第一篇：采礦工程本科自我鑒定

自我鑒定

（內(nèi)容較多，可自行刪除部分內(nèi)容。）

雖然在職,但是我不滿足于自己的知識(shí),為了提高自己的業(yè)務(wù)水平和能力，我利用業(yè)余時(shí)間參加了函授,希望不斷地學(xué)習(xí)和完善自己,讓自己能夠更好地勝任自己的工作。

三年來(lái),在自己的勤奮學(xué)習(xí)和努力工作實(shí)踐下,在思想認(rèn)識(shí),業(yè)務(wù)知識(shí)等方面都有了很大的提高。

政治思想上，本人有堅(jiān)定的政治方向，熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)，熱愛(ài)人民，擁護(hù)中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，熱愛(ài)礦山事業(yè)。函授期間，我努力遵守學(xué)校的各項(xiàng)規(guī)章制度，培養(yǎng)自己的興趣愛(ài)好。尊敬師長(zhǎng)，熱愛(ài)自己的班級(jí)，與班級(jí)同學(xué)和睦相處，且關(guān)系融洽。班中事務(wù)主動(dòng)參與，且樂(lè)此不疲。學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度上，我已圓滿的完成了學(xué)院規(guī)定的課程。函授雖三年，但真正參加面授的時(shí)間只有幾個(gè)月，所以我非常珍惜面授的時(shí)間。上課期間，我保持以往學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)代的風(fēng)格，不遲到、不早退。有要事則向班主任請(qǐng)假。上課認(rèn)真聽(tīng)老師的講解，作好學(xué)習(xí)筆記，并把自己的困惑拿出來(lái)和老師共同探討。對(duì)老師布置的作業(yè)，我從來(lái)都是不折不扣的高質(zhì)量的完成。因?yàn)槲疑钌蠲靼走@是我提高自己水平和能力的機(jī)會(huì)。

通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)三年的函授經(jīng)歷，使我養(yǎng)成了良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣和方法。讓我逐漸學(xué)會(huì)了該如何面對(duì)新知識(shí)進(jìn)行自學(xué)，然后對(duì)其進(jìn)一步深入理解和掌握運(yùn)用，在邊工作邊學(xué)習(xí)中，我合理安排空閑時(shí)間，認(rèn)真研讀教材，然后整理有關(guān)要點(diǎn)、重點(diǎn)做好筆記；最后做到理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際，學(xué)以致用。這些學(xué)習(xí)的方法和習(xí)慣，將會(huì)使我受益終生。函授本科文憑不應(yīng)該是我追求的終點(diǎn)，而是我走向新生活尋 求更高發(fā)展的新起點(diǎn)，我將努力向更高的知識(shí)高峰繼續(xù)攀登，并以此作為回報(bào)社會(huì)的資本和依據(jù)，為祖國(guó)的礦山事業(yè)的發(fā)展做出自己應(yīng)盡的社會(huì)責(zé)任和貢獻(xiàn)！

第二篇：采礦工程自我鑒定

采礦工程自我鑒定

為了提高自己的業(yè)務(wù)水平和能力，我參加了2013 年的成人高考，考取了中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)的采礦工程專(zhuān)業(yè)。于是開(kāi)始了三年的學(xué)習(xí)。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)，本人各方面都有了較大的提高。

（一）政治思想上。本人一名優(yōu)秀的共產(chǎn)黨員，有堅(jiān)定的政治方向，熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)，熱愛(ài)人民，擁護(hù)中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，熱愛(ài)神圣的教育事業(yè)。函授期間，我努力遵守學(xué)校的各項(xiàng)規(guī)章制度，培養(yǎng)方面的興趣，充實(shí)自己。

(二)學(xué)習(xí)目的及態(tài)度。參加成人高考的目的是使自己具備更強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力，有豐厚的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備。2015年我已圓滿的完成了學(xué)院規(guī)定的課程。函授雖三年，但真正參加面授的時(shí)間只有幾個(gè)月，所以我非常珍惜面授的時(shí)間。上課期間，我保持以往學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)代的風(fēng)格，不遲到、不早退。有要事則向班主任請(qǐng)假。上課認(rèn)真聽(tīng)老師的講解，作好學(xué)習(xí)筆記，并把自己的困惑拿出來(lái)和老師共同探討。因?yàn)槲疑钌蠲靼祝哼@是我提高自己水平和能力的機(jī)會(huì)。

(三)收獲和體會(huì)。平時(shí)我喜歡各類(lèi)有關(guān)礦業(yè)書(shū)籍，并且通過(guò)工作和自學(xué)，我對(duì)礦山機(jī)電有了興趣，并在其中積累了豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。函授學(xué)習(xí)使我感受到自身對(duì)礦業(yè)的熱愛(ài)，并促使我研讀各種專(zhuān)業(yè)書(shū)籍，并把它與平時(shí)的實(shí)踐工作相結(jié)合。做到學(xué)以致用。

