第一篇:不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式
不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式
不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式
1.以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)
(1)加-s,如:
belief-beliefs roof-roofs gulf-gulfs
(2)去f,fe加-ves,如:
half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves life-lives wolf-wolves thief-thieves self-selves wife-wives shelf-shelves 歌訣記憶:樹葉(leaf)半數(shù)(half)自己(self)黃;妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割糧;架(shelf)后竄出一匹狼(wolf);就像小偷(thief)逃命(life)亡。這9個(gè)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),都要改-f(e)為v,再加-es,其他的以-f(e)結(jié)尾的名詞則直接加-s變復(fù)數(shù)。
2.以-o結(jié)尾的名詞,變復(fù)數(shù)
(1)加s,如:photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos kilo-kilos
(2)加es,如:potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes Negro-Negroes hero-heroes 歌訣記憶:黑人(Negro)和英雄(hero)愛吃西紅柿(tomato)和馬鈴薯(potato)。除了這四個(gè)以-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-es外,其余的以-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-s。
3.表示“國家”的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)
Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen German-Germans Russian-Russians Indian-Indians Canadian-Canadians American-Americans 歌訣記憶:中(Chinese)日(Japanese)不變,英(Englishman)法(Frenchman)變,其余后面(如German等)加s。
4.以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞
scissors剪刀 goods貨物 trousers/pants/shorts褲子 clothes衣服 glasses眼鏡
5.以s結(jié)尾,仍為單數(shù)的名詞
(1)maths,politics,physics等學(xué)科名詞,為不可數(shù)名詞,是單數(shù)。(2)news是不可數(shù)名詞。
(3)the United States,the United Nations應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。
6.由man和woman構(gòu)成的合成名詞,兩個(gè)構(gòu)成部分都要變成復(fù)數(shù) 如:man worker-men workers(男工人)
woman doctor-women doctors(女醫(yī)生)
7.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i再加-es。例如:
baby-babies city-cities story-stories party-parties lady-ladies diary-diaries army-armies century-centuries copy-copies
8.以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的名詞加-es,如:
class-classes box-boxes watch-watches speech-speeches bus-buses brush-brushes bench-benches beach-beaches boss-bosses church-churches
9.其他不規(guī)則變化
man-men woman-women goose-geese foot-feet tooth-teeth child-children fish-fish deer-deer sheep-sheep mouse-mice fisherman-fishermen 歌訣記憶:男人(man)?女人(woman)?a變e,鵝(goose)?足(foot)?牙(tooth)?oo變ee。孩子(child)加上ren,魚(fish)?鹿(deer)綿羊(sheep)不用變。
[注]fish指魚的種類時(shí),要加上-es構(gòu)成其復(fù)數(shù);當(dāng)指魚的條數(shù)時(shí),單復(fù)數(shù)同形;指魚肉時(shí),為不可數(shù)名詞。
不規(guī)則形容詞副詞比較級與最高級 原級
比較級
最高級 bad worse worst badly worse worst far farther farthest further furthest good better best ill worse worst late later latest little less least many more most much more most old older oldest well better best
第二篇:英語名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式
1.一些特殊詞的變化:
this-----these that-----those he/she/it----they is----are 2.一般性的可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)直接加“s”。
