第一篇:廣東省惠東縣平海中學(xué)2014屆中考英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)(無(wú)(精)
賓語(yǔ)從句
一,引導(dǎo)詞
Listen and fill in the blanks:(把你聽(tīng)到你引導(dǎo)詞填在相應(yīng)的空格里。)1.I think _____you had better stop!2.Could you please tell me ____Tony will go? 3.Could you please tell me _______ Jane will go or not? 4.Could you please tell me ______we should arrive at school?
Let’ s sum tp: 當(dāng)從句是陳述句時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞用____,在句中有/沒(méi)有意義,所以可以/不可以省略。
當(dāng)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),由連詞 _____或 ______引導(dǎo), 翻譯成:“_____”,所以可以/不可以省略。whether…與 ________ 是固定搭配.當(dāng)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞用________,在句中有一定的含義,所以可以/不可以省略。
即時(shí)鞏固:
I don't know ___ he still lives here after so many years.A.whether B where C.what D.when Read and find out the mistakes:
二、語(yǔ)序。
閱讀小對(duì)話,發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤并改正。
A: Excuse me.Can you tell me the way to the toilet? B: Sorry, I don' t know where is the toilet.I am new here, too.I think you had better ask the policeman over there.A: Thank you all the same....Excuse me.Can you tell me how can I get to toilet? C: Oh, it's over there.Let's sum up: 從句必須用______語(yǔ)序。
即時(shí)鞏固: Excuse me.Can you tell me ________? A.how does the ship leave B.when the ship leaves C.the ship had left
三、時(shí)態(tài)。(分析下面兩個(gè)句子的主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài))1.Tony says that he wants to go to shenzhen again!2.Tony said that he wanted to go to shenzhen again!
Let's sum up: 1.當(dāng)主句是_________--從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)句意的需要用任 意一種時(shí)態(tài)。2.主句是過(guò)去時(shí)-----從句的時(shí)態(tài)變成_________
注意:3.He said that the earth ______(go)around the sun.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句敘述的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、諺語(yǔ)等,不管主句是什么時(shí)態(tài),從句一律用__________。即時(shí)鞏固:
1.Why not answer me? Did you hear _______? A.what I say B.what I said C.what do I day 2.The teacher told his students that light ______ faster than sound A.was traveling B.traveled C.travel D.travels
Group work : discuss and finish(小組討論完成下列4道思考題)思考1:如何簡(jiǎn)化下列句子。
Can you tell me how I can get to the post office? Can you tell me____ ____ ____ to the post office?
注意問(wèn)題1: 從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句, 當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)與從句主語(yǔ)是一致, 可簡(jiǎn)化成: ___________.思考2:選擇
()7 Could you tell me if he ______ to Beijing.A.has gone B.had gone C.went D.go 注意問(wèn)題2:
could / would是_______語(yǔ)氣,而不是過(guò)去式,因此賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用不同時(shí)態(tài)。
思考3: 判斷下列句子的正誤
I don’t know what the matter is with him.()I don’t know what is the matter with him.()如果當(dāng)一些固定句式或what等在從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí),語(yǔ)序本身就是“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)” ,即從句部分語(yǔ)序__________.(變/不變)
Eg: i don’t know ______________ him.(what's wrong with...)
廣東中考題回放(看誰(shuí)做得最快,并能說(shuō)出理由。)1.(2011)The two watches are both very beautiful.I really don't know_______.A.what to choose B.which to choose C.to choose what D.to choose which 2.(2012)---Could you tell me________?---Cerainly.In half an hour.A.when will the high speed train arrie B.when the high speed train will arrive C.when would the high speed train arrive D.when the high speed train would arrive 3.(2013)—Do you know ________? —He was born in America A.what he is B.when he was born C.where he comes from D.if he lives on TV
Writing: 請(qǐng)你回憶下這次的深圳之旅,以“An unforgetful trip為題寫一篇電子郵件給你的朋友Tony,告訴他關(guān)于這次難忘的旅行。(適當(dāng)使用賓語(yǔ)從句)
提示:
1.介紹人物地點(diǎn)
2.請(qǐng)舉出一至兩個(gè)難忘的事件 3.邀請(qǐng)他下次一起去深圳玩。Dear Tony, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二篇:2014年中考英語(yǔ)分類復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句
學(xué)知源教育高中組:花倩妮
初中英語(yǔ)分類練習(xí)
——定語(yǔ)從句
定語(yǔ)從句專練
(一)1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.in which
2.Do you know the man _______?