(四)工作與學(xué)習(xí)的處理上。在我工作期間，做好了工作學(xué)習(xí)兩不誤，工作與學(xué)習(xí)完好相結(jié)合，我一邊盡力做好自己的本職工作，一邊我把我學(xué)到得知識(shí)系統(tǒng)的歸納，科學(xué)有效的結(jié)合現(xiàn)在的工作崗位，充分發(fā)揮理論和實(shí)踐應(yīng)用的結(jié)合，這樣我的個(gè)人素質(zhì)也提高了，業(yè)務(wù)能力也提高了。特別是我學(xué)習(xí)的《煤礦開(kāi)采技術(shù)》、《礦山通風(fēng)與安全》、《礦山電工》、《計(jì)算機(jī)基礎(chǔ)》等知識(shí)，使我在工作中得到更多應(yīng)用空間，今后，我將繼續(xù)進(jìn)行有針對(duì)性地學(xué)習(xí)。畢竟，知識(shí)是提高人修養(yǎng)的基本途徑，也是時(shí)代的需要。

作為一名礦山機(jī)電的管理人員，我深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)到此次專(zhuān)業(yè)的深造對(duì)于我以后工作的重要性。天大地大，學(xué)習(xí)永無(wú)止境。在這三年的學(xué)習(xí)中，在各個(gè)方面我都有量的積累和質(zhì)的飛躍。讀萬(wàn)卷書(shū)，行萬(wàn)里路，只有將我所學(xué)到的理論知識(shí)與我自身在工作中所總結(jié)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)所結(jié)合，我才能得到更高層次的升華。我深信機(jī)遇定會(huì)垂青有準(zhǔn)備的人，我憧憬著美好的未來(lái)，時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備著。

第三篇：采礦工程自我鑒定

成高本科函授畢業(yè)生自我鑒定

為了提高自己的業(yè)務(wù)水平和能力，我參加了 xx-xx 年的成人高考，考取了 xx-xx 大學(xué)的體育專(zhuān)業(yè)，于是開(kāi)始了三年的學(xué)習(xí)。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)，本人各方面都有了較大的提高。(一)政治思想上。本人有堅(jiān)定的政治方向，熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)，熱愛(ài)人民，擁護(hù)中國(guó)共-產(chǎn)-黨的領(lǐng) 導(dǎo)，熱愛(ài)神圣的教育事業(yè)。函授期間，我努力遵守學(xué)校的各項(xiàng)規(guī)章制 度，培養(yǎng)自己的文學(xué)興趣。尊敬師長(zhǎng)，熱愛(ài)自己的班級(jí)，與班級(jí)同學(xué) 和睦相處，且關(guān)系融洽。班中事務(wù)主動(dòng)參與，且樂(lè)此不疲。我相信： 樂(lè)于助人是快樂(lè)之本。(二)學(xué)習(xí)目的及態(tài)度。我已圓滿的完成了學(xué)院規(guī)定的課程。函授雖三年，但真正參加面授的 時(shí)間只有幾個(gè)月，所以我非常珍惜面授的時(shí)間。上課期間，我保持以 往學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)代的風(fēng)格，不遲到、不早退。有要事則向班主任請(qǐng)假。上課 認(rèn)真聽(tīng)老師的講解，作好學(xué)習(xí)筆記，并把自己的困惑拿出來(lái)和老師共 同探討。對(duì)老師布置的作業(yè)，我從來(lái)都是不折不扣的高質(zhì)量的完成。因?yàn)槲疑钌蠲靼祝哼@是我提高自己水平和能力的機(jī)會(huì)。(三)收獲和體會(huì)。平時(shí)不常讀書(shū)，函授學(xué)習(xí)使我感受到自身文學(xué)修養(yǎng)的欠缺，并促使我 研讀各種專(zhuān)業(yè)書(shū)籍，并把它與平時(shí)的教學(xué)工作相結(jié)合。教學(xué)上取得了 良好的效果，個(gè)人素質(zhì)也得到了很大提高。(四)工作與學(xué)習(xí)的處理上。

在校工作期間，我一邊盡力做好自己的本職工作，認(rèn)真?zhèn)湔n，教好學(xué) 生。一邊不忘曲師大任課教師的囑咐。充分利用自己的閑暇時(shí)間，把 函授期間不能作具體解說(shuō)的書(shū)本知識(shí)理解消化。一份耕耘，一份收獲。學(xué)習(xí)上的毫不懈怠使我能從容面對(duì)每一次考試，并取得不錯(cuò)的成績(jī)。(五)存在問(wèn)題及努力方向。雖說(shuō)是三年的函授學(xué)習(xí)，實(shí)際上面授只有三個(gè)月左右。雖說(shuō)函授教師 備課認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，學(xué)員真正能從老師那學(xué)到的東西并不多。大部分的知 識(shí)還得靠自己的積累和教學(xué)實(shí)踐中的領(lǐng)悟。在以后的學(xué)習(xí)工作中，我 將以此為基礎(chǔ)，不斷的研究學(xué)習(xí)，提升自己。我的本科函授學(xué)習(xí)認(rèn)真而充實(shí)。三年的嚴(yán)寒酷暑，我有收獲。今后，我會(huì)把做老師的路走得更好，更充實(shí)!

