之內(nèi)

副詞＋介詞into進入 4.截短法(縮略法)

截短法，即將單詞縮寫，詞義和詞性保持不變，主要有截頭、去尾、截頭去尾等形式。

1)截頭

telephone→phone aeroplane→plane omnibus→bus

2)去尾

mathematics→maths co-operate→co-op examination→exam

kilogram→kilo laboratory→lab taxicab→taxi

3)截頭去尾

influenza→flu refrigerator→fridge prescription→script 5.混合法(混成法)

混合法，即將兩個詞混合或各取一部分緊縮而成一個新詞。后半部分表示主體；前半部分表示屬性。

news broadcast→newscast新聞廣播

television broadcast→telecast電視播送

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smoke and fog→smog煙霧

helicopter airport→heliport直升飛機場 6.首尾字母縮略法

首尾字母縮略法，即用單詞首尾字母組成一個新詞。讀音主要有兩種形式，即各字母分別讀音；作為一個單詞讀音。

very important person→VIP(讀字母音)要人；大人物

television→TV(讀字母音)電視

Testing of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL托福 專題

二、英語語法匯總及練習

動詞的時態(tài):

初中英語的動詞時態(tài)主要有五種:一般現(xiàn)在時,一般過去時,一般將來時,現(xiàn)在進行時,現(xiàn)在完成時.1.一般現(xiàn)時的用法：主要由動詞原形表示，但在

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2013-3-28 She has lived here since 1991.從一九九一年起她就住在這里。時 態(tài) 常用的時間副詞 一般現(xiàn)在時 every(year,otherday ,twodays,week,month…),often ,always,usually ,sometimes, in the morning,in summer,on Sunday 一般過去時 last week, just now,yesterday, yeaterday morning ,the day before yesterday,then, at that moment,(a few days)ago，一般將來時 tomorrow, next month, in two days, 現(xiàn)在進行時 now

現(xiàn)在完成時 since ,for（one year….）, just, already, yet ,in the last five years, …before.so far

被動語態(tài)：

被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。Be有人稱，數(shù)量和時態(tài)變化。

一般現(xiàn)在時：be(is am are)+及物動詞的過去分詞 一般過去時：be(was were)+ 及物動詞的過去分詞

情態(tài)動詞的過去分詞：情態(tài)動詞+be +及物動詞的過去分詞

賓語從句：賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語。由下列詞引導，1.由 that 引導（that在口語中可省略）

He said(that)he would like to see the headmaster.She said(that)she would leave a message on his desk.He was afraid that he would forget his Chinese.2.接連接代詞或連接副詞引導.(what.who.which.whose /where, when ,how ……).Do you know what time the train leaves? Can you tell me which class you are in ? I wanted to know where we should show our tickets.3.whether 或if 引導

Lily wanted to know if it would rain the next day.She asked if they would go to the park this Sunday.*在選擇疑問句中，或與or not 連用時，必須用whether而不能用if。

變賓語從句需要注意以下幾點：

a． 時態(tài)變化： 主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可以是任何時態(tài)

主句是過去時，從句必須是過去時態(tài)的一種

主句是將來時，從句必須是一般現(xiàn)在時。

B．人稱變化：不常用 如：He asked me.“Are you a teacher？” He asked me if I was a teacher。

C．語序變化：Where is Mike ？ Do you know？ Do you know where Mike is ？ Practise ：

1． He said.The boy is a clever boy.2． He is sure.His team can beat them

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2013-3-28 3． He was afraid.It will be windy tomorrow.4． He said.The lost book was founded.5． He hopes ….He will be able to pass the exam.6． He asked …..When will the bus arrive？

7． Mother asked her son ….Whose pen are you using? 8． The children said…..we enjoy ourselves very much.9． The boy asked me …..Have you heard any noise from outside ?

10.Do you know ….Which way must we take to ? 11.I don’t know …..Why is he late for the meeting? 12.Do you remember …When did he die?

13.Nobody knows … When will he come back? 14.Do you know … What are they looking for?

15.He asked me … How long does it take to walk to school? 16.Father asked me … What is wrong with you ? 17.I didn’t know …He is going to have a boy.18.They never asked … Will it be a boy or a girl ? 19.He didn’t know … population is a big problem.20.I thought … He will come back soon.21.He asked me …Which TV programme will you watch ? 22.I don’t know …Will it grow fast?

23.Lily asked … Can the man help them

24.Mother asked Do they have a cheaper one? 25.She asked Lucy … Do you need some more tea ?

26.The teacher asked us … Do you have any questions ? 27.He asked … What did Lucy say ? 28.She didn’t know… Who was in the room ? 29.They wanted know … What is in the stockings? 30.He asked… What is his present? 31.He asked … Did Jim have a good journey home? 32.He wanted to know … Was it warm in Moscow ? 33.He asked …Where is Jack?

34.He wanted to know … What has happened? 35.He asked … Is anybody hurt ?

時間狀語從句：常用下列詞語 when、after、before、as soon as、(not)until、since 關(guān)于主、從句的時態(tài)關(guān)系與賓語從句一致

1.I was doing my homework when he came in.2.I will write to you as soon as I get there.3.I will finish the cooking before my mother comes back.4.I didn`t go to bed until my mother returned home

條件狀語從句： 1.We won`t go to the park if it rains tomorrow.2.If you have lost the book , you must pay for it.原因狀語從句：常用下列詞語 because , for , as , so

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2013-3-28 1.I am late because I missed the train.2.He was lazy so he didn`t pass the exam.【中考沖刺英語課題專練】（共19講）【

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2013-3-28 誰是誰。但你只要記住它們最重要的區(qū)別—my的后面一定要接名詞，不可以單獨出現(xiàn)，只能做定語，如：my father；而 mine則是名詞性，只能單獨出現(xiàn)，在句中做主語和表語。如：Mine is green.It's mine.記住這兩個句子，凡是名詞性物主代詞（yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs）就都可以放在mine的位置上了。這樣，通過它們出現(xiàn)的位置不同，我們就可以把它們區(qū)別開了。

代詞的

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2013-3-28 形容詞級別問題：

a.Our classroom is twice larger than theirs。（我們的教室是他們的兩倍。）這種表示倍數(shù)的句子用 ?times +形容詞比較級+than ? 這樣的格式。你記住了嗎？

b.I'm three years older than you.（我比你大三歲。）表示“大三歲，”“高二厘米”等時用“表示數(shù)量詞的詞+比較級”。

c.“越來越??”用“比較級+and +比較級”來表示。如：The earth is getting warmer and warmer。（地球變得越來越暖和。）

d.“越??就越??”用“the +比較級?，the+比較級?”來表示。如： The busier he is，the happier he feels。(他越忙，越覺得高興。)

最高級用法的用法就很簡單了，提醒你一點，最高級要用于三者以上。還有幾點是不得不提的：

alone 和lonely：I feel lonely, because I am alone at home.你獨自一人在家用

“alone” 表示“單獨的”、“獨自一人的”，它表示一個客觀事實，在句中只能做表語。你在家感到寂寞，用“l(fā)onely”，表示主觀上感到 “孤獨”“寂寞”，指一種悲傷憂郁的情緒，可作定語和表語。

older和elder: Jack is older than me, he is my elder brother.杰克比我大要用“older”，表示“年紀大的，年老的”，常用做表語；他是我的長兄用“elder”，表示“年老的，年長的”，用做定語，只用于比較兩個人的長幼，只能作表語。

接下來又到了我們趁熱打鐵的時間了，你準備好了嗎？

【

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 了工作。）如果before單獨使用，是泛指“以前”，常常和完成時連用。如：I have seen the film before.（我以前沒看過這部電影。）

farther 和 further:

far 有兩種比較級，farther，further.在英語中兩者都可指距離。如： He runs farther than she does.（他比她跑得遠。）在美語中，farther 表示距離，further表示進一步。如： I have nothing further to say.（我沒什么要說的了。）

