第一篇：2001年英語專業(yè)八級考試語言學(xué)試題.doc

2001年英語專業(yè)八級考試語言學(xué)試題及解析

1.______ is the study of how sentences are structured.A.Linguistics.B.Syntax.C.Phonology.D.Phonetics.2._______ distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics as langue and parole.A.Chomsky.B.Saussure.C.Gilman.D.Brown.3.Of the following words, _____ is an acronym.A.Marlboro.B.UN.C.Laser.D.WTO.2001年英語專業(yè)八級考試語言學(xué)試題答案與解析

答案：1.B2.B3.C

試題解析：

1.研究句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語言學(xué)分支稱為句法學(xué)（syntax）。故答案為B。

2.索緒爾（Saussure）被后人稱為現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)之父，他把說話者的語言能力和語言的實(shí)際 現(xiàn)象或語料區(qū)分為語言（langue）和言語（parole）。喬姆斯基（Chomsky）是美國語言學(xué)家，他區(qū)分了語言能力（competence）和語言運(yùn)用（performance）兩個(gè)概念。吉爾曼（Gilman）和布朗（Brown）都是社會(huì)語言學(xué)家。故正確選項(xiàng)為B。

3.acronym為首字母縮略詞，由一組詞中各主要詞的第一個(gè)字母縮合而成，朗讀時(shí)可按普通發(fā)音規(guī)則來讀，Laser就是以這種方式構(gòu)成的，Laser=Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation受激光輻射式光頻放大器。Initialism首字母縮略式是由詞的第一個(gè)字母或詞組中各詞的第一個(gè)字母縮合形成，縮略式中的每個(gè)字母要大寫，朗讀時(shí)按字母來讀。故正確選項(xiàng)為C。

考點(diǎn)分析：2001年英語專業(yè)八級考試人文知識(shí)中英語語言學(xué)知識(shí)測試內(nèi)容涉及教材中前六章中的基本內(nèi)容。一道題測試第四章句法學(xué)的概念；一道題考核對第一章語言學(xué)簡介中與語言學(xué)重要概念區(qū)分相關(guān)的語言學(xué)家基本知識(shí)；另一道題測試第三章形態(tài)學(xué)中有關(guān)構(gòu)詞法的知識(shí)。

第二篇：英語專業(yè)八級 語言學(xué) 總結(jié)

英語專業(yè)八級 語言學(xué) 總結(jié)

語言學(xué)總結(jié)

一、語言和語言學(xué)

1、語言的區(qū)別性特征：Design of features oflanguage

任意性arbitrariness指語言符號(hào)和它代表的意義沒有天然的聯(lián)系

二重性duality指語言由兩層結(jié)構(gòu)組成創(chuàng)造性creativity指語言可以被創(chuàng)造

移位性displacement指語言可以代表時(shí)間和空間上不可及的物體、時(shí)間、觀點(diǎn)

2、語言的功能（不是很重要）

信息功能 informative

人際功能 interpersonal

施為功能 performative

感情功能 emotive function

寒暄功能 phatic communication

娛樂功能 recreational function

元語言功能 metalingual function3、語言學(xué)主要分支

語音學(xué) phonetics研究語音的產(chǎn)生、傳播、接受過程，考查人類語言中的聲音音位學(xué) phonology 研究語音和音節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)、分布和序列

形態(tài)學(xué) morphology 研究詞的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和構(gòu)詞規(guī)則

句法學(xué) syntax研究句子結(jié)構(gòu)，詞、短語組合的規(guī)則

語義學(xué) semantics不僅關(guān)心字詞作為詞匯的意義，還有語言中詞之上和之下的意義。如語素和句子的意義

語用學(xué) pragmatics在語境中研究意義

4、宏觀語言學(xué) macrolingustics

心理語言學(xué) psycholinguistics 社會(huì)語言學(xué) sociolinguistics人類語言學(xué) anthropological linguistics 計(jì)算機(jī)語言學(xué) computational linguistics

5語言學(xué)中的重要區(qū)別

規(guī)定式和描寫式：規(guī)定式：prescriptive說明事情應(yīng)該是怎么樣的描寫式：descriptive 說明事情本來是怎么樣的共時(shí)研究和歷時(shí)研究：共時(shí)：synchronic 研究某個(gè)特定時(shí)期語言