三億文庫(kù)包含各類(lèi)專(zhuān)業(yè)文獻(xiàn)、行業(yè)資料、幼兒教育、小學(xué)教育、各類(lèi)資格考試、應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作文書(shū)、文學(xué)作品欣賞、外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)資料、生活休閑娛樂(lè)、中學(xué)教育、高等教育、成高本科函授畢業(yè)生自我鑒定12等內(nèi)容。函授本科畢業(yè)生自我鑒定

函授本科畢業(yè)生自我鑒定

為了提高自己的業(yè)務(wù)水平和能力，我參加了成人專(zhuān)科，考取了采礦工程專(zhuān)業(yè)，于是開(kāi)始了三年的學(xué)習(xí)。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)，本人各方面都有了較大的提高。

一、政治思想上：

本人有堅(jiān)定的政治方向，熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)，熱愛(ài)人民，擁護(hù)中國(guó)共-產(chǎn)-黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，熱愛(ài)自己所從事的煤炭事業(yè)。函授學(xué)習(xí)期間，我努力遵守學(xué)校的各項(xiàng)規(guī)章制度，培養(yǎng)自己的煤礦興趣。尊敬師長(zhǎng)，熱愛(ài)自己所從事的專(zhuān)業(yè)和崗位，與班級(jí)同學(xué)和睦相處，且關(guān)系融洽。

二、學(xué)習(xí)目的及態(tài)度：

我已圓滿的完成了學(xué)院規(guī)定的課程。三年時(shí)間的函授學(xué)習(xí)，從時(shí)間上講很是短暫，加上平時(shí)工作的任務(wù)頗多、事務(wù)繁重，但是我正確理順了學(xué)習(xí)和工作的時(shí)間安排，珍惜每次面授的時(shí)間，上課時(shí)候，保持學(xué)生時(shí)代的作風(fēng)，不遲到，不早退，認(rèn)真聽(tīng)講，做好筆記，按時(shí)完成作業(yè)，有問(wèn)題就及時(shí)和老師探討。

這樣的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程，使我在工作崗位中受益很多，我自己知識(shí)面擴(kuò)大了，思維空間拓展了，工作起來(lái)也提高了效率和工作質(zhì)量。

(三)收獲和體會(huì)：

平時(shí)不常讀書(shū)，函授學(xué)習(xí)使我感受到自身修養(yǎng)的欠缺，我充分利用自己空暇時(shí)間，閱讀書(shū)籍，努力學(xué)習(xí)煤礦 整理技術(shù)等專(zhuān)業(yè)書(shū)籍，并把它與平時(shí)的教學(xué)工作相結(jié)合。工作上取得了良好的效果，個(gè)人素質(zhì)也得到了很大提高。

(四)工作與學(xué)習(xí)的處理上：

在我工作期間，做好了工作學(xué)習(xí)兩不誤，工作與學(xué)習(xí)完好相結(jié)合，我一邊盡力做好自己的本職工作，一邊我把我學(xué)到得知識(shí)系統(tǒng)的歸納，科學(xué)有效的結(jié)合現(xiàn)在的工作崗位，充分發(fā)揮理論和實(shí)踐應(yīng)用的結(jié)合，這樣我的個(gè)人素質(zhì)也提高了，業(yè)務(wù)能力也提高了。特別是我學(xué)習(xí)的《煤礦開(kāi)采技術(shù)》、《礦山通風(fēng)與安全》、《礦山電工》、《計(jì)算機(jī)基捶等知識(shí)，使我在工作中得到更多應(yīng)用空間，今后，我將繼續(xù)進(jìn)行有針對(duì)性地學(xué)習(xí)。畢竟，知識(shí)是提高人修養(yǎng)的基本途徑，也是時(shí)代的需要。

(五)存在問(wèn)題及努力方向：

雖說(shuō)是三年的函授學(xué)習(xí)，實(shí)際上面授只有三個(gè)月左右。雖說(shuō)函授教師備課認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，學(xué)員真正能從老師那學(xué)到的東西并不多。大部分的知識(shí)還得靠自己的積累和工作實(shí)踐中的領(lǐng)悟。在以后的學(xué)習(xí)工作中，我將以此為基礎(chǔ)，不斷的研究學(xué)習(xí)，提升自己。

我的專(zhuān)科函授學(xué)習(xí)認(rèn)真而充實(shí)。三年的嚴(yán)寒酷暑，我有收獲。今后，我會(huì)把學(xué)到的知識(shí)充分利用到自己的工作崗位中，把自己的工作做的更好，更充實(shí)!