至于副詞的比較級和最高級問題，參照形容詞的就OK了。

試試趁熱打鐵如何？

【

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 yesterday.（強調(diào)“我見他正干活”這個動作）昨天我見他正在花園里干活。

又到了我們趁熱打鐵的時間了，好學的你準備好了嗎? 【

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 birthday，on the morning of July 16th，on a spring afternoon。in表達的范圍更大一些。與世紀、年代、季節(jié)、月份以及早上、上午、晚上等連用。如：in the seventh century，in 1950's ,in 2000, in the morning等。

for,since：for表示多長時間。since后接時間起點,其終點往往為現(xiàn)在，常與完成時連用。牢牢記住喲。

after, in ：這兩個介詞都可以表示時間“在以后”的意思。其區(qū)別是：after 以過去為起點，表示過去一段時間之后，常用于過去時態(tài)的句子；in 以現(xiàn)在為起點，表示將來一段時間以后，常用于將來時態(tài)的句子。

by，with，in：by表示“以...的方式，方法，手段” 和 “乘某種交通工具”；with指“借助于具體的手段或工具”；in 表示“以......方式，用語言，文字等媒介”。

for和of：試比較：It's impossible for me to watch TV after eleven o'clock.It's kind of you to help me.兩句中介詞的選擇依據(jù)其前形容詞而定,一般來說,of之前的形容詞往往是用于描寫人的品質(zhì)的好壞，人自身的特點，如聰明與否，細心與粗心等；for之前的形容詞用于描寫事物的特點，如可能性，必然性，難易程度等。

好，又到了趁熱打鐵的時間了，來檢測一下你的學習成效如何？

【

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 studying now.我們現(xiàn)在正在學習。

一般過去時：表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與yesterday,last year,in 1949,two years ago,等表示過去時間的狀語連用。注意：We often went to dance last summer.有的同學一見到often就想到用一般現(xiàn)在時，其實因為后面有表示過去時間的 last summer,所以要用過去式，千萬別誤用了，切記，切記。

過去進行時：顯然過去進行時表示過去某一時刻正在做什么，常和特定的時間狀語如at that time，at six yesterday，at that moment，when he came in等連用。如： When he knocked at the door,his mother was cooking.一般將來時：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來時間狀語如 next year,tomorrow等連用。注意：在Will you....?問句中，回答必須是 Yes,I will.或 No,I won't而不能用Yes,I shall.No, I shan't.來回答過去將來時：過去將來時不可以單獨使用，它一般在賓語從句中作間接引語，表示從過去某一時間看來將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：They told me that they would go to work in Guangdong.現(xiàn)在完成時：顧名思義，現(xiàn)在完成時表示的是已經(jīng)完成的動作，但動作造成的影響還在，常被just,already,yet 等副詞修飾。如：He has already gone to Tianjin.對現(xiàn)在造成的影響是他已經(jīng)不在這兒了?，F(xiàn)在完成時還可用來表示過去發(fā)生的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常帶有for或since等表示一段時間的狀語。如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動作，我們常用“過”來表示，常帶有twice, once, ever, never等時間狀語。如：I've never seen that film.過去完成時：我們可以用“過去的過去”來概括過去完成時，表示過去某一時刻或某一動作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動作，通常與by,before等構(gòu)成的短語或when, before, after引導的從句連用。也可表示過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作，常和for或since構(gòu)成的時間狀語連用。用法和現(xiàn)在完成時大致相同，只不過又向前推了一個時態(tài)。

八個時態(tài)可能得讓你好好對付一陣子，但細細學來，也并不困難。不信嗎? 試試趁熱打鐵你就知道了。

【

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 作之前已完成的動作或狀態(tài)，即“過去的過去”。當強調(diào)過去某一動作發(fā)生在某一動作之前時，常用此時態(tài)。

如： He had finished his homework before nine o'clock.九點之前他已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。實際上，一般現(xiàn)在時和過去完成時常搭配使用。如： When he got home, his daughter had already gone to bed.當他到家的時候，他的女兒早已去睡覺了。

在帶有after和before引導的時間狀語從句的復合句中，由于從句的動作和主句的動作發(fā)生的先后順序已經(jīng)非常明確，所以可以用一般過去時代替過去完成時。如：He called on me soon after he had finished his homework.他做完作業(yè)后不久便來拜訪我。也可以說： He called on me soon after he finished his homework.【

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28

陳述部分有had better + v.疑問句部分用hadn't you?

如: You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

陳述部分有You'd like to +v.疑問部分用wouldn't+主語.如：You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

主語是everyone，someone，anyone，no one等不定代詞時，多用they 指代.如：Everyone is here，aren't they?(所有的人都來了嗎?)

主語是everything，something，anthing，nothing時，用it 指代。省去主語的祈使句的反意疑問句，疑問部分用will you。如: Don't do that again, will you? 注意 Let's 開頭的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us 開頭的祈使句，后用will you?

陳述部分是“there be”結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問部分用there省略主語代詞。如: There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

特殊疑問句: 注意疑問詞 how many how much , how often , how old, how long, what, what time, what day , what colour, which , when , who, whose等疑問詞的用法。

【

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 賓語從句的語序一定是陳述句語序。主句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)如果是過去時態(tài)，賓語從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)要選用相應的過去某一種形式。

如果賓語從句表示的是客觀真理，事實時，即使主句是過去式，從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。

【

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 后面所跟的詞的發(fā)音就可輕易判斷。the 則難一些，但只要知道用the 則必特指，大多數(shù)題也就迎刃而解了。當然還有不用冠詞的時候。

句中單復數(shù)的對應關(guān)系，其中包括名詞、代詞的單復數(shù)形式，并不是很難理解，考試時細心一些就可以了?？隙ň?、疑問句的相互變換時，更要特別注意到這一點。

動詞詞組的含義、用法，要是沒有掌握得很好，則針對每一詞組的不同用法記憶一組例句，到時候套用可保萬無一失。

初

二、初三的英語中有了時態(tài)、句中詞序的變化，復習時多加對比，考時跟著感覺走。

初中英語的閱讀理解部分，并不涉及詞語的隱諱含義或雙關(guān)等。因此只要閱讀速度不是很慢，平時所積累的詞匯量夠用就行。萬一你的速度趕不上去，考試可先讀題，后讀文章，讀時抓住與問題相關(guān)的內(nèi)容點就行。

【

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 修飾。例如：

（1）There were _____ students in our school．

A．hundreds B．eight hundred C．eight hundreds of

（2）There is _____ water．You needn't get some more．

A．few B．little C．much 解析：（1）由數(shù)詞與名詞的搭配關(guān)系可知選B，（2）由water可知排除A項，再由后一句意思便知選C。

3．注意不定代詞的用法。

（1）不定代詞在句中作主語，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge．（2）不定代詞受形容詞修飾時要放在形容詞的前面。例如：There is something interesting in today's newspaper．

4．There be句型的反意疑問句，要注意陳述部分的形式。

如果陳述部分含有l(wèi)ittle，few，no，nobody，none等否定詞時，后面的簡短問句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？

但有的含有否定意義的形容詞修飾不定代詞時則仍看作肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isn't there？

5．要注意句子前后意思的一致性。

有的句子單獨看其意義時，可能不止一個選項適合于它，但如果聯(lián)系上下句的意思則只能有一個恰當?shù)倪x項。例如：（1）There is _____ food．You needn't buy any．（2）There is _____ food．You have to buy some．（A．a(chǎn)ny B．some C．no）從這兩題中的

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 子破了。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）

The window is broken by him．窗子被他打破了。（被動語態(tài)）

2）用法不同：過去分詞作表語時可以被 so，very，too等程度副詞修飾，而被動語態(tài)則不能用so，very，too修飾，而需用much，very much，so much，too much修飾。試比較：

He was very interested in science．他對科學有極大興趣。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）

I was so much surprised at the scene that I didn't know what to do．我被那種場面搞得大吃一驚，不知所措。（被動語態(tài)）

F．牢記（相關(guān)）句型

初中教材中與被動語態(tài)相關(guān)的句型有：

1．be covered with被??覆蓋

2．be made of由??制作（發(fā)生物理變化）

be made from由??制作（發(fā)生化學變化）be made in由（某地）制造

be made by被（某人）制造

3．be used for被用來??

be used as被當作（作為）??來使用

be used to do sth．被用來做某事

4．It is said that．．．據(jù)說??

