第一篇：《新東方四級30天90分》詞匯學習筆記
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四級考試簡介
成績90分以上需要背4200個單詞
成績70－80分需要背457個單詞
單詞的重考率極高，比如：available（四級最愛）constrain（六級永陪詞匯）主考時態(tài)：容易成為答案的時態(tài)
1、過去完成時
2、將來完成時
3、完成進行時 課程安排：
1.摸底，講單詞2.時態(tài)，非謂語動詞3.虛擬語氣4.倒裝，主謂一致5.從句6.綜合串講 長得像的選項有一個是答案
[P56-24]Young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art;they want art they can participate in.A)conservative
B)content
C)confident
D)generous 注：押頭韻去除D。
[P56-29]By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _______ opportunity to change his mind.A)accurate
B)urgent
C)excessive
D)adequate 注：押尾韻去除C。摸底[P56-Unit 17] 21.As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _______it.A)postpone
B)refuse
C)delay
D)cancel 注：postpone 推遲 refuse 拒絕
delay 推遲，拖延
cancel 取消
22.These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you _______ you need.A)all the information
B)all the informationsC)all of information D)all of the informations 注：1.information 不可數(shù)名詞 2.all of 表示of 中的全部，所以后面名詞一定要有明確的范圍，必須加以限定。而all 沒有這個要求。
23.Not until the game had begun _______ at the sports ground.A)had he arrived
B)would he have arrived C)did he arrive
D)should he have arrived 注：1.not until 句型
2.過去完成時與一般過去時成對使用
24.Young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art;they want art they can participate in.A)conservative B)content
C)confident D)generous
注：conservative 保守的 content 滿足；內(nèi)容
confident 自信的generous 慷慨的
25.Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is _______.A)granted
B)implied
C)exaggerated D)remedied 注：exaggerated
夸大的
26.These surveys indicate that many crimes go _______ by the police, mainly because not all victims report them.A)unrecorded B)to be unrecorded C)unrecording D)to have been unrecorded 27.I have no objection _______ your story again.A)to hear
B)to hearing
C)to having heard
D)to have heard 注：object to doing 反對。其中 to為介詞。動詞跟介詞，則相應(yīng)的名詞形式也跟介詞 28.The clothes a person wears may express his _______ or social position.A)curiosity
B)status
C)determination D)significance 注：status 地位，身份
29.By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _______ opportunity to change his mind.A)accurate
B)urgent
C)excessive
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注：adequate 足夠的
30.You will see this product _______ wherever you go.A)to be advertised
B)advertised
C)advertise
D)advertising 31.The early pioneers had to _______ many hardships to settle on the new land.A)go along with
B)go back on C)go through D)go into 注：1.go through 經(jīng)歷困難而完成congratulation（對新郎）best wishes（對新娘）2.go along with 陪伴
3.go back on 違背，背棄
4.go into 談?wù)?，談?/p>
32.The suggestion that the mayor _______ they prizes was accepted by everyone.A)would present
B)present
C)presents D)ought to present注：should 省略虛擬
33.Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, _______ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.A)whose
B)which
C)that
D)what 34.Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested _______ at the next town.A)to stop
B)stopping
C)stop
D)having stopped注：suggest doing 建議做...35.I didn't know the word.I had to _______ a dictionary.A)look out
B)make out
C)refer to
D)go over注：refer to 查字典
36.The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _______ his arguments in favour of the new theory.A)to be based on
B)to base on
C)which to base on D)on which to base 注：on which to do
介詞+which+to do 結(jié)構(gòu)相當于定語從句
37.There are signs _______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A)that
B)which
C)in which
D)whose 注：同位語從句
38.I think I was at school, _______ I was staying with a friend during the vacation when I heard the news.A)or else B)and then
C)or so
D)even so 注：or else 否則要不然 39.It is said that the math teacher seems _______ towards bright students.A)partial
B)beneficial
C)preferable
D)liable注：partial 偏袒的
40.In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took _______ trouble over the figures.A)extensive
B)spare
C)extra
D)supreme注：extra 額外的 41.--“May I speak to your manager Mr.Williams at five o'clock tonight?”
--“I'm sorry.M.Williams _______ to a conference long before then.” A)will have gone
B)had gone
C)would have gone
D)has gone 注：主考時態(tài)：將來完成時，過去完成時
42.You _______ him so closely;you should have kept your distance.A)shouldn't follow
B)mustn't follow C)couldn't have been following
D)shouldn't have been following 注：本不應(yīng)該
43.The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, _______ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.A)have allowed B)allow
C)allowing
D)allows 注：主謂一致，復雜主語中心詞是growth，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
44.Everybody _______ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.A)assembled B)accumulated
C)piled
D)joined 注：assemble（人群的）聚集
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45.Putting in a new window will _______ cutting away part of the roof.A)include
B)involve C)containD)comprise注：involve doing = need doing 需要
46.Living in the western part of the country has its problems, _______ obtaining fresh water is not the least.A)with which B)for which
C)of whichD)which注：of which 其中
47.In the _______ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to $30 million.A)face
B)time C)even
tD)course 注：in the event of 萬一 48.The manager would rather his daughter _______ in the same office.A)had not worked B)not to work
C)does not work D)did not work 注：would rather 加一般過去時表示虛擬。
49._______, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.A)Although much he likes her
B)Much although he likes her C)As he likes her much
D)Much as he likes her 50.The British constitution is _______ a large extent a product of the historical events described above.A)within
B)to C)by
D)at 單詞記憶舉例：
Ivy 常春藤 gazelle 瞪羚vigor
精力naive
天真的quaint
古怪的acquaint 使熟悉 背單詞的方法： 諧音聯(lián)想記憶法：
ambition 野心
ambitious野心勃勃的 ponderous沉重的，笨重的sneer嘲笑,譏笑 exhaust 使精疲力盡
nuisance 討厭的人 bruise 瘀傷brutal 殘忍的curse 詛咒
2、近形對照法：
adapt 適應(yīng)；adopt 采納；收養(yǎng)adept 有技巧的；熟練的
coast 海岸線（ocean 海洋）;roast 燒，烤;boast 吹噓;toast 干杯 形象聯(lián)想法：
look 看；loom 若隱若現(xiàn)；liberty 自由；blush 臉紅；amorous 好色的；morose 郁悶的；mortal 必死的；mental 智力的，精神的
記憶類型：
1、視覺型：不斷的重復
2、聽覺型：自己錄自己的講解，不斷的聽
3、混合型：記情節(jié)，細節(jié)
愛情三部曲I：apply 申請
approve 批準
appreciate 感激
attention 注意attract 吸引
arrange 安排
appointment 約會
[P52-42]Niagara Falls is a great tourist ______, drawing millions of visitors every year.A)attention
B)attraction
C)appointment
D)arrangement 注：tourist attraction 旅游勝地
[P52-70]Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply ______.A)appreciated
B)approved
C)appealed
D)applied 注：appeal 上訴
subject to 屈從于，使服從
summit 峰會 高頻成為答案詞匯： 愛情三部曲
apply 申請
approve 批準
appreciate 感激
attention 注意
attract 吸引 arrange 安排
appointment 約會
engagement 約會
in that = because
now that = since
regardless of 不管，不顧 in terms of 根據(jù) object to 反對（to為介詞）
bargain v.討價還價；n.便宜貨
pace 節(jié)奏 available 可獲得的，可得到的（Are you available? 你是否有時間？）
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[P1-42]There were no tickets ______ for Friday?s performance.A)preferable B)considerable
C)possible
D)available 注：1.preferable 喜歡的，更好的2.considerable 相當多的，大量的； considerate 體貼的，體諒的，考慮周到的
[P3-62]______ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A)For now
B)Now that C)Ever since
D)By now [P5-48]The match was cancelled because most of the members ______ a match without a standard court.A)objected to having B)were objected to have C)objected to have D)were objected to having 注：objected to doing [P6-56]Many people complain of the rapid ______ of modern life.A)rate B)speed
C)pace
D)growth [P13-58]Liquids are like solids ______ they have a definite volume.A)with that
B)for that
C)in that
D)at that [P15-34]Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, ____ the color of his skin.A)regardless of
B)in the light of
C)by virtue of
D)with the exception of 注：1.in the light of 根據(jù)
2.by virtue of 借助于，依靠，由于 3.with the exception of 除了
[P17-57]______ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.A)For
B)Since
C)Now
D)Despite [P23-59]He decided to make further improvements on the computer?s design _________ the light of the requirements of customers.A)an
B)for
C)in
D)with [P27-43]It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _________ knowledge.A)extensive B)expansive C)intensive D)expensive 注：通過押頭韻排除C，通過押尾韻排除B 重要的詞性：
1、動詞和名詞：名詞是動作的發(fā)出者或承受者。
2、形容詞和名詞：形容詞修飾名詞。
I love a beautiful girl.3、副詞：副詞修飾形容詞；副詞修飾動詞；副詞修飾副詞。
I love a very beautiful girl.I always love a very beautiful girl.Not surprisingly, I always love a very beautiful girl.豬八戒的五大特征： 1.vigorous 精力充沛的 2.glimpse 一瞥
love at the first glimpse 一見鐘情
view 風景（不可數(shù)）a room with view《看得見風景的房間》；視野 come into view 走進視野
glance 一瞥
gaze 凝視，尤指感興趣的看（gazelle 瞪羚）
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peep 偷窺
3.considerate 體貼的；
considerable 相當多的，大量的； 4.consistent 一致的，和諧的； 5.be liable for 對……負責
動詞：謂語動詞有且只有一個。如果再出現(xiàn)動詞只能以非謂語形式存在：-ing,-ed, to do
To get a high score, we have to study hard.I came in, followed by two dogs.Seeing is believing.口訣：
謂語非謂經(jīng)常混
謂語句中就一個
其余動詞非謂語
非謂形式有三種
-ing,-ed 和to do
現(xiàn)在分詞表主動
過去分詞表被動
目的要用不定式
主賓要用動名詞
一、謂語動詞常考點：時態(tài)、語態(tài)、情態(tài)、倒裝、主謂一致
二、謂語動詞的時態(tài)（共有16 種）：
時間：過去、現(xiàn)在、將來、過將（虛擬）
狀態(tài)：一般、進行、完成、完成進行 三、四級考試中主要考的三個時態(tài)：過去完成時、將來完成時、完成進行時
1、過去完成時：到過去某個點為止所完成的動作；在過去發(fā)生了兩個動作，先過去完成時后一般過去時。
過去完成時與一般過去時常常成對出現(xiàn)。
[P2-53]We _________ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.A)just have had
B)have just had
C)just had
D)had just had [P28-25]Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949, it _________ necessary for all planes to land for refueling.A)would be B)has been
C)had been
D)would have been 注：時態(tài)題，A和D是虛擬語氣，應(yīng)排除。過去完成時所以選C。
A thief who broke into a church was caught because traces of wax, found on his clothes, _______ from the sort of candles used only in churches.A)had come
B)coming
C)come
D)that came 注：1.because 從句缺謂語
2.兩個逗號中間的found on his clothes 是插入成分
William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, _______ defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.A)peculiarly
B)indifferently
C)vigorously
D)inevitably 注：1.peculiarly 奇怪地
2.indifferently 冷漠地
3.inevitably 不可避免地
Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _______ in the marker.A)batteries
B)bargains
C)baskets
D)barrels [P56-23]Not until the game had begun_______ at the sports ground.A)had he arrived
B)would he have arrived
C)did he arrive
D)should he have arrived 注：Not until 連詞，標明從句。主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。
Not until the vacation had begun did I pay tuition.Not until I had met Lily did I realize the importance of English.聲明：本資料由聽力課堂網(wǎng)站收集整理，僅供英語愛好者學習使用，資料版權(quán)屬于原作者。
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Not until I had met Lily did I realize that learning English is so easy.2、將來完成時：到將來某個點為止所完成的動作。
We'll have learned 3000 words by the end of this year.by then 到那個時候
[P8-45]By the end of this month, we surely _________ a satisfactory solution to the problem.A)have found B)will be finding C)will have found D)are finding [P8-49]Not _________, the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture.A)obviously B)surprisingly C)particularly D)normally [P26-39] It?s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _________ by about 10%.A)will have risen
B)has risen
C)will be rising D)has been rising 注：rise to 上升到
rise by 上升了
[P54-55]Between 1974 and 1997，the number of overseas visitors expanded ______ 27%.A)by
B)for
C)to
D)in [P54-54]It is our ______ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.A)consistent B)continuous C)considerate
D)continual 注：continuous 連續(xù)不斷的considerate 體貼的 continual 時斷時續(xù)的，斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的
[P54-56]Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful ______ it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes are behaviors.A)by which
B)to which
C)in that
D)so that
注：in that 因為 [P26-34]We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came _________ view.A)from
B)in
C)before
D)into [P25-29]Although I like the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful _________ through the window.A)vision
B)look
C)picture
D)view [P24-66]I have no objection _________ the evening with them.A)to spend
B)to spending
C)of spending
D)spending [P43-47]My train arrives in New York at eight o?clock tonight.The plane I would like to take from there _________ by then.A)would leave
B)will have left
C)has left
D)had left 注：時間狀語從句，條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。
[P43-51]All flights _________ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.A)had been canceled
B)have been canceled
C)were canceled
D)having been canceled 注：because of 介詞，此句為單句，謂語動詞有一個，所以選非謂語動詞。獨立主格 [P43-53]Remember that customers don?t _________ about prices in that city.A)debate
B)consult
C)dispute
D)bargain
注：1.bargain 討價還價
2.debate 辯論，爭論 3.consult 咨詢4.dispute 辯論,爭吵 dispute over [P45-42]By the end of the year all but two people _________.A)have left
B)will leave
C)will be leaving
D)will have left [P45-70]Our journey was slow because the train stopped _________ at different villages.A)unceasingly B)gradually
C)continuously
D)continually 注：1.journey 旅行2.unceasingly 不停地，連續(xù)不斷地3.gradually 逐漸地
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4.continuously 連續(xù)不斷地 5.continually 時斷時續(xù)地，斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地
[P44-58]These two areas are similar _________ they both have a high rainfall during this season.A)to that
B)besides that
C)in that
D)except that [P66-41]By the time you get to New York, I ______ for London.A)would be leaving
B)am leaving C)have already left
D)shall have left [P63-31]By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ______ here for two days.A)will have stayed
B)shall stay C)have been staying
D)have stayed
3、完成進行時：更加強調(diào)時間性。
現(xiàn)在完成進行時為例：They have been standing there for 3 days.[P16-45]It seems oil _________ from this pipe for some time.We?ll have to take the machine apart to put it right.A)had leaked
B)has been leaking
C)leaked
D)is leaking 非謂語動詞三大類：分詞、動名詞、不定式 分詞?？碱}型：做狀語、做定語 分詞作狀語形式：，主謂賓
不管謂語和賓語，只看主語能不能做這件事。分詞作狀語題型，不定式不是答案。
永遠不是答案的形式：having +v-ed, been+ v-ed, be+ v-ed 過去分詞強調(diào)被動狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在分詞強調(diào)主動進行。例：_____, I am listening to the music.Standing by Mr.LiuB)Stood by Mr.Liu 注：看主語能不能發(fā)出這個動作，還是動作的承受者來選擇是-ing還是-ed [P11-43] No matter how frequently ___, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.A)performed
B)performing
C)to be performed
D)being performed 注：“空格+逗號+主謂賓”表示分詞作狀語。
現(xiàn)在分詞的常見形式：
1.一般式：v-ing 與謂語動詞同步發(fā)生。2.being+ v-ed 表示正在被做。
3.having +ed 表示動作發(fā)生謂語動詞之前。（在四級考試中不是正確答案）Having destroyed their house, they lived in a cave [P29-22] ___ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.A)Having believed
B)Believing
C)Believed
D)Being believed 注：分詞作狀語題型。
[P57-68] ___ in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing.A)To look at
B)Looking at
C)Looked at
D)To be looked at 注：分詞作狀語題型，A和D選項首先排除，situation和look是被動關(guān)系，所以選C [P57-69] A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen.They are a thorough ______.A)nuisance
B)trouble
C)worry
D)anxiety 注：nuisance 討厭的人 單詞記憶：
exhaust 使精疲力盡
sting 蜇，咬
bruise 瘀傷 black and blue 青一塊，紫一塊，遍體鱗傷的
brutal 殘忍的 kagroo 袋鼠
cougar 美洲獅
ignore 忽視
ignorant 無知的
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ignorance 無知
ambition 雄心，野心
sneer 輕視，蔑視 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：
1、名詞/代詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞
2、在句中作狀語
3、分詞的一種，也有分詞的幾種事時態(tài)
4、with/ without復合結(jié)構(gòu)
P41-49] All things _________, the planned trip will have to be called off.A)considered
B)be considered
C)considering
D)having considered 注：分詞題型中 having +ed 都不要考慮
P6-58]The speaker, _________ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.A)having known
B)being known
C)knowing
D)known 注：having + v-ed做定語和狀語都不會是答案
[P22-44]Homework _________ on time will lead to better grades.A)done
B)be done
C)having done
D)to have been done [P22-45]The speech _________, a lively discussion started.A)being delivered
B)was delivered
C)be delivered
D)having been delivered 注：1.考的是過去式獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
2.按時間順序，先講座后討論，所以選D。
[P37-36]As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town _____ 50 households or more.A)having
B)to have
C)to have had
D)having had [P44-48]The speech which he made _____ the project has bothered me greatly.A)being concerned
B)concerned
C)be concerned
D)concerning 注：1.which he made定語從句本身不是劃線的內(nèi)容的話，可以將其去掉不考慮。
2.concerning 為介詞，關(guān)于。相當于 about/ over（國外常用）； concerning/ as to（國內(nèi)考試用）。
3.bother 打擾；brother 兄弟
fiend 魔鬼；friend 朋友 動名詞：動作性的名詞
1、是名詞，可作主語和賓語。
2、兩種形式：-ing 形式表示主動Seeing is believing；being + v-ed 表被動 being exposed to。
3、前面可有動作的發(fā)出者，即帶主語（賓格/所有格）I remember him offering.4、后面可有動作的承受者，即帶賓詞 Starving troops is necessary.5、動名詞作主語時謂語動詞一定要用單數(shù)。
6、動名詞的否定前面直接加not。
口訣：動名詞功能多
能做主能做賓
主動形式-ing
被動形式being done
可帶賓可加主
主為賓格所有格 [P8-44] After _________ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A)being interviewed
B)interviewed
C)interviewing
D)having interviewed 注：介詞后缺賓語，應(yīng)為被動形式。[P44-45] _________ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.聲明：本資料由聽力課堂網(wǎng)站收集整理，僅供英語愛好者學習使用，資料版權(quán)屬于原作者。
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A)The girl was educated
B)The girl educated C)The girl?s being educated
D)The girl to be educated 需要接動名詞的動詞：
COMPARE: consider
object to
mind
prevent/
permit avoid
risk enjoy MISTAKE: miss imagine
suggest
tolerate
appreciate keep escape [P5-49]The teacher doesn?t permit _________ in class.A)smoke
B)to smoke
C)smoking
D)to have a smoke [P5-51]I appreciate _________ to your home.A)to be invited
B)to have invited
C)having invited
D)being invited [P8-41] Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy _______ for her examination.A)to prepare
B)to be prepared
C)preparing
D)being prepared 注：be busy doing [P11-42]Mark often attempts to escape _______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A)having been fined
B)to have been fined
C)being fined
D)to be fined [P11-41]I would appreciate ______ it a secret.A)you to keep
B)your keeping
C)that you keep
D)that you will keep [P18-58]The man in the corner confessed to _________ a lie to the manager of the company.A)have told
B)having told
C)being told
D)be told
注：1.to 在這里是介詞。（having+v-ed唯一正確的一次）
2.to 作介詞的詞組：object to, look forward to 等 [P19-48] It?s no use _________me not to worry.A)you tell B)your telling
C)for you to have told
D)having told 注：固定句型 It's no use doing.做什么事情是沒有用的
[P20-55]They are considering _________before the prices go up.A)of buying the house
B)with buying the house C)buying the house D)to buy the house [P20-59]He went ahead _________ all warnings about the danger of his mission.A)in case of B)because of
C)regardless of
D)prior to 注: 1.go ahead 繼續(xù)
2.mission 任務(wù) [P20-65] None of the servants were _________ when Mr.smith wanted to send a message.A)available B)approachable C)attainable D)applicable 不定式的?？夹问剑鹤鞫ㄕZ，作狀語
1、作狀語表目的 To become a teacher, you must have a master degree.2、定語表示將要做，分詞作定語表示已完成。the surface to be glued（即將被粘好的）/ the surface glued（已經(jīng)被粘好的）
3、不定式的省略，如 help，使役動詞 have，感觀動詞 see。
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口訣：一個感覺 feel
兩個聽 hear/ listen to
三個讓 have/ make/ get/ let（聽力中）
四個看 notice/ watch/ observe/ see
半個 help 兩均可
被動以后 to 還原
[P19-53]My sister?s professor had her _________ her paper many times before allowing her to present it to the committee.A)rewritten
B)to rewrite
C)rewrite
D)rewriting 注：have sb.do sth.讓某人做某事 [P20-54] Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _________ it closely.A)followed
B)following
C)to follow
D)being followed 注：1.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
2.兩個名詞之間用-ing形式
3.自然現(xiàn)象用主動形式
[P28-42]Don?t get your schedule _________;stay with us in this class.A)to change
B)changing
C)changed
D)change [P38-44]They are going to have the technician _________ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A)install
B)to install
C)to be installed
D)installed 注：1.主動才能帶賓語，have sb.do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。
2.technician 技術(shù)工人
[P50-67]In Australia the Asians make their influence _________ in businesses large and small.A)felling
B)feel
C)felt
D)to be felt [P50-42]I'm very sorry to have _______ you with so many questions on such an occasion.A)interfered
B)offended C)impressed
D)bothered 注：1.interfer 干涉，干擾 2.offend 冒犯 3.impress 印象；express 表達 4.bother 打擾 [P51-46]I have heard both teachers and students _______ well of him.A)to speak
B)spoken
C)to have spoken
D)speak [P51-52]William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, _______ defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.A)peculiarly
B)indifferently
C)vigorously
D)inevitably 注: peculiarly 奇特的
[P58-30]You will see this product _______ wherever you go.A)to be advertised B)advertised
C)advertise
D)advertising [P63-16]They noticed a crowd of people in front of the Madeleine _____.A)shouting and cheering
B)to shout and cheer C)to be shouting and cheering
D)being shouted and cheered [P2-55]The children went there to watch the iron tower _______ A)to erect
B)be erected
C)erecting
D)being erected 加不定式與doing含義不一樣的動詞
FROGS:forget
remember/ regret
go on
stop + doing 表示已做的事情
+ to do 表示沒做的事情 [P10-62]I remember ______ to help us if we ever got into trouble.聲明：本資料由聽力課堂網(wǎng)站收集整理，僅供英語愛好者學習使用，資料版權(quán)屬于原作者。
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A)once offering
B)him once offering
C)him to offer
D)to offer him [P27-40]If I had remembered ______ the window, the thief would not have got in.A)to close
B)closing
C)to have closed
D)having closed 應(yīng)該類的虛擬語氣
1、應(yīng)該做的事情 I should go!
2、非現(xiàn)實情況的描述 I should be working now!