第四篇：采礦工程自我鑒定

采礦工程自我鑒定

成高本科函授畢業(yè)生自我鑒定

為了提高自己的業(yè)務(wù)水平和能力，我參加了 xx-xx 年的成人高考，考取了 xx-xx 大學(xué)的體育專(zhuān)業(yè)，于是開(kāi)始了三年的學(xué)習(xí)，采礦工程自我鑒定。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)，本人各方面都有了較大的提高。(一)政治思想上。本人有堅(jiān)定的政治方向，熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)，熱愛(ài)人民，擁護(hù)中國(guó)共-產(chǎn)-黨的領(lǐng) 導(dǎo)，熱愛(ài)神圣的教育事業(yè)。函授期間，我努力遵守學(xué)校的各項(xiàng)規(guī)章制 度，培養(yǎng)自己的文學(xué)興趣。尊敬師長(zhǎng)，熱愛(ài)自己的班級(jí)，與班級(jí)同學(xué) 和睦相處，且關(guān)系融洽。班中事務(wù)主動(dòng)參與，且樂(lè)此不疲。我相信： 樂(lè)于助人是快樂(lè)之本。(二)學(xué)習(xí)目的及態(tài)度。我已圓滿的完成了學(xué)院規(guī)定的課程。函授雖三年，但真正參加面授的 時(shí)間只有幾個(gè)月，所以我非常珍惜面授的時(shí)間。上課期間，我保持以 往學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)代的風(fēng)格，不遲到、不早退。有要事則向班主任請(qǐng)假。上課 認(rèn)真聽(tīng)老師的講解，作好學(xué)習(xí)筆記，并把自己的困惑拿出來(lái)和老師共 同探討。對(duì)老師布置的作業(yè)，我從來(lái)都是不折不扣的高質(zhì)量的完成。因?yàn)槲疑钌蠲靼祝哼@是我提高自己水平和能力的機(jī)會(huì)。(三)收獲和體會(huì)。平時(shí)不常讀書(shū)，函授學(xué)習(xí)使我感受到自身文學(xué)修養(yǎng)的欠缺，并促使我 研讀各種專(zhuān)業(yè)書(shū)籍，并把它與平時(shí)的教學(xué)工作相結(jié)合。教學(xué)上取得了 良好的效果，個(gè)人素質(zhì)也得到了很大提高，自我鑒定《采礦工程自我鑒定》。(四)工作與學(xué)習(xí)的處理上。

在校工作期間，我一邊盡力做好自己的本職工作，認(rèn)真?zhèn)湔n，教好學(xué) 生。一邊不忘曲師大任課教師的囑咐。充分利用自己的閑暇時(shí)間，把 函授期間不能作具體解說(shuō)的書(shū)本知識(shí)理解消化。一份耕耘，一份收獲。學(xué)習(xí)上的毫不懈怠使我能從容面對(duì)每一次考試，并取得不錯(cuò)的成績(jī)。(五)存在問(wèn)題及努力方向。雖說(shuō)是三年的函授學(xué)習(xí)，實(shí)際上面授只有三個(gè)月左右。雖說(shuō)函授教師 備課認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，學(xué)員真正能從老師那學(xué)到的東西并不多。大部分的知 識(shí)還得靠自己的積累和教學(xué)實(shí)踐中的領(lǐng)悟。在以后的學(xué)習(xí)工作中，我 將以此為基礎(chǔ)，不斷的研究學(xué)習(xí)，提升自己。我的本科函授學(xué)習(xí)認(rèn)真而充實(shí)。三年的嚴(yán)寒酷暑，我有收獲。今后，我會(huì)把做老師的路走得更好，更充實(shí)!

三億文庫(kù)包含各類(lèi)專(zhuān)業(yè)文獻(xiàn)、行業(yè)資料、幼兒教育、小學(xué)教育、各類(lèi)資格考試、應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作文書(shū)、文學(xué)作品欣賞、外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)資料、生活休閑娛樂(lè)、中學(xué)教育、高等教育、成高本科函授畢業(yè)生自我鑒定12等內(nèi)容。函授本科畢業(yè)生自我鑒定

函授本科畢業(yè)生自我鑒定

為了提高自己的業(yè)務(wù)水平和能力，我參加了成人專(zhuān)科，考取了采礦工程專(zhuān)業(yè)，于是開(kāi)始了三年的學(xué)習(xí)。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)，本人各方面都有了較大的提高。

一、政治思想上：

本人有堅(jiān)定的政治方向，熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)，熱愛(ài)人民，擁護(hù)中國(guó)共-產(chǎn)-黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，熱愛(ài)自己所從事的煤炭事業(yè)。函授學(xué)習(xí)期間，我努力遵守學(xué)校的各項(xiàng)規(guī)章制度，培養(yǎng)自己的煤礦興趣。尊敬師長(zhǎng)，熱愛(ài)自己所從事的專(zhuān)業(yè)和崗位，與班級(jí)同學(xué)和睦相處，且關(guān)系融洽。

二、學(xué)習(xí)目的及態(tài)度：

我已圓滿的完成了學(xué)院規(guī)定的課程。三年時(shí)間的函授學(xué)習(xí)，從時(shí)間上講很是短暫，加上平時(shí)工作的任務(wù)頗多、事務(wù)繁重，但是我正確理順了學(xué)習(xí)和工作的時(shí)間安排，珍惜每次面授的時(shí)間，上課時(shí)候，保持學(xué)生時(shí)代的作風(fēng)，不遲到，不早退，認(rèn)真聽(tīng)講，做好筆記，按時(shí)完成作業(yè)，有問(wèn)題就及時(shí)和老師探討。

這樣的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程，使我在工作崗位中受益很多，我自己知識(shí)面擴(kuò)大了，思維空間拓展了，工作起來(lái)也提高了效率和工作質(zhì)量。

