第一篇：南山旅游風(fēng)景區(qū)中英文對(duì)照導(dǎo)游詞

南山旅游風(fēng)景區(qū)導(dǎo)游詞中英文對(duì)照

Nanshan Tourism

Scenic Spot Sightseeing：

Yantai Longkou Nanshan Scenic Spot is the National 5A-class Scenic Spot and is divided into three parts of Religious History and Culture Park, Theme Park-Happy Valley and Donghai Tourist Resort.Nanshan Buddhist Temple, Xiangshui Nunnery, Nanshan Taoist Temple, Lingyuan Taoist Temple, etc.in Religious History and Culture Park are the historical relics of Jin and Tang Dynasties;Nanshan Giant Buddha which is the largest tin bronze Sitting Buddha in the world(with the height of 38.66m and the weight of 380t)and Nanshan Medicine Jade Buddha which is the largest indoor Jade Buddha in China(with the height of 13.66m and the weight of 660t)are the two highlights in the Park;Nanshan Huayan World includes Five-Dhyani-Buddha Palace, “Medicine Buddha Carol” Music Fountain, Prayer Corridor, etc., which enrich the religious cultures in Nanshan Scenic Spot;the History and Culture Park, which is built according to the sequence of dynasties and takes historic culture as longitude and propitious culture as latitude, is set up in Nanshan Scenic Spot as a vivid general history of China, thus comprehensively showing the extensive and profound Chinese civilization and the colorful national culture;Theme Park-Happy Valley is mainly constructed with Nanshan courtyard, Equestrianism Club, Pet Park, Happy Island, Kwan-yin Island, Bodhi Island, Tropical Plants Garden, Waterfall Plaza, etc., thus integrating participation, knowledge and entertainment together;Donghai Tourist Resort, with the length of 20km, is divided into coast tourist area, golf recreation area, rehabilitation and leisure area, villa area, commercial and trading service area, cultural education area, etc., and is a comprehensive tourist resort with high scientific and technological content, good ecological environment and harmonious development between man and nature while integrating residence, tourism, leisure and humanistic education.Gathering ancient and modern essences and blending Chinese civilization, Nanshan Scenic Spot has already become the large multifunctional scenic spot which integrates tourism, vocation travel, industrial touring, conference and commerce, entertainment and shopping, etc.and sketched the beautiful scenery of “Blessing and Longevous Nanshan, The Heaven for Nourishing The Heart” via her particular charm.煙臺(tái)龍口南山旅游景區(qū)為國家5A級(jí)旅游景區(qū)，分為宗教歷史文化園、主題公園－歡樂峽谷和東海旅游度假區(qū)三大部分。

宗教歷史文化園內(nèi)的南山禪寺、香水庵、南山道院、靈源觀等均為晉、唐遺跡，世界最大的錫青銅坐佛南山大佛（高38.66米，重380噸）和國內(nèi)最大的室內(nèi)玉佛南山藥師玉佛（高13.66米，重660噸）成為景區(qū)兩大亮點(diǎn)；南山華嚴(yán)世界，包括五方五佛殿、藥師頌動(dòng)感音樂噴泉和轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)回廊等，為南山旅游景區(qū)再添宗教文化勝景；園區(qū)內(nèi)建有以歷史文化為經(jīng)、吉祥文化為緯，按朝代順序建設(shè)的歷史文化園，宛如一部鮮活的中國通史，全面展現(xiàn)了中華文明的博大精深和民族文化的多姿多彩；主題公園－歡樂峽谷主要建有南山大院、馬術(shù)俱樂部、寵物園、歡樂島、觀音島、菩提島、熱帶植物園、瀑布廣場(chǎng)等，融參與性、觀賞性、知識(shí)性、娛樂性于一體；東海旅游度假區(qū)海岸線長達(dá)20公里，分為海濱旅游區(qū)、高爾夫康樂區(qū)、療養(yǎng)休閑區(qū)、別墅住宅區(qū)、商貿(mào)服務(wù)區(qū)、文化教育區(qū)等，是集居住、旅游、休閑、人文教育于一體，科技含量高、生態(tài)環(huán)境好、人與自然和諧發(fā)展的綜合性旅游度假區(qū)。

集古今之博采，融中華之文明，南山旅游景區(qū)已成為集旅游觀光、休閑度假、產(chǎn)業(yè)觀光、會(huì)議商務(wù)、娛樂購物等功能為一體的大型多功能旅游景區(qū)，并以她獨(dú)特的魅力勾畫出一幅“福壽南山，養(yǎng)心天堂”的人間美景。

Nanshan Theme Park Home > Nanshan Property > Nanshan Tourism >

The logo pattern of Nanshan Theme Park – Happy Valley, based on the creative elements of the construction project of Happy Valley and organically combining waterfall, pleasure boat wharf, ferris wheel, Nanshan logo, etc.in the form of silhouette, shows the thematic content of Happy Valley by applying the effect of color dyed paper-cut paintings.The logo is shaped as square outside and round inside, which is originated from sunrise at sea, thus presenting the mutual echoing between Nanshan and Donghai and forming a happy and peaceful space.Nanshan and Donghai are taken as the creative elements for the mascot, Huanhuan and Lele, thus integrating the visual experience of health, enthusiasm, vitality and happiness into the two cartoon images with open arms for welcoming the tourists, and meanwhile fully reflecting the openness and tolerance of Happy Valley.Nanshan Theme Park-Happy Valley, which was planned in and built since 2008, is one of the three parts of Nanshan Scenic Spot, and includes Nanshan Courtyard, Equestrian Club, Pet Park, Happy Island, Kwan-yin Island, Bodhi Island, Waterfall Square, Nanshan Courtyard, etc.Happy Island mainly includes experiential and participatory entertainment projects and is mainly provided with the following entertainment equipments and projects, such as luxurious carrousels, whirlwind knights, self-controlled flying elephants, mermaids, bumper cars, large-sized slides, double bungee jumping, space cruiser and pleasure boat & wharf, so Happy Valley is an ideal place for tourists to experience adventure and excitement, relaxation and bodybuilding.The Equestrian Club integrates equestrian sports, bodybuilding and relaxation together, and is provided with indoor horse fields, obstacle fields, practicing fields, horse training fields and pasturing fields, etc., and holds the horse riding courses taught by experienced coaches, caballeros or horse riders about safe riding knowledge, riding posture, sitting posture and physical training, etc., and irregularly organizes the equestrian competition activities.Nanshan Courtyard is mainly established to represent the historical culture, local buildings, folkloric products, farming equipments, life scenery, etc.of the old Huangxian County and Nanshan Village, attached with Jiaodong civilization of farming and farming products show.Inside the Village, the characteristic catering areas of the old Huangxian County and commercial streets producing and selling Jiaodong folkloric products have been built, with an atmosphere of strong rural and local culture.The Pet Park combines pets breeding, performance and show together, and also provides special entertainment performances of pets.南山主題公園—?dú)g樂峽谷LOGO圖案以歡樂峽谷的建設(shè)項(xiàng)目為創(chuàng)意元素，將瀑布、游船碼頭、摩天輪及南山標(biāo)志等元素以剪影形式有機(jī)組合，運(yùn)用彩染剪紙畫的效果體現(xiàn)了歡樂峽谷的主題內(nèi)容。標(biāo)志采用外方內(nèi)圓圖形，形象取自海上日出，體現(xiàn)了南山、東海交相呼應(yīng)，共同組成一片歡樂祥和的天地。吉祥物歡歡和樂樂以南山、東海為創(chuàng)意元素，將健康、熱情、活力、陽光的視覺體驗(yàn)融入到兩個(gè)對(duì)著游客張開雙臂奔跑的卡通形象之中，充分體現(xiàn)了歡樂峽谷的開放和兼容。

南山主題公園—?dú)g樂峽谷是南山旅游景區(qū)的三大組成部分之一，于2008年開始規(guī)劃建設(shè)，主要建有馬術(shù)俱樂部、寵物園、歡樂島、觀音島、菩提島、瀑布廣場(chǎng)、南山大院等項(xiàng)目。

歡樂島以體驗(yàn)式、參與式娛樂項(xiàng)目為主，主要娛樂設(shè)備和項(xiàng)目有豪華轉(zhuǎn)馬、旋風(fēng)騎士、自控小飛象、美人魚、碰碰車、大型滑梯、雙人蹦極、太空漫步機(jī)、游船碼頭等，是體驗(yàn)驚險(xiǎn)與刺激，休閑、健身的理想之地。馬術(shù)俱樂部集馬術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)、健身、休閑于一體，擁有室內(nèi)馬場(chǎng)、障礙場(chǎng)、練習(xí)場(chǎng)、調(diào)教場(chǎng)和放牧場(chǎng)等，俱樂部開設(shè)騎馬訓(xùn)練班，由經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的教練、騎師或騎手教授騎馬的安全知識(shí)、騎姿、坐姿及體能訓(xùn)練等，同時(shí)不定期組織馬術(shù)比賽活動(dòng)。南山大院以展示老黃縣、南山村歷史文化、風(fēng)土人情的建筑、民俗用品、農(nóng)耕用具、生活場(chǎng)景等為主，輔以膠東農(nóng)耕文明、農(nóng)耕產(chǎn)品展示，村內(nèi)建有老黃縣特色飲食餐飲區(qū)和膠東民俗物品制作、銷售商品街，具有濃重的農(nóng)家文化和地方文化氣息。寵物園集寵物養(yǎng)殖、表演、展示于一體，設(shè)有寵物表演等特色娛樂節(jié)目。

Religious Culture Park

Religious History and Culture Park in Nnashan Scenic Spot is composed of Nanshan Taoist Temple, Nanshan Buddhist Temple, Nanshan Buddha, Xiangshui Nunnery, Lingyuan Taoist Temple, etc., which are the relics of Jin, Tang, Song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and have thick historical ambience.The ancient architectural complex is constructed harmoniously with the surrounding mountains, forests and waters, and these ancient buildings are simple and elegant, with tortuous and great appurtenance and tremendous momentum.Moreover, Nanshan Buddha in this scenic spot is a precious tin bronze Sitting Buddha of Sakyamuni in the world, with the height of 38.66m and the weight of 380t, which is called the largest bronze sitting Buddha in the world.Merit and Virtue Hall, Buddha Hall and Buddhist History Museum are constructed under the lotus pedestal of the Giant Buddha, wherein 9999 vivid golden bronze Buddhas are displayed in Buddha Hall, thus forming the ten thousand Buddhas array together with the Giant Sitting Buddha, and the historical records pertaining to the originality and prosperity of Buddhist culture, and dozens of cultural relics such as the Buddhist Relics of Sakyamuni and museum pieces of Buddhist culture are displayed in Buddhist History Museum.南山景區(qū)宗教文化園由南山道院、南山禪寺、南山大佛、香水庵、靈源觀等組成。其景點(diǎn)均系晉、唐、宋、元、明、清代遺跡，千年古剎，可謂勝地重光，更添新顏。古建筑群中的亭榭廊塔，山林水系，依山構(gòu)造，古樸典雅，迤邐壯觀，氣勢(shì)宏偉。景區(qū)內(nèi)的南山大佛，是一座舉世罕見的錫青銅釋迦牟尼大坐佛，高 38.66米、重380噸，堪稱世界第一銅鑄坐佛。

大佛蓮花座下建有功德堂、萬佛殿、佛教歷史博物館。萬佛殿內(nèi)陳列著9999尊造型逼真，栩栩如生的金銅佛像，與大坐佛共同構(gòu)成了萬尊佛像的宏大陣容，佛教歷史博物館內(nèi)展示了佛教文化興起與興盛的歷史記載，館內(nèi)陳列展出了釋迦牟尼佛舍利等數(shù)十件文物和佛教文化藝術(shù)珍品。