3、懊悔不已的事情 I should have practiced more.4、要求類動詞后需要用虛擬語氣，should 可以省略
如：require 命令；request 要求；reticent 沉默的；retinue 隨從 innocent 無辜的；天真的 I DROP CAPS:
insist，demmand/ desire
require/ request order
propose command
advice
prefer s uggest [P60-42]You _______ him so closely;you should have kept your distance.A)shouldn't follow B)mustn't followC)couldn't have been followingD)shouldn't have been following [P59-32]The suggestion that the mayor _______ they prizes was accepted by everyone.A)would present
B)present
C)presents
D)ought to present 注：suggest + that 虛擬語氣表建議should 可以省略suggest doing suggest 表明，不接虛擬 [P49-65]The manager of the hotel requests that their guests _________ after 11:00p.m.A)not to play loud music
B)shouldn?t play loud music C)don?t play loud music
D)couldn?t play loud music [P18-43]He suggested _________ to tomorrow?s exhibition together.A)us to go
B)we went
C)we shall go
D)we go [P17-55]I don?t think it advisable that Tim _________ to the job since he has no experience.A)be assignedB)will be assignedC)is assignedD)has been assigned [P12-44]It is recommended that the project _________ until all the preparations have been made.A)not be started B)will not be started
C)is not started
D)is not to be started [P26-28]It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios _________ after 11 o?clock at night.A)were not playedB)not to playC)not be playedD)did not play It is + adj.+ that 句型，should 可以省略的虛擬。
adj.important necessary essential incredible strange
naturalpity ashame
no wander 與事實相反類的虛擬
1、與現(xiàn)在事實相反：用一般過去時（系動詞用were）I wish I were not here.2、與過去事實相反：用過去完成時 I wish I had passed CET-4.I wish I could have passed CET-4.(非正式表達方式）
[P56-58]Sometimes I wish I ______ in a different time and a different place.A)be living
B)were living
C)would live
D)would have lived [P56-56]Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful
it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes are behaviors.A)by which
B)to which
C)in that
D)so that [P56-57]He is ______ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.A)optimistic
B)optional
C)outstanding
D)obvious 注：1.optimistic 樂觀的2.optional 可選擇的3.outstanding 突出的聲明：本資料由聽力課堂網(wǎng)站收集整理，僅供英語愛好者學習使用，資料版權(quán)屬于原作者。
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[P56-64]It is essential that these application forms ______ back as early as possible.A)must be sent B)will be sent C)are sent D)be sent注：It is + adj.+that 句型。[P11-70]Look at the terrible situation I am in!If only I _________ your advice.A)follow B)had followed
C)would follow
D)have followed 注：表示與過去事實相反。
[P12-45]I wish I _________ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.A)have slept
B)slept C)might have slept
D)could have slept 注：表示與過去事實相反。
3、對將來事實可能出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象的否定推測，用虛擬語氣。
I wish you couldn't smoke any more.would/ could/ should/ might + v.用be to 表示將來，虛擬語氣中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)were to do（考點）
I am to go shopping.---I were to go shopping.If only I were to go shopping.[P35-47]If only the committee _______ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.A)approve
B)will approve
C)can approve
D)would approve 虛擬條件句
定義：在一個與事實相反的條件的基礎(chǔ)之上所得出的應(yīng)該的亦或是可能的結(jié)論。虛擬條件句的結(jié)構(gòu)：與事實相反類（條件）＋ 應(yīng)該類（結(jié)論）
這兩個部分沒有必然而直接的聯(lián)系，在解題時先看結(jié)論再看條件。If Mr.Wang hadn't cultivated me, I shouldn't be working now.同義詞辨析：tame 馴化
breed 繁殖
raise 撫養(yǎng)
cultivate 培養(yǎng) 結(jié)論部分：would/ could/ should/ might + 虛擬
規(guī)律：如果把空格劃在條件部分，一定要選擇 were to；
如果把空格劃在結(jié)論部分，有could/ would/ should/ might +have +v.-ed 為正確答案。
有時一些介詞也可以表示條件：In your position I would kill myself.= If I were in your position...此類詞有：otherwise/ but for/ without/ with 虛擬語氣中 If 可以省略，但是句序要變，If I were you...改為Were I you...[P34-34]________ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.A)Had they arrivedB)Would they arriveC)Were they arrivingD)Were they to arrive [P34-33]Last year the advertising rate ________ by 20 percent.A)raised
B)aroused
C)arose
D)rose [P16-42] Had he worked harder, he _________ the exams.A)must have got throughB)could get through C)would get throughD)would have got through 注：條件部分省略了if 用了倒裝。
[P28-44]Jean doesn?t want to work right away because she thinks that if she _________ a job she probably wouldn?t be able to see her friends very often.A)has to ge
tB)were to get
C)had got
D)could have got [P31-42]_________ right now, she would get there on Sunday.A)Would she leave
B)If she leaves
C)Were she to leave
D)If she had left 聲明：本資料由聽力課堂網(wǎng)站收集整理，僅供英語愛好者學習使用，資料版權(quán)屬于原作者。
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[P12-46]We didn?t know his telephone number, otherwise we _________ him.A)had telephoned B)must have telephoned C)would telephon D)would have telephoned [P12-52]_____ quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.A)Until
B)Before
C)From
D)Since 注：not...until...的句型。
[P13-58]Liquids are like solids _________ they have a definite volume.A)with that
B)for that
C)in that
D)at that [P2-51]He must have had an accident, or he _________ then.A)would have been here
B)had to be here C)should be here
D)would be here 注：1.must have done 表示對過去事實的肯定推測
2.or 表否定
[P2-52]It was essential that the application forms _____ back before the deadline.A)must be sent B)would be sent C)be sent
D)were sent [P3-62]_____ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work..A)For now
B)Now that
C)Ever sine
D)By now 注：1.for now 眼下，目前 2.now that 既然 3.ever since 自從以來 4.by now 至今為止 特殊句型：
1.would rather 加賓從時用一般過去時表示虛擬。
I would rather you didn't appear in my life.聯(lián)想單詞記憶: Cupid 丘比特
Venus 維納斯；金星
volcano 火山
Mars 戰(zhàn)神
Apollo 阿波羅，太陽神 Diana 月亮女神
meander 蜿蜒而流
laurel 月桂樹，桂冠 cupidity 貪婪
avenue 林蔭大 revenue 收入，稅入 adamant 堅強的 Adam's apple 喉結(jié)
2.would rather 加動詞（原形）時表示寧愿，相當于情態(tài)動詞。
I would rather stay here.3.would rather 與 than 搭配。
I would rather stay here than go home.4.It is time...句型，用一般過去時表虛擬語氣。
It is time you picked up a girl.[P45-57]“You are very selfish.It?s high time you _________ that you are not the most important person in the world, ” Edgar said to his boss angrily.A)realized
B)have realized
C)realize
D)should realize [P45-58]These two areas are similar _________ they both have a high rainfall during this season.A)to that
B)besides that
C)in that
D)except that [P45-60]If I hadn?t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _________ now.A)wouldn?t be smiling
B)couldn?t have smiled
C)won?t smile
D)didn?t smile 注：混合虛擬語氣
首先判斷是否是虛擬語氣；如果是虛擬語氣的話，見到now就是混合虛擬語氣 [P41-48]I?d rather you _______ make any comment on the issue for the time being.A)don?t
B)wouldn?t
C)didn?t
D)shouldn?t
[P41-53]If she doesn?t tell him the truth now, he?ll simply keep on asking her until she _____.A)does
B)has done
C)will do
D)would do 注：在條件句中在時間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。
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[P39-59]You don?t have to be in such a hurry, I would rather you _______ on business first.A)would go
B)will go
C)went
D)have gone [P31-43]It?s already 5 o?clock now.Don?t you think it?s about time ________?
A)we are going home B)we go home
C)we went home
D)we can go home [P24-61]To be frank, I?d rather you ________ in the case.A)will not be involved
B)not involved
C)not to be involved
D)were not involved [P24-66] I have no objection ________ the evening with them.A)to spend
B)to spending
C)of spending
D)spending [P14-70]It took him several months to ______ the wild horse.A)tendB)
cultivate
C)tame
D)breed 注：tend to 打算做某事
tend 照料
bar tender 調(diào)酒師 bargain 討價還價，便宜貨(some bargains)
bar 酒吧，棍子 embarrass 尷尬
ass 屁股，驢子，笨蛋
donkey 驢
barbarian 野蠻人
barren 貧瘠的assassin 暗殺者
[P14-69]A completely new situation will _______ when the examination system comes into existence.A)rise
B)arise
C)raise
D)arous 愛情三步曲II：
今天又是一個Friday，俺無事可做idleness，人也很lazy，班長inform（通知）我，說今晚有個party，一想到晚會上會assemble（無數(shù)）lady，心里感到陣陣(burst)happy，今晚上帝對俺特別的mercy（仁慈），在墻角居然坐著個fairy（仙女），lonely（孤單的）的眼神，迷人的appearance（外表），給俺留下很深的impression（印象），俺決定把握住這次opportunity（機會），【Opportunity knocks only once.】
于是上前說：Hi, baby!她看也不看就說busy，眼神中透露出indifferently（冷漠），于是俺說：俺多少也算是個celebrity（名人），這一招果然effective（有效），她抬起眼看了看說really? 于是我擺了個pose說：你看我像不像Snoopy? 她說：切！那我就是lovely kitty。笑容也變得sunny（陽光的），就這樣我認識了我的honey，這個故事聽起來像fantasy（幻想，白日夢）一致關(guān)系： 結(jié)構(gòu)一致
平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)是由平行結(jié)構(gòu)的連接詞連接兩個或兩個以上對等的對象構(gòu)成的。SOFTEN 原則：Smile, Open，F(xiàn)orward，Touch，Eye contact，Nod平行結(jié)構(gòu)標志詞 FANOYERMB：for, and, as well as, not...but, not only...but also, neither...nor, other than, yet, either...or, rather than, more than, but I have nothing to do but call the police.平行結(jié)構(gòu)的原則：形式對稱
[P5-50]I like watching TV _________ to the cinema.A)more than to go
B)than going
C)more than going
D)rather than to go [P5-51]I appreciate _________ to your home.A)to be invited
B)to have invited
C)having invited
D)being invited 聲明：本資料由聽力課堂網(wǎng)站收集整理，僅供英語愛好者學習使用，資料版權(quán)屬于原作者。
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[P5-48]The match was cancelled because most of the members _________ a match without a standard court.A)objected to having B)were objected to haveC)objected to haveD)were objected to having [P8-47]Having no money but _______ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A)not to want anyoneB)not wanting anyoneC)wanted no oneD)to want no one [P8-46]Mr.Wilson said that he did not want to _______ any further responsibilities.A)take on
B)get on C)put up
D)look up 注：1.take on 承擔；流行
2.get on 上車
g et into 鉆進車里
3.put up 建立
[P8-41]Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ______ for her examination.A)to prepare B)to be prepared
C)preparing
D)being prepared [P9-48]We desire that the tour leader _______ us immediately of any change in plans.A)inform B)informs
C)informed
D)has informed [P9-55]In the course of a day students do far more than just _______ classes.A)attend B)attended C)to attend
D)attending [P9-53]Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people _________ harm them.A)more than B)other than
C)rather than
D)better than 注：1.rather than 而不是2.more than 勝過
3.better than 比……好 [P23-54]Not that John doesn?t want to help you, _______ it?s beyond his power.A)but that
B)for that
C)and that
D)in that 注：1.考的是not...but...平行結(jié)構(gòu)。2.beyond 超越
beyond one's imagination 超乎想象 [P25-67]Realizing that he hadn?t enough money and _______ to borrow from his father, he decided to sell his watch.A)not wanted
B)not to want
C)not wanting
D)wanting not 代詞指代一致：
one...another...one...the other...some...others...one...the others...any 任何（共性）
each 每個（個性）
[P19-44]No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to _____.A)the other B)any other C)another rD)other 注：neither 兩者都不 P19-49] I have two boys but _______ of them likes sweets.A)both B)neither
C)either
D)none 注：common sense 常識
nonsense 胡說，謙虛地說
[P1-45____student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.A)Each
B)Any
C)Either
D)One [P1-42]There were no tickets _________for Friday?s performance.A)preferable B)considerable
C)possible
D)available 注：1.preferable 更好的，更可取的具有比較意義的形容詞要求和 to 來搭配，如 superior, senior, junior, inferior, A is sencond only to B
2.considerable 相當多的，大量的
[P15-31]The medicine is on sale everywhere.You can get it at ________ chemist?s.A)each
B)some C)any
D)certain [P15-34] Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, _________ the color of his skin.A)regardless of
B)in the light of
C)by virtue of
D)with the exception of
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注：1.in the light of 根據(jù)
2.by virtue of 借助，由于
3.with the exception of 除了，相當于 other than [P31-39]All the students in this class passed the English exam _________ the exception of Li Ming.A)on
B)in
C)for
D)with P31-40]Young adults _________ older people are more likely to prefer pop songs.A)other than
B)more than
C)less than
D)rather than 注：rather than 而不是
[P4-41]We had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, so let?s have ________ one this month.A)another
rB)more
C)the other
D)other [P4-68] A new technique ________, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.A)working out B)having worked out C)having been worked outD)to have been worked out 注：非謂語動詞題型，句首出現(xiàn)名詞為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。定語從句引導詞：關(guān)系代詞
1.which 指物，who 指人，人物混用/前面有不定代詞/序數(shù)詞/最高級時用that。2.which 用在非限制定語從句（有逗號），如：
He always changed his mind, which makes me angry.3.as 也可以引導非限制定語從句。
as與which 的區(qū)別：
1)which只能用在句子中間和后邊，而as可用在句首和句尾。
As makes me angry, he always changed his mind.2)as 搭配：same as/ such as
the same watch as you have [P1-43]It wasn?t such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.A)that
B)which
C)as
D)what [P11-67]___ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.A)That
B)Which
C)As
D)It [P42-58]The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, _______ is often the case in other countries.A)as
B)what
C)so
D)that [P63-17]We had to sleep in our wet clothes, _____ was most uncomfortable.A)in which
B)which
C)where
D)that [P3-60]The goals _______ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A)after which
B)for which
C)with which
D)at which 注：1.fight for 為……而奮斗
2.fight with 與誰打架 [P3-56]The engine _______ smoke and steam.A)gives up
B)gives in
C)gives away
D)gives off 注：1.gives up 放棄
2.gives in 屈服
3.gives away 走漏風聲，贈送
4.gives off 釋放 [P3-57] The manager promised to keep me ________ of how our business was going on.A)to be informed
B)on informing
C)informed
D)informing [P42-62]We need a chairman _________.A)for whom everyone has confidence
B)in whom everyone has confidence C)who everyone has confidence of
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注：have confidence in 對……有信心 [P60-46] Living in the western part of the country has its problems, _______ obtaining fresh water is not the least.A)with which
B)for which
C)of which
D)which 注：
1.of which 其中
2.On the one hand, On the other hand, Last but not least（最重要的）
3.face something = be faced with
4.依照原句型造句：
Learning English has its problems, of which reciting words is not the least.Students will face a lot of problems, of which improving yourself is not the least [P64-24]This is a subject about _____ we might argue for a long while.A)that
B)it
C)which
D)what 注：作為介詞賓語用which不能用that，但in that 除外 介詞 + which + to do 其功能相當于定語從句。The key with which to open the door has been lost.[P59-36] The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _______ his arguments in favour of the new theory.A)to be based on
B)to base on
C)which to base on
D)on which to base 注： fici-做
sufficient 足夠的 deficient 缺乏的 efficient 有效的（效率）
effect 有效（結(jié)果）proficient 熟練的 bene-好
beneficial 有益benediction 祝福
[P12-50]You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from _________ to suspend your tent.A)there
B)them
C)where
D)which [P13-59] When a fire ________ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.A)broke off
B)broke down
C)broke out
D)broke up 注：1.break off 斷裂（部分從整體上下來）
2.break up 打碎
3.break out 爆發(fā) 主謂一致
從句/ 不定式/ 動名詞做主語，謂語是單數(shù)。
Seeing is believing./ To see is to believe.眼見為實。You got 100 is a mystery to me.從句在句子中做什么功能即為什么從句。
1、主語從句：
（1）主語從句做主語，謂語動詞單數(shù)。
（2）主語從句的引導詞：how, why, whether, that,what（引導的缺主語或缺賓語的從句）[P7-69]How close parents are to their children _________ a strong influence on the character of the children.A)have
B)has C)having
D)to have [P13-55] In some countries, _________ is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.A)which B)one
C)that
D)what
2、定語從句主謂一致：取決于其先行詞（定語從句所修飾的名詞）
3、隨前一致：以前面的名詞為準。
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A with B 取決于A
as well as
including
with
together with accompanied by
4、隨后一致：not A but B/ not only A but also B+ v.與B一致
5、就近原則：以靠近的名詞為準。n1 or n2 +v.either n1 or n2 +v.6、A and B 結(jié)構(gòu)：
（1）A and B 指同一個東西，是單數(shù)。
a lawyer and teacher
law and order 法律法規(guī)
war and peace 戰(zhàn)爭與和平
bread and butter 基本生活必須品
butterfly 蝴蝶
To love and to be loved 愛與被愛
2）A and B 所指不同，是復數(shù)。