歷時(shí)：diachronic研究語言發(fā)展規(guī)律

語言和言語：語言：langue指語言系統(tǒng)的整體

言語：parole指具體實(shí)際運(yùn)用的語言

語言能力和語言運(yùn)用：喬姆斯基(chomsky提出)

能力：competence用語言的人的語言知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備

運(yùn)用：performance 真實(shí)的語言使用者在實(shí)際中的語言使用

二、語音學(xué)

1、語音學(xué)分支

發(fā)音語音學(xué)articulatory phonetics研究語言的產(chǎn)生

聲學(xué)語言學(xué)acoustic phonetics 研究語音的物理屬性

聽覺語音學(xué) auditory phonetics 研究語言怎樣被感知IPA（國際音標(biāo)）是由daniel Jones瓊斯提出的三、音位學(xué)

1、最小對立體minimal pairs2、音位 phoneme

3音位變體 allophones

4互補(bǔ)分布 complementary distribution

5自由變體free variation

6區(qū)別特征distinctive features

7超音段特征 suprasegmental feature

音節(jié) syllable 重音stress 語調(diào)tone 聲調(diào)intonation

四 形態(tài)學(xué)

1詞的構(gòu)成語素morpheme 自由語素free morpheme 粘著語素bound morpheme

Root 詞根詞綴affix詞干stem

屈折詞匯和派生詞匯 inflectional affix and derivational affix

2特有的詞匯變化lexical change proper

新創(chuàng)詞語invention混拼詞blending縮寫詞abbreviation

首字母縮寫詞 acronym逆構(gòu)詞匯back-formation例：editor—edit

類推構(gòu)詞analogiacal creation 例：work-worked，slay-slayed

外來詞 borrowing

五 句法學(xué)

1范疇category數(shù)number性gender格case時(shí)tense體aspect

一致關(guān)系concord支配關(guān)系govenrment

2結(jié)構(gòu)主義學(xué)派the structure approach

組合關(guān)系 syntagmatic relation詞和詞組合在一起

聚合關(guān)系 paradigmatic 具有共同的語法作用的詞聚在一起

結(jié)構(gòu)和成分 construction and constituents :句子不僅是線性結(jié)構(gòu)liner structure還是層級結(jié)構(gòu)hierarchical structure(句子或短語被稱為結(jié)構(gòu)體，而構(gòu)成句子或短語即結(jié)構(gòu)體的稱為成分)

3直接成分分析法 immediate constitutional analysis

指把句子分成直接成分－短語，再把這些短語依次切分，得到下一集直接成分，這樣層層切分，直到不能再分

4向心結(jié)構(gòu)和離心結(jié)構(gòu)endocentric and exocentric constructions

向心：指一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中有中心詞，例an old man ,中心為man

離心：指結(jié)構(gòu)中沒有明顯的中心詞。例：on the shelf

5生成學(xué)派the generative approach

深層結(jié)構(gòu)deep structure指機(jī)構(gòu)關(guān)系中的潛在層面underlying level

表層結(jié)構(gòu)surface structure指結(jié)構(gòu)形成的最后結(jié)果階段final stage

6功能學(xué)派the functional approach

主位與述位 theme and rheme

主位：談話中已知的信息,說話者從它談起known，述位：與說話者內(nèi)容有關(guān)的內(nèi)容what the speaker states about

7交際力communicative and dynamism簡稱CD

指句子成分對交際發(fā)展所作的貢獻(xiàn)的程度

六、語義學(xué)

1利奇的意義七分法Leech and his 7 types of meaning

概念意義conceptual meaning 字面意義

內(nèi)涵意義connotative meaning 實(shí)際交往過程中所指的事物

社會(huì)意義

情感意義 affective meaning

反射意義 reflective meaning 由一個(gè)詞語聯(lián)想起來的另外一種意義

搭配意義 collocative meaning

主位意義 thematic meaning 通過調(diào)整信息的順序和強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容所表達(dá)的意義