Chinese Historical Culture

Chinese History and Culture Park in Nanshan Scenic Spot is the large theme scenic spot, which is constructed according to the chronological sequence from ancient time to Qing Dynasty in China at present and takes the historic culture as the longitude and the propitious culture as the latitude and occupies an area of 6km2.By virtue of the Chinese ancient buildings in different historical periods and with different styles and historic records and physical displays, this Park vividly presents the general trends, important cultural relics and events as well as the representative figures of Chinese history during the five thousand years, integrates historic culture, propitious culture, folk culture, cooking culture, civil culture, etc.together according to the tourism requirements, and comprehensively shows the extensive and profound Chinese civilization and the colorful national culture as a vivid general history of China, so this Park is the place for the tourists to appreciate the Chinese civilization and the historical evolution of the Chinese descendant as well as the influential man.Nanshan Jade Buddha in the Park is composed of Jade Buddha Hall, Medicine Buddha Mandala and Buddhist Relics Hall, and the Burmese Medicine Jade Buddha with the height of 13.66m and the weight of more than 660t is consecrated in Jade Buddha Hall, which is the largest and tallest Jade Buddha.Six Medicine Jade Buddhas with different colors are consecrated around the Giant Jade Buddha to form Seven Medicine Buddhas of the Medicine Buddha Sutra.Additionally, the Park is also provided with Tropical Rainforest Garden, Farming Expo Park, Grotto, Kwan-yin Cave, tourism cableway, etc.In July 2003, the Park was named as “Middle School History Teaching Scenery Base” and “Juvenile’s Patriotism Education Base”.南山景區(qū)中華歷史文化園是一座以歷史文化為經(jīng)、吉祥文化為緯，起于遠(yuǎn)古，止于清朝，按朝代順序建造的大型主題景區(qū)，占地面積6平方公里。園內(nèi)以不同歷史時(shí)期、風(fēng)格的中國主要朝代建筑群為載體，通過大量的歷史資料與實(shí)物展示，生動(dòng)展現(xiàn)了上下五千年中華歷史的大勢(shì)大略、重要文物，重大事件和代表人物，并按照旅游活動(dòng)的要求，將歷史文化、吉祥文化、民俗文化、飲食文化、市井文化等融為一體，全面展現(xiàn)了中華文明的博大精深和民族文化的多姿多彩，宛如一部鮮活的中國通史，是炎黃子孫領(lǐng)略歷史演進(jìn)，匯集風(fēng)云人物，感悟中華文明的必由之地。園內(nèi)的南山大玉佛殿由玉佛大殿、藥師壇城、舍利殿組成，玉佛殿內(nèi)供奉的緬甸玉藥師如來，像高13.66米，重達(dá)660余噸。為目前國內(nèi)最大、最高的玉佛造像，大玉佛周圍供奉不同顏色的藥師六如來像，與大玉佛共同構(gòu)成藥師經(jīng)法上稱的藥師七佛。園內(nèi)還建有熱帶雨林植物園、農(nóng)博園、石窟、觀音洞及觀光索道纜車等。2003年7月，園區(qū)被命名為“中學(xué)歷史教學(xué)實(shí)景基地”和“青少年愛國主義教育基地”。

Coastal Tourism Home

Nanshan Donghai offshore tourist area is located at the north of Donghai Development Area of Nanshan Group and integrates tourism, vacation travel, leisure, shopping and entertainment together.The development projects include Donghai golf, golden bathing beach, offshore yacht, offshore fishing, recreation villa, coastal forest oxygen bar, and the bathing beach has a gold coastline of 20km, so this area is the ideal place for tourists to experience charm of nature and sea while enjoying first-rate facilities and eating special foods as well as purchasing special products there.With the high green mountains and broad blue sea existing in harmony, people who love mountain and sea can have beautiful vision and heartfelt benediction in this area.南山東海海濱旅游區(qū)位于南山集團(tuán)東海開發(fā)區(qū)北部，是一處集旅游、度假、休閑、購物、娛樂為一體的海濱型旅游區(qū)。開發(fā)項(xiàng)目有海濱型的東海高爾夫、金沙灘海濱浴場(chǎng)、海上游艇、海上垂釣、別墅休閑、海濱森林氧吧。這里海水浴場(chǎng)黃金海岸線長達(dá)20公里，這里設(shè)施一流，吃、住、購、娛功能齊全，是您享受生活，親近自然、旅游觀海休閑的理想之地。山高海闊，山綠海碧，山呼海應(yīng)，給愛山戀海的人們帶來美好的憧憬和深切祝福。

第二篇：避暑山莊導(dǎo)游詞中英文對(duì)照

避暑山莊是清代康、乾盛世的象征。作為山莊締造者的康熙、乾隆，都曾六下江南，遍歷天下景物之美。在修建避暑山莊時(shí)，博采眾家之長，融合中國南北園林風(fēng)格為一體，使避暑山莊成為中國古典園林藝術(shù)的總結(jié)與升華。我國園林專家們說，整個(gè)避暑山莊就是祖國錦繡河山的縮影。專家們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)這樣說呢？這個(gè)問題我想還是請(qǐng)女士們、先生們游覽了避暑山莊之后再來回答。不過，我這里先給大家提個(gè)醒，這原因與避暑山莊的地形有關(guān)。（導(dǎo)游員采用懸念法，以激發(fā)游客游覽的興趣）

各位，避暑山莊到了，請(qǐng)大家下車，現(xiàn)在我就帶領(lǐng)大家一睹她的風(fēng)采。

（在麗正門外）

女士們，先生們，我們面前這座古色古香的門，就是避暑山莊的正門，叫麗正門，是清代皇帝進(jìn)出的門。宮門面寬三間，上下兩層。下層辟有三個(gè)方形的門洞，上層有城臺(tái)和闕樓。你們看，中間門洞的上方有一塊石匾，上面是乾隆皇帝用滿、藏、漢、維、蒙五種文字題寫的“麗正門”，它象征著我們祖國是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的多民族國家。門的兩邊有兩尊石獅，以顯示皇帝的威嚴(yán)。門前有御道廣場(chǎng)，青石鋪路，廣場(chǎng)東西各立一塊石碑，上面用滿、蒙、藏、漢四種文字刻著“官員人等至此下馬”，所以我們又叫它下馬碑。廣場(chǎng)南邊有一道紅色照壁，使這座皇家園林與外界隔開。關(guān)于紅照壁，傳說里邊藏有從雞冠山飛來的金雞，在夜深人靜時(shí)，輕叩照壁，金雞就會(huì)發(fā)出嘰嘰的叫聲。如果哪位想考證一下的話，就請(qǐng)夜里到這里來聽一聽。好了！今天我請(qǐng)大家當(dāng)一回“皇帝”，進(jìn)去感受一下皇帝的生活。

（進(jìn)麗正門內(nèi)）

請(qǐng)各位向右看，遠(yuǎn)處的山巒上，有一巨大石柱，擎天而立，直插云端。它上粗下細(xì)，很像洗衣用的棒槌，我們承德人叫它棒槌山，康熙皇帝賜名“磬錘峰”。修建避暑山莊時(shí)，巧借此景，使山莊內(nèi)外渾然一體，擴(kuò)大了空間感，創(chuàng)造了新的意境美，這是山莊設(shè)計(jì)者運(yùn)用“借景”這一造園藝術(shù)的成功典范。一般來承德的人，都要到山上去摸一下棒槌山，因?yàn)槌械旅耖g流傳這樣一句話：“摸到棒槌山，能活一百三?！比绻蠹矣信d趣的話，不妨明天上山摸一摸，一定很有意思的。

前面這片宮殿就是清代皇帝在承德“辦公居住”的地方，現(xiàn)在承德人把這里為避暑山莊博物館。

（在第一展室里）

首先映入我們眼簾的這張圖就是避暑山莊全圖，是清代山莊鼎盛時(shí)期的全貌圖。避暑山莊，又叫“熱河行宮”、“承德離宮”。它從康熙四十二年（1703年）開始動(dòng)工興建，至乾隆五十七年（1792年）最后落成，歷時(shí)89年。清代前中期的幾位皇帝幾乎每年都來這里消夏避暑，處理政務(wù)，通常是每年農(nóng)歷四、五月份來，九、十月份返回北京。避暑山莊實(shí)際上已成為清朝的第二政治中心。整個(gè)山莊占地564萬平方米，它的面積大約是北京頤和園的兩倍，北海的8倍。山莊可分為宮殿區(qū)和苑景區(qū)兩部分，宮殿區(qū)由正宮、松鶴齋、萬壑松風(fēng)和東宮四組建筑組成。苑景區(qū)又分為山區(qū)、湖區(qū)、平原區(qū)三部分。以山區(qū)面積最廣，約占山莊總面積的70%多。山莊集全國園林精華于一園，具有南秀北雄的特點(diǎn)。清代山莊內(nèi)共有亭子90座，堤橋29座，碑刻摩崖25處，假山疊石70余組，殿宇、樓堂、寺廟、亭臺(tái)、塔閣等各種建筑120余組，總建筑面積達(dá)10萬多平方米?？滴趸实垡?個(gè)字命名的36景和乾隆皇帝以3個(gè)字命名的36景最為著名，合稱“避暑山莊72景”?？滴趸实鄯Q贊這里是“自有山川開北極，天然風(fēng)景勝西湖。”山莊宮墻長約10公里，因?yàn)樗嗡崎L城，我們承德人親切地稱它為“小長城”。宮墻外是仿全國各族著名廟宇而修建的皇家寺廟群，這些寺廟呈半圓形環(huán)繞在山莊外圍，形成眾星拱月之勢(shì)，象征著當(dāng)時(shí)全國各民族緊緊圍繞在清王朝統(tǒng)治中心的周圍。隨著歲月的流逝，朝代的變更，避暑山莊也歷盡了滄桑。新中國成立后，山莊才得到了新生，現(xiàn)在是全國保存得最好、規(guī)模最大的皇家園林，是世界文化遺產(chǎn)、是中外馳名的旅游勝地。

（來到第二展室）

這里展出的大部分是圖片，這張木蘭秋 圖是最引人注目的。木蘭，是滿語哨鹿的意思。哨鹿的方法是黎明前，士兵們潛入山林，身披鹿皮，頭戴鹿角，口吹木哨，模仿公鹿的叫聲。秋天正是鹿求偶分群的季節(jié)，用這種方法將母鹿引出來以便射殺?！?”是指秋天打獵。這張圖是清代興隆阿所畫，描繪的是200多年前皇帝打獵的場(chǎng)面。你們也許會(huì)感到奇怪，清朝皇帝為什么要率領(lǐng)大隊(duì)人馬千里迢迢來這里打獵呢？因?yàn)榍宓廴腙P(guān)以后，歷史上英勇善戰(zhàn)的八旗部隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)斗力開始下降，他們有的臨陣脫逃，有的自創(chuàng)傷痕，有時(shí)一人受傷，多人護(hù)送，為的是不上前線?？滴趸实壅J(rèn)識(shí)到，提高士兵素質(zhì)，鞏固北部邊疆已成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。在這種形勢(shì)下，康熙皇帝親自率領(lǐng)八旗將士，出喜峰口，北上巡視，設(shè)置了以習(xí)武綏遠(yuǎn)為目的的木蘭圍場(chǎng)。木蘭圍場(chǎng)的建立，是清朝與蒙、藏民族友好關(guān)系的產(chǎn)物，它密切了蒙、藏地區(qū)與中原地區(qū)的關(guān)系，加強(qiáng)了滿、蒙、藏、漢各族人民之間的交流，鞏固了北部邊防，有利于抵御沙皇俄國的侵略和擴(kuò)張。一年一度的圍獵每次要進(jìn)行20天左右，皇帝親率政府各部官員及滿、蒙八旗軍隊(duì)參加。為滿足大批人馬食宿休息、儲(chǔ)蓄物品及皇帝處理政務(wù)的需要，從北京至圍場(chǎng)要修建十余座行宮。熱河處于這條北巡路線的中間地帶，從北京到這里，奏章朝發(fā)夕至，而且這里氣候宜人，風(fēng)光秀麗，水草豐盛，所以康熙決定在這里修建一座大的行宮，這就是熱河行宮。對(duì)此，乾隆有一句話講得十分清楚：“我皇祖建此山莊于塞外，非為一己之豫游，蓋貽萬世之締構(gòu)也”。歷史表明，秋 大典和避暑山莊的建立，達(dá)到了康熙皇帝“合內(nèi)外之心，成鞏固之業(yè)”的政治目的?，F(xiàn)在我們?cè)賮砜催@張圖，它可分為兩部分，一是御營，二是獵場(chǎng)。御營是皇帝居住和處理朝政的地方；獵場(chǎng)是實(shí)際打獵的地方。打獵時(shí)都有嚴(yán)明的組織和紀(jì)律，偽裝成鹿的士兵把鹿引出來后，軍士們逐步縮小包圍圈，達(dá)到人并肩、馬并耳的程度，但不能隨便射殺。這時(shí)皇帝首先出來射第一箭，然后才是王公大臣、將士們依次射殺。圖上畫的是獵殺鹿的情景。請(qǐng)大家跟我向前走。

這第二道門叫“閱射門”，是皇帝觀看皇子皇孫射箭比賽的地方。門的上方懸有一塊匾，上面寫著“ 暑山莊”四個(gè)鎦金大字，是康熙皇帝的御筆，此匾精美絕倫，分外醒目。也許你們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這避暑山莊的“避”字多寫了一橫，是康熙皇帝寫錯(cuò)了，還是另有原因呢？（??）還是這位先生（小姐）說對(duì)了，原來在清代兩個(gè)“避”字同時(shí)使用，無論用哪一種寫法都是正確的，這是一種異體字現(xiàn)象。在這里康熙皇帝是為了追求書法美才這樣寫的。

門前兩側(cè)這兩個(gè)銅獅，威風(fēng)凜凜。說起這兩個(gè)銅獅，還有一段動(dòng)人的傳說呢！相傳在中國抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，日本侵略軍侵占了承德并大肆搶劫。有一天一群日本兵發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩個(gè)銅獅子很漂亮，是無價(jià)之寶，就想搶走，可是銅獅子太重，他們搬也搬不動(dòng)，于是就分頭去找工具。這一切讓護(hù)院的老人看在眼里，痛在心上。他想銅獅子是國家的財(cái)寶，決不能讓日本兵搶走。他靈機(jī)一動(dòng)，立即從村里找來豬血，涂在獅子的眼睛上，等日本兵找到工具回來后發(fā)現(xiàn)獅子的眼睛紅紅的，都哭出了血，個(gè)個(gè)嚇得目瞪口呆，害怕搬動(dòng)獅子會(huì)給他們帶來厄運(yùn)，便慌里慌張地逃走了，這對(duì)國寶才得以保留至今?，F(xiàn)在這對(duì)銅獅成了人們心目中的吉祥物。如果大家想萬事如意的話，千萬別忘了摸摸它。

