第一篇：高中英語(yǔ) 選修6Unit3改編語(yǔ)法填空,詞匯變形練習(xí)及答案

Unit 3 A healthy life Reading

At his eighties, my grandad was still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon, 1._____ seems amazing to me and I think it’s due to the 2.______(health)life he lives.My granddad knew that I started smoking and now I am finding it difficult to give it up.Therefore, he wrote a letter to give me some advice.He told me how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is 3.______(stop), as he became addicted to cigarettes during adolescence as well.Indeed, there are three different ways that makes us become addicted.First, we can become physically addicted to nicotine.This means that after a while our body becomes accustomed to 4.____(have)nicotine in it and we will feel bad-tempered and even in pain.In addition, we become addicted through habit.That’s because people begin to do it automatically if they do the same thing over and over again.Lastly, we become mentally addicted.Smokers believe they are 5._____(happy)and more relaxed after having a cigarette, 6._____ they began to think that they could only feel good when they smoked.Smoking has a harmful effect 7.____ our heart and lungs.What’s worse, it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.Their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be 8.______(normal)in some way.9.____ we seldom know is that the cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers.However, according to my gradad, what he did know was that his girlfriend thought he smelt terrible and that she wouldn't go out with him again 10.______ he stopped.All in all, smoking does harm to our bodies, therefore it’s strongly recommended smokers quit smoking.Unit 3 詞形變換

1._______ n.酒;酒精→_________ adj.酒精的

2.______ n.健康 →_______ adj.健康的 →________ adj.不健康的 3.______ n.性別 →_________ n.性的，性別的

4.______ n.壓力;重音； vt.加壓于;使緊張→_______ adj.有壓力的;緊張的 5.________ n.青少年；adj.青春期的→________ n.青春期 6.______ vt.禁止;取締→______ v.（同義詞）禁止;阻止 7.______ adj.入迷的，上癮的 →______ vt.使沉溺，使上癮

8.______ vt.使習(xí)慣于 →_________ adj.慣常的；習(xí)慣了的 9.________ n.收回;撤退;戒毒過(guò)程→_____ v.收回;撤退

10.________ adj.無(wú)意識(shí)的;自動(dòng)的→.________ adv.無(wú)意識(shí)地;自動(dòng)地 11.________ adj.精神的；智力的→.________ adv.精神上地；智力上地 12.________ n.結(jié)果；效力→.________ v.影響.________ adj.畸形的;異常的→.________ adj.正常的.________ adj.氣喘吁吁的→.________ n.呼吸;氣息

15.________ adj.不健康的;不合適的;不合格的→._______ adj.健康的;合適的 16.________ v.加強(qiáng);鞏固;使堅(jiān)強(qiáng)；變強(qiáng)→.________ n.力氣;力量→.________ adj.強(qiáng)壯的;堅(jiān)固的

17.________ n.放松→.________ v.放松，松弛

18._______ n.藥劑師，化學(xué)家→._______ n.化學(xué)的→.________ adj.化學(xué)的 19.________ adj.絕望的；拼命的→.________ adv.拼命地，絕望地→.________ n.絕望，不顧一切

20.________ adj.失望的;沮喪的 →.________ v.使失望;使沮喪

→.________ n.失望;沮喪

21.______v.動(dòng)搖，減弱 →.________ adj.虛弱的

22.________ adj.感到慚愧或羞恥的→.________ n.慚愧;恥辱;羞恥 23.________ adj.不合法的，違法的→.________ adj.合法的

24.________ v.搶劫 →.________ n.搶劫，盜竊 →.________ n.強(qiáng)盜 25.________ v.滑倒→.________ adj.滑的 →.________ n.拖鞋

26.______ v.存活;經(jīng)歷;還活著→_______ n.幸存者→.______ n.幸存;幸存者 27.________ v.看法，判斷，判決→.________ n.看法，判斷，判決 28.________ adj.尷尬的;陷入困境的→.________ v.使困窘;使不安→.________ n.不安;尷尬

重點(diǎn)詞匯及短語(yǔ)

_____________ 健康問(wèn)題

_____________ 藥物濫用，毒品濫用 _____________ 身體健康 _____________ 性健康

_________________ 在…的盡頭

_____________ 在我的年紀(jì) _________________ 過(guò)兩周的時(shí)間 ___________ 由于，應(yīng)歸于… ___________________________ 發(fā)現(xiàn)做…是困難的 _______ adj.艱苦的，困難的__________ n.青春期

_________________ 變得對(duì)…上癮

_________ n.香煙

_________________ 順便說(shuō)一下 _________________ 對(duì)…習(xí)慣 _________________ n.癥狀，征兆

___________ adj.壞脾氣的 _______________ 就像你知道的 _______________ 一次又一次 __________ adv.自動(dòng)地 ___________ 心理健康的 ________ v.離開(kāi)，放棄，停止________ vi.處理，做成(某事)___________________________

Using Language HIV/AIDS: ARE YOU AT RISK?

不良影響；有害效應(yīng)

______ n.肺部

________ adj.懷孕的 ________ adj.不正常的 ________________ 不抽煙的人 ______ 非，不

_________ adj.喘不過(guò)氣的______________ 離開(kāi)，起飛，脫下

______ adj.不健康的

________________ 是做…的時(shí)候了 ________ n.建議(不可數(shù))________________ 在網(wǎng)上 ________ vt.使變強(qiáng)，加強(qiáng) _____ adv.真的，確實(shí)(起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用)HIV is a virus 1._____ weakens a person's immune system and eventually your body can no longer fight disease.This stage of the illness 2.______(call)AIDS.If you develop AIDS, your chances of 3.______(survive)are very small.HIV is spread through blood or the fluid that the body makes during sex.Through broken skin or by injection, blood or sexual fluid that carries the virus get inside the body;consequently a person is to become infected.Before scientists find a cure 4.______ HIV/AIDS one day, you need to protect yourself.The following will make sure you stay safe.First, if you inject drugs, you should not share your needle 5._____ anyone else.If a person has HIV and you use the same needle, you could inject the virus into your own blood as well.Secondly, you shouldn’t share anything else that a person has used while injecting drugs.Blood could have spilt on it.If one has sex with a male or a female, it’s recommended that he or she