2指稱論 referential theory

指將詞的意義和他所指的食物聯(lián)系起來的意義理論

3語義三角semantic triangle 奧格登和理查茲提出

Symbol或form 指語言要素（如詞和語素），the linguistic elements

能指thought指概念concept

所指reference 指經(jīng)驗(yàn)世界中的物體the object in the word of experience涵義sense語言形式的意義

4主要涵義關(guān)系

○同義關(guān)系synonymy

地域同義詞dialectal synonymy

風(fēng)格同義詞 stylistic synonyms

感情同義詞 synonymys that differ in connotation意義相同，但內(nèi)涵不同，有褒有貶

○反義關(guān)系antonymy

等級反義關(guān)系gradable antonymy 例cool-warm;hot-cold

互補(bǔ)反義關(guān)系 complementary antonymy,肯定A就否定B，否定B 就肯定A，例dead-alive

反向反義關(guān)系converse antonymy.reversal of a relationshipbetween 2 enti

ties.例 husband-wife;teacher-student

○上下義關(guān)系hyponymy 意義包含關(guān)系。例：花－水仙、玫瑰、百合補(bǔ)充：同音同形異義關(guān)系homonymy

一詞多義 polysemy

七、語用學(xué)

1言語行為理論speech act theory奧斯汀提出John Langshaw Austin

認(rèn)為人在說話的同時(shí)也在進(jìn)行一定的行為動(dòng)作

○施為句和敘事句performative and constative

施為句：實(shí)施某種行為。

敘事句：描述說話人在說話時(shí)所作的動(dòng)作。

○行事行為理論a theory of the illocutionary act

言內(nèi)行為：locutionnary act表述字面意思

言外行為：illoutionary act 因?yàn)檠哉Z本身的習(xí)慣力量隨之產(chǎn)生的其他一些行為言后行為：perlocutionnary act 話語在聽者身上產(chǎn)生的效果

2會(huì)話含義理論 the theory of conversational implicature

格賴斯提出Herbert Paul Grice

○合作原則:說話人和聽話人為達(dá)一定的交際目的，都有一種默契，一種都遵循的原則○ 四個(gè)準(zhǔn)則four categories of maxims

數(shù)量、質(zhì)量、關(guān)系、方式(manner)準(zhǔn)則

3后格賴斯時(shí)期的發(fā)展

○關(guān)聯(lián)理論：relevance theory:交際應(yīng)被看做一種表明自身說話意圖的行為every act of ostensive(直接表明的)communication communicates the presumption of its own optimal relevance

○數(shù)量關(guān)系和關(guān)系原則the Q-and R-principles

由霍恩Laurence Horn 提出

八 現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)理論和流派

1索緒爾Saussure瑞士語言學(xué)家，“現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)之父”或者“使語言學(xué)科走向現(xiàn)代的大師” 2布拉格學(xué)派Prague School

貢獻(xiàn):共時(shí)語言學(xué)研究，從“功能”角度看待語言，強(qiáng)調(diào)語言的系統(tǒng)性，把語言看做一種功能

突出貢獻(xiàn)：語音學(xué)說，及其劃分語音學(xué)和音位學(xué)

突出：Trubetzkoy特魯別茨柯依：提出語音學(xué)屬于言語，音位學(xué)屬于語言，提出音位概念

4倫敦學(xué)派 the Lundon School:系統(tǒng)語言學(xué)和功能語言學(xué)

創(chuàng)始人：弗斯Firth.人物：弗斯受馬林諾夫斯基影響。韓禮德為新弗斯派領(lǐng)袖三人都強(qiáng)調(diào)語言環(huán)境和語言系統(tǒng)的重要性

韓禮德和系統(tǒng)功能語法：由系統(tǒng)語法和功能語法構(gòu)成。把實(shí)際使用的語言現(xiàn)象作為研究對象

5美國結(jié)構(gòu)主義American Structuralism

共時(shí)語言學(xué)分支，由博厄斯提出F.Bos.○撒皮爾-沃爾夫假說Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

語言相對論-語言決定論

○布隆菲爾德Bloomfield《語言論》－20世紀(jì)被大西洋兩岸同時(shí)奉為科學(xué)的方法論典范和語言學(xué)領(lǐng)域的杰出代表。描述語言學(xué)的代表人物轉(zhuǎn)換生成語法transformational–generative grammar