（來到澹泊敬誠殿前）

這個(gè)面闊七間，進(jìn)深三重的大殿叫“澹泊敬誠”殿?！板２础倍謥碜杂凇兑捉?jīng)》：“不煩不擾，澹泊不失”，諸葛亮在其《戒子書》中又說，“非澹泊無以明志，非寧靜無以致遠(yuǎn)”?？滴趸实垲}“澹泊敬誠”這四個(gè)字，含蓄地表達(dá)了他“居安思危，崇尚節(jié)儉”的思想。這個(gè)殿是避暑山莊的主殿，是清代皇帝在山莊居住時(shí)處理朝政和舉行盛大慶典的地方。整個(gè)大殿用珍貴的楠木建造，因此又叫“楠木殿”。每當(dāng)陰雨連綿之時(shí)，楠木散發(fā)著縷縷清香，沁人心脾。楠木產(chǎn)自云貴和江浙一帶的深山峽谷之中，在沒有先進(jìn)運(yùn)輸工具的清代，將這些笨重的木材從遙遠(yuǎn)的南方運(yùn)到塞北，大都裝船河運(yùn)或利用河水結(jié)冰和在旱路上潑水結(jié)冰的冬季，將木材放在冰上，依靠人力又拉又推，運(yùn)到承德，其艱難是不言而喻的。據(jù)史料記載，為了修建這座楠木殿，耗費(fèi)白銀7.2萬兩，用工19萬個(gè)。大殿外觀古樸淡雅，不飾彩繪，殿內(nèi)大理石鋪地，正中地坪上設(shè)有皇帝的寶座。寶座周圍設(shè)有寶象、端、仙鶴、香亭、如意等，精雕細(xì)刻，造型十分優(yōu)美。寶座的后面有一個(gè)紫檀木屏風(fēng)，上面刻有163個(gè)人物，形態(tài)逼真，栩栩如生，為“農(nóng)家耕織長樂圖”，以表示皇帝臨朝時(shí)刻不忘百姓。在清代這個(gè)殿的東西山墻上掛著“皇輿全圖”，就是清代的地圖，是清政府派專人測(cè)繪的。殿內(nèi)北墻兩側(cè)墻壁上裝有楠木書格，貯放著《古今圖書集成》1萬卷。你們可能會(huì)問：澹泊敬誠殿是舉行盛大慶典的地方，那么當(dāng)年是怎么一番盛況呢？那就要從松鶴齋南面的鐘樓說起。當(dāng)宣布慶祝大典或覲見開始，司鐘人立即登上鐘樓敲鐘，鐘響9下之后，山莊內(nèi)各廟宇的鐘聲齊鳴，緊接著外八廟的鐘聲也相繼應(yīng)和。各種鐘皆鳴81聲。大殿前東西相對(duì)的兩個(gè)樂亭里宮廷樂師們開始奏樂，在八音和諧、簫鼓齊鳴之下，文武百官就位，皇帝端莊肅穆，面南巍坐，開始處理朝政了。我想，你們的腦海里也許已經(jīng)浮現(xiàn)出這一壯觀的場(chǎng)面了吧？

乾隆皇帝還在澹泊敬誠殿接見少數(shù)民族的首領(lǐng)。乾隆十九年（1754年）接見過厄魯特蒙古杜爾伯特部三策凌；乾隆三十六年（1771年）秋，接見過不遠(yuǎn)萬里從伏爾加河流域回歸祖國的土爾扈特汗渥巴錫一行；乾隆四十五年（1780年）農(nóng)歷七月廿一日，接見了西藏政教首領(lǐng)六世**額爾德尼。說到**話就長了，據(jù)史料記載，在接見儀式上，**先獻(xiàn)吉祥哈達(dá)，跪請(qǐng)圣安。乾隆離開寶座親手扶起，操藏語問佛安：“長途跋涉，必感辛勞?！?*答：“遠(yuǎn)叨圣恩，一路平安?！痹谶^去，**見皇帝，只跪不拜，這次**則要求行跪拜禮，以表示敬重皇帝，擁護(hù)王朝，乾隆對(duì)此頗為滿意。八月十三日，清廷為乾隆皇帝70歲壽辰舉行盛大慶典時(shí)，乾隆給予**最高規(guī)格的待遇，二人攜手同登寶座，共同接受蒙古王公、各扈從大臣及外國使節(jié)的祝賀，隨從**的三大寺堪布及蒙古章嘉國師唱贊無量壽經(jīng)??。慶典之后，乾隆為**舉行四次大型野宴。宴會(huì)中伴有相撲、雜技、賽馬、煙火、音樂、舞蹈等文體節(jié)目，豐富多采，驚險(xiǎn)動(dòng)人。六世**東行承德，密切了西藏與清中央政府的關(guān)系，遏制了英國東印度公司對(duì)西藏的滲透分裂活動(dòng)。回顧歷史，在澹泊敬誠殿這個(gè)政治舞臺(tái)上，曾演出過一幕幕對(duì)清王朝一統(tǒng)江山有重大影響的活劇，譜寫了一曲曲民族團(tuán)結(jié)的頌歌。

請(qǐng)各位繞過回廊，展現(xiàn)在我們面前的就是面闊五楹的四知書屋。楹，堂屋前部的柱子。面闊五楹就是面寬五間的意思。什么是“四知”呢？乾隆皇帝可不是指漢朝楊震所說的：做官要廉潔，不可貪臟枉法，辦事再機(jī)密也瞞不過去，因?yàn)橛小疤熘?、地知、你知、我知”。乾隆皇帝所題的“四知”一語出于《易經(jīng)》。因《易經(jīng)》中說“君子知微、知彰、知柔、知?jiǎng)偅f夫之望?！鼻』实蹖?duì)此話十分贊賞，因?yàn)榍『帽磉_(dá)了他剛?cè)嵯酀?jì)、恩威并施的統(tǒng)治策略。皇帝上朝前后，在這里更衣，有時(shí)也在此召見王公大臣和少數(shù)民族首領(lǐng)。萬歲照房和配房現(xiàn)在展出的是御用官窯瓷器、琺瑯器、帝后車輿和石鼓，請(qǐng)各位仔細(xì)欣賞這些稀世珍品，一定會(huì)讓您大飽眼福的。

（向北行至煙波致爽殿院內(nèi)）

這里是宮殿區(qū)的后半部分，叫“后寢”，是帝后和嬪妃們居住的地方。北殿為煙波致爽殿?？滴趸实壅f這里“四圍秀嶺，十里平湖，致有爽氣”，所以才題了這個(gè)殿名。明間陳設(shè)考究，富麗堂皇；西暖閣是皇帝的寢宮。所謂暖閣，就是在地面以下設(shè)有火道，冬季將紅羅炭點(diǎn)燃，熱氣上達(dá)，滿屋皆暖。同時(shí)屋里還放有火爐和薰籠，皇帝腳下設(shè)腳爐?？滴?、乾隆、嘉慶、咸豐等皇帝都曾在這里居住過。室內(nèi)靠北墻，紫檀落地罩內(nèi)是皇帝的臥床，咸豐十一年（1861年），咸豐皇帝就病歿在這張床上。我們現(xiàn)在參觀的這個(gè)酷似民居的小院，在清代卻發(fā)生過一系列重大歷史事件。1860年，英法聯(lián)軍進(jìn)攻北京，農(nóng)歷八月初八，咸豐皇帝害怕洋人，攜太后和慈安、慈禧兩個(gè)皇后逃到熱河來避難。也就是在這里，咸豐皇帝簽準(zhǔn)了清政府分別與英、法、俄三國簽訂的喪權(quán)辱國的《北京條約》，并承認(rèn)《中俄璦琿條約》有效，使我國失去了大片領(lǐng)土和主權(quán)。咸豐死后，慈禧在這里策劃了辛酉政變，開始垂簾聽政，統(tǒng)治清朝長達(dá)48年之久，把中國進(jìn)一步推向苦難的深淵。

煙波致爽殿兩側(cè)有兩個(gè)跨院。東邊的叫東所，咸豐在承德時(shí)是慈安皇后的住所，現(xiàn)在展出的是清代宮廷鐘表。西邊的叫西所，咸豐在承德時(shí)是慈禧的住所，現(xiàn)在展出的是慈禧當(dāng)年的一些生活用品和照片。

云山勝地樓為正宮最后一進(jìn)。這是一座玲瓏別致的兩層樓房，這個(gè)樓的特點(diǎn)內(nèi)沒有樓梯，而是沿樓前假山上的蹬道上樓。兩側(cè)朝房是宮廷掛屏和玻璃皿專題展覽，光采奪目，讓我們百看不厭。

（萬壑松風(fēng)橋至如意洲）

看完了正宮博物館，我們現(xiàn)在來到了湖區(qū)，“山莊以山名，而勝趣實(shí)在水”區(qū)面積為57公頃，現(xiàn)在有七湖八島。整個(gè)湖區(qū)一泓清水，洲島錯(cuò)落，一派江南水鄉(xiāng)秀色。你們看，右邊湖上的三座亭子叫“水心榭”，屹立在石橋之上，結(jié)構(gòu)勻稱，明快輕盈。前面的這條長堤將左邊的環(huán)碧、中間的如意洲和右邊的月色江聲連接起來，從高處看，這一堤三島形狀如靈芝，所以康熙皇帝給它起的名字叫芝徑云堤。環(huán)碧島上建有東、西相鄰的兩個(gè)庭院，各有殿三楹，名字是“澄光室”和“環(huán)碧”。在環(huán)碧殿以北，臨近湖邊的地方，有座草亭，形似斗笠?？滴跄觊g，每逢農(nóng)歷七月十五日中元節(jié)時(shí)，常在這里舉行盂蘭盆會(huì)。月色江聲島上有康熙題名的門殿“月色江聲”。每當(dāng)月上東山之時(shí)，遠(yuǎn)山如黛，近水鳴吟，詩請(qǐng)畫意，真是美極了！門殿以北有“靜寄山房”、“瑩心堂”等多組建筑，康熙、乾隆皇帝都曾經(jīng)在這里讀書。

請(qǐng)大家跟我沿芝徑云堤北行，右前方隔湖相望的是金山島。石島在湖水環(huán)抱之中，意境與江蘇鎮(zhèn)江的金山很相似。島上主體建筑“上帝閣”，是清代皇帝祭祀真武大帝和玉皇大帝的地方。山上平臺(tái)建有兩座殿堂。此外，還有月牙形的“芳洲亭”、“爬山廊”等建筑，當(dāng)年皇帝乘龍舟就在這里登岸。

我們來到了湖區(qū)最大的島嶼——如意洲島。島上建筑很多，康乾七十二景中有十景在這里。主體建筑是一座宮殿。門殿的名字是“無暑清涼”，正殿為“延薰山館”，面寬七楹，建筑宏偉，殿后有“水芳巖秀”殿。正宮落成前，這里是康熙皇帝處理朝政和居住的地方?，F(xiàn)在這里展出的是清宮用品。島的西北處是著名的園中之園——滄浪嶼，是仿蘇州“滄浪亭”而建的。雖面積不大，但殿堂、水閣、清泉、小亭、回廊巧妙地組織在一起，相互因借，恰到好處，令人流連忘返。電影《知音》的第一組鏡頭就是在這里拍攝的。

（跨過曲橋登上青蓮島）

女士們，先生們，迎面這座玲瓏秀麗的建筑，叫煙雨樓。這是一座面寬五楹?、上下兩層的小樓，樓的上下還有圍廊。二樓上的云龍金匾是乾隆皇帝題寫的。煙雨樓與門殿之間是一個(gè)規(guī)整的方院，幾棵古松蒼勁挺拔。月臺(tái)下兩座石須彌座上有銅鹿一對(duì)。煙雨樓是仿浙江嘉興的煙雨樓而建的。每當(dāng)陰雨時(shí)節(jié)，細(xì)雨蒙蒙，登樓遠(yuǎn)眺，只見遠(yuǎn)山近水，盡在輕紗薄霧籠罩之中，如入仙境。樓東有“青陽書屋”，是皇帝習(xí)文讀書的地方；樓西南有“對(duì)山齋”，面對(duì)著假山。山上建有六角形涼亭，名字叫翼亭。

（沿澄湖北岸經(jīng)“水流云在”、“鶯囀喬木”諸亭東行）

我們現(xiàn)在到達(dá)的地方就是聞名遐爾的熱河泉。泉邊上這塊石碑，寫著“熱河”兩個(gè)大字。因?yàn)槿疁責(zé)?，又有上游的溫泉水匯入，所以冬天也不結(jié)冰。尤其是周圍白雪皚皚時(shí)，這里的湖面卻熱氣蒸騰，實(shí)為奇觀。