6.___(use)a condom.This will prevent sexual fluid passing from one person to another.There are some statements that are misunderstood by people.WRONG.A person cannot get HIV the first time they have sex.---7.______ one sexual partner has HIV, the other partner could become infected.WRONG.You can tell by looking at someone whether or not they have HIV.---Many people 8._____(carry)HIV look perfectly healthy.Only when the disease has progressed to AIDS does a person begin to look sick.WRONG.Only homosexuals get AIDS.---Anyone who has sex with a person infected with H1V/AIDS risks getting the virus.Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men.WRONG.If you hug, touch 9._____ kiss someone with AIDS or visit them in their home, you will get HIV/AIDS.---You can only get the disease from blood or sexual fluid.Unfortunately, people with HIV sometimes lose 10._____ friends because of prejudice.Some AIDS patients cannot find anyone to look after them when sick.WRONG.You can get HIV/AIDS from mosquitoes.---There is no evidence of this.Keys: Unit 3 詞形變換

1.alcohol, alcoholic

2.fitness, fit, unfit 3.sex, sexual 4.stress, stressful 5.adolescent, adolescence

6.ban, forbid 7.addicted, addict 8.accustom, accustomed

9.withdrawal, withdraw 10.automatic, automatically

11.mental, mentally 12.effect, affect 13.abnormal, normal

14.breathless, breath 15.unfit, fit

16.strengthen, strength, strong 17.relaxation, relax

18.chemist, chemistry, chemical 19.desperate, desperately，desperation 20.disappointed, disappoint, disappointment 21.weaken, weak 22.ashamed, shame

23.illegal, legal

25.slip, slippery, slipper 26.survive, survivor, survival 27.judge, judgment

28.embarrassed, embarrass, embarrassment 24.rob, robbery, robber

重點(diǎn)詞匯及短語(yǔ)

Using Language 1.that/which

2.is called

6.use

7.If

3.survival 8.carrying 5

4.for

5.with

9.or

10.their

第二篇：人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修6重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)、句型、語(yǔ)法

人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修6 重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)、句型、語(yǔ)法大全

Unit1 Art

【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】

aim n.目標(biāo)；目的 vi.& vt.瞄準(zhǔn)；(向某方向)努力 typical adj.典型的；有代表性的 adopt vt.采用；采納；收養(yǎng) possess vt.擁有；具有；支配 a great deal 大量

attempt n.努力；嘗試；企圖 vt.嘗試；企圖 on the other hand(可是)另一方面 predict vt.預(yù)言；預(yù)告；預(yù)測(cè) specific adj.確切的；特定的

appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助 vt.將……上訴 n.呼吁；懇求 appeal to(對(duì)某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感興趣

【重點(diǎn)句型】

1.Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破傳統(tǒng)畫法的畫家中有生活和工作在法國(guó)巴黎的印象派畫家。2.序數(shù)詞the first/the second/the last(＋ sb.)＋ to do是一種常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“最早、第二、最后做某事的人”，其中的不定式作后置定語(yǔ)；如果主語(yǔ)和不定式之間有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，不定式應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)to be done。例如： My monitor is always the first to come to school and the last to leave.我的班長(zhǎng)總是第一個(gè)到校、最后一個(gè)離開(kāi)。

To tell the truth, he was the last person to be met with by the manager.說(shuō)實(shí)話，他是最后一個(gè)被經(jīng)理接見(jiàn)的人。

3.It is amazing/surprising/astonishing/shocking that...是一種常見(jiàn)句型，表示“……令人吃驚、震驚、驚訝等”，其中it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句作句子的真正

主

語(yǔ)。

這

種

句

型

可

以

用

to

one's amazement/surprise/astonishment/shock 這些短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)來(lái)改寫。It is surprising that children who are seven years old don't know how to brush one's teeth.令人吃驚的是，七歲的孩子還不知道怎么刷牙。

To our shock, the terrorist explosion caused over one hundred deaths.令我們震驚的是，這次恐怖爆炸造成了一百多人死亡。

【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】虛擬語(yǔ)氣（點(diǎn)擊“虛擬語(yǔ)氣”即可查看全部?jī)?nèi)容）

Unit2 Poems

【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】

concrete adj.具體的

flexible adj.靈活的；可彎曲的；柔順的 take it easy 輕松；不緊張；從容 run out of 用完

be made up of 由……構(gòu)成 in particular 尤其；特別 eventually adv.最后；終于

transform vi.& vt.轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改造變換 appropriate adj.適當(dāng)?shù)模徽?dāng)?shù)?/p>

exchange n.交換；交流；互換 vt.& vi.調(diào)換；交換 sponsor n.主辦者；倡議者 vt.發(fā)起；舉辦；倡議 try out 測(cè)試；試驗(yàn) let out 發(fā)出；放走

【重點(diǎn)句型】

1.This is why...這就是......的原因。(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)This is because...這是因?yàn)?.....(強(qiáng)調(diào)原因)

The reason why...is/was that...(......的原因是......)一般用that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。2.There are various reasons why people write poetry.人們寫詩(shī)有著各種各樣的理由。

3.The language is concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition.（童謠的）語(yǔ)言具體但富有想象力，這能使小孩子們快樂(lè)，因?yàn)樗鼈冄喉崳?jié)奏感強(qiáng),并較多重復(fù)。

4.By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.通過(guò)童謠中的文字游戲，孩子們學(xué)習(xí)了語(yǔ)言。

5.Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines.另外一種學(xué)生容易寫的簡(jiǎn)體詩(shī)是由五行組成的,叫做五行詩(shī)。

6.With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，students may eventually want to write poems of their own.有了這么多可供選擇的詩(shī)歌類型,學(xué)生們最終也許想自己作詩(shī)了。

【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】虛擬語(yǔ)氣（點(diǎn)擊“虛擬語(yǔ)氣”即可查看全部?jī)?nèi)容）

Unit3 A healthy life

【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】

abuse n.& vt.濫用；虐待

stress n.壓力；重音 vt.加壓力于；使緊張 ban vt.禁止；取締 n.禁令；譴責(zé) due adj.欠款的；預(yù)定的；到期的 due to 由于…… automatic adj.無(wú)意識(shí)的；自動(dòng)的 mental adj.精神的；智力的 effect n.結(jié)果；效力

strengthen vt.加強(qiáng)；鞏固；使堅(jiān)強(qiáng) vi.變強(qiáng) decide on 對(duì)……作出決定 feel like(doing)想要(做)…… desperate adj.絕望的，拼命的 disappointed adj.失望的；沮喪的 ashamed adj.感到慚愧或羞恥的 in spite of 不顧；不管 take risks(a risk)冒險(xiǎn) get into 陷入；染上(壞習(xí)慣)at risk 處境危險(xiǎn)；遭受危險(xiǎn) awkward adj.局促不安的；笨拙的

【重點(diǎn)句型】

1.Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.每當(dāng)你想要吸煙的時(shí)候，你就提醒你自己：你（已經(jīng)）是不吸煙的人了。every time在這里相當(dāng)于從屬連詞，連接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；remind后面又跟了that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。

