第一篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考前短語(yǔ)詞匯沖刺復(fù)習(xí)資料-歡迎預(yù)覽-決定下載-助你成功

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試絕對(duì)實(shí)用的四級(jí)高頻動(dòng)詞詞組

[ 注：以下詞組后的五角星代表該詞在以往四級(jí)考試中出現(xiàn)的頻率高低，三星為最高。] abandon oneself to ★ 沉湎于；縱情于

【例】 Don’t abandon yourself to pleasures.不可一味享樂(lè)。accord with ★★ 相符合；相一致；相和諧

【例】 Our information doesn’t accord with his report.我們所了解的情況和他的報(bào)告不相符。account for ★★ ①是??的原因 ②（在數(shù)量、比例方面）占

【例】 ① He couldn’t account for the missing funds.他無(wú)法對(duì)丟失的資金作出解釋。② Senior citizens in this state account for more than 25 percent of the population.該州的老年人占總?cè)丝诘?5% 以上。accuse of ★★★ 指責(zé)；控告

【例】 He was accused of murder.他被指控犯有謀殺罪。acquaint...with ★★★ 使認(rèn)識(shí)；使了解；使熟悉

【例】 She acquainted them with the facts.她讓他們了解了事實(shí)真相。You must acquaint yourself with your new duties.你必須熟悉自己的新職責(zé)。act on/upon ★ ①遵照??行動(dòng)，奉行 ②作用于，影響 【例】 ① He gave me good advice, but I didn’t act on it.他給了我很好的建議，但我卻沒(méi)照著做。

② Alcohol acts on the brain.酒精影響大腦。adapt to ★★★ ①適應(yīng) ②使適應(yīng)

【例】 ① Our eyes slowly adapted to the darkness.我們的眼睛慢慢地適應(yīng)了四周的黑暗。② She had to adapt herself to the life in Paris.她必須適應(yīng)巴黎的生活。add to ★★★ 增添

【例】 The balloons added to the festival atmosphere.這些氣球增添了節(jié)日的氣氛。add up ★★ ①把??加起來(lái) ②說(shuō)得通，合乎情理

【例】 ① Add up these figures for me, please.請(qǐng)幫我把這些數(shù)字加起來(lái)。② His story didn’t add up.他的敘述不合情理。add up to ★★ ①合計(jì)達(dá) ②意味著

【例】 ① These figures add up to 245.這些數(shù)字的總和是245。② Your answer adds up to a refusal.你的回答意味著拒絕。adhere to ★★★ ①黏附，附著 ②堅(jiān)持（意見(jiàn)、信仰等）【例】① The mud adhered to his feet.泥巴黏在他的腳上。

② He resolutely adhered to what he had said at the meeting.他堅(jiān)持自己在會(huì)上所說(shuō)過(guò)的那番話。adjust to ★★ ①適應(yīng) ②使適應(yīng)

【例】 ① Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness.宇航員在飛行中必須適應(yīng)失重狀態(tài)。② We adjusted our watches to local time.我們按當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間校準(zhǔn)了手表。agree on/upon ★ 對(duì)??取得一致意見(jiàn)

【例】 They agree on the terms of the contract.他們就合同條款取得了一致意見(jiàn)。aim at ★★★ ①瞄準(zhǔn)，對(duì)準(zhǔn) ②以??為目的

【例】① I aimed at the door but hit the window.我瞄準(zhǔn)的是門，卻擊中了窗戶。② She was aiming at a promotion.她當(dāng)時(shí)一心想得到晉升。allow for ★★★ 考慮到，顧及，為??留出余地

【例】Allowing for the bad weather, we should set off soon.考慮到天氣不好，我們應(yīng)該及早動(dòng)身。amount to ★★ ①總計(jì)，共達(dá) ②意味著

【例】 ① The cost amounted to ＄240.費(fèi)用共計(jì)240 美元。

② What you say amounts to a direct accusation.你的話等于直接指責(zé)。answer for ★ 對(duì)??負(fù)責(zé)

【例】 You will have to answer for your violent behavior in court.你必須為自己在法庭上的粗暴行為承擔(dān)責(zé)任。appeal to ★★★ 訴諸；求助于

【例】 He appealed to reason to win his argument.他靠理性在辯論中獲勝。apply to ★★ ①向??提出申請(qǐng)（或要求）②適用于，與??有關(guān)

【例】 ① We have applied to the government for a home improvement grant.我們已經(jīng)向政府申請(qǐng)改善住房的撥款。

② The question in the second half of the form applies only to married men.表格中下半部的問(wèn)題僅適用于已婚男士回答。approve of ★★★ 贊成；認(rèn)可；喜歡

【例】 My father did not approve of my marriage to Mary.我父親不贊成我和瑪麗結(jié)婚。arise from★★★ 由??引起；起源于

【例】 The country’s present difficulties arise from the reduced value of its money.該國(guó)目前的困難是由其貨幣貶值引起的。

arrive at ★★ 達(dá)成（協(xié)議）；得出（結(jié)論）；達(dá)到（價(jià)格、年紀(jì)）【例】 After many hours’ talk, the committee arrived at a decision.委員會(huì)討論了數(shù)小時(shí)之后作出了一項(xiàng)決議。ask after ★ ①問(wèn)候 ②要求；需要

【例】 ① He always asks after you in his letter.他每次來(lái)信都問(wèn)候你。② The miners are asking for another increase in pay.礦工們要求再次加薪。This matter asks for immediate attention.這件事需要立刻處理。associate with ★★★ 結(jié)交，與??交往

【例】 I don’t like you associating with such people.我不喜歡你和這樣的人交往。assure of ★ ①使對(duì)??確信不疑 ②保證（某人）得到

【例】 ① He assured us of his ability to solve the problem.他向我們保證他有能力解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

② He assured his clients of a pleasant holiday.他向顧客們保證，他們一定能度過(guò)一個(gè)愉快的假期。

attend to ★★★ ①注意，留意；傾聽(tīng) ②致力于；處理 ③照料，照顧

【例】 ① I wish that I had attended to his advice.我當(dāng)初要是聽(tīng)他的忠告就好了。② He has a great deal to attend to today.他今天有許多事要處理。

③ You’d better attend to the children first—they need their breakfast.你最好先去照料孩子——他們要吃早飯。attribute to ★★★ 把??歸因于

【例】 She attributes her great age to a carefully planned diet.她認(rèn)為自己的高壽是飲食得當(dāng) 的結(jié)果。

back up ★ ①（使）后退 ②支持

【例】 ① Will you please back your car up? 請(qǐng)把你的車往后退好嗎？ ② The police wouldn’t have believed me if you hadn’t backed me up.如果你當(dāng)時(shí)不支持我，警察是不會(huì)相信我的。bargain for ★ ①為??討價(jià)還價(jià) ② [ 通常用于否定句] 預(yù)料；指望 【例】 ① They spent hours bargaining for the valuable painting.他們?yōu)檫@幅珍貴的油畫討價(jià)還價(jià)了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。

② I hadn’t bargained for such heavy rain, and got wet without a raincoat.我沒(méi)料到會(huì)下這么大的雨，結(jié)果因?yàn)闆](méi)帶雨衣，被淋濕了。base on/upon ★ 把??建立在??的基礎(chǔ)（或根據(jù)）之上

【例】 Direct taxation is usually based on income.直接稅通常是以收入為依據(jù)的。be about to ★★★ 剛要；馬上

【例】 We were just about to leave when you called.我們正要走的時(shí)候，你來(lái)電話了。be bound up in ★ 專心致志于，忙于

【例】 I’m sorry I couldn’t meet you.I was bound up in committee meetings.很抱歉我沒(méi)能見(jiàn)你，我那時(shí)正忙于委員會(huì)的會(huì)議。be bound up with ★ 與??有密切關(guān)系

【例】 Economic progress is closely bound up with educational development.經(jīng)濟(jì)的進(jìn)步和教育的發(fā)展息息相關(guān)。be composed of ★★ 由??組成

【例】 Water is composed of oxygen and hydrogen.水是由氧和氫組成的。be made up of ★★★ 由??組成

【例】 The new company is made up of several smaller organizations.這個(gè)新公司是由幾個(gè)較小的機(jī)構(gòu)組成的。be to blame ★ 該受責(zé)備；應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任

【例】 She is in no way to blame.她決不應(yīng)該受到譴責(zé)。bear in mind★ 記住，把??記在心里（=keep in mind）【例】 I’ll bear your advice in mind.我會(huì)記住你的忠告的。bear with ★ 忍受，容忍

【例】 I could not bear with his hot temper.我忍受不了他的急脾氣。beat about the bush ★ 轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角地說(shuō)，旁敲側(cè)擊

【例】 Say what you have to say and don’t beat about the bush.有什么就說(shuō)吧，別拐彎抹角了。become of ★ [ 主語(yǔ)為what 或whatever] 結(jié)果（如何）；遭遇（如何）

【例】 What became of the people who lived next door? 以前住在隔壁的人怎么樣了？ believe in ★★★ 信仰；相信

【例】 I believe in his good character.我相信他品德良好。belong to ★ ①為??所擁有 ②屬于，是??的成員

【例】 ① The blue coat belongs to Mary.那件藍(lán)外套是瑪麗的。② He has never belonged to a trade union.他從沒(méi)加入過(guò)工會(huì)。blame...on/upon ★ 把??歸咎于

【例】 You can’t blame the rise in prices on the government.你不能把物價(jià)上漲歸咎于政府。block off ★ 阻擋；隔開(kāi)；封鎖

【例】 The police blocked off the street where the gunman was hiding.警察封鎖了持槍者藏身的街道。

blow up ★ ①爆炸 ②（使）充氣 ③大發(fā)脾氣，大怒

【例】 ① A chemical factory blew up in that state.那個(gè)州的一家化工廠發(fā)生了爆炸。② Help me to blow up the tires, will you? 幫我把車胎打足氣，好嗎？

③ She had never thought he’d blow up so violently.她從沒(méi)想到他會(huì)發(fā)這么大的脾氣。boast about ★★ 吹噓，夸耀

【例】 She is always boasting about how clever her son is.她總是吹噓自己的兒子多么聰明。book in ★★ ①（替??）簽到 ②（為??）預(yù)訂（房間）

【例】 ① He booked in immediately on arrival at the office.他一到辦公室就簽到了。② I have booked you in at a hotel close to my house.我已經(jīng)在我家附近的一家旅館給你預(yù)訂了房間。break away ★★★ ①突然離開(kāi)；逃脫 ②脫離；脫落

【例】 ① Several prisoners broke away last night.昨晚好幾個(gè)囚犯逃跑了。② A lot of members of the Labor Party have broken away.許多工黨成員退黨。break away from★★ 擺脫；從??退出；放棄

【例】 Can’t you break away from old habits? 難道你就不能改掉舊習(xí)慣嗎？ break down ★★★ ①壞掉；失靈 ②（健康等）垮掉，崩潰

【例】 ① The lift broke down, so we had to walk up the stairs.電梯壞了，我們只好走上樓去。② His health broke down under severe strain.他的身體在極度緊張狀態(tài)下垮掉了。break in ★★★ ①破門而入 ②打斷談話，插嘴

【例】 ① I came home to discover that thieves had broken in and stolen everything.我回家后發(fā)現(xiàn)，小偷曾破門而入，把家里的東西全偷走了。

② Listen attentively;don’t break in so often.注意聽(tīng)，別老插嘴。break into ★★ 闖入，強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入

【例】 We had to break into the house as we had lost the key.由于丟了鑰匙，我們只好破門而入。break off ★★★ 中斷，突然停止