A.whom I spokeB.to who spokeC.I spoke toD.that I spoke
3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.which they stayedB.at that they stayed
C.where they stayed atD.where they stayed
4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.on which
5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.whichB.on whichC.in whichD.when
6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A.whereB.to whichC.whichD.in which
7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there
8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this yearB.that have shown
C.that has been shown this yearD.that you talked
9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A.about which you talkedB.which you talked
C.about that you talkedD.that you talked
10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with whichB.in whichC.on whichD.by which
11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that
12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whomB.on whomC.with whichD.with whom
13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?
A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose
14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A.all thatB.all whatC.thatD.which
15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as
16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as
17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A.thatB.asC.whomD.what
18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went withB.with whom I wentC.with who I went D.I went with him
19.I don't like ______ as you read.A.the novelsB.the such novelsC.such novelsD.same novels
20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what
21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who
22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who
23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who
24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose titleB.its titleC.the title of itD.the title of that
25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for whichB.for thatC.in whichD.what
26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it
27.I can never forget the day ______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.on which;when
28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./
29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in whichB.with whichC.thatD.for which
30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have lookedB.which I have looked after
C.that I have looked afterD.I have looked after
31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.for that;thatD.for which;what
32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.thatB.whichC.for whichD.who
33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./B.whichC.for whichD.with which
34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of whichB.either of whichC.both of thatD.both of which
35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as wasB.which wasC.as wereD.which
36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it
37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.thatB.whichC.from thatD.from which
38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.thatB.which C.who D.as
39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./B.whyC.whenD.whose
40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A.thatB.whichC.itD.though
41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened?---Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that
42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has
a great effect on my life.A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which
43.The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are
44.During the days _______, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followedB.followingC.to followD.that followed
45.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn?
A.thatB./C.whichD.it
46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _____ he could see ____ was going on inside house.A.which;whatB.through which;what C.through that;what D.what;that
47.Is _______ some German friends visited last week?
A.this schoolB.this the schoolC.this school oneD.this school where
48.John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A.asB.thatC.whatD.who
49.I have bought two ball pens, _______ writes well.A.none of themB.neither of themC.neither of which D.none of which
50.All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A.are beingB.has beenC.had beenD.have been
第三篇:【最新整理】2014年中考英語(yǔ)分類復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)并列復(fù)合句與狀語(yǔ)從句用法詳解
初中英語(yǔ)分類練習(xí)
——并列復(fù)合句與狀語(yǔ)從句
并列復(fù)合句
由并列連詞(and, but, or, so, not only?but also, however, neither? nor, either?or, still)把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的互相獨(dú)立的分句連接而成的句子叫做并列句。并列句之間的關(guān)系有并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、因果等關(guān)系。
1.并列關(guān)系
He is a lovely boy and he is helpful.他很可愛(ài),樂(lè)于助人。
2.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
I can come, but will be a little late.我能來(lái),但是要稍晚一些。
3.選擇關(guān)系
Either give a hand, or leave right away.或者幫忙,或者立刻離開(kāi)。
4.因果關(guān)系
She is kind to the others, so all of us love her.她對(duì)別人很好,所以我們都喜歡她。
狀語(yǔ)從句
在復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的從句叫狀語(yǔ)從句。例如:He didn't go to school yesterday because he was ill.(修飾動(dòng)詞go)昨天他沒(méi)去上學(xué),因?yàn)樗×恕?/p>
We must study so well as our teacher hoped.(修飾副詞well)我們應(yīng)該學(xué)得你我們老師希望的那么好。
Lucy is younger than Jim(is)。(修飾形容詞younger)
露茜比吉姆年輕。
狀語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)是主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分,即陳述句的語(yǔ)序。
狀語(yǔ)從句的位置,可以放在主句前面或后面,但是若放在主句前面,要用逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi);主句若是疑問(wèn)句,那么時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句的前面。
狀語(yǔ)從句的用法
狀語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)它表達(dá)的意思不同可分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、比較狀語(yǔ)從句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句如果放在主句前通常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。
1)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句由when, while, after, before, since, as soon as, till, until等連詞引導(dǎo)。
例如:
I went to bed after the TV play was ever.電視劇完了以后我上床睡覺(jué)。
Could you look after her while we're away?