（進(jìn)入避暑山莊平原區(qū)）

我們眼前這片開闊的平原，面積有千余畝，是由“萬樹園”和“試馬埭”兩部分組成的。萬樹園地勢(shì)平坦，林木蒼郁，馴鹿野兔出沒期間，是塞外難得的草原風(fēng)光。試馬埭位于萬樹園西側(cè)，綠草如茵，馳道如弦，是清代皇帝赴木蘭圍場(chǎng)舉行“秋 大典”之前，選拔駿馬的地方。

（來到萬樹園以西的文津閣）

各位看到的這座秀麗的古建筑就是清代著名的藏書樓——文津閣。津，是水的渡口。文津，是文化知識(shí)的渡口。如欲求得知識(shí)，便需自此問津的意思。它和北京紫禁城內(nèi)的文淵閣、圓明園的文源閣、沈陽故宮的文溯閣合稱“內(nèi)廷四閣”。這組建筑坐北朝南，門殿、假山、水池、樓閣相繼排列。主體建筑文津閣處于山環(huán)水抱之中，上下各六間，是仿浙江寧波天一閣而建。從外觀上看，它是兩層，里邊實(shí)際是三層，中間一層為暗層，陽光不能直接射入，以便更好地保護(hù)圖書。閣內(nèi)曾藏有巨著《古今圖書集成》和《四庫全書》各一部。

（來到閣前水池邊）

請(qǐng)大家站在我身邊，順著我手指的方向看，瞧！池中一彎新月，在水中輕輕抖動(dòng)。這是天上月亮的倒影嗎？不是，天上正是麗日當(dāng)空。是我們眼睛的錯(cuò)覺嗎？更不是，我們看得這樣真真切切。這就是堪稱承德一絕的“日月同輝”奇觀。究竟是怎么回事呢？請(qǐng)各位到前面的假山中自己去尋找答案。（此時(shí)導(dǎo)游員給游客留出幾分鐘時(shí)間去尋找。）大家請(qǐng)注意，這位先生（小姐）是最先找到答案的！原來這是利用光的反射原理，透過山洞南壁的月牙形缺口，在水中倒映出的影子。

（帶游客到榛子峪口）

我市的旅游、文物部門聯(lián)合推出的“乘車環(huán)山游”這一旅游項(xiàng)目，既安全，又方便。現(xiàn)在我們就乘汽車到山區(qū)看看。位于山莊西北部的山區(qū)約占避暑山莊總面積的五分之四，如果步行的話，大概一天也游不完的。

（導(dǎo)游員請(qǐng)游客上車）

你們看，這里峰巒起伏，松濤陣陣。自南而北依次有榛子峪、西峪、松林峪、梨樹峪、松云峽5條溝峪，情趣各不相同。我們現(xiàn)在游覽的這條溝就是榛子峪。榛子峪、西峪松林遍谷，間或有榛叢、櫟樹；梨樹峪景色很美，春天梨花萬樹，芳香撲鼻，秋天果實(shí)滿枝頭；松云峽古松參天，莽莽蒼蒼。清代曾在這里依山就勢(shì)構(gòu)筑了40多組風(fēng)格不同的園林、寺廟、碑碣建筑。因年代久遠(yuǎn)，大部分已自然坍塌。這里特別讓我們痛惜的是位于西湖以西山坡上的珠源寺。寺內(nèi)建有兩層高的佛閣，名叫“宗鏡閣”，它內(nèi)外均用銅鑄，制作精良，雕刻巧妙，而且可以自由裝卸，里邊供奉的釋迦牟尼等佛像也為銅鑄，所以俗稱“銅殿”。但現(xiàn)在僅存有基址，它并非毀于自然。這是為什么呢？原來，抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，日本鬼子侵入承德，搶走好多珍寶文物，并拆毀了宗鏡閣，除三塊銅匾幸存下來以外，其余全被日本侵略軍運(yùn)往日本。今日的宗鏡閣遺址，如同北京圓明園遺址一樣，成了我們進(jìn)行愛國主義教育的好課堂。（汽車在四面云山亭附近停下來，導(dǎo)游員帶領(lǐng)游客登上四面云山亭）

各位現(xiàn)在登上的這個(gè)亭子叫四面云山亭。它是山區(qū)的最高點(diǎn)。亭中長風(fēng)四達(dá)，雖是盛夏，也涼爽如秋。乾隆皇帝每來山莊，必到此一游，并觸景生情，寫詩多首。其中兩句是“絕頂平臨北斗齊，座中惟覺眾山低。”今天各位看到的比乾隆皇帝看得還要豐富，不僅可以欣賞到乾隆皇帝當(dāng)年欣賞的自然風(fēng)光，而且還可以遠(yuǎn)眺承德市區(qū)新貌！

（汽車來到西北門，導(dǎo)游員帶領(lǐng)大家登上宮墻）

中國有句名言：“不到長城非好漢”?，F(xiàn)在我們大家已經(jīng)登上了承德的小長城——山莊宮墻。它依山就勢(shì)，蜿蜒起伏。各位在宮墻上漫步，南可望雄奇秀麗的山莊，北可望金碧輝煌的外八廟。你們看，這座廟就是酷似西藏布達(dá)拉宮的普陀宗乘之廟，那座是六世**的行宮——須彌福壽之廟，距我們稍遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的那座廟叫普寧寺，那里供有世界最高木雕佛像——千手千眼觀世音菩薩??。明天我將帶領(lǐng)大家去參觀這些寺廟?，F(xiàn)在帶照像機(jī)的朋友，可以在這里多照幾張像，不然，你們是會(huì)后悔的喲?。ㄆ嚱?jīng)“青楓綠嶼”下山，環(huán)山游結(jié)束）

穿過這片地勢(shì)平坦的草原，前邊這座高聳入云的塔叫舍利塔，是仿杭州的六和塔和南京的報(bào)恩寺塔而建的。塔身為九層八面，高67米，我們承德人叫它“六和塔”。一層南北兩面各有石八券門，進(jìn)門沿盤旋而上的臺(tái)階可登到塔頂。塔內(nèi)供有佛教雕像。乾隆在山莊居住時(shí)，有時(shí)清晨登塔禮佛。巍巍寶塔配以綠色的原野，氣勢(shì)宏偉，格外引人注目。

這里是蒙古包度假村。如果從遠(yuǎn)處看，這一座座潔白的蒙古包好像一群白天鵝降落在綠茸茸的草地上。清代這里也曾建有蒙古包，康熙、乾隆皇帝曾在這里的御幄蒙古包歡迎和宴請(qǐng)少數(shù)民族首領(lǐng)和外國使節(jié)。這里向大家介紹一次著名的接見活動(dòng)：乾隆五十七年（1792年）9月29日，英王喬治二世派出以馬戈?duì)柲釀拙魹樘厥?、斯?dāng)東為副使，由100余人組成的外交使團(tuán)，乘坐“獅子號(hào)”軍艦，從樸次茅斯港出發(fā)，直航天津，這是“大英帝國”派往中國的第一個(gè)正式訪華使團(tuán)。乾隆五十八年（1793年）7月26日，使團(tuán)船隊(duì)抵達(dá)天津，經(jīng)北京于9月8日到達(dá)熱河。乾隆對(duì)英使來訪很重視，決定在熱河行宮進(jìn)行接見。9月14日，就是在這里的御幄蒙古包，馬戈?duì)柲崽厥乖谌珯?quán)公使、中國翻譯和見習(xí)童子的陪同下，由禮部尚書引領(lǐng)到乾隆皇帝御座旁，拾級(jí)而上，單腿下跪致詞后，呈交了英王給乾隆皇帝的信件和禮品。大家可知道，這個(gè)并不復(fù)雜的謁見禮儀，還是中英雙方磋商了好幾天才定下來的呢！乾隆向馬戈?duì)柲崽厥够刭?zèng)了玉如意等禮品，并讓他們同扈從王公大臣、蒙古王公臺(tái)吉一同參加宴會(huì)，親自給英使賜酒，賞觀雜技、戲劇、拳術(shù)等文藝節(jié)目。9月17日（陰歷八月十三），清廷在山莊舉行盛大的閱兵典禮，慶祝乾隆83歲壽辰，馬戈?duì)柲嵊智皝肀苁钌角f給乾隆皇帝祝壽，晚上在萬樹園觀看了盛大的焰火晚會(huì)。英王在信中提出派使臣常駐北京等一系列要求。乾隆回到北京后，和坤將乾隆在避暑山莊寫好的《賜英吉利國王敕書》交給了馬戈?duì)柲帷?0月7日英使帶著乾隆回贈(zèng)英王的禮物回國。馬戈?duì)柲嵯Ｍㄟ^與清王朝最高當(dāng)局直接談判，打開中國大門，開拓東方貿(mào)易市場(chǎng)的構(gòu)想沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)。清朝在辦理交涉過程中維護(hù)了王朝國威和尊嚴(yán)。但英國使團(tuán)在幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間里對(duì)中國政治、軍事、經(jīng)濟(jì)情況有了一個(gè)直觀的了解，搜集了大量軍政資料。馬戈?duì)柲岬闹袊袨轼f片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)作了理論上的準(zhǔn)備，所以1840年英國人率先用洋槍洋炮打開了中國的大門，從此中國開始了半封建、半殖地的社會(huì)。

請(qǐng)大家隨我從蒙古包度假村南行，經(jīng)萬樹園門出山莊。

（回到汽車上）

女士們、先生們，游覽了避暑山莊以后各位印象如何？現(xiàn)在我要請(qǐng)大家回答前面的問題：我國園林專家們?yōu)槭裁凑f避暑山莊就是祖國錦繡河山的縮影？在回答這個(gè)問題之前，請(qǐng)大家先說說避暑山莊的地形。（??）太好了！這位先生說對(duì)了！那位小姐也說對(duì)了！今天大家游覽時(shí)已經(jīng)看到，避暑山莊的地形是東南部地勢(shì)較低，景色秀麗，如同江南；東北部地勢(shì)平坦，芳草如茵，一派草原風(fēng)光；西北部則地勢(shì)高敞，溝壑縱橫。這一切雖然是“自然天成地就勢(shì)”，卻好像人工雕琢了一般，竟如此巧妙地和我們偉大祖國的地形相吻合，況且全國各地的許多勝景還被神奇般地集中在山莊，因此連園林專家們也都發(fā)出了由衷的贊嘆：避暑山莊就是祖國錦繡河山的縮影。

現(xiàn)在讓我們?cè)賮砜纯幢苁钌角f在我國歷史、文化和園林藝術(shù)方面的地位和作用吧！

在我國歷史上，避暑山莊是清朝前期統(tǒng)一多民族國家鞏固和發(fā)展的歷史見證?？登⑹罆r(shí)期，皇帝每年約有半年左右的時(shí)間，住在避暑山莊，處理朝政。從避暑山莊豐富的歷史內(nèi)涵來說，它又是一座民族和宗教的歷史博物館，是一部用特殊資料編寫的清朝歷史。

從文化價(jià)值來說，避暑山莊是康乾盛世的產(chǎn)物。山莊內(nèi)各種類型的建筑，突出表現(xiàn)了多民族聯(lián)合、宇內(nèi)大一統(tǒng)的思想。在山莊里，漢族文化和一些少數(shù)民族文化，既表現(xiàn)出各自的特點(diǎn)，又吸收了其它文化的精華，呈現(xiàn)出絢麗多姿又融為一體的景觀，真實(shí)地再現(xiàn)了中華文化多元的特點(diǎn)，顯示出避暑山莊在清代處于多民族文化的中心地位?，F(xiàn)在，承德已經(jīng)邁步走向世界，避暑山莊和周圍寺廟群不僅屬于中國，它已經(jīng)成為全人類共同的文化遺產(chǎn)。聯(lián)合國教科文組織的專家稱贊避暑山莊這座優(yōu)秀皇家園林是“集東方哲學(xué)思想之大成”。

從園林藝術(shù)角度看，康熙在建造避暑山莊時(shí)，根據(jù)“物盡天然之趣，不煩人事之工”的原則，充分利用山莊內(nèi)山巒、溪流、湖泊、平原等自然條件，因地制宜地修筑亭臺(tái)樓閣，盡量保留大自然的山林野趣。宮殿區(qū)的建筑雖然嚴(yán)格恪守“天子身居九重”之制，但卻具有北方四合院樸素簡(jiǎn)潔的特色，不用黃琉璃瓦，代以灰瓦蓋頂青磚砌墻，使宮殿區(qū)的建筑與整個(gè)山莊的建筑風(fēng)格相一致，顯得既古樸，又淡雅。可以說，避暑山莊是我國最富有藝術(shù)特色的皇家園林，它集中了歷代造園藝術(shù)的精華，形成了獨(dú)特的民族風(fēng)格，具有高度的藝術(shù)成就，不愧是中國古典園林的一顆燦爛明珠，是世界園林實(shí)例中的奇跡，是我們中華民族的驕傲。? ? ? Mountain Resort is in the Qing Dynasty Kang, Qian symbol.As the founder of Villa Kangxi and Qianlong, had six down the south, traversing the world the beauty of scenery.In the construction of summer resort, the homage to the long house, garden style integration of North and South China as a whole, so that the Summer Resort became the Classical Chinese Gardens summary and distillation.Experts say China's landscape, the Mountain Resort is the epitome of the motherland and beautiful land.Why do the experts say? I think this issue is, please, ladies and gentlemen come back after visiting a summer resort to answer.However, I would let everyone here, mind you, for this reason and the topography of the Mountain Resort.(Tour guides with suspense method to stimulate interest in visiting tourists)Ladies and gentlemen, to the Mountain Resort, please get off, now I will guide you to see her style.(In Korea is outside)