bird----birds pear----pears flower----flowers room-----rooms brother---brothers sister----sisters 3 不可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣。
milk----milk juice----juice bread----bread rice----rice water-----water honey----honey 4, 以元音字母結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)加“es” tomato---tomatoes potato----potatoes 5, 有些成雙成對的單詞常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn).hands(手)eyes(眼睛)
gloves(手套)
shoots(靴子)
trousers(褲子)
ears(耳朵)tooth--teeth(牙齒)legs(腿)foots(腳)chopsticks(筷子)socks(襪子)等
6.以“y”結(jié)尾的名詞多變“y”為“i”再加“es”但“y”前是元音字母的不需作此變化.butterfly----butterflies family---families
但 boy---boys toy----toys monkey----monkeys key----keys
day----days 7, 單詞中含有名詞“man”的要變“man”中的“a”為“e”
postman----postmen fireman---firemen milkman----milkmen fisherman---fishermen man---men
woman---women policeman---policemen 等.8 以“ch ” “sh” “x” “s”結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)加“es”
peach—peaches pencil-box---pencil-boxes class-classes box-boxes watch-watches dish-dishes 10, 以 “f”或“fe”結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)要去掉“f”或“fe”再加“ves” leaf----leaves knife----knives
thief-thieves loaf-loaves
wife-wives 11 單詞本身以元音字母“e”結(jié)尾的直接加“s”
orange----oranges pie---pies cake---cakes bee---bees cle----uncles 13,以元音字母開頭的名詞單數(shù)表達(dá)時(shí)前不是“a”而是"“an” an orange an egg an apple an elephont an ice--cream 3以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的詞 變-f和-fe為v再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives 加-s belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs 4以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos 7以元音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-s
un
radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos 8以-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths, 2.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):
英語里有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的,現(xiàn)歸納如下:
規(guī)則 例詞
1改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式
man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2單復(fù)數(shù)相同
sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin, 3只有復(fù)數(shù)形式
ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents 4一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù)
people, police, cattle, staff
5部分集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)(整體)也可以作復(fù)數(shù)(成員)audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party 6復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義
customs(海關(guān)), forces(軍隊(duì)), times(時(shí)代), spirits(情緒), drinks(飲料), sands(沙灘), papers(文件報(bào)紙), manners(禮貌), looks(外表), brains(頭腦智力), greens(青菜), ruins(廢墟)
7表示“某國人”加-s
Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans 單復(fù)數(shù)同形
Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanes
第三篇:名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
名詞是表示人、事物和抽象概念等的詞。英語上名詞按可數(shù)與否分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞??蓴?shù)名詞按數(shù)目又可分為單數(shù)名詞和復(fù)數(shù)名詞兩類。(注:不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,如water)單數(shù)名詞主要用來表示“一個(gè)”東西的概念。數(shù)量大于“1”就應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)名詞來描述 下面主要介紹一下名詞的復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則:
1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, house-houses 2.以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches 3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, baby-babies
strawberry-strawberries,fly-flies
4.以-o結(jié)尾,一般在詞尾加-es.如:tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes
5.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives,wife-wives等
6.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):
(1)特殊變換:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,.tooth-teeth(2)單復(fù)數(shù)同行:fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese sheep-sheep bread-bread等等。
(3)國人變復(fù)數(shù):口訣“中日不變英法變,其余s加后面”:
Chinese--Chinese,Japanese--Japanese,Englishman--Englishmen Frenchman--Frenchmen American--Americans 小練習(xí):
I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______peach______ sandwich ______ man______
woman_______ paper_______ juice___________water________milk________ rice__________ tea__________bread__________
小學(xué)英語階段名詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)
一、寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
1.orange__________ 2.class ___________
3.monkey__________ 4.piano___________ 5.child___________
6.shelf ____________ 7.bed____________
8.country___________ 9.family___________ 10.toy__________
11.foot __________
12.radio__________ 13.photo__________ 14.tomato___________ 15.woman___________ 16.knife__________ 17.sheep__________
18.ship__________ 19.dish___________ 20.mouse___________
二、用所給的單詞的復(fù)數(shù)的正確形式填空:
1> There are three_____________(chair)in the classroom.2> These_____________(tomato)are red.3> My brother looks after two_____________(baby)4> My father likes to eat_____________(potato).5> Chinese_____________(people)like to eat noodles.6> I have a lot of _____________(toy)in my bedroom.7> My mother wash_____________(dish)in the kitchen.8> I have two_____________(pencil-box).9> There are some_____________(bus)in the street.10> Monster has eight_____________(foot).三、選擇填空
()1.I can see three ________ in the zoo.A monkeys B monkeys C monkey()2.The pig has four ________.A.foot B.feet C.foots()3.My two brothers are ________.A.policeman B.policemans C.policemen()4.I can see ten _____ in the picture.A.sheep B.dog C.pig
()5.The _____ has three_____.A.boys, watches B.boy, watch C.boy, watches()6.Can you see _______on the plate? A.bread B.breads C.breades()7.The girl often brushes her_____ before she goes to bed.A.tooth B.tooths C.teeth()8.Mr Black often drink some _________.A.milk B.milks C.milkes()9.There are some _____on the floor.A.child B.man C.books()10.Lucy will has some _______.A.photo B.photos C.photoes()11.I am drinking two ________.A.cups of water B.cup of water C.cups of water()12.The cat eats two _______ on Monday.A.mouses B.mice C.mouse()13.I need a pen and some _____.A.books B.desk C.chair()14.There are______ in the room.A.photos B.photos C.photo()15.There is some _____ in the river.A.fish B.fishes C.fishs()16.There___ two ___in the box.A.is watch B.are watches C.are watch()17.We have to clean ___ every day.A.our tooth B.our tooths C.our teeth()18.My _____ room is next to the reading room.A.teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers()19.Tom and Jim are ______.A.friends B.friend C.brother()20.How many_____do they have?