It is hoped that．．．希望??

It is well known that．．．眾所周知??例如：

初中英語詞組總結(jié) 1(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listen to、look at(感官動詞)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2（比較級 and 比較級）表示越來越怎么樣 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb 贊成某人 all kinds of 各種各樣 a kind of 一樣 6 all over the world = the whole world 整個 世界 along with同??一道，伴隨?? eg : I will go along with you我將和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 學生同老師們一起種樹 8 As soon as 一怎么樣就怎么樣 9 as you can see 你是知道的 ask for ??求助 向?要?（直接接想要的東西）eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 ask sb to do sth 詢問某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 at the age of 在??歲時 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of ?? ??的起初；??的開始 at the end of +地點/+時間 最后；盡頭；末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的這個時候 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句 感覺/對什么有信心，自信

eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 現(xiàn)在進行時 2 將來時 be able to(+ v 原)= can(+ v 原）能夠?? eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能夠干什么 eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do(of sth 恐懼，害怕?? eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允許做什么

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允許看電視 I should be allowed to watch TV 我應該被允許看電視 be angry with sb 生某人的氣 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at)sb for doing sth 為什么而生某人的氣 be as?原級?as 和什么一樣 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一樣高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 遠離 28 be away from 從??離開 be bad for 對什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太陽下看書對你的眼睛不好 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于?? 32 be careful 當心；小心 33 be different from?? 和什么不一樣 34 be famous for 以??著名 35 be friendly to sb 對某人友好

be from = come from 來自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 裝滿??的 be filled with 充滿 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/從句 39 be going to + v(原）將來時

be good at(+doing)= do well in 在某方面善長, 善于??

be good for 對什么有好處 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高興做某事 43 be helpful to sb 對某人有好處

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大聲朗讀對你有好處 Exercising is helpful to your bady 鍛煉對你的身體有好處 44 be in good health 身體健康

be in trouble 處于困難中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble 46 be interested in 對某方面感興趣

be late for = come late to 遲到 eg: Be late for class 上課遲到 48 be like 像?? eg : I'm like my mother 49 be mad at 生某人的氣

be made from 由??制成(制成以后看不見原材料)51 be made of 由??制成(制成以后還看得見原材料)52 be not sure 表不確定 53 be on a visit to 參觀 54 be popular with sb 受某人歡迎

be quiet 安靜 56 be short for 表**的縮寫 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰

be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you 61 be strict in doing sth 嚴于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles 62 be strict with sb 對某人要求嚴格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 這些學生對自己不嚴格

be strict with sb in sth 某方面對某人嚴格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么 65 be sure 表確定 66 be sure of doing sth 對做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well 67 be sure of sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head(my teacher 我相信我的大腦（老師）

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 68 be sure that sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通過考試

be sure to do sth一定會做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我們一定會通過這次考試 We are sure to learn English well 我們一定能學好英語

be terrified of + 名/動doing 害怕?? 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事 72 be the same as ? 和什么一樣 73 be used to doing sth習慣做某事 eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸習慣早He is used to sleeping in class 他習慣上課睡覺

be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel)afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 叢句 76 because+句子 because of +短語

eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache 77 begin to do = start to do 開始做某事 start?with?=begin?with? 以什么開始什么

eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home 78 between?and? 兩者之間

borrow sth from sb 向??借?? lend sth to sb(lend sb sth 借給??什么東西 eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me(he lent me a pen 80 both = the same(as)= not different(from)表相同 81 bother 打擾 bother sb to do sth eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打擾你，但是你能告訴我怎么去車站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks 這個問題困擾了我?guī)讉€周了 He's bothering me to lend him money 82 by the end of 到??為止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang 84 care 關(guān)心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你為什么不關(guān)心國家的未來

catch up with sb 趕上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人閑談 take sb to + 地點 帶某人去某地

come in 進88 come over to 過來

come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一個好辦法嗎？ 90 communicate with sb 和某人交流

consider + doing 考慮做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 為什么不考慮去瀘州？

dance to 隨著??跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞 93 decide to do sth 決定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的調(diào)查 95 do better in 在??方面做得更好

do wrong 做錯 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /從句 /名詞 不要介意??

each +名（單）每一個?eg : Each student has many books 每一個學生都有一些書 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜歡 102 escape from 從??逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人從監(jiān)獄里逃跑出來 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下來 fall off 從哪摔下來 105 fall in love with sb /sth 愛上什么

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 106 far from 離某地遠 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣

find sb/sth +adj 發(fā)現(xiàn)什么怎么樣 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名詞）

fit to sb = be fit for sb 適合某人 111 forget to do 沒有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from?to? 從某某到某某 eg: From me for her 113 get /have sth down 做完，被（別人）做?eg: I have my hair cut 我理了發(fā)(頭發(fā)被剪了）

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了（被牙醫(yī)拔掉了）

get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 與某人相處得好

get along with sb = get on with sb 與某人相處 117 get ready for = be ready for為什么而準備eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 給某人麻119 get sb to do sth 120 get?from? 從某處得到某物 121 give a talk 做報告 eg: He is give a tall 122 give sth to sb give sb sth 給某人某物 123 go fish 釣魚 go swimming 游泳 124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 繼續(xù)做這件事 125 go out away from go out of 126 go to school 上學（用于專業(yè)的）go to the school 去學校（不一定是上學）127 good way to 好方法

hate to do 討厭沒做過的事 hate doing 討厭做過的事

have a party for sb 舉辦誰的晚會 130 have a talk 聽報告 談一談 131 have been doing 現(xiàn)在完成進行時 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since 132 have been to ?(地方）??去過某過地方 have gone to ?（地方）去了某地還沒回來

have fun +doing 玩得高興 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做

eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作業(yè)要做 I have nothing to do 我沒什么事情做

have to do sth 必須做某事

have trouble(problem)(in)doing sth 做什么事情有麻煩 137 have?time +doing 138 have?(時間)?off 放??假 eg: I have month off 我請一個月得假 139 hear sb +do/doing 聽見某人做某事/正在做某事 140 help a lot 很大用處

help sb with sth one's sth 幫助某人某事（某方面）help sb(to)do sth 幫助某人做某事

hope to do sth 希望做某事

How about(+doing)= What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你對什么的看法 145 if : 是否＝wether eg: I don't know if(wether)I should go to the party 我不知道我是否應該去參加晚

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 會

He don't know if(wether)we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我們明天早上是否能準時到達

if :如果，假如（全部接一般時態(tài)）＋條件語態(tài)從句

eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去瀘州

If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他們要改變計劃，他們會讓我知道的

I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足夠的錢，我就要去英國

in one's opinion = sb think 某人認為 148 in some ways 在某些方面

in the end = finally(adv)最后

in the north of? 什么在什么的北方（north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 東）151 in the sun 在太陽下 152 increase 增加

eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他們把石油價增加了3% the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now 153 instead of +（名）代替

eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要蘋果，而不要梨子 I like English instead of math 我喜歡英語而不喜歡數(shù)學