(三)收獲和體會(huì)：

平時(shí)不常讀書(shū)，函授學(xué)習(xí)使我感受到自身修養(yǎng)的欠缺，我充分利用自己空暇時(shí)間，閱讀書(shū)籍，努力學(xué)習(xí)煤礦 整理技術(shù)等專(zhuān)業(yè)書(shū)籍，并把它與平時(shí)的教學(xué)工作相結(jié)合。工作上取得了良好的效果，個(gè)人素質(zhì)也得到了很大提高。

(四)工作與學(xué)習(xí)的處理上：

在我工作期間，做好了工作學(xué)習(xí)兩不誤，工作與學(xué)習(xí)完好相結(jié)合，我一邊盡力做好自己的本職工作，一邊我把我學(xué)到得知識(shí)系統(tǒng)的歸納，科學(xué)有效的結(jié)合現(xiàn)在的工作崗位，充分發(fā)揮理論和實(shí)踐應(yīng)用的結(jié)合，這樣我的個(gè)人素質(zhì)也提高了，業(yè)務(wù)能力也提高了。特別是我學(xué)習(xí)的《煤礦開(kāi)采技術(shù)》、《礦山通風(fēng)與安全》、《礦山電工》、《計(jì)算機(jī)基捶等知識(shí)，使我在工作中得到更多應(yīng)用空間，今后，我將繼續(xù)進(jìn)行有針對(duì)性地學(xué)習(xí)。畢竟，知識(shí)是提高人修養(yǎng)的基本途徑，也是時(shí)代的需要。

(五)存在問(wèn)題及努力方向：

雖說(shuō)是三年的函授學(xué)習(xí)，實(shí)際上面授只有三個(gè)月左右。雖說(shuō)函授教師備課認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，學(xué)員真正能從老師那學(xué)到的東西并不多。大部分的知識(shí)還得靠自己的積累和工作實(shí)踐中的領(lǐng)悟。在以后的學(xué)習(xí)工作中，我將以此為基礎(chǔ)，不斷的研究學(xué)習(xí)，提升自己。

我的專(zhuān)科函授學(xué)習(xí)認(rèn)真而充實(shí)。三年的嚴(yán)寒酷暑，我有收獲。今后，我會(huì)把學(xué)到的知識(shí)充分利用到自己的工作崗位中，把自己的工作做的更好，更充實(shí)!

第五篇：采礦工程本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)英文翻譯

Use of Mineral Coal for Sorption Sewage Treatment

A.V.Mozolkova Russian University of People’s Friendship.Moscow, Russia E.V.Chekushina Russian University of People’s Friendship.Moscow, Russia A.A.Kaminskaya Russian University of People’s Friendship.Moscow, Russia