A.picture B.pictures C.a picture
we them these
their、them watches children photos diaries days feet books dresses teeth sheep boxes strawberries thieves yo-yos peaches sandwiches men women paper juice ※ paper:一般為不可數(shù) 當(dāng)為報(bào)紙,文件,考卷時(shí)可作可數(shù)名詞,復(fù)數(shù)為papers
第四篇:名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成方法最新總結(jié)
洛基英語 http://
名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成方法最新總結(jié)(3)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成方法最新總結(jié)(3)
江西省新余市下村中學(xué) 劉聰慶
五、-um 改為-a
endostracum-endostraca 殼,內(nèi)層
caecum-caeca 盲腸
vademecum-vademeca 隨身物品,手冊,袖珍指南
memorandum-memoranda/memorandums 備忘錄,(契約等條文的)節(jié)略,便簽,便函
notandum-notanda/notandums(擬)記錄的事物,備忘錄
addendum-addenda/addendums 補(bǔ)遺,附錄,附加物
pudendum-pudenda 陰部(尤指女性的)
corrigendum-corrigenda 應(yīng)改正的錯(cuò)誤,正誤表,勘誤表
definiendum-definienda 被下定義的詞
referendum-referenda/referendums(關(guān)于政治措施、法律等的)公民投票,公民投票權(quán),復(fù)決權(quán)
propylaeum-proprylaea(神殿等的)入口
peritonaeum-peritonaea 腹膜
gynaeceum-gynaecea(古希臘、羅馬的)閨房,女眷內(nèi)室,雄蕊群
odeum-odea/odeums(古希臘、羅馬)奏樂廳,音樂廳,劇場
oleum-olea 油
oleum-oleums 發(fā)煙硫酸
mausoleum-mausolea/mausoleums 陵墓,大而陰森的房屋(或房間)
calcaneum-calcanea 跟骨,空凹足
洛基英語 http://
succedaneum-succedanea 代替人,代用品,替代物
perineum-perinea 會(huì)陰
periosteum-periostea 骨膜
labium-labia 陰唇,(昆蟲的)下唇,下唇瓣
rhizobium-rhizobia 根瘤細(xì)菌屬,任何一種根瘤細(xì)菌
paramecium-paramecia 草履蟲
gynoecium-gynoecia 雌蕊群
androecium-androecia雄蕊群
palladium-palladia 護(hù)衛(wèi),保障,雅典娜的神像
stadium-stadia/stadiums 露天大型運(yùn)動(dòng)場,賽跑運(yùn)動(dòng)場,齡期
medium-media/mediums 中間人,媒介物,傳導(dǎo)體,手段,工具
intermedium-intermedia/intermediums 中間體,媒介物
ascidium-ascidia(植物的)瓶狀體
nephridium-nephridia 腎,腎管
praesidium-praesidia/praesidiums 主席團(tuán),常務(wù)委員會(huì)
ommatidium-ommatidia/ommatidium(昆蟲的)小眼
pyxidium-pyxidia 蓋果
antependium-antependia/antependiums(教堂圣壇前的)帷幔,屏布
compendium-compendia/compendiums 摘要,綱要,概要
minifundium-minifundia 小莊園,小領(lǐng)地,小地產(chǎn)
latifundium-latifundia 打莊園,大領(lǐng)地,大地產(chǎn)
plasmodium-plasmodia 變形體,原質(zhì)團(tuán),瘧原蟲
洛基英語 http://
podium-podia/podiums 墩座墻,樂隊(duì)指揮臺,交通指揮臺
pseudopodium-pseudopodia(動(dòng)物的)偽足,(苔蘚的)假蒴柄
epicardium-epicardia 心外膜,心包臟層
pericardium-pericardia 心包
precordium-precordia 心前區(qū)
primordium-primordia 原基
exordium-exordia/exordiums(講話、論文等的)開端,序言,緒論
patagium-patagia 翅膜,(鱗翅目昆蟲的)領(lǐng)片
contagium-contagia 接觸傳染物
florilegium-florilegia 選集,作品集錦,花譜,群芳譜
sporangium-sporangia 孢子囊,(苔蘚植物的)孢蒴
horologium-horologia 鐘表,時(shí)鐘座
brachium-brachia 耾,上臂
ischium-ischia 做骨,坐節(jié),(昆蟲的)側(cè)板
mycelium-mycelia 菌絲體
epithelium-epithelia/epitheliums 上皮,皮膜
endothelium-endothelia 內(nèi)皮,內(nèi)種皮
mesothelium-mesothelia 間皮