a lawyer and a teacher
air and water
7、時間/距離/長度/重量做主語，謂語動詞單數(shù)。
Time is money.時間就是金錢。
8、百分比結(jié)構(gòu)：取決于后面的名詞。
of+n.+v.（由of后的n.決定）
one+persent
majority
minority
9、many a +n./ more than one +n./ a n.or two/ every n1.and n2.謂語動詞都是單數(shù)。
10、The+adj.表示一類人，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。The rich are always ridiculous.[P42-63]Over a third of the population was estimated to have no ________ to the health service.A)assessment
B)assignment
C)exception
D)access [P43-70]The course normally attracts 20 students per year, ________ up to half will be from overseas.A)in which
B)for whom
C)with which
D)of whom 百分比結(jié)構(gòu)取決于后面的名詞。
n1.of n2.取決于n1.（非百分比結(jié)構(gòu)）[P60-43] The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, _______ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.A)have allowed
B)allow
C)allowing
D)allows [P60-42] You _______ him so closely;you should have kept your distance.A)shouldn't follow
B)mustn't follow C)couldn't have been following
D)shouldn't have been following [P60-41]--“May I speak to your manager Mr.Williams at five o'clock tonight?”--“I'm sorry.M.Williams _______ to a conference long before then.” A)will have gone
B)had gone
C)would have gone
D)has gone [P60-44]Everybody _______ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.A)assembled
B)accumulated
C)piled
D)joined [P60-45]Putting in a new window will _______ cutting away part of the roof.A)include
B)involve
C)contain
D)comprise 注：involve doing 表示要求做
[P60-48]The manager would rather his daughter _______ in the same office.A)had not worked B)not to work
C)does not work
D)did not work [P54-41]She ought to stop work;she has a headache because she ______ too long.A)has been reading
B)had read
C)is reading
D)read [P54-42] Niagara Falls is a great tourist ______ drawing millions of visitors every year.聲明：本資料由聽力課堂網(wǎng)站收集整理，僅供英語愛好者學習使用，資料版權(quán)屬于原作者。
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A)attention
B)attraction
C)appointment
D)arrangement [P54-43]I don't mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late.A)you to delay making B)your delaying makingC)your delaying to make
D)you delay to make [P54-44]The hopes goals, fears and desires _______ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.A)alter
B)shift
C)transfer
D)vary 注：1.alter 細微的改變
2.shift 本質(zhì)上的轉(zhuǎn)變，性質(zhì)上的轉(zhuǎn)變
3.transfer 轉(zhuǎn)學；調(diào)任工作
transform 改變
transport 運輸
passport 護照 transplant 移植
transmit（疾病/廣播電視節(jié)目/文化/語言的）傳播 emit 釋放
omit 省略
4.vary 差異
vary between/ throughout/ from A to B [P43-41]A person?s calorie requirements vary ________ his life.A)across
B)throughout
C)over
D)within [P37-42]Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, ________ obtaining water is not the least.A)for which
B)to which
C)of which
D)in which
[P37-43]Which sport has the most expenses ________ training equipment, players? personal equipment and uniforms? A)in place of
B)in terms of
C)by means of
D)by way of 注：in terms of 根據(jù)
[P30-29]Features such as height, weight, and skin color _________ from individual to individual and from face to face.A)change
B)vary
C)alter
D)convert 注：convert（宗教信仰的）改變
[P54-45]Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it ______ in Cuba.A)being cultivated
B)been cultivated C)having cultivated D)cultivating [P54-46]The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _____ on benches, chairs or boxes.A)having seated
B)seating
C)seated
D)having been seated 注：seat sb.給某人安排座位
[P55-47]This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen ______ comfortably.A)is worn
B)wears C)wearing
D)are worn 注：感觀動詞用主動
[P55-48]Some diseases are _____ by certain water animals.A)transplanted
B)transformed
C)transported
D)transmitted [P55-49]Wouldn't you rather your child _______ to bed early? A)go
B)went
C)would go
D)goes coincidence（時間；空間）巧合 意見的）一致 倒裝
1、承前否定，前面是否定后面也是否定意義。nor, neither
I cann't answer, nor can I.nor 是連詞，neither 既是連詞又是副詞 I cann't answer, but neither can I。
考試中neither和nor同時出現(xiàn)時，通常考得是neither的副詞用法。
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[P3-59]She never laughed, _________ lose her temper.A)or she ever did
B)nor did she ever
C)or did she ever
D)nor she ever did 注: lost one's temper 發(fā)脾氣
[P35-39] The manager lost his _________ just because his secretary was ten minutes late.A)mood
B)temper
C)mind
D)passion 注: 1.in no mood to do 沒有心情做某事
2.mind doing 介意做某事 3.passion 熱情，激情 [P22-42]I could not persuade him to accept it, _________ make him see the importance of it.A)if only I could no tB)no more than I could C)or I could not D)nor could I [P27-33] The organization had broken no rules, but _________ had it acted responsibly.A)neither
B)so
C)either
D)both [P49-57]We don?t need air conditioning, _________.A)nor can we afford it B)and nor we can afford it C)neither can afford it D)and we can neither afford it注: afford 負擔，承擔
2、only 在于句首＋狀語/狀從，部分倒裝。Only at work did he feel happy.Only when you get 85 will I feel better.Only you can go with me to the west heaven.（加主語不倒裝）[P19-50]Only by shouting at the top of his voice _______.A)was he able to make himself hear B)he was able to make himself hear C)he was able to make himself heard
D)was he able to make himself heard 注: 1.forum 論壇2.summit 峰會3.convention 國際會議，傳統(tǒng)，風俗4.conference 一般性的會議
5.seminar 研討會
[P16-43]Only under special circumstances ________ to take make-up tests.A)permitted are freshmen
B)freshmen are permitted C)are freshmen permitted
D)are permitted freshmen 注：make-up test 補考
make for 走向
make up for 補償，彌補
3、否定副詞或具有否定意義的詞在句首，句子部分倒裝。little, no longer，not only...but also，rarely, not until，in no way，scarcely...when，hardly，no sooner...than 主句倒裝從句不倒裝。
[P6-62]No sooner had we reached the top of the hill _________ we all sat down to rest.A)when
B)then
C)than
D)until [P52-60] We have been told that under no circumstances _______ the telephone in the office for personal affairs.A)may we use
B)we may use
C)we could use D)did we use [P52-59]Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _______ in the marker.A)batteries
B)bargains C)baskets
D)barrels 注：1.batteries 電池
2.barrels 桶
4、as, though 表盡管時，句子部分倒裝。
Beautiful as she is she is stupid.[P35-40]Great as Newton was, many of his ideas _______ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.聲明：本資料由聽力課堂網(wǎng)站收集整理，僅供英語愛好者學習使用，資料版權(quán)屬于原作者。
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A)are to challenge B)may be challenged
C)have been challenged D)are challenging
[P26-26]___ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.A)Being published
B)Published
C)Publishing
D)To be published P51-48]The house was very quiet, _______ as it was on the side of a mountain.A)isolated
B)isolating
C)being isolated
D)having been isolated 注：isolate 孤立
stimulate 刺激
prestige 名聲，聲望
ostrich 鴕鳥 同位語從句Mr.Huang, a CET-4 teacher, is a native to Dalian.主語同位語從句：
Evidence that Mr.Huang killed himself came out.1）主語必須是一個概括性名詞，如：evidence, news, believe, 想法，標志等。2）同位語從句用來解釋說明名詞。
Evidence came out that Mr.Huang killed himself.同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：
I knew the news that he killed himself.（同位語從句）I knew the news that was written by you.（定語從句）
1）同位語從句是用來解釋前面的名詞，而定語從句是用來修飾、限制前面的名詞。2）同位語從句必須是特殊的概括性的名詞，而定語從句可以是任何名詞。3）同位語從句 that 起引導詞的作用（從句主謂賓完整），定語從句 that 起關(guān)系代詞的作用（從句不完整）。
[P59-37]There are signs _______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A)that
B)which
C)in which
D)whose [P53-69]___ evidence that language-acquiring ability must be stimulated.A)It being B)It is C)There is
D)There being 注：1.+ 名詞，選項中的 there be 結(jié)構(gòu)為首選。2.作表語是形容詞優(yōu)于名詞。It is evident that...3.evident 明顯的 dentist 牙醫(yī)
[P17-53]The mere fact _________ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.A)that B)which C)whatD)why [P7-63]Evidence came up _________ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.A)what
B)which
C)that
D)whose 難題、短語
[P1-41]The bridge was named _______the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.A)after B)with
C)by
D)from 注：1.be named after 以……命名
2.be named by 被……取名 [P1-46]All _______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A)what is needed B)for our needs
C)the thing needed
D)that is needed 注：all that = what [P3-61]I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and _________ in a quiet neighbourhood.A)all in all B)above all C)after all D)over all 注：1.above all 首先2.all in all 總的來說3.after all 畢竟、終究4.over all 遍及 5.overall 制服；總的
[P5-44]There were some _________ flowers on the table.A)artificialB)unnaturalC)falseD)unreal 聲明：本資料由聽力課堂網(wǎng)站收集整理，僅供英語愛好者學習使用，資料版權(quán)屬于原作者。
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注：1.artificial 人造的2.unnatural 不自然的
3.false 具有欺騙性的“假” false hair 假發(fā)false teeth 假牙 4.unreal 不真實的 [P5-47]Children are very curious _________.A)at heart B)in person
C)on purpose
D)by nature 注：1.by nature 天性
2.at heart 在心理上（強調(diào)內(nèi)心世界）3.in person 親自的 4.on purpose 有目的的、故意的
[P7-67]What _________ would happen if the director knew you felt that way? A)do you suppose B)you suppose
C)will you suppose D)you would suppose 注：do you suppose 做插入語，過去時用did [P6-54]Important people don?t often have much free time as their work _________ all their time.A)takes away
B)takes over
C)takes up
D)takes in 注：1.take up 占用 2.take away 拿走
3.take over 接管
4.take in 理解；欺騙（口語）
I was simply taken in.[P9-56]The French pianist who had been praised very highly _________ to be a great disappointment.A)tuned up
B)turned in
C)turned out D)turned down 注：1.turn out to be 證明是，結(jié)果是2.turn up 出現(xiàn)3.turn in 上交
4.turn down 拒絕；把音量調(diào)小[P15-32]You cannot be _________ careful when you drive a car.A)very B)too C)so
D)enough 注：not too+adj 再……也不過分
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第二篇：新東方四級高頻詞匯
需要辨析的：
1.call off（取消、放棄）和 call up（召集、喚起）2.adapt to 和 adopt
3.arise 和 arouse 4.count on = rely on 5.cope with = deal with
6.no doubt 和 in doubt 7.employee 和 employer 8.general 和 generous
9.instant 和 constant 10.lie（及物）和 lay（不及物）11.regulate 和 regular
12.supply（有目的提供）和 offer（無目的提供）
語法：（分值?。?/p>
1． 虛擬語氣：
表示建議的幾個詞：wish, would rather, had rather;
it is time that + 過去式；
it is high time that + 過去式；
but for、lest、as if、as though、would、should、could、might +動詞原型。
2． 非謂語動詞：
最?？迹翰欢ㄊ?表示主動、將來，通常愛做后置定語；
其次考：分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動進行，過去分詞表示被動完成。通常做狀語。
再次考：動名詞 動詞名詞化，做主語和賓語。
3． 時態(tài)：
按出題可能性大小依次為：將來完成時，過去完成時，現(xiàn)在完成進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時，一般現(xiàn)在時。
4． 語態(tài)：
肯定考被動。
作文：（肯定是議論文、最有沖刺性）
什么樣的英雄是你心目中的英雄（有可能出）
適合才是找工作的關(guān)鍵（有可能出）
學校點名有沒有必要
談一下你對atm機的看法（有可能出）
防盜門窗有沒有用
你對打折的看法
演講稿的開頭致歡迎詞
獨生子女的利弊
你怎么看待電視購物，電子購物
網(wǎng)絡(luò)的利弊 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－（最有可能！）
閱讀：
必考體裁：
1。美國文化生活實文
提示：1。friend,關(guān)于友誼；2。家庭，父母，養(yǎng)父母；3?！八劳觥痹掝}，安樂死；4。美國經(jīng)濟問題
2。教育學
提示：1。imitation(模仿)；2。中美教育差別；3。選專業(yè)，找工作
3。自然學科
提示：讀什么選什么。＊只要有 all 或only 的選項就排除。
出題原則：
1． 轉(zhuǎn)折原則：出現(xiàn)but、however肯定出題；
2． 原因原則：出現(xiàn)because、reason、witse（由于）、be due to（由于）肯定出題；
3． 比較原則：在讀文章時，遇到比較原則的特征詞做出標記，以便定位；
題干當中出現(xiàn)特征詞，回原文定位時，必須有相同或類似的說法出現(xiàn)；
要是選項中出現(xiàn)了特征詞，如果要選，原文中必須有出處，但通常無出處，所以常排除。
特征詞：best、first、last、no、all、none、primally、best、always、never、main、more?than?.as?.as?.、only、sole、unique
4．例證原則：例子本身不重，所支持的觀點、論斷最重要。
做題技巧：
－－－－－－細節(jié)題：
1． 文章議論順序和出題順序一致；
2． 從題干中尋找典型的特征詞回原文中定位；
常用定位詞：時間，地點，人名，特征名詞及其定語
3． 從選項當中尋找一個與所定位內(nèi)容意思最接近的作為正確答案。
排除法：1。分清有無，2。分清強弱，3。分清主次，4。分清正反，5。分清寬窄，6。分清全偏。
＊ ＊＊選項中有以下幾個詞則排除：totally, compalatly, unlimitely.－－－－－－態(tài)度題：
永遠不可能為答案的詞：indifferent（漠不關(guān)心的），subject（主觀的）
常選詞：
樂觀、贊揚：positive（支持），accurate，optimistic（樂觀的）
中立： objective（客觀的）在自然科學文章中常作正確選項
neutral（中立的）在自然科學文章中常作正確選項
悲觀、批評：critical（批評的），negative，pessimistic（悲觀的）
出處：1。主題句，2。例證的傾向性，3，修飾語的感情色彩
－－－－－－topic題（1個）：
1． 文章的topic（議論對象、說明對象）必須存在于正確答案當中；
在文章中尋找topic：從前不從后，從多不從少。
2． 排除：文章所談的細節(jié)內(nèi)容和段落內(nèi)容永遠不可能成為答案；
3． 主題句的出處：文章首句 或 首段末句 或 二段首句。
－－－－－－infer題（1—2個）：
1． 基本原則：從選項當中尋找一個與原文意思最相近的作為正確答案；
2． 從選項下手，運用排除法。
－－－－－－詞匯和指代合在一起（出一題）：
1． 指代：在文章中找到位置往前找，離它最近的名詞、詞組和句子；
2． 詞匯：從該詞附近的定語從句、同位語、同位語從句、逗號和破折號中間的插入語并列結(jié)構(gòu)
四級詞匯主要由：基礎(chǔ)詞匯＋四級高頻詞匯＋詞組
我將會在今后的一個月內(nèi)每天上傳四級的高頻詞匯。一天記30個詞匯，經(jīng)過一個月的突擊努力，將會使你的詞匯學習更加有的放矢，詞匯積累過程就會相應(yīng)縮短，少走彎路，避免無效的重復。1.alter v.改變，改動，變更 2.burst vi.,n.突然發(fā)生，爆裂
3.dispose vi.除掉；處置；解決；處理(of)4.blast n.爆炸；氣流 vi.炸，炸掉 5.consume v.消耗，耗盡
6.split v.劈開；割裂；分裂 a.裂開的 7.spit v.吐（唾液等）；唾棄 8.spill v.溢出，濺出，倒出 9.slip v.滑動，滑落；忽略
10.slide v.滑動，滑落 n.滑動；滑面；幻燈片
11.bacteria n.細菌
12.breed n.種，品種 v.繁殖，產(chǎn)仔 13.budget n.預算 v.編預算，作安排 14.candidate n.候選人 15.campus n.校園
16.liberal a.慷慨的；豐富的；自由的 17.transform v.轉(zhuǎn)變，變革；變換 18.transmit v.傳播，播送；傳遞 19.transplant v.移植
20.transport vt.運輸，運送 n.運輸，運輸工具 21.shift v.轉(zhuǎn)移；轉(zhuǎn)動；轉(zhuǎn)變 22.vary v.變化，改變；使多樣化 23.vanish vi.消滅，不見
24.swallow v.吞下，咽下 n.燕子 25.suspicion n.懷疑，疑心 26.suspicious a.懷疑的，可疑的
27.mild a.溫暖的，暖和的；溫柔的，味淡的 28.tender a.溫柔的；脆弱的
29.nuisance n.損害，妨害，討厭（的人或事物）30.insignificant a.無意義的，無足輕重的；無價值的 31.accelerate vt.加速，促進
32.absolute a.絕對的，無條件的；完全的 33.boundary n.分界線，邊界
34.brake n.剎車，制動器 v.剎住（車）35.catalog n.目錄（冊）v.編目 36.vague a.模糊的，不明確的 37.vain n.徒勞，白費 38.extinct a.絕滅的，熄滅的
39.extraordinary a.不平常的，特別的，非凡的 40.extreme a.極度的，極端的 n.極端，過分 41.agent n.代理人，代理商；動因，原因 42.alcohol n.含酒精的飲料，酒精 43.appeal n./vi.呼吁，懇求 44.appreciate vt.重視，賞識，欣賞 45.approve v.贊成，同意，批準 46.stimulate vt.刺激，激勵 47.acquire vt.取得，獲得；學到 48.accomplish vt.完成，到達；實行
49.network n.網(wǎng)狀物；廣播網(wǎng)，電視網(wǎng)；網(wǎng)絡(luò) 50.tide n.潮汐；潮流 51.tidy a.整潔的，整齊的
52.trace vt.追蹤，找到 n.痕跡，蹤跡 53.torture n./vt.拷打，折磨 54.wander vi.漫游，閑逛
55.wax n.蠟 56.weave v.織，編
57.preserve v.保護，保存，保持，維持 61.abuse v.濫用，虐待；謾罵
62.academic a.學術(shù)的；高等院校的；研究院的 63.academy n.（高等）專科院校；學會 64.battery n.電池（組）65.barrier n.障礙；棚欄
66.cargo n.（船、飛機等裝載的）貨物 67.career n.生涯，職業(yè)
68.vessel n.船舶；容器，器皿；血管 69.vertical a.垂直的
70.oblige v.迫使，責成；使感激 71.obscure a.陰暗，模糊
72.extent n.程度，范圍，大小，限度 73.exterior n.外部，外表 a.外部的，外表的 74.external a.外部的，外表的，外面的 75.petrol n.汽油 76.petroleum n.石油
77.delay vt./n.推遲，延誤，耽擱 78.decay vi.腐爛，腐朽 79.decent a.像樣的，體面的 80.route n.路；路線；航線
81.ruin v.毀壞，破壞 n.毀滅，[pl.]廢墟 82.sake n.緣故，理由 83.satellite n.衛(wèi)星
84.scale n.大小，規(guī)模；等級；刻度 85.temple n.廟宇
86.tedious a.乏味道，單調(diào)的，87.tend vi.易于，趨向 88.tendency n.趨向，趨勢
89.ultimate a.極端的，最大的，最終的 n.極端 90.undergo v.經(jīng)歷，遭受
91.abundant a.豐富的，充裕的，大量的 92.adopt v.收養(yǎng)；采用；采納
93.adapt vi.適應(yīng)，適合；改編，改寫 vt.使適應(yīng) 94.bachelor n.學士，學士學位；單身漢 95.casual a.偶然的，碰巧的；臨時的；非正式的 96.trap n.陷阱，圈套 v.設(shè)陷阱捕捉 97.vacant a.空的，未占用的 98.vacuum n.真空，真空吸塵器 99.oral a.口頭的，口述的，口的 100.optics n.（單、復數(shù)同形）光學 101.organ n.器官，風琴
102.excess n.過分，過量，過剩 103.expel v.驅(qū)逐，開除，趕出 104.expend v.消費
105.expenditure n.支出，消費；經(jīng)費 106.expense n.開銷，費用
107.expensive a.花錢多的；價格高貴的 108.expand v.擴大，擴張；展開，膨脹 109.expansion n.擴大，擴充；發(fā)展，膨脹 110.private a.私人的，個人的
111.individual a.個別的，單獨的 n.個人，個體 112.personal a.個人的，私人的；親自的 114.personnel n.[總稱]人員，員工；人事部門 115.the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 116.the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 117.the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋 118.the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋 119.grant vt.授予，同意，準予 119.grand a.宏偉大，壯麗的，重大的 120.invade v.侵入，侵略，侵襲
121.acid n.酸，酸性物質(zhì) a.酸的；尖刻的 122.acknowledge v.承認；致謝 123.balcony n.陽臺 124.calculate vt.計算，核算 125.calendar n.日歷，月歷 126.optimistic a.樂觀
127.optional a.可以任選的，非強制的 128.outstanding a.杰出的，突出的，顯著的 129.export n.出口（物）v.出口，輸出 130.import n.進口（物）v.進口，輸入 131.impose vt.把...加強(on)；采用，利用 132.religion n.宗教，宗教信仰 133.religious a.宗教的 134.victim n.犧牲品，受害者
135.video n.電視，視頻 a.電視的，錄像的 136.videotape n.錄像磁帶 v.把...錄在錄像帶上 137.offend v.冒犯，觸犯 138.bother v.打攪，麻煩 139.interfere v.干涉，干擾，妨礙 140.internal a.內(nèi)部的，國內(nèi)的 141.beforehand ad.預先，事先 142.racial a.人種的種族的 143.radiation n.放射物，輻射 144.radical a.根本的；激進的
145.range n.幅度，范圍 v.（在某范圍內(nèi)）變動
146.wonder n.驚奇，奇跡 v.想知道，對...感到疑惑 147.isolate vt.使隔離，使孤立
148.issue n.問題，爭論點；發(fā)行，（報刊）一期 149.hollow a.空的，中空的，空虛道 150.hook n.鉤 vt.鉤住 151.adequate a.適當?shù)?；足?/p>
152.adhere vi.粘附，附著；遵守，堅持 153.ban vt.取締，禁止 154.capture vt.俘虜，捕獲