【例】 He broke off his work to answer the telephone.他停下手頭的工作去接電話。break one’s heart ★ 使某人傷心

【例】 Her husband’s death broke her heart.丈夫的去世使她悲痛欲絕。break the ice ★ 打破僵局；打破冷場(chǎng)

【例】 The President broke the ice by asking me how I liked New York.總統(tǒng)打破了沉默的局面，問(wèn)我覺(jué)得紐約怎么樣。

break through ★★ ①突圍 ②沖破 ③作出重要發(fā)現(xiàn)（或創(chuàng)見(jiàn)）

【例】 ① The soldiers have managed to break through.戰(zhàn)士們艱難地突出重圍。② The crowd broke through the lines of police.人群沖破了警察的警戒線。

③ They have broken through in various fields of research.他們?cè)诟鱾€(gè)研究領(lǐng)域都有所 突破。

break up ★★★ ①打碎；拆散 ②破裂；分裂；分解 ③（使）分散 ④（使）結(jié)束 【例】 ① The frost will break up the soil.霜凍會(huì)使土壤開(kāi)裂。② The marriage later broke up.這樁婚姻后來(lái)破裂了。

③ They tried to break up the meeting.他們企圖驅(qū)散集會(huì)的人。④ They decided to break up the partnership.他們決定終止合作關(guān)系。bring home to ★ 使清楚，使明白

【例】 A teacher should bring home to children the value and pleasure of reading.教師應(yīng)該使兒童認(rèn)識(shí)到閱讀的價(jià)值和樂(lè)趣。bring about ★★ 導(dǎo)致；帶來(lái)；引起

【例】 He brought about a quarrel between his parents.父母因?yàn)樗沉艘患?。bring around ★★ ①說(shuō)服 ②使恢復(fù)知覺(jué)（或健康）【例】 ① He wasn’t keen on the plan, but we managed to bring him around.他本來(lái)不喜歡這個(gè)計(jì)劃，但是我們?cè)O(shè)法說(shuō)服了他。

② I am sure the doctor’s new medicine will soon bring him around.我確信，醫(yī)生開(kāi)的新藥會(huì)使他很快康復(fù)。bring down ★★ ①使落下（或倒下）②降低，減少

【例】 ① The storm brought down almost all trees.這場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨幾乎把所有的樹(shù)都刮倒了。② Measures are taken to bring down the temperature in the workshop.車間里采取了 降溫措施。

bring forth ★★ ①產(chǎn)生；引起 ②提出

【例】 ① These efforts will surely bring forth good fruit.這些努力必將產(chǎn)生良好的結(jié)果。② He brought forth a new plan at the meeting.他在會(huì)上提出了一項(xiàng)新計(jì)劃。bring forward ★★★ ①把??提前 ②提出；提供

【例】① They have brought forward the date of their wedding by one week.他們把婚禮的日期提前了一個(gè)星期。

② I can bring forward more cases to illustrate my argument.我可以舉出更多的實(shí)例來(lái)說(shuō)明我的論點(diǎn)。bring up ★★★ ①養(yǎng)育；教養(yǎng) ②提出

【例】 ① She brought up five children.她養(yǎng)育了五個(gè)孩子。

② Don’t bring up that embarrassing topic.別提出那個(gè)令人尷尬的話題。build in ★★★ 使成為固定物；使成為組成部分

【例】 The cupboard in the kitchen was built in the walls.廚房里的碗櫥是嵌在墻上的。build into ★★ 使固定于；使成為??的一部分；

【例】 A completion date was built into the contract.完工日期寫入了合同。build on/upon ★ 把??建立于??的基礎(chǔ)上

【例】 Insurance business is built on trust.保險(xiǎn)業(yè)是建立在信任的基礎(chǔ)之上的。build up ★★★ ①逐步建立 ②增加；增強(qiáng)；增進(jìn) ③聚集；積累；集結(jié)

【例】 ① They have built up a good reputation.他們逐步建立起了良好的聲譽(yù)。② You must build up your strength after your illness.病愈后你必須增強(qiáng)體力。③ Clouds are building up over the sea.云在海面上聚集。bump into ★★★ 偶然遇見(jiàn)，碰見(jiàn)

【例】 He hopes to bump into some of his old classmates at the party.他希望能在聚會(huì)上碰見(jiàn)幾個(gè)老同學(xué)。

burn out ★ ①燒盡，燒完 ②熄滅；（熱情、怒氣等）消失 【例】 ① The candle burnt out.蠟燭燒盡了。② Don’t let the fire burn out.別讓火熄滅了。burst into ★★★ ①闖入，沖進(jìn) ②突然??起來(lái)；爆發(fā)出

【例】 ① Bill burst into the conference room.比爾闖進(jìn)了會(huì)議室。② She burst into song.她突然唱起歌來(lái)。burst out ★ ①大聲叫喊 ②突然??起來(lái)

【例】 ① “Don’t go out!” he burst out.“ 別出去！”他喊道。② He burst out crying like a child.他突然孩子似的哭了起來(lái)。call for ★★★ ①喊著要（某人）來(lái) ②要求；需要

【例】① The baby is calling for his mother.寶寶正喊著要媽媽。

② Such delicate negotiations call for great patience.這樣微妙的談判需要極大的耐心。call in ★★★ ①請(qǐng)??來(lái)；召??來(lái) ②叫??進(jìn)來(lái)（或進(jìn)去）

【例】 ① As the child’s condition grew worse, the parents called in a doctor.由于孩子的病情惡化，父母請(qǐng)來(lái)了醫(yī)生。

② Please call another student in.請(qǐng)叫另一個(gè)學(xué)生進(jìn)來(lái)。call it a day ★ 收工，今天到此為止

【例】 It’s getting pretty late — let’s call it a day.天很晚了，今天就干到這兒吧。call off ★★★ 取消

【例】 He phoned me and called the appointment off.他打電話給我，取消了約會(huì)。call on/upon ★★ ①訪問(wèn)，拜訪 ②要求；請(qǐng)求；號(hào)召

【例】 ① I hope to call on you at your office this afternoon.我希望今天下午到您的辦公室拜訪您。

② I now call upon the chairman to address the meeting.現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)主席為會(huì)議致詞。call up ★★★ ①打電話（給）②召集；征召??入伍 ③使人想起

【例】 ① I’ll call you up from the airport as soon as I land.我一下飛機(jī)就從機(jī)場(chǎng)給你打電話。② The commander called up all the forces for the attack.指揮員集中了全部兵力來(lái)進(jìn)攻。③ The smell of those flowers calls up my childhood.那些花兒的氣味讓我想起了童年。cannot(help)but ★ ①不得不 ② [ 后面跟不帶to 的不定式] 不由得，不禁要 【例】 ① He cannot but admit that he was wrong.他只好承認(rèn)自己錯(cuò)了。② I could not but weep at the sad news.聽(tīng)到這則不幸的消息，我禁不住哭了。cannot help ★★ [ 后面跟動(dòng)名詞] 不禁要，忍不住要

【例】 I couldn’t help laughing when I saw his haircut.看到他的發(fā)型，我忍不住笑了。care for ★★★ ①照顧，照料 ②喜歡；喜好；愛(ài)

【例】 ① He is caring for his elderly parents.他照顧著年邁的父母。② He cares for her deeply.他深深地愛(ài)著她。carry forward ★★ 推進(jìn)；發(fā)展；發(fā)揚(yáng)

【例】 After the death of the store’s founder, his sons carried forward the business.這家商店的創(chuàng)建人去世以后，他的兒子們繼續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)。carry off ★★★ 拿走；奪走；偷走

【例】 Thieves carried off the farmer’s sheep during the night.小偷夜里把農(nóng)民的羊偷走了。carry on ★★★ 繼續(xù)，進(jìn)行下去

【例】 We can carry on our discussion after lunch.我們可以午飯后繼續(xù)討論。carry out ★★★ ①實(shí)行；執(zhí)行；進(jìn)行 ②完成；實(shí)現(xiàn)

【例】 ① We expect him to carry out his promise.我們期待著他履行諾言。

② Once the work is started, it must be resolutely carried out.工作一旦開(kāi)始，就必須 堅(jiān)決完成。

carry weight ★ 有分量；有影響

【例】 Any recommendation of this professor carries(great)weight.這位教授的任何推薦都(很)有分量。

cast off ★ 拋棄，丟棄

【例】 Some people cast off clothing long before it is worn out.有些人衣服還沒(méi)有穿破就扔了。catch at ★★ 試圖抓住；拼命抓住

【例】 He caught at the ball but missed it.他想去接球，但沒(méi)接住。catch hold of ★ 抓??；得到

【例】 He caught hold of a log and was saved from drowning.他抓住了一根木頭，因而沒(méi)有 淹死。

catch on ★★★ ①流行起來(lái) ②懂得，理解

【例】 ① I don’t think this strange new fashion will catch on.我看這種奇特的新樣式不會(huì)流行 起來(lái)。

② It took me a while to catch on.我過(guò)了一會(huì)兒才明白過(guò)來(lái)。catch sight of ★★★ 發(fā)現(xiàn)；突然看見(jiàn)

【例】 We caught sight of the boat as it emerged from the thick fog.船從濃霧中出現(xiàn)時(shí)，我們 看見(jiàn)了它。

catch up with ★★★ 趕上

【例】 When will this country catch up with Japan in industrial production? 在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)上，這 個(gè)國(guó)家什么時(shí)候能趕上日本？

centre around ★ 以??為中心；集中于

【例】The discussion centred around reducing waste.討論集中在減少浪費(fèi)的問(wèn)題上。check out ★★★ 結(jié)賬后離開(kāi)（旅館）

【例】 Bob checked out an hour ago.鮑勃一小時(shí)前結(jié)賬離開(kāi)旅館了。check up ★★ 檢查（身體）；核實(shí)

【例】 I asked the doctor to check me up.我請(qǐng)醫(yī)生檢查一下我的身體。check up on ★★ 檢查；調(diào)查；核實(shí)

【例】 Let’s check up on our stocks of fuel.咱們檢查一下貯存的燃料吧。cheer up ★★★ 高興起來(lái)；振作起來(lái)

【例】 She’ll cheer up when she sees her son.她看到兒子后會(huì)高興起來(lái)的。clean up ★★★（把??）收拾干凈

【例】 She cleaned up before we arrived.我們到達(dá)之前她就收拾干凈了。clear away ★★★ 拿走；移開(kāi)；清除

【例】 Please clear your papers away so that I can serve dinner.請(qǐng)把你的報(bào)紙拿走，我好把 飯菜端上來(lái)。

close down ★★★ 停業(yè)，停產(chǎn)

【例】 When the supermarket opened, many small shops had to close down.這家超市開(kāi)業(yè) 后，許多小店只好關(guān)門。

close in ★ 逼近，迫近；包圍過(guò)來(lái)

【例】 Darkness was gradually closing in.夜幕漸漸降臨了。collide with ★★ 與??相撞

【例】 As the bus turned the corner, it collided with a van.公共汽車在拐角處轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)和一輛貨 車相撞。

come about ★★★ 發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生

【例】 How did this accident come about? 這個(gè)事故是怎么發(fā)生的？ come across ★★★ 偶然遇見(jiàn)，碰上

【例】 She came across some old letters in the course of her search.她在找東西時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一 些舊信件。

come at ★★★ ①攻擊；沖向 ②獲知；發(fā)現(xiàn)；了解到

【例】 ① That man came at me with a big stick.那名男子拿了根大木棍向我沖來(lái)。② It was a long time before we came at the truth.過(guò)了好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間我們才了解到事實(shí) 真相。

come between ★★ ①使分開(kāi)；離間 ②妨礙；打擾 【例】 ① We shouldn’t let a little thing like this come between us.我們不應(yīng)該讓這樣的小事使