我們不在時(shí)你能照顧她嗎?
She has taught in this school since she came to this city in 1989.自從****年她來(lái)到這座城市以來(lái)一直在這所學(xué)校教書。
Wait until I come back.請(qǐng)你等到我回來(lái)。
注意:
如主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí),則表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
例如:
I'll write to you as soon as I get to Beijing.我一到北京就將寫信給你。
It will get warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天來(lái)臨時(shí),天氣將變得越來(lái)越暖和。
2)原因狀語(yǔ)從句
原因狀語(yǔ)從句由because, as, since等連詞引導(dǎo)。
例如:
He sold the car because it was too small.他賣掉那輛小汽車,因?yàn)樗×恕?/p>
Since you won't help me, I must do the job myself.你既然不幫我忙,我必須自己做這項(xiàng)工作。
As my mother is away at this moment, I have to look after my younger sister.由于我的媽媽現(xiàn)在不在,我不得不照顧我的妹妹。
注意:
a)because, as, since, for的用法辨析
because, as, since, for都是表示各種理由的連詞,但because多表示所敘述的理由是本句的重點(diǎn),故because所引導(dǎo)的從句常放在句末。
例如:
Why was he absent? Because he was badly ill.他為什么缺度?因?yàn)樗〉煤苤亍?/p>
as, since用于表示理由是已知,而理由以外才是敘述的重點(diǎn),兩者皆多用于句首,但要注意since重形式,as多表示理由以外的才是重點(diǎn)。
例如:
As it is raining, let's stay as home.因?yàn)橄掠?,我們就留在家里吧?/p>
Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive.因?yàn)槟銢](méi)有駕駛執(zhí)照,所以你不可以開(kāi)車。
for不用于句首,而用于主句之后,補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由;主句表推測(cè)時(shí),用for說(shuō)明原因。例如:
I'll follow his advice, for he is a doctor.我會(huì)聽(tīng)從他的勸告,因?yàn)樗轻t(yī)生。
b)because of也是表示原因狀語(yǔ),但后面只能跟短語(yǔ)。例如:
I stayed at home because of the bad weather.因?yàn)樘鞖獠缓梦伊粼诩依铩?/p>
3)比較狀語(yǔ)從句
比較狀語(yǔ)從句由than或as來(lái)引導(dǎo)。例如:
I feel better now than(I was)before.我現(xiàn)在覺(jué)得比以前好了。
He writes as well as you(do).他寫得和你一樣好。
This problem is more difficult than that one(is).這道題比那道題難。
4)條件狀語(yǔ)從句
條件狀語(yǔ)從句由if, unless(= if not)算連詞引導(dǎo)。條件從句中的動(dòng)詞多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。例如:
I shall go if he asks me.如果他請(qǐng)我,我就去。
I shan't go unless he asks me.除非他請(qǐng)我,否則我是不去的。
I shall go, whether he asks me or not.不管他請(qǐng)不請(qǐng)我,我都要去。
Come with me if you have time.如果你有時(shí)間請(qǐng)跟我來(lái)。