155.valid a.有效的，有根據(jù)的；正當?shù)?156.valley n.山谷，峽谷
157.consistent a.堅固定；一致的，始終如一的 158.continuous a.繼續(xù)的，連續(xù)（不斷）的 159.continual a.不斷地，頻繁的 160.explode v.爆炸；爆發(fā)；激增 161.exploit v.剝削；利用，開采 162.explore v.勘探
163.explosion n.爆炸；爆發(fā)；激增 164.explosive a.爆炸的；極易引起爭論的 165.remote a.遙遠的，偏僻的 166.removal n.除去，消除 167.render vt.使得，致使
167.render 解釋比較長，可要仔細體會?。?/p>
1.render sth(for sth)；rendersth(to sb)give sth in return,or exchange,or as sth which is due 給予某物作為報償或用以交換；回報；歸還
render homage,obedience,allegiance,etc.表示敬意、順從、效忠等： a reward for services rendered 服務(wù)的酬金 render good for evil 以德報怨 render insult for insult 以侮辱對侮辱
render sb a service/render a service to sb 為某人服務(wù) render help to disaster victims 向災民提供援助 render thanks to God 感謝上帝
2.present or send in(an account)for payment 遞交或開出（帳單）： account rendered $50 開出50美元的帳單
3.cause(sb/sth)to be in a certain condition 使（某人[某事物]）處于某種狀況： rendered helpless by an accident 因出事故而束手無策
Your action had rendered our contract invalid.你們的這種做法導致雙方的合同失敗。
4.[esp passive 尤用于被動語態(tài)] give a performance of(music,a play,a character.etc);give a portrayal of(sb/sth)in painting,etc.演奏（音樂）；演出（戲?。话缪荩ń巧?；以繪畫等表現(xiàn)（某人[某物]）： The piano solo was well rendered.那支鋼琴獨奏曲彈得真好。'Othello' was rendered rather poorly.《奧賽羅》這出戲演得不好。
The artist had rendered her gentle smile perfectly.該藝術(shù)家把她那溫柔的笑容表現(xiàn)得惟妙惟肖。5.render sth(into sth)express sth in another language;translate sth.翻譯某事物： How would you render 'bon voyage'(into English)? 'bon voyage'怎么翻譯（成英語）？
Rendering poetry into other language is difficult.翻譯詩歌是很困難的。
6.cover(stone or brick)with a first layer of plaster 在（石或磚）上抹灰泥打底： render walls 在墻上抹底灰
7.（習語）render an zccount of oneself,one's behaviour,etc explain or justify what one has said,done,etc.為自己的言行等作解釋或辯護.8.render sth down： make(eg fat,lard)liquid by heating it;melt sth down 將（脂肪、豬油等）熬成油；熔化某物。render sth up：hand over or surrender sth;yield sth.移交或交出某物；放棄某事物： render up a fort,town,etc to the enemy 放棄要塞、城市等被敵人占領(lǐng)(fig比喻)He rendered up his soul to God,ie died.他魂歸天國了 168.precaution n.預防，防備，警惕 169.idle a.懶散的，無所事事的 170.identify vt.認出，鑒定 171.identify n.身份；個性，特性 172.poverty n.貧窮
173.resistant a.(to)抵抗的，抗...的，耐...的 174.resolve vt.解決；決定，決意 175.barrel n.桶
176.bargain n.便宜貨 vi.討價還價 177.coarse a.粗的，粗糙的，粗劣的 178.coach n.教練；長途公共汽車 179.code n.準則，法規(guī)，密碼 180.coil n.線圈 v.卷，盤繞
181.adult n.成年人 182.advertise v.為...做廣告 183.advertisement n.廣告 184.agency n.代理商，經(jīng)銷商
185.focus v.（使）聚集 n.焦點，中心，聚焦 186.forbid vt.不許，禁止 187.debate n./v.辯論，爭論 188.debt n.欠債 189.decade n.十年
190.enclose vt.圍住；把...裝入信封 191.encounter vt./n.遭遇，遭到 192.globe n.地球，世界；地球儀 193.global a.全球的；總的 194.scan vt.細看；掃描；瀏覽 195.scandal n.丑事，丑聞 196.significance n.意義；重要性 197.subsequent a.隨后的，后來的 198.virtue n.美德，優(yōu)點
199.virtual a.實際上的，事實上的
200.orient vt.使適應(yīng)，(to,toward)使朝向 n.東方 201.portion n.一部分
202.target n.目標，靶子 vt.瞄準
203.portable a.手提式的 204.decline v.拒絕，謝絕；下降 205.illusion n.錯覺
206.likelihood n.可能，可能性 207.stripe n.條紋
208.emphasize vt.強調(diào)，著重 209.emotion n.情感，感情
210.emotional a.感情的，情緒（上）的211.awful a.極壞的，威嚴的，可怕的 212.awkward a.笨拙的，棘手的 213.clue n.線索，提示 214.collision n.碰撞，沖突 215.device n.裝置，設(shè)備 216.devise vt.發(fā)明，策劃，想出 217.inevitable a.不可避免的 218.naval a.海軍的 219.navigation n.航行
220.necessity n.必需品；必要性 221.previous a.先，前，以前的
222.provision n.[pl.]給養(yǎng)，口糧；準備，設(shè)備，裝置 223.pursue vt.追逐；追求；從事，進行 224.stale a.不新鮮的，陳腐的 225.substitute n.代用品 vt.代替 226.deserve vt.應(yīng)受，應(yīng)得，值得 227.discrimination n.歧視；辨別力 228.professional a.職業(yè)的，專門的 229.secure a.安全的，可靠的 230.security n.安全，保障 231.scratch v./n.抓，搔，扒 232.talent n.才能，天資；人才 233.insurance n.保險，保險費 234.insure vt.給...保險，保證，確保 235.nevertheless ad.仍然，然而，不過 236.neutral a.中立的，中性的
237.spot n.地點；斑點 vt.認出，發(fā)現(xiàn)；玷污 238.spray v.噴，（使）濺散
239.medium a.中等的，適中的 n.媒介物，新聞媒介 240.media n.新聞傳媒 241.auxiliary a.輔助的，備用的 242.automatic a.自動的 243.compete vi.競爭，比賽
244.competent a.有能力的，能勝任的 245.competition n.競爭，比賽 246.distribute vt.分發(fā)
247.disturb vt.打攪，妨礙 248.infer v.推論，推斷
249.integrate v.(into,with)（使）成為一體，（使）合并 250.moist a.潮濕 251.moisture n.潮濕 252.promote vt.促進；提升 253.region n.地區(qū)；范圍；幅度 254.register v./n.登記，注冊 255.stable a.穩(wěn)定的
256.sophisticated a.老于世故的，老練的；很復雜的 257.splendid a.極好的，壯麗的，輝煌的 258.cancel vt.取消，廢除 259.variable a.易變的，可變的 260.prospect n.前景，前途；景象 261.prosperity n.興旺，繁榮 262.aspect n.方面；朝向；面貌 263.cope vi.(with)（成功地）應(yīng)付，處理 264.core n.果心，核心
265.maintain vt.維持，保持；堅持，主張 266.mainland n.大陸
267.discipline n.紀律；懲罰；學科
268.domestic a.本國的，國內(nèi)的；家用的；家庭的 269.constant a.不變的，恒定的 n.常數(shù)
270.cliff n.懸崖，峭壁
271.authority n.權(quán)威；當局 272.audio a.聽覺 273.attitude n.態(tài)度
274.community n.社區(qū)，社會
275.commit vt.犯（錯誤，罪行等），干（壞事等）276.comment n./vt.評論 277.distinguish vt.區(qū)分，辨別 278.distress n.痛苦，悲傷 vt.使痛苦 279.facility n.[pl.] 設(shè)備，設(shè)施；便利，方便
280.faculty n.能力，技能；系，學科，學院；全體教員 281.mixture n.混合，混合物 282.mood n.心情，情緒；語氣 283.moral a.道德上的，有道德的 284.prominent a.突出的 285.substance n.物質(zhì)；實質(zhì)
286.substantial a.可觀的；牢固的；實質(zhì)的 287.prompt vt.促使 a.敏捷的，及時的 288.vivid a.生動的
289.vocabulary n.詞匯（量）；詞匯表
290.venture n.風險投資，風險項目 v.冒險；取于
291.version n.版本，譯本；說法 292.waist n.腰，腰部 293.weld v./n.焊接 294.yawn vi.打哈欠
295.yield vi.(to)屈服于；讓出，放棄 n.產(chǎn)量 296.zone n.地區(qū)，區(qū)域 297.strategy n.戰(zhàn)略，策略
298.strategic a.戰(zhàn)略（上）的，關(guān)鍵的 299.tense a.緊張的 v.拉緊 n.時態(tài) 300.tension n.緊張（狀態(tài)），張力
301.avenue n.林蔭道，大街
302.available a.現(xiàn)成可用的；可得到的 303.comparable a.(with,to)可比較的，類似的 304.comparative a.比較的，相對的 305.dash vi.猛沖，飛奔 306.data n.數(shù)據(jù)，資料 307.dive vi.跳水，潛水
308.diverse a.不同的，多種多樣的 309.entitle vt.給...權(quán)利，給...資格 310.regulate vt.管理，調(diào)節(jié)
311.release vt./n.釋放，排放；解釋解脫 312.exaggerate v.夸大，夸張 313.evil a.邪惡的，壞的 314.shrink vi.起皺，收縮；退縮 315.subtract v.減（去）316.suburb n.市郊 317.subway n.地鐵
318.survey n./vt.調(diào)查，勘測 319.wealthy a.富裕的 320.adjust v.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié) 321.attach vt.系，貼；使附屬
322.profit n.利潤，益處；v.有益于，有利于 323.profitable a.有利可圖的 324.slope n.斜坡，斜面 325.reinforce vt.增強，加強 326.reject vt.拒絕
327.fatal a.致命的；重大的 328.fate n.命運
329.humble a.謙遜的；謙虛的 330.illegal a.不合法的，非法的331.award vt.授予，判給 n.獎品，獎金 332.aware a.意識到
333.column n.柱，圓柱；欄，專欄 334.comedy n.喜劇
335.dumb a.啞的；沉默的 336.dump vt.傾卸，傾倒 337.deaf a.聾的；不愿聽的 338.decorate vt.裝飾，裝璜
339.principal a.最重要的 n.負責人，校長 340.principle n.原則，原理 341.prior a.優(yōu)先的，在前的 342.priority n.優(yōu)先，重點 343.prohibit vt.禁止，不準
344.remarkable a.值得注意的，異常的，非凡的 345.remedy n./vt.補救，醫(yī)治，治療 346.repetition n.重復，反復 347.vain a.徒勞的，無效的
348.undertake vt.承擔，著手做；同意，答應(yīng) 349.unique a.唯一的，獨特的 350.obstacle n.障礙（物），妨礙 351.odd a.奇特的，古怪的；奇數(shù)的 352.omit vt.省略
353.opponent n.敵手，對手 354.opportunity n.機會，時機 355.orchestra n.管弦樂隊 356.semester n.學期；半年 357.semiconductor n.半導體 358.seminar n.研討會
359.terminal a.末端的，極限的 n.終點 360.territory n.領(lǐng)土
361.approximate a.大概的，大約 v.近似 362.arbitrary a.隨意的，未斷的 363.architect n.建筑師 364.architecture n.建筑學 365.biology n.生物學 366.geography n.地理（學）367.geology n.地質(zhì)學 368.geometry n.幾何（學）369.arichmetic n.算術(shù) 370.algebra n.代數(shù)
371.entertainment n.娛樂；招待，款待 372.enthusiasm n.熱情，熱心
373.entry n.進入，入口處；參賽的人（或物）374.enviroment n.環(huán)境 375.episode n.插曲，片段 376.equation n.方程（式）377.restrain vt.阻止，抑制 378.restraint n.抑制，限制
379.resume v.（中斷后）重新開始 380.severe a.嚴重的 381.sexual a.性的
382.simplicity n.簡單；樸素 383.simplify vt.簡化 384.sorrow n.悲哀，悲痛
385.stuff n.原料，材料 vt.填進，塞滿 386.temporary a.暫時的，臨時的 387.temptation n.誘惑，引誘 388.terror n.恐怖 389.thrust v.擠，推，插 390.treaty n.條約，協(xié)定
391.arise vi.產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生；起身 392.arouse vt.引起，激起；喚醒 393.burden n.重擔，負荷 394.bureau n.局，辦事處
395.marveous a.奇跡般的，驚人的 396.massive a.大的，大量的，大塊的 397.mature a.成熟的
398.maximum a.最高的，最大的 399.minimum a.最低的，最小的 400.nonsense n.胡說，冒失的行動 401.nuclear a.核子的，核能的 402.nucleus n.核 403.retail n./v./ad.零售 404.retain vt.保留，保持 405.restrict vt.限制，約束
406.sponsor n.發(fā)起者，主辦者 vt.發(fā)起，主辦，資助 407.spur n./vt.刺激，激勵 408.triumph n.勝利，成功 409.tuition n.學費
410.twist vt.使纏繞；轉(zhuǎn)動；扭歪 411.undergraduate n.大學肄業(yè)生 412.universal a.普遍的，通用的；宇宙的 413.universe n.宇宙
414.via prep.經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過，通過 415.vibrate v.振動，搖擺 416.virus n.病毒 417.voluntary a.自愿的
418.volunteer n.志愿者 v.自愿（做）419.vote v.選舉 n.選票
420.wagon n.四輪馬車，鐵路貨車
421.appoint vt.任命，委派
422.approach v.靠近，接近n.途徑，方式
423.appropriate a.適當?shù)?424.bunch n.群，伙；束，串
425.bundle n.捆，包，束 vt.收集，歸攏 426.ceremony n.典禮，儀式 427.chaos n.混亂，紊亂 428.discount n.（價格）折扣 429.display n./vt.陳列，展覽 430.equivalent a.相等的 a.相等物 431.erect a.豎直的 v.建造，豎立 432.fax n./vt.傳真
433.ferfile a.肥沃的；多產(chǎn)的 434.fertilizer n.肥料 435.grateful a.感激的 436.gratitude n.感激 437.horror n.恐怖 438.horrible a.可怕的
439.Internet n.國際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，因特網(wǎng) 440.interpret v.翻譯，解釋 441.interpretation n.解釋，說明 442.jungle n.叢林，密林 443.knot n.結(jié) vt.把...打成結(jié) 444.leak v.漏，滲出 445.lean vi.傾斜，倚，靠 446.leap vi.跳躍 447.modify vt.修改 448.nylon n.尼龍 449.onion n.洋蔥 450.powder n.粉末
451.applicable a.可應(yīng)用的，適當?shù)?452.applicant n.申請人 453.breadth n.寬度
454.conservation n.保存，保護 455.conservative a.保守的
456.parallel n.平行線；可相比擬的事物 457.passion n.激情，熱情 458.passive a.被動的，消極的 459.pat v./n.輕拍，輕打 460.peak n.山峰，頂點 461.phenomenon n.現(xiàn)象
462.reluctant a.不情愿的，勉強的 463.rely vi.(on ,upon)依賴，指望 464.relevant a.有關(guān)的，切題的 465.reliable a.可靠的
466.relief n.輕松，寬慰；減輕
467.reputation n.名氣，聲譽 468.rescue vt./n.營救 469.triangle n.三角（形）470.sequence n.連續(xù)；順序 471.shallow a.淺的 472.shiver vi/n.發(fā)抖 473.shrug v./n.聳肩 474.signature n.簽名
475.sincere a.誠摯的，真誠的 476.utilify n.功用，效用 477.utilise vt.利用
478.utter vt.說出 a.完全的，徹底的 479.variation n.變化，變動 480.vehicle n.交通工具，車輛
481.applause n.鼓掌，掌聲 482.appliance n.器具，器械
483.consent n.準許，同意 vi(to)準許，同意 484.conquer vt.征服 485.defect n.缺點，缺陷
486.delicate a.易碎的；嬌弱的；精美的 487.evolve v.演變
488.evolution n.演變，進化 489.frown v./n.皺眉 490.frustrate vt.使沮喪 491.guarantee vt./n.保證 492.guilty a.內(nèi)疚的；有罪的 493.jealous a.妒忌的 494.jeans n.牛仔褲 495.liquor n.酒，烈性酒 496.liter/litre n.升 497.modest a.謙虛道 498.molecule n.分子
499.orbit n.軌道 v.（繞...）作軌道運行 500.participate v.(in)參與，參加 501.particle n.微粒
502.particularly ad.特別，尤其 503.respond vi.回答，答復；反應(yīng) 504.response n.回答，答復；反應(yīng) 505.sensible a.明智的
506.sensitive a.敏感到，靈敏的 507.tremble vi.顫抖
508.tremendous a.巨大的；精彩的 509.trend n.趨向，傾向 510.trial n.審訊；試驗
511.apparent a.顯然的，明白的 512.appetite n.胃口；欲望
513.deposit n.存款，定金 v.存放，儲蓄 514.deputy n.副職，代表
515.derive vt.取得，得到；(from)起源于 516.descend v.下來，下降 517.missile n.導彈
518.mission n.使命；代表團 519.mist n.薄霧
520.noticeable a.顯而易見到 521.notify vt.通知，告知 522.notion n.概念；意圖，想法 523.resemble vt.像，類似于 524.reveal vt.揭露
525.revenue n.收入，歲入；稅收 526.shelter n.掩蔽處；住所
527.shield n.防護物，盾 vt.保護，防護 528.vital a.重要的；致命的，生命的 529.vitally ad.極度，非常；致命地 530.urban a.城市的 531.urge vt.鼓勵，激勵 532.urgent a.急迫的，緊急得 533.usage n.使用，用法 534.violence n.強力，暴力 535.violent a.強暴的 536.violet a.紫色的 537.weed n.雜草，野草 538.welfare n.福利
539.whatsoever ad.（用于否定句）任何 540.whereas conj.然而，但是，盡管 541.essential a.必不可少的；本質(zhì)的 542.estimate n./vt.估計，估量 543.evaluate vt.評估，評價 544.exceed vt.超過，越出 545.exceedingly ad.非常，極其 546.exclaim v.呼喊，大聲說
547.exclude vt.把...排斥在外，不包括 548.exclusive a.讀有的，排他的 549.excursion n.遠足 550.flash vi.閃光，閃耀 551.flee vi.逃走 552.flexible a.易彎曲的
553.flock n.羊群，（鳥獸等）一群；一伙人 554.hardware n.五金器具
555.harmony n.和諧，融洽 556.haste n.急速，急忙 557.hatred n.憎惡，憎恨 558.incident n.事件，事變 559.index n.索引，標志 560.infant n.嬰兒 561.infect v.傳染
562.inferior a.劣等的，次的，下級的 563.infinite a.無限的 564.ingredient n.組成部分 565.inhabitant n.居民 566.jail n.監(jiān)獄
567.jam n.果醬；擁擠，堵塞 568.jewel n.寶石
569.joint a.連接的；共同的 570.junior a.年少的；資歷較淺的571.laser n.激光
572.launch vt.發(fā)動，發(fā)起 573.luxury n.奢侈；奢侈品 574.magnet n.磁鐵，磁體 575.male a.男性的，雄的 576.female a.女性的，雌的
577.manual a.用手的，手工做的 n.手冊 578.manufacture vt./n.制造，加工 579.marine a.海的；海產(chǎn)的 580.mutual a.相互的 581.naked a.裸露的
582.negative a.否定的，消極的 583.neglect vt.忽視，忽略 584.origin n.起源，出身 585.oval a.橢圓形的 n.橢圓形 586.outset n.開始，開端 587.presumably ad.大概，可能 588.prevail vi.流行，盛行 589.quit v.停止
590.quotation n.引文，引語 591.recreation n.娛樂活動
592.recruit vt.招募，吸收（新成員）593.rival n.競爭對手，敵手 594.shuttle n.梭子；航天飛機 595.skim vt.搬（去），掠過；瀏覽 596.sketch n.草圖；梗概 597.slender a.苗條的，修長的 598.theme n.主題
599.textile n.紡織品
600.tropical a.熱帶的，炎熱的 601.kneel vi.跪 602.label n.標簽 603.merchant n.商人
604.mere a.僅僅的，只不過的；純粹的 605.nuisance n.令人討厭的東西（或人）606.numerrous a.眾多的，許多的 607.parade n.游行 v.列隊行進 608.pants[pl.] n.長褲；內(nèi)褲 609.partial a.部分的 610.passport n.護照
611.prescribe vt.開藥，吩咐采用...療法 612.primitive a.原始的，早期的 613.ridge n.脊，山脊，埂 614.ridiculous a.可笑的，荒漠的 615.ridid a.嚴格的；僵硬的 616.withstand vt.經(jīng)受，承受
617.witness n.目擊者；證據(jù) vt.注意到；證明 618.withdraw v.收回，撤銷 619.slippery a.滑的 620.smash vt.粉碎，打爛 621.snap n./vt.折斷，拉斷；快照 622.software n.軟件 623.solar a.太陽的 624.lynar a.月的，月球的 625.submerge vi.潛入水中 626.submit vi.(to)屈服，聽從 627.timber n.木材，原木 628.tissue n.組織；薄紗，手巾紙 629.title n.題目，標題
630.tone n.語氣，音調(diào)631.drift vi.漂，漂流 632.drip n.滴
633.durable a.耐用的，持久的 634.duration n.持續(xù)，持續(xù)期間 635.dusk n.黃昏，薄暮 636.leather n.皮革
637.legislation n.法律，法規(guī)；立法 638.leisure n.閑暇；悠閑 639.loose a.松的，寬松的 640.loosen v.解開，放松 641.tarnest a.認真的，誠摯的 642.earthquake n.地震 643.echo n.回音，回聲
644.elaborate a.精心設(shè)計的，復雜的 645.elastic n.橡皮圈（帶）a.有彈性的 646.elbow n.肘 647.electron n.電子 648.volcano n.火山
649.volume n.卷，冊；體積，容量 650.fatigue n.疲勞，勞累 651.faulty a.有錯誤的，有缺點的 652.favorable a.稱贊道；有利的，順利的 653.favorite a.特別受喜歡的 n.喜愛的人或物 654.gallery n.畫廊 655.gallon n.加侖 656.gap n.間隔，差距 657.garbage n.垃圾，廢物 658.gaze v.凝視，注視 659.gear n.齒輪，傳動裝置
660.gene n.基因661.lest conj.唯恐，免得 662.liable a.可能的，大概的；(to)易于...的 663.liberal a.自由得 664.liberty n.自由
665.licence/license n.許可證，執(zhí)照 666.moisture n.潮濕
667.motivate vt.激勵，激發(fā) 668.motive n.動機，目的
669.generate vt.生成，產(chǎn)生（光、熱、電等）670.genius n.天才，天賦 671.genuine a.真的，真誠的 672.gasoline n.汽油 673.germ n.微生物，細菌 674.gesture n.姿勢，手勢 675.giant a.巨大的 n.巨人，巨物 676.glimpse n.一瞥，一看 677.glory n.光榮，榮譽 678.glorious n.光榮的，極好的 679.golf n.高爾夫球運動 680.hydrogen n.氫 681.oxygen n.氧
682.hostile a.敵對的，敵意大 683.household n.家庭，戶 684.hook n.鉤
685.holy a.神圣地，圣潔的 686.hint n.暗示，示意 687.hestiate v.猶豫 688.highlight vt.強調(diào)，突出
689.hence ad.因此，所以；今后，從此 690.herd n.獸群，牧群
第三篇：新東方英語四級學習筆記
單詞威脅原則：
available 待賣的、有時間的、單身的、有貨的。receptionist酒店職員passenger乘客air hostess空姐；dissert甜點complete 完成inadequate不足夠的complicated復雜的isolate隔絕community社區(qū)complicated復雜的 assumed假設(shè)、假象portrait肖像，特征、特點first thought 最初的想法rural鄉(xiāng)村風味的，生活在農(nóng)村的。城市的，urban市內(nèi)的 isolate隔絕community社區(qū)typical典型性的，象征性的，特征特點。frequent經(jīng)常的admit承認 admission承認錄取enroll注冊
policy-making制定政策thrived發(fā)展 urban城市rural鄉(xiāng)村immigrate移民 cripple殘廢 limp瘸thrived發(fā)展 urban城市rural鄉(xiāng)村immigrate移民 cripple殘廢 limp瘸 nervous breakdown 神經(jīng)受損 roof collapse房頂?shù)顾鷏eft brain damaged使得腦部受到重傷out of the blue突然的reservation 預訂 discount打折
paper 論文 報紙treat對待 請客 check in 登記fill in填寫 hard time
stomach ache 胃疼go out of one is way to do something
job hunting 求職 resume 簡歷 interview面試
短文聽力：
1表轉(zhuǎn)折：
buthowever otherwise否則unfortunately不幸的是 unexpectedly出人意料的是surprising 出人意料的是
2首末句考點形式：
視聽一致原則 當文章最后一題中的詞語在被
播讀時，就是后三句，后即將是后三句。
3最高級考點：
文章最高級來提醒大家注意。形容詞+est.most+多音節(jié)形容詞
4邏輯關(guān)系考點：
because, so ,as ,although ,though, if, either or, neither nor ,that's why, it’s so hot ,that's why i sweat.once
sense感覺security 安全 sense of security 安全感 creative 創(chuàng)造力，創(chuàng)造性。
選項當中明顯被讀到的選項更容易是錯的。
小對話當中更容易出現(xiàn)答案的句子是第二句。
復合式聽寫：
restaurant schedule日程表 behind schedule=late 遲到
on schedule準時 colleague 同事
單詞：非常難拼寫，但常用。
單詞威脅原則：
available 待賣的、有時間的、單身的、有貨的。
句子：聽到什么寫什么。以自己的語言將要點寫下來。
長對話短文聽力：
1長對話短文聽力出題時的遵循的是順序出題法。解題方法：所聽即所選。
2長對話短文聽力千萬不可等待問題出現(xiàn)后再答題。
第二節(jié)
一、短對話類型解釋：
人物關(guān)系題
1醫(yī)患關(guān)系：doctor、patient.關(guān)鍵是身體的部位和疾病的名稱的出現(xiàn)。
2上下級關(guān)系：
老板和秘書 boss、secretary.wonder：想知道、奇跡 fill out:填寫 request form:申請表格
經(jīng)理和職員 manager、staff
3客服關(guān)系：
H-hotel A-airportR-restaurant
R:restaurant 餐廳 waitress女招待 costumer食客
H:costumer顧客 hotel clerk/receptionist酒店職員hotel reception酒店職員，receive接收，接待。
A:take off, passenger乘客 air hostess空姐，steward空中先生 stewardess空姐
4同級關(guān)系：
student、classmate同學、colleague同事