喬姆斯基提出Chomsky.認(rèn)為語言是某種天賦，語言習(xí)得機(jī)制Language Acquisition device

第三篇：2011年英語專業(yè)八級考試語言學(xué)試題答案與解析.doc

2011年英語專業(yè)八級考試語言學(xué)試題答案與解析

答案： 1.C2.A3.C

試題解析:

1.認(rèn)知語言學(xué)是語言學(xué)的一門分支學(xué)科，它以第2代認(rèn)知科學(xué)和體驗(yàn)哲學(xué)為理論背景，在反對主流語言學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)換生成語法的基礎(chǔ)上誕生，大約在1980年代后期至1990年代開始成型。認(rèn)知語言學(xué)涉及人工智能、語言學(xué)、心理學(xué)、系統(tǒng)論等多種學(xué)科。它針對生成語言學(xué)天賦觀，提出：語言的創(chuàng)建、學(xué)習(xí)及運(yùn)用，基本上都能夠通過人類的認(rèn)知而加以解釋，因?yàn)檎J(rèn)知能力是人類知識(shí)的根本。題目中關(guān)于語言和心理關(guān)系的研究是認(rèn)知語言學(xué)研究的內(nèi)容。故選擇C。

2.英語語音分為元音和輔音兩大類。區(qū)分元音和輔音的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是氣流是否受到阻礙。氣流由肺部發(fā)出，在口腔和喉部不受任何阻礙，通常聲帶振動(dòng)，這樣發(fā)出的音叫元音。氣流由肺部送出時(shí)，或者完全受阻，或者部分受阻，或者因出口太窄，空氣流出時(shí)產(chǎn)生摩擦，或者氣流在口腔受到阻礙而由鼻腔發(fā)出，這樣發(fā)出的音稱為輔音。故選擇A。

3.某一地區(qū)或國家的居民使用幾種語言（通常在三種或三種以上）的現(xiàn)象稱為多語制。多語現(xiàn)象在一些西非國家（如尼日利亞、加納）、馬來西亞、新加坡和以色列等國家普遍存在。故選擇C。

考點(diǎn)分析：2011年英語專業(yè)八級考試人文知識(shí)中英語語言學(xué)知識(shí)測試內(nèi)容仍然涉及教材中

第二章語音學(xué)（phonetics）、第八章語言與社會(huì)（language and society）和第十二章語言與大腦（language and brain）中基本概念和基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的理解。

第四篇：1996年高等院校英語專業(yè)八級考試翻譯試題

1996年高等院校英語專業(yè)八級考試

C-E原文：

近讀報(bào)紙，對國內(nèi)名片和請柬的議論頗多，于是想起客居巴黎時(shí)經(jīng)常見到的法國人手中的名片和請柬，隨筆記下來，似乎不無借鑒之處。在巴黎，名目繁多的酒會(huì)，冷餐會(huì)是廣交朋友的好機(jī)會(huì)。在這種場合陌生人相識(shí)，如果是亞洲人，他們往往開口之前先畢恭畢敬地用雙手把自己的名片呈遞給對方，這好像是不可缺少的禮節(jié)。然而，法國人一般卻都不大主動(dòng)遞送名片，雙方見面寒暄幾句，甚至海闊天空地聊一番也就各自走開，只有當(dāng)雙方談話投機(jī)，希望繼續(xù)交往時(shí)，才會(huì)主動(dòng)掏出名片。二話不說先遞名片反倒顯得有些勉強(qiáng)。

法國人的名片講究樸素大方，印制精美，但很少有鑲金邊兒的，閃光多彩的或帶香味的，名片上的字體纖細(xì)秀麗，本人的名字也不過分突出，整張紙片上空白很大，毫無擁擠不堪的感覺。

參考譯文：

Version 1:

In reading recent newspapers, I have come to find that people in China have become more and more interested in discussing name cards and invitation letters.This reminds me of the name cards and invitation1

letters of the French people that I saw when I was sojourning in Paris.In writing down those random reminiscences, I believe that they might provide some useful information for us to learn.The French tend to take extraordinary precaution in making their name cards, simple yet elegant.Exquisitely designed and printed, their name cards are seldom golden-framed, or colorfully shiny, or tinted with fragrant smells.The letters which appearing on their name cards tend to be diminutive but beautiful, not allowing the name of the card-bearer t be overly prominent / salient.The entire card leaves much empty space, imparting no sense of over-crowdedness.Version 2:

Recently, I find from newspapers that people at home are interested in cards, name and invitation alike.This reminds me of my experiences in Paris.Random as they may seem, I write them down.Perhaps, the French way of handling name cards and invitation cards provide some useful lessons for us.The French people’s name cards are simple but elegant.They are seldom golden-framed, colorfully shiny, or with fragrance.Words on the cards are very fine and beautiful, and the name of the bearer does not stand particularly out.Their cards leave much space, and incur no over-crowdedness whatsoever.Version 3:

In Paris, cocktail parties and buffet receptions of different kinds offer great opportunities for making friends.On such occasions, strangers may get to know each other.If they are Asians, they will, very respectfully and with both hands, present their calling cards to their interlocutors before any conversation starts.This seems to be the required courtesy on their part.The French, however, usually are not so ready with such a formality.Both sides will greet each other, and even chat casually about any topic and then excuse themselves.Only when they find they like each other and hope to further the relationship will they exchange cards.It will seem very unnatural to do so before any real conversation gets under way.E-C英譯漢

Four mouths before the Election Day, five men gathered in a small conference room at the Reagan-Bush headquarters and reviewed an oversize calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign.It was the last Saturday in June and at ten o’clock in the morning the rest of the office was practically deserted.Even so, the men kept the door shut and drapes carefully drawn.The three principals and their two deputies had come form around the country for a critical

meeting.Their aim was to devise a strategy that would guarantee Ronald Reagan’s resounding reelection to a second term in the White House.It should have been easy.They were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ties to the Republican Party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country.The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation’s economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession.Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for top-flight staff, travel, and television commercials.And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills.Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John F.Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America – a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government.參考譯文：這應(yīng)該不是件難事。這都是些跟著里根多年、久經(jīng)沙場的老將，他們跟共和黨則有更深厚的淵源，是這個(gè)國家里最熟悉總統(tǒng)政治的人。競選的背景也很有利，也很多好消息可供炒作。例如，美國上下一片和平，美國經(jīng)濟(jì)這一競選要素也在經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間的衰退之后開始強(qiáng)勁反彈。此外，這次競選本身得到了慷慨資助，因此有充裕的資金用于組織一流的競選班子、支付巡回演講和電視廣告的費(fèi)用。而最重要的一點(diǎn)是，他們的候選人是羅納德·里根，他可是位極具個(gè)人魅力和溝通技巧的總統(tǒng)。自約翰·F·肯尼迪總統(tǒng)以來，里根是最成功地勾勒出美國藍(lán)圖的總統(tǒng)：一個(gè)軍事力量復(fù)興、富有個(gè)人進(jìn)取心、聯(lián)邦政府得以精簡的國家。

這應(yīng)該不是件難事。這都是些跟著里根多年、久經(jīng)沙場的老將，他們跟共和黨則有更深厚的淵源，是這個(gè)國家里最熟悉總統(tǒng)政治的人。競選的背景也很有利，也很多好消息可供炒作。例如，美國上下一片和平，美國經(jīng)濟(jì)這一競選要素也在經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間的衰退之后開始強(qiáng)勁反彈。此外，這次競選本身得到了慷慨資助，因此有充裕的資用于組織一流的競選班子、支付巡回演講和電視廣告的費(fèi)用。而最重要的一點(diǎn)是，他們的候選人是羅納德?里根，他可是位極具個(gè)人魅力和溝通技巧的總統(tǒng)。自約翰?F?肯尼迪總統(tǒng)以來，里根是最成功地勾勒出美國藍(lán)圖的總統(tǒng)：一個(gè)軍事力量復(fù)興、富有個(gè)人進(jìn)取心、聯(lián)邦政府得以精簡的國家。