2.Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking.即使你非得經(jīng)過(guò)多次戒煙才能最后把它戒掉，你也不要失望。

【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】“it”的用法

1.it可指代前文提到的事物；替代前文中的內(nèi)容；指代一位性別不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但談話雙方都知道的那件事；指代時(shí)間、天氣、氣候、距離等自然現(xiàn)象。

2.it用作形式主語(yǔ)，不定式、動(dòng)名詞或主語(yǔ)從句做真正主語(yǔ)。

It worries me that he keeps changing his mind.3.it作形式賓語(yǔ)，不定式、動(dòng)名詞或賓語(yǔ)從句做真正賓語(yǔ)。

He didn't make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.4.表示“喜歡、恨”等心理方面的動(dòng)詞，后面接it，然后再跟賓語(yǔ)從句，it代指從句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。此類動(dòng)詞有hate，dislike，enjoy，appreciate等。

I'd appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.5.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that(who)...強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞/定語(yǔ)以外的任何句子成 分。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時(shí)也可以用who。

（1）強(qiáng)調(diào)句用于一般疑問(wèn)句：Is/Was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他部分。（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)句用于特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞(被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分)＋is/was＋ it＋ that＋其他部分？

（3）在強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能強(qiáng)調(diào)由because所引導(dǎo)的從句

例：It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school yesterday.（4）在強(qiáng)調(diào)not...until結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)必須把not與until一起放到被強(qiáng)調(diào)的位置上 例 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was my brother.（5）如何判斷是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)句

可把 It，is / was和that 去掉，剩余部分在不增減任何詞的情況下還是一個(gè)完整的句子，那么這種句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。

It was in the street that I met her father.→In the street I met her father.It was because she was ill that they didn’t ask her to do the job.→Because she was ill, they didn’t ask her to do the job.Unit4 Global warming

【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】

come about 發(fā)生；造成 subscribe to 同意；訂購(gòu) quantity n.量；數(shù)量 quantities of 大量的

tend vi.趨向；易于；照顧 vt.照顧；護(hù)理 go up 上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起 result in 導(dǎo)致

oppose vt.反對(duì)；反抗；與(某人)較量 opposed adj.反對(duì)的；對(duì)立的 be opposed to 反對(duì)…… state vt.陳述；說(shuō)明 range n.種類；范圍 even if 即使 keep on 繼續(xù)

glance vi.看一下；掃視 n.一瞥 steady adj.平穩(wěn)的；持續(xù)的；穩(wěn)固的 steadily adv.平穩(wěn)地；持續(xù)地 tendency n.傾向；趨勢(shì)

widespread adj.分布廣的；普遍的 on the whold 大體上；基本上 average adj.平均的

on behalf of 代表……一方；作為……的代言人 put up with 忍受；容忍 so long as 只要 an so on 等等 circumstance n.環(huán)境；情況

【重點(diǎn)句型】

1.All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.所有的科學(xué)家同意這種觀點(diǎn)：人們?yōu)榱松a(chǎn)能量而燃燒化石燃料如煤、天然氣和石油，從而引起了地球溫度的升高。

2.It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.這意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中，從而引起全球溫度上升。

3.It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.是一位名叫查爾斯·基林的科學(xué)家曾經(jīng)把1957-1997年期間大氣層中二氧化碳的含量作了精確的統(tǒng)計(jì)。

4.They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他們還同意下述觀點(diǎn)，正是燃燒越來(lái)越多的化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。5.On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.另一方面，還有一些人，像科學(xué)家喬治·漢布利，反對(duì)上面的觀點(diǎn)，他們認(rèn)為我們不必?fù)?dān)心空氣中會(huì)有高含量的二氧化碳。

【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】“it”的用法（詳見(jiàn)第三單元語(yǔ)法總結(jié)）

Unit5 The power of the nature

【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】

alongside adv.在旁邊；沿著邊 prep.在……旁邊；沿著……的邊 appoint vt.任命；委派

wave n.波浪；波濤 vi.波動(dòng)；起伏；揮手 absolute adj.絕對(duì)的；完全的 absolutely adv.絕對(duì)地；完全地

suit n.一套外衣；套裝 vt.適合；使適宜 make one’s way 前往

potential n.潛在性；可能性；潛能 adj.可能的；潛在的 actual adj.實(shí)在的；實(shí)際的 shoot(shot, shot)vt.射中；射傷 anxious adj.憂慮的；不安的 anxiety n.擔(dān)心；焦慮；渴望

panic(panicked, panicked)vi.& vt.驚慌 n.驚慌；恐慌 glance through 匆匆看一遍 vary from…to…

由……到……不等 guarantee vt.保證；擔(dān)保

【重點(diǎn)句型】

1.I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound, like a railway train passing my window.我睡得正酣，正在這時(shí)我的床開(kāi)始晃動(dòng)，我聽(tīng)到一種奇怪的聲音，就像一列火車正從我窗外駛過(guò)。

2.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.另外兩人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的巖漿，我是第一次經(jīng)歷這樣的事，所以留在山頂上觀察他們。

句中的this being my first experience為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

3.It's said that...表示“據(jù)說(shuō)......”，可以替換為“Sb is said to...”，其中的不定式可以有多種形式(一般時(shí)、完成時(shí)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))。

It is said that another typhoon will come soon.＝ Another typhoon is said to come soon.據(jù)說(shuō)又要來(lái)臺(tái)風(fēng)了

It is said that his father-in-law has been infected with AIDS.＝ His father-in-law is said to have been infected with AIDS.據(jù)說(shuō)他岳父感染了艾滋病。

【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】動(dòng)詞ing形式（包括動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞兩種形式）

動(dòng)名詞

動(dòng)詞的ing形式如果是名詞，這種形式叫做動(dòng)名詞。動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，因此在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。

一.動(dòng)名詞的四種形式及其意義

①基本形式：doing（表示主動(dòng)）②被動(dòng)式：being done（表示被動(dòng)）③完成式：having done（表示主動(dòng)和完成）

④完成被動(dòng)式：having been done（表示被動(dòng)和完成）

例如：

Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未來(lái)，普通人在太空旅行將會(huì)是普遍的事情。

Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans.Freddy和他的樂(lè)隊(duì)到哪里都被他們的粉絲跟著。

I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.我不知道他做過(guò)這樣一件違背你的事情。

Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that shop.很多顧客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少兩過(guò)。

二.動(dòng)名詞的語(yǔ)法功能

動(dòng)名詞在句中可以做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)等。

Learning English is very difficult.（作主語(yǔ)）學(xué)英語(yǔ)非常困難。

I enjoy dancing.（作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)）我喜歡跳舞。

I have got used to living in the country.（作介詞賓語(yǔ)）我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了住農(nóng)村。