ilium-ilia 髂骨,腸骨
milium-milia 粟粒疹,粟丘疹
prothallium-prothallia 原葉體
pallium-pallia/palliums 大披肩,(昆蟲的)隔膜,大腦皮層,大腦皮質(zhì)
洛基英語 http://
penicillium-penicillia/penicilliums 青霉菌,毛叢
scholium-scholia/scholiums(古典文學(xué)的)頁旁注解,附注,例證
encomium-encomia/encomiums 贊揚(yáng),推崇,贊詞,頌詞
cranium-crania/craniums 頭蓋,頭蓋骨,腦殼
pericranium-pericrania 顱骨膜,頭蓋骨,頭顱
osteocranium-osteocrania 骨顱
chondrocranium-chondrocrania 軟骨顱
proscenium-proscenium 舞臺前部,(泛指)前部,顯著地位
tirocinium-tirocinia 學(xué)徒期限,學(xué)徒身份,技藝初步,技藝入門
triclinium-triclinia(古羅馬)環(huán)繞在桌面的躺椅
pollinium-pollinia 花粉塊
decennium-decennia 十年
biennium-biennia 兩年
triennium-triennia 三年
millennium-millennia/millenniums 一千年,太平盛世,想像中的黃金時(shí)期
quinquennium-quinquennia/quinquenniums 五年
syconium-syconia 隱頭花序
carpogonium-carpogonia 果胞
sporogonium-sporogonia 孢原細(xì)胞
spermatogonium-spermatogonia 精原細(xì)胞
principium-principia 原理,原則,基礎(chǔ)
marsupium-marsupia 育兒袋,卵袋
洛基英語 http://
syllabarium-syllabaria 音節(jié)表,字音表
columbarium-columbaria 骨灰盒安置所,放骨灰盒的壁龕,鴿棚
herbarium-herbaria 植物標(biāo)本集,植物標(biāo)本室,植物標(biāo)本盒
solarium-solaria 日光浴室,日光治療室
cinerarium-cineraria 骨灰盒存放所
honorarium-honoraria/honorariums 酬金,謝禮
insectarium-insectaria 養(yǎng)蟲室
planetarium-planetaria/planetariums 太陽系儀,天象儀,天文館
termitarium-termitaria 白蟻巢
armamentarium-armamentaria/armamentariums 一套設(shè)備
serpentarium-serpentaria/serpentariums 蛇類展覽館
aquarium-aquaria/aquariums 養(yǎng)魚缸,水族館,水族槽
vivarium-vivaria 動(dòng)物(或植物)園
equilibrium-equilibria/equilibriums平衡,均衡,平均,相稱
disequilibrium-disequilibria/disequilibriums 失去平衡,不均衡
perichondrium-perichondria 軟骨膜
imperium-imperia 最高權(quán)力,絕對統(tǒng)治,管轄,執(zhí)法權(quán),主權(quán)
bacterium-bacteria 細(xì)菌
delirium-deliria/deliriums 說胡話,極度興奮,發(fā)狂
corium-coria 真皮
triforium-triforia 教堂拱門上面的拱廊
anticlinorium-anticlinoria 復(fù)背斜
洛基英語 http://
synclinorium-synclinoria 復(fù)向斜
emporium-emporia/emporiums 商場,商業(yè)中心,大百貨商店
sensorium-sensoria/sensorium 感覺中樞
sudatorium-sudatoria/sudatoriums 熱氣浴室,熱氣浴
crematorium-crematoria/crematoriums 焚尸爐,火葬場
fumatorium-fumatoria/fumatoriums 密封熏蒸室,熏蒸
sanatorium-sanatoria/sanatoriums 療養(yǎng)院,休養(yǎng)地
moratorium-moratoria/moratoriums(依法給欠款人的)延期償還權(quán),(欠款的)延續(xù)償還期
natatorium-natatoria/natatoriums 游泳池(尤指室內(nèi)游泳池)
auditorium-auditoria 聽眾席,觀眾席,旁聽席,講堂,禮堂
lubritorium-lubritoria 機(jī)動(dòng)車潤滑油加油站
atrium-atria/atriums(古羅馬建筑物的)中庭,正廳,門廊,心房
epigastrium-epigastria 腹上部,第一膜片
hypogastrium-hypogastria 腹下部,下腹
mesogastrium-mesogastria 中腹部,(胚胎的)骨系膜
gymnasium-gymnasia/gymnasiums 體育館,健身房,大學(xué)預(yù)科
symposium-symposia/symposiums 酒會(huì),座談會(huì),專題討論會(huì),專題論文集
epimysium-epimysia 肌外膜
endomysium-endomysia 肌內(nèi)膜,肌纖維衣
solatium-solatia 賠償費(fèi)
cymatium-cymatia 反曲線狀,拱頂花邊,波狀花邊
consortium-consortia 財(cái)團(tuán),聯(lián)合企業(yè),合作,合伙
洛基英語 http://
ostium-ostia 口,門,孔
syncytium-syncytia 合胞體
colloquium-colloquia/colloquiums(學(xué)術(shù))討論會(huì),學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告
effluvium-effluvia/efflviums(臭氣、液體的)散發(fā),放出,惡臭氣,無聲放電
diluvium-diluvia/diluviums 洪積層,洪積流
alluvium-alluvia/alluviums 沖積層
compluvium-compluvia 房頂洞