第五篇：2009英語專業(yè)八級考試全真試題--參考答案

無憂英語編輯整理英語四級、英語六級、專業(yè)四級、專業(yè)八級考試歷年真題 聽力下載 模擬預(yù)測試題下載

09專八人文知識(shí)參考答案，環(huán)球時(shí)代提供，僅供參考

31、（D）the monarch of the United Kingdom32、（B）Edinburgh.33、（A）Thomas Jefferson.34、（C）Sydney35、（D）Percy B.Shelley36、（B）Walt Whitman.37、（C）D.H.Lawrence.38、（D）psycholinguistics.39、（C）pidgin.40、（A）an illocutionary act.09專八翻譯參考答案 24EN.COM提供，僅供參考

1.中譯英題目

手機(jī)刷新了人與人之間的關(guān)系。會(huì)議室的門口通常貼著一張通告，請與會(huì)者關(guān)閉手機(jī)?？墒菚?huì)議室里的手機(jī)依然響成一片。我們都是普通人，沒有多少重要的事。盡管如此，我們也不會(huì)輕易關(guān)掉手機(jī)。打開手機(jī)象征著我們與這個(gè)世界的聯(lián)系。手機(jī)反映出我們的“社交饑渴癥?！弊顬槌Ｒ姷氖牵粋€(gè)人在路上走著走著，忽然停下來盯著手機(jī)屏幕發(fā)短信，不管是在馬路中間還是廁所旁邊。

參考答案：

Cell phone has altered human relations.There is usually a note on the door of conference room, which reads “close your handset|.” However, the rings are still resounding in the room.We are all common people and has few urgencies to do.Still, we are reluctant to turn off the phone.Cell phone symbolizes our connection with the world and reflects our “thirst for socialization.” We are familiar with the scene when a person stops his steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at his phone, disregard of his location, whether in road center or beside restroom.2.英譯中題目

We, the human species, are confronting a planetary emergencythough not all-of its consequences, if we act boldly, decisively and quickly.However, despite a growing number of honorable exceptions, too many of the world's leaders are still best described in the words Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitler's threat: “They go on in strange paradox, decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, adamant for drift, solid for fluidity, all powerful to be impotent.”

So today, we dumped another 70 million tons of global-warming pollution into the thin shell of atmosphere surrounding our planet, as if it were an open sewer.And tomorrow, we will dump a slightly larger amount, with the

cumulative concentrations now trapping more and more heat from the sun.參考答案：

我們?nèi)祟?，正面臨全球性的危機(jī)，我們的生存和文明受到威脅。盡管我們聚在一起共商對策，而災(zāi)難卻在擴(kuò)大，形式不容樂觀。但也有令人欣喜的消息：如果行動(dòng)大膽果斷，反應(yīng)迅速，我們有能力解決這場危機(jī)，避免其向最壞的方向發(fā)展。

但是，時(shí)下世界上的許多國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人可以用當(dāng)年溫斯頓·丘吉爾批評歐洲諸政要忽視阿道夫·希特勒的名言來形容，“它們在奇怪的悖論中前行，僅僅為一個(gè)決定而猶豫不決，有了決心卻拖泥帶水，信心猶疑不定，見解隨波逐流，掌權(quán)者虛弱無力?！?/p>

而如今我們向這個(gè)星球脆弱的大氣層傾倒超過七千萬噸溫室氣體，把其當(dāng)作天然排污口。明天我們還會(huì)變本加厲，堆積的溫室氣體吸納了越來越多的太陽熱度。

09專八作文參考范文 滬江博客逍遙哥哥提供 僅供參考

09專八作文題目：Are dialects just as acceptable in public places?

Instruction:

Mandarin, or putonghua, is the standard service sector language in China.However lately some employees of a metropolis subway company start using dialects to cater to the requirements of people from different areas in order to render better service.Opponents sees the countering effects of such movement to the national policy of promoting mandarin across China.Write in 400 words your opinion and support your argument and bring your essay to a natural conclusion.范文一：