154 introduce sb to sb 介紹某人給某人 introduce oneself 自我介紹 155 invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少時間

eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook 157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 對某人來說做某事怎么樣 158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么樣

159 It's +adj for sb 對于某人來說怎么樣 It's +adj of sb 對某人來說太怎么樣

160 It's +adj(for sb)to do（對某人來說）做某事怎么樣 It's +adj of sb to do sth 對某人來說做某事太怎么樣

eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English 161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 對?? 來說是個好主意

162 It's important to sb 對某人來說很重要 eg: It's important to me 163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了該去做某事的時間 eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 該去上課了 164 join = take part in 參加 165 just now 剛才

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介詞短語 讓什么保持什么樣？ 167 keep out 不讓 ?? 進入

168 keep sb adj 讓??保持?? eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康

169 key to +名詞 表示：某物的鑰匙或某題的答案 170 key to? anser to ? key 可以是答題或鑰匙

171 laugh at? 取笑?? eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 172 learn by oneslfe 自學

173 learn from sb 向某人學習eg: We should learn from Lei Feng 174 learn to do sth 學做某事 175 let sb do sth 讓某人做某事

176 Let sb down 讓某人失望 eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down 我們不應該讓我們的父母失望

177 live from :離某地遠 178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地 eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan 179 look after = take care of 照顧 照看

180 lose one's way 誰 迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路 181 make a decision to do sth 決定做某事

182 make friends with sb 和誰成為朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you 183 make it early 把時間定的早一點

184 make on exhibition of oneself 讓某人出洋相

185 make sb /n +n 使什么成為什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife 186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么樣 eg : You must made your bed clean 187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么樣

188 make sb do sth 讓某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前讓他寫 189 make up be made up of(被動語態(tài)）由??組成 190 make?difference to?

191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意??做什么 192 most +名 most of +代

193 much too +形容詞 194 must be 一定 195 need +名詞

196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do(實義動詞）need do(情態(tài)動詞）198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing 199 no +名詞

200 not anymore = no more 再也不?? eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not?(形、副）at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all

202 not?at all 一點都不 203 not?either 表否定，也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也沒有姐姐

204 not?until 直到??才??

eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar 205 offer / provide sb with sth 給某人提供 206 offer sb sth(offer sth to sb 提供什么東西給某人 eg : I offer you water(I offer water to you 我給你提供水

207 on one's way to? 在誰去那的路上

208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 209 on the phone = over the phone 用電話交談

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 210 on time 準時 in time 及時

211 one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天 212 one of +可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式 213 one to another 一個到另一個

214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin 215 part-time job 兼職工作 fall-time job 全職工作 216 pay for? 付??錢 pay the bill 開錢，付錢 217 please +do 218 please help yourself 219 pleased with sb 220 pool into = pore into 221 practice +doing 練習做某事

222 prefer sth to sth 相對??更喜歡?? eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化學中，我更喜歡物理 prefer doing to sth 更喜歡去做?不愿意去做? eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜歡騎自行車，不開小車

prefer to do sth rather than do sth 寧愿做?也不愿

eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜歡買新的車，也不去修舊車

prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意? eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜歡她不來 223 pretend to do sth 裝著去做什么 pretend that 從句

eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 這兩個騙子裝著努力工作 He pretended that he did not know the answer 他裝著不知道答案 224 rather?than 寧可??也不??

eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯當醫(yī)生，也不當老師 He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜歡狗，不喜歡貓 225 regard?as 把??當作??

eg: Please give my best regards to your family 請帶我向你的家人我最好的問候 I regard you as my friend 我把你當作我的朋友 He shows little regard for others 他不愛關(guān)心別人

226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 eg : he remids me about cooking(he remids me to cook 他提醒我做飯 227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么

eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 這照片使我想起了我的學校 the words that(which)the teacher talke to remind me of my mother 228 return sth to sb 還什么東西給某人 229 say to oneself 對自己說 230 say to sb 對某人說

231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少錢在某事上 232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少時間陪誰

233 sb spend sometime(in)doing sth 花了多少時間做某事 234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are 235 see sb do 看見某人做過某事 see sb doing 看見某人正在做某事

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 236 seem to do/be +adj 顯得怎么樣 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy 237 send +sb sth 送給某人某物 238 send?to?把什么寄到哪里去？

239 shock 使??震驚 eg : Oh , It's only you!You give me a shock 啊，是你呀！嚇我一跳

240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么東西給某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me 242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her.243 some?others? 一些??另一些??

244 start?with? 從??開始 begin?with? 從??開始 245 stay away from 遠離??

eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 當我們參觀zoo 時，我們要遠離動物

If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想減肥，你最好遠離甜食

246 stop doing 停下正在做的事

247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 248 stop sb(from)doing 阻止某人做某事 249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事 250 such +名 這樣，這種 251 suit sb 適合某人

252 surprise sb 使某人驚奇 to one's surprise 令某人驚奇 253 take classes 上課

254 take sb to 把某人帶去 eg : I take you to the hospital 255 take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk 散步

256 ①talk to 對誰說 eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和誰說 eg : I talk with him ③ talk of 談到 eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 談論關(guān)于?? 257 talk with sb 和某人說話 258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事 259 tell sb do sth 告訴某人做某事

260 tell sb sth tell sb that 叢句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story 261 tell sb sth 告訴某人某事

262 tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告訴某人不要做什么 263 tell?from?

264 thank you for +doing 265 the same +名詞(doing)+as??

266 the same?(名)?as as?(adj adv)?as 相同

267 the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing st做某方面 的方法the way to +地方 去哪的路

e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English 268 the way to?（地點）到哪的269 too?to? 太怎樣而不能??adj +enough to 足夠?能? so?that +叢句

葫蘆島六中中考復習材料（供內(nèi)部使用）

2013-3-28 eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to school He is old enough to go to school ＝ He is so old that he can go to school 270 transalte ??into?? 把什么翻譯成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese 271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth盡某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么，但沒成功 try doing sth 想干什么，已經(jīng)做過了

eg ：He tried to climb 他想爬上去，但沒成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去，已經(jīng)做過了

274 try?試衣服 have a try 試一下 275 turn down 開小 ←→ turn up 開大 276 turn off 關(guān)上 ←→ turn on 打開 open 拆開 277 upside down 倒著 278 visit to? 參觀某個地方 279 wait for sb 等某人

第三篇：初中英語as常用詞組

初中英語as常用詞組As---as象----一樣

As---above如上所述，如上

As----asever 依舊，總是

Asfar as到--為止

Asfor就---而論

Asfrom從----時起

Asif 好像

As itis但事實上，其實

As it were似乎，好像，簡直是As regards關(guān)于

As---so象---那樣

As thing are按目前狀況

As---to就---而論

As---well同樣

Aswellas也

Asyet現(xiàn)在還

So as to以便，為了要。

第四篇：初中英語詞組歸納

初中英語詞組歸納 介詞 + 名詞形式 `第一組

by accident 偶然

on account of 因為，由于in addition 另外

in addition to 除 …… 之外in the air 在流行中，在傳播中

on(the/an)average平均，一般來說on the basis of 根據(jù)，在 …… 的基礎上at(the)best 充其量，至多for the better 好轉(zhuǎn)，改善

on board 在船(車、飛機)上out of breath 喘不過氣來on business 因公，因事

in any case 無論如何，總之in case of 假使，萬一

in case 假如，以防(萬一)免得in no case 決不第二組

by chance 偶然，碰巧

in charge(of)負責，主管

(a)round the clock 晝夜不停地in common 共用，共有，共同in conclusion 最后，總之

on condition that 在 …… 條件下in confidence 信任

in connection with/to 關(guān)于in consequence 因此，結(jié)果

in consequence of 由于 …… 的緣故on the contrary 反之，正相反

in contrast with/to 與 …… 成對照out of control 失去控制under control 被控制住at all costs 不惜任何代價at the cost of 以 …… 為代價第三組