Treatment of mining, industrial, household and other sewage is an actual problem for many mining and processing enterprises.Coal-mining industry is not an exception.Usually, at coal enterprises, treatment of mine sewage before it is dumped consists in settling and subsequent filtering.Many pollutants are not removed from the sewage by this method.Hence, dumped water frequently does not satisfy sanitary requirements regarding the permissible content of oil products, dissolved substances and other parameters.For additional cleaning of sewage it is possible to use sorption methods.By these methods water is cleaned of oil products, heavy metals, a number of organic substances and other polluting substances, depending on the used sorbent properties.Both natural and artificial materials can be used as sorbents.Constraint for wide use of sorption methods of sewage treatment in the coal industry is high cost of the majority of sorbents.A number of technologies for obtaining inexpensive and good quality sorbents from coal minerals have been developed.These sorbents can be manufactured directly in coal mines which has additional advantage of reducing transport costs.The processes sorbents may be recycled or burnt.Apart from that production and sale of sorbents can serve the coal-mining enterprises as an additional source of income.One of the most widespread sorbents is activated coal.Quality activated coals are carbon sorbents, having an internal specific surface of more than 500㎡/g, and characterized by iodine adsorption(iodine value)of more than500mg/g.mineral coal, peat and wood can serve as raw materials for activated coal production.Traditional production techniques of activated coal include two basic stages of thermal processing of the initial carbon-containing raw material-carbonization and activation, done in different devices.Both stages are energy-consuming and ecologically dangerous, which explains the high cost of activated coal, received through this technology(1200-4000 dollars/MT).Carbonization is the elimination of volatile substances by heating up to the temperature of 600-900℃, because with volatile components there are basically formed the oxygen and hydrogen, and increase carbon content in initial raw material.Carbonization is done in mining or rotating furnaces with utilization of external form-holder, as a rule, waste gases with temperatures of 600℃ and higher.Activation means increasing the volume and pore surfaces of carbonized material at heterogeneous reaction.The most used reagent is water vapour with the temperature of 900℃ and higher, and the process takes 15-20 hours.Both stages are energy consuming and pose threat to environment.For one tonne of activated coal from 2 up to 4 tonnes of specific fuel like crude oil and natural gas are consumed.From 1000 up to 1500 m3 of processed gasses with high content of SOx(1-2 g/ m3), H2S(200-250mg/ m3), resinous substances(10-40mg/ m3), phenols(50-70mg/ m3), carbon oxides(up to 5%)and also other substances which are carcinogenic and mutagenic are formed and released into the atmosphere during both stages.High-energy consumption and environmental danger, which requires large investments in nature protection activities, result in the high cost of quality-activated coal.Another group of carbon sorbents, which was widespread in the 80’s, consists of inexpensive carbon sorbents used in nature protection technologies and industry.Such sorbents are produced by a one-phase technology, without additional activation.Their adsorption activity is not high(iodine value less than 300mg/g)but the cost is low(250-700 USD/MT).because the price of these sorbents is comparable to the cost of their regeneration, they are used only once and are burnt after saturation.The leaders in the production of such sorbents are Rheinbraun AG(Germany, 200 thousand MT per year)and Australian Char Ltd(Australia, 150 thousand MT per year), which produce brown coal semi-coke used for treatment of wastewater and smoke.In Russia research work in this direction is conducted, but only test works have been done so far, although the quality of carbon sorbents obtained from Kansk-Achinsk coals did not concede to production from Rheinbraun AG and Australian Char.One of the directions of utilization of semi-coke from Kansk-Achinsk coals, production of which was planed at Krasnoyarsc thermal power station 2(device ETX-175), was its utilization as carbon sorbent.The reason for production of inexpensive carbon sorbents by one-phase technologies being not developed in Russia is the absence of demand for this product.This production is basically used for cleaning of sewage, however there is no effective ecological service in Russia, and the penal sanctions of the environmental protection legislation are so insignificant that industrial enterprises do not have ant motivation to invest in nature protection.In1992-1994 the employees from Joint-Stock Company “Carbonica-F”(at that time Open Company “Sibtermo”)have developed a new method of production of carbon sorbents, which considerably from all known technologies.During the research of dynamic effects in a layer evaporator the regime conditions were defined under which the effect of “thermal wave” could be observed in the device.Using this effect, the authors created a layer evaporator in which volatile components of coal were exposed to gasification(incomplete oxidation), and the degree of carbon conversion was adjusted by the mode of injection feed.By changing the regime parameters it was possible to conduct the process as fuel gasification(with only ashes remaining in the end)without any residue, and also as gasification of volatile components of coal, thus receiving so-called semi-coke containing solid coal.From one tonne of Kansk-Achinsk coal with calorific content of 3600-3800 kcal/kg can be produced about 0.33 tonnes of semi-coke with calorific content up to 7000 kcal/kg(as anthracite)and up to 1700 m3 of combustible gas with calorific content of 800-900 kcalJm3, suitable for use as an energy source.Technological process of Joint-Stock Company “Carbonika-F” has a large number of advantages in comparison to the already known methods of obtaining activated coal and semi-coke

1.Simplicity of hardware.One-phase process.The stages of drying, pyrolysis, thermal decomposition of volatile substances and semi-coke cooling are incorporated in one device.The device is auto-metric;it means that external heat-carrier for coal heating is not used.2.Ecological safety.In the technology of Joint-Stock Company “Carbonica-F” all hydrocarbons, including resinous substances, are broken down and gasified inside the device during the formation of combustible gas containing only CO, H2, CO2, N2, H20, H2S and insignificant quantity CH4.Sludge, pyroligneous waters, phenols and other harmful impurities are not formed in this process.3.Because the speed of gas filtration from a layer reactor is low(0,02-0,03 m/s in comparison to 0,5-2,5 m/s for mine furnaces), the process is less dependent on fractional composition of coal, hydraulic resistance of the layer and allows to process fine-grained coals.4.As a result of low speed of filtration the phenomenon of carrying out of fly ashes from the layer does not occur, because the device works as a granular filter.Combustible gas is moved in user-boiler or can move to the gas turbine without preliminary cleaning.The volume of SOx, NOx, CO contained in waste gases is lower than that produced when obtaining equivalent quantity of heat by burning coal.Combustible gas without prior cleaning can be used to produce electric and/or thermal power or as an energy carrier for thermal processes.5.Unlike the already existing technologies, in the given process there is no dump（排空孔）of gaseous heat-carrier(氣體熱載體)into the atmosphere and consequently（因此）the construction of other additional gas purification systems（更多的天然氣凈化系統(tǒng)工程）and catalytic burning of carbon oxide(CO)（催化燃燒的碳氧化物）is not required.與現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)不同，在以上給出的過(guò)程呢個(gè)中，沒(méi)有氣體熱載體排放的到空中的排空孔，因此，更多的天然氣凈化系統(tǒng)和催化燃燒的碳氧化物的工程是不必要的。

Test of the solid residue(semi-coke)have revealed, that this material is characterized by large specific surface(more than 500㎡/g)and high adsorption activity(iodine value 500mg/g and higher), and because of these parameter does not concede to quality-activated coal.經(jīng)過(guò)試驗(yàn)的固體殘?jiān)ò虢梗┍砻鳎哼@種材料的特點(diǎn)是表面積大（大于五百平方米）并且有很強(qiáng)的吸附性（碘值是500毫克每克甚至更高）而且因?yàn)檫@些參數(shù)并不退讓與高質(zhì)量的活性炭。