China's State Administration of Radio Film and Television(SARFT)recently issued a notice banning domestic radio and TV stations from translating foreign radio and TV programmes into any local dialect.The notice said that such dialect translation contradicts the national initiative to promote Putonghua, or Mandarin, around the country.Foreign programmes that have been translated into dialects must be removed from television and radio immediately.The notice evoked a mixed response from experts and audio and video producers, as well as the general public.Many voiced their concerns that local dialects would be fornidden in public places.Mandarian, which means “common language”, is the country's predominant language and is widely used by more than 70 percent of the population.However, local dialects still enjoy pupularity for relatively less-educated people in some occasions.The dialects do make unique role and should be tolerated for existence in public places.Though promoted widely in public places, dialects are acceptable in public places.First, it is more than a mere tool for communication.It is, most importantly, the messenger of its respective culture.If the dialect was eliminated from daily use, the culture will be broken.Second, Mandarian can absorb the elit part of local dialect to enrich its vovabulary and usuge.This is the perfection of Mandartian from thousands of years blend and contact.The dialects can also be popular in the public.Along with the famous short play by comic actors in NE China, the local dialect came into the splotlight, and enjoyed more pupulatity throughout China.Such a cultural phenomenon represents the audience an attitude to local dialects which cater to the taste of the majority.Third, dialect is the only mean of

communicate.To sum up, local dialects should be tolerated in public places for its unique role which Mandarian can not substitute.We should guartee its survival because dialects stand for our spiritual land.From a long-term perspective, dialects should not and would not be wiped out.There is no need for any purposeful and deliberate attempt to protect dialects.Just let dialects take their natural course.The best way to protect a dialect is to use it in daily life and pass it down from generation to generation.范文二：

Recently, China's State Administration of Radio Film and Television(SARFT)banned domestic radio and TV stations from translating foreign radio and TV programmes into any local dialect.According to the SARFT such dialect translation is of great damage for the national initiative to promote Mandarin all over the country.Therefore, foreign programmes that have been translated into dialects must be eliminated from television and radio as soon as possible.As a result, the opinion on this prohibition varys from person to person.Some people support this prohibition.While others express their concerns about this prohibition.These people who express their concern about this prohibition believe that the dialects still enjoy good popularity all over the country.The dialects do make unique role and should be toleratedfor existence in public places.From my point of view, I believe dialects are acceptable in public places.First of all, it is a kind of culture instead of a tool for communication.It is the messenger of its respective culture.If the dialect is totally eliminate from our life, the culture will be damaged and our life will be a little bit boring.Secondly, dailects can enrich the content of Mandarian and give a long-term development of Mandarian.The dialect in Northeast China also brings a lot of fun and happiness to the Chinese in recent years through the television and the internet.Such a cultural phenomenon represents the audience an attitude to local dialects which cater to the taste of the majority.Third, dialect is alsp the only way of communication to some undereducated local people.If local dialects are fobbiden in the public places, they can not communicate.Therefore, I safely come to the conclusion that local dialects should be tolerated in public places for its unique role which Mandarian can not replace.We should guartee its existance because dialects stand for our culture.From a long-term perspective, dialects should not and would not be prohibited.There is no need for any purposeful and deliberate attempt to protect dialects.Just let dialects take their natural course.09專八改錯(cuò)題目 Proofreading & Error Correction:

題目及參考答案由博客小城之戀提供，僅供參考。

The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes

from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference(1)_____

between shcool lore and nursery lore.In nursery lore a verse, learnt

in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the little listener(2)_____

has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren.(3)_____

The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitting

It may be something from twenty to seventy years.With the playground(4)_____

lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed on whtin the very hour(5)_____

it is learnt;and in the general, it passes between children of the(6)_____

same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in age

between playmates to be more than five years.If therefore, a playground

rhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years, or(7)_____

even just for fifty, it follows that it has been retransmitting over

and over;very possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three(8)_____

hundred young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live(9)_____

after so much handling, to let alone that it bears resemblance to the(10)____

original wording.09專八改錯(cuò)參考答案，僅供參考，歡迎指正。

（1）illustrated，承接has shown and illustrated...版本二：the改為a

(2)the little listener改為a little listener,因?yàn)槭遣淮_指

版本二：when改為until

（3）their改為his以于上文匹配

（4）something 改為somewhere，前者少指時(shí)間之長短

版本二：something改為anything

（5）therefore顯然應(yīng)為however

(6)in the general去掉the

(7)currently 改為current

(8)it has passed along 改為 it has been passed

版本二：over and over 后面加again

(9)live 改為 alive

(10)to let alone去掉to 改為 let alone

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