in the course of 在 …… 過程中，在 …… 期間

of course 當然，自然，無疑in danger 在危險中，垂危out of danger 脫離危險out of date 過期(時)的up to date 時新的in debt 欠債in detail 詳細地

in difficulties 處境困難in the distance 在遠處off duty 下班

on duty 值班，上班on earth 究竟，到底at all events 無論如何in any event 無論如何in effect 有效；實際上第四組

in the event of 萬一，如果發(fā)生for example 例如

with the exception of 除 …… 之外in the face of 面對，不顧，即使in fact 其實，實際上on fire 燒著on foot 步行

in force 有效；實施中

in favo(u)r of 有利于，贊成，支持 in front of 在 …… 面前

in(the)future 今后，將來on guard 警惕，防范in general 通常，大體上in half 成兩半

at hand 在手邊，在附近

from tip to toe 徹頭徹尾，完全

by hand 用手 hand down to 往下傳，傳給(后代)第五組

hand in hand 手拉手，攜手in hand 在掌握中，在控制中on hand 在手邊，臨近

on(the)one hand...一方面 ……，on the other hand...另一方面 ……at heart 在內(nèi)心；實質(zhì)上by heart 牢記，憑記憶

at home 在家，在國內(nèi)；自在，自如in honor of 以紀念，向 …… 表示敬意on one's honor 以名譽擔保in a hurry 匆忙地，立即for instance 例如，舉例說at intervals 不時，時時at last 最終，終于

at least 至少，最低限度in the least 一點，絲毫第六組

at length 終于，最后；詳細地in the light of 按照，根據(jù)in line 成一直線，排成一行

in line with 與 …… 一致，按照at a loss 困惑，不知所措

as a matter of fact 其實，事實上

by all means 無論如何，必定 by means of 借助于，用

by no means 決不in memory of 紀念

at the mercy of 在 …… 支配下by mistake 錯誤地

at the moment 現(xiàn)在，此刻for a moment 片刻，一會兒for the moment 現(xiàn)在，暫時

in a moment 立刻，馬上第七組

in nature 本質(zhì)上 on occasion 有時，不時in order 秩序井然，整齊in group to 以便，為了in group that 以便

out of order 發(fā)生故障，失調(diào)on one's own 獨自地，獨立地

in particular 特別地，尤其，詳細地in the past 在過去，以往in person 親自

in place 在適當?shù)奈恢胕n place of 代替

in the first place 起初，首先in the last place 最后

out of place 不得其所的，不適當?shù)膐n the point 即將 …… 的時候第八組

to the point 切中要害，切題in practice 在實際中，實際上out of practice 久不練習，荒疏at present 目前，現(xiàn)在for the present 目前，暫時

in proportion to(與 ……)成比例的in public 公開地，當眾for(the)purpose of 為了on purpose 故意，有意with the purpose of 為了in question 正在考慮at random 隨意地，任意地at any rate 無論如何，至少by reason of 由于as regards 關(guān)于，至于

with/in regard to 對于，就 …… 而論第九組

in/with relation to 關(guān)系到with respect to 關(guān)于as a result 結(jié)果，因此

as a result of 由于 …… 的結(jié)果in return 作為報答，作為回報on the road 在旅途中

as a rule 規(guī)章，規(guī)則；通常，照例in the long run 最終，從長遠觀點看for the sake of 為了 …… 起見on sale 出售；賤賣

on a large scale 大規(guī)模地on a small scale 小規(guī)模地in secret 秘密地，私下地in a sense 從某種意義上說in shape 處于良好狀態(tài)

on the side 作為兼職，額外第十組

at first sight 乍一看，初看起來in sight 被看到，在望

out of sight 看不見，在視野之外in spite of 不管，不顧；盡管，雖然on the spot 當場，在現(xiàn)場in step 同步，合拍

out of step 步調(diào)不一致，不協(xié)調(diào)in stock 現(xiàn)有，備有in sum 總而言之

in tears 流著淚，含淚，哭

in terms of 依據(jù)，按照；用 …… 措詞for one thing 首先，一則

on the second thoughts 經(jīng)重新考慮，一轉(zhuǎn)念at a time 每次，一次at no time 從不，決不

at one time 同時，曾經(jīng)，從前曾第十一組

at the same time 但是，然而at times 有時

for the time being 目前，暫時from time to time 有時，不時in no time 立即，馬上in time 及時，適時地on time 準時

on top of 在 …… 之上out of touch 失去聯(lián)系

in truth 事實上，實際上，的確on try 試穿

by turns 輪流，交替地in turn 依次，輪流in vain 徒勞，無效

a variety of 種種，各種by virtue of 由于第十二組

by the way 順便提一下，另外by way of 經(jīng)由，通過 …… 方式in a way 在某點，在某種程度上in no way 決不in the way of 妨礙

in one's/the way 妨礙，阻礙after a while 過了一會，不久for a while 暫時，一時on the whole 總的來說in a word 總而言之

in other words 換句話說，也就是說at work 在工作，忙于out of work 失業(yè)

in the world 到底，究竟動詞 + 名詞形式第十三組

have/gain access to 可以獲得take...into account 考慮

gain/have an advantage over 勝過，優(yōu)于pay the way for 為 …… 鋪平道路

take advantage of 利用，趁 …… 之機pay attention to 注意

do/try one's best 盡力，努力get the best of 勝過

make the best of 充分利用，妥善處理get the better of 打敗，致勝catch one's breath 屏息，歇口氣take care 小心，當心take care of 照顧，照料take a chance 冒險一試take charge of 擔任，負責

keep company with 與 …… 交往，與 ……take delight in 以 …… 為樂with delight 欣然，樂意地第十四組

make a/the difference 有影響，很重要carry/bring into effect 使生效，使起作用put into effect 實行，生效come/go into effect 生效，實施take effect 生效，起作用catch one's eye 引人注目keep an eye on 留意，照看make a face 做鬼臉find fault 埋怨，挑剔catch fire 著火

come/go into force 生效，實施make friends 交朋友，友好相處

be friends with 對 …… 友好，與 …… 交上朋友

make fun of 取笑，嘲弄keep one's head 保持鎮(zhèn)靜lost one's head 不知所措

第十五組

lose heart 喪失勇氣，失去信心get/learn by heart 記住，背誦get hold of 抓住，掌握

keep house 管理家務，做家務

throw/cast light on 使明白，闡明bear/keep in mind 記住

have in mind 記住，考慮到，想到make up one's mind 下決心

come/go into operation 使投入生產(chǎn)，使運轉(zhuǎn)put in order 整理，檢修

keep/hold pace with 跟上，與 …… 同步play a part 起作用take place 發(fā)生，進行take the place of 代替

come to the point 說到要點，扼要地說bring/carry into practice 實施，實行第十六組

make progress 進步，進展give rise to 引起，使發(fā)生make sense 講得通，有意義

catch the sight of 發(fā)現(xiàn)，突然看見(go)on the stage 當演員

take one's time 不急不忙，從容進行keep in touch 保持聯(lián)系

keep track 通曉事態(tài)，注意動向lose track 失去聯(lián)系make use of 利用

put to use 使用，利用give way 讓路，讓步lead the way 帶路，引路make one's way 前進，進行make way 讓路，開路

keep one's word 遵守諾言第十七組act on 作用

appeal to 呼吁，要求attempt at 企圖，努力

attitude to/towards 態(tài)度，看法a great/good deal of 大量(的)，許多(的)influence on 影響interference in 干涉