我們之間產(chǎn)生隔閡。

② He won’t let anything come between him and his daily work.他不讓任何事情妨礙他 的日常工作。

come into effect ★★ 實(shí)施；開(kāi)始生效

【例】 New laws to control rising prices have come into effect.控制物價(jià)上漲的新法律已經(jīng)開(kāi) 始生效。

come out ★★★ ①出現(xiàn)，顯露出來(lái) ②被披露；被獲知 ③結(jié)果是

【例】 ① The stars came out as soon as it was dark.天一黑，星星就出來(lái)了。② At last the truth has come out.真相終于大白了。③ How did the story come out? 故事的結(jié)局如何? come to ★★★ ①蘇醒，恢復(fù)知覺(jué) ②總數(shù)為，共計(jì) ③涉及；談到

【例】 ① He fell unconscious and didn’t come to until he reached the hospital.他失去了知覺(jué)，到了醫(yī)院才蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)。

② The bill came to ＄130.賬單共計(jì)130 美元。

③ When it comes to politics, I am completely at sea.說(shuō)到政治，我是一竅不通。come true ★★（預(yù)言、期望等）實(shí)現(xiàn)，成為事實(shí)；應(yīng)驗(yàn)

【例】 His hope of living to 100 did not come true.他想活到100 歲的愿望沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)。come up ★★★ 出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生

【例】 I’ve been looking for a new job, but nothing suitable has come up yet.我一直在找一份 新工作，但還沒(méi)找到合適的。

come up to ★★（在質(zhì)量等方面）比得上；達(dá)到（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等）

【例】 Your recent work hasn’t come up to your earlier standards.你最近的工作沒(méi)有達(dá)到以 前的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

compare to ★★★ 把??比作

【例】 Poets have compared death to sleep.詩(shī)人把死亡比作睡眠。compare with ★★★ ①把??和??相比 ②比得上

【例】 ① If we compare French schools with British schools, we find there are many differences.如果把法國(guó)的學(xué)校和英國(guó)的學(xué)校相比較，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)許多不同之處。

② Social life in a village cannot compare with that of a large city.鄉(xiāng)村的社交生活比不 上大城市。

compensate for ★★ 賠償；彌補(bǔ)

【例】 Nothing can compensate for the loss of one’s health.失去的健康無(wú)可彌補(bǔ)。concentrate on ★★★ ①集中精力于 ②將??集中于

【例】 ① I can’t concentrate on my work when I am hungry.我餓了就無(wú)法集中精力工作。② We must concentrate our efforts on improving our quality of service.我們必須致力 于改善服務(wù)質(zhì)量。

consist of ★★★ 由??組成（或構(gòu)成）

【例】 The committee consists of twelve members.該委員會(huì)由12 個(gè)成員組成。contrast with ★★（通過(guò)比較表明）與??有差異；與??形成對(duì)照

【例】 Her actions contrasted sharply with her promises.她的行動(dòng)和她的諾言有天壤之別。contribute to ★★★ 有助于；促成；導(dǎo)致

【例】 Fresh air and exercise contribute to good health.新鮮空氣和運(yùn)動(dòng)有助于身體健康。cope with ★★★ 有效地應(yīng)付；妥善處理

【例】 There was too much work for our computer to cope with.需要我們的計(jì)算機(jī)處理的東 西太多了。

correspond to ★★ 相當(dāng)于；與??相似

【例】 The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.美國(guó)的國(guó)會(huì)相當(dāng)于英國(guó) 的議會(huì)。

count for ★★★ 有??價(jià)值；有??重要性

【例】 Such men do not count for anything.這樣的人沒(méi)有什么用處。count on/upon ★★ 依靠，指望

【例】 We can always count on him(for help/to help us)in any emergency.在任何緊急情況 下我們總是能夠指望他的幫助。

cover up ★★★ ①把??蓋起來(lái) ②隱藏；掩蓋；掩飾

【例】 ① Cover up the soup so that the flies don’t get at it.把湯蓋起來(lái)，免得讓蒼蠅碰到。② She tried to cover up her nervousness as she waited to make her speech.在等候講話時(shí)，她竭力掩飾自己的緊張情緒。cut back ★★★ 減少，縮減

【例】 They were forced to cut back the education budget.他們被迫削減教育預(yù)算。cut down ★ 削減；減少

【例】 The doctor told him to cut down his consumption of fat.醫(yī)生建議他減少脂肪的攝入量。cut in ★★ 插嘴，打斷

【例】 She always cuts in when other people are talking.別人談話時(shí)她老插嘴。cut off ★★★ ①切斷；阻斷；打斷 ②使分離；使隔絕

【例】 ① The fence cuts off our views of the sea.籬笆擋住了我們觀看大海的視線。② Why did he cut himself off from society like that? 他為什么那樣與世隔絕？ date back to ★ 追溯到（=date from）

【例】 My interest in stamp collecting dates back to my schooldays.我從學(xué)生時(shí)代開(kāi)始就愛(ài)好 集郵。

deal in ★★★ 經(jīng)營(yíng)，做??生意

【例】 Do you still deal in paint and wallpaper? 你還在經(jīng)營(yíng)油漆和墻紙生意嗎？ deal with ★★★ 處理；對(duì)付

【例】 I’m used to dealing with matters of this sort.我習(xí)慣于處理這類事情。deceive into ★★ 欺騙??（去做某事）

【例】 They deceived us into buying a house that would be pulled down soon.他們騙我們買了一座很快就要拆的房子。depart from★★ 背離；違反

【例】 We cannot depart from our regular practice in such cases.在這種情況下，我們不能背 離我們的常規(guī)做法。

depend on/upon ★ 依靠，依賴；取決于

【例】 Health depends on good food, fresh air and enough sleep.健康靠的是有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物、新鮮的空氣和充足的睡眠。derive from★★★ 從??中得到

【例】 He derives a lot of pleasure from meeting new people.他從結(jié)識(shí)新交中得到許多樂(lè)趣。descend from★★ 起源于；從??傳下來(lái)；是??的后裔

【例】 This house descended from our ancestors.這所房子是從我們祖上傳下來(lái)的。descend to ★（境況、聲譽(yù)等）降低到，墮落到

【例】 You ought to be ashamed of yourself for having descended to such falsehood.你竟然 墮落到這么虛偽的地步，自己應(yīng)該感到害臊。devote to ★★★ 把??專用于；把??獻(xiàn)給

【例】 I have to devote part of my income to paying my debts.我得把部分收入用于還債。die away★（聲音、風(fēng)、光等）變?nèi)?，逐漸消失，逐漸止息

【例】 The hum of conversation died away as the curtain rose.大幕拉開(kāi)時(shí)，嗡嗡的談話聲漸 漸止息了。

die for★★ ［ 僅用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)］ 渴望，熱切期望 【例】 I’m dying for a cup of water.我真想喝杯水。die of ★★ 因??而死

【例】 They died of hunger and cold.他們死于饑寒交迫。

die out ★★★ ①（習(xí)俗、做法等）消失，過(guò)時(shí) ②（家族、物種等）滅絕，絕跡 【例】 ① Many old customs are gradually dying out.許多舊習(xí)俗正在逐漸消失。② Elephants would die out if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.如果人們可以隨意射殺大象，大象就可能滅絕了。

direct to ★★★ ①對(duì)??講（或?qū)懀诮o??指去??的路

【例】 ① Please direct your complaints to the manager.請(qǐng)你去向經(jīng)理投訴。② Can you direct me to the post office? 請(qǐng)問(wèn)到郵局怎么走？ dispose of ★★★ 丟掉；除掉，處理掉

【例】 We have disposed of the rubbish.我們已經(jīng)對(duì)那些垃圾進(jìn)行了處理。do away with ★★★ 廢除；除掉；取消；擺脫

【例】 It is time to do away with some of the old laws.該是廢除某些舊法律的時(shí)候了。do one’s utmost ★ 竭盡全力

【例】 The ambassador did his utmost to prevent the outbreak of war.大使竭盡全力防止戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) 的爆發(fā)。

do without ★★★ 沒(méi)有??也行，無(wú)須

【例】 No one can do without sleep for very long.長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不睡覺(jué)，誰(shuí)都受不了。draw in ★★ ①（天）漸黑；（白晝）漸短 ②（汽車或火車）到站

【例】 ① We got near our destination as day drew in.快黃昏時(shí)我們接近了目的地。② That express drew in ten minutes late.那列快車晚點(diǎn)10 分鐘進(jìn)站。draw up ★★★ ①起草，擬訂 ②（使）停住

【例】 ① He drew up a list of the guests for the dinner.他擬出一份出席宴會(huì)的客人名單。② I drew the horse up only in time to avoid hitting the child.我剛好及時(shí)勒住了馬才沒(méi) 有撞上孩子。

dream of ★★★ ①夢(mèng)見(jiàn)，夢(mèng)到 ②向往，渴望

【例】 ① I dreamed of my grandmother last night.昨晚我夢(mèng)見(jiàn)了奶奶。

② When I was young, I dreamed of becoming a surgeon.我年輕時(shí)渴望成為一名外科 醫(yī)生。

drop by ★★★ 順便（或偶然）訪問(wèn)（=drop in）【例】 Drop by some time.有空就順便過(guò)來(lái)坐坐。drop out ★★★ 退出；輟學(xué)；

【例】 She got a scholarship to Cambridge but dropped out a year later.她得到了劍橋大學(xué)的 獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，但一年后就退學(xué)了。dwell on/upon ★★ 老是想著；細(xì)想，全神貫注于

【例】 She is a person who dwells upon her grieves.她是個(gè)老想著傷心事的人。emerge from★★★ 從??中出來(lái)（或出現(xiàn)）

【例】 The moon emerged from the clouds.月亮從云層后面顯露出來(lái)。end in ★★★ 以??為結(jié)果，結(jié)果是；導(dǎo)致

【例】 Their marriage ended in divorce.他們的婚姻以離婚而告終。end up ★★★ 終結(jié)，告終

【例】 If you don’t slow down, you’ll end up in hospital.你要是不減速，最后會(huì)出事進(jìn)醫(yī)院的。enter into ★★★ ①進(jìn)入；進(jìn)入??狀態(tài) ②開(kāi)始；開(kāi)始考慮；著手處理

【例】 ① These words have entered into general use.這些詞已經(jīng)被廣泛使用。② They entered into negotiation with their business rivals.他們開(kāi)始同生意的對(duì)手 談判。

entitle to★★★［ 常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)］ 使??有權(quán)（做某事）；使有獲得??的資格

【例】 Only members of the company are entitled to use the facilities.只有公司職員才有權(quán)使 用這些設(shè)施。

expel from★★ ①把??從??中趕走（或開(kāi)除）②把??從??中排出

【例】 ① The headmaster may expel the boy from the school.校長(zhǎng)可能要開(kāi)除這個(gè)男孩兒。② The whale expelled water from his blowhole.這頭鯨從鼻孔把水排出。expose to ★★★ 使受??的作用（或影響）

【例】 Stay indoors and don’t expose your skin to the sun.呆在室內(nèi)，別讓皮膚在太陽(yáng)下暴曬。face up to ★★★ 勇敢地應(yīng)付；正視，承認(rèn)

【例】 You must learn to face up to your responsibilities.你必須學(xué)會(huì)勇敢地承擔(dān)起自己的 責(zé)任。

fall back ★★★ 后退；退卻

【例】 The crowd fell back to let the policemen through.人群向后退去，以便讓警察通過(guò)。fall behind ★★ 落后