His job is driving a bus.（作表語(yǔ)）他的工作是開(kāi)車。

The washing mashine woks well.（作定語(yǔ)）這臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)非常好用。

三.注意事項(xiàng)

1.只接動(dòng)名詞（不能接不定式）作賓語(yǔ)的28個(gè)常用動(dòng)詞

practice、consider、enjoy、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、admit、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excuse、fancy、forbid、mention、mind、miss、permit、prohibit

2.既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞，但含義完全不同的8個(gè)動(dòng)詞

remember to do sth.記住要做某事（未做）remember doing sth.記得做過(guò)某事（已做）

forget to do sth.忘記去做某事（未做）

forget doing sth.忘記做過(guò)某事（已做）

regret to do sth.遺憾要做某事（未做）

regret doing sth.后悔/抱歉做過(guò)某事（已做）

try to do sth.努力做某事 try doing sth.嘗試做某事

mean to do sth.計(jì)劃做某事

mean doing sth.意味著做某事

can’t help to do sth.不能幫助做某事 can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事

go on to do sth.繼續(xù)做另一件事

go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做同一件事

stop to do sth.停下來(lái)去做另一件事 stop doing sth.停下正在做的事情

3.it 做形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞做真正主語(yǔ)位于句末的重要句型

It is no use/not any use/hardly any use/useless doing It is no good / not much good doing It is no worthwhile doing It is a waste of time doing

現(xiàn)在分詞

一.現(xiàn)在分詞的四種形式及其意義

①基本形式：doing（表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行）②被動(dòng)式：being done（表示被動(dòng)和進(jìn)行）③完成式：having done（表示主動(dòng)和完成）

④完成被動(dòng)式：having been done（表示被動(dòng)和完成）

He sat there，reading a newspaper.他坐在那里，讀著一張報(bào)紙。

The area being studied may be rich in coal.這個(gè)正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。

Having finished my homework，I began to watch TV.完成作業(yè)后，我開(kāi)始看電視。

Having been told many times，she still can't remember it.已經(jīng)被告訴了很多次，她仍然記不住。

二.現(xiàn)在分詞的語(yǔ)法功能

現(xiàn)在分詞在句中可以做表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等。

The story is interesting.這個(gè)故事有趣。

He sat there，reading a newspaper.（作狀語(yǔ)）他坐在那里，讀著一張報(bào)紙。

The area being studied may be rich in coal.（作定語(yǔ)）這個(gè)正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。

He saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.（作賓補(bǔ)）他看到小偷正在從銀行偷錢。

第三篇：語(yǔ)篇型語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)及答案

2014年語(yǔ)篇型語(yǔ)法填空

專題練習(xí)1 In the past a gentleman would offer his seat __(1)__ a lady on a crowded bus.But now, he will probably look out of the window or hide behind his newspaper, __(2)__(leave)the lady standing __(3)__ someone else gets off.You can’t entirely blame men for this change in manners.__(4)__(go)are the days when women could be referred to the weak.A whole generation has grown up demanding __(5)__(equal)with men in jobs, in education and in social life.Hold a door for some women __(6)__ you are likely to get __(7)__ angry lecture on treating women __(8)__ weaklings.Take a girl out for a meal and she’ll probably insist on paying __(9)__ share of the bill.All these, according to some sociologists, will change men’s attitude towards women and the conventional active politeness is perhaps slowly being __(10)__(replace)by true consideration for the needs and feeling of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings.專題練習(xí)2 In the small towns of the United States in the __(1)__(nineteen)century, the general store was __(2)__ everyone bought the things he couldn’t make __(3)__ grow at home.What the stores sold __(4)__(tell)a great deal about __(5)__ life at that time.People bought tools that they needed for farm work;salt, sugar and __(6)__ foods that the farm didn’t produce;articles of clothing that they couldn’t make __(7)__;shirts for the men;or clothes for the children.Life was simple then.One feels that people were __(8)__(thank)for what they had and that they looked __(9)__ with courage to whatever the future brought.It would be interesting to know how they would feel about the life today.Would it seem to them that life is too complex? Would they enjoy __(10)__(live)a life as we do now? 專題練習(xí)3 Do you feel __(1)__ difficult to be happy all the time? Now I’ll give you some tips __(2)__ how to make yourself happy.One way is being __(3)__(self)because unselfishness is the key factor __(4)__(require)if you want to get along well with others.By __(5)__(say)being unselfish we mean we __(6)__ not want everything our own way or demand the best share of everything.Another way is to look for good points in __(7)__ people.You’ll find most people pleasant to go with and it will surely make you happy.Third, you can not expect to be too perfect, __(8)__ don’t be too unhappy when you make a mistake.Everything will be OK if you try to make things right.Finally, it is important to remember that while you are no __(9)__(bad)than others, chances you have may not be much better.In this case, __(10)__ surest way to be happy is to think yourself above other people.專題練習(xí)4 In China today the public holiday __(1)__(last)for three days, but the Spring Festival is __(2)__ oldest and most important festival in China, so __(3)__(tradition), the festival continues __(4)__ the 15th day of the lunar month __(5)__ the Lantern Festival is held.Everywhere is decorated __(6)__ a variety of different-sized lanterns and there is music and dancing in the streets.One special feature is the dragon dance, where a huge dragon head and body, __(7)__(support)by a team of dancers, weaves __(8)__ way around the streets __(9)__(collect)money from houses on its route.Once again food plays its part and Yuanxiao is served.This is a sweet dumpling made from glutinous rice flour that is either boiled or __(10)__(fry).專題練習(xí)5 Michelle has finally realized one of her lifelong __(1)__(dream).She always wanted to attend the __(2)__(cook)school that her adviser, Mr.Brown, attended.The school, __(3)__ is in Paris, accepts only 80 students every year.The students who __(4)__(accept)generally have __(5)__ least three years of cooking experience.Michelle has five years of paid experience.The project __(6)__ attracted Mr.Brown’s attention, however, was a cake Michelle made for a wedding.Mr.Brown had never tasted a cake that was __(7)__ high and creamy as __(8)__ one Michelle made.He gave Michelle his card and invited her to bake cakes at his restaurants __(9)__(begin)the next month.It was his invitation __(10)__ began her career baking for a large restaurant.Now she is waiting for the plane to Paris.There she will begin her three-month course that Mr.Brown once attended.專題練習(xí)6 More American people take their troubles with them on holiday, according __(1)__ a new survey.Although 40 percent said that the main reason for going away is to escape __(2)__(press)from work, almost all said they worry more __(3)__ they do at home.Only four in every one hundred said that they are happy and free of care.The most common worry is burglary（入世盜竊），with four out of ten worrying about their homes __(4)__(break)into while they are abroad.More than a quarter feel they will feel crazy __(5)__ some other noisy and rough holiday-makers and twenty-two percent worry they may be attacked __(6)__ their possessions will be __(7)__(miss).The sruvey also showed __(8)__ the stay-at home Americans are no more.Three out of every five