Ladies and gentlemen, this antique door before us is the summer resort's main entrance, called Korea the main entrance is the door out of the Qing Dynasty emperor.Kumon voluminous three, and lower layers.Lower Biyou three square openings, the upper floor there is the city station and Que.You see, among the top of the doorway there was a Dan Bian, above the Qianlong Emperor, with full, Tibetan, Han, Uygur, Mongolian five words inscribed, “Korea at the main entrance,” which symbolizes our country is a united multi-ethnic country.There are two doors on both sides of the lions to show the emperor's authority.Front of Okimichi Square, bluestone paving, all things stand a stone plaza on top with Manchu, Mongolian, Tibetan, Chinese carved in four languages “official persons to this dismount”, so we called it dismount monument.Square has a red screen wall south to the royal garden and separated from the outside world.On the red screen wall, possession of legend inside flying from Jiguanshan Golden Rooster, in the dead of night, the tap screen wall, Rooster will send Jiji sounds.If you would like to research about which the words, please listen to the night here.Well!Today I ask you all as a back, “emperor”, go to enjoy the emperor's life.(Jin Li is inside the door)

Please see the right, the distant mountains, there's a huge stone pillars, Qingtian old, inline clouds.It is rough up, much like the clappers laundry, we who call it wooden club Chengde Mountain, Emperor Kangxi Ciming “chime hammer peak.” The construction of summer resort, the clever to King, so that inside and outside Villa seamless, expanded sense of space, creating a new artistic conception, it is Villa designers use “by the King” is a successful example of garden art.Generally, Chengde must go to the mountains touching about clappers Hill, because of Chengde popular among the phrase: “touch the clappers Hill, 130 live.” If you are interested, may wish to touch up the mountain tomorrow, must be very interesting.This piece is in front of the palace in Chengde, the Qing emperor, “office live” where people are put here for the Chengde Summer Resort Museum.(In the first exhibition room)

First thing our eyes of this chart is the summer resort full map, mountain Zhuangding Sheng Qing Dynasty during the picture map.Mountain Resort, known as the “Rehe palace”, “Summer Palace at Chengde.” It is four years from the Emperor Kangxi(1703)construction of the project, to 50 years Qianlong(1792)Finally completed last 89 years.Several of the former Qing emperor, mid-to come here almost every year Summer summer, dealing with administrative affairs, usually on an annual Lunar 4, in May to nine, returned to Beijing in October.Summer Resort in fact has become the second political center of the Qing Dynasty.Hill covers an area of 5,640,000 square meters throughout its area is about twice the Beijing Summer Palace, Beihai 8 times.Villa can be divided into the palace area and the Court scenic two parts are palace by the palace area, Songhe fast, myriad pines and the Orient House composed of four buildings.Court is divided into scenic mountains, the lakes, plain three parts.To the most extensive mountainous areas, accounting for 70% of the total area of Villa more.Villa set the essence of the country gardens in a park, and show the North with the Southern male characteristics.A total of Qing Dynasty Resort pavilion 90, the dike bridge 29, inscriptions Cliff 25, Rockery Stones more than 70 groups, house, House Church, temples, pavilions, towers and other buildings more than 120 House group, with a total floor area up to more than 100,000 square meters.Emperor Kangxi to four characters named King and Emperor Qianlong of 36 to 3 word name of the 36 most famous scene, collectively, the “Summer Villa 72 King.” Emperor Kangxi praised here is “to open the Arctic own mountains, natural scenic West Lake victory.” Villa Could it be 10 km long, because it resembles the Great Wall, Chengde our people affectionately called “Little Great Wall.” Could it be fake all ethnic groups outside the temple and built the famous Royal temple complex, the temple was surrounded by semi-circular periphery at the Heights, the formation of Zhongxinggongyue trend, a symbol of all nationalities were closely around the center in the Qing Dynasty around.As the years passed, dynasties changed, the Summer Resort have gone through the vicissitudes of life.After the founding of new China, Villa would only have a new life, now is the best preserved the country, the largest imperial garden, is the world's cultural heritage, is a famous tourist destination abroad.(To the second exhibition room)

Most pictures on display here, this magnolia is the most dramatic fall chart.Mulan is the meaning of Manchu deer whistle.Deer whistle is before dawn, the soldiers sneaked into the forest, wearing a deerskin, wearing antlers, wooden whistle blowing mouth, imitating the cry of Bucks.Autumn is the grouping of deer mating season, doe with this method leads to shooting.“" Refers to the fall hunting.This map is drawn by the Qing Xing Long A, depicts a hunting scene 200 years ago the emperor.You may wonder why the Qing emperor, led brigade troops all the way to come here to hunt it? Because the Qing emperors through customs after the Eight Banners in the history of heroic combat troops began to fall, some of them are funk, some create their own scars, sometimes people were injured, many escort, in order not to the front.Kangxi Emperor recognized that improving the quality of soldiers, to consolidate the northern frontier has become imperative.In this situation, the Kangxi Emperor personally led the Manchu soldiers, the xifengkou, north inspections, set to martial arts for the purpose of Hunting Suiyuan.Hunting the establishment of the Qing Dynasty and the Mongolian, Tibetan and friendly relations between the product of close of the Mongolian, Tibetan relations and the Central Plains region, strengthening the Manchu, Mongol, Tibetan, Chinese and exchanges between peoples to consolidate the northern border, help to resist aggression and expansion of Tsarist Russia.The annual hunting for 20 days each time to the emperor personally led the government officials of various ministries and Manchu, Mongol army to participate in the Eight Banners.A large number of troops to meet the rest room and board, saving materials and the need for the emperor dealing with administrative affairs, from Beijing to the paddock to the construction of Shi Yuzuo palace.Rehe in this North patrol routes in the middle, from Beijing to here, memorial Chaofaxizhi, and here a pleasant climate, beautiful scenery, abundant aquatic plants, so Kangxi decided to build a large palace here, which is Rehe palace.In this regard, there is a word Qianlong clearly explained: ”I built the Villa in Beyond the Great Wall Huang Zu, not for his own Yu Yu, Yi Wanshi the Concluding cover it.“ History has shown that fall celebration and summer resort of the establishment, to the Kangxi Emperor, ”together inside and outside of the heart, and the consolidation of the industry“ for political ends.Now we look at this picture, it can be divided into two parts, the palace, the second is the hunting ground.Royal camp is to live and deal with the political affairs of the emperor's place;hunting grounds where the actual hunting.Hunting has a strict organization and discipline of soldiers disguised as a deer after the deer leads, non-commissioned officers were to gradually shrink the pocket, side by side to people, horses and ear level, but not easily killed.Then the emperor first came out shooting the first arrow, and then is the kings ministers, men who in turn shot and killed.The map is painted scenes of hunting deer.Please forward to me.This second door is ”read shooting,“ the emperor watched Prince Huang Sun Archery place.Hanging above the door there was a plaque that says ”Summer Villa“ four gold-filled characters, the Kangxi Emperor Yubi, this plaque exquisite, exceptionally smart.Perhaps you have found this summer resort of the ”avoid“ a cross word to write is the Kangxi Emperor was wrong, or are there other reasons?(......)Or this gentleman(Miss)say, and had two in the Qing Dynasty, ”avoid“ the word used simultaneously, no matter which versions are correct, this is a variant phenomenon.Here are the pursuit of Emperor Kangxi of calligraphy written by her hardest to become so.The two bronze lions in front of both sides, majestic.Speaking of the two bronze lions, there is still a touching legend too!According to legend, the Chinese Anti-Japanese War, Japanese troops occupied the Chengde and widespread looting.One day a group of Japanese soldiers found two bronze lions are beautiful, is priceless, wanted to take away, but the Lions too much copper, they move also could not move, so they look for tools separately.All nursing homes for elderly people to see in the eyes, pain in the heart.He would like to bronze lion is a national treasure, and never let the Japanese soldiers away.He thought quickly and immediately get pig's blood from the village, painted in the lion's eyes, and other Japanese soldiers came back to find tools found in the lion's eyes red, crying out blood and everyone was horrified, afraid of moving Lions bring them bad luck, they Huanglihuangzhang to flee, which David was able to keep still.Now it has become one of the bronze lion mascot of the eyes.If you want all the best, then, do not forget to touch it.(To Worldly Desires Keswick front of the hall)

This Miankuo 7, into the deep triple the hall called ”Worldly Desires Keswick“ house.”Worldly Desires“ word from the ”Book of Changes“: ”do not bother non-interference, Worldly Desires lose,“ Zhuge Liang in his ”book rings“, he said the ”non-Worldly Desires not to Ming-chih, a silent and to non-Zhi Yuan.“ Emperor Kangxi title ”Worldly Desires Keswick“ imply, implicitly expressed his ”prepared and thrifty“ thinking.The temple's main hall is a summer resort, is a Qing Dynasty emperor lived in the Villa deal with affairs of state and when the grand ceremonies.The main hall built with precious Phoebe, so called ”Phoebe Hall.“ When raining when Phoebe fragrance exudes continuously, refreshing.Produced in Yunnan, Guizhou and Jiangsu and Zhejiang Phoebe along the valley among the mountains, in the absence of advanced means of transport in the Qing Dynasty, these heavy timber shipped from far south to northern frontier, most of shipment or use of river water in the dry ice and road splash Results ice of winter, the wood on the ice, and pushed and pulled to rely on manpower, transportation to Chengde, the difficult is self-evident.According to historical records, in order to build this house of Phoebe, spent two silver 72000, employment 190 000.Simple and elegant hall appearance, not decorative painting, marble hall floor, the middle ground with the emperor's throne aerodromes.Throne surrounded by treasure like, end, cranes, Xiang Ting, wishful so exquisite, very beautiful shape.Behind the throne there is a rosewood screen inscribed with 163 personal things, form realistic, lifelike, as the ”Farm Farming and Weaving Changle map“ to show the emperor Powerbut always keep in mind the people.Things in the house of the Qing Dynasty that mountain wall, ”the emperor map“ is a map of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing government sent people to mapping.North wall of the temple of the walls on both sides with Phoebe book format, stored, the ”integration of ancient and modern books,“ one rolls.You may ask: Worldly Desires Keswick Hall is a grand celebration of the place, so how then is it a grand? Then the south tower from the Songhe fast start with.When it was announced the grand ceremony marking the beginning or the audience, Secretary Zhongren Li boarding bell tower, bell, under 9, the Villa within the temple bell gongs, bells followed by Outer Eight Temples also have to be and.81 Ming Zhong were all kinds of sound.Basilica of the former East and West in the corresponding two Laoting musicians began to play music palace, in the harmonious tune, flute drum gongs, under all the policy in place, the emperor dignified silence, face sitting South Wei, start dealing with affairs of state was.I think your mind may have emerged out of this spectacular scene, right?