interference with 妨礙，打擾第十八組

introduce to 介紹

a lot(of)許多(的)，大量(的)lots of 大量，很多

fall in love with 相愛，愛上a matter of(關(guān)于 ……)的問題a number of 若干，許多reply to 回答，答復

a series of 一系列，一連串英語?？荚~語固定搭配(四)第十九組

trolley bus 電車I.D.card 身份證credit card 信用卡no doubt 無疑，必定next door 隔壁

out of doors 在戶外face to face 面對面地

as matter of fact 實際情況，真相a few 有些，幾個

quite a few 還不少，有相當數(shù)目的a little 一點，稍微，一些，少許little by little 逐漸地quite a little 相當多，不少no matter 無論

the moment(that)一 …… 就no more 不再第二十組

fair play 公平競賽；公平對待in demand 有需要，銷路好

rest room 廁所，盥洗室primary school 小學

side by side 肩并肩，一個挨一個heart and soul 全心全意step by step 逐步ahead of time 提前

all the time 一直，始終once upon a time 從前

once in a while 偶爾，有時no wonder 難怪，怪不得word for word 逐字地

decline with thanks 婉言謝絕動詞 + 介詞形式第二十一組

account for 說明(原因等)aim at 瞄準，針對allow for 考慮到appeal to 呼吁，要求arrive at 達成，得出ask after 詢問，問候ask for 請求，要求

attach to 附屬于，隸屬于begin with 從開始break into 闖入

break off 斷絕，結(jié)束break through 突破

break up 中止，結(jié)束；打碎，折斷bring about 帶來，造成bring down 打倒，挫傷；降低bring forth 產(chǎn)生，提上第二十二組

bring forward 提出

bring out 使出現(xiàn)；公布；出版bring up 教育，培養(yǎng)，使成長

build up 積累；堵塞；樹立，逐步建立；增進；鍛煉

call for 邀請；要求；需求

call forth 喚起，引起；振作起，鼓起call off 放棄，取消catch at 抓住(東西)

call on/upon 訪問，拜訪；號召，呼吁call up 召集，動員；打電話

care for 照管，關(guān)心；喜歡，意欲carry off 奪去

carry on 繼續(xù)下去；從事，經(jīng)營carry out 貫徹，執(zhí)行；實現(xiàn)come to 總計，達到；蘇醒，復原count on 依靠；期待，指望count up 把 …… 相加第二十三組

cover up 掩飾，掩蓋

cut across 走捷徑，抄近路deal with 處理，對付，安排do without 沒有 …… 也行fill in/out 填充，填寫get at 得到，接近；意思是get into 進入，陷入go after 追求

go into 進入；研究，調(diào)查

go for 竭力想取得；喜愛；支持，擁護go through 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；詳細檢查go with 伴隨，與 …… 協(xié)調(diào)go without 沒有 …… 也行improve on 改進keep to 保持，堅持lie in 在于

live up to 不辜負第二十四組

live on/by 靠 …… 生活，以 …… 為食live through 度過，經(jīng)受過look after 照管，照料look at 看望，注視look for 尋找，尋求

look into 調(diào)查，觀察，過問；窺視look over 檢查，查看，調(diào)查

look through 仔細查看，瀏覽，溫習make for 走向，駛向；有助于occur to 被想到，被想起

play with 以 …… 為消遣，玩弄refer to 參考，查閱，涉及，提到run for 競選

run into 撞上，偶然碰見

see to 注意，負責，照料，修理send for 派人去請，召喚；索取第二十五組

send in 呈報，遞交，送來serve as 作為，用作

set aside 挑出，撥出，留出；拒絕sit for 參加

stand by 支持，幫助；袖手旁觀stand for 代替，代表，意味著stand against 反抗，抵抗stick to 堅持，忠于，信守take after 與 …… 相像

take for 把 …… 認為是，把 …… 看成是take in 接受，吸收；了解，理解take to 喜歡，親近touch on 關(guān)系到，涉及turn into 變成turn to 變成；求助于，借助于turn off 關(guān)上；出產(chǎn)；解雇動詞 + 副詞形式第二十六組

break down 損壞，分解，瓦解break in 闖入；打斷，插嘴

break out 逃出；突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)

bring to 使恢復知覺burn out 燒掉

burn up 燒起來，旺起來；燒完catch on 理解，明白check in 辦理登記手續(xù)

check out 結(jié)賬后離開；檢驗，核查check up(on)校對，檢查，檢驗cheer up 使高興，使振奮clear away 掃除，收拾clear up 收拾；澄清；放晴make it clear that 弄清楚come off 實現(xiàn)，成功，奏效

come on 請，來吧，快點；開始，出場，上演come out 出版；出現(xiàn)，顯露；結(jié)果是

第二十七組

come round(around)來訪，前來；蘇醒，復原come through 經(jīng)歷，脫險

come up 走近，上來；發(fā)生，被提出cross out 刪去，取消cut back 削減，減少cut down 削減，降低

cut in(汽車)搶道；插嘴，打斷cut off 切斷；刪去；停止cut out 刪除

cut short 突然停止

die down 漸漸消失，平息die out 消失，滅絕

draw in(火車、汽車)到站draw up 寫上，畫上；草擬；停住dress up 穿上盛裝，打扮得很漂亮drop by/in 順便來訪dry out 干透，使干dry up 干涸，枯竭第二十八組

drop off 減弱，減少drop out 退出，離隊fall behind 落后

fall out 爭吵；結(jié)果是fall through 落空，失敗feed in 輸入find out 查明

get across 解釋清楚，使人了解

get around/round 走動，旅行；(消息)傳開get away 逃脫，離開get by 通過，經(jīng)過

get down 從 …… 下來；寫下get in 進入；收獲，收集

get off 從 …… 下來；離開，動身，開始get over 克服；(從病中)恢復過來get through 結(jié)束，完成；接通電話have got to(do)不得不，必須第二十九組get together 集合，聚集get up 起床；增加，增強give away 泄露；分送give back 送還，恢復give in 交上；投降，屈服give off 放出，釋放give out 分發(fā)，放出give up 停止，放棄

go ahead 開始，前進；領先go by 過去

go down 下降，降低；被載入，傳下去go off 爆炸，發(fā)射；動身，離開go out 外出；熄滅

go over 檢查，審查；復習，重溫go round/around 足夠分配

go under 下沉，沉沒；失敗；破產(chǎn)go through 通過，審查，完成第三十組

go up 上升，增加；建起

hand down 流傳下來，傳給，往下傳hand in 交上，遞交

hand on 傳下來，依次傳遞hand out 分發(fā)，散發(fā)，發(fā)給hand over 交出，移交，讓與hang about 閑蕩，徘徊，逗留hang back 猶豫，躊躇，畏縮hang on 抓緊不放；繼續(xù)下去hang up 掛斷(電話)have back 要回，收回have on 穿著，戴著

hold back 躊躇，退縮；阻止，抑制hold on 繼續(xù)，握住不放

hold out 維持，支持；堅持，不屈服hold up 舉起，阻擋，使停止；搶劫第三十一組

hurry up(使)趕快，迅速完成keep back 阻止，阻擋；隱瞞，保留keep down 控制，壓制，鎮(zhèn)壓；壓低keep off 不接近，避開

keep up 保持，維持；繼續(xù)，堅持let down 放下，降低；使失望

let in 讓 …… 進入，放 …… 進來let off 放(煙，煙火)，開(槍)let out 放掉，放出，發(fā)出line up 排隊，使排成一行l(wèi)ook back 回顧，回頭看

look out 留神，注意，提防，警惕look on 旁觀，觀看；看待，視作look up 查閱，查考；尋找(某人)look in 順便看望

make out 辨認，區(qū)分；理解，了解

make out of 用 …… 做，從 …… 得出第三十二組

make up 構(gòu)成，拼湊；彌補，賠償；化裝mix up 混淆，混合，搞糊涂pass away 去世，逝世pass off 中止，停止

pass to 轉(zhuǎn)到，討論，傳到pass out 失去知覺，昏倒pay back 償還，回報pay off 還清(債)