【例】 He always falls behind when we are going uphill.我們登山時(shí)，他總是落在后面。fall in love(with)★ 愛(ài)上，喜愛(ài)

【例】 I’ve fallen in love with your beautiful house.我已經(jīng)喜歡上了你這座漂亮的房子。fall short of ★★★ 達(dá)不到（目的、要求等）

【例】 Your work falls short of the expected standard.你的工作沒(méi)有達(dá)到預(yù)期的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。fall to ★★ 開(kāi)始（做某事）

【例】The old friends met and fell to talking about their school days.老朋友一見(jiàn)面就開(kāi)始談 論起他們的學(xué)生時(shí)代。

feed on/upon ★★ 以??為食

【例】 Sheep feed mostly on grass.羊主要以草為食。feel like ★★★ 想要

【例】 I feel like a cup of tea.我想喝杯茶。figure out ★ 理解；弄明白

【例】 I’ve never been able to figure him out.我一直不能理解他。file for ★★★ 正式要求，申請(qǐng)

【例】 They have filed for divorce.他們已經(jīng)正式申請(qǐng)離婚。fill in ★★★ ①填滿；填平②填寫；填入

【例】① They filled in the hole with dirt.他們用土把這個(gè)洞填平了。② Please fill in this application form.請(qǐng)?zhí)顚戇@張申請(qǐng)表。find fault with ★★ 抱怨；挑剔，找??的岔子

【例】 Mary seems to find fault with everything.瑪麗好像對(duì)什么都吹毛求疵。find out ★★★ 找出，查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)

【例】 They have found out the truth.他們已經(jīng)查明了真相。fit in ★★★ 相處融洽，適應(yīng)環(huán)境

【例】 Sophie joined the local drama club but didn’t seem to fit in, so she left.索菲參加了當(dāng)?shù)氐膽騽【銟?lè)部，但她似乎不適應(yīng)那里的環(huán)境，因此退出了。fit in with ★ 與??相符（或一致、相配等）

【例】 Her account fits in with the facts.她的敘述跟事實(shí)相符。focus on/upon ★★ 聚焦于；集中于

【例】 Many firms are focusing on increasing their markets overseas.許多公司注意擴(kuò)大海外 市場(chǎng)。

get across ★★ 被人理解

【例】 Your meaning didn’t really get across.你的意思并沒(méi)有真正被人理解。get ahead ★★ 獲得成功；取得進(jìn)展

【例】 It is easier for a person with a good education to get ahead.受到良好教育的人更容易 獲得成功。

get along with ★★★ ①與??相處融洽 ②在??方面取得進(jìn)展

【例】 ① He doesn’t get along with anybody in the office.他與辦公室的人都合不來(lái)。② How is your daughter getting along with her English? 你女兒的英語(yǔ)學(xué)得怎么樣？ get back ★★★ ①返回 ②取回

【例】 ① Libby left for Reno on Monday and won’t get back until Saturday.莉比星期一到里 諾去了，星期六才能回來(lái)。

② He has got back the land his family lost.他重新獲得了他們家失去的土地。get by ★★ ①走過(guò)去 ②勉強(qiáng)過(guò)得去；

【例】 ① Let me get by, please.請(qǐng)讓我過(guò)去。

② Your work will get by, but try to improve it.你的工作還過(guò)得去，不過(guò)要設(shè)法改進(jìn)。get down ★★ ①下來(lái) ②使沮喪

【例】① The bus was so jammed that I couldn’t get down.公共汽車很擁擠，我都下不了車。② This wet weather is getting me down.這種陰濕天氣讓我打不起精神。get into ★★★ ①對(duì)??發(fā)生興趣 ②陷入；卷入 ③進(jìn)入；滲透進(jìn)

【例】 ① Jack got into radio when he was only twelve.杰克12 歲的時(shí)候就對(duì)無(wú)線電感興趣了。② It’s easier to get into debt than to get out of it again.負(fù)債容易還債難。③ The dust has got into my eye.灰塵落入了我的眼睛。get nowhere ★ 無(wú)進(jìn)展；無(wú)結(jié)果

【例】 The police tried to find out who had stolen the money, but they got nowhere in their inquiries.警方想查出誰(shuí)偷了錢，但他們的調(diào)查沒(méi)有任何結(jié)果。

get over ★★★ ①?gòu)模膊?、失望等）中恢?fù)過(guò)來(lái) ②克服 ③將??講清楚

【例】 ① It took me a long time to get over my cold.我這次感冒很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才好。② The singer has to learn to get over his fear of the public.歌手必須學(xué)會(huì)克服面對(duì)觀 眾的恐懼心理。

③ There is no point in having brilliant ideas unless you can get them over.有好主意而 表達(dá)不出來(lái)是毫無(wú)用處的。get rid of ★★★ 擺脫；除去；處理掉

【例】 It’s time we got rid of the old furniture.我們?cè)摪堰@些舊家具處理掉了。get through ★★★ ①干完，完成 ②挨過(guò)

【例】 ① I’ve got through a lot of correspondence today.我今天寫了很多信。② I don’t think they can get through the next year on your income.我覺(jué)得他們靠你的 收入是熬不過(guò)明年的。give away ★★★ 贈(zèng)送；分發(fā)

【例】 He gave away his books to a local library.他把自己的書籍捐獻(xiàn)給了當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患覉D書館。give birth to ★★★ ①生（孩子）；產(chǎn)（仔）②造成；引起；產(chǎn)生

【例】① She has given birth to two sets of twins.她已經(jīng)生下了兩對(duì)雙胞胎。② Their experiments gave birth to a new drug.他們?cè)囼?yàn)出了一種新藥。give in ★★★ ①屈服；讓步 ②交上，呈上

【例】 ① The rebels were forced to give in.叛亂分子被迫投降了。② Please give your papers in when you have finished.考卷答完后請(qǐng)上交。give in to ★ 讓步于；屈從于

【例】 Only a coward gives in to his fate.只有膽小鬼才屈從于命運(yùn)。give off ★★★ 發(fā)出（光、聲音等）；散發(fā)出（氣味）

【例】 The cooker is giving off a funny smell.鍋里冒出一股怪味。give out ★★ 分發(fā)，散發(fā)

【例】 Give out the question papers ten minutes before the examination.開(kāi)考10 分鐘前發(fā)試卷。give rise to ★★★ 引起；導(dǎo)致；使產(chǎn)生

【例】 Her disappearance gave rise to the wildest rumors.她的失蹤引起了各種流言蜚語(yǔ)。give up ★★★ 停止，終止；放棄；戒掉

【例】 The doctor told Sharon to give up sweets to loose weight.醫(yī)生要沙倫別再吃糖果，以 減輕體重。

give way ★★★ ①讓路 ②讓步；屈服

【例】 ① He gave way at the door and let an old lady go in before him.他在門口讓開(kāi)路，讓 一位老太太先進(jìn)去。

② My new evidence forced him to give way.我的新證據(jù)迫使他屈服了。go after ★★★ 追趕；追捕；追逐，追求

【例】 He goes after every woman he meets.他對(duì)女人是見(jiàn)一個(gè)追一個(gè)。go against ★★★ ①違反，違背 ②不利于

【例】 ① He went against my wishes when he did that.他那樣做違背了我的意愿。② The case may go against you.這個(gè)案子可能對(duì)你不利。go back on ★★★ 違背（諾言等）

【例】 He went back on his word and refused to lend us the money.他違背諾言，拒絕借錢給 我們。

go by ★★★ ①（時(shí)間）過(guò)去；從旁邊經(jīng)過(guò) ②遵守；遵循，依據(jù)

【例】 ① When the days seem to go by slowly, you can tell you are not enjoying yourself.當(dāng)日子似乎過(guò)得很慢時(shí)，你就可以肯定自己過(guò)得不快活。② He always goes by the rules.他總是按規(guī)矩辦事。

go for ★★★ ①盡力想獲得；選擇 ②攻擊；抨擊 ③喜愛(ài)，喜歡 ④適用于 【例】① I think I’ll go for the fruit salad.我想我還是要水果沙拉吧。

② The two dogs went for each other as soon as they met.這兩條狗碰到一起就打架。③ She goes for tall slim men.她喜歡瘦高個(gè)子的男子。

④ Listen carefully, because this goes for you all.認(rèn)真聽(tīng)，這對(duì)你們大家都適用。go from bad to worse ★ 越來(lái)越壞，每況愈下

【例】 The boy’s conduct in school has gone from bad to worse.這個(gè)男孩兒在學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)越 來(lái)越差。

go in for ★★★ ①?gòu)氖?，致力于；參加（比賽等）②?ài)好；沉迷于

【例】① Thousands of students are going in for the examination.成千上萬(wàn)的學(xué)生要參加這 次考試。

② I have never gone in for dancing.我從不喜歡跳舞。

go into ★★★ ①進(jìn)入；住進(jìn)；進(jìn)入（某種狀態(tài)等）②參加；開(kāi)始從事 ③調(diào)查；研究 【例】① The new regulation goes into effect today.新章程即日生效。

② I am hoping to go into television when I graduate.我希望畢業(yè)后能從事電視行業(yè)。③ The police are going into the murder case.警方正在調(diào)查這起謀殺案。go off ★★★ 爆炸；開(kāi)火；突然響起

【例】 The alarm went off when the thieves got in.小偷一進(jìn)去，警鈴就響了。go out of one’s way ★ 特地，不怕麻煩地

【例】 The shop assistant went out of his way to find what we needed.那位店員不厭其煩地 尋找我們所需要的東西。

go over ★★★ ①仔細(xì)檢查 ②復(fù)習(xí)

【例】 ① He went over the account in detail.他詳細(xì)檢查了賬目。

② They went over their lessons together at night.他們晚上一起復(fù)習(xí)功課。go through ★★★ ①仔細(xì)檢查 ②經(jīng)歷；遭受 ③獲得通過(guò)；被批準(zhǔn)

【例】 ① She went through his pockets and eventually found the keys.她仔細(xì)檢查了他的口 袋，終于找到了鑰匙。

② The country has gone through too many wars.這個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

③ As soon as his divorce went through, they got married.他的離婚申請(qǐng)一獲批準(zhǔn)，他 們就結(jié)婚了。

go to extremes ★ 走極端；采取極端的手段；說(shuō)（做）得過(guò)分 【例】 She goes to extremes in everything.凡事她都走極端。go wild ★★ 極度興奮；狂怒

【例】 The crowd went wild as soon as Jack stepped onto the stage.杰克一登臺(tái)，人們頓時(shí)群情激動(dòng)。

go without saying ★ 不用說(shuō)，不言而喻，理所當(dāng)然

【例】 It goes without saying that a person with weak eye should wear glasses.不言而喻，視 力不佳的人應(yīng)該戴眼鏡。go wrong ★★★ 弄錯(cuò)，犯錯(cuò)誤

【例】 If you read the instructions, you’ll see where you went wrong.你要是看一下說(shuō)明書，就知道自己錯(cuò)在哪兒了。

grow out of ★★★ 產(chǎn)生于，原出自

【例】 All our troubles grow out of lack of money.我們的一切麻煩都是因?yàn)槿卞X。guard against ★★★ 防止；防范

【例】 Brush your teeth to guard against tooth decay.經(jīng)常刷牙，預(yù)防齲齒。hand down ★★ 把??傳下去

【例】 This painting has been handed down from father to son for generations.這幅畫父子相 傳已經(jīng)好幾代了。

hand in ★★★ 交上；提交

【例】 Please hand in your papers at the end of the exam.考試完畢請(qǐng)把試卷交上來(lái)。hand over ★★★ 交出；移交