Emperor Qianlong Worldly Desires Keswick Hall also met leaders of ethnic minorities.19 years of Qianlong(1754)met with the Department of E Lu Te tribe Mongolia Duerbote three policy Ling;Qianlong 30 years(1771), in autumn, met with thousands of miles from the Volga River Basin return to the motherland Torghut Khan Ubashi line;Qianlong 40 years(in 1780)twenty-day lunar month, met with political and religious leader of Tibet's Panchen VI.If the length of the Panchen Lama said, according to historical records, met with ceremony, the Panchen first offer auspicious hada, kneeling please St.Ann.Qianlong left hand propped up the throne, speaking in Tibetan Buddhism security question: ”travel long distances and will feel hard.“ Panchen Lama replied: ”Far hundred Divine Grace, a safe journey home.“ In the past, the Dalai Lama see the emperor, not only kneeling worship, which th Panchen Lama calls for line bow ceremony to show respect for the emperor, supported dynasty, Qianlong this is quite satisfactory.August 13, Qing Emperor Qianlong of 70-year-old held a grand birthday celebration, the Qianlong to the highest standard of treatment of the Panchen Lama, two hand in hand with the throne, the common acceptance of the Mongolian princes, ministers and the retinue of foreign envoys congratulated the Panchen entourage The three major monasteries Khenpo and the Mongolian National Division Zhangjia sing praise Manuscripts.......After the ceremony, Qianlong held four large picnic for the Panchen Lama.Party is associated with sumo, acrobatics, horse racing, fireworks, music and dance style shows, colorful, thrilling and moving.VI of the eastbound Panchen Chengde, closer relations between Tibet and the Qing central government to curb the British East India Company, the infiltration of separatist activities in Tibet.Recalling the history of Worldly Desires Keswick Hall in the political arena, and has performed in over scenes of the Qing Dynasty unified country has a significant impact on a live, write one after another national unity mantra.Please bypass the corridor, in front of us is Miankuo four five-ying, known Bookstore.Ying, the pillars of the front main room.Miankuo 5 Ying is voluminous five meaning.What is a ”four-know“ mean? Han Dynasty Emperor Qianlong's not that Yang Zhen said: Officials must clean, dirty pervert the law can not be greedy, then confidentiality is no hiding things go, because ”Heaven knows, to know, you know, I know.“ Emperor Qianlong's inscription of the ”four know the phrase“ out of ”Book of Changes.“ For ”I Ching“ that ”gentlemen know micro, knowing Chang, soft knowledge, know just, 10,000 married hope.“ Emperor Qianlong would very much appreciate this, because just expressed his hardness and softness, the rule of policy incentives and penalties.Emperor towards a before and after changing here, and sometimes the minister summoned the princes and the minority leader.Long live the photo room and allocated units are now on display is the Queen's official kiln porcelain, enamel, public opinion and the Shek Kwu Queen car, please read on these rare treasures, will make your feast for the eyes of.(North to Yanbo To cool the house compound)

Here is the latter part of the palace area, called ”post-sleep“ is the Empress and concubines used to live.North Hall for the Yanbo To cool the house.Emperor Kangxi said here ”all around show Ling, miles Pinghu that causes Shuangqi“ and this title name of this temple.Out between the exquisite furnishings, splendid;West Snappers are the emperor's chambers.The so-called Snappers, is below ground with fire Road, Luo C in winter will be lit red, hot on the up, Full House are warm.At the same time the room was also placed on the fire and smoked the cage, the emperor set Jiaolu feet.Kangxi and Qianlong, Jiaqing, such as the emperor Xianfeng have lived here.Room by the north wall, floor cover in red sandalwood is the emperor's bed, Xianfeng 10 year(1861), Emperor Xianfeng died of disease in this bed.We visited the residence resembles a small hospital, occurred during the Qing Dynasty a series of major historical events.In 1860, British and French troops attacked Beijing eighth day of the eighth lunar month, Xianfeng Emperor fear foreigners, to carry the Queen Mother and Tsz, Empress 2 Queen fled to refuge in Rehe.That is, here, Xianfeng Emperor of the Qing government to sign the respective quasi-Britain, France and Russia signed the humiliating ”Beijing Treaty“ and to recognize the ”Sino-Russian Treaty of Aigun“ effective, so that our country lost a large territory and sovereignty.Xianfeng's death, Empress Xin here planning a coup, began to help him, the ruling Qing Dynasty up to 48 years, the Chinese further into the abyss of misery.Yanbo To cool the house there are two sides of a campus.Called the East by the east, when Cian Huang Xianfeng in Chengde after the shelter, now on display in the Qing Dynasty court watch.Called the West by the west, ancient Empress at the time of residence of Chengde, the year is now on display is the Empress of some household items and photos.Yunshan Palace Resort Building a positive into the final.This is an exquisite and unique two-story building, this building has no stairs features, but along the front of the rockery on Dengdao upstairs.Side towards the court room is a hanging screen and glass dish exhibitions, glorious, gorgeous, let us never tire.(Myriad Pines Bridge to Ruyi Island)

After reading the Palace Museum is, we now come to the lake, ”Hill to Hill name, is interested in defeating the water“ area is 57 ha, there are seven lakes Yajima.The Lake District rainy water, Chau scattered with one of Jiangnan Water Xiuse.You see, the right side of the lake three pavilion called ”water center pavilion,“ stands above the stone bridge, structural symmetry, bright light.This will be in front of the left ring Bi Long Beach, the middle and the right of the moon ju Island Sound Jiang link to see from above, the shape of the breakwater islands, such as Ganoderma lucidum, the emperor's name to it from Chicago Path cloud embankment.Central Bi-island built east and west adjacent to the two courtyards, each house of San Ying, the name ”Cheng Guang Room“ and ”Ring Bi.“ Bi in the Central Hall to the north near the lake where there are seat Cao Ting, the shape of bamboo hat.Kangxi years, every lunar July 15 Festival of the Dead, often held here Bon.Moon river acoustic door of the island house Kangxi title ”moon river sound.“ When the time on the Dongshan, mountains such as Dai, Ming Yin, near water, poetry please Painting, is very beautiful!House north of the door with ”static Send Shan Fang“, ”Ying Heart Church“ and other groups of buildings, Kangxi and Qianlong emperors who study here.Please follow my path goes along the dike north Chicago, right across the lake in front of the Jinshan Island.Rocky island surrounded by the lake, mood and Jiangsu Zhenjiang Jinshan very similar.Island of the main building ”House of God“ is a ritual to drive away evil and Qing emperors where the Jade Emperor.Mountain platform contains two halls.In addition, crescent-shaped ”Fang Island Pavilion,“ ”mountain climbing Gallery“ and other buildings, then the Emperor landed by boat here.We came to the lake's largest islandCanglang Island, is the imitation of Suzhou ”Canglang Pavilion“ built.Although small in size, but the hall, pavilion, springs, kiosk, gallery cleverly organized with each other for use, just right, blow people away.Film ”Intimate“ is the first set of shots taken here.(Across the board Ching Lin winding bridges Island)

Ladies and gentlemen, the face of this exquisite beauty of the building, called Yanyu Lou.This is a voluminous e-ying?, Two-story house from top to bottom, the upper and lower floor there is a veranda.Yunlong Jinbian on the second floor of the Qianlong Emperor, inscribed.Yanyu Lou and the door between the house of the square is a regular hospital, vigorous upright trees at the old pines.Xu Mizuo the audience on two stone deer copper pair.Yanyu Lou is the imitation of Yanyu Lou Jiaxing, Zhejiang built.When rainy season, rain-shrouded, CASTLE overlooking saw Yuanshanjinshui, among the best in the misty veil, like entering paradise.Floor east, ”Qingyang Random House“ is a place where the emperor practice reading the text;floor southwest of ”the mountain fast,“ facing rockery.Hexagonal pavilion built hill called the Pavilion wing.(Along the northern shore of Lake Crest by ”water goes in,“ ”O(jiān)rioles Bird Tree“ Zhu Pavilion East Bound)

We now arrive at the place is famous for the Rehe spring.Fountain on the piece of stone, the words ”Rehe“ two characters.Because the warm spring, hot spring water imported upstream there, so do not freeze in winter.Especially when the surrounding snow, where the lake is steaming, in fact, wonder.(Enter the Mountain Resort plain)

Before us this piece of open plains, an area of 1000 acres, is the ”million tree garden“ and ”trial Ma Tai,“ composed of two parts.Million potential tree garden flat, luxuriant trees, reindeer come and go during the hare is a rare prairie scenery beyond the Great Wall.Ma Dai in the trial garden trees and the west side, green grass, Chi Road, such as strings, is held in the Qing Dynasty emperor to go to Hunting ”Autumn ceremony“ before selecting the place horse.(To 10 000 trees garden to the west of Wenjin Pavilion)

You see this beautiful old buildings is a collection of the Qing Dynasty famous floorVilla palace wall.It is the mountain on the situation, the winding ups and downs.You walk in the palace wall on the south is expected to magnificent beauty of the Villa, the North is expected to golden Eight Outer Temples.You see, this is exactly like the Potala Palace and the Temple of cases by the Putuo Temple, built in the palace is the Panchen Lama VIKuan Yin Bodhisattva, Thousand.......Tomorrow I will guide you to visit these temples.Now friends with cameras, according to a few more in here like, otherwise you will regret it yo!(Cars through the ”Seifu Green Island“ down the mountain, mountains tour ends)

Through this piece of flat grassland, in front of this high-rise tower called stupa, is the imitation of the Pagoda of Six Harmonies, Hangzhou and Nanjing, the temple will tower built.Directions for the nine-story tower, 67 meters high, we Chengde people call it ”Pagoda of Six Harmonies.“ North and south sides of each layer of stone eight coupons door, the door along the spiral stairs can log on to the top of the tower.Tower for Buddhist statues.Qianlong lived in the Villa, sometimes early in the morning denta bowing.Towering pagodas accompanied by green fields, magnificent, particularly noticeable.Here is a yurt resort.If you look from a distance, right into every white yurt like this group of swans landed on the green grass soft and thick.Here also built a yurt in the Qing Dynasty, Kangxi and Qianlong emperors of the imperial tent and sleeping here, welcome and entertain minority leaders and foreign diplomats.Here to tell you about a famous meeting activities: Qianlong 50 years(1792)September 29, King George II sent a special envoy to Mageerni Lord, Staunton as Fushi, the 100-member diplomatic missions, take the ”lion No.“ ships, from the port of Portsmouth, direct Tianjin, which is ”Great Britain“ and sent the first official visit to China mission.Fifty-eight Qianlong(1793)July 26, mission fleet arrived in Tianjin to Beijing in the Sept.8 arrival Rehe.Emperor Qianlong of the United Kingdom attaches great importance to visit and decided to meet in Rehe palace.September 14, is here royal tent yurt, Mageerni Minister Plenipotentiary Envoy in the Chinese translation and student boy, accompanied by the rites leading to the throne of the Qianlong emperor beside the stairs, one leg kneel Message After King submitted a letter to the Emperor Qianlong and gifts.We can know that this is not complicated an audience etiquette, or Chinese and British sides settle down for several days too!Special Envoy to the Mageerni Qianlong rebates and other gifts of the Ruyi, and let them minister with the retinue kings, princes of Mongolia together with Kyrgyzstan to the party platform, to give himself to the British wine and enjoy the view of acrobatics, drama, martial arts and other cultural programs.September 17(lunar August 13), the Qing court in Hill held a grand military parade to celebrate the birthday of Emperor Qianlong 83, Mageerni Mountain Resort has come to the Qianlong Emperor's birthday, night in the park trees and watched the grand The fireworks show.King raised in the letter sent envoys to Beijing and a series of requirements.Qian returned to Beijing, and Kun Qian Long in the Mountain Resort will be written to ”grant the English King Chi Shu“ to the Mageerni.October 7 England to take King's gift Qianlong rebate back.Mageerni hope that through direct negotiations between the highest authorities of the Qing Dynasty, China opened the door to open up the idea of Oriental trade market did not materialize.Qing Dynasty in the handling process of negotiations to maintain the prestige and dignity Wang Zhaoguo.But the British mission in a few months, China's political, military, and economic conditions have an intuitive understanding of a large number of military and political information gathering.Mageerni behavior of the Opium War in China made a theoretical preparation, so in 1840 the British the first to open China's door to their guns and cannons, from the beginning of the semi-feudal China, semi-colonial in society.Please come with me from the yurt resort south, by 10 000 trees out of Villa Park gate.(Return to the car)

Ladies and gentlemen, after you visit the Summer Resort impression? Now I would like to invite you to answer the previous question: Why is our garden experts Mountain Resort is the epitome of beautiful land motherland? In answering this question, please first talk about the summer resort of the terrain.(......)Great!This gentleman was right!Lady also said that right!Today, we have seen when visiting, Mountain Resort is the southeastern low-lying terrain, beautiful scenery, like the South;north-east flat, grasses, grassland scenery faction;northwest of the terrain Gochang, gully aspect.While all this is ”natural heaven to the situation,“ but as a general artificial polish, could be so clever and topography of our great motherland coincide Moreover many of attraction across the country were also concentrated in the Villa, miraculously, so even the garden experts They also sent a heartfelt admiration: Summer Resort is the epitome of the motherland and beautiful land.Now let us look at the Summer Resort in our history, culture and landscape position and role of the arts it!In our history, the Mountain Resort is a unified multi-ethnic country during the early consolidation and development of historical testimony.Kangxi and Qianlong period, the emperor every year about half a year or so, living in the Mountain Resort, handling affairs of state.From the Summer Resort is rich in historical connotation, it is also an ethnic and religious history museum, is a special information with the written history of the Qing Dynasty.From the cultural value, the Mountain Resort is the product of Kangxi and Qianlong.Villa in all types of construction, outstanding performance of the multi-ethnic coalition, buildings or the unified thoughts.In Hill, the Han culture, and some minority cultures, not only show their own characteristics, but also absorbed the essence of other cultures, showing a further integration of colorful landscapes, a true representation of the diverse characteristics of Chinese culture, showing a summer resort in the Qing Dynasty in the multi-ethnic culture center.Now, have stepped into the world of Chengde, Mountain Resort and around the temple complex belongs not only to China, it has become the common heritage of all mankind.UNESCO experts praise this excellent Summer Resort Royal Gardens is a ”set of Oriental Philosophy of Dacheng.“

Garden art from the perspective of Emperor Kangxi in the construction of summer resort, in accordance with the concept of ”natural the interest in the work is not annoying thing“ principle, the full use of Villa in the mountains, streams, lakes, plains and other natural conditions, local conditions, construction of pavilions pavilion, as far as possible to retain the rustic charm of nature in the mountains.Palace area of construction although strictly adhere to the ”Son of Heaven occupying Cloud Nine," the system, but it has the characteristics of the North Quadrangle plain simple, no yellow glazed tiles, on behalf of the roof with brick walls and gray tiles, so that the entire palace area of the building and Hill consistent architectural style, appears to be both simple and unsophisticated, it elegant.It can be said Mountain Resort is the artistic characteristics of China's richest royal garden, which brings together the best of ancient art of gardening, the formation of a unique national style, with a high degree of artistic achievement, is indeed a splendid classical garden in China Pearl, is the miracle of the world's garden instance, is the pride of the Chinese nation.