want to have a holiday abroad, which was __(9)__ increase from the figures only three years ago.The hotel holiday is still a winner, with about one third of all Americans __(10)__(prefer)to go on a self-catering（自助）holiday.專題練習(xí)7 Informal rules often control actions.The rules are not __(1)__(write)and people do not talk about the rules.__(2)__, most people know the rules and follow them __(3)__(automatic).Anthropologists（人類學(xué)家）have studied the American __(4)__(form)rules for time.They found that in American schools and businesses, people expect that everyone will be on time.Suppose a student has an appointment to see her teacher.If she is two __(5)__ three minutes early or late, she notices the time, but she __(6)__ not say __(7)__ about it.If she is five minutes late, she will give a short apology.For example, she may say, “I’m sorry I’m late”.If she is ten or more minutes late, she will probably give __(8)__ an apology and __(9)__ excuse.“I’m sorry I’m late, but my car wouldn’t start.” If she is more than ten minutes late, it may be an insult to the teacher.__(10)__ short, the informal rules describe how people generally act.專題練習(xí)8 We may be very __(1)__(please)with the rapid progress we have made in every field of study, but we have almost done nothing to improve our present __(2)__(exam)systems which focus __(3)__ testing the students’ memory instead of their __(4)__(able).As soon as a child begins school, he enters a world of examination __(5)__ will decide his future or job.In fact a good examination system should encourage students to think for themselves, but the examination now does anything but that.It forces the students to remember __(6)__ is taught to get high marks.Thus the students who come out first in the examination often may not be the __(7)__(good)in their studies.In addition, such __(8)__ examination system often drives teachers to cram（填鴨式教學(xué)）all the time and forces them to train students what to do with the __(9)__(come)examination.There must be a better way to test a student’s true ability as __(10)__ as their knowledge.專題練習(xí)9 Hi,I’ve got something __(1)__(excite)to tell you.I was in an elevator yesterday and saw Robin Drexel, the famous movie star!I just stood there, __(2)__(freeze).I couldn’t say a word.But __(3)__ of a sudden, she turned to me, __(4)__(say), “Hello” too.Then she asked me __(5)__ the restaurant was on the fifth floor, I told her I was going to the restaurant __(6)__(my), and I offered to show her where it was.She said, “Oh, fine.” Then she said, “Why don’t we have lunch together?” Imagine!I never

thought I would have lunch with a movie star!But I __(7)__(do)!We had lunch together and talked for about half __(8)__ hour.She even paid for my lunch!Can you imagine? But that isn’t all.__(9)__ lunch, she asked me if she could give me a ride to somewhere.I told her I was going home.__(10)__ she took me home in her big, black limousine（豪華轎車）.It was an exciting day.That’s all for now.I’ve got to run!專題練習(xí)10 Some 160 years ago, young men and women streamed into New York, Philadelphia, Boston – the United States’ equivalent（對(duì)等物）of China’s Shanghai, Guangzhou and Beijing.All of these young people __(1)__ searching for work, for riches, for fame.Few found any of that.The rest joined the masses __(2)__(work)hard at low-level jobs trying to support __(3)__ and their families.Horace Greeley, __(4)__ editor of a well-known newspaper, gave sound advice to those seeking work.“Do not lounge in the cities!There is room and health in the country.Go west…”

In the mid-19th century, __(5)__ Greeley issued his call to go west, America was on the brink（邊緣）of developing its __(6)__(west)regiions – much __(7)__ China is today.Out west, the unemployed could find jobs.__(8)__ was needed then in America is what is needed now in China’s western expanses（發(fā)展）: men and women __(9)__(determine)to make something of themselves, men and women with skills any __(10)__(develop)nation must have to survive and prosper（繁榮）.? 專題1答案

1.to 2.leaving 3.until 4.Gone 5.equality 6.and 7.an 8.as 9.her 10.Replaced

? 專題2答案

1.nineteenth 2.where 3.or 4.tells 5.the 6.other 7.themselves 8.thankful 9.forward 10.Living

? 專題3答案

1.it 2.on 3.unselfish 4.required 5.saying 6.should 7.other 8.so 9.worse 10.the

? 專題4答案

1.lasts 2.the 3.traditionally 4.until 5.when 6.with 7.supported 8.its 9.collecting 10.fried

? 專題5答案

1.dreams 2.cooking 3.which 4.are accepted 5.at 6, that/which 7.as 8.the 9.beginning 10.that

? 專題6答案

1.to 2.pressure 3.than 4.being broken 5.with 6.or 7.missing 8, that 9.an 10.preferring

? 專題7答案

1.written 2.However 3.automatically 4.informal 5.or 6.does 7.anything 8, both 9, an 10.In

? 專題8答案

1.pleased 2.examination 3.on 4.ability 5, that/which 6.what 7.best 8.an 9.coming 10, well

? 專題9答案

1.exciting 2.frozen 3.all 4.saying 5.if 6.myself 7.did 8.an 9.After 10.So

? 專題10答案

1.were 2.working 3.themselves 4.an 5.when 6.western 7.as 8.What 9.determined 10.developing

第四篇：2013屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪練習(xí)Unit 2語(yǔ)法填空 新人教版選修8(廣東專版)

一、語(yǔ)法填空

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。

Hard work is good for health.Scientists find that hardworking people live longer than average men and women.Working women are__1__(health)than housewives.Evidence shows that the jobless are in poorer health than the job-holders.Why is work good for health? It is__2__work keeps people busy，away from loneliness and worry.But when people are busy they are usually much happier.Many successful people__3__love their jobs feel that they are happiest when they are working hard.In this way work is a bridge___4__man and reality and a way to build up__5__(friend)．The loss of work means the loss of everything.It affects man's spirit and__6__(make)them more likely to suffer from disease.Besides，work gives__7__ a sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement.Work makes one feel his value and status in society.__8__a writer finishes his writing or a doctor__9__(success)operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students grow，they are happy beyond words.So tomorrow when you are walking to work or school remember that it is part of__10__(live)a healthy and happy life.二、完形填空