I want to watch a basketball match if I'm well tonight.如果今晚我好了的話,我要看一場(chǎng)籃球賽。
由and連接的簡(jiǎn)單句,可以用條件狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)改寫。例如:
Run faster and you'll catch up with him.跑快點(diǎn)兒你就會(huì)趕上他。
=If you run faster, you'll catch up with him.如果你跑得快點(diǎn),你就會(huì)趕上他。
5)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句
結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句由so that, so? that引導(dǎo)。例如:
He has lost his bike so that he can't come to school on time.(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))他去了自行車,所以不能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到校。
Your shirt were so dirty that you must wash it.(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))
你的襯衣這么臟,你應(yīng)該把它洗洗。
注意:
由so?that引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句若是表示否定意思,可以用too?to(太?而不能)來(lái)替換。例如:
She was so angry that she could not say a word.=She was too angry to say a word.她氣得說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。
6)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
讓步狀語(yǔ)從句一般用though(雖然)、although(雖然)、even though(即使)引導(dǎo)。例如:
Though/Although he tried hard, he was not successful.他雖然努力嘗試,但沒(méi)有成功。
He went on working though it was very late.雖然很晚了,他還在繼續(xù)工作。注意:
1.漢語(yǔ)中的“雖然?但是?”在英語(yǔ)中用連詞though就可以了,或單獨(dú)使用but連接兩個(gè)并列句也可以,但不能在一個(gè)句子中同時(shí)用這兩個(gè)連詞(主句前不用連詞)。例如:“雖然我很喜歡照顧我姐姐的嬰兒,但她不讓我干”。
這個(gè)句子我們可以用下面兩種方法來(lái)表達(dá)。
Though I like looking after my sister's baby, she doesn't let me do it.I like looking after my sister's baby, but she doesn't let me do it.=though可以與yet連用,這里yet雖然意思與but相同,但yet不是連詞,而是副詞。例如:Though it was cold, yet he went out without a coat.雖然很冷,但他沒(méi)穿外衣就出去了。
二、復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)需要注意的要點(diǎn)
(1)當(dāng)整句句子處于過(guò)去時(shí)的情況下,主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí),從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
(2)當(dāng)整句句子處于將來(lái)時(shí)的情況下,總是主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
(3)由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,句子處于將來(lái)時(shí)的情況下,與所有的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一樣,主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