【例】 The captain was unwilling to hand over the command of his ship(to a younger man).船長(zhǎng)不愿移交船的指揮權(quán)(給一個(gè)比他年輕的人)。hang by a thread ★★ 千鈞一發(fā)，岌岌可危

【例】 He is very sick and his life hangs by a thread.他病得很重，生命危在旦夕。hang on ★★ 堅(jiān)持；抓緊，抓住

【例】 Your task is tedious and difficult, but you must hang on till it is done.你的任務(wù)單調(diào)而艱

難，但是你一定要堅(jiān)持到最后。

hang together ★ 團(tuán)結(jié)在一起；同心協(xié)力

【例】 I hope we shall all hang together in this emergency.我希望在這種緊急情況下我們大家 團(tuán)結(jié)一致。

have a bearing on ★ 與??有關(guān)；對(duì)??有影響

【例】 This has no bearing on the question we are discussing.這與我們正在討論的問(wèn)題無(wú)關(guān)。have a hand in ★★ 參與；介入

【例】 He made all the arrangements himself, and would let no one else to have a hand in them.他獨(dú)自安排一切事務(wù)，不讓任何人插手。head for ★★ 朝??行進(jìn)；向??走去

【例】After the play we all headed for the bar.看完戲后我們都去了酒吧。hear about ★★ 聽(tīng)說(shuō)，聽(tīng)到，得知

【例】 I’ve only just heard about his dismissal.我剛聽(tīng)到他被解雇的事。hear from★★ 收到??的信（或電話等）

【例】 I heard from him last week.我上周收到他一封信。help oneself ★ 自用，自取（食物等）

【例】 The food is all laid out on the table and you help yourself.食物都擺在桌子上了，請(qǐng)自 己取用吧。

help out ★ 使某人脫離困境

【例】 My mother helped me out when I lost my job.我失業(yè)時(shí)，我媽媽幫了我一把。hold back ★★★ ①阻擋；阻止；抑制 ②保守（秘密等）；隱瞞 【例】① He bravely held back his tears.他強(qiáng)忍著不讓眼淚流出來(lái)。

② We were sure he was holding something back from us.我們肯定他有事瞞著我們。hold up ★★★ ①支持；支撐 ②使延遲；使停頓

【例】 ① The pillar holds up the roof.柱子支撐著屋頂。

② Thick fog held the express up for three hours.濃霧使這列快車耽誤了三個(gè)小時(shí)。hunt down ★★ 窮追；追捕到

【例】 The police have hunted down the escaped prisoner.警察已經(jīng)追捕到那個(gè)逃犯。identify with ★ 把??等同于

【例】 One cannot identify happiness with wealth.不能把幸福和財(cái)富混為一談。idle away ★ 虛度（光陰）；浪費(fèi)（時(shí)間）

【例】 They idled the afternoon away, playing cards.他們用打牌來(lái)消磨整個(gè)下午的時(shí)間。impose on/upon ★ 把??強(qiáng)加于 【例】 This proposal would impose a great burden on the country’s finances.這個(gè)計(jì)劃會(huì)給國(guó) 家的財(cái)政增加很大的負(fù)擔(dān)。

indulge in ★★ 沉溺于，沉迷于；盡情享受

【例】 He is a busy man and seldom indulges in a holiday.他是個(gè)忙人，難得有時(shí)間好好度假。inform of ★★ 將（某事）通知或報(bào)告（某人）

【例】 Please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有變化，請(qǐng)盡 快通知我們。

inquire into ★ 調(diào)查；查問(wèn)；探究

【例】 We must inquire further into the matter.我們必須進(jìn)一步調(diào)查此事。insist on/upon ★ ①堅(jiān)決要求 ②堅(jiān)決主張

【例】 ① She insisted on our going by train.她堅(jiān)決要求我們乘火車去。② He always insists on discipline in the classroom.他一貫強(qiáng)調(diào)課堂紀(jì)律。interfere in ★★ 干涉，干預(yù)

【例】 You should not interfere in other people’s arguments.你不應(yīng)該干預(yù)別人的爭(zhēng)論。interfere with ★★★ 干擾；妨礙

【例】 The sound of the radio upstairs interferes with my work.樓上收音機(jī)的聲音妨礙我工作。invest in ★★ 投資于

【例】 Many people think it safest to invest in property.許多人認(rèn)為投資房地產(chǎn)最保險(xiǎn)。keep an eye on ★★ ①照料，照看 ②留神；密切注意

【例】 ① Keep an eye on the baby while I hang out the wash.我到外面去晾衣服，你照看一 下孩子。

② The police have been keeping an eye on the thief ever since he came out of prison.那個(gè)小偷出獄后，警方一直密切注意著他。

keep off ★★ ①（使）不接近②不吃（食品、藥物等）【例】 ① Smoke will keep off mosquitoes.煙會(huì)把蚊子薰走。

② After his illness, he kept off beer for a year.生病以后，他有一年沒(méi)沾啤酒。keep pace(with)★★（與??）齊頭并進(jìn)，跟得上

【例】 Could you slow down a bit? I can’t keep pace(with you).你慢一點(diǎn)好嗎？我跟不上。keep track of ★★★ 與??保持聯(lián)系

【例】 It’s hard to keep track of all one’s old school friends.與所有的老校友都保持聯(lián)系很難。

keep up ★★★（使）繼續(xù)下去；保持

【例】 They keep up the habit of visiting old friends.他們保持著看望老朋友的習(xí)慣。keep up with ★★★ 跟上；與??齊頭并進(jìn)

【例】 I can’t keep up with all the changes in computer technology.我跟不上計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的這 一切變化。

knock down ★★★ ①擊倒；撞倒 ②使降價(jià) ③拆除；拆散

【例】 ① A truck knocked the gate down.一輛卡車把大門撞倒了。

② I managed to knock him/his prices down(from ＄120 to ＄80).我設(shè)法壓下了他的價(jià) 格(從120 美元減到80 美元)。

③ Our house is being knocked down to make way for a new road.我們的房子正在被 拆掉，以便騰出地方修一條新路。

lay aside ★★★ ①把??放在一旁；放棄 ②留存，儲(chǔ)存

【例】 ① We had to lay aside our plans for increasing production.我們不得不放棄我們的增 產(chǎn)計(jì)劃。

② He laid aside the prize for a rainy day.他把獎(jiǎng)金儲(chǔ)存了起來(lái)，以備不時(shí)之需。lay claim to ★★★ 聲稱對(duì)（財(cái)產(chǎn)、遺產(chǎn)等）有權(quán)利

【例】 Several people have laid claim to the money found.已有好幾個(gè)人聲稱這些找到的錢是 自己的。

lay down ★★★ ①放下，擱下 ②規(guī)定；制定

【例】① We called on them to lay down their arms.我們要求他們放下武器。② He has laid down a plan for the holidays.他擬定了一個(gè)度假計(jì)劃。lay off ★★★（暫時(shí)）解雇

【例】 Some firms lay off some workers when business is slack.有些公司在生意清淡時(shí)就解 雇一些工人。

lay out ★★★ 鋪開(kāi)；擺好；展示

【例】 She laid out the map on the table.她把地圖鋪在桌上。lean on/upon ★★ 依靠，依賴

【例】 The minister leans on his advisors(for support).這位部長(zhǎng)依靠他的顧問(wèn)們（給予支持）。learn of ★★★ 獲悉，得知，了解

【例】 I’m sorry to learn of your illness.聽(tīng)說(shuō)你病了，我很難過(guò)。learn sth.by heart ★ 默記；熟記

【例】 This is a good poem and I’ll try to learn it by heart.這是首好詩(shī)，我要把它背下來(lái)。leave alone ★ 讓??獨(dú)自呆著；不觸動(dòng)；不打擾

【例】 I’ve told you to leave my things alone.我告訴過(guò)你別動(dòng)我的東西。leave behind ★★★ 把??撇在后面；不帶；忘了帶

【例】 The plane is about to leave, and I’ve left my ticket behind!飛機(jī)就要起飛了，我卻忘了 帶機(jī)票！

let alone ★★★ 更別提，更不用說(shuō)

【例】 He is too ill to get out of bed, let alone go shopping.他病重得都起不了床，更不用說(shuō)出 去買東西了。let down ★ 使失望

【例】 I am counting on you to support me;don’t let me down.我指望著你支持我，可別讓我 失望。

lie in ★★★ 在于；位于

【例】 His chief attraction lies in his character, not his looks.他的主要吸引力在于他的性格，而不在于他的外貌。

lie with ★★★ 是??的義務(wù)（或職責(zé)）；取決于

【例】 It lies with you to decide whether we should go or not.我們?cè)摬辉撊?，由你說(shuō)了算。light up ★★★ 照亮；點(diǎn)燃

【例】 A flare lit up the sky.一顆照明彈照亮了天空。listen in ★ 收聽(tīng)；監(jiān)聽(tīng)；偷聽(tīng)

【例】 I didn’t realize he was listening in last night.昨天晚上，我沒(méi)有意識(shí)到他在偷聽(tīng)。live on ★★★ 靠??生活

【例】 It must be very difficult to live on such a low salary.靠這么低的工資生活一定很困難。live through ★★ 經(jīng)過(guò)??之后還活著；經(jīng)歷過(guò)

【例】 I am afraid he won’t live through the night.我擔(dān)心他活不過(guò)今天晚上。live up to ★★★ 遵守；履行，實(shí)踐（諾言、原則等）【例】 He has no intention of living up to his promise.他無(wú)意履行自己的諾言。long for ★★★ 渴望，極想得到

【例】 The children are longing for the holidays.孩子們渴望放假。look back on ★★ 回顧，回憶

【例】 When I look back on my childhood, I realize how fortunate I was.當(dāng)我回顧童年時(shí)，我 意識(shí)到自己是多么的幸運(yùn)。

look down on/upon ★ 看不起，輕視

【例】 You shouldn’t look down on the people who have never been to university.你不應(yīng)該瞧 不起那些沒(méi)上過(guò)大學(xué)的人。look for ★★★ 尋找；尋求

【例】 I am looking for a suitable hotel;can you suggest one? 我正在找一家合適的旅館；你 能不能推薦一家？

look forward to ★★★ 欣然期待，盼望

【例】 We’re so much looking forward to seeing you again.我們是那么盼望再見(jiàn)到你。look into ★★★ 調(diào)查；觀察；研究

【例】 They are looking into the possibility of buying a house.他們正在研究買座房子的可能性。look on ★★★ ①旁觀，觀望 ②看待；考慮

【例】 ① Only one man tried to help us, and the rest just looked on in silence.只有一個(gè)人試 圖幫助我們，其他人只是默默地觀望。

② I look on him as my own son.我把他看作自己的兒子。look out ★★★ 注意，留神

【例】 You’ll catch cold if you don’t look out.要是你不注意，就會(huì)得感冒。look out for ★★ 密切注意，提防

【例】 Look out for hidden rocks!當(dāng)心暗礁！look over★★★ 把??（很快）看一遍

【例】 I’ve looked over the plans, but I haven’t studied them in detail.這些計(jì)劃我瀏覽了，但

還沒(méi)仔細(xì)研究。

look to ★★ 注意，留心；照顧；看管

【例】 You should look to your health.你應(yīng)該注意健康。

look up ★★★ ①好轉(zhuǎn)，好起來(lái) ②（在詞典等中）查找；查（詞典等）【例】 ① The weather is looking up at last.天氣終于好轉(zhuǎn)了。