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1～15各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Music comes in many forms；most countries have a style of their own.At the turn of the century when jazz was born，America had no prominent(卓越的)__1__of its own.No one knows exactly when jazz was__2__，or by whom.But it began to be___3__in the early 1900s.Jazz is America's contribution to__4__music.In contrast to classical music，which __5__formal European traditions，jazz is spontaneous(自發(fā)的)and free form.It bubbles with energy，__6__the moods，interests，and emotions of the people.In the 1920s jazz sounded like America，and __7__it does today.The __8__of this music are as interesting as the music __9__.American Negroes，or blacks，as they are called today，were the jazz __10__.They were brought to Southern States as slaves.They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long __11__.When a Negro died his friend and relatives formed a procession to carry the body to the cemetery.In New Orleans，a band often accompanied the __12__.On the way to the cemetery the band played slow，solemn music suited to the occasion.__13__on the way home the mood changed.Spirits lifted.Death had removed one of their relations，but the living were glad to be alive.The band played __14__music，improvising(即興表演)on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes __15__at the funeral.This music made everyone want to dance.It was an early form of jazz.1．A.musicB．song

C．melodyD．style

2．A.discoveredB．a(chǎn)cted

C．inventedD．designed

3．A.noticedB．found

C．listenedD．heard

4．A.classicalB．sacred

C．popularD．light

5．A.formsB．follows

C．a(chǎn)pproachesD．introduces

6．A.expressingB．explaining

用心 愛(ài)心 專心 1

C．exposingD．illustrating

7．A.asB．so

C．eitherD．neither

8．A.originsB．originals

C．discoveriesD．resources

9．A.concernedB．itself

C．a(chǎn)vailableD．oneself

10．A.playersB．followers

C．fansD．pioneers

11．A.monthsB．weeks

C．hoursD．times

12．A.demonstrationB．procession

C．bodyD．march

13．A.EvenB．Therefore

C．FurthermoreD．But

14．A.sadB．solemn

C．happyD．funeral

15．A.whistledB．sung

C．presentedD．showed

三、閱讀理解 專題訓(xùn)練(十)

議論文的閱讀(2)

閱讀下列材料，按要求完成讀寫任務(wù)

Like many of my generation，I have a weakness for hero worship.At some point，however，we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them.This leads us to ask：What is a hero?

Despite immense differences in cultures，heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth talking about.A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen.But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves.Like high-voltage(電壓)transformers，heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation.Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth，enthusiasm，and meaning.A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame，they may be famous persons but not heroes.Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous，but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?

Heroes are catalysts(催化劑)for change.They have a vision from the mountain top.They have the skill and the charm to move the masses.They create new possibilities.Without Gandhi，India might still be part of the British

Empire.Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King，Jr.，we might still have

segregated(隔離的)buses，restaurants，and parks.It may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities，but the pace of change would be slow，the vision uncertain，and the committee meetings endless.Ⅰ.根據(jù)短文，寫一篇30詞左右的摘要

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

Ⅱ.根據(jù)所讀短文，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)

1．Although heroes may come from different cultures，they ________.A．generally possess certain inspiring characteristics

B．probably share some weaknesses of ordinary people

C．a(chǎn)re often influenced by previous generations

D．a(chǎn)ll unknowingly attract a large number of fans

2．According to the passage，heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that ________.A．they have a vision from the mountaintop

B．they have warm feelings and emotions

C．they can serve as concrete(具體的)examples of noble principles

D．they can make people feel stronger and more confident

3．Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because ________.A．they are popular only among certain groups of people

B．their performances do not improve their fans morally

C．their primary concern is their own financial interests

D．they are not clear about the principles they should follow

4．Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who ________.A．a(chǎn)re good at demonstrating their charming characters

B．can move the masses with the skill and the charm

C．a(chǎn)re capable of meeting all challenges and hardships

D．can provide an answer to the problems of their people

5．The author concludes that historical changes

would________________________________________________________________________.A．be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualities

B．not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrifices

C．take place if there were heroes to lead the people

D．produce leaders with attractive personalities

參考答案

1．解析：后面有than, 這里用比較級(jí)。

答案：healthier

2．解析： 回答以why提出的特殊疑問(wèn)句，只能用because。

答案：because

3．解析：關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。

答案：who/that

4．解析：工作是人與現(xiàn)實(shí)之間的橋梁，也是增進(jìn)友誼的途徑。

答案：between

5．解析：這里用名詞，參看第4題解析。

答案：friendship

6．解析：與affects并列作謂語(yǔ)，用動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式。

答案：makes

7．解析：泛指有工作的人。

答案：him

8．解析：當(dāng)作家完成作品時(shí)/如果作家完成了一個(gè)作品。

答案：When/If

9．解析：副詞修飾動(dòng)詞operates。

答案：successfully

10．解析：介詞后接動(dòng)名詞。

答案：living

二、1．解析：美國(guó)人沒(méi)有自己的風(fēng)格。

答案：D

2．C

3．解析：沒(méi)有人知道是誰(shuí)發(fā)明了爵士樂(lè)，又是在什么時(shí)候發(fā)明的，只是知道在二十世紀(jì)初期就有爵士樂(lè)了。

答案：D

4．C 5.B

6．解析：表達(dá)人們的心情、興趣等。

答案：A

7．解析：就像今天一樣。

答案：A

8．A

9．解析：音樂(lè)的起源就像音樂(lè)本身那樣有趣。

答案：B

10．解析：美國(guó)黑人是爵士樂(lè)的先驅(qū)。

答案：D

11．C 12.B

13．解析：在前往公墓的路上，樂(lè)隊(duì)演奏低沉肅穆的音樂(lè)，但是在回來(lái)的路上心情改變了，樂(lè)隊(duì)演奏快樂(lè)的曲子。

答案：D

14．C 15.C

三、Ⅰ

The author thin

heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves，live a life worthy of imitation and are catalysts for change.They should fight for the good of the masses.(31 words)

Ⅱ

1．解析：細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。從文中的“heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people”可以得出結(jié)論。

答案：A

2．解析：英雄就像變壓器，能“step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people”。

答案：C

3．解析：因?yàn)殡m然他們是“famous”，但是“who would claim that their fans find life more abundant？”。既然他們的歌迷的生活沒(méi)有變得更有意義，也就是“do not improve their fans morally”。

答案：B

4．解析：通過(guò)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)判斷?！癟hey have the skill and the charm to move the masses”是主題句，Gandhi and Martin Luther King等的事情是實(shí)例。

答案：B

5．解析：細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。文中有“without leaders...the pace of change would be slow”。

答案：A

第五篇：復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)去分詞&非謂語(yǔ)綜合練習(xí)(選修八Unit 3 Unit 4語(yǔ)法)