The product received with the technology of Joint-Stock Company “Carbonica-F” is certificated as activated coal ABG(active, brown coal of gasification), for it there were developed technical conditions TU 6-00209591-443-95.The characteristics of ABG activated coal produced from the coal of 62 mark from “Berezovsky-1” opencast colliery.獲得技術(shù)聯(lián)合股份公司“Carbonica-F認(rèn)證的產(chǎn)品被認(rèn)證為ABG類(lèi)活性炭（就是具有活性的棕色的氣化煤）為此，在此基礎(chǔ)上又發(fā)展了TU 6-00209591-443-95技術(shù)條件。ABG活性炭的特點(diǎn)來(lái)自于出產(chǎn)它的來(lái)自”Berezovsky-1“露天煤礦的62號(hào)煤。

High specific surface and adsorption activity of ABG coal is explained by the fact that both gasification of coal volatile components, and activation of carbon-containing solid residue of gaseous products occur in the device simultaneously.Because gasification products contain up to 20%n of hydrogen whose molecules are smaller than the ones of water vapour, and hence their permeability in pores of semi-coke is higher, activation(heterogeneous reaction)is done not only with vapor, but also with hydrogen, which practically is not present in the traditional technologies.Thus, carbonization stages and activation are combined in one device.氣化煤揮發(fā)性成分和激活含碳固體殘留氣體產(chǎn)品同時(shí)在裝置上發(fā)生的事實(shí)就解釋了ABG煤的高比表面積和強(qiáng)大的吸附特性。因?yàn)闅饣a(chǎn)品包含了20%以上的氫，而這些氫分子比那些水蒸汽要小一些，因此他們?cè)诎虢箽饪椎臐B透率就高一些，激活（異構(gòu)反應(yīng)）就完成了，不僅與蒸汽，還與氫，而這些實(shí)際上是傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)中不存在的。因此，碳化階段和激活是在同一裝置中同步進(jìn)行的（相結(jié)合的）。

Other positive effect of application of this method of coal processing is that in ”thermal wave“ mode the products of thermal decomposition which contain very toxic resinous substances(coal tar pitch used in experimental medicine for the inoculation of cancer in experiments on mice, brown coal is more toxic), passing through a hot layer of semi-coke(500-700℃)are completely broken down into two and three-nuclei gases H2O, CO2, CO, H2.Measurements done at the working production plant of Joint-Stock Company ”Carbonica-F“ have shown that the gas does not contain hydrocarbons of lines above methane, and also carcinogens, including benzo(a)pirene.其他應(yīng)用到這種方法的積極效果是在“熱波”模式中產(chǎn)品的熱分解含有劇毒物質(zhì)的樹(shù)脂（煤瀝青用于實(shí)驗(yàn)醫(yī)學(xué)的接種癌癥的實(shí)驗(yàn)小鼠，褐色碳毒性更強(qiáng)。）經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)半焦的熱層（500到700攝氏度）完全分解成雙核或三核氣體：水，二氧化碳，一氧化碳，氫氣。測(cè)量工作在”Carbonica-F“聯(lián)合股份公司的工作生產(chǎn)廠完成，這表明了這種氣體不僅包含了碳?xì)浠衔锛淄橐陨系男?，也包含了致癌物質(zhì)，包括：

Cooling of the activated coal from 550 up to 70℃ before discharging is carried out by compulsory circulation of gaseous heat-carrier(waste gases)through a layer of the product and further through shell-and-tube heat exchanger in which water used in closed circuit is also provided.Total process efficiency reaches 95% due to the high degree of utilization, which is associated with utilizing the thermal energy.在把活性炭從高于550攝氏度冷卻到70攝氏度的過(guò)程以前，Departing waste gases do not undergo any cleaning;there are even no cyclones.Nevertheless, the content of harmful mixtures(NOx 150 mg/m3, SOx 50 mg/m3, ash less than 10 mg/m3)is essentially lower than the established norms and parameters of working boiler and thermal power stations, even those equipped with modern multistage systems of gas purification including electro filters.This is explained by a insignificant ablation of ash from devices, sorption of sulfur compounds in activated corner, and also focus temperature from the user-boiler is lower than 1600℃-“threshold（” 閾值）temperature at which begins the formation of nitrogen oxides due to the oxidation of nitrogen from the air.汽車(chē)尾氣不經(jīng)過(guò)任何清理，也沒(méi)有分離器。然而，有害混合物的含量（NOx 150 mg/m3, SOx 50 mg/m3,含灰塵少于10 mg/m3)實(shí)質(zhì)上比規(guī)定和工作鍋爐和熱電站的參數(shù)都要低。甚至是那些配備了現(xiàn)代化多級(jí)系統(tǒng)的氣體凈化過(guò)濾器。這是用來(lái)自?xún)x器燃燒產(chǎn)生的毫無(wú)意義的灰塵來(lái)解釋的，硫磺混合物的吸附作用在激活的一角進(jìn)行，并且也把用戶(hù)鍋爐法制溫度低于1600℃作為重點(diǎn)，而這個(gè)溫度是空氣中的氧化氮形成氮氧化物的開(kāi)始。