5家屬關(guān)系：
mother and son母子.老公老婆往往是干擾選項。
地點題目：
對話地點題
restaurant接待臺clinic診所 menu菜單check in入住登記，辦理入住手續(xù)balcony陽臺、包間、包房（體育場、電影院可以見到）order點steak牛排 dissert甜點cotton field棉花地
動作題目：
1情態(tài)動作類：（must必須 would表意愿和狀態(tài) should應(yīng)該 have to不得不 had better最好）+動詞原形而此動詞原形很可能是答案形式
security office 保衛(wèi)處、保安室diamond ring 鉆石戒指switch轉(zhuǎn)換、更改、開關(guān) 2建議動作類：
句型：1.why don't you do sth?2.why not do
sth3hou about donging sth4what about donging sth
complete 完成短文聽力：
第一段往往會出題
good manners 好禮儀 the art of saying thking you說謝謝你的藝術(shù)the secret of staying pretty保持漂亮的秘訣 generous大方
decorate 裝修 elegant優(yōu)雅的 stingy小氣的involve卷入，包括 recent studies show 研究表明 be keen on 熱衷、關(guān)注與protective 給予保護的 inadequate不足夠的 equipment設(shè)備panic驚慌，ladder恐慌，梯子
復合式聽寫：
1第一遍放音時單詞盡量寫出
2第一遍放音時句子部分要聽清主語和句型
3第二遍放音時應(yīng)將單詞部分補充完整
4第二遍放音時應(yīng)將句子聽完想清楚之后再動筆
5第三遍放音時檢查并彌補措失
Particular essayreuest申請表格 staff職員air hostess 空姐 receptionist 招待員 I'll have to get my ticket changed
題目:
undergoing正在經(jīng)歷 frequent經(jīng)常的admit承認 admission承認錄取enroll注冊
policy-making制定政策thrived發(fā)展 urban城市rural鄉(xiāng)村immigrate移民 cripple殘廢 limp瘸nervous breakdown 神經(jīng)受損 roof collapse房頂?shù)顾鷏eft brain damaged使得腦部受到重傷out of the blue突然的：
stretch伸展，長度unconscious沒有意識，沒有知覺therapy治療療法stream小溪
state fair州集市 agriculture 農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)耕 Ticket票grain谷stage舞臺 performance執(zhí)行，行為
閱讀理解
快速閱讀
快速閱讀要邊做邊涂卡。
大標題為文章主旨
energy crisis 能源危機 mainly主要的 shortage of fossil fuels 石化燃料能源短缺identitykyoto protoco 京都議定書 greenhouse gas溫室氣體 dollar devalue美元貶值 job hunting找工作 online在線 privacy 隱私 private 私人的 identity身份證estimate估計，估測 over上，過度 overestimate高估
小標題的作用是提示文章有幾個部分及每部分內(nèi)容
選詞填空
部分題目有一定難度
1備選單詞太多
2有些單詞難度高（可考慮放棄一些難度大的題目）
仔細閱讀
仔細閱讀部分有兩篇文章，每篇9分鐘時間
四級文章的本體論（ontology）
四級文章的題材
1文科類
（1）現(xiàn)象解釋
第一段出現(xiàn)問號，？：提示現(xiàn)像
uniform制服 uni(一）+form（形式）unit單元 unify統(tǒng)一unification統(tǒng)一，（名詞)union 聯(lián)邦，聯(lián)盟 europeanunion歐盟
unicycle獨輪車 cycle循環(huán) bicycle自行車
（1）結(jié)論解釋型
adopt領(lǐng)養(yǎng)，采取 adapt改變以適應(yīng)，改編，改寫 adapt oneself to改變某人以去適應(yīng)adapt myself to the new environment我要去適應(yīng)這個新環(huán)境 doubutful懷疑 critical批評的批判的 cautious小心謹慎 supportive支持的文章主題出現(xiàn)方式：議論文兩大句
1、首段首句
2、首段轉(zhuǎn)折句
2、理科類
（1）現(xiàn)象解釋型
（2）問題方案型
特點：評價為文章主題;方案不完美；評價為客觀
文章結(jié)構(gòu)和命題設(shè)問方式規(guī)律 ：成因 影響 方案 評價
spot 點n 找到，定位vt。
nuclear weapons核武器 suggestion方案erosion.腐蝕，侵蝕(作用)【醫(yī)學】糜爛，齒質(zhì)腐損。feasible可行的仔細閱讀
關(guān)鍵詞
feferee裁判
1不要認為影月閱讀插是由于不懂原文，英語閱讀考試考查的是基本邏輯思維能力 2常事在英語閱讀中也能幫助我們解題
仔細閱讀最重要的三項能力：
1、提取信息——在文章中迅速而有效地找到每道題目的題干所針對的部分
2、整合信息——整理合并信息
3、邏輯比較——把題干的關(guān)系和原文的關(guān)系弄清楚
1、提取信息
這些部分能夠幫助我們提取信息：
（1）轉(zhuǎn)折（2)比較（3）因果（4)關(guān)鍵詞
2、整合信息
根據(jù)不同的題型來對信息進行整合四級常見的題型有
（2）細節(jié)題（2）詞意題（3）態(tài)度題=（4）主旨題（5）推理題（6）例證題（7）實驗題
方法論（methodoligy)
1掃描題干關(guān)鍵詞
2瀏覽原文做標記
3邏輯比較得答案
四級寫作
考試流程：
8:45 驗證入場
9:00 考試開始
9:00-9:10 發(fā)答題卡
9:10-9:40 寫作9:35發(fā)試題冊 9:35-9:40 翻譯
9:40-9:55 快速閱讀
9:55-10:00 收答題卡一快速瀏覽聽力選項 10:00-10:35 聽力理解
短對話；長對話，短文聽力，復合式聽寫 10:35-10:05 仔細閱讀
10:35-10:45 選詞填空10:45-11:05 篇章閱讀理解 11:05-11：20 完形填空
寫作注意：
書名或雜志名：使用下劃線
一遍文章、一首詩、一支歌：使用雙引號 應(yīng)用原文：逗號
一般使用一般現(xiàn)在時
過去時：圖標描述 舉例論證 將來時：最
檢查：時態(tài)冠詞主謂一致名詞單復數(shù)
第四篇：新東方四級聽力筆記
天上砍木材團隊
新東方四級聽力筆記
上海新東方四級精品班Tom（徐星海）老師主講
短對話部分
短對話聽力的一些原則
1． 推理原則：一般需對對話進行推理，故直接在對話中聽到的一般不是正確答案。2． 挫折原則：通常要辦的事情都是不順利的（如買東西買不到，訂房間客滿等）3． 男女原則：一般男生比較衰，女生比較牛。男生提出的觀點女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的觀點男生都是同意和贊賞的。
男生的特征：臟、亂、差、浪費、窮、小氣、不良習慣、遲鈍、不顧家
女生的特征：愛干凈、節(jié)約、富有、好學、能干、聰明、大度、耐心、戀家、除數(shù)理化外成績都很好。
4． 父母一般只有一個作用教育子女好好學習
5． 除了父母教育子女外，家里（包括朋友家，阿姨家等等）發(fā)生的事情一般是不考的，故遇到地點推測題類似 at home / at Mary’s home之類的選項一般都是不對的。6． 四級聽力短對話只考日常生活學習中遇得到事情，問題，故如果選項中出現(xiàn)一些日常生活中不太可能發(fā)生或很少發(fā)生的事情一般不會是正確選項
短對話十大場景及一般思路
1． 借車：車一般是借不到的
2． 吃：匹薩，海鮮吃了一般會有不適反應(yīng)，―派‖一般比較好吃
3． 考試：作業(yè)、論文一般比較難，或須要熬夜。教授一般比較嚴厲，選修課較難較多
4． 坐車（飛機、輪船）：一般都需要等 5． 事故（災難）：光明原則，一般不會死人
6． 聽講座：題目一般是比較有趣豐富的，內(nèi)容一般是比較復雜難懂的 7． 論文：一般需要修改（polish）或重寫（rewrite）
8． 休閑：男生一般喜歡待在家里看TV或者看movie，女生一般喜歡高雅藝術(shù)如theater
9． 醫(yī)院：需要預約make an appointment 10買票：基本上是買不到的 短對話的常見場景
1.學校場景 課程分類
Optional course 選修課 Required course 必修課 Day course 白天的課 Evening course 晚上的課
天上砍木材團隊
經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的科目或?qū)I(yè) Chinese 中文 English 英語
mathematic 數(shù)學 history 歷史 chemistry 化學 Literature 文學 考試
Final exam 期終考試 middle exam 期中考試 make up 補考 test測驗
pop test 事先沒有說好的測驗 quiz 測驗 oral test 口試 考試臨近
draw on / in sight of / draw nearly 考試延期或取消
delay / be off / defer / hold up / postpone 學校分類
public school 公立學校 private school 私立學校 religious school 教會學校 學校中的人 president 校長 dean 院長 professor 教授 lecturer 講師
coordinator 管理員 doctor 博士 master 碩士 bachelor 學士
freshman 大一新生 sophomore 大二學生 junior 大三學生 senior 大四學生 圖書館
借書 lend / borrow / check out 參考書 reference book 續(xù)借 renew 過期 overdue 還書 return 罰金 fine
/ put off / suspend 天上砍木材團隊
attend / have a lecture 上課 cut a class 逃課
miss a class 錯過了課 scholarship 榮譽獎學金 assistantship 助教獎學金 teaching assistant 助教 research assistant 助研 semester 學期
2.交通運輸場景 fare 車票 licence 駕照
rush hours 高峰時間 traffic jam 交通堵塞 overtake 超車
one way street 單行道 over speed 超速 police officer 交警 ticket 罰單 fine 罰金
fast way / express way / high way 高速公路 motor way 機動車道 super way 飛機機動車道 free way 免費高速公路
交通工具（出現(xiàn)頻率從高到低）
plane / train（女）/ bus / bike（女）/ walk（女）（女）：女生比較喜歡 tunnel / channel 隧道 ring road 環(huán)線
subway（美）/ underground（英）地鐵 metro 地道地鐵 underpass人行地道 overhead 輕軌 flyover 人行天橋 mag – lev 磁懸浮 take a taxi 乘出租車
call a taxi 招出租車/訂出租車 catch a train / bus 趕火車/汽車 3.電話場景
mobile phone 手機 pay phone 公用電話
telephone box/booth 電話亭 yellow page 黃頁
/ taxi 天上砍木材團隊
dial（撥電話號碼）/ press（按電話號碼）extension 分機 operator 總機 put~through 接通
wrong number / there is no one by this name 電話號碼錯了/ 沒有這個人 is not in 不在？be not in hold on 不要掛斷，稍等 take/leave a message 留言 hang up / get off 掛斷 credit call 記賬式電話
bill the call into the 3rd party 免費電話 collect call 對方付費電話
4.機場場景
plane / craft 飛機 book 訂票
timetable 時間表 destination 目的地 open ticket one way ticket 單程票 round trip ticket 來回票
non-stop / direct flight 直航
transfer / lay over / stop over 轉(zhuǎn)機
first / business / economy cabin 頭等 / 商務(wù) / 經(jīng)濟 艙 confirm the flight 確認航班 check in 登記
boarding card 登機牌 security check 安檢 see off 送行 送別時的祝語
keep in touch 保持聯(lián)系 safe landing 安全著陸 board 登機 take off 起飛 departure 離港
safety / sect belt 安全帶 land 著陸 arrival 進港 pick up 接機
5.公司場景
job vacancy 有空缺職位 letter of application 求職信 resume 簡歷
天上砍木材團隊
resume包括幾部分
basic / personal info.基本信息/個人資料 academic background 教育背景 work experience 工作經(jīng)驗 certificates and honours interview 面試 offer 聘用信
work experience 工作經(jīng)驗 work overtime 加班 ask for a raise 加錢 wage 周薪 salary 日薪 bonus獎金 allowance 津貼
annual income 年收入 promotion 升職 fire 解雇 resign 辭職 retire 退休 laid-off 下崗
work / job / career / course 工作 post / position / vocation / title 職務(wù) 假期休息的說法（依次是從大到?。﹉oliday 假日，假期 vacation 休假
annual leave 年假 sick leave 病假 rest 休息
break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息 coffee break away 離開一會 公司職位從大到小
chairman of the board
president--general manager—manager – department manager—head – officer – specialist（專員）--clerk
6.租房場景
live on campus 住校 live off campus 住校外 for sale 可銷售的房子
for rent / lease 可出租的房子 to let 同上 rent 租金
天上砍木材團隊
utilities 公用事業(yè)費 location 位置
suburb / downtown 市郊 / 市中心 condition 住房條件 furnished 配家具 unfurnished 無裝修 leaking 漏水 blackout 斷電 environment 環(huán)境 transportation 交通 land lord 房東
land lady 房東太太 tenant 房客
roommate 室友
好的室友：neat 整潔的 considerate 體貼的，細心的不好的室友：messy / untidy 臟亂的 noisy 吵鬧的
7.醫(yī)院場景
see a doctor 去醫(yī)院看醫(yī)生 send for a doctor 讓醫(yī)生出診
health center / clinic 衛(wèi)生所 / 門診部 physician 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生 surgeon 外科醫(yī)生 dentist 牙醫(yī)
make an appointment 預約 emergency 急診
check up / exam 檢查
cold（感冒）—— flu（流感）—— headache（頭痛）—— sore throat（嗓子痛）——
fever（發(fā)燒）—— toothache（牙疼）—— stomachache（胃疼）prescribe 開藥方 pill / tablet 藥片 liquid 喝藥水
injection => shot 注射 operation 手術(shù)
medical result 診斷結(jié)果
8.賓館場景
make a reservation 預訂房間 confirm a reservation 確認預訂 cancel a reservation 取消預訂 fully booked / full up / full 客滿 porter 行旅員
天上砍木材團隊
tips 小費
reception 前臺 check in 登記入住 single room 單人房
double room 一張大床的雙人房 twin room 兩張單人床的雙人房 suite 套房
bathroom toilet / w.c closet restroom 廁所
room service 客房服務(wù)（四級聽力中的客房服務(wù)一般只有考一種——送餐）lounge 男士用休息區(qū) lobby 大堂
business center 商務(wù)中心 salon 美容廳 ball 舞廳 bar 酒吧
night club 夜總會 check out 退房
9.郵局場景
post / send / mail 寄 letter / mail 信
registered mail 掛號信 regular mail平信 airmail 航空信
parcel / package 包裹 telegram / cable 電報 rate 費率
overweight 超重 postage 郵資 email 電子郵件 reply 回復 forward 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)
cc（carbon copy）抄送
bcc（blind carbon copy）秘密抄送 subject 主題
attach 附件attachment
10.飯店場景 eat out 出去吃 take away 外帶 fast food 快餐
book a table 訂位子
waiter / waitness 服務(wù)員waitress menu 菜單
天上砍木材團隊
order 點菜
appetizer 開胃菜 main course 主食 dessert 餐后甜點 bill 賬單
service charge 服務(wù)費 change 找零 tips 小費
keep the change 不用找零了
11．其他 closed 關(guān)門 open 開門
office hours / business hours / working hours 工作時間，營業(yè)時間 關(guān)于開關(guān)
power on / off 開/關(guān) turn on / off 開/關(guān)
switch on / off 開/ 關(guān)（這個詞只能用于與電有關(guān)的開關(guān)，不能用于水龍頭之類的開關(guān)）干杯 cheers
propose a toast to bottom up the best book 最好的書圣經(jīng) the best thing 最好的事情選擇 the last thing 最不愿意做的事情 the last man 最不愿意見的人 best seller 暢銷的東西 sell up 賣完，賣光 售罄
sell out賣完，賣光 售罄 / 出賣朋友或原則 sell off 低價處理庫存商品 selling machine 自動售貨機 selling point 賣點 count the days 渴望
count on = dependent / rely on depend on count in 把……考慮在內(nèi) count for nothing 一錢不值 count for little 無足輕重 count for much 舉足輕重 count down 倒計時 count up 相加 count up to 共計 關(guān)于旅行 travel
天上砍木材團隊
journey 陸上長途旅行 trip 陸上短途旅行 outing 遠足 stroll 散步 wander 徘徊 picnic 野餐 camping 野營 tour 周游
cruise 水上短途旅行 voyage 水上長途旅行
關(guān)于死亡的說法
沒有感情色彩的：die / end up / meat one’s death / decease 褒義的： pass away 貶義的：kick the bucket
關(guān)于和別人相處的好的說法
get on with = get along(well)with be in good term with live in peace with 關(guān)于強調(diào) point out emphasize lay / put emphasis on give emphasis to 達成協(xié)議找到出路 find a way out
reach an agreement reach a consensus 關(guān)于―得失‖
gains and losses give and take
關(guān)于拜訪
drop in / at / over / by stop in / over / by call on sb call at / round sw look in / up pay a visit to pay / make a call to
天上砍木材團隊
關(guān)于碰見，偶遇 come across run into bump into happen to meet 關(guān)于花錢、花費的詞 Take Spend Cost Charge Pay Buy
關(guān)于水 water
running / tap ~ 自來水 fresh ~ 活水 still ~ 死水 pure ~ 純凈水 purified ~ 凈化水 mineral ~ 礦泉水
be used to do 被用于 be used to dong習慣于
get used to doing 漸漸習慣于 used to do 過去常常
單復數(shù)意思不太一樣的詞 ruin 毀滅 ruins 廢墟
authority 權(quán)威 authorities 當局 brain 頭腦 brains 智力，智慧 custom 風俗習慣 customs 海關(guān)
damage 破壞，損壞 damages 賠償費 ground 地面 土地 grounds 院子，監(jiān)獄 manner 禮貌 方式 manners 外貌 minute 分鐘 minutes 會議記錄 paper 紙張 papers 試卷 time 時間 times 時代
關(guān)于―調(diào)查‖ research survey 市場調(diào)查
opinion poll 名義調(diào)查民意調(diào)查 questionnaire 問卷調(diào)查
天上砍木材團隊
investigation 很正式的調(diào)查 interview 會見，訪談 belong to 屬于 participate in 參加
be engaged in 從事、參加
be involved in 卷入 消磨時間 kill time pass time count one’s thumbs 用完、缺少 run out of be short of
be lack in lack of / in
a little 一點 not a little 很多 a bit 一點 not a bit 一點也沒有
短對話中常用單詞和句型
1.表示期待、希望、渴望做某事的說法 expect / hope / wish be eager / anxious /dying to look for ward to wait / yean / thirst / long for can not wait counting the days
2.下列詞語與―but‖一樣含有轉(zhuǎn)折的的意思 actually well really in fact as a matter of fact to tell you the truth
3.表示建議的句型
how about…… 做……如何 I heard about…… 我聽說…… If I were you …… 如果我是你……
It seems to me that…… 在我看來似乎……
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Let’s …… shall we ? 讓我們……怎么樣？ Let us …… will you ? 讓我們……怎么樣？ Shall I / we ……
What about …… 做……如何
Why don’t you …… 你為什么不…… Why not + 動詞原型 為什么不…… Would you like …… 你要……嗎？
Wouldn’t …… be better / wiser 做……不是更好嗎？ 4.表示同意、附和的句型 I agree with you Exactly
I couldn’t agree with you more / better I think so I can’t wait any minute Believe it or not I will …… if 假如……我就會 It’s my turn 輪到我了 我請客 Why not ? You are right
I guess so 我猜也是 No problem 沒問題 Of cause
Out of question 毫無疑問 So do I / me too 我也是
Sure / absolutely / beautiful 當然，很好 Good idea
That sounds really nice 聽起來真不錯
5.表示詢問的句型
Any questions / any thing wrong 有什么問題嗎？
Can you give me some ideas 可以給我一些建議嗎？ Do you know …… Do you want to……
Do you find any wrong with 你覺得……有什么不對勁嗎？ How long will it take 做什么要花多久 I am thinking of …… 我正在考慮做…… I suppose think …… 我猜想……
What’s your plane plan 你的計劃是什么？ What happens if …… 如果……怎么辦？ What shall we do 我們該怎么做？ 6.表示否定的句型
Actually / as a matter of fact 事實上…… How can you do sth 你怎么可以……
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I can’t afford any disturbance 不要再煩我 I couldn’t agree with you I didn’t men to 我本不打算 I don’t think so
It doesn’t matter 無所謂 I wish …… 但愿……
I’d like to but 我很愿意但是…… I’d love to but I just can’t bear I am afraid not I am sorry but …… is not everything ……不是關(guān)鍵 no bother / why bother 不要麻煩 no , thanks really That’s his opinion To tell you the truth Well , as far as I know
7.表示―不得不‖
have to 表示客觀上不得不做某事 must 主觀上的必須做某事 be bound to cannot but have no choice but 8.表示―遲到‖ behind time be delayed / overdue behind schedule be late
9.表示―緊張‖ tremble shake all over get one’s tongue tied have one’s mind go blank nervous
10.以下詞組聽到后意思取反 mean to 想要…… planned to 原計劃…… intended to 原打算…… tended to
used to 過去常常……
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11.以下句型要引起重視，重點聽取，就算本身不是考點也一定直接引向考點 反意疑問句(……，didn’t you ?)反問句 倒裝句
助動詞 do / did / does it is …… that / who / when…… 的句型
正確答案的特征
1． 含義肯定的不是正確選項，模糊的是正確選項 意思具體的不是正確選項，概括的是正確選項 意思詳細的不是正確選項，抽象的是正確選項 意思膚淺的不是正確選項，深刻的是正確選項 2． 含有一下單詞的一般是正確選項
neither / either / also / besides / almost / especially / possibly / probably / likely perhaps / might / may / maybe / could /can / all / none 3． 含有以下三種結(jié)構(gòu)的一般可能是正確選項
系表結(jié)構(gòu)（系動詞+標語表語）比較結(jié)構(gòu)（……than……）復合句 4． 含有四級詞匯替換項的一般是正確選項
5． 表示―同意或不同意‖，―喜歡或不喜歡‖，―應(yīng)該或不應(yīng)該的‖的一般為正確選項 6． 以下三種選項一般其中有一個可能是正確選項 反意項 形似項近似項
7． 同意項不可能是正確選項，等例排除。等立排除 8． 絕對化選項，一般不是正確答案，可直接排除 關(guān)于時間推斷題 1． 直接聽到的不選
2． 極限值即值最大和最小的選項一般不選
關(guān)于數(shù)字計算題
1． 災難題（如飛機失事、交通事故）：一般選總和 2． 號碼題
double 表示兩個，double two =22 triple 表示三個，triple two = 222 凡是遇到一時反映不過來或聽不懂的數(shù)字一般為―0‖ 3． 價格計算題
打折題discount discount of 10% 表示打9折 此類題目一般選第二大的數(shù)字（最大的一般是原價，第二大的一般就是打完折的）
單價題 one / each 此類題目較難也很少考，一般在有倍數(shù)關(guān)系的一對數(shù)字中選小的那個
語段題部分 語段題概述
從文章題材來分：三分之二考說明文，三分之一考記敘文，偶爾也考議論文，新聞報道
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從文章內(nèi)容來分：二分之一考社科類，三分之一考故事，其他還考自然科學，人物傳記
語段題常靠的八種文章
1． 學校題材（劍橋大學等）
重點：學校的地理位置，資金來源，校園環(huán)境，師生情況，課程情況，圖書館，課外活動，學校特色
2． 機構(gòu)介紹（監(jiān)獄，圖書館等）重點：地點，規(guī)模，制度，專業(yè) 3． 社會熱點
重點：轟動效應(yīng)，背景（產(chǎn)生的原因），大眾觀點，作者態(tài)度 4． 災難題（毒品，車禍等）
重點：問題類型，起因，危害，解決方法（尤其是科學家、研究人員提出的事實、觀點、方法、結(jié)論）5． 新聞題
重點：when where who why which(what)how 6． 人物題
重點：生卒年月、出生地、成就（貢獻）、坎坷遭遇、結(jié)局 7． 科普題（太陽風等）
重點：物體特征、形成原因、分類、最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)和初步結(jié)論 8． 故事
重點：主人公遭遇、變故、主人公做的決定、原因、結(jié)局
語段題10大解題原則
1． 聽即原則：所聽即所得，聽到什么就選什么（正好與短對話相反，短對話時聽到的一般不選）
2． 重讀原則：某單詞被反復讀到或是在語音上加以重讀，因引起重視如果選項中出現(xiàn)很可能是正確答案
3． 順序原則：出題順序一般與行文順序相同除了主題題和部分說明文
4． 主題原則：主題一般出現(xiàn)在段落的頭尾部分，所以要集中精力聽清前三句話和最后兩句話
5． 原因原則：凡出現(xiàn)表示原因，目的的很有可能是考點如：because so as 等詞前后要著重聽
6． 轉(zhuǎn)則原則：凡出現(xiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)則的詞如：but however yet 等，后面的句子往往是考點，要引起重視
7． 光明原則：事情一般都是向著好的方面發(fā)展的，主人公多數(shù)是大難不死的，事情總是逢兇化吉，絕處逢生的 8． 男女原則：同短對話
9． 窮學生原則：學生一般都是比較窮的，不能繼續(xù)學業(yè)一般都是因為經(jīng)濟原因，因為窮一般還比較喜歡DIY一些東西
10．偏怪小原則：一般故事總是稀奇古怪的，經(jīng)過總是曲折離奇的，結(jié)局總是出人意料的。宗旨就是意料之外、情理之中 語段題的做提步驟
1． 先預讀備選項，從備選項推測文章的體裁和大致內(nèi)容
2． 更據(jù)十大原則和該類文章的重點大致推測考點可能出現(xiàn)的位置
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3． 聽語段，尤其抓住標志詞，確定考點
4． 聽問題，將原文的意思對應(yīng)選項。確定考點后用原文對應(yīng)選項 對應(yīng)選項一般有四種情況按難度依次為 原詞復現(xiàn)：選項中的用詞和原文完全一樣
同義復現(xiàn)：選項中用一個同義詞或詞組替換原文中的詞近義復現(xiàn)：選項與原文意思相近，但換了一種表達方式
反意復現(xiàn)：選項與原文表達正好相反，但意思是一樣的如：原文說如果怎樣就會怎樣，選項說如果不怎么樣就會如何。十大類標志詞
據(jù)研究有90%以上的考點都是由標志詞引導活提示的，因此在語段聽力中聽到下列標志詞時要引起高度的重視，集中注意力聽清標志詞前后的句子。
1． 最高級標志詞