第三篇：趵突泉中英文對(duì)照導(dǎo)游詞

Welcome to the beautiful city JiNan which is the capital of ShanDong Province.Now we are in the BaoTu spring park in the center of JiNan.In order to give you a general impression, let me make a brief introduction of the park.The park is located in the downtown area of the city, with Mt.Thousand Buddha to the south, Quancheng Square to the east, and Daming Lake to the north.There are altogether 34 springs in the park.Of course the main and most beautiful one is the Baotuquan Spring, which you will be watching in a moment.The park has two main gates, the east gate and the south gate.Today we’ll enter from the south gate.Ok, this way please.Ladies and gentlemen, here we are in front of the south gate.The south gate of the park is at the middle of Luoyuan Avenue.It was built in 1995.With its unique outline integrating both traditional and local traits, it is claimed to be the number one gate of Chinese gardens.Isn’t it splendid!Shall we go in.Just in front of us is the most famous spring, Baotuquan.It was called Luoshui in ancient time and got its present name form the Song Dynasty.It has a long history and has been the source of the Luo River.The three major springs gush simultaneously from underground with thundering sound, which are described as fountains constantly pumping water.The pool of the water is 30 meters long and 20 meters wide.The spring water keeps its temperature around 18 degrees centigrade all year round.With clear deep water in the spring pool on one side visitors feel as if they were in a fairyland on earth.Many writers, philosophers and poets left poems and verses in praise of the wonderful scene.Look, that pavilion on the west side of the pool is called the Billow Observation Pavilion.It was built in the fifth year of Tianshun emperor of the Qing Dynasty(1461).There are stone tables and benches in it so that visitors can enjoy the scene while relaxing.Embedded on the west wall of the pavilion is the writing of billow observation by a calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty.The stone inscription of No.1 Spring was written by Wang Zhonglin, a famous calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty.Baotuquan Spring carved on a monument to the west of the pavilion was left by Hu Zanzong, governor of Shandong during the Qing Dynasty.On the north bank of the east pool at waterside is the renowned Penglai Tea House, which was visited respectively by Emperor Kangxi and Qianlong, who sat here by the window and enjoyed the colorful charms of the springs over a cup of fragrant tea.A common saying goes that if you don't drink the spring water when you come to JiNan.It is a pity!Now lets have a taste.En Wonderful!歡迎來到美麗的城市濟(jì)南是山東省的省會(huì)?，F(xiàn)在我們?cè)谄溟g公園在濟(jì)南的中心。為了給你一個(gè)總體印象,讓我做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的介紹公園的。公園位于城市的市區(qū),太千佛南,泉城廣場(chǎng)東邊,大明湖畔。在公園里共有34個(gè)泉。當(dāng)然最主要和最漂亮的一個(gè)是Baotuquan泉,你會(huì)看一會(huì)兒。公園里有兩個(gè)大門,東門和南門。今天我們將從南門進(jìn)入。好的,這邊請(qǐng)。

女士們,先生們,我們?cè)谀祥T口前面。公園的南門的中間羅源大道。它建于1995年。以其獨(dú)特的輪廓整合傳統(tǒng)和地方特征,據(jù)稱是中國園林的一號(hào)門。不是很精彩!我們?nèi)ァ?/p>

在我們面前的是最著名的春天,Baotuquan。它在古代被稱為濼水,目前名字形成了宋朝。它歷史悠久,是漯河的來源。三大泉噴同時(shí)用雷鳴般的聲音從地下著,它被描述為噴泉不斷抽水。游泳池的水是長30米,寬20米。泉水一年四季保持其溫度18攝氏度左右。明確深水春池一側(cè)游客覺得他們?cè)谌碎g仙境。許多作家、哲學(xué)家和詩人贊美詩歌和詩歌的美妙的場(chǎng)景。瞧,那亭西側(cè)的池被稱為浪觀察館。它建于天順第五年的清朝皇帝(1461)。有石頭桌子和長凳,使游客可以享受現(xiàn)場(chǎng)而放松。嵌入式的西墻館是翻騰的寫作觀察由清代書法家。王的碑刻第一彈簧是由彭仲林清朝著名書法家。Baotuquan泉刻在紀(jì)念碑西館是留胡纘宗寫下的,在清代山東州長。在水邊的北岸東池是著名的蓬萊茶館,分別參觀了由皇帝康熙和乾隆,坐在這里的窗口和享受豐富多彩的魅力溫泉一杯香茶。

一種常見的諺語說,如果你不來濟(jì)南時(shí)喝泉水。這是一個(gè)遺憾!現(xiàn)在讓我們來嘗一嘗。恩太好了!

第四篇：故宮導(dǎo)游詞-中英文對(duì)照

故宮導(dǎo)游解說詞

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女士們、先生們：

今天有幸陪同大家一道參觀，我感到很高興。這里就是世界聞名的故宮博物館，一般大家都簡(jiǎn)稱它為故宮，顧名思義，就是昔日的皇家宮殿。自1911年清朝末代皇帝愛新覺羅.溥儀被迫宣告退位上溯至1420年明朝第三代永樂皇帝朱棣遷都于此，先后有明朝的14位，清朝的10位，共24位皇帝在這座金碧輝煌的宮城里統(tǒng)治中國長達(dá)五個(gè)世紀(jì)之久。帝王之家，自然規(guī)模宏大，氣勢(shì)磅礴，時(shí)至今日這里不僅在中國，在世界上也是規(guī)模最大，保存最完整的古代皇家宮殿建筑群。由于這座宮城集中體現(xiàn)了我國古代建筑藝術(shù)的優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)和獨(dú)特風(fēng)格，所以在建筑史上具有十分重要的地位，是建筑藝術(shù)的經(jīng)典之作，1987年已被聯(lián)合國教科文組織評(píng)定為世界文化遺產(chǎn)。

故宮又稱紫禁城，究其由來，是由天文學(xué)說和民間傳說相互交融而形成的。中國古代天文學(xué)家將天上所有的星宿分為三垣、二十八宿、三十一天區(qū)。其中的三垣是指太微垣、紫微垣和天市垣。紫微垣在三垣的中央，正符合“紫微居中”的說法。因此，古人認(rèn)為紫外線微垣是天帝之座，故被稱為紫宮?；实凼翘斓壑印⑷碎g至尊，因此他們也要模仿天帝，在自己宮殿的名字上冠其紫字，以表現(xiàn)其位居中央，環(huán)視天下的帝王氣概。還有一個(gè)說法就是指“紫氣東來”。傳說老子出函谷關(guān)，關(guān)令尹喜見有紫氣從東來，知道將有圣人過關(guān)。果然老子騎了青牛前來，喜便請(qǐng)他寫下了《道德經(jīng)》。后人因此以“紫氣東來”表示祥瑞。帝王之家當(dāng)然希望出祥瑞天象，那么用“紫”字來命名也就順理成章了?！敖弊值囊馑季捅容^明顯了，那就是皇宮禁地，戒備森嚴(yán)，萬民莫近。此話決無半個(gè)虛字，在1924年末代皇帝被逐出宮后這里正式開放以前平民百姓別想踏近半步，大家可以想像紫禁城過去是多么崇高威嚴(yán)，神圣不可侵犯??！

紫禁城建在北京，是有其歷史的，也因?yàn)檫@里是一塊風(fēng)水寶地，說起來話長。故宮從明永樂四年（1406）開始修建，用了14年的時(shí)間才基本建成，到今天已有570多年的歷史。大家看到了，故宮是一級(jí)紅墻黃瓦的建筑群，為什么這樣呢？據(jù)道家陰陽五行學(xué)說認(rèn)為，五行包括金，木，水，火，土，其中土占中央方位，因?yàn)槿A夏民族世代生息在黃土高原上，所以對(duì)黃色就產(chǎn)生了一種崇仰和依戀的感情，于是從唐朝起，黃色就成了代表皇家的色彩，其他人不得在服飾和建筑上使用。而紅色，則寓意著美滿，吉祥和富貴，正由于這些原因，故宮建筑的基本色調(diào)便采用了紅，黃兩種顏色。

故宮占地72萬多平方米，有宮殿樓閣9900多間，建筑面積約15萬平方米。四周有高9.9米，號(hào)稱10米的城墻，墻外一周是52米寬的護(hù)城河，俗稱筒子河。城南北長約960米，東西寬約760米，城上四角各有一座結(jié)構(gòu)奇異，和諧美觀的角樓，呈八角形，人稱九梁十八柱，七十二條脊。城四周各設(shè)一門，南面的正門是午門，北門叫神武門，東門叫東華門，西門叫西華門。故宮在施工中共征集了全國著名的工匠23萬，民夫100萬人。所用的建筑材料來自全國各地。比如漢白玉石料來自北京房山縣，五色虎皮石來自河北薊縣的盤山，花崗石采自河北曲陽縣。宮殿內(nèi)墁地的方磚，燒制在蘇州，砌墻用磚是山東臨清燒的。宮殿墻壁上所用的紅色，原料產(chǎn)自山東宣化（今高青縣）的煙筒山。木料則主要來自湖廣，江西，山西等省。由此也可以看出當(dāng)時(shí)工程之浩大。

我們眼前的建筑叫午門。午門是紫禁城的正門，俗稱五鳳樓。明代，每年正月十五，午門都要懸燈賜食百官。到了清代這種活動(dòng)就取消了。每年農(nóng)歷十月初一，都要在這里舉行頒布次年年歷儀式，清代乾隆年間因避乾隆帝“弘歷”的名字，故將“頒歷”改稱“頒朔”。清代，皇帝舉行朝會(huì)或大祀，以及元旦，冬至，萬壽，大婚等重大節(jié)日，都要在這里陳設(shè)鹵簿，儀仗。此外，國家凡有征戰(zhàn)凱旋時(shí)，皇帝在午門接受獻(xiàn)俘典禮，如果皇帝親征也從午門出駕。

關(guān)于“推出午門斬首”的說法，可能是由于戲劇午臺(tái)上及野史小說敷衍而來的。實(shí)際上是明代朝廷命官犯罪，有的在午門廷杖，當(dāng)然嚴(yán)重的可能也有被當(dāng)場(chǎng)打死的。（進(jìn)午門后金水橋前）

現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)到了故宮里面，在正式游覽之前，我先介紹一下故宮的布局和參觀路線。故宮占地72萬多平方米，在這樣大的面積上，集各種建筑手法，建造一組規(guī)模如此宏大的建筑群，不但沒有紛雜現(xiàn)象，反而給人以結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，色彩輝煌和布局規(guī)整的感覺，最主要的手段是建造中突出了一條極為明顯的中軸紅，這條中軸線和整座北京城有機(jī)地結(jié)為一體，北從鐘樓，南至永定門，總長度約8公里，皇家禁區(qū)苑內(nèi)的部分約占三分之一。宮內(nèi)重要建筑都在這條中軸線上，其它建筑分東西對(duì)稱分布。整個(gè)宮殿的設(shè)計(jì)和布局都表現(xiàn)了封建君主的“尊嚴(yán)”和對(duì)封建等級(jí)制度的森嚴(yán)。

故宮分外朝內(nèi)廷?，F(xiàn)在我們?cè)谕獬淖钅隙苏?，前面是太和門。門前有一對(duì)青銅獅子，威嚴(yán)，兇悍，成了門前橋頭的守衛(wèi)者，象征著權(quán)力與尊嚴(yán)。皇帝貴為天子，門前的獅子自然最精美，最高大了。東邊立的為雄獅，前爪下有一只幼獅，象征皇權(quán)永存，千秋萬代。我們眼前的這條小河，叫金水河，起裝飾和防水之用。河上五座橋象征孔子所提倡的五德：仁、義、禮、智、信。整條河外觀象支弓，中軸線就是箭，這表明皇帝受命于天，代天帝治理國家。