pay down 即時交付，用現(xiàn)金支付pay up 全部付清第三十三組

pick out 選出，挑出，揀出；辨認，辨別出pick up 拾起，(偶然)得到；(車船)中途搭(人)，學會

pull down 拆毀，拉倒；拉下，降低

pull in(車)停下，進站，船(到岸)pull off 脫(帽、衣)pull on 穿，戴

pull out 拔出，抽出；(車、船)駛出pull together 齊心協(xié)力pull up(使)停下

put across 解釋清楚，說明put aside 儲存，保留

put away 放好，收好；儲存

put down 記下，放下；鎮(zhèn)壓，平定put forward 提出put in 駛進

put on 穿上，戴上；上演；增加(體重)put out 熄滅，關(guān)(燈)；出版，發(fā)布；生產(chǎn)put right 改正(錯誤)，整理第三十四組

put up 提起，舉起，提(價)；為 …… 提供食宿，投宿

ring off 掛斷電話rub out 擦掉，拭去

run down 撞倒，撞沉；追捕，追查run off 復印，打印

run over 略讀，略述；輾過，瀏覽，匆匆復習see off 給 …… 送行

see through 看穿，識破；干完，干到底set back 推遲，延緩，阻礙

set down 卸下，放下，記下，記入set forth 闡明，陳述

set off 出發(fā)，動身；引起，使發(fā)生set out 陳列，顯示；動身，起程；制定set up 創(chuàng)立，建立，樹立；資助，扶持show in 領入

show off 炫耀，賣弄第三十五組

show up 使呈現(xiàn)，使醒目shut out 排除sit in 列席，旁聽sit up 遲睡，熬夜

speed up 使加速

stand out 突出，顯眼stand up 站起來，耐用step up 提高，加快，加緊step in 插入，介入

stick out 伸出，突出；堅持到底，繼續(xù)take away 消除；消耗take down 記下，寫下

take off 拿走，脫下；起飛

take on 呈現(xiàn)；接納，承擔，從事take over 接管，接辦

take up 占據(jù)；開始；拿起，接收

take up with 和 …… 交往，忍受，采用

第五篇：初中英語常用詞組復習

初中英語常用詞組復習

目錄

一、動詞詞組(包括短語動詞)、介詞詞組和其他詞組.....................1

(一)由be構(gòu)成的詞組(30).......................1(二)由come, do, get, give, go, have, help, keep, make, looke, put, set, send, take, turn, play

等動詞構(gòu)成的詞組(152)....................1(三)由其他動詞構(gòu)成的詞組(18).....................4

二、動詞短語、介詞短語和其他詞組(90)....................4

三、量詞詞組和其他詞組......................5

(一)量詞詞組(23).....................5(二)其他詞組(16).....................5一、動詞詞組(包括短語動詞)、介詞詞組和其他詞組(一)由be構(gòu)成的詞組(30)1)be back/in/out回來/在家/外出 2)be at home/work 在家/上班 3)be good at善于，擅長于 4)be careful of當心，注意，仔細 5)be covered with被……復蓋 6)be ready for為……作好準備 7)be surprised(at)對……感到驚訝 8)be interested in對……感到舉 9)be born出生

10)be on 在進行，在上演，（燈）亮著 11)be able to do sth.能夠做……

12)be afraid of(to do sth.that…)害怕……(不敢

做……，恐怕……)

13)be angry with sb.生(某人)的氣

14)be pleased(with)對……感到高興(滿意)15)be famous for以……而著名

16)be strict in(with)(對工作、對人)嚴格要求

17)be from來自……，什么地方人 18)be hungry/thirsty/tired餓了/渴了/累了 19)be worried 擔憂

20)be(well)worth doing(非常)值得做…… 21)be covered with 被……所覆蓋…… 22)be in(great)need of(很)需要 23)be in trouble處于困境中 24)be glad to do sth.很高興做…… 25)be late for ……遲到

26)be made of(from)由……制成 27)be satisfied with 對……感到滿意 28)be free空閑的，有空 29)be(ill)in bed臥病在床

30)be busy doing(with)忙于做……(忙于……)

(二)由come, do, get, give, go, have, help, keep, make, looke, put, set, send, take, turn, play等動詞構(gòu)成的詞組(152)

1)come back回來 2)come down 下來

3)come in 進入，進來 4)come on 快，走吧，跟我來 5)come out出來

6)come out of 從……出來 7)come up上來 8)come from 來自……

9)do one's lessons/homework做功課/回家作業(yè) 10)do more speaking/reading多做口頭練習/朗讀 11)do one's best 盡力

12)do some shopping(cooking reading, cleaning)買東西

(做飯菜，讀點書，大掃除)

13)do a good deed(good deeds)做一件好事(做好事)14)do morning exercises做早操 15)do eye exercises做眼保健操 16)do well in 在……某方面干得好 17)get up 起身

18)get everything ready把一切都準備好 19)get ready for(=be ready for)為……作好準備 20)get on(well)with與……相處(融洽)21)get back返回 22)get rid of 除掉，去除 23)get in 進入，收集 24)get on/off上/下車 25)get to到達 26)get there到達那里

27)give sb.a call給……打電話 28)give a talk作報告

29)give a lecture(a piano concert)作講座(舉行鋼琴音樂

會)

30)give back 歸還，送回

31)give……some advice on 給……一些忠告 32)give lessons to給……上課 33)give in屈服 34)give up放棄

35)give sb.a chance給……一次機會 36)give a message to……給……一個口信 37)go ahead先走，向前走，去吧，干吧 38)go to the cinema看電影

39)go go bed睡覺(make the bed 整理床鋪)

40)go to school(college)上學(上大學)41)go to(the)hospital去醫(yī)院看病

42)go over過一遍，復習/go over to朝……走去43)go fishing / skating / swimming /shopping去鉤魚/滑

冰/游泳/買東

44)go home(there)回家去(去那兒)45)go round順便去，繞道走 46)go up 上去

47)go out for a walk外出散步 48)go on(doing)繼續(xù)(做……)

49)go on with one's work繼續(xù)某人的工作 50)go upstairs/downstairs上/下樓 51)(the lights)go out(燈)熄了

52)have a lesson(lessons)/a meeting上課/開會 53)have a football match(basketball match)舉行一場足

球(藍球)賽 54)have dictation聽見 55)have a try試一試

56)have a good/wonderful time玩得很高興

57)have a lecture(a piano concert)聽講座(聽鋼琴音樂

會)

58)have a report(talk)on聽一個關(guān)于……的報告 59)have a glass of water(a cup of tea)喝一杯水，(一杯

茶)

60)have breakfast/lunch/supper吃早飯/午飯/晚飯 61)have a meal(three meals)吃一頓飯(三餐飯)62)have a dinner 吃正餐

63)have bread and milk for breakfast早飯吃面包和牛奶 64)have(have got)a headache 頭痛 65)have a fever發(fā)燒

66)have a cough(a cold)咳嗽(感冒)67)have a look(at)看一看……

68)have a rest(a break)休息一會兒(工間或課間休息)69)have a talk 談話

70)have a swim/walk游泳/散步 71)have sports進行體育鍛煉

72)have a sports meet(meeting)開運動會 73)have something done讓人(請人)做…… 74)have a test/an exam測驗/考試

75)have an idea有了個主意

76)had better do sth.(not do sth.)最好做……(最好不要

做……)