例如:I am going to be a doctor when I grow up
(4)整句句子處于將來(lái)時(shí)的情況下,且兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行,則持續(xù)的那個(gè)動(dòng)作用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),瞬間的那個(gè)動(dòng)作用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
例如:I met my English teacher when I was walking in the street.(5)像He turned on TV set at once when he got home,整句句子處于過(guò)去時(shí)的情況下,且兩個(gè)動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生,when=after,則時(shí)態(tài)與after一致,主句從句都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
(6)像The class had already begun when I entered the classroom.整句句子處于過(guò)去時(shí)的情況下,且兩個(gè)動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生,但這里的when=before,則時(shí)態(tài)與before一致,主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí),從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練
一、例題選講
例1 He ________ the exam if he ________ harder.A. passes?works
C. will pass?will work
答案: B
提示: 在英語(yǔ)中,if既能夠引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,又能夠引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。但要注意主
句中的謂語(yǔ)是及物還是不及物動(dòng)詞。此句中pass the exam已經(jīng)明確表示
有賓語(yǔ),if就是引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ),主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
例2 While she ________(watch)TV, the bell _________(ring).答案: was watching,rang
提示: 由while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是正在進(jìn)行看電視這個(gè)動(dòng)作,門鈴響了這動(dòng)作也發(fā)生了,因此從句用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。B. will pass?works D. passes?will work
第四篇:廣東省深圳市深圳中學(xué)2018年中考物理總復(fù)習(xí)題型訓(xùn)練:電學(xué) 選擇題【word】無(wú)答案
廣東省深圳市2018年中考物理總復(fù)習(xí)題型訓(xùn)練
電學(xué) 選擇題
一、單選題
1.如圖所示,小葉同學(xué)用與絲綢摩擦過(guò)的玻璃棒接觸驗(yàn)電器的金屬球,看到驗(yàn)電器的金屬箔張開(kāi).下面說(shuō)法正確的是()
A.玻璃棒和金屬球都是絕緣體 B.瞬間電流的方向是從玻璃棒到驗(yàn)電器 C.玻璃棒帶正電,驗(yàn)電器帶負(fù)電 D.金屬箔張開(kāi)是因?yàn)樗鼈儙狭水惙N電荷
2.用兩根絕緣細(xì)線,分別將甲、乙兩個(gè)相同的輕質(zhì)小球懸掛起來(lái),兩個(gè)小球都帶正電,在將乙球慢慢靠近甲球時(shí),會(huì)出現(xiàn)的情形是()