南僑中學(xué)2012-2013高二英語(yǔ) Book 8 Unit 3-4 Grammar

Revise the Past Participle

復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)去分詞

一、過(guò)去分詞的句法功能

過(guò)去分詞可以與be動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)作謂語(yǔ)，還可以與助動(dòng)詞have一起構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)作謂語(yǔ)。除此之外，還可以在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，一般表示完成的或被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。

二、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)

1.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于形容詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是它所修飾的名詞。及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)既可以表被動(dòng)，又可以表完成；

a damaged bridge 一座被毀壞的橋

polluted air and water被污染的空氣和水 不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，只表完成。

boiled water 開(kāi)水

the risen sun升起的太陽(yáng)

2.單獨(dú)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常常置于所修飾的名詞前，而過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常常置 于所修飾的名詞后。

The broken clock should be repaired as soon as possible.這個(gè)壞了的鐘表應(yīng)盡快修理。

The cartoon films made in Japan attracted many children.日本產(chǎn)的卡通片吸引了很多孩子。3.現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行；過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)或完成 falling leaves 正在飄落的葉子

fallen leaves 已經(jīng)落在地上的葉子 surprising news 使人吃驚的消息

surprised listeners 吃驚的聽(tīng)眾

三、過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)

1.過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，總是用在連系動(dòng)詞之后，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。She looked very disappointed.她看上去很失望。

2.過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別：前者表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，后者表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。This book is well written.這本書(shū)寫得很好。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示狀態(tài)）This book was written by Lu Xun.這本書(shū)是魯迅寫的。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示動(dòng)作）3.現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別

現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示主動(dòng)意義，即“令人有某種感覺(jué)的”，多用來(lái)指物；過(guò)去分詞含有被動(dòng)意義，即“人被引起某種感覺(jué)的”，多用來(lái)指人、人的聲音或表情等。We were disappointed at the result of the experiment.The result of the experiment was disappointing.The audiences were all moved to tears by the moving film.四、過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

1.能夠接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的詞通常有以下幾類：表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的詞，如feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, observe, look at, notice, find等；表示“致使”意義的詞，如have, make, get, keep, leave等；表示思維活動(dòng)的詞，如consider, know, think等；表示愛(ài)憎或意愿的詞，如want, wish, like, hate等。過(guò)去分詞還可以用在“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中。I heard the song sung in English.我聽(tīng)到有人用英語(yǔ)唱過(guò)這首歌。I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理發(fā)。I consider the matter settled.我認(rèn)為這件事解決了。He didn’t wish it mentioned.他不愿這事被提起。2.現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別：

現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)表主動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行或延續(xù)性；過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表被動(dòng)或完成；動(dòng)詞不定式南僑中學(xué)2012-2013高二英語(yǔ) Book 8 Unit 3-4 Grammar 作賓補(bǔ)表主動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程，有時(shí)也表將來(lái)。I saw her opening the window.I saw her open the window.I saw the window opened.I have a lot of homework to do.五、過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)

1.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨狀態(tài)等。分詞動(dòng)作與邏輯主語(yǔ)（即句子的主語(yǔ)）之間常存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

Surrounded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy.（作原因狀語(yǔ)）被一群年輕人包圍著，老人覺(jué)得很開(kāi)心。

When heated, water can be changed into steam.（作時(shí)間因狀語(yǔ)）水加熱后可變成水蒸氣。

Given another chance, he can do it better.（作條件狀語(yǔ)）如果再給他一次機(jī)會(huì)，他會(huì)做得更好。

Much tired, he still kept on working.（作讓步狀語(yǔ)）雖然很累，他仍繼續(xù)工作。

The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs.（作伴隨狀語(yǔ)）訓(xùn)練員出現(xiàn)了，后面跟著6條小狗。2.現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：

現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，和句子主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，和句子主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Seen from the top of the tower, our city looks more beautiful.從塔頂看，我們的城市顯得愈發(fā)漂亮。

Seeing from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of our city.從塔頂我們可以飽覽城市的美景。3.有些過(guò)去分詞來(lái)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不再?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)意義。這樣的過(guò)去分詞及短語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有：lost(迷路);seated(坐);hidden(躲);lost / absorbed in(沉溺于);born(出身于);dressed in(穿著);faced with(面對(duì));tired of(厭煩)等。

Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.因?yàn)橄萑氤了迹麤](méi)聽(tīng)到那個(gè)聲音。

Seated in the front of the classroom, he can see the blackboard clearly.由于坐在教室的前面，他能很清楚地看到黑板。

六、拓展

1.done / to be done / being done作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別： 這三種形式都表示被動(dòng)。done 表示“已經(jīng)被??”；to be done表示“將要被??”；being done 表示“正在被??”。

The rare fish, saved from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.從飯鍋里被救回的珍稀魚(yú)類已經(jīng)被放歸大海。

His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.他的第一本書(shū)下個(gè)月將要出版，這本書(shū)是根據(jù)一個(gè)真實(shí)故事寫的。

At that time the noise of boxes being dropped could be heard outside the room.當(dāng)時(shí)扔盒子的噪音在屋外都可以聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。2.done / having been done作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別： 作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，having been done 表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，而done則不強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)意思。Seen from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.Having been shown around the dining hall, we were then taken to visit the labs.南僑中學(xué)2012-2013高二英語(yǔ) Book 8 Unit 3-4 Grammar

【非謂語(yǔ)綜合練習(xí)】

一、選擇最佳的答案。

1.All the thing _____________, his proposal is of greater value than yours.A.considered A.Asking A.Finished A.have listed A.making fun of A.seeing;to show A.Writing carelessly C.Having written carelessly A.give A.to think A.cooked A.to train properly C.properly to train A.Having stolen C.Stolen A.put A.to be stuck A.to have discovered

B.considering B.Asked B.Having finished B.list

C.to consider C.To be asked C.Finishing C.listed

D.consider D.When asking D.To finish D.listing D.being made fun D.see;to show 2._____________ who she was, she said she was Mr.Johnson’s friend.3._____________ all my letters, I had a drink and went out.4.You will find the word “psychology” _____________ under “P” in your dictionary.5.— Why did Bob weep? — He couldn’t bear _________ like that before the whole class.B.being made fun of C.to be laughed at B.see;shown

C.seeing;shown B.Written carelessly D.Being written carelessly C.to give C.thinking C.is being cooked

D.given D.being thought D.being cooked 6.We are looking forward to _____________ the film _____________ at the Grand Cinema.7._____________, your composition is full of mistakes.8.She made a candle _____________ us light.B.gave B.and think B.to be cooked 9.I know it’s not important, but I can’t help _____________ about it.10.The food _____________ at the moment is for the dinner party.11.The dog, _____________, will be made a good watchdog.B.being trained properly D.trained properly B.Having been stolen D.Stealing