② He is looking up their phone numbers in the directory.他正在電話簿里查他們的電 話號(hào)碼。

look up to ★ 尊敬

【例】 Children are usually taught to look up to their teachers.人們通常教育孩子尊敬老師。lose heart ★ 失去勇氣，喪失信心

【例】 I used to dig the garden every week, but I lost heart when the rain washed all the plants away.過(guò)去我每周都給花園松土，可是當(dāng)這場(chǎng)雨把所有的植物都沖走時(shí)，我泄氣了。lose one’s temper ★ 發(fā)脾氣，發(fā)怒

【例】 He was behaving so stupidly that I nearly lost my temper.他的行為如此愚蠢，我?guī)缀?要發(fā)脾氣。

lose oneself in ★ 專心致志于；沉醉于

【例】 On a dull winter afternoon, I like to sit by the fire and lose myself in a good book.18 在陰沉沉的冬季午后，我喜歡坐在火爐旁，全神貫注地讀一本好書。lose sight of ★ 看不見(jiàn)

【例】 She lost sight of him in the crowd.她在人群中看不見(jiàn)他。major in ★★★ 主修（大學(xué)的課程）

【例】 She majored in American Literature(at university).她(在大學(xué))主修美國(guó)文學(xué)。make a difference ★ 有影響；起（重要）作用

【例】The rain didn’t make much difference to the game.這場(chǎng)雨對(duì)比賽影響不大。make for ★★★ ①走向，朝??前進(jìn) ②有助于

【例】 ① It started to rain, so she made for the nearest shelter.開(kāi)始下雨了，于是她向最近的 避雨處奔去。

② The large print makes for easy reading.大號(hào)字體便于閱讀。make friends(with)★★★（與??）交朋友；（與??）和好

【例】 It took them a long time to make friends after the quarrel.他們吵架后很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間才 和好。

make it ★★★ ①及時(shí)到達(dá) ②獲得成功

【例】 ① I think we’ll just make it.我看我們會(huì)及時(shí)到達(dá)。② He’s never made it as an actor.他當(dāng)演員從未獲得成功。make peace ★ 言和，和解

【例】 Stop fighting, you two — shake hands and make(your)peace(with each other)!你們 倆別打了——握手言和吧！

make sense ★★ 有意義；有道理；講得通

【例】 What you say doesn’t make sense.你的話沒(méi)有道理。make sure ★★★ ①查明，弄確實(shí) ②務(wù)必，確保

【例】① I think I locked the door, but I’ll just go back to make sure(of it / that it is).我想我鎖

上了門，但我還是要回去查看一下。

② Make sure that you get here before midnight.你務(wù)必在午夜之前到達(dá)這里。make the acquaintance of sb.★★ 結(jié)識(shí)某人；與某人相見(jiàn)

【例】 I made the acquaintance of Tom at a party.我是在一個(gè)聚會(huì)上認(rèn)識(shí)湯姆的。make up ★★★ 捏造；虛構(gòu)

【例】 He made up a poor excuse for being late.他為遲到編造了一個(gè)不能自圓其說(shuō)的理由。make up for ★★★ 補(bǔ)償；彌補(bǔ)

【例】 Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.往往勤能補(bǔ)拙。make use of ★★★ 利用；運(yùn)用；使用

【例】 You should train them to make use of reference books.你應(yīng)該訓(xùn)練他們使用參考書。make way ★★ 讓路，騰出地方（或位置）

【例】When the older men retire, they make way for younger men to take their places.老年人退休時(shí)便把位置讓給了青年人。may as well ★ 倒不如；不妨

【例】 You may as well tell him the truth.你倒不如把真相告訴他。narrow down ★（范圍）縮小

【例】 The police have narrowed down their list of suspects.警方已經(jīng)縮小了嫌疑人的范圍。never mind ★★★ 不用擔(dān)心，不要緊，沒(méi)關(guān)系

【例】 Did you miss the bus? Never mind, there would be another one in five minutes.你是不 是錯(cuò)過(guò)了公共汽車？別擔(dān)心，五分鐘后還有一輛。object to ★★★ 反對(duì)，不贊成；抗議

【例】I object to being treated like this.我對(duì)受到這樣的待遇表示抗議。occur to ★★ 被想起，被想到

【例】 The possibility that she might be wrong never even occurred to her.她根本沒(méi)想到自己 可能會(huì)錯(cuò)。

owe to ★★★ 把??歸功于；把??歸因于

【例】 She owes her success to good luck.她認(rèn)為自己的成功是因?yàn)檫\(yùn)氣好。participate in ★★★ 參與，參加

【例】 Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.希望全班同學(xué)都 來(lái)參加這些討論。

pass away ★★ 去世，逝世

【例】 His mother passed away peacefully in her sleep last night.他母親昨晚在睡眠中安詳?shù)?離開(kāi)了人世。

pass by ★★★ 經(jīng)過(guò)，從??旁走過(guò)

【例】 I passed by your house last night at about ten o’clock.我昨晚大約10 點(diǎn)鐘的時(shí)候經(jīng)過(guò) 你家。

pass through ★★★ 通過(guò)，穿過(guò)

【例】 The crowd was so dense that we had great difficulty passing through it.人群擁擠得很，我們費(fèi)了很大勁才擠過(guò)去。

pay attention to ★★★ 注意；專心聽(tīng)

【例】 You should pay more attention to your health.你要多注意身體。pick out ★★ 挑出；選出

【例】 He picked out the ripest peach.他把熟得最透的那個(gè)桃子揀了出來(lái)。

pick up ★★★ ①拿起；撿起 ②取（物）；用車接載（人）③獲得；（偶然或無(wú)意地）學(xué)到 【例】 ① He picked up the receiver as soon as the phone rang.電話鈴一響他就拿起了聽(tīng)筒。② I’ll drive over and pick you up this evening.今晚我開(kāi)車過(guò)來(lái)接你。

③ I don’t know where my children have picked up those rude words!我真不知道我的 孩子們?cè)谀膬簩W(xué)到的那些粗話！

play a part in ★ 在??中扮演角色；參與；在??中起作用 【例】 Luck played a part in his success.他的成功有運(yùn)氣的成分。point out ★★★ 指出；指明

【例】 We’ll correct out mistakes, whoever points them out.不論誰(shuí)指出我們的錯(cuò)誤，我們都 會(huì)改正。

point to ★★★ 指向；指著

【例】 The needle of a compass points to the north.羅盤的針指向北方。prefer to ★★★ 更喜歡；覺(jué)得還是??更可取

【例】I prefer walking to cycling.我愿意步行，而不愿意騎自行車。profit by ★ 從??中獲益（或得到教訓(xùn)）（= profit from）

【例】 You can profit by my mistake and avoid them yourself.你可以從我的錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，避免重蹈覆轍。

prohibit from★ 禁止??做

【例】 Good manners prohibit me from so rude an answer.禮貌不允許我如此粗魯?shù)鼗卮稹ull down ★ 拆毀；毀壞 【例】 They are pulling down those houses to make room for a new hotel.他們?cè)诓鹉切┓孔?，為新建的旅館騰地方。

pull out ★★★ ①拔出；取出 ②駛出

【例】 ① You might help us pull out these weeds.請(qǐng)幫助我們拔去這些雜草。② I arrived as the last train was pulling out.我到達(dá)時(shí)，末班火車剛剛開(kāi)出。pull over ★★ 把（車）駛到（或駛向）路邊

【例】 Pull your car over and let me pass!把你的車開(kāi)到路邊，讓我過(guò)去！pull through ★★★ 渡過(guò)難關(guān)；恢復(fù)健康

【例】 He’s very ill, but with careful nursing he’ll pull through.他病得很厲害，但只要細(xì)心照料，他會(huì)恢復(fù)健康的。

pull up ★★ 使（車）停下；（車）停下

【例】The car pulled up when the light turned red.汽車在燈變紅時(shí)停了下來(lái)。put aside ★★★ ①儲(chǔ)存；保留 ②把??放在一邊；暫不考慮

【例】 ① We have put aside some money for a holiday.我們存了一些錢供度假用。② They decided to put aside their differences.他們決定拋開(kāi)彼此的分歧。put away ★★★（用完后）放好，收好

【例】 Put the books away in the cupboard.把那些書放回柜子里去。put down ★★★ 記下，寫下

【例】 Let me put down your telephone number.讓我把你的電話號(hào)碼記下來(lái)。put emphasis on ★★ 強(qiáng)調(diào)，注重

【例】 Many schools put great emphasis on language study.許多學(xué)校注重語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)。put forward ★★★ 提出（建議、計(jì)劃等）

【例】 They have put forward a plan for reducing the level of traffic.他們提出了一項(xiàng)減少交通流量的計(jì)劃。put in a(good)word for ★ 為??說(shuō)好話

【例】 Send in your application for the post, and I’ll put in a(good)word for you if I get the opportunity.你把求職申請(qǐng)交上去，如有機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)為你說(shuō)好話的。put into practice ★ 實(shí)施；實(shí)行

【例】 It is one thing to have theories, and another to put them into practice.擁有理論是一回

事，將理論付諸實(shí)施是另一回事。put off ★★★ 推遲，推延

【例】 I had to put off my holidays because of pressure of work.因工作繁忙，我不得不推遲 假期。

put out ★★★ 熄滅；關(guān)（燈）

【例】 Please put the light out when you leave the room.離開(kāi)房間時(shí)，請(qǐng)關(guān)燈。put up ★★★ ①建造；搭起 ②張貼；公布

【例】 ① They will put up a supermarket near our house.他們將在我們家附近建一家超市。② The examination results will be put up on the notice board tomorrow.考試結(jié)果明天 將在布告牌上公布。

put up with ★★★ 容忍；忍受

【例】 I don’t know how he puts up with her.我不明白他怎么能容忍她。rack one’s brains ★ 絞盡腦汁

【例】 I racked my brains but could not remember where I had seen him before.我冥思苦想，卻仍記不起我以前在什么地方見(jiàn)過(guò)他。react on / upon ★ 影響；對(duì)??起作用

【例】 Certain acids react on metals to cause chemical changes.有些酸對(duì)金屬起作用而引起 化學(xué)變化。

reckon on / upon ★ 指望；盼望

【例】 We’re reckoning on moving house in May.我們指望著5 月搬家。reconcile with ★ 使與??一致；使與??協(xié)調(diào)

【例】 How do you reconcile your political principles with your religious beliefs? 你如何使自己 的政治原則與宗教信仰相協(xié)調(diào)？

refer to ★★★ ①提到，說(shuō)起 ②查閱，查看；參考

【例】 ① Don’t refer to this matter again, please.請(qǐng)不要再提這件事了。

② Let me just refer to my notes to find the exact figures.讓我查閱一下筆記，找出確 切的數(shù)字。

regard as ★★★ 把??看作；認(rèn)為??是

【例】 We regard your action as a crime.我們認(rèn)為你的行為是犯罪。relate to ★★★ 有關(guān)，涉及

【例】 These proposals relate only to agricultural land.這些建議只涉及農(nóng)業(yè)用地。require of ★★★ [ 常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)] 要求；命令

【例】 Silence is required of all examination candidates.所有應(yīng)試者都應(yīng)保持安靜。resort to ★★★ 求助于；訴諸；憑借

【例】 The mother resorted to punishment to make the child obey.母親用懲罰的手段來(lái)讓孩 子順從。

respond to ★★★ 對(duì)??作出反應(yīng)

【例】 She responded to my suggestion with a laugh.她對(duì)我的建議報(bào)以一笑。rest with ★ 由??負(fù)責(zé)；取決于；歸于

【例】 The choice rests entirely with you.完全由你來(lái)選擇。result from★★★ 起因于，由于

【例】 His death resulted from an overdose of drugs.他死于用藥過(guò)量。result in ★★★ 導(dǎo)致；結(jié)果是