A.B.C.D.3.某學(xué)校的前、后兩個(gè)門各裝一個(gè)開(kāi)關(guān),傳達(dá)室內(nèi)有紅、綠兩盞燈和電池組,若前門來(lái)人閉合開(kāi)關(guān)時(shí)紅燈亮,后門來(lái)人閉合開(kāi)關(guān)時(shí)綠燈亮,圖中的電路符合要求的是()A.B.C.D.4.下列關(guān)于材料、技術(shù)及能源的說(shuō)法中正確的是()
A.數(shù)碼相機(jī)的圖象傳感器與處理芯片是由半導(dǎo)體材料制成的 B.微波爐是利用電流的熱效應(yīng)來(lái)加熱食品的
C.我國(guó)海域深處蘊(yùn)藏大量的“可燃冰”屬于可再生能源
D.“華龍一號(hào)”第三代核電站是利用核聚變釋放出的能量來(lái)發(fā)電的
5.用同種材料制成的粗細(xì)均勻的某段金屬導(dǎo)體,對(duì)于其電阻大小下列說(shuō)法中正確是()
A.當(dāng)導(dǎo)體兩端的電壓或通過(guò)導(dǎo)體的電流為零時(shí),導(dǎo)體的電阻為零 B.當(dāng)導(dǎo)體被均勻拉長(zhǎng)至原來(lái)二倍時(shí),它的電阻增大為原來(lái)二倍
C.電阻是導(dǎo)體本身的一種性質(zhì),所以溫度無(wú)論如何變化,它的電阻也不可能變?yōu)榱?/p>
D.電阻是導(dǎo)體本身的一種性質(zhì),與電壓和電流無(wú)關(guān)
6.如圖所示,電源電壓不變,當(dāng)開(kāi)關(guān)S1、S2同時(shí)閉合時(shí),電流表的示數(shù)是0.3A,電壓表示數(shù)是6V。若兩表互換位置,當(dāng)開(kāi)關(guān)S2閉合、S1斷開(kāi)時(shí),電流表示數(shù)是0.2A,則下列說(shuō)法不正確的是
A.R1和R2的阻值之比是2:1 B.R1的阻值是20Ω C.電壓表示數(shù)仍是6V D.R2(互換后和互換前)消耗的功率之比為9:1
7.如圖所示,閉合開(kāi)關(guān)S,發(fā)現(xiàn)燈泡L1亮,L2不亮.調(diào)節(jié)變阻器滑片P,L1變亮,L2始終不亮,出現(xiàn)這一現(xiàn)象的原因可能是()
A.滑動(dòng)變阻器斷路 B.滑動(dòng)變阻器短路 C.燈泡L2短路 D.燈泡L2斷路
8.如圖所示,AB和BC是由鋁制成的長(zhǎng)度相同、橫截面積不同的兩段導(dǎo)體,將它們串聯(lián)后連入電路中,下列說(shuō)法正確的是()
A.AB段的電阻小于BC段的電阻
B.通電相同時(shí)間,AB段消耗的電能大于BC段消耗的電能 C.這兩段金屬導(dǎo)體中的電流是由正電荷定向移動(dòng)形成的
D.若將AB段材料換成銅,其他條件不變,這兩段導(dǎo)體的總電阻將變大
9.下列關(guān)于歐姆定律(I=)說(shuō)法不正確的是()
A.由I=B.由I=C.由I=可知,當(dāng)導(dǎo)體電阻R一定時(shí),導(dǎo)體中電流I跟兩端電壓U成正比 可知,當(dāng)導(dǎo)體兩端電壓U一定時(shí),導(dǎo)體中電流I跟電阻R成反比 變形可得R=,說(shuō)明導(dǎo)體的電阻跟其兩端電壓成正比,跟通過(guò)它的電流成反比 D.由I=變形可得R=,說(shuō)明導(dǎo)體的電阻R在數(shù)值上等于U跟I的比值,但由于電阻是導(dǎo)體本身的屬性,其大小跟U、I無(wú)關(guān)
10.下列數(shù)據(jù)中,最接近實(shí)際情況的是()
A.普通家用照明燈的工作電流約為2A B.一節(jié)新干電池的電壓約為1.5V C.家用電風(fēng)扇的額定功率約為2000W D.電飯鍋加熱檔的功率約為100W
11.如圖所示,當(dāng)S、S1閉合,滑動(dòng)變阻器的滑片P位于中點(diǎn)時(shí),電壓表
的示數(shù)為U1,滑動(dòng)變阻器消耗的功率為0.9W;當(dāng)S、S2閉合,滑動(dòng)變阻器的滑片P位于最左端時(shí),電壓表 的示數(shù)為2U1,滑動(dòng)變阻器消耗的功率為0.2W,則R1與R2的比值是()
A.1:18 B.18:1 C.1:6 D.6:1
12.如圖所示,電源電壓保持不變,小燈泡L1、L2分別標(biāo)有“6V 3W”和“6V 6W”的字樣,滑動(dòng)變阻器R的阻值變化范圍為0~12Ω,當(dāng)S1、S2和S3都閉合,滑動(dòng)變阻器的滑片滑到a端時(shí),兩燈都正常發(fā)光.不考慮溫度對(duì)燈泡電阻的影響,則()
A.電源電壓為12 V B.兩燈都正常發(fā)光時(shí)電流表的示數(shù)為3A C.整個(gè)電路的最小功率2.25W D.整個(gè)電路的最大功率9 W