The technology of Joint-Stock Company ”Carbonica-F“ can be used for any not conglomerating coals.”Carbonica-F“聯(lián)合股份公司的技術(shù)可以被用在任意的非聚合煤上。

Similar sorbents or slightly conceding in quality to activated coal are formed by semi-coking of unconglomerated coal.Semi-coke received by using the technology developed and patented at Joint-Stock Company ”Carbonika-F“ is characterised by large specific surface(above 500 m2/g)and high adsorption activity(iodine value 500 mglg and more), and with these parameters does not concede in quality to activated coal.The production of this sorbent is ecologically safe.The producon by-product-combustible gas can be burnt in boilers of thermal power station.類(lèi)似的吸附劑或是質(zhì)量稍微差一點(diǎn)的活性炭油由聚合碳的半焦形成。半焦被使用該技術(shù)發(fā)展和專(zhuān)利的”Carbonika-F"聯(lián)合股份公司使用，特點(diǎn)是表面積大（大于500平方米/ g），和高吸附活性（碘值500 mglg等）而且這些參數(shù)不會(huì)影響到活性炭的質(zhì)量。生產(chǎn)這些吸附劑是具有生態(tài)安全性的。產(chǎn)品的副產(chǎn)品會(huì)在熱電站的鍋爐里被燃燒。

Some mineral coals(called mesoporous)have internal pores accessible to water, having the size 3.5-4 manometers(mesopores), forming active surface, sized 50-120 m2/g(unlike all other natural coals with surface of 0.5-1 m2/g).These coals can be used as sorbents without additional activation.They clear water of undissolved and dissolved mineral oil, deep dispersing mixtures, iron, phenol, ions of heavy metals, ammonia, nitrates, benzo(a)pirene and so forth.Sorbent MIU-S received from poorly metamorphosed mesopore coal can be used for 3-7 years with periodic regeneration.Alkali regeneration solution is removed from the fitter without other additional neutralization, because in alkali and acid medium MIU-S presents buffer properties, neutralizing these media.一些礦產(chǎn)煤（叫做孔）有內(nèi)部吸水孔，面積在50-120 m2/g（不像其他自然界的煤表面積是0.5-1 m2/g）。這些煤無(wú)需激活就可以被用作吸附劑。他們可以清理不溶水和融化的礦物油，深層分散混合物，鐵，酚，重金屬離子，氨，硝酸鹽，苯等等。MIU-S吸附劑來(lái)自劣質(zhì)變形孔煤，可以在定期更改新的情況下用3-7年。堿再生解決方案從管工上移除而沒(méi)有其他而外的失效，因?yàn)樗岷蛪A的中介MIU-S存在緩沖性能，能夠中和這些媒介。

Specific porous structure of mesopore coals assures sorption extraction of dissolved mineral oil products with concentration lower than 1 mg/l, and thus is not always reachable even with activated coals.具有特殊滲透結(jié)構(gòu)的孔酶能夠吸附提取溶解濃度低于1毫克/升的礦物油產(chǎn)品，因此并非總是能獲得活性炭。

Using MIU-S filters in drinking water supply systems made the stability of their work in conditions of continuous exploitation evident, maintaining the properties of sorbents at null and sub-zero temperatures and absence of biomass formation.使用MIU-S filters在飲水供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)中使用MIU-S filters可以使系統(tǒng)工作具有穩(wěn)定性?？梢詾閮?chǔ)蓄開(kāi)采創(chuàng)造條件，保證吸附劑在零度或是零下溫度條件下都可以持續(xù)進(jìn)行且沒(méi)有生物的形成。

Besides the abovementioned technologies, sorbents can be obtained from material coal by its briquetting and activation.Raw mineral for briquettes can be coals of any rank.除了上述提到的技術(shù)，吸附劑可以從礦物煤中通過(guò)成型和活化獲得。制作煤球的礦物原料可以是任何一種煤。Thus , sorbents suitable for additional cleaning of sewage are possible to be produced from mineral coals by special processing, and sometimes directly.Production of own sorbents may solve the problem of additional cleaning of sewage in coal enterprises.Mesopore coals can be used as sorbents without additional processing;the other coals need additional activation.The studied sorbents can be used for cleaning sewage water from mineral oil products, organic substances and metal ions.因此，適合附加清洗下水道里的)污物的吸附劑可以通過(guò)特殊處理從礦物煤中得到，并且有時(shí)候是可以直接得到的，不需要特殊處理。制作自己的吸附劑可以解決煤炭企業(yè)附加清洗污水的問(wèn)題。有孔煤不經(jīng)過(guò)額外的處理就可以直接被用作吸附劑；其他的煤需要額外的處理才行。吸附劑的研究能被用于礦物油產(chǎn)品，有機(jī)物質(zhì)和金屬離子的污水處理中。

REFERENCES Kovaleva LB., Matvienko N.G., Solovyeva E.A., Tarnopolskaya M.G.: The Application of Natural Mineral Coal in the Technology of Sewage Treatment from Mineral Oil.World n Mining Ecology.Works of the Congress 1999, pg.310-315.2.Congress o For the preparation of the article have been used materials from the site 004km.cn.ru, www.miu-sorb.ru