trapezium-trapezia 梯形,不規(guī)則四邊形,大多角骨
velum-vela 帆(尤指軟腭),膜,緣膜,菌幕
filum-fila 絲
hilum-hila 臍,核,粒心
vallum-valla/vallums(古羅馬的)壁壘,壘墻
labellum-labella(植物的)唇瓣
flabellum-flabella(身體上)呈扇形的器官(或部分)
cerebellum-cerebella 小腦
flagellum-flagella/flagellums 鞭毛,鞭狀體,(昆蟲觸角的)鞭節(jié),鞭子
clitellum-clitella 環(huán)帶,生殖帶
scutellum-scutella 小盾片,胚鱗
spirillum-sprilla 螺旋菌
vexillum-vexilla(古羅馬騎兵的)軍旗,行列十字架
idolum-idola 幻象,觀念,謬論,謬見
tropaeolum-tropaeola/tropaeolums 旱金蓮屬植物
洛基英語 http://
exemplum-exempla/exemplums 例證,范例,說教性的故事
tintinnabulum-tintinnabula 小鈴鐺,鈴
incunabulum-incunabula 最初期,搖籃時(shí)代,古版書
acetabulum-acetabula 髖臼,腹吸盤
tenaculum-tenacula/tenaculums(外科手術(shù)中用的)把持鉤,挾鉤
retinaculum-retinacula 支持帶
hibernaculum-hibernacula(植物的)越冬芽,(動(dòng)物的)越冬巢,冬眠場所
speculum-specula/speculums 古代的金屬鏡,窺器,開張器,知識寶鑒
curriculum-curricula/curriculums 學(xué)校的全部課程,(一門)課程
cocurriculum-cocurricula/cocurriculums 輔助課程
riticulum-riticula(細(xì)胞原生質(zhì)的)網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu),(反芻動(dòng)物的)蜂窩胃
vinculum-vincula/vinculums 聯(lián)系,紐帶,系帶
inoculum-inocula 接種體,接種物
tuberculum-tubercula 結(jié)節(jié),小節(jié),小瘤
operculum-opercula/operculums(魚的)鰓蓋骨,(昆蟲的)蓋,(植物的)蒴蓋
vasculum-vascula 植物采集箱,采集用囊,解小管
osculum-oscula(動(dòng)物海綿體的)排水孔,(條蟲等的)吸附器官
opusculum-opuscula 小品,小曲
coagulum-coagula 凝結(jié)物,凝結(jié)塊
frenulum-frenula 系帶,(昆蟲的)翅韁,(腔腸的)下系帶
phylum-phyla(表示生物分類的)門,親緣關(guān)系疏于語族的一組語言
subphylum-subphyla 亞門
洛基英語 http://
extremum-extrema 數(shù)學(xué)極大值,極限
minimum-minima 數(shù)學(xué)最小值,最低限度
optimum-optima/optimums(生長繁殖的)最適合條件,最適度
maximum-maxima/maximums 最大量,最大數(shù),最大限度,頂點(diǎn)
arcanum-arcana 秘密,奧秘,秘方
organum-organa/organums(科學(xué)、哲學(xué)的)研究原則,研究法,推理法,工具論
tympanum-tympana/tympanums 耳鼓,鼓室,中耳,鳴腔
duoderum-duodera/duoderums 十二指腸
plenum-plena/plenums(物質(zhì)等的)充滿,充實(shí),全體會(huì)議,強(qiáng)制通風(fēng)
sphagnum-sphagna 水蘚,泥炭蘚
interregnum-interregna 政權(quán)空白期,間歇,中斷
mediastinum-mediastina(胸腔)縱隔,縱隔腔
sternum-sterna 胸骨,(甲殼動(dòng)物的)腹甲,腹板
xiphisternum-xiphisterna 劍胸骨,劍突
episternum-episterna 上胸骨,上腹板,前側(cè)片
labrum-labra(昆蟲、節(jié)足動(dòng)物等的)上唇
candelabrum-candelabra 大分枝,燭臺,蠟燭架,燈臺,華柱
cerebrum-cerebra/cerebrums 大腦
archicerebrum-archicerebra/archicerebrums 原腦
simulacrum-simulacra/simulacrums 像,影,幻影,模擬物
sacrum-sacra 骶骨,薦股
fulcrum-fulcra/fulcrums 支點(diǎn),支軸,舌骨,轉(zhuǎn)節(jié)
洛基英語 http://
involucrum-involucra(植物的)花被,蒴苞,總苞,外皮,包膜
serum-sera/serums 漿液,血清
antiserum-antisera/antiserums 抗血清
forum-fora/forums 論壇,討論會(huì)
plectrum-plectra/plectrums(彈弦樂用的)撥子,琴撥,撥弦片
spectrum-spectra/spectrums 系列,范圍,波譜,光譜,余像
philtrum-philtra 人中穴
antrum-antra 竇,室
centrum-centra 中心,中樞,椎體,中心體,(地震的)震源
sequestrum-sequestra/sequestrums 死骨兒,腐骨片
rostrum-rostra/rostrums 演講臺,講壇
dorsum-dorsa 背部,背狀部分
datum-data/datums 數(shù)據(jù),論據(jù),資料,材料
ultimatum-ultimata/ultimatums 最后通牒,最后的結(jié)論,基本原則
desideratum-desiderata 迫切需要的東西,迫切要求得到的東西
erratum-errata(書寫或印刷中的)錯(cuò)誤,勘誤表
stratum-strata 地層,階層
substratum-substrata 下層,(生物學(xué)中的)基層,培養(yǎng)基,基礎(chǔ),根據(jù),心土
superstratum-superstrata 上層,覆蓋層
factum-facta/factums 自己的行為,遺囑的正式訂立,呈文
rectum-recta 直腸
dictum-dicta/dictums 宣言,聲明,名言,格言,法官的意義
洛基英語 http://