13.如圖所示的電路,電源電壓不變,R1為熱敏電阻,其阻值隨溫度的升高而減?。]合開(kāi)關(guān)S,當(dāng)監(jiān)控區(qū)的溫度升高時(shí),電壓表示數(shù)U與電流表示數(shù)I的關(guān)系圖象是()
A.B.C.D.14.如圖所示,是某電器內(nèi)部的電路結(jié)構(gòu)圖,R1、R2為阻值相同的電熱絲.不同的連接方式其發(fā)熱功率不同.下列說(shuō)法不正確的是()
A.甲的發(fā)熱功率與丙的發(fā)熱功率相等 B.丁的發(fā)熱功率是丙的發(fā)熱功率的2倍 C.丙的發(fā)熱功率是乙的發(fā)熱功率的2倍 D.丁的發(fā)熱功率是乙的發(fā)熱功率的4倍
15.如圖所示,電源電壓保持不變,L1、L2、L3是電阻保持不變的燈泡,L2、L3完全相同.第一次開(kāi)關(guān)S、S1、S2都閉合時(shí),L1的電功率為25W;第二次只閉合開(kāi)關(guān)S時(shí),L1的電功率為16W.則下列說(shuō)法正確的是()
A.L1、L2兩燈絲電阻之比為1:4 B.只閉合S時(shí),L1和L3的功率之比為1:4 C.L1前后兩次的電壓之比為25:16 D.前后兩次電路消耗的總功率之比為25:4
16.一個(gè)標(biāo)有“220V 440W”的電熱器,當(dāng)通過(guò)它的電流為1A時(shí),它的實(shí)際功率()
A.等于額定功率 B.大于額定功率 C.小于額定功率 D.無(wú)法判斷
17.如圖所示電路中,電源電壓不變,R1為定值電阻,R2為滑動(dòng)變阻器(a、b為其兩端點(diǎn)).閉合開(kāi)關(guān)S,當(dāng)滑片P在某一端點(diǎn)時(shí),電流表示數(shù)為0.1A,R2消耗的電功率為lW;當(dāng)滑片P移動(dòng)至某一位置時(shí),電流表示數(shù)為0.3A,R2消耗的電功率為1.8W.則當(dāng)滑片P從a移到b的過(guò)程中()
A.電流表示數(shù)變化了0.6AB.電壓表示數(shù)變化了4VC.R1消耗的電功率變化了5WD.電路消耗的總功率變化了6W
18.關(guān)于安全用電常識(shí),以下說(shuō)法中錯(cuò)誤的是()
A.開(kāi)關(guān)可以接在火線上,也可以接在零線上B.使用測(cè)電筆時(shí),手必須接觸筆尾的金屬體C.發(fā)現(xiàn)家用電器或?qū)Ь€失火時(shí),必須先切斷電源,然后再救火D.三孔插座,其中有一孔接地線,目的是為了避免因用電器漏電而發(fā)生觸電事故
19.如圖所示,是家庭電路中接入的感應(yīng)式電能表.由電能表的示數(shù)及其技術(shù)參數(shù)可知,有關(guān)說(shuō)法正確的是()
A.家庭電路的總電阻是88Ω B.每轉(zhuǎn)1周電路耗電1875J C.電路的可接入用電器的最大功率為550W D.電路消耗的電能是8.95×109J
20.下列生活用電的做法.正確的是()
A.用銅絲代替保險(xiǎn)絲 B.開(kāi)關(guān)接在零線和用電器之間 C.用電器的金屬外殼與地線相連 D.插座上同時(shí)接入多個(gè)大功率用電器
21.如圖所示的家庭電路中,閉合開(kāi)關(guān)后燈泡不亮.用試電筆檢測(cè)插座的兩孔,發(fā)現(xiàn)只有插入右孔時(shí)氖管才發(fā)光.用試電筆檢測(cè)A點(diǎn)氖管發(fā)光,檢測(cè)B點(diǎn)氖管不發(fā)光.發(fā)生這一現(xiàn)象的原因可能是()
A.燈泡短路 B.燈絲斷了 C.開(kāi)關(guān)接觸不良 D.插座短路
22.小天利用手中的條形磁體做了以下小實(shí)驗(yàn),其中結(jié)論正確的是()
A.條形磁體能夠吸引小鐵釘 B.同名磁極相互吸引
C.將條形磁體用細(xì)線懸掛起來(lái),當(dāng)它在水平面靜止時(shí)北極會(huì)指向地理南方 D.條形磁體與小磁針之間隔了一層薄玻璃后就不可能有互相作用了
23.如圖與電有關(guān)的設(shè)備中,下列說(shuō)法正確的是()
A.甲圖中的電能表是用于測(cè)量用電器電功率的儀表 B.乙圖中三角插頭的其中一個(gè)腳與用電器金屬外殼連接 C.丙圖中無(wú)人機(jī)的電動(dòng)機(jī)在工作時(shí)將機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能 D.丁圖中POS機(jī)檢測(cè)頭利用的電磁感應(yīng)原理是安培首先發(fā)現(xiàn)的