B.to be putting B.stuck

C.to put C.sticking

D.putting D.stick 12._____________ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.13.He looked around and caught a man ____________ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.14.It was getting dark;I found a car _____________ in a pool by the side of the road.15.The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed ___________ the river.B.to have been discovered 南僑中學(xué)2012-2013高二英語(yǔ) Book 8 Unit 3-4 Grammar

C.to discover A.to fix A.to sit;tying A.to carry out A.to be advertised problem when young.B.to be fixed B.sitting;tying B.carry out B.advertised

D.having been discovered C.fixed C.seating;tied C.carrying out C.advertise

D.fixing D.seated;tied D.carried out D.advertising 16.The program was so exciting that the children kept their eyes ___________ on the screen.17.When he came to life, he found himself _______ on a chair, with his hands _______back.18.How could he get the plan _____________ without any one to support him? 19.You will see this product made in this factory _____________ wherever you go.20.Mr.Green is said _____________ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the A.to do C.to be doing

B.to have done D.to have been doing

二、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1._____________(attract)by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.2.Li Lei is asking his uncle, an English teacher, ___________(help)him think of a foreign name.3.---Hi!Li Hong.I didn't see you at the party.---Oh, I was busy _____________(get)ready for the coming exams.4.The old men enjoy _____________(listen)to the singing of the birds in the park.5.The girl ____________(stand)under the tree is my cousin Kate.6.Books _______(write)in easy English are very popular among Chinese middle school students.7.Why did you keep your brother ____________(wait)for a long time that evening? 8.I found the door ____________(close)when I got home.9.When they met again, they were too excited____________(say)a word.10.With his cell phone ____________(steal), the customer wanted to see the manager.11.He didn't finish ____________(write)the book until last week.12.More time ____________(give)to us, we could have done the job much better.13.Let me ____________(help)you ____________(water)the flowers.14.My watch doesn't work.It needs ____________(repair).15.—How are the team playing? —They’re playing well, but one of them got _________(hurt).16.____________(hide)in that cave, the thief tried to avoid capture.17.I usually have my clothes ____________(wash)on Sundays.I don’t wash my clothes myself.18.It's going____________(rain);you'd better ____________(take)an umbrella with you.19.I often hear people ____________(say)“____________(see)is ____________(believe)”.南僑中學(xué)2012-2013高二英語(yǔ) Book 8 Unit 3-4 Grammar 20.Though he often made his deskmate ____________(cry), today he was made ____________(cry)by his deskmate.21._____________(repair)my TV set cost me 100 Yuan.22.There are a number of students waiting to get ____________(examine).23.It's too cold.Let's make a fire ____________(warm)ourselves up.24.You don't need ____________(worry)about your friend.He is safe at home.25.Do you know the man with his hair ____________(tie)back? 26.If ____________(bite)by a snake, you should call for help.27.The assistant worked late into the night, ____________(repair)a long speech for the president.28.Little Sandy would love ____________(take)to the cinema this evening.29.Mr.Black gave up ____________(smoke)only a few years ago.He looks very healthy now.30.I'm hungry.Get me something ____________(eat).三、完成句子。

1.I rushed to the phone at the reception desk, ___________________________(卻被告知)there was no doctor available.(only)2.Twenty passengers were killed in the accident, _____________________________________(包括三名兒童).(include)3.______________________________(根據(jù)他的話判斷), he did well in his exam.(judge)4.We looked for the thief everywhere, and at last we found him __________________________(躲在木箱里)behind the door.(hide)5.___________________________ the tower(從頂上看), our town looks more beautiful.(see)6.___________________________ the tower(從頂上看), we find our town more beautiful.(see)7.When the national flag is being hoisted, all the students stand at attention, their eyes ________________________________(注視著國(guó)旗).(fix)8.The murderer was brought to court, ______________________(雙手捆著)at the back.(with)9.The sports meet ________________________(下星期將要舉行)is of great importance.(hold)10.The sports meet _____________________________(現(xiàn)在正在舉行)is very important.(hold)11.The sports meet ___________________________(上星期舉行)is of great importance.(hold)12.___________________________________(參觀完圖書(shū)館), the parents were taken to the dining room.(show around)13.He dressed up so as ______________________________(為了不被注意)by others.(notice)14.___________________________________________(考慮到他還只是個(gè)小孩), we didn’t punish him.(consider)15.The lab _________________(明年將要建的)will be more advanced than the old one.(build)16.___________________________(創(chuàng)辦于1636年), Harvard University is one of the most 南僑中學(xué)2012-2013高二英語(yǔ) Book 8 Unit 3-4 Grammar famous universities in the United States.(found)17.___________________________(生活在北京)for quite a few years.Mr.Green has little difficulty understanding Chinese now.(live)18._____________________(穿著白色的制服), he looks more like a cook than a doctor.(dress)19.It is no use ___________________________________(和我爸爸辯論), because he will never change his mind.(debate)20.The beautiful flowers ___________________________________(栽種在房子周圍的)attracted a lot of villagers.(plant)21.It is important for modem young people ___________________________________________(掌握至少兩門外語(yǔ)).(master)22.The policeman rushed into the room only to find the old man ___________________________(躺在地上).(lie)23.___________________________________(被咬過(guò)兩次), the postman refused to deriver our letters unless we chained our dog up.(bite)24._______________________(沉浸在深深的思考中), he didn’t hear the doorbell ring.(absorb)25.___________________________________________(上次實(shí)驗(yàn)成功了), she was more confident of another success in the coming one.(succeed)26.___________________(一般說(shuō)來(lái)), a snake won’t attack a man unless it is bothered.(speak)27.We are thinking of ___________________________(寫一首歌)for the party.(write)28.He was delighted for ___________________________(被錄用)by the big company.(hire)29.____________________________(完成了工作)ahead of time, they were given a long holiday.(finish)30.The manager said that no matter what happened, he would have the work _____________ ________________(在12小時(shí)內(nèi)完成).(finish)3l.They have great difficulty in ___________________________(生活在國(guó)外)because they couldn’t speak the local language.(live)

32.Nowadays, too many children are addicted to ___________________________(看電視)which will lead to poor eyesight and make them lack communication with others.(watch)33.When he heard his mother’s steps on the stairs, he pretended ___________________________(在做家庭作業(yè)).(do)34.___________________________(坐在大廳里), I talked with the journalist about my life during the past ten years.(sit)35.___________________(跟著)by a new student, the teacher came into the classroom.(follow)36.The article ___________________________(正在寫的)now will appear in tomorrow's newspaper.(write)