【例】 The game resulted in another victory for our team.比賽的結(jié)果是我們隊(duì)又贏得一場(chǎng)勝利。revolve around ★★★ 以??為核心；圍繞??進(jìn)行

【例】 The action of the play revolves around the struggle between two women.該劇的情節(jié) 圍繞著兩個(gè)女人之間的沖突展開(kāi)。rise to ★★★ 奮起應(yīng)付；有能力應(yīng)付

【例】 He could be expected to rise to the challenge.他會(huì)奮起迎接這次挑戰(zhàn)的。rule out ★★★ 排除；排除??的可能性

【例】 The police have ruled out suicide.警方已經(jīng)排除了自殺的可能性。run out ★★★ 用完；耗盡

【例】 Our petrol is running out.我們的汽油快用完了。run over ★★★（撞倒并）碾過(guò)

【例】 I ran over a rabbit this morning.我今天早晨開(kāi)車軋死了一只兔子。see off ★ 為??送行

【例】 He saw his sister off at the airport.他到機(jī)場(chǎng)為妹妹送行。see to ★★★ 注意，照料

【例】 I’ll see to everything here.這里的一切由我來(lái)照料。see(to it)that ★★ 一定注意使，務(wù)必使，保證做到

【例】 Would you see to it that the children get a hot meal after their swim? 孩子們游泳后，請(qǐng)務(wù)必讓他們吃頓熱飯好嗎？ seize on/upon ★ 抓住并立即利用

【例】 He would seize upon any excuse to justify himself.他會(huì)利用各種借口為自己辯解。send for ★★ 派人去請(qǐng)；召喚

【例】 Send for a doctor!派人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生！send in ★★★ 呈報(bào)；提交；送交

【例】 Listeners sent in their suggestions to the radio station.聽(tīng)眾把他們的建議寄給了電臺(tái)。set about ★★★ 開(kāi)始，著手

【例】 We set about clearing up the mess.我們開(kāi)始把亂七八糟的東西清理干凈。set down ★★★ 寫下，記下

【例】 I’ve set down everything that happened.我把所發(fā)生的一切都記了下來(lái)。set off ★★★ 出發(fā)，啟程

【例】 They set off in search of the lost child.他們出發(fā)去尋找那個(gè)丟失的孩子。set out ★★★ 動(dòng)身，啟程

【例】 She set out at dawn.天一亮她就動(dòng)身了。set up ★★★ 創(chuàng)立；建立

【例】 The council set up a committee to look into unemployment.市議會(huì)成立了一個(gè)委員會(huì) 來(lái)調(diào)查失業(yè)問(wèn)題。

settle down ★★★ 定居；過(guò)安定的生活

【例】 I hate all this travel;I want to get married and settle down.我討厭到處跑；我想結(jié)婚，過(guò)安定的生活。

settle in ★★★ 遷入（新居、新環(huán)境）；安居

【例】 We only moved house last week and we haven’t settled in yet.我們上星期才搬的家，還沒(méi)安頓下來(lái)呢。

share in ★★ 分享；分擔(dān)

【例】 I will share in the cost with you.我愿意與你分?jǐn)傔@筆費(fèi)用。share out ★ 分配；均分

【例】 How shall we share out the money we have collected? 我們?nèi)绾畏峙涫盏降倪@些捐款？ show off ★★★ 炫耀，賣弄

【例】 He couldn’t wait to show off his new car to his friends.他迫不急待地在朋友面前炫耀新車。

show to ★★★ 引領(lǐng)??到；指給??看去??的路

【例】 I’ll show you to the office where you can wait for the manager.我領(lǐng)您到辦公室，您可 以在那里等候經(jīng)理。

shut down ★★★（使）關(guān)閉；（使）停工

【例】 They’ve shut down the mine.他們關(guān)閉了這個(gè)礦。shut in ★★★ 把??關(guān)在里面；禁閉

【例】 Last month he shut himself in for days on end.上個(gè)月他一連幾天沒(méi)有出門。side with ★★ 支持，站在??的一邊

【例】 Frank sided with David in the argument.弗蘭克在辯論中站在大衛(wèi)一邊。sign in ★★★ 簽到

【例】 We have to sign in when we arrive at the office.我們到辦公室時(shí)必須簽到。single out ★ 選出，挑出

【例】 He was singled out for special training.他被選拔出來(lái)接受專門訓(xùn)練。sit out ★ 耐著性子看完（或聽(tīng)完）；坐著挨到??結(jié)束（= sit through）

【例】 Although we were bored to death by the play, we sat it out in silence.雖然我們覺(jué)得這 出戲悶得要死，我們還是靜靜地坐著挨到終場(chǎng)。

slow down★★★（使）慢下來(lái)；（使）減速（= slow up）

__________【例】 His bad leg slows him down a lot.他受傷的腿使他走路慢多了。sort out ★★★ ①挑出，揀出；整理 ②弄清楚；解決

【例】 ① Sort out the papers to be thrown away, and put the rest back.把要扔掉的文件挑出 來(lái)，其余的放回原處。

② You’d better send someone over to sort the situation out.你最好派人過(guò)去把情況弄 清楚。

speak out ★★ 大聲地說(shuō)；大膽地說(shuō)

【例】 Speak out, young man, I want to hear exactly what you think.大膽說(shuō)吧，年輕人，我 正想聽(tīng)聽(tīng)你的想法。

specialize in ★★★ 專門研究，專攻

【例】 He specializes in oriental history.他專門研究東方史。speculate about ★★ 思考；推測(cè)，猜測(cè)

【例】 I wouldn’t like to speculate about the reasons for her resignation.我不想猜測(cè)她辭職的 原因。

speed up ★★★（使）加快速度

【例】 The new system will speed up the process of applying for a passport.這一新制度將加 快申請(qǐng)護(hù)照的過(guò)程。

spring up ★ 突然出現(xiàn)；迅速生長(zhǎng)（發(fā)展或增加）

【例】 A breeze sprang up as we were returning.我們回來(lái)時(shí)，突然刮起一陣輕風(fēng)。stand by ★★★ ①袖手旁觀 ②站在??一邊，支持

【例】 ① How can you stand by and do nothing when she needs help? 在她需要幫助時(shí)，你 怎么能坐視不管呢？

② I’ll stand by you whatever happens.不論發(fā)生什么事，我都會(huì)支持你。stand for ★★★ 代表；象征；

【例】 The olive branch stands for peace.橄欖枝象征和平。stand in ★★★ 代替他人，作替身；代表他人

【例】 She often stands in before a scene is filmed.在正式拍攝一個(gè)場(chǎng)景之前，她常常充當(dāng)演 員的替身。

stand out ★★★ 突出，引人注目

【例】 The tall tower stood out among the low buildings.高塔在低矮的建筑群中特別顯眼。stand up to ★★★ ①勇敢地面對(duì) ②經(jīng)得起；頂?shù)米?/p>

【例】 ① He stood up to the bigger boys who tried to bully him.他敢于反抗那些比他大的想 欺負(fù)他的男孩兒。② Your argument just won’t stand up to close scrutiny.你的論點(diǎn)經(jīng)不起仔細(xì)推敲。stem from★★★ 起源于，出自

【例】 The difficulty stems from their failure to plan properly.困難是源于他們沒(méi)有計(jì)劃好。step in ★★★ 介入；干涉；插手

【例】 If the dispute gets any worse, the government will have to step in.如果爭(zhēng)端惡化，政 府將不得不進(jìn)行干預(yù)。

stick to ★★★ ①粘貼在??上；附著于 ②堅(jiān)持；忠于，信守

【例】 ① This stamp won’t stick to the envelope!這枚郵票粘不到信封上！

② No whisky for me, please;I’ll stick to beer.請(qǐng)別給我拿威士忌酒，我就喝啤酒。subject to ★★★ ①使服從于 ②使經(jīng)歷（或遭受）

【例】 ① Will you subject yourself to the judgment of the court? 你打算服從法院的判決嗎？ ② They were subjected to great suffering.他們經(jīng)歷了巨大的痛苦。submit to ★★★ 屈服于；聽(tīng)從；服從

【例】 They refused to submit to the unfair decision.他們拒絕服從這個(gè)不公正的決定。substitute for ★★★ 代替，替代

【例】 Can you substitute for me at the meeting? 你代我去開(kāi)會(huì)好嗎？ suffer from★★ 患有（疾?。?；為??所苦

【例】 She’s suffering from loss of memory.她患有遺忘癥。sum up ★★★ 總結(jié)；概括；歸納

【例】 Now sum up your views in a few words.現(xiàn)在用幾句話把你的觀點(diǎn)概括一下吧。surrender to ★ 屈服于；讓步于.【例】 He shouldn’t have surrendered to political pressure.他不該屈服于政治壓力。take a fancy to ★ 喜歡上，愛(ài)上

【例】 Which of the rings do you take a fancy to? 這些戒指你看中了哪一個(gè)？ take account of ★ 考慮到；顧及

【例】 Their estimate of the cost does not take account of inflation.他們估算成本時(shí)并沒(méi)有把 通貨膨脹考慮在內(nèi)。

take advantage of ★★★ 利用；占??的便宜

【例】 You should take advantage of the fine weather to paint the fence.你應(yīng)該利用這好天氣 油漆一下籬笆。

take as ★★★ 把??看作

【例】 She took what he said as a compliment.她把他的話看作是恭維話。take away ★★★ 減去

【例】 If you take four away from ten, that leaves six.10 減4 得6。take charge of ★★ 開(kāi)始管理；接管

【例】 He took charge of the family business after his father died.父親去世后，他接管了家里 的生意。

take delight in ★ 以??為樂(lè)

【例】 She takes delight in teasing her sister.她以取笑妹妹為樂(lè)。take for ★ 以為??是

【例】 Do you take me for a fool? 你以為我是傻瓜嗎？ take for granted ★ 認(rèn)為??是理所當(dāng)然；認(rèn)為??屬實(shí)

【例】 I took it for granted that you would be coming to the meeting.我認(rèn)為你一定會(huì)來(lái)開(kāi)會(huì)。take into account ★★★ 考慮到，顧及 【例】 When judging his performance, don’t take his age into account.在評(píng)定他的表現(xiàn)時(shí)，不要考慮他的年齡。take on ★★★ 承擔(dān)；從事

【例】 He is always ready to take on heavy responsibilities.他總是樂(lè)于挑重?fù)?dān)。take over ★★★ 接管；接收；接任；接辦

【例】 I took over the furniture of the previous tenant.我接收了以前房客的家具。take part(in)★★★ 參加，參與

【例】 This is a game that everyone can take part in.這是每個(gè)人都可以參加的游戲。take place ★★★ 發(fā)生；進(jìn)行；舉行

【例】 What took place between them that night? 那天晚上他們之間發(fā)生了什么事？ take up ★★★ 開(kāi)始從事；著手處理

【例】 He took up the piano when he was five.他5 歲開(kāi)始學(xué)鋼琴。talk into ★★ 說(shuō)服（某人）做（某事）

【例】 He talked me into changing my job.他說(shuō)服我更換工作。tell apart ★ 區(qū)分，辨別

【例】 The two brothers are so much alike that I can hardly tell them apart.這兄弟倆長(zhǎng)得非常 相像，我?guī)缀醴直娌怀鰜?lái)。thirst for ★★ 渴望；渴求

【例】 Some young people thirst for adventure.有些年輕人渴望冒險(xiǎn)。tide over ★ 使渡過(guò)困難時(shí)期