形容詞、副詞最高級、most / chief / primary / main / leading / …… 2． 唯一級標志詞
only / unique / prefer / every / one / of all / perfect / …… 3． 因果項標志詞
cause / lead to / contribute to / thanks to / owing to / question / answer / why / reason / 其他形式的問句 / …… 4． 轉(zhuǎn)則項關(guān)鍵詞
despite / in spite of / instead / while / from ~ to ~ / although ~（yet）~ / not only ~ but also ~ / …… 5． 序數(shù)項標志詞
所有的序數(shù)詞（first , second）/ another / the other / next / last / in addition / on the other hand / …… 6． 時間項標志詞
when / how / today / as / before / after / since / then / until / …… 7． 解釋項標志詞
or / namely / in other words / that is / that is to say / …… 8． 目的項標志詞 to / for / ……
9． 總結(jié)項標志詞
all in all / in brief / to conclude / at last / in summary / in short / …… 10．強調(diào)項標志詞
副詞：especially / particularly / almost / always / usually / ……
動詞：show / remember / note / notice / say / pronounce / ……
說明文的特點及解題技巧
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說明文的選項特征
1． 選項簡潔概括、不完整句子居多，最多有一至二題細節(jié)體
2． 選項往往比較抽象，一般以 it / they / man / woman /等抽象名詞做主語 3． 選項往往表達因果、目的、手段的小詞 如：because / by / to 4． 選項具備科學性、客觀性的特點，但選項之間缺乏邏輯關(guān)系
說明文的文章特點
1． 文章緊緊圍繞一個事物或事件進行描述，深入淺出，要求知其所以然 2． 文章緊扣一個中心事物，著重描寫一個熟悉事物的與眾不同處
3． 語言平實、簡潔、明白，有時會用以下修辭方法：分類法、舉例子、做比較、列數(shù)字
4． 層次結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，多為總分結(jié)構(gòu)
5． 開篇引題，重點不分明。但以設(shè)問開頭的說明文除外。
標志詞常出現(xiàn)的位置 1． 在每個層次的啟承處
判斷個層次的啟承主要有兩種方法一種是聽序數(shù)項標志詞如：on the other hand / another / second等等；第二種是聽―氣‖即語速，語音，語調(diào)有所變化的地方。2． 段落開頭、結(jié)尾處，前三后二 科技類說明文
重點注意三個―age‖即 advantage 優(yōu)勢 disadvantage 劣勢 usage 用途
環(huán)境類說明文
重點在于產(chǎn)生環(huán)境問題的原因及解決方法 實驗類說明文 重點在于：
實驗目的、實驗手段、實驗結(jié)果 演講類說明文 重點在于：
演講主題、說話人的觀點、文章走向 應(yīng)該重視的原則 聽即原則 主題原則 層次原則 原因原則 轉(zhuǎn)折原則
求異原則 注意事物的與眾不同處
替換原則 數(shù)字，年代等一般需要重新定位
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記敘文的特點及解題技巧
記敘文的內(nèi)容一般為記敘人物經(jīng)歷，故事、事物發(fā)展過程、游記等 記敘文的選項特征
1． 提供大量細節(jié)，選項中經(jīng)常有時間名、地點名、人物名。
2． 選項基本是完整的句子主語常為he / she / the man / the women 3． 選項多位敘述性的句子，比一般說明文來的長 4． 選項符合時間順序，但沒有邏輯關(guān)系 記敘文的文章特點
1． 人物簡單，事實清楚，中心明確 2． 故事情節(jié)相對完整 3． 故事本身無主題無重點
4． 寫作方法一般有順敘和倒敘兩種，以順敘為主倒敘為輔 5． 敘述順序一般有兩種：時間順序和事務(wù)發(fā)展順序 記敘文可能出現(xiàn)的考點 1． 考主題 前三句后兩句 2． 考原因 3． 考轉(zhuǎn)折
4． 靠順序，時間順序，事物發(fā)展順序
5． 考對話，可在選項旁邊適當做筆記如：a選項是tom說的那就在a旁邊寫個t，反之如果選項是人名，那么就在每個人名邊上寫下這人說的話中最關(guān)鍵的一詞 記敘文解題應(yīng)該重視的原則
1． 聽即原則，尤其重視重讀、重讀現(xiàn)象 2． 主題原則，段首往往是考點
3． 特別重視三類標志詞：因果 轉(zhuǎn)折 時間 4． 光明原則：事情一般都是逢兇化吉的
5． 偏怪小原則：事情結(jié)局一般總是出人意料的，如果沒聽清楚切忌按常理推斷，要猜也要猜最偏最怪的那個
新聞稿類型文章的特點及解題思路
新聞稿的選項特點 1． 選項具有時效性 2． 選項具有災難性 新聞稿的文章特點
1． 文章敘事的結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種：金字塔型和倒金字塔型。四級聽力語段一般為金字塔型，即最重要的放在最前面，導語引領(lǐng)全文
2． 注重實效性，在原文和選項中都體現(xiàn)出剛發(fā)生的感覺，有時還會涉及將來時 3． 內(nèi)容一般是兩大類：天災，人禍 新聞稿可能出現(xiàn)的考點 1． 考導語即第一句話
2． 靠賓語 即語段中線類似 It is said / reported / pronounces / declared /……/ that …… 這樣的句子，那么―that‖后面的句子是極有可能是考點。3． 考查四方面的信息：時間、地點、人物、數(shù)字
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4． 考轉(zhuǎn)折 5． 考原因
議論文章的特點及解題思 議論文的選項特征
1． 選項多位概括性的句子 2． 選項有表明觀點的作用 3． 選項有內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系 議論文文章特點
1． 在三大要素中（論點、論證、論據(jù)）論點和論據(jù)是文章的重點。論點一般在文章開頭，篇尾也會點題
2． 文章通俗易懂，道理淺顯，說理的過程敘事化 3． 主題明確，圍繞一個論點展開
4． 層次結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，一般為總分總結(jié)構(gòu)。小論點明顯，態(tài)度鮮明 議論文的常見考點
1． 考論點，中心論點和分論點都是必考的
2． 考問答，文章中出現(xiàn)設(shè)問及其回答都是很重要的 3． 考觀點：如think……，suppose ……
4． 標志詞（最高級標志詞，唯一級標志詞，原因項標志詞，轉(zhuǎn)折項標志詞）
復合式聽寫部分
復合式聽寫答題順序及技巧
聽之前：pre – listening 1． 對全文進行全局性預覽：尤其是第一句（topic）最后一句(conclusion)2． 觀察空格前后的特殊現(xiàn)象，判斷詞性，單復數(shù)，時態(tài)語態(tài) 聽之時：while-listening
原則：精聽，速記，以聽為主，以記為輔。如何速記
1． 省略虛詞如：如冠詞，助動詞等
2． 遇到詞組記每個單詞首字母如 break down 就記作B D，但一定要自己看得懂的
3． 長單詞記前三個字母 如：experience 就記作 exp 4． 符號記憶 如：more than 就記作‖>‖ less than 記作 ―<‖ equal to 記作 ―=‖等等
5． 混合記憶 就是把上面幾種方法混合起來用，還可以夾雜中文字等等
6． 隨便記憶 如果實在一時想不出是什么詞，就用拼音，音標或者讀音相近的詞先把他記下來?？傊褪遣还軐﹀e，先把大致讀音記下來再說，然后等有時間再慢慢研究。
7． 無論采取何種記錄方法最重要的原則是記得自己看得懂，待會能很方便的回想和復原出來。不要記得到時候自己也想不起來是什么東西。
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聽之后：after – listening 全面檢查和補全前面記錄下的東西 1． 檢查漏詞
a 檢查漏掉的：介詞（in on at ……），冠詞（a an the），代詞(it this that ……)
b 漏詞綴：漏掉單詞前綴，漏掉非謂語形式（―ing‖……），漏掉過去時態(tài)（最容易出錯的是以下四個短語 decided to / surprised to / learned to / started to）2． 檢查錯詞
a 長單詞容易發(fā)生拼寫錯誤，要仔細檢查一遍
b 短單詞容易和同音異義詞混淆，檢查時要和上下文連起來看看意思是不是對 3． 檢查大小寫
人名 地名 國家名 時間名（月份什么）節(jié)日名 書名 文件名 商標名 歷史事件名 宗教名首字都要大寫 句首單詞首字母也要大寫
4． 檢查名詞單復數(shù)，形容詞、副詞比較級最高級，動詞事態(tài)，語態(tài)
關(guān)于最后三句話的聽寫注意事項和技巧
這個三句話一般比較難，要全部聽出來有一定難度。但無論如何有兩點要避免，1． 把句子寫成一個個單詞，把沒聽見的地方位置空出來。這個是絕對不可取的，老師看都不用看肯定扣分。因為這都不是句子嘛！
2． 把句子的內(nèi)容不斷的涂改，搞的卷面非常難看。這個首先給老師的印象就很惡劣，然后如果有一點點錯誤本來可以扣0.5分，1分什么的，這下就說不定全部扣光了
所以不管對錯都要把句子寫成貌似像一個句子，要整潔不要涂涂改改，最好還沒有語法錯誤。一般可以有四種做法：
1． 逐字逐句聽寫（適合比較簡單的句子或比較牛的同學）2． 聽懂之后寫句子大意，無語法錯誤（適合于比較長的句子）
比較常用的方法是判斷這句話表達的是正面的意思還是反面的意思，正面的意思嘗試用 it is good / important 之類的句子改寫 反面的意思嘗試用 it is bad / harmful 之類的句子改寫
3． 前后隨便抄一句（反正空著也是空著，就隨便寫一句咯。：P 因為閱卷老師只有答案沒有考卷的啦。對是肯定不對的但總比空著強）
4． 呵呵，連隨便抄抄這種方法也講了，還剩下什么呢？這個我就不說了，估計大多數(shù)人也是不會用地說 ：）
反正做復合式聽寫不管聽得如何最重要的就是死也不能空著！因為閱卷老師一天要改幾百份卷子，空著太醒目了一看就是扣分，而且給老師的第一印象就是這個同學水平很差然后說不定就沒興趣看了。單詞實在不會拼，千萬不要空著，如有一兩個字母吃不準可以寫的花一點即像這個又像那個。如果完全不會拼就隨便按照發(fā)音規(guī)則拼一個貌似的單詞。句子么前面已經(jīng)說過了一定要寫得貌似一個完整的句子。反正錯了是理所當然的因為本來就不對，沒什么好后悔，but(強轉(zhuǎn)折)萬一閱卷的老師眼神不好算你對了，那是就檢了便宜了啦。
最后說幾點注意事項
1． 切忌拿到考卷就去翻看作文題，因為那樣會打亂你正常的思路，或不知不覺開始構(gòu)思或造成不必要的緊張，而這都勢必會嚴重影響你聽力的效果。作文最后
天上砍木材團隊
有專門整塊的時間可以構(gòu)思和寫作，完全沒有必要這樣迫不及待。
2． 拿到考卷后除了填準考證什么的就因馬上把思想集中在聽力部分，因為這是考試中唯一只有一次機會的題目。機不可失，失不再來。
3． 預讀選項應(yīng)該從最后一篇文章往前讀，因為section b 的 direction 很較短且選項難度也較大，所以很可能會來不及讀的。所以尤其是后兩篇文章的選項一定要先讀，第一篇實在來不及還可以在direction時讀。但在預讀選項時，耳朵一定要注意聽 當聽到section a 的 direction 讀到中間有個―therefore‖這個單詞時（這個單詞在那個例子講完后一點），無論看到哪里都馬上停下來回到section a 讀第一題的四個選項。因為―therefore‖這個單詞到第一題開始正好是10秒，而后面每一題的間隔也正好是10秒。大家一定要讓自己適應(yīng)在10秒內(nèi)讀完四個選項，要知道如果來不及的話也就意味著后面的題目你統(tǒng)統(tǒng)都來不及，因為后面的10秒還要去除答前面一題的時間呢。
4． 答題的時間一般最長不要超過4秒至少要留6秒時間給下一道題的預讀。前6秒答題，后8秒預讀下一題選項。超過4秒還選不出答案的要么就隨便選，要么就記下點什么待會再選。而且事實證明在4秒鐘之內(nèi)不能選出答案的，就算選了錯誤的幾率也是非常大的。所以千萬不要拼命狂想，否則后面的就是多米諾骨牌式的效應(yīng)了。
5． 考前注意休息，營養(yǎng)均衡，早餐定時定量。
6． 強烈建議考試當天早上不要看什么單詞書，也不要聽什么聽力，也不要背什么作文。因為對于絕大多數(shù)的同學而言，到了這時候再看這些已經(jīng)不會有什么太大的作用反而只會莫名其妙的增加自己緊張和不安的情緒，而這對于考試絕對是不利的。
7． 對于少部分考試慢熱型但心理素質(zhì)又很好的同學早上也可以隨便拿一套聽得很熟得真題來聽聽，但就算要聽也一定要聽平時聽得滾瓜爛熟的千萬不要找陌生的來聽。（不太推薦）這不是我說的。
8． 古人云，不戰(zhàn)而屈人之兵，很大程度上取決于心理因素。所以不要給自己任何負面的心理暗示，早上起來大聲地告訴自己我這次一定可以過的，我很強的。然后可以聽一些輕音樂之類的舒緩自己緊張的情緒。
再次萬分的感謝tom老師的講課
[原創(chuàng)]四級聽力之——如何備戰(zhàn)四級聽力
天上砍木材團隊
如何備戰(zhàn)四級聽力（國內(nèi)部徐星海）引子
如何有效備戰(zhàn)四級聽力？如何在短時間內(nèi)大幅提高自身水平？隨著十二月份的四級考試的臨近，越來越多的考生面臨著這樣的一個尷尬局面：有時間的時候，忽視了日積月累的復習；而意識到復習的重要性的時候，時間又非常緊迫了。古人云，―不戰(zhàn)而屈人之兵‖，意思就是在打仗之前，就已經(jīng)通過各種各樣的非戰(zhàn)爭因素贏得了戰(zhàn)爭，勝敗已見分曉。同樣的，我們四級的考生也一定要贏在起跑線上：建立起正確的迎考態(tài)度，按照正確的復習方法和節(jié)奏，有條不紊地進行系統(tǒng)的復習工作。心理準備
首先我們必須明確：冰凍三尺，非一日之寒；英語學習是一個長期積累的過程，短期的突擊無異于舍本逐末、杯水車薪。然而，這并不意味著我們不能夠通過掌握考試規(guī)律來調(diào)整我們的臨考狀態(tài)、提高我們的應(yīng)考能力。本文目的就是與廣大考生共同分享如何利用應(yīng)試規(guī)律、最大限度地發(fā)揮同學們的四級聽力水平的。當然，我們還是需要反復強調(diào)：英語水平是不可能在短時間內(nèi)有實質(zhì)性飛躍的，盡管，考生的應(yīng)試水平可以通過科學的方法有效地提高。
想要在四級考場中最大程度發(fā)揮潛能、取得完勝，考生首先要在心理上取得優(yōu)勢。不僅是對于初次考級的新考生，對于老考生來說，四級的成敗很大程度上取決于心理因素。心理上，我們必須戒驕戒躁，排除任何雜念，越是臨近考試，就越是要冷靜執(zhí)著，堅韌不拔?？忌男闹兄恍枰幸粋€信念：兩個月，我只要兩個月復習四級就綽綽有余了，我一定能夠畢其功于一役！
同時，我們必須有這樣的心理準備：隨著四、六級考試改革的深入，會有更多，更新，更難的題目，包括聽力題目和題型出現(xiàn)。有了這樣的思想準備，一旦出現(xiàn)某種沒有預料到的題型，或者是某些罕見的知識點，就反而迎合了我們打硬仗的心理準備。我們就能夠真正地在戰(zhàn)略上輕視四級考試，在戰(zhàn)術(shù)上重視四級考試。表現(xiàn)出我不入地獄、誰入地獄的氣概。
當然，我們花了大量的時間和精力來復習英語、準備考試肯定不是為收集準考證而來的。所以，一旦在考場中出現(xiàn)一些意想不到的意外情況，我們能夠、也必須有處驚不變的能力，及時調(diào)整考試心態(tài)、從容不迫地應(yīng)答。須知，四級考試是標準化考試，對于每個考生而言，都是公平的。事實上，歷史經(jīng)驗證明：題目要求越是高，難度越是大，考生的發(fā)揮余地也就越大。挑戰(zhàn)和機遇是正相關(guān)的。實戰(zhàn)準備
毫無疑問，一個考生的應(yīng)試水平，其實，也是基于一定的英語基礎(chǔ)之上的。所謂弱不受補，任何的技巧和方法都或多或少地需要對于英語有比較基本而扎實的掌握。所以，想要盡快提高自己的應(yīng)試水平，首先就是要盡快提高自己的英語水平。當然，既然考生的目標非常明確、而且只有一個：四級，那么就應(yīng)該把有限的時間和精力投入到無限的為四級而準備的工作中去。雖然，同樣是測試一個考生的英語語言運用能力，但是國外有雅思考試、托福考試，國內(nèi)有專業(yè)四、八級，大學四、六級等等，她們的考試目的，手段，和評價體系都不盡相同。由此可見，復習四級的最好方法，不過六個字：真題！真題！真題！！可以說，真題的重要性在任何考試中都到了無可復加的地步。只有真題才能夠體現(xiàn)出考試的所有特點，四級考試當然也不例外。達成了這個共識，我們就需要解決另外一個問題：如何有效地利用有限的真題。
據(jù)統(tǒng)計，保留完整的四級真題不超過三十套，所以，真題的資源是非常有限，甚
天上砍木材團隊
至是稀缺的。所以，做真題，不僅僅是一個做題的過程，而且是一個做精做透，精益求精，不斷提高的過程。那么怎么樣才能在聽真題的時候達到以上的要求呢？根據(jù)聽真題的不同層次，基本上，可以把聽題分為以下五個階段： 1． 初聽
眾所周知，聽真題時的第一感覺是無法取代的。第一次聽題，是對考生聽力的一次全新考驗，所以，大部分考生也非常重視測分。但是由于太重視分數(shù)，往往剛聽完一個部分就開始對答案，甚至每聽一題就對一題的答案。應(yīng)該說，這樣的做法首先干擾了正常的做題程序，而且使考生養(yǎng)成依賴答案的習慣，最后也很難達到預期的做題效果，畢竟，在考場里，考生聽題必須一氣呵成，在整整二十分鐘時間里，根本沒有機會休息，更不用說對答案了。所以，第一次聽題，最好能夠模擬考場的情況，制造考場的氣氛，甚至對自己施加一些臨考的壓力，這樣才能夠達到理想的聽題效果。即使是有個別題目不確定或者沒有聽清，也必須強迫自己至少在整套真題聽完以后再對答案（而不是對照原文），然后再著手尋找問題。2． 聽寫
在第一遍聽題結(jié)束以后，考生往往會碰到以下兩種情況：一．發(fā)覺有些自己猶豫不決的題目猜對了；二．發(fā)覺有些猶豫不決的題目改錯了。對于這兩種情況，考生必須有一個清醒的認識：其實這些題目就像比賽中的機會球一樣，做對與否幾乎完全取決于運氣。所有，無論對錯，都應(yīng)該引起考生的高度重視。另外兩種容易被忽略的現(xiàn)象是：一．考生可以在第一次就把握住題目的大意，因此可以比較輕松地把題目答對；二．考生無論如何努力地試圖去聽也無法把原文中的信息通過聽力的手段解構(gòu)。對于第一種現(xiàn)象，考生必須防止一知半解（只知其一，不知其二），或者是自欺欺人（以為自己完全懂了，其實有些地方根本就沒有聽到，沒有聽出來，或者是沒有聽懂）。而對于第二種現(xiàn)象，有些考生往往就急于求成，在第一時間就翻開原文進行對比研究。這些情況，都是廣大考生必須避免的。剛才已經(jīng)說過，真題的資源是非常稀缺的，因此，在初聽之后，考生需要開始一個漫長的細嚼慢咽的消化過程。這個過程，就是做聽寫練習，不厭其煩地對自己所做的每一道真題進行聽寫練習，無論對錯。這樣一來，本來沒有暴露出來的問題自然而然也就暴露出來了，本來已經(jīng)暴露出來的問題則被具體化地落實到了詞、詞組、和短語等語言基本單位上。如此一來，清者自清、濁者自濁，考生可以從一個非?？陀^的角度全面審視自己現(xiàn)有的聽力水平。3． 整理
當找到自身存在的隱含或者是具體的問題之后，考生就可以開始歸納整理自己在聽寫中所反映出來的問題了。一般，每個考生的情況不同，因此問題也因人而異。不過有一點可以肯定，如果是小對話題，那么問題基本上可以從單詞、詞組、口語表達方式、場景及其相關(guān)語境詞、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、時態(tài)、語態(tài)語體、和語音語調(diào)等幾方面進行歸類；如果是語段題，那么問題基本上可以從詞組、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、語段語篇結(jié)構(gòu)、文章體裁、考點分布、和標志詞等幾方面來進行歸類；而如果是復合式聽寫，那么問題基本上可以從漏詞、錯詞、大小寫、時態(tài)語態(tài)、數(shù)、同音近音詞、細節(jié)把握、語言歸納整理能力、和句型結(jié)構(gòu)的掌握等幾方面來進行歸類。通過比較系統(tǒng)地歸納和整理自身暴露出來的問題，考生可以比較一目了然地發(fā)覺自身的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)所在，因此也就有了對癥下藥的科學依據(jù)。而且，考生往往會發(fā)覺，由于聽力是一門綜合性的科目，所以，所謂聽力問題，大多數(shù)情況下，不僅僅是由于―聽力‖出了問題，而且還因為詞匯量限制、句型掌握不穩(wěn)固、語法知識不系統(tǒng)、語言功能掌握不全面、語段語篇理解不透徹等等其它―非聽力‖因素而出現(xiàn)障礙。這
天上砍木材團隊
樣，就要求廣大考生能夠從自身具體情況出發(fā)，結(jié)合各種工具書，針對自己的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)各個擊破。4． 跟讀
通過以上方法，基本上，考生可以把詩外的功夫做到位，但是如果同學發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有些結(jié)構(gòu)看到了就懂了，可是聽起來還是很吃力，那又應(yīng)該怎么辦呢？理論上，這是由于考生的視覺和聽覺脫鉤的關(guān)系。也就是說，考生的對于真題的敏感性還沒有在聽覺這個層次上建立起來。如果說其它部分還可以蒙混過關(guān)，那么這對于聽力來說就是一個巨大的災難了。除了極個別題目可以通過選項特征進行判斷以外，其它聽不懂的題目一般情況下都會犧牲掉，畢竟，四級真題越來越成熟、越來越科學、越來越系統(tǒng)，真題中的迷惑項也隨之越來越難以辨別。既然問題是出在―聽覺‖上，那么最好的方式就是通過糾正語音來解決問題了。顯而易見，聽說本為一家，如果考生單純―聽力‖出現(xiàn)問題，那么一般―口語‖也不盡如人意，而考生如果口語水平不俗，那么一般聽力也不會差。須知，練習口語和提高聽力本身就是個辯證統(tǒng)一的關(guān)系，兩者緊密聯(lián)系、相輔相成。對于進入沖刺階段的考生來說，練習聽力，需要不急不徐、戒驕戒躁，既沒有時間，不能夠從最基本的音標或者是漫無目的地找口語材料進行練習，也不能夠急功近利，妄圖通過一兩次突擊就大功告成。實際上，只要有心，考生不難發(fā)現(xiàn)：完完整整、踏踏實實地對照聽力原文，跟讀真題聽力磁帶五至六遍以后，再回過頭來聽題，感覺就不可同日而語了。在跟讀的過程中，考生切忌貪多，一定要在他人、錄音機、復讀機、或者其它設(shè)備的幫助下糾正自己不良的吐字發(fā)音習慣，有條件的話，最好是親自對照自己的讀音和真題讀音之間的差別，這樣才能夠盡快突破語音關(guān)，為聽力考試打通最后一道關(guān)。如果時間允許，考生還需要重點跟讀自己在聽寫練習中暴露出的問題單詞、問題句型、或者問題語段結(jié)構(gòu)，在糾正語音的過程中，強化自己的復習成果。5． 背誦
最后的一個階段，也是最高境界，就是能夠?qū)φ骖}了如指掌，做到繪聲繪色、惟妙惟肖地模仿，甚至是倒背如流。我們很多教授聽力的老師，通過長期的教學實踐，已經(jīng)達到了這個層次，從而對于真題才有不同凡響的見解和分析。不難看出，對于真題越是熟悉的人，無論是考生還是老師，都能夠很好地把握聽題節(jié)奏、做題方法、猜題技巧、從而達到―猛、準、狠‖的最高境界。我們在課上講授的絕大多數(shù)技巧、場景、原則、關(guān)鍵詞、特殊句型、甚至是答題的感覺都是以大量背誦作為基礎(chǔ)的。一般地說，一個考生只要能夠達到背誦考點的水平（與全文背誦相比較還是相對容易的），就可以輕松應(yīng)付四級聽力考試了。畢竟，四級聽力考試所能夠測試的知識點和考點范圍有限，考生一旦能夠?qū)λ袦y試點如數(shù)家珍，那么考試本身已經(jīng)不成為問題了，因為，這時候的考生已經(jīng)突破了應(yīng)付考試的層次，真正達到了提升英語水平的階段了。這聽起來似乎遙不可及，其實不然?？忌谟幸欢ㄕZ感的基礎(chǔ)上，通過可以誦讀五、六遍就已經(jīng)能夠?qū)y試點有一個基本印象了，然后根據(jù)艾賓浩斯的記憶曲線，連續(xù)記憶三天就可以過關(guān)了。到時候，考生再回首看自己曾經(jīng)做過的卷子、錯過的題，不禁會扼腕痛惜：這種程度的題目我也會做錯？ 其它準備
在了解了聽真題的各個階段以后，考生還需要把握復習的節(jié)奏。一般，由于四級聽力資源的匱乏，考生如果在考試前有充裕的時間復習，那么應(yīng)該在保證質(zhì)量的前提下完成復習任務(wù)。每個星期的做題量應(yīng)該控制在一至兩套之間，力求聽一套、天上砍木材團隊
記一套、看一套、讀一套、背一套，套套入心。直到考試前一個月才開始真正發(fā)力，使自己漸漸進入臨考狀態(tài)，一般以一天一套為宜。如果考生發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在聽力的A部分或者B部分的后半段明顯答題正確率下降，那么就表明：考生在體力方面的準備仍然不充分。那么，考生應(yīng)該結(jié)合自身情況在保證休息的前提下，適當加大聽題力度，進行超負荷訓練，提高自己考試聽力的耐力水平。
然后，我們需要一個切實可行的詳細到每一天的復習計劃。雖然每個考生的情況不同，本身水平，備考時間，心理期待都有所差異，但是，有一點是共同的：在最后的兩個月里，挑戰(zhàn)極限、追求卓越，即使是面對絕望，也要在絕望中尋找希望！
其次，也是更為重要的一點，就是要步步為營、一步一個腳印地合理安排備考時間，實施這個計劃。一般情況下，我們認為，一天24小時中，有6個小時是英語考級聽力的黃金復習時間。這6個小時分別在早8點到10點，中午12點到14點，晚上20點到22點。
一日之際在于晨，擁有清晨日出的人，就擁有一天的陽光。在早晨寶貴的時間里，由于沒有前攝抑制，我們記憶能力將達到的高峰時期。而且，作為四級考試的第一部分，聽力恰在9點至10點的時間進行答題。在早晨的時間段進行考級聽力練習可以達到記憶和調(diào)整生物鐘的雙重功效，可謂事半功倍。
而中午則是大多數(shù)同學休息的時候，這段時間里，我們的注意力很難集中。如果在這段時間里進行考級聽力練習，其實是對一個考生體力的考驗。當然，我們不提倡通宵達旦的題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)，只是要求廣大考生做好打疲勞戰(zhàn)的準備。因為考試時由于心理緊張，會加速人體的疲勞，所以，我們必須強迫自己適應(yīng)在最艱苦的條件下連續(xù)作戰(zhàn)。然而，考前的休息也異常重要，所以，我們就犧牲中午休息的時間，做一些高強度的訓練。
到了晚上則更不待言，很多考生的大部分復習時間就是在晚上白白流逝的。其實晚上的時間沒有后攝抑制，也是人的記憶高峰。與其進行其它的娛樂休閑活動，或者背單詞背到走神，不如強迫自己反復聆聽四級真題、做聽寫練習，使自己對各種題型、各種考點了如指掌、倒背如流。
其實，在考試迫在眉睫的時候，同學們往往容易進入一種混亂的臨考狀態(tài)。這種狀態(tài)比較突出的表現(xiàn)是日夜顛倒，該休息的時候睡不著、夜不能寐，可是一拿起書就昏昏欲睡、欲罷不能。尤其是在專業(yè)課和全國四、六級考試紛至沓來的時候，很多同學更是發(fā)揚連續(xù)作戰(zhàn)的精神，通宵達旦，頭懸樑、錐刺骨，結(jié)果影響了正常的作息，反而使自己陷于被動，很難正常發(fā)揮。這對于像四、六級考試這樣的高強度考試而言是有百害而無一益的。道理很簡單，四、六級考試對于一個學生來說，不僅是一次英語水平的綜合測試，也是一種意志力、甚至是體力的考驗。沒有良好的休息作為后盾，考生很難笑到最后。所以，保證充足的睡眠是最基本也是首要的應(yīng)試技巧。
尤其是在考試最后一天，沒有充足的睡眠，考生在考場里很容易出現(xiàn)幻聽、重聽等現(xiàn)象，嚴重影響聽力考試的技戰(zhàn)術(shù)水平發(fā)揮。須知，聽力考試是四級考試中唯一的只有一次答題機會的題型，錯過任何一個字都不可能重來。而遺失任何一個考點就等于把考生推上絕路，不僅對本題解答會產(chǎn)生不良影響，更可能引起心理暗示的連鎖反應(yīng)，打亂考生考試節(jié)奏，引發(fā)多米諾股牌效應(yīng)，從而棋錯一招、滿盤皆輸。
最后，營養(yǎng)的攝入在最后關(guān)頭也是異常重要的一環(huán)。在保證充分睡眠的同時，食物是另一個―工夫在詩外‖的非考試因素。尤其是參加四級考試的同學，早餐一定要
天上砍木材團隊
定時定量，不可或缺。一般來說，類似奶酪酥這樣的奶制品外加一杯熱牛奶或者熱巧克力已經(jīng)足以提供整個半天考試所需的熱量。當然，這也因人而異。對于內(nèi)火較旺的同學來說，紅棗蓮心湯就是更好的選擇了。有些體質(zhì)虛弱的同學也可以考慮服用一些如西洋參、雞精、保健飲料這樣的營養(yǎng)品。不過，安眠藥或者興奮劑等有副作用的藥物一定要慎用，否則過猶不及?？偨Y(jié)
我們說在兩個月內(nèi)完成四級的考級任務(wù)并不僅僅是空洞的技巧和捷徑，因為任何的技巧都需要一定的積累作為基礎(chǔ)，而任何的捷徑只是一條比較近的路而已，都是由人走出來的。所以，我們一方面需要放松心態(tài)、輕裝上陣；另一方面又需要腳踏實地、苦干加巧干。
在具體的復習過程中，我們首先應(yīng)該對自己有一個基本的認識，也就是說，要了解自己的水平怎么樣。當然，如果至今都沒有完整地做過任何一套四級真題的同學是不知道自己的水平以大學英語四級的標準來衡量到底達到什么程度的。所以，從這兩個月里的第1天起，我們就必須開始做題。每天只需要做一至兩套，但是務(wù)必做精做透。
這樣做，唯一的好處就在于通過試著完整地做歷年四級真題，考生就能夠找出自己在四級標準下的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。找到了這樣的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，就可以進行有針對性的強化練習，填補自己在知識結(jié)構(gòu)上的漏洞。由于聽力考試是一門綜合性的考試，考察的不僅是學生的聽能，更是學生在詞匯，閱讀，歸納分析等等方面的綜合能力，所以，在聽力上有問題的同學，往往問題不僅僅在聽能上，他其它部分的答題通常也是差強人意的。但是如果我們能夠通過聽力找到自己在整個英語體系中體現(xiàn)出來的問題，不管是發(fā)音、詞匯、語法、還是閱讀能力，那么就可以達到一箭雙雕的效果了。
當然，四級考級復習是一個龐大而系統(tǒng)的過程。在這個過程中還要注意的一個要點就是要將任務(wù)大而化小，小而化了。反復練習考試聽力時，不要以整套真題、整個部分、或者整個語段為單位，而是應(yīng)該以最小的單位進行反復的復習。小對話題至少劃分到每一題，語段題至少劃分到每一段，而聽寫題則最好劃分到每一句。這樣不僅使需要解決的問題變得很明確，而且容易使考生在復習過程中有掌握一個新的知識點或者考點的成就感。
具體的復習過程中，考生要不忘加強基礎(chǔ)的訓練。把聽力原文中有限的生詞、詞組、語法現(xiàn)象（如常考的虛擬語氣，省略，重要時態(tài)等）、句型（如建議類句型，附和句型與否定句型等）以及場景都盡可能詳盡地掌握。如果連看著原文都不能夠弄懂，那么要把原文聽懂就更加無法想象了。雖然，自然狀態(tài)下，人們學習語言是由聽力首先入手的，但是作為第二語習得，我們對學習英語大多從閱讀開始的，所以如果連閱讀也不能夠達到四級聽力的要求，提高聽力水平只能夠是空中樓閣、空談而已。因此，正確的順序應(yīng)該是首先利用聽力材料練習聽力，在無法聽懂的情況下對照原文，如果還是不懂，那么就參考譯文。接下來，在書面認知的基礎(chǔ)上，再循環(huán)地進行聽力練習?；A(chǔ)不牢、地動山搖，沒有扎實的英語功底是絕對不會有聽力這個上層建筑的?？罩稚蠎?zhàn)場，只會在痛苦中被消滅的！具體的復習過程中，考生還要克服語音障礙，在實踐中加強對單詞的語音敏感度的練習。大多數(shù)考生記憶單詞過程實際上是手眼并用的過程，往往容易忽略對于耳朵的刺激。所以，很多考生反映當看到時覺得異常簡單非常親切，可是聽到時就完全不同了。是的，僅憑視覺和觸覺記憶，而沒有足夠的語音信息的輸入，加上對不同的語音系統(tǒng)準備不足，會輕而易舉地導致熟悉的單詞一旦從磁帶中放出
天上砍木材團隊
來就完全是判若兩詞的感覺?，F(xiàn)在，如果考生再去購買配備磁帶的詞匯書，跟讀、做聽寫固然有效，可是效果非常有限，原因就在于你已經(jīng)沒有時間再單獨地進行語音輸入練習了。目前，唯一可行的方法就是反復聽真題。這樣一來，既能夠在有限的時間里克服語音輸入的障礙，又能夠熟悉四級考題，可謂一舉兩得。當然，在聽音的過程中還必須注意英美音的發(fā)音現(xiàn)象。剛才說過，四級是一個混合的語音系統(tǒng)，這就要求所有考生對于不同發(fā)音有很快的反應(yīng)，迅速在兩種語音之間自由切換。接下來，我們還需要注意兩種比較?？嫉恼Z音現(xiàn)象：連讀和失爆。當然，特殊的語音現(xiàn)象絕對不止兩種，可是就像馬泰效應(yīng)所提出的―貧者愈貧、富者愈富‖的理論一樣，考過的語音現(xiàn)象總是一而再、再而三地成為考點。僅以連讀為例，full up /ful`(p/，office hours /%fi`sau*s/這樣的連讀已經(jīng)在四級考卷中屢見不鮮，成為必考的知識點。
具體的復習過程中，考生也需要擴大自己的閱讀面。綜上所述，今年來的語段和聽寫題頻繁涉及一些自然科學技術(shù)的發(fā)展以及社會科學中的話題。無論是環(huán)境保護、自然生物知識、英美國家人文知識、大學機構(gòu)介紹、特色服務(wù)、還是社會問題等內(nèi)容都能夠在四級聽力的試題中有所體現(xiàn)。這樣，就要求廣大考生對于社會生活的方方面面有一些基本的關(guān)注和了解，這種平時的積累有助于迅速熟悉甚至預測聽力語段的主題和走向，幫助考生輕松理解原文，根據(jù)自己日積月累的常識，對于某些常識題進行預先的判斷。這對于考生臨場發(fā)揮、提高解題自信心相當有幫助。
魯迅先生說過，世界上本沒有路，走的人多了也就成了路。我們要善于在學習實踐中發(fā)現(xiàn)、總結(jié)和運用規(guī)律，這樣才能夠在復習迎考的過程中事半功倍，百尺竿頭、更進一步。路漫漫其修遠兮，愿以此文拋磚引玉。
第五篇：新東方四級聽力筆記
新東方四級聽力筆記（非常完整版）
（一）資料的選擇：
1、聽力原題
2、TOEFL的聽力
3、《走遍美國》、《探索》、《國家地理》
聽力結(jié)構(gòu)：
Section A：10個短對話
Section B：3個段子；復合式聽寫（很少考）
類型題：
比如：Would you go to dance with me tonight?去不去干……
回答Yes/No.以及理由。
Would you go with us? Would you join us?
Would you go with me? Do you wanna come?
Wanna come?