77)have a word with 與……談幾句話

78)help sb.with sth.help sb.do sth.在……方面幫助……

109)put into使進入，輸入 110)put one's heart into 全神貫注于 111)put…down…把……放下 112)put…into…把……譯成 113)set up豎起，建起 幫助……做

79)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat請隨便吃點雞/

魚/肉

80)help each other互相幫助

81)keep up with跟上……，不落后于…… 82)keep silent/quiet保持沉默/安靜 83)keep sb.doing sth.使……一直做…… 84)keep one's diary記日記

85)make a noise(a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵鬧

(十分嘈雜，響聲)86)make a living謀生

87)make sb.do sth.迫使某人做…… 88)make faces(a face)做鬼臉 89)make friends(with)與……交朋友 90)make a mistake(mistakes)犯錯誤 91)make room/space for給……騰出地方 92)make a sentence(sentences)with 用……造句 93)make a fire生火

94)be made from/of 由……制成 95)be made in 在……地方制造

96)look out of(outside)往外看(看外面)97)look up a word(in the dictionary)查字典 98)look up 往上看，仰望 99)look after 照管，照看，照顧 100)look for尋找 101)look like看上去像

102)look fine/well/tired/worried看起來氣色好/健康/疲

勞/憂慮

103)look out當心，小心

104)look on …as…把……當作……看待 105)look around朝四周看 106)look at看著……

107)put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)，上演(戲劇)108)put up建造，搭起，掛起，舉起，張?zhí)?/p>

114)set off出發(fā)，動身 115)set out出發(fā)

116)set an example for為……樹立榜樣 117)send for派人去請(叫)118)send out放出，發(fā)出 119)end up把……往上送，發(fā)射 120)take one's advice聽從某人勸告 121)take out拿出，取出 122)take down拿下 123)take place發(fā)生

124)take one's place坐……的座位，代替某人職務 125)take the place of代替…… 126)take a walk/rest散步/休息 127)take it easy別緊張 128)take sth.with sb.隨身帶著

129)take sb.to a park/London for one's holidays帶某人去

公園/倫敦度假

130)take care of關(guān)心，照顧，保管

131)take a look(a last look)at看一看(最后看一眼)132)take an exam參加考試 133)take away拿走 134)take back收回，帶回 135)take hold of抓住……

136)take off脫下(衣，帽，鞋等)拿掉 137)take(an active)part in(積極)參加(活動 138)take photos拍照139)take some medicine服藥

140)take a bus/train, boat/乘公共汽車，火車/船 141)turn on開，旋開(電燈，收音機等)142)turn off關(guān)上(電燈，收音機等)143)turn in 交出，上交 144)turn…into…變成 145)turn to翻到，轉(zhuǎn)向 146)turn down(把音量)調(diào)低

147)turn…over把……翻過來

148)play basketball打籃球，football踢足球，volleyball

打排球

149)play games做游戲

150)play the piano(the violin)彈鋼琴(拉小提琴)10)fall off跌落

11)catch cold著涼，傷風 12)catch up with趕上

13)agree with sb.贊成，同意某人的意見 14)filled……with把……裝滿 151)play with snow玩雪

152)play a joke(on)對……開玩笑(三)由其他動詞構(gòu)成的詞組(18)1)think over仔細考慮 2)arrive at/in a place到達某處 3)eat up吃完，吃光 4)do well in在……干得好

5)enjoy doing sth.like doing sth.喜歡做某事 事

6)find out發(fā)現(xiàn)，查出(真相等)7)finish off吃完，喝完 8)stop doing sth.停止做某事 9)stop to do sth.停下來去做某事 10)hold a meting舉行會議 11)hold up舉起 12)hurry up趕快，快點 13)enter for報名參加 14)langht at嘲笑 15)be used to習慣于 16)used to過去常常 17)wake up喚醒 18)work out算出

二、動詞短語、介詞短語和其他詞組(90)1)ask for向……要……，請求 2)ask for leave請假 3)send for派人去請(叫)4)pay for付……的款 5)wait for等候 6)thank for為……感謝

7)apologize to sb.for sth.為某事向某人道歉 8)look for 尋找

9)leave…for離開……去……

喜歡干某

15)tell sb.about sth.告訴某人某事 16)talk about談論…… 17)think about考慮…… 18)worry about擔憂…… 19)look after照料

20)run after追趕，跟在后面跑 21)read after跟……讀 22)smile at對……微笑 23)knock at敲(門、窗)24)shout at 對……大喊(嚷)25)throw away扔掉 26)work hard at努力做…… 27)wait in line排隊等候 28)change…into…變成 29)hurry into…匆忙進入 30)run into…跑進 31)hear of聽說 32)think of認為，考慮 33)catch hold of抓住 34)instead of代替…… 35)hand in交上來 36)stay in bed臥病在床 37)hear from收到……來信 38)at once立刻 39)at last最后 40)at first起先，首先

41)at the age of…在……歲時42)at the end of…在……之末 43)at the beginning of…在……之初 44)at the foot of…在……腳下 45)at the same time同時 46)at night/noon在夜里/中午

47)with one's help在某人的幫助下，由于某人的幫助48)with the help of …在……的幫助下

49)with a smile面帶笑容 50)with one's own eyes親眼看見 51)after a while過了一會兒 52)from now on從現(xiàn)在起 53)from then on從那時起 54)far example例如 55)far away from遠離

56)from morning till night從早到晚 57)by and by不久 58)by air mail寄航空郵件 59)by ordinary mail寄平信 60)by the way 順便說 61)by the window在窗邊 62)by the end of…到……底為止 63)little by little逐漸地 64)in all總共 65)in fact事實上

66)in one's twenties在某人二十幾歲時 67)in a hurry匆忙

68)in the middle of在……中間 69)in no time(in a minute)立刻，很快 70)in time(on time)及時 71)in public公眾，公開地 72)in order to為了…… 73)in front of在……前面 74)in the sun在陽光下 75)in the end最后，終于 76)in surprise驚奇地 77)in turn依次 78)of course當然 79)a bit(of)有一點兒 80)a lot of許多

81)on one's way to某人在去……的路上 82)on foot步行，走路

83)a talk on space一個關(guān)于太空的報告 84)on the other hand另一方面 85)at/on the weekend在周末 86)on the left(right)在左(右)邊 87)on the other side of在……另一邊

88)on the radio通過收音機(無線電廣播)89)to one's joy使……高興的是 90)to one's surprise使……驚訝的是

三、量詞詞組和其他詞組(一)量詞詞組(23)1)a bit一點兒

2)a few(of)一些(可數(shù))，幾個…… 3)a little一些(不可數(shù))4)a lot of(lots of)許多 5)a piece of一張(一片，塊)6)a cup of一茶懷 7)a glass of一玻璃杯

8)a pile of(piles and piles of)一堆(一堆堆的)…… 9)a box of一盒 10)a copy of一份，一本 11)a bowl of一碗 12)a basket of一籃 13)a plate of一盤 14)a bottle of一瓶 15)a basin of一臉盆 16)a set of一套 17)a kind of一種 18)a type of一種類型的19)a great deal of非常多，大量的(不可數(shù)名詞)20)a large(great)number of非常多，大量的(可數(shù)名

詞)

21)a great many大量，許多(可數(shù)名詞)22)a different type of一種不同型號的 23)a group of一隊，一組，一群(二)其他詞組(16)1)all kinds of各種各樣的2)all over the world/the country全世界/全國 3)all over遍及每一部分，渾身 4)all one's life一生 5)one after another順次 6)the Children's Palace少年宮

7)day after day日復一日 8)up and down上上下下 9)the day after tomorrow后天 10)the day before yesterday前天

11)the last/past two years(or so)最近兩年(左右)12)the whole country/the whole world全國/全世界 13)a moment ago剛才 14)just now/then剛才/那時

15)half an hour's walk步行半小時的路程 16)late on過后，后來