【例】 I can give you enough money to tide you over until next month.我可以給你一些錢，足 以幫你維持到下個(gè)月。

touch on/upon ★ 談到；論及；涉及

【例】 In her speech she touched on the need for further economies.她在講話中提到了進(jìn)一 步節(jié)約的必要性。

try out ★★★ 試，試驗(yàn)；試用

【例】 Before I buy the washing machine, I’d like to try it out.在買這臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)之前，我想先試 用一下。

turn down ★★★ ①關(guān)小，調(diào)低 ②拒絕

【例】 ① Please turn down the heating.請(qǐng)把暖氣調(diào)小一些。

② He proposed to her, but she turned him down.他向她求婚，但她拒絕了。turn in ★★★ 交還；上交

【例】 Please turn your old parking permit in at the end of the month.請(qǐng)?jiān)谠碌捉簧夏愕呐f停 車許可證。

turn out ★★★ 結(jié)果是，原來(lái)是；證明是

【例】He turned out to be a friend of my brother.他原來(lái)是我兄弟的朋友。turn over ★★★ 翻身；翻轉(zhuǎn)

【例】 She turned over and went back to sleep.她翻了一個(gè)身又睡著了。turn round★ 使（情況等）好轉(zhuǎn)（=turn around）

【例】 In under three years she had completely turned the company round.不到三年，她就 使公司的情況完全好起來(lái)了。

turn to ★★★ 求助于；求教于；查閱

【例】 All sorts of people turned to him for advice.各種各樣的人都向他求教。turn up ★★★ ①開(kāi)大，調(diào)大 ②出現(xiàn)；來(lái)到

【例】 ① Turn the radio up a little.It’s too low.把收音機(jī)開(kāi)響一點(diǎn)。聲音太低了。② Her name is often turning up in the newspapers.她的名字經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙上。view as ★★★ 把??視為

【例】 They viewed the attack on the ship as an act of war.他們把對(duì)那艘船的攻擊視作戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) 行為。

wait for ★★★ 等，等候

【例】 Wait for me, please.請(qǐng)等我一會(huì)兒。watch out ★★★ 當(dāng)心，小心

【例】 Watch out!There is danger ahead.當(dāng)心！前面有危險(xiǎn)。wear out ★★ 穿破；磨損；用壞

【例】 The children wear out their shoes quickly.孩子們很快就會(huì)把鞋子穿壞。while away ★ 消磨（時(shí)間）

【例】 We whiled away the time at the airport by reading magazines.我們?cè)跈C(jī)場(chǎng)閱讀雜志打 發(fā)時(shí)間。

win over ★★ 說(shuō)服；把??爭(zhēng)取過(guò)來(lái)

【例】 She’s against the idea, but I’m sure I can win her over.她反對(duì)這個(gè)意見(jiàn)，但是我保準(zhǔn) 能說(shuō)服她改變主意。

work at ★★★ 從事，致力于

【例】 I’ve been working at my essay all day.我一整天都在寫論文。work out ★★★ ①計(jì)算；算出 ②理解；弄明白 ③想出；制訂出

【例】 ① He has worked out the amount of the material required.他已計(jì)算出所需材料的數(shù)量。② I can’t work out the meaning of this poem.我弄不懂這首詩(shī)的意思。

③ We must work out a better method of saving paper.我們必須找出一種更好的方法 節(jié)約紙張。

worry about ★★★ 擔(dān)心；為??發(fā)愁

【例】 She worries far too much about her health.她太過(guò)于擔(dān)心自己的身體了。would rather...(than)★ 寧愿??（而不愿）

【例】 Which would you rather do, go to the cinema or stay at home? 你愿意去看電影還是呆 在家里？

write down ★★★ 記下，寫下

【例】 She wrote down what I said.她把我的話記了下來(lái)。yield to ★★ 屈服于；順從于；向??投降

【例】 She yielded to temptation and had another piece of chocolate.她禁不住誘惑，又吃了 一塊巧克力。__

第二篇：考前沖刺：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)高分作文亮點(diǎn)詞匯總結(jié)

考前沖刺：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)高分作文亮點(diǎn)詞匯總結(jié)

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)高分作文亮點(diǎn)心經(jīng)：

1、是否長(zhǎng)短句交叉；

2、是否會(huì)使用插入語(yǔ)；

3、用詞是否多樣，切確，形象，盡量使用能夠吸引閱卷教員眼球的閃光詞；

4、關(guān)頭詞是否換用，切勿老用一再詞；

5、句型使用是否切確、地道。

下面給出寫好一篇作文的注重事項(xiàng)：

1.恰當(dāng)用被凍╂換自動(dòng)，這樣能更客不美觀的反映事實(shí)，句子開(kāi)首不要老是用we / I（好比寫結(jié)尾時(shí)不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to.）舉個(gè)經(jīng)典結(jié)尾2004年六月六級(jí)作文的最后一段：It is ,therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that.By doing so, its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively.2.長(zhǎng)于使用插入語(yǔ)，好比說(shuō)把副詞、毗連詞等，作插入語(yǔ)放在中心，一般放在趾笫覽ヒ幄動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞后，雙方分袂加上逗號(hào)。

如however / therefore /for example/I believe 做插入語(yǔ)放在中心，一般放在動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞后，雙方分袂加上逗號(hào)。

好比說(shuō)： Other individuals, however, take the attitude that ?

3.必然要學(xué)會(huì)換詞，換形象，具體的替代太寬泛的。（考試一一般不要呈現(xiàn)good, bad , many, thing, think，people, opinion 等等）好比膳縵沔例子中，applicable替代proper, approaches替代ways, implement替代carry out, sharpen one's competitive edge替代enhance one's competitiveness（提高某物競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力）

下面舉一篇南京工程學(xué)院某位同窗寫的優(yōu)異作文（14分）的例子，看看他是若何運(yùn)用各類寫作技巧的。這位同窗把教員上課講的各類寫作手法和出色替代和句型都用上了，作文有了很大的提高。

Computer and I（By Simmy）

I never forget the exceedingly thrilling day when my mother bought me a computer as birthday present, which exerted a tremendous fascination on me so that i indulged myself in googling an army of useful information i had expected ,and enjoy a sea of melodious classic music.That night I was sleepless, feeling that the whole world belonged to me.exceedingly 替代 very

thrilling 替代 exciting

sth.exert a tremendous fascination on sb 替代 sb.be interested in sth.google 替代 search

an army of 替代 a lot of

The dawn of the new century witnessed the increasing popularity of computers.Coincident with the advancement of science and technology, computers pouring into the current society as a fashion are appealing to growing individuals.It is no exaggeration to say we have been submerged by them, in large measure!

The dawn of the new century witnessed 是一個(gè)出色句型，用來(lái)描述在某個(gè)時(shí)代發(fā)生了什么工作;Increasing popularity 替代 more and more popular

Coincident with ? 很是地道的句型，表達(dá)“與?一致”的意思，替代 With ?

Advancement 替代 development

Pour into（flood into / swarm into）替代 enter into

Current（currently）替代 now

Appeal to sb.替代 sb.be interested in sth.Growing individuals 替代 more and more people

It is no exaggeration to say 經(jīng)典句型，說(shuō)某事是毫不磕張的

For a start, we can, freely, search desired information at any moment.Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened.Additionally, we can get huge recreations online by chatting, playing games, or delivering email.For a start 替代 To begin with

We can, freely, search 用了插入語(yǔ)的寫作手法

our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened.用了很是出色的被動(dòng)

Additionally 替代 In addition / Besides

Deliver 替代 send

There is no denying that , however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings, in a way, especially the growing violence ,***, porn pictures, AV-films emerging on the screen , which leads quiet a few net citizens to copying.There is no denying that , however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings, 這個(gè)句子有三個(gè)出色之處，首先There is no denying that這個(gè)句型，還有however作為插入語(yǔ)，function in the disservice of 替代 do harm to

Emerging 替代 appearing（fading 替代 disappearing）

Net citizen 網(wǎng)平易近，屬于出色用詞

As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds.Computers do play a positive role in the development of people' lives, despite a slice of unfavorable impacts.We should ,therefore, take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet.No garden has no weeds 替代 Every coin has two sides

Computers do play，do 強(qiáng)調(diào)

Positive 替代 important / good 等

A slice of 替代 a part of

Unfavorable 替代 bad

Impacts 替代 effects / influences

We should, therefore, take advantage of ? 使用插入語(yǔ)

Fruits（而且fruits 用的很是形象，merits/ virtues）替代 advantage（defects 替代 disadvantage）Facet 替代 aspect

以下是30個(gè)最經(jīng)典的替代詞，可以參考：

1.individuals,characters, folks替代（people ,persons）

2: positive, favorable, rosy（夸姣的）, promising（有但愿的）, perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替代good

3.dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill（有害的）替代bad

如不美觀bad做表語(yǔ)，可以有be less impressive替代

eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms.When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.（an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most）替代many.注：用many, if not most 必然要小心，many后必然要有詞。

Eg.Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that?.同理 用most, if not all ,替代most.5.a slice of, quiet a few , several替代some

6.harbor the idea that, take the attitude that，hold the view that, it is widely shared that，it is universally acknowledged that）替think

（因?yàn)槭菚嬲Z(yǔ)，所以要加that）

7.affair ,business ,matter 替代thing

8.shared 代 common

9.reap huge fruits 替代get many benefits）

10:for my part ,from my own perspective 替代 in my opinion

11:Increasing（ly）,growing 替代more and more（注重沒(méi)有g(shù)rowingly這種形式。所以當(dāng)潤(rùn)色名詞時(shí)用increasing/growing.潤(rùn)色形容詞，副詞用increasingly.Eg.sth has gained growing popularity.Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替代hardly

13??beneficial, rewarding替代helpful，14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替代customer

15.exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替代very

16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable ?? 替代 unnecessary, avoidable

17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替代sb take interest in / sb.be interested in

18.capture one's attention替代attract one's attention.19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect

20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear

21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替代cause.22.There are several reasons behind sth 替代??reasons for sth

23.desire 替代want.24.pour attention into 替代pay attention to

25.bear in mind that 替代remember

26.enjoy, possess 替代have（注重process是過(guò)程的意思）

27.interaction替代communication

28.frown on sth替代 be against , disagree with sth

29.to name only a few, as an example替代 for example, for instance

30.next to / virtually impossible,替代nearly / almost impossible

第三篇：考前沖刺：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)高分作文亮點(diǎn)詞匯總結(jié)2

為寫作增加亮點(diǎn)四六級(jí)作文常見(jiàn)精

彩開(kāi)頭法

幾種常見(jiàn)的開(kāi)頭法

(1)主題句法：the appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects.(2)the biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class.believe it or not, optical illusion(錯(cuò)覺(jué))can cut highway crashes.(2)問(wèn)題法：do you know how many people die from traffic accidents every 23 minutes?

why does cream go bad faster than butter?

(3)對(duì)比法：some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse.they see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust.other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay.they hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.(4)數(shù)據(jù)法：according to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.honesty:根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，大學(xué)生向老師請(qǐng)假的理由當(dāng)中78%都是假的。

living off campus:根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，35%的學(xué)生不住宿舍，而是在學(xué)校外面租房子住。

youth:根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，在某個(gè)大學(xué)，學(xué)生的課余時(shí)間的70%都是在休閑娛樂(lè)。

the latest statistics show that ?

(5)故事法：six o’clock yesterday(june 20th, friday)afternoon when i was walking along the riverbank of our school, an unbelievable scene caught my eyes.(6)引語(yǔ)法：a proverb says, “you are only young once.”(適用于記住的名言)

it goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.(自編名言)