應(yīng)試聽力提高的三個層次：
1、聽懂原文
2、搞清考題之間的類型關(guān)系
3、判斷出是什么考題
聽力遇到的問題：
一、語音問題：
連讀：跟讀提高口語，考試時不太重要，注意聽重讀。
二、態(tài)度方向：
測試：I'm upset.× I'm overjoyed.√
I'm beside myself with joy.√ I'm in the blues.×
I feel high today.√ I feel down recently.×
三、口語話問題：
語氣（升降調(diào)、重讀）
例句：Something just hit the front window.What?（什么東西呀？你說什么（沒聽清）？驚奇，生氣。）
例句：He was my boyfriend.考校園生活： 學生：異性（同學關(guān)系）、同性（室友關(guān)系）
口語詞匯
tape 膠帶（郵局場景）cassette 磁帶
project 作業(yè) =assignment awful 糟糕的
terrific 特棒的 awesome 特棒的
I see.我明白。
I can tell that.我能看得出。I understand that.我聽說。
I have got...我有…… have to = have got to(gotta)
be going to = be gonna want to = wanna
tell him I'll take this book.表示買
I won't buy that.我不信。buy=believe
四、場景問題：
1、如何出考題
2、如何判斷場景（場景線索詞）
例如：book（校內(nèi)：Libary；校外：bookstore）
textbook, dictionary, magzine, reference book, bibliography
manager, order--bookstore
解題思路：
比如：traffic: traffic jam car: break down
六次課安排：
But題型，三個解題思路（1）場景題（2、3）
段子題、替換題（4、5）復合式聽寫、實戰(zhàn)考題（6）Section A
But題型(3-4個題目）：
but前的話沒用，but是關(guān)鍵，but后面的句子是正確選項。
例題：P25-5-Test 1-P100
A)He has some work to do.B)The woman is going to do that.C)His boss is coming to see him.D)He doesn?t feel like eating any bread today.W: I wonder if you have time to go to the food store today.We have almost run out of bread.M: You? d better do that.I haven?t got my report ready yet, but my boss needs it tomorrow.Q: Why isn?t the man going to do the shopping?
注：1.第二人的回答都是充滿了遺憾。
2.run out of 用完，沒有
boor 土人，粗野的人（GRE詞匯）
生活中常用的動詞非常簡單：
take make go win let have
口語中常用短語：
1.mess 臟亂
His dormitory is in a big mess.2.meet = come across = run into = bang into 遇見。
happen to meet 恰巧碰到
3.與動詞搭配使用最多的是out，因為out代表一種極端的狀態(tài)，很徹底。
run out of 用完了
check out 借書；辦理出院手續(xù)；徹底檢查；退房（check in 開房）；結(jié)帳離開
wear out 穿破
be worn out（物）破舊；（人）疲憊
make out 辨認出
figure out 想清楚，弄明白
She has a figure that kills.身材很棒。
She has a face that kills.長得非常漂亮
work out 想清楚，弄明白，解決問題；（gym場景）拼命鍛煉
help out 幫個大忙
find out 打聽，查明真相
dine out 外出吃飯，下館子
cafeteria 飯?zhí)?，自助餐廳【學校的飯菜不好吃】
cook out 在外野餐
hang out 閑逛
turn out(to be)事實證明
[P25-8]
A)He can?t find his new apartment.B)He had a bigger apartment before.C)He finds the new apartment too big for him.D)He?s having a hard time finding an apartment.W: How do you find your new apartment?
M: Well, it?s quite nice really, although I have a hard time getting used to living in a big place.Q: What is the man?s problem?
注： 1.dormitory 宿舍
apartment 公寓
laboratory
secretary
房子難找；房租貴；房太吵
2.How do you find...= How do you like...3.be used to doing sth.習慣于做某事 選項中找be accustomed to doing sth.或adapt
used to do sth 過去常常 選項中找 was always 或找否定句+now
[P28-6]
A)He meant she should make a phone call if anything went wrong.B)He meant for her just to wait till help came.C)He was afraid something would go wrong with her car.D)He promised to give her help himself.W: Could you tell me what I should do if my car breaks down?
M: Well, I'm sure you won't have any trouble, Mrs.Smith, but if something should happen, just call this number.They'll see that you get help.Q: What does the man really mean?
注：談?wù)撥嚨淖畲笤掝}一定是壞掉 break down。
[P28-8]
A)He has edited three books.B)He has bought the wrong book.C)He has lost half of his money.D)He has found the book that will be used.M: Hey, Louise, I've got a used copy of our chemistry textbook for half price.W: I'm afraid you wasted your money, yours is the first edition, but we're supposed to be using the third edition.Q: What has the man done?
注：used book 二手書，舊書
對話發(fā)生的時間一般是開學或期末。
開學：orientation 新生培訓 freshman/ fresher 大一新生
sophomore 大二 junior 大三 senior 大四
期末：考試、突擊熬夜、失眠、吃藥、搶救
[P30-1]
A)She wants to return the skirt her husband bought.B)She wants to buy another skirt.C)She wants to change the yellow skirt for a blue one.D)She wants to change the blue skirt for a yellow one.M: Now, what's your problem, Madam?
W: Oh, yes.My husband bought this yellow skirt here yesterday.It is very nice, but it's not the colour I want.Have you got any blue ones?
Q: What does the woman want to do?
注：1.藍色情節(jié)
blue 服裝最喜歡的顏色
dark blue 深藍
light blue 淺藍
navy blue 海軍藍
navy 常用這個詞表示藍色
pink 紅色習慣用這個詞表示
2.羊毛情節(jié)wool
down jacket 羽絨服
[P33-5]
A)It's too windy.B)The people there are terrible.C)The air is polluted.D)The beaches are dirty.W: The place I've heard so much about is Los Angeles.The climate is pretty good.Year-round flowers, year-round swimming.How do you like it?
M: Well, the beaches are beautiful.But the people there are terribly annoyed by the dirty air.I mean, the combination of fog, smoke and automobile exhaust.There is not enough wind to blow it away.Q: What does the man think of Los Angeles?
注：選項B不可能為正確選項。[P36-4]
A)The apartment is better furnished.B)She prefers to live in a quiet place.C)It's less expensive to live in an apartment.D)She finds her roommates difficult to get along with.M: I hear you are moving to an apartment.Can you tell me why?
W: Actually, I didn?t want to move.It would be more expensive to live outside the college.But I just can?t bear the noise made by the people living next door.Q: Why does the woman want to move?
住房場景：
1、房難找
2、房租太貴
3、房太吵
注：1.口語中現(xiàn)在進行時表將要
2.must 表猜測
have got to do 表應(yīng)該，必須
[P36-7]
A)He didn't buy anything.B)He got some medicine for his foot.C)He was sick and couldn't go shopping.D)He bought everything except the football.W: Did you go shopping this afternoon?
M: Yes, but all I got was a sore foot.Q: What does the man mean?
注：sore foot 腳疼
sore throat 嗓子疼
[P36-9]
A)She didn't know her daughter could sing so well.B)She sings better than her daughter.C)She doesn't like her daughter.D)She herself doesn't have a good voice.M: I heard your daughter sing at the school concert last night.She has a lovely voice, I must say.W: Thank you, but I don?t know where she gets it.Q: What does the woman probably mean?
[P36-10]
A)He finds history books difficult to understand.B)He has to read a lot of history books.C)He doesn't like the history course.D)He has lost his history book.W: Why are you so tired and upset?
M: I?ve been taking the history course this term.But the trouble is that I?ll never get through the reading list.Q: Why is the man worried?
作業(yè)：
1.paper 論文；newspaper 報紙；文件；紙
research 查詢資料（library)
2.presentation 口頭報告 = report, speech, address
著裝正式；心里感受nervous
interview 面試（也需正式著裝）
3.reading assignment 閱讀作業(yè)
reading list 讀書清單
對作業(yè)的評價一定是抱怨
寫論文的步驟：
1、選題
2、查資料
3、打印
充滿遺憾：
談?wù)摻煌?-堵車；談?wù)撥?-壞掉；談?wù)撡I票--賣光；談?wù)摻尤?-晚點；談?wù)撘安?-下雨
寫論文的困難：
1、題目難選
2、資料難查
3、打字困難（機房總被占）
typewriter（break down 壞了；ribbon 色帶）, printer, laser printer, laptop，三個基本思路：
一、學習話題：學幾門課，課程難不難，課的進展，考試如何，作業(yè)如何，老師怎樣，實驗課怎樣，圖書館怎樣……
回答：基本上都是抱怨
二、生活話題：窮，省錢，購物一定要bargain，帶學生證，例如：1.I want to make a long distance call.When is the best time?
例如：2.Maybe I ought to subscribe to the journal.捐獻；定購訂閱。
Why don't you save the money and read it in the library?
例如：3.A)To wear a heavy sweater to the game.B)To postpone the game.C)To change tickets.D)To watch the game at home.三、混合話題，但忙于學習。
場景題：
選項的特點：
1.地點；2.to do表目的；3.-ing；4.A and B結(jié)構(gòu)，人物關(guān)系
提問特點：
What, Where, When, Who
總結(jié)重點：
出題思路
判斷場景的線索詞
例如：fine 罰款（校外交通；校內(nèi)圖書館）
cashier 出納（各個場景）
teller（銀行）出納員 ATM(Automatic Teller Machine)自動提款機
[P24-1]
A)He is still being treated in the hospital.B)He has had an operation.C)He?ll rest at home for another two weeks.D)He returned to work last week.M: How is your father, Mary? The last time I came to see you, you were about to take him to the hospital.W: He came home last week.The operation was very successful.The doctor said he? d almost recovered and could go back to work next week.Q: What did the woman say about her father?
注：be about to do 正要做某事
醫(yī)院場景：
1、醫(yī)生難找
2、病情如何
3、有病耽誤課 miss the class
缺課的原因：
1、生病 get ill
2、睡過頭 over sleep
3、traffic（車壞了，或者交通的問題）
醫(yī)院的線索詞：
operation 手術(shù)
infirmary（校內(nèi)）醫(yī)務(wù)室；cafeteria 飯?zhí)?；tuition 學費
treat, treatment 治療（過程）
cure 治愈（結(jié)果）
[study, learn;search, find;try, manage]
clinic 診所
ward 病房
student health center 學生健康中心
medical center 醫(yī)療中心
prescribe 開處方；preview 預習；interview 面試；international 國際的
fill the prescription 抓藥
refill the prescription 再抓藥
check out 辦理出院手續(xù)
emergency department 急診室
[P24-3]
A)To meet Tom Wang.B)To work in his office.C)To go to hospital.D)To attend a meeting.M: This is Tom Wang speaking.Could you tell me Mr.Smith?s schedule for tomorrow? I would like to meet him at his convenience.W: Let me see.He?ll go to see his doctor at 8, and chair a meeting at 10 in the morning.Well, he will be in the office the whole afternoon.Q: What does Mr.Smith plan to do at 10 o?clock tomorrow morning?
注：chair 主持
打電話場景：
1、約人肯定約不到 make an appointment（約醫(yī)生）
2、約會去不了
come up 突然來臨
reschedule 重新安排時間
fit me in 安排
3、電話打不通，打錯電話
run out of coin 硬幣用光 cut off 通話被中斷
hang up 掛斷電話
receiver 聽筒
hook 掛鉤
telephone book 電話簿
yellow pages 電話簿
yellow press 色情出版物
dial the number 打電話
打電話步驟：
look up the number in the telephone;
pick up the receiver;
drop the coins in the slot 投幣孔;
dial the number you wanted.[P25-4]
A)She was afraid she might be kept too late.B)She would have something more important to do.C)She had to meet a friend of hers.D)She was not in the mood to attend the party.W: Hello, Steve.This is Susan.I?m afraid I won?t be able to come to the party.I was justasked to go to a meeting.M: Do come after your meeting, Susan.Our party won?t be over until midnight.Q: Why did the woman say that she could not join in the party?
注：be in the mood to do sth.愿意做某事，有這種心情做某事
[P25-9]
A)To write a check.B)To find a telephone number.C)To ring up somebody.D)To check the telephone service.W: I?m sorry, but the number you are dialing is not in service.M: But that?s impossible.I just spoke to him this morning.Could you please check it for me?
Q: What is the man trying to do?
注：operator 接線員
[P27-2]
A)The woman is being interviewed by a reporter.B)The woman is asking for a promotion.C)The woman is applying for a job.D)The woman is being given an examination.M: Now, I'm going to start off by asking you a difficult question.Why would you like to get this post?
W: Well-first of all I know that your firm has a very good reputation.Then I've heard you offer good opportunities for promotion for the right person.Q: What do we know from this conversation?
工作場景：
1、找到工作高興
2、失去工作傷心
3、拒絕工作奇怪（主動拒絕令人感到奇怪）
找工作的步驟：
1、信息來源：newspaper 報紙: classified ad.分類廣告, help and wanted section 供求關(guān)系版
bulletin board公告板
flier 傳單
2、打電話確認
3、準備簡歷
4、面試：攜帶證明 identification、證書 certificate；確定你是否有資格qualification（be qualified for some post;be up to 勝任）；推薦信 reference letter
[P27-3]
A)His car was hit by another car.B)He was hurt while playing volleyball.C)He fell down the stairs.D)While crossing the street, he was hit by a car.W: Did you hear Mike is in hospital with head injuries and a broken arm?
M: Yes, apparently he was struck by another vehicle and turned completely over.Q: What happened to Mike?
[P27-4]
A)Took a photo of him.B)Bought him a picture.C)Held a birthday party.D)Bought him a frame for his picture.M: Could you help me to decide what I should buy for my brother's birthday?
W: Remember, you took a picture of him at his last birthday party? Why not buy him a frame so that he can fix the picture in it.Q: What did the man do last year for his brother's birthday?
注：提醒模式 remember, first, today, now(right now)
[P31-5]
A)Women's rights in society.B)The woman's job is a librarian.C)An important election.D)Career planning.W: We all talk about how liberated we are, but in fact women are still not equally treated.M: I don't think so.You've got the vote, you've got your careers-I think you've got everything important.Q: What are they arguing about?
注：liberated 自由的，被解放了的
free 免費的（選項中反義替換 pay)，有空閑時間的（選項中反義替換 busy)。
Statue of Liberty 自由女神
[P31-6]
A)She totally agrees with him.B)She thinks it is easier said than done.C)She feels that what he says is simply nonsense.D)She thinks that he is rather impolite person.M: It's partly your own fault.You should never let in anyone like that unless you're expecting him.W: It's all very well to say that, but someone comes to the door and says “electricity” or “gas” and you automatically think he is OK, especially if he shows you a card.Q: How does the woman feel about the man's remarks?
注：fault 過失
針對責備場景：
It's all very well to say that.說起來容易。
It is easier said than done.說起來容易，做起來難。
[P33-7]
A)The woman thanks the man for his efforts.B)The woman thinks that everything was all right.C)The woman blames the man for his absence.D)The woman doesn't think it was the man's fault.M: Look, I'm sorry I didn't turn up for the match yesterday, but it wasn't really my fault, you know.W: It's all very well saying it wasn't your fault, but thanks to you we lost 10 to 1.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
注：thank to 由于
[P44-2]
A)He is not to blame.B)It was his fault.C)He will accept all responsibility.D)He will be more careful next time.W: What an accident!If you had been careful, things would not be as they are.M: What do you mean, it was my fault? If it were, surely I would take all responsibility for it.Q: What does the man mean?
[P31-8]
A)On the 6th of June.B)On the 8th of June.C)On the 9th of June.D)On the 19th of June.M: I'd like to make two reservations on Flight 651 for June 8th.W: I'm sorry, we're booked up on the 8th.But we still have a few seats available on the 9th.Q: When does the man want to leave?
注：1.make reservation 預定，保留
2.be booked up 被定光
be filled 充滿了 be full of 充滿了
be taken 被占用
機場場景：
1、票已售完
2、接人晚點
3、送人傷感
機場線索詞：
airplane 飛機 flight 航班 take off 起飛 land 降落 circle 盤旋
wing 機翼；建筑物的側(cè)樓；博物館側(cè)面展廳；翅膀
terminal 終端機(computer)；終點站；候機大廳
[P33-3]
A)The cause of the flood.B)The heroic fight against a flood.C)The effects of the flood.D)Floods of the past twenty years.M: This has been the worst flood for the past 20 years.It has caused much damage and destruction.W: Look at the prices of fruits and vegetables.No wonder they are so expensive.Q: What are they talking about?
注：兩個選項正好相反，一定有一個為正確的選項。
自然災害的影響一定嚴重。
天氣一定是極端的天氣。
[P33-4]
A)They waited for each other at different places.B)They were both busy doing their own work.C)They went to the street corner at different times.D)The man went to the concert but the woman didn't.W: George, where were you yesterday evening? I expected to see you at the concert.M: Oh, I waited for you at the corner of your street.Then I looked for you at your flat, but the housekeeper said you were out.Q: Why didn't they meet that evening?
注： flat（英）公寓=apartment（美）sneaker 運動鞋（美）
trainer 運動鞋(英）sweat shirt 運動衫（美）
jersey 運動衫（英）corn 玉米（美）
maize 玉米（英）church 教堂（美）
chapel 教堂，小禮拜堂（英）cathedral 天主教大教堂（美）
luggage 行李（美）baggage 行李（英）
bang 頭發(fā)劉海（美）fringe 頭發(fā)劉海（英）
[P33-6]
A)In Mexico.B)In New Mexico.C)In the city.D)In California.M: I'd like to make an appointment to see Dr.Smith tomorrow.W: I' m sorry.Dr.Smith went on a one-week vacation in Mexico, and on his way back he'll be staying in California for 5 days.Let me see.He'll probably be back the day after tomorrow.Q: Where is Dr.Smith now?
[P34-9]
A)The credit hours required for an M.A.degree.B)The requirements of an M.A.degree.C)Getting extra credits.D)Taking more optional courses.M: You'll need 36 credit hours to get an M.A.degree.Fifteen must be from the English Department and fifteen from the Education Department.For the remaining six credit hours, you can either write a thesis or take two more optional courses.W: Right now, this is very confusing to me, but I'm sure I'll know what to do as I learn more about it.Q: What are they talking about?
注：M.A.Master of Arts 文學碩士
選課：take, take up, enroll in, register for, sign up for
[P36-1]
A)At home.B)In a phone box.C)In her office.D)In a friend's house.M: Please hold the line, Mrs.Smith.The doctor will talk to you in a minute.W: I?m afraid I may have to hang up.I don?t have any more coins and the line will be cut soon.Q: Where is Mrs.Smith most probably?
打電話場景：
1、約人約不到
2、約會去不了
3、電話打不通
電話亭:
telephone box telephone toll telephone booth telephone stand
newsstand 報亭 vegetable stand 菜攤 stands 露天座位
[P36-2]
A)On the west side of a square.B)At the end of a street.C)To the east of the traffic light.D)On the east side of a square.M: Excuse me, but could you show me the way to the train station?
W: Certainly.Go straight until you reach the traffic light, then turn left and you will see asquare.The station is on the east side of it.Q: Where is the train station located?
[P36-5]
A)In a hospital.B)In a library.C)In a travel agency.D)In a restaurant.M: You can get a lot of practice in giving out tickets and handling hotel reservations.Later on, you can take telephone calls.W: That?s great!Thanks, Mr.Thomson.I?ll come to work tomorrow.Q: Where will the woman probably be working?
旅行社：
book tickets 定票
make hotel reservation 訂房
[P36-6]
A)Customer and salesperson.B)Teacher and student.C)Boss and secretary.D)Guest and waitress.M: Please make 20 copies of this and deliver them to the chief executive and heads of departments.W: Certainly, sir.They will find it on their desks tomorrow morning.Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
注：chief executive 行政主管
chief executive officer CEO
[P39-2]
A)Whether to employ the woman.B)Whether to take up the new job.C)Whether to ask for a raise.D)Whether to buy a new house.M: You know, I? m just not too sure if the new salary will be high enough or even the new position is really what I want.Besides, I like the work that I am doing now.W: It sounds as though you?ve already made up your mind about what you are going to do.Q: What is the man thinking about?
注：take up 選課（take, take up, enroll in, register for, sign up for）；接受（take）
[P39-3]
A)A teacher.B)A psychologist.C)A librarian.D)A publisher.W: I?m looking for a textbook for my Psychology course.It?s called “Introduction to Educational Psychology”.Do you have it?
M: Yes, we do.You?ll find it in Section 24 on the top shelf.Q: What?s the man?s occupation?
注：1.textbook 教科書
2.introduction 初級課程
3.shelf 書架
圖書館：
reference room 參考資料室 periodical's room 期刊室 current issue 當月期刊 older issue 過期期刊
back issue 過期期刊 card catalog 索引室，卡片檢索
put on reserve 預留
關(guān)于圖書館基本思路：
1、想借的書借不到。
2、想還的書已過期。
[P39-8]
A)The woman enjoyed the movie very much.B)The woman saw a horror movie.C)The man asked the woman to be careful at night.D)The man went to the show with the woman.W: I still can?t get over the show last Saturday evening.I keep having frightening dreams all night.M: So, next time before you walk into a theatre, make sure what you are going to see.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?
注：frightening dreams 惡夢
nightmare 惡夢
考試、交通
對電影的評價基本上是負面的
It's a waste of time.It's a waste of money.It isn't worth the price of the admission.It has got an awful review.對音樂會的評價基本上是正面的[P41-2]
A)It will take about one month to repair the watch.B)The woman should have saved more money.C)It is a good idea to keep the old watch.D)The watch is no longer worth repairing.W: I can?t figure out what?s wrong with my watch.It was just a month ago that I had it repaired.M: Don't waste your time and money any more.It's a very old watch and is quite worn out.Q: What does the man mean?
思維：崇尚消費
1、東西壞了，扔了算了，買個新的
2、修不如買
東西方思維差異：
1、崇尚消費
2、提倡個人奮斗：借錢不借；借筆記一般也不借
3、重視錢
4、飲食方面：apple pie 一定好吃（代表美國的傳統(tǒng)文化traditional American）
This picnic is as American as apple pie.典型的美式野餐。
apple pie virtue 美國的傳統(tǒng)美德
I took the last one and it was out of the world.Even my mother's can't match this.You wouldn't have to force me to take another helping.5、不謙虛 self-confidence
6、表達直接且理性，邏輯嚴緊
注：1.figure out 判斷出
2.worn out（物）破舊；（人）疲憊
[P41-3]
A)Arguing.B)Protesting.C)Complaining.D)Bargaining.M: Oh, what a morning!You know, I had so much work to do and the phone just kept ringing.Three salespecople called me this morning!
W: I know how it is.I get a lot of calls too...even on weekends.Q: What are the two speakers doing?
注：I know how it is.表示同情。
I know how you feel.[P42-4]
A)Families with cars.B)American's heavy dependence on cars.C)Roads and highways.D)Traffic problems in America.W: You Americans are funny!It seems as if you were married to your cars.M: Yeah, I guess that's true.The country is becoming one big highway.I was reading that there are about 4 million miles of roads and high ways in this country now.Q: What are they talking about?
短對話，聽到什么不選什么。
段子題：聽到什么選什么。
[P42-5]
A)The apples and pears might not be so good.B)The apples are not as good as the pears.C)The apples and pears are very good.D)The apples and pears are as good as they look.W: I intend to buy some fruit for the children.These apples and pears seem to be in season.I'll get two dozen of each.M: I hope they're as good as they look.Q: What does the man mean?
注：1.pear 梨 pearl 珍珠
2.be in season 新鮮
購物場景：
supermarket 超市（便宜，日常生活用品supplies）
department store 百貨公司（貴，衣服，家用電器appliance）
[P42-8]
A)Customer and salesman.B)Colleagues.C)Employee and boss.D)Classmates.W: Hi!Jack.I just came back yesterday.Anything new while I was away?
M: Congratulations, Susan.It's said you'll be promoted to manager and become my immediate boss.Q: What is most probably the relationship between the two speakers at the moment?
注：1.immediate boss 頂頭上司
2.employee 雇員 employer 雇主
interviewer 面試者 interviewee 被面試者
payer 付款人 payee 收款人
[P44-3]
A)The man is a forgetful person.B)The typewriter is not new.C)The man can have the typewriter later.D)The man misunderstood her.M: Isn't that a new brand of typewriter you are working at? W: Oh, Bill.This isn't the first time you've asked me about it.Q: What does the woman imply?
健忘：
forgetful He is forgetful.Isn't he forgetful? How forgetful he is!
Absentminded slip one's mind
slipper 拖鞋 slippery 光滑的
害羞：
shy embarrassed 窘迫的 self-conscious 自我意識的
keep to oneself keep one's mind/ thought consciousness 意識
外向：
outgoing sociable easygoing
[P44-4]
A)There will be heavy fog in all areas.B)There will be heavy rain by midnight.C)There will be heavy fog in the east.D)There will be fog in all areas by midnight.W: It's nearly 10 o'clock.Let's listen to the weather forecast.M: Here's the weather forecast.Fog is spreading from the east, and it'll affect all areas by midnight.It'll be heavy in some places.Q: What's the weather forecast?
注：1.談?wù)撎鞖庖话銟O端不好。
2.fog 大霧，濃霧 mist 薄霧
shower 陣雨 pour 傾盆大雨
high wind 大風 gale 狂風
blizzard 大風雪
3.let up 雨停了 clear up 天放晴
warm up 天變暖
4.super hot 特別熱 burning hot 特別熱
freezing cold 冰冷 icy cold 冰冷
[P45-9]
A)She has been dismissed for her poor performance.B)She has been fired by the company.C)She has been granted leave for one month.D)She has been offered a new job.M: I'm sorry to tell you that you needn't come next week.You know, sales of our company have been poor recently.W: I've always worked hard.Would you be kind enough to give me a month's time so that I can find a new job?
Q: What has happened to the woman?
工作場景：
找到工作高興 失去工作傷心 拒絕工作奇怪 參見[P27-2]
[P47-1]
A)To change the tennis shoes in the sportswear department.B)To help his friend find the right department.C)To find his lost shoes on the tennis court.D)To buy himself a pair of tennis shoes.M: Could you please tell me where I can find tennis shoes?