24.為了探究電磁鐵的磁性強(qiáng)弱與哪些因素有關(guān),某同學(xué)使用兩個(gè)相同的大鐵釘繞制成電磁鐵進(jìn)行實(shí)踐,如圖所示,下列說(shuō)法中正確的是()
A.要使電磁鐵的磁性增強(qiáng),滑動(dòng)變阻器的滑片應(yīng)向右滑動(dòng) B.用電磁鐵吸引大頭針的數(shù)目顯示它的磁性強(qiáng)弱 C.兩電磁鐵的線圈串聯(lián)是為了探究磁性強(qiáng)弱與電流的關(guān)系 D.B線圈的匝數(shù)多,說(shuō)明通過(guò)B線圈的電流大于通過(guò)A線圈的電流
25.某家庭電路的部分電路如圖所示,其中甲、乙兩處分別裝用電器和開(kāi)關(guān).對(duì)此電路,下列說(shuō)法正確的是()
A.火線上的保險(xiǎn)絲應(yīng)該改裝到零線上 B.甲處應(yīng)裝用電器,乙處應(yīng)裝開(kāi)關(guān)
C.當(dāng)用電器功率增大時(shí),通過(guò)保險(xiǎn)絲的電流就增大 D.當(dāng)保險(xiǎn)絲熔斷后,可以用銅絲代替
26.如圖所示,ab金屬棒與導(dǎo)線、電流表、開(kāi)關(guān)組成閉合回路,下列說(shuō)法正確的是()
A.當(dāng)ab棒向左運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),電流表的指針偏轉(zhuǎn),電動(dòng)機(jī)是根據(jù)這個(gè)原理制作的 B.當(dāng)ab棒向左運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),電流表的指針偏轉(zhuǎn),發(fā)電機(jī)是根據(jù)這個(gè)原理制作的 C.當(dāng)ab棒沿磁感線方向運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),電流表的指針偏轉(zhuǎn),電動(dòng)機(jī)是根據(jù)這個(gè)原理制作的
D.當(dāng)ab棒沿磁感線方向運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),電流表的指針偏轉(zhuǎn),發(fā)電機(jī)是根據(jù)這個(gè)原理制作的
27.如圖,是手搖式手電筒,只要轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)手電筒的搖柄,燈泡就能發(fā)光.下列實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)芙沂臼蛛娡补ぷ髟淼氖牵ǎ?/p>
A.B.C.D.28.對(duì)于遠(yuǎn)距離輸電,下列說(shuō)法正確的是()
A.遠(yuǎn)距離輸電輸送的是直流電 B.高壓輸電可以減少電能損失 C.高壓線路上的電壓可以隨意升高 D.輸電線上的電阻越大,則電能損失越小
29.如圖所示的用電器中,利用電動(dòng)機(jī)工作的是()
A.電扇B.電燈
C.電熱水壺D.電飯鍋
30.如圖所示是某電子秤的結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖,其中P是一個(gè)可以緊貼AB 滑動(dòng)的金屬滑片,S為自動(dòng)控制開(kāi)關(guān)。閉合開(kāi)關(guān)S,秤盤內(nèi)不放物體時(shí),電子秤刻度表示數(shù)為0;在秤盤內(nèi)放入物體時(shí),就可以從電子秤刻度表上讀出該物體的質(zhì)量;當(dāng)被測(cè)物體的質(zhì)量超過(guò)電子秤量程時(shí),開(kāi)關(guān)S自動(dòng)斷開(kāi),電子秤無(wú)示數(shù)。則下列判斷正確的是()
A.電子秤的刻度表是一個(gè)電流表,它的示數(shù)越小說(shuō)明所稱物體質(zhì)量越大 B.電子秤的刻度表是一個(gè)電壓表,它的示數(shù)越大說(shuō)明所稱物體質(zhì)量越大 C.電子秤的AB 部分是一個(gè)滑動(dòng)變阻器,且A端為絕緣體 D.電子秤所稱物體的質(zhì)量越大;消耗的電能越少
31.如圖所示,電源電壓保持不變,小燈泡的額定電壓為12V,閉合開(kāi)關(guān)S后,滑片P從最右端滑到最左端的過(guò)程中,小燈泡的I-U關(guān)系圖像如圖乙所示,下列說(shuō)法中錯(cuò)誤的是()
A.電源電壓為12V B.滑動(dòng)變阻器的最大阻值為9Ω C.該電路總功率變化范圍為12W—24W D.小燈泡的額定功率為12W