punctum-puncta 斑點(diǎn),(昆蟲鞘翅上的)刻點(diǎn)
pinetum-pineta 松樹圖,(收集各種不同種類松樹的)松樹栽培圖
arboretum-arboreta/arboretums 植物圖,樹木圖
equisetum-equiseta/equisetums 木賊,木賊屬植物
quantum-quanta 量,定量,份額,總量,(物理)量子
omentum-omenta/omentums 網(wǎng)膜
momentum-momenta/momentums 動(dòng)量,勢頭,力量,要素,契機(jī)
tomentum-tomenta(動(dòng)物的)綿毛,(植物的)絨毛
notum-nota(動(dòng)物的)背部,(昆蟲的)背板
scrotum-scrota 陰囊
septum-septa 中隔,隔膜
frustum-frusta/frustums平截頭體
scutum-scuta 甲狀軟骨,骨室盾板,髕骨,(動(dòng)物的)鱗甲
vacuum-vacua/vacuums 真空,真空度,真空般狀態(tài),真空裝置,真空吸塵器
vesiduum-vesidua 剩余食物,殘留物,殘油,殘差
continuum-continua/continuums 連續(xù)統(tǒng)一體,閉聯(lián)集
menstruum-menstrua/menstruums 溶劑,溶媒
ovum-ova 卵,卵細(xì)胞
第五篇:名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es?,F(xiàn)將構(gòu)成方法與讀音規(guī)則列表如下: 規(guī)則 例詞 一般情況在詞尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days 2 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes 3 以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的詞 變-f和-fe為v再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives 加-s belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs 4 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities 5 以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,或?qū)S忻~以y結(jié)尾的,加-s toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys 6 以輔音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞 一般加-es hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes 不少外來詞加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos 兩者皆可 zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos 7 以元音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos 8 以-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths, 2.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):
英語里有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的,現(xiàn)歸納如下: 規(guī)則 例詞 改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式 man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2 單復(fù)數(shù)相同 sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin, 3 只有復(fù)數(shù)形式 ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents 4 一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù) people, police, cattle, staff 5 部分集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)(整體)也可以作復(fù)數(shù)(成員)audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party 6 復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義 customs(海關(guān)), forces(軍隊(duì)), times(時(shí)代), spirits(情緒), drinks(飲料), sands(沙灘), papers(文件報(bào)紙), manners(禮貌), looks(外表), brains(頭腦智力), greens(青菜), ruins(廢墟)7 表示“某國人” 加-s Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans 單復(fù)數(shù)同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese 以-man或-woman結(jié)尾的改為-men,-women Englishmen, Frenchwomen 8 合成名詞 將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù) sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends 無主體名詞時(shí)將最后一部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù) grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches 將兩部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù) women singers, men servants