W: Yes.You can get them in the sportswear department on the right side of the store.Q: What does the man want to do?
參見[P42-5]
注：department store 一般會分樓層 floor
flour 面粉
網(wǎng)球：
broken string 球拍斷線 restring 重新上線
serve 發(fā)球 return 回球
forehand 正手 backhand 反手
[P48-7]
A)The environmental problem.B)The health problem.C)The educational problem.D)The international problem.W: I wonder if our children will still be able to breath the clean air, drink clean water and see the blue sky.M: I agree with you.I think it's time man learned to live in harmony with the earth instead of just exploiting it.Q: What are they talking about?
注：in harmony with 與……和諧相處
[P48-9]
A)They think cinemas are too far away from their homes.B)They are disappointed with the films produced these days.C)They both dislike films about adventure stories.D)They both like the idea of going to the cinema at night.M: I used to go to the cinema a lot.It did make a nice night out, but not now.W: No, I don't either.There aren't any good adventurous stories like the movies they made when I was young.Q: What can be concluded from this conversation?
注：1.film 膠卷，電影
2.have a nice night out 在外面玩一宿
[P50-1]
A)Their parents cut back the loan.B)The woman doesn't want Frank to take another English course.C)They can't pay the rent this month.D)The woman's boss refused to give her a raise.W: Frank, we've got a problem.We don't have enough money to pay the rent this month.I think I'd better ask Mom and Dad for a loan, or ask my boss for a raise.M: Well, I don't know.But maybe I'd better not take another English course this semester.Q: What's the problem they are talking about?
[P50-2]
A)Ask Dr.Smith to alter his decision.B)Ask Dr.Smith to call the library.C)Get the book directly from Dr.Smith.D)Get Dr.Smith's written permission.M: May I take this book out? I need it to work on my paper for Dr.Smith's history class.W: I am afraid not.The book has been put on reserve by Dr.Smith.Unless you have his written permission, we won't let it out.Q: What should the man do to borrow the book?
注：1.put on reserve 保留
2.let it out 借出去
let us out 下課
meet 上課
break up 下課；分手
make up 補考；重歸于好
flame 火焰 old flame 舊情人
a big date 周末玩通宵
blind date 經(jīng)介紹的第一次約會
stand sb.up 放鴿子
go steady 正式確定情侶關(guān)系
play the field 戀愛不專一
[P50-4]
A)He feels unsympathetic.B)He feels it's a pity.C)He feels it's unfair.D)He feels glad.W: By the way, did you hear that Jack failed the midterm English exam? It' s too bad because it'll disqualify him for next year's scholarship.M: He deserved it.He's never really studied since last semester.Q: How does the man feel about Jack's failing the exam?
注：He deserved it.他活該。
語氣詞總結(jié)：
1、糟糕系列：
It's too bad.What a pity!
tough luck It's really tough.Oh no!Uh-uh
shit fuck
2、吃驚系列：
Boy.Man.Oh my.Oh dear.Oh my goodness.Wow
3、贊美系列：
terrific awesome
fantastic wonderful
cool super cool ultra cool
4、贊同系列：
Yeah.You bet.Ah-huh
5、否定系列：
Nope.6、臟話系列：
dummy 笨蛋 idiot 白癡
moron 白癡 jerk 廢物
asshole 混蛋 S.O.B.son of bitch
段子題：忽視題裁，重視結(jié)構(gòu)
一、提前看選項：找出相同詞，確定文章討論范圍；找數(shù)字，準備記錄，聽到什么選什么（短對話中數(shù)字題需要計算，聽到什么不選什么）。
[P28-One]
11.A)They often take place in her major industries.B)British trade unions are more powerful.C)There are more trade union members in Britain.D)Britain loses more working days through strikes every year.12.A)Such strikes are against the British law.B)Such strikes are unpredictable.C)Such strikes involve workers from different trades.D)Such strikes occur frequently these days.13.A)Trade unions in Britain are becoming more popular.B)Most strikes in Britain are against the British law.31 C)Unofficial strikes in Britain are easier to deal with now.D)Employer-worker relations in Britain have become tenser.[P37-Two]
15.A)He has always lived in America.B)He has been in America for three years.C)He visited America three years ago.D)He has come to America to do research on advertising.16.A)There were far more advertisements there than he had expected.B)The advertisements there were well designed.C)The advertisements there were creative and necessary.D)He found the advertisements there difficult to understand.17.A)Be more careful about what they advertise.B)Spend less money on advertising.C)Advertise more for their products.D)Use new advertising techniques.[P57-One]
11.A)About 45 million.B)About 50 million.C)About 5.4 million.D)About 4.5 million.12.A)The actors and actresses are not paid for their performance.B)The actors and actresses only perform in their own communities.C)They exist only in small communities.D)They only put on shows that are educational.32
13.A)It provides them with the opportunity to watch performances for free.B)It provides them with the opportunity to make friends.C)It gives them the chance to do something creative.D)It gives them a chance to enjoy modern art.文章的結(jié)構(gòu)：
1、介紹型文章：介紹新的概念，時間順序，與眾不同。起源、現(xiàn)狀、影響（現(xiàn)實意義）。
2、討論型文章：分析問題，解決問題。
3、對比型文章：對比兩種觀點、理論，說明現(xiàn)實意義。
二、聽兩頭：開頭100％出考題，結(jié)尾也非常重要。
聽到什么選什么。
1、如果選項短，是細節(jié)題，應(yīng)該邊聽邊看選項。
2、如果選項長，是主線題，應(yīng)該專注聽。
結(jié)尾的特點：記重復重現(xiàn)的詞；引導結(jié)果的連詞 therefore, thus, so, as a result, that is，開頭結(jié)尾一般考topic 題
三、中間應(yīng)該抓小詞
first, most, because, only, just, but
強烈的轉(zhuǎn)折，強烈的因果都非常重要。
四、猜題原則
客觀的事實，用常識(common sense)猜題。
歌曲 Sealed with a kiss
Though we're gonna say goodbye for the summer
darling I promise you this
I'll send you all my love everyday in a letter sealed with kiss
Cause it's gonna be a cold lonely summer
But I'll fill the emptiness I'll send you all my love
Everyday in a letter sealed with a kiss
I'll see you in the sunlight
I'll hear your voice everywhere
I'll run to tenderly hold you
But darling you won't be there
I don't wanna say goodbye for the summer
Knowing the love we'll miss
Oh let us make a pledge to meet in September
And sealed with a kiss
Sealed with a kiss sealed with a kiss
注：wanna=want to
gonna=going to
歌曲 Take me home, Country Roads
John Denver
Almost heaven, West Virginia
Blue Ridge Mountains
Shenandoah River
Life is old there
Older than the trees
Younger than the mountains
Growing like a breeze
Country Roads, take me home
To the place I belong
West Virginia, mountain momma
Take me home, country roads
All my memories gathered ?round her
Miner?s lady, stranger to blue water
Dark and dusty, painted on the sky
Misty taste of moonshine
Teardrops in my eye
Country Roads, take me home
To the place I belong
West Virginia, mountain momma
Take me home, country roads
I hear her voice
In the morning hour she calls me
The radio reminds me of my home far away
And driving down the road I get a feeling
That I should have been home yesterday, yesterday
Country Roads, take me home
To the place I belong
West Virginia, mountain momma
Take me home, country roads
Country Roads, take me home
To the place I belong
West Virginia, mountain momma
Take me home, country roads
Take me home, country roads
Take me home, country roads
注：down 往南去
up 往北去
數(shù)字題（客觀題）：聽到什么選什么
中心思想題：文章開頭的名詞，文章中間的高頻詞，選項中的小詞（development, evolution, formation, invention, new, special, effect）
細節(jié)題：first, most, because, only, just
[P28-One]
11.A)They often take place in her major industries.B)British trade unions are more powerful.C)There are more trade union members in Britain.D)Britain loses more working days through strikes every year.12.A)Such strikes are against the British law.B)Such strikes are unpredictable.C)Such strikes involve workers from different trades.D)Such strikes occur frequently these days.13.A)Trade unions in Britain are becoming more popular.B)Most strikes in Britain are against the British law.C)Unofficial strikes in Britain are easier to deal with now.D)Employer-worker relations in Britain have become tenser.Strikes are very common in Britain.They are extremely harmful to its industries.In fact, there are other countries in Western Europe that lose more working days through strikes every year than Britain.The trouble with the strikes in Britain is that they occur in essential industries.There are over 495 unions in Britain.Some unions are very small.Over 20 have more than 100, 000 members.Unions do not exist only to demand higher wages.They also educate their members.They provide benefits for the sick and try to improve working conditions.Trade unioners say that we must thank the unions for the great
improvement in working conditions in the last hundred years.It is now against the law for union members to go on strike without the support of their union.This kind of strike is called the unofficial strike and was common until recently.Employers feel that unofficial strikes were most harmful because they would not be predicted.However, these unofficial strikes still occur from time to time and some unions have also refused to cooperate with the law.As a result, the general picture of the relations between workers and employers in Britain has gone from bad to worse.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.In what way are strikes in Britain different from those in other European countries?（開頭）
12.Why are British employers so afraid of unofficial strikes?（most, because）
13.What conclusion can be drawn from this passage?（結(jié)尾As a result）
注：Unions do not exist only to demand higher wages.【否定轉(zhuǎn)移】
一個句子中（無標點），如果前面是否定，后面表達的是原因、結(jié)果和目的，那么前面的not否定的是句子后面的原因、結(jié)果和目的，而并非是謂語動詞。
I didn't spend 3 hours repairing your vacuum cleaner so that it could sit in the closet.I didn't teach because it's easy.[P49-Two]
15.A)How to handle spiders.B)Spiders in the United States.C)People' s fear of spiders.D)A special kind of spider.16.A)Most spiders will not bite even when handled.B)Most spiders are poisonous and dangerous.C)Most spiders are likely to attack people.D)Most spiders have sharp eyes.17.A)Because she cannot find a husband for herself.B)Because the female spider is larger than the male one.37 C)Because the female spider often eats her husband.D)Because she is a black female spider.You should not fear spiders because of their poison.Of all the spiders in North America, only one kind is really dangerous and most would not bite even if they were handled.They much prefer to run away or to drop to the ground on a thread of silk.Even so, when a spider runs directly toward a person, it gives the impression that it is about to attack.Actually, it cannot see the person in its way.The spider is too short-sighted to see things at a distance.It only wants to go where it will not be disturbed.In the United States one kind of spider is responsible for the frightening reputation of the rest.It is the Black Widow.So called because the female, which is larger than the male, often eats her husband after making love.The Black Widow is found in all states but is most common in the south and the west.She constructs a loose, irregular web under a pile of rowans or near the foundations of buildings where she is seldom disturbed.She is not an attacking spider and many people have proven this by letting her crawl over their hands.When she bites, it is usually in self-defence.In spite of the stories you may have heard, it is rare for a person to be bitten by a Black Widow and even more unusual for the bite to prove fatal.But remember that her poison is powerful and even though she is shy, she should be respected.Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15.What is this passage mainly about?
16.What do we learn about spiders from the passage?（only, most）
17.Why is the spider you just heard about called the Black Widow?（because）
注：You should not fear spiders because of their poison.否定轉(zhuǎn)移
段子題：
1、看選項：找相同詞，確定文章范圍；抓數(shù)字
2、聽兩頭：中心思想
3、抓小詞：細節(jié)題
數(shù)字題（客觀題）：聽到什么選什么
中心思想題：文章開頭的名詞，文章中間的高頻詞，選項中的小詞（development, evolution, formation, invention, new, special, effect）
細節(jié)題：first, most, because, only, just
[P29-Three]
17.A)17,000.38 B)1,700.C)24.D)9,000.18.A)It's located in a college town.B)It's composed of a group of old buildings.C)Its classrooms are beautifully designed.D)Its library is often crowded with students.19.A)Teachers are well paid at Deep Springs.B)Students are mainly from New York State.C)The length of schooling is two years.D)Teachers needn't pay for their rent and meals.20.A)Take a walk in the desert.B)Go to a cinema.C)Watch TV programmes.D)Attend a party.Deep Springs is an American college.It is an unusual college.It is high in the white mountains in California not in a college town.The campus is a collection of old buildings with no beautiful classrooms.The only college-like thing about Deep Springs is its library.Students can study from the 17,000 books 24 hours a day.The library is never crowded as there are only 24 well-qualified male students at the college.In addition, there are only five full-time professors.These teachers believe in the idea of this college.They need to believe in it.They do not get much money.In fact, their salaries are only about 9,000 dollars a year plus room and meals.The school gives the young teachers as well as the students something more important than money.“There is no place like Deep Springs,” says a second-year student from New York State, “Most colleges today are much the same but Deep Springs is not afraid to be different.” He says that students at his college are in a situation quite unlike in the other school.Students are there to learn and they cannot run away from problems.There is no place to escape to.At most colleges, students can close their books and go to a film.They can go out to restaurants or to parties.Deep Springs students have completely different alternatives.They can talk to each other or to their teachers.Another possible activity is to go to the library to study.They might decide to do some work.The student who doesn' t want to do any of these activities can go for a walk in the desert.Deep Springs is far from the world of restaurants and cinemas.There is not even a television set on campus.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.39
17.What is the total number of students at Deep Springs College?
18.What is true of the campus of Deep Springs College?
19.Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
20.What can students at Deep Springs do in their spare time?
注：選項短，細節(jié)題，邊聽邊看選項。
[P32-Three]
17.A)The low cost of its service.B)Its specialization in transporting small packages.C)Being the first airline to send urgent letters.D)Its modern sorting facilities.18.A)10,000.B)35.C)130.D)30.19.A)Because of its location in the country.B)Because of its good airport facilities.C)Because of its size.D)Because of its round-the-clock service.20.A)Its full-time staff.B)The postmen who work in Memphis.C)Students who work in their spare time.D)The staff members of the International Airport.Federal Express is a private airline service which expands the Postal Service in the United States.It is the only U.S.airline specializing in the transportation of small packages-35 kilos or less.40
Federal Express links 130 major U.S.cities and 10,000 surrounding communities.An urgent package picked up in one part of the country this afternoon can be delivered to any other part of the country tomorrow morning.All of the Federal Express jets fly into the International Airport at Memphis, Tennessee, because it is located in the center of the United States.The sorting facility for Federal Express is called “The Hub”.Every night, from about 12 midnight to 3 a.m., the packages are gathered and sorted into shipments for specific destinations.The main labor force is comprised of students working part-time.Since Federal Express started business in 1971, it has flown millions of air kilometers without fail.In the space of one hour, 39 jets will take off to destinations all across the United States.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage yon have just heard.17.What makes the Federal Express so unique in the U.S.airline service business?
18.How many major U.S.cities does Federal Express link?
19.Why do all of the Federal Express jets fly into the International Airport at Memphis, Tennessee?
20.Who comprises the main labour force of Federal Express?
注：1.Federal Express 聯(lián)邦快遞
2.urgent package 快件
[P40-One]
11.A)Because they can't afford to.B)Because they think small houses are more comfortable to live in.C)Because big houses are usually built in the countryside.D)Because they prefer apartments.12.A)Because many young people have moved into comfortable apartments.B)Because many old houses in the bad part of the town are not inhabited.C)Because many older people sell their houses after their children leave.D)Because many people have quit their old house to build new ones.13.A)They have to do their own maintenance.B)They have to furnish their own houses.41
C)They will find it difficult to make the rest of the payment.D)They will find it difficult to dispose of their old-style furniture.[P40-Two]
14.A)They are not active hunters.B)They don't sleep much.C)They are often seen alone.D)They don't eat much.15.A)To catch the birds.B)To look for shade in the heat of the day.C)To catch other animals.D)To look for a kill made by another animal.16.A)They are larger in size.B)They run faster.C)They have to hunt more to feed the young.D)They are not as lazy as the males.[P40-Three]
17.A)Less than 30 minutes.B)From 30 to 45 minutes.C)At least 45 minutes.D)More than 45 minutes.18.A)He should show respect for the interviewer.B)He should show confidence in himself.C)He should talk enthusiastically.42 D)He should be dressed properly.19.A)Speaking confidently but not aggressively.B)Talking loudly to give a lasting impression.C)Talking a lot about the job.D)Speaking politely and emotionally.20.A)Professional knowledge is a decisive factor in job interview.B)Finding a job is more difficult than one can imagine.C)A job seeker should create a good image during an interview.D)Self-confidence is most important for a job seeker.To be successful in a job interview, you should demonstrate certain personal and professional qualities.You need to create a good image in the limited time available, usually from 30 to 45 minutes.You must make a positive impression which the interviewer will remember while he interviews other candidates.The following are some qualities you should especially pay attention to during an interview.First of all, you should take care to appear properly dressed.The right clothes worn at the right time can win respect of the interviewer and his confidence in your judgement.It may not be true that clothes make the man.But the first and often last impression of you is determined by the clothes you wear.Secondly, you should pay close attention to your manner of speaking, since speech is a reflection of personality.You should reflect confidence by speaking in a clear voice, loud enough to be heard, without being aggressive or overpowering.You should be prepared to talk knowledgeably about the requirements of the position you are applying for.Finally, to be really impressive you must convey a sense of self-confidence and enthusiasm for work.If you display these characteristics, with just a little luck, you'll certainly succeed in the typical personnel interview.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17.How long does an interview usually last according to the speaker?
18.How can one give the interviewer a good first impression?
19.What should be the best manner of speaking for a job-seeker during an interview?
20.What is the main idea of the short talk you have just heard?
注：personnel 人事；personal 個人的[P63-One]
11.A)The color of the dog.43
B)The price of the dog.C)Whether the dog will fit the environment.D)Whether the dog will get along with the other pets in the house.12.A)It must be trained so it won't bite.B)It needs more love and care.C)It demands more food and space.D)It must be looked after carefully.13.A)They are less likely to run away.B)It's easier for their masters to train them.C)They are less likely to be shy with human beings.D)It's easier for them to form a relationship with their masters.Most people have had a dog or wanted one as their companion at some time in their lives.If you are thinking of buying a dog, however, you should first decide what sort of companion you need and whether the dog is likely to be happy in the surroundings you can provide.Specialist advice is available to help you choose the most suitable breed of dog.But in part, the decision depends on common sense.Most breeds were originally developed to perform specific tasks.So, if you want a dog to protect you or your house, for example, you should choose a breed that has the right size and characteristics.You must also be ready to devote a good deal of time to train the dog when it is young and give it the exercise it needs throughout its life, unless you live in the country and can let it run freely.Dogs are demanding pets.Whereas cats identify with the house and so are content if their place there is secure, a dog identifies with its master and consequently wants him to show proof of his affection.The best time to buy a baby-dog is when it is between 6 and 8 weeks old so that it can transfer its affection from its mother to its master.If baby dogs have not established a relationship with the human being until they are over three months old, their stronger relationship will always be with dogs.They are likely to be too shy when they are brought out into the world to become good pets.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.What' s mentioned as a consideration in buying a dog?
12.Why does the speaker say a dog is a more demanding pet than a cat?
13.Why is it advised to buy baby dogs under three months old?
注：1.demanding 苛求的
2.consequently = so 因此
consequent 最后一個
subsequent 下一個
[P26-Three]
17.A)More jobs could be provided than before.B)More people could be educated than before.C)More books could be printed and distributed.D)More ways could be used to exchange knowledge.18.A)Around 1400.B)Around 1900.C)Around 400.D)Around 900.19.A)China.B)Sweden.C)Egypt.D)Japan.20.A)More and more paper is being consumed nowadays.B)Paper enables people to receive education more easily.C)The invention of paper is of great significance to man.D)Paper contributes a lot to the keeping of historical records.Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man.Wide spread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap and practical material to write on.The invention of paper meant more people could be educated because more books could be printed and distributed.Together with the printing press, paper provided an extremely important way to communicate knowledge.How much paper do you use every year? Probably you cannot answer that question quickly.In 1900 the world's use of paper was about one kilogram for each person a year.Now some countries use as much as 50 kilograms of paper for each person a year.Countries like the United States, England and Sweden use more paper than other
countries.Paper, like many other things that we use today, was first made in China.In Egypt and the West, paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400.The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material made of a water plant.Europeans used parchment for many hundreds of years.Parchment was very strong;it was made from the skin of certain young animals.We have learnt of the most important facts of European history from records that were kept on parchment.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17.Which of the following is not mentioned about the invention of paper?
18.When did the Egyptians begin to use paper widely?
19.Which of the following countries uses most paper for each person a year?
20.What is the main idea of this short talk?
[P43-Three]
topic 題，四個選項中有and應(yīng)優(yōu)先考慮
題型總結(jié)：
Section A:
1、but 題型
2、場景題（線索詞）
3、替換題（聽到什么不選什么）
Section B:
1、主觀題（找積極態(tài)度，正面評價）
2、客觀題（數(shù)字題，聽到什么選什么）
3、宏觀題（中心思想題）
4、細節(jié)題（注意中間的提示詞）
替換題paraphrase：
1、詞組與詞的替換（一般題干中出現(xiàn)詞組；選項中出現(xiàn)詞）。
比如：run into sb.= meet sb.call off = cancel
2、詞與詞替換（同義詞或者反義詞替換）
比如：interesting = stimulating；fascinating；exciting；not boring
[P25-10]
A)One.B)Four.C)Five.46
D)None.M: I hope there weren?t many visitors when I was away yesterday.W: There wasn?t a single one, Mr.Green.But I received four phone calls before I left the office at about 5:30.Q: How many people visited Mr.Green?s office yesterday?
注：not a single one = none [P27-1]
A)Read four chapters.B)Write an article.C)Speak before the class.D)Preview two chapters.W: What is the home assignment from Professor Smith? I missed the class this morning.M: Finish reading Chapters 5 and 6, and write an essay based on Chapters 3 and 4.Remember, it's your turn to give a presentation next Monday.Q: What will the woman do in addition to the home assignment for the whole class?
注：提醒模式：remember, first, today, now(right now)
[P28-5]
A)No medicine could solve the woman?s problem.B)The woman should eat less to lose some weight.C)Nothing could help the woman if she ate too little.D)The woman should choose the right foods.M: What did your doctor prescribe for you?
W: Well, he said there was no need for me to take any medicine if I ate well-balanced meals.Q: What did the doctor say?
[P30-2]
A)It's too expensive.B)It isn't needed.C)A college would be better.D)It should be built.M: The city council has finally voted the funds to build a new high school.W: It's about time they did it.I don't know what took them so long.Q: What's the woman's opinion about the school?
注：It's about time...強烈的主觀建議，選項中找should
It's time...It's right time...It's just time...It's high time...[P30-3]
A)Jack sold his car.B)Jack's car was stolen.C)Jack bought a new car.D)Jack had a car accident.M: Last night, Jack left his car parked in front of his girl-friend's house and when he came out to go home, it was gone.W: Wow!That's really tough.He just bought it last month, didn't he?
Q: What do you think happened?
注：1.一個完整的句子加個小尾巴都是反義疑問句，其核心是陳述句。
2.it was gone 不見了 it was missing
[P31-7]
A)To work in the flower beds.48 B)To weed the garden.C)To hire a gardener.D)To clean the yard.M: Your yard is always so beautiful, Cathy.You must have a gardener.W: Oh, no.It would cost at least $ 50 a month to hire someone to do the work, so I do most of it myself.I enjoy taking care of the flowers, but I have to force myself to do the weeding and cut the grass.Q: What does Cathy like to do?
注：weed 雜草 grass 草
[P31-9]
A)The man thinks the woman is wasting her time.B)The man thinks the woman should make full use of her time.C)The man can wait and there is no need for her to hurry.D)The man is eager to know the woman's answer.W: I have to think about your offer.I can't say “yes” or “no” at the moment.M: You can take your time.It will do if you let me know your decision in a day or two.Q: Which of the following is true?
注：1.You can take your time.不著急。There's no rush.What's the rush?
2.do =do some good/ work/ help 解決問題，起作用，好用，好使
[P33-2]
A)It was pretty good.B)It was rather dull.C)It was not well organized.D)It was attended by many people.W: Let's talk about the preparations for the party.49
M: Right.We really need to plan better this time.Remember what a mess it was at the last party!
Q: What do we know about the last party?
注：1.dull（人）笨；（書）boring；（刀）鈍 2.mess 亂糟糟
[P36-3]
A)She has to change the time for the trip.B)She hasn't decided where to go next month.C)She can't afford the time for the trip.D)She will manage to leave this month.M: You?re going to make a trip to San Francisco, aren?t you?
W: Yes.But I haven?t got the plane ticket yet.I?m thinking of postponing the trip to next month since this is the busiest month for the airlines.Q: What do we know about the woman from this conversation?
注：trip 旅行；摔跟頭
機場場景：
1、票已售完
2、接人晚點
3、送人傷感
態(tài)度方向題 建議題 復合式聽寫
Section A
1、but 題型（3個）
2、場景題（3個）
3、替換題（3個）
4、態(tài)度方向題、建議題（1個）
態(tài)度方向（Yes or No）題型
選項中一般有兩個相反選項。短對話中第一個人提出一個觀點或一個一般疑問句，第二個人的回答Yes or No，后面再進一步解釋原因。
表示“Yes”“贊同”的一組詞：And...；I'll say；You said it.；You can say that again.；and how；isn't it, though；aren't they, though；You bet.；Of course；Certainly；Indeed；Sure.表示“No”的一組詞：Are you kidding/ joking/ serious? No kidding/ joking.Who told you that? Says who/ you? Where did you an idea like that?
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