（在太和門前）

故宮建筑分為“外朝”與“內(nèi)廷”兩大部分。由午門到乾清門之間的部分分為“外朝”，以太和、中和、保和三大殿為中心，東西兩側(cè)有文華、武英兩組宮殿，左右對(duì)稱，形成“外朝”雄偉壯觀的格局。三大殿前后排列在同一個(gè)龐大的“工”字型漢白玉石殿基上，殿基高8米，分為三層，每層有漢白玉石刻欄桿圍繞，三臺(tái)中有三層石雕“御路”。太和殿俗稱金鑾殿，是故宮最高大的一座建筑物，也是國內(nèi)最高大、最壯麗的古代木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑。乾清門以內(nèi)為“內(nèi)廷”，建筑布局也是左右對(duì)稱。中部為乾清宮，交泰殿、坤寧宮，是封建皇帝居住和處理日常政務(wù)的地方。兩側(cè)的東、西六宮是嬪妃的住所，東、西一所是皇子的住所?！皟?nèi)廷”還有為皇家游玩的三處花園——御花園、慈寧花園、乾隆花園。內(nèi)金水河沿“內(nèi)廷”西邊蜿蜒繞過英武殿、太和門、文華殿流出宮外，河上有白玉石橋，沿河兩岸有曲折多姿的白玉雕欄桿，形似玉帶。故宮建筑絕大部分以黃琉璃瓦為頂，在陽光下金碧輝煌，莊嚴(yán)美觀。

故宮中的建筑除了突出中軸線外，還用了各種手法，使宮城中各組建筑獨(dú)具特色。比如殿基的處理，殿頂?shù)男问?，吻獸和垂脊獸的數(shù)目，彩繪圖案的規(guī)制等等。這樣，不僅使主要建筑更顯得高大，壯觀，而且還表現(xiàn)了宮中建筑的等級(jí)差別。民間傳說故宮有房9999間半，說天上的皇宮一共有房10000間，地上的皇帝自稱“天子”，不敢與其同數(shù)，所以就少了半間。這半間房在哪兒呢？它指的便是文淵閣西頭那一小間。實(shí)際上紫禁城有房9000余間，所謂的這半間是根本不存在的。文淵閣西頭一間，面積雖小，僅能容納一個(gè)樓梯，但它仍是一整間。文淵閣樓下是藏我國第一部《四庫全書》的地方，為了照顧布局上的美觀，所以把西頭一間建造的格外小。

（經(jīng)過太和門之后）

女士們、先生們，前面的大殿叫太和殿，俗稱金鑾殿，是故宮內(nèi)最大宮殿。建筑面積2377平方米，重檐廡殿頂，是殿宇中最高等級(jí)，為外朝三大殿中最大的一座。太和殿建在三層重疊的“工”字型須彌座上，由漢白玉雕成，離地8余米，下層臺(tái)階21級(jí)，中，上層各9級(jí)。

太和殿始建于公元1406年，經(jīng)歷了三次火災(zāi)和一次兵燹的毀壞，現(xiàn)在大家看到的是清朝建的。四個(gè)屋檐上各有一排動(dòng)物，原來是釘子，用來固定瓦片用的，后來換成了神話傳說中的動(dòng)物，據(jù)說可以辟邪，而且數(shù)量越多，表明建筑越重要。太和殿上有9個(gè)，9是陽之極數(shù)，依次為7、5、3、1，平民百姓家是不允許有這種裝飾的。

明清兩朝曾有24個(gè)皇帝在此登基，宣布即位詔書。元旦、冬至、皇帝生日、冊(cè)立皇后、頒布法令、政令、派將出征、金殿傳臚以及賜安等等，皇帝都要在這里舉行儀式，接受文武百官朝賀。

這個(gè)廣場(chǎng)是太和殿廣場(chǎng)，面積達(dá)3萬平方米。整個(gè)廣場(chǎng)無一草一木，空曠寧靜，給人以森嚴(yán)肅穆的感覺。正中為御路，左右地面鋪的磚橫七豎八，共15層，以防有人挖地道進(jìn)入皇宮。周圍有一些大 缸，是做什么用的呢？在故宮里一共有308個(gè)大缸，是用來儲(chǔ)水防炎的，缸下可燒炭加溫，防止冬天缸水結(jié)冰。為什么要建這么大的廣場(chǎng)呢·那是是為了讓人們感覺到太和殿的雄偉壯觀。站在下面向前望去：藍(lán)天之下，黃瓦生輝。層層石臺(tái)，如同白云，加上香煙繚繞，整個(gè)太和殿好像天上仙境一樣。舉行大典時(shí)，殿內(nèi)的琺瑯仙鶴盤上點(diǎn)上蠟燭，香亭、香爐燒檀香，露臺(tái)上的銅爐、龜、鶴燃松柏枝，殿前兩側(cè)香煙繚繞，全場(chǎng)鴉雀無聲?；实鄣巧蠈氉鶗r(shí)，鼓樂齊鳴，文武大臣按呂級(jí)跪伏在廣場(chǎng)，仰望著云中樓閣山呼萬歲，以顯示皇帝無上權(quán)威與尊嚴(yán)。

清朝末代皇帝溥儀1908年底登基時(shí)，年僅3歲，由他父親攝政王載灃把他抱扶到寶座上。當(dāng)大典開始時(shí)差，突然鼓樂齊鳴，嚇得小皇帝哭鬧不止，嚷著要回家去。載灃急得滿頭大汗，只好哄著小皇帝說：“別哭，別哭，快完了，快完了！”大臣們認(rèn)為此話不吉祥，說來也巧，3年后清朝果真就滅亡了，從而結(jié)束了我國2000多年的封建統(tǒng)治。

（在太和殿的石臺(tái)上）

這是銅香爐，是皇帝舉行典禮時(shí)焚燒檀香用的。這里一共有18座，代表清朝18個(gè)省。殿外左右安放四個(gè)銅缸，象征”金甌無缺“，作為貯水防火之用。臺(tái)基東西兩側(cè)各有一只銅制仙鶴和龜，是長壽的象征。這個(gè)由鉛鑄造成的器具叫嘉量，嘉量是當(dāng)時(shí)量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)器，表示皇帝公平處事，誰半斤,誰八兩，心中自然有數(shù)。對(duì)面還有一個(gè)石頭做成的器具叫做日晷，是古代的測(cè)時(shí)儀?；实鄣囊馑际牵毫亢蜁r(shí)的基準(zhǔn)都在自己手里。

太和殿正面有12根圓紅柱，東西約63米，南北進(jìn)深約37米，高35米，殿前丹陛三層五出，殿前后有金扉40個(gè)，金鎖窗16個(gè)，整個(gè)大殿雕梁畫棟，豪華富麗。殿內(nèi)中央設(shè)有2米高的平臺(tái)，上面擺放著雕有9條金龍的楠木寶座。后面有金漆圍屏，前面有御案，左右有對(duì)稱的寶象、角端、仙鶴、香筒等陳列品。象馱寶瓶，內(nèi)裝五谷，象征太平景象、五谷豐登。角端是我國古代神話傳說中的一種神獸，可“日行一萬八千里”，通曉四方語言，只有明君，它才捧書而至，護(hù)駕身旁。

太和殿也叫金鑾殿，為什么這么叫呢？因殿內(nèi)為金磚墁地而得名。金磚墁地平整如鏡，光滑細(xì)膩，像是灑了一層水，發(fā)著幽暗的光。那么金磚真的含金嗎？其實(shí)這是一種用特殊方法燒制的磚，工藝考究，復(fù)雜，專為皇宮而制，敲起來有金石之聲，所以稱作“金磚”。燒這種磚，每一塊相當(dāng)于一石大米的價(jià)錢，可見金磚雖不含金，但也確實(shí)貴重。

殿內(nèi)共有72根大主柱，支撐其全部重量，其中6根雕龍金柱，瀝粉貼金，圍繞著寶座周圍。在殿中央有一藻井，是從古代“天井”和“天窗”形式演變面來，為中國古代建筑的特色之一。主要設(shè)置在“尊貴”的建筑物上，有“神圣”之意。在藻井中央部位，有一浮雕蟠龍，口銜一球（球?yàn)殂~胎中空，外涂水銀），此球叫軒轅鏡，傳說是遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代軒轅黃帝制造的，懸球與藻井蟠龍聯(lián)在起，構(gòu)成游龍戲珠的形式，懸于帝王寶座上方，以示中國歷代皇帝都是軒轅的子孫，是黃帝正統(tǒng)繼承者。它使殿堂富麗堂皇，雍容華貴。鏡下正好對(duì)著寶座，據(jù)說是袁世凱怕大球掉下來把他砸死，故將寶座向后挪到現(xiàn)在的位置。關(guān)于龍椅，這里面有段故事。1916年（民國五年）袁世凱登基時(shí)，把原來的寶座搬走了，換了一把西式高背大椅，上飾他自己設(shè)計(jì)的帝國徽號(hào)。據(jù)說他的腿短，因而將椅座降低。新中國成立后，為了尋找那把龍椅，根據(jù)過去的一張照片，在破家具庫找到了一把破椅，經(jīng)專家鑒定，這椅子就是皇帝寶座，后經(jīng)修復(fù)展出。

（帶客人至太和殿東或西側(cè)銅缸處）

古人把陳設(shè)在殿堂皇屋宇前的大缸，稱為“門海”，門海者，蓋“門前大海”之意，古人相信，門前有大海，就不怕鬧火災(zāi)。因此，大缸又稱為吉祥缸。它既是陳設(shè)品，又是消防器材。在科學(xué)不民達(dá)的古代，宮中沒有自來水，更沒有消防器材。因此，缸內(nèi)必須長年儲(chǔ)滿水以備不虞。

清代時(shí)，共有308口大缸，按其質(zhì)量分類三種，即鎏金銅缸、燒古銅缸和鐵缸，其中最珍貴的是鎏金銅 缸。然而這些鎏金銅缸沒有逃脫侵略者刺刀刮體的厄運(yùn)。侵略者是誰？是英、美、德、法、俄、日、意、奧八國聯(lián)軍。為了鎮(zhèn)壓中國人民反帝的義和團(tuán)運(yùn)動(dòng)，1900年的8月13日至8月15日，八國聯(lián)軍攻陷北京，進(jìn)占紫禁城。救死扶傷和軍官們燒、殺、搶、掠，從宮中及頤和園等處動(dòng)掠奪的文物在各侵略國使館區(qū)堆積如山，至今仍有大量文物被倫敦、巴黎、紐約博物館攫為已有。這一切包括眼前這口缸上的道道刮痕都已成為帝國主義侵略中國的鐵證。是偽統(tǒng)治時(shí)期，大缸被拉出宮門，裝上日本侵略軍的卡車，用去制作子彈，再反過來屠殺我國人民。

（中和殿前）

眼前這個(gè)方形建筑是中和殿?；实叟e行大典前，先到此暫坐休息，會(huì)見一些官員?；实廴ヌ臁⒌?、日、月四壇祭祀時(shí)，前一天也要在中和殿里看祭文。每年二月皇帝到先家壇舉行親耕儀式，前一天要來這里閱視種子、農(nóng)具、祝文。這里現(xiàn)在陳列的是乾隆年間的兩面三刀頂肩輿，即八抬大轎

城角

故宮的四個(gè)城角，每一個(gè)角上有一座九梁十八柱七十二條脊的角樓，建造的可好看了。這四座角摟是怎么蓋的呢？北京有這么個(gè)傳說——

明朝的燕王朱隸在南京做了永樂皇帝以后，因?yàn)楸本┦撬鐾鯛敃r(shí)候的老地方，就想遷都北京，于是就派了親信大臣到北京蓋皇官。朱隸告訴這個(gè)大臣：要在皇宮外墻——紫禁城的四個(gè)犄角上，蓋四座樣子特別美麗的角樓，每座角樓要有九梁十八柱、七十二條脊。并且說：“你就做這個(gè)管工大臣吧，如果修蓋的不好是要?dú)㈩^的！”管工大臣領(lǐng)了皇帝的諭旨后，心里非常發(fā)愁，不知如何蓋這九梁十八柱、七十二條脊的角樓。

管工大臣到了北京以后，就把八十一家大包工木廠的工頭、木匠們都叫來，跟他們說了皇帝的旨意，限期三個(gè)月，叫他們一定要按期蓋成這四座怪樣子的角樓，并且說：“如果蓋不成，皇帝自然要?dú)⑽业念^，可是在沒殺我的頭之前，我就先把你們的頭砍了，所以當(dāng)心你們的腦袋?！惫ゎ^和木匠們對(duì)這樣的工程都沒把握，只好常常在一塊琢磨法子。

三個(gè)月的期限是很短的，一轉(zhuǎn)眼就是一個(gè)月了，工頭和木匠們還沒想出一點(diǎn)頭緒、一點(diǎn)辦法來，他們做了許多樣型，都不合適。這時(shí)候，正趕上六七月的三伏天氣，熱得人都喘不上氣來，加上心里煩悶，工頭和木匠們真是坐也不合適，躺也不合適。有這么一位木匠師傅，實(shí)在呆不住了，就上大街閑遛去了。

走著走著，聽見老遠(yuǎn)傳來一片蟈蟈的吵叫聲，接著、又聽見一聲吆喝：“買蟈蟈，聽叫去，睡不著，解悶兒去！”走近一看，是一個(gè)老頭兒挑著許多大大小小秫秸編的蟈蟈籠子，在沿街叫賣。其中有一個(gè)細(xì)秫秸棍插的蟈蟈籠子，精巧得跟畫里的一座樓閣一樣，里頭裝著幾只蟈蟈，木匠師傅想：反正是煩心的事，該死的活不了，買個(gè)好看的籠子，看著也有趣兒，于是就買下了。

這個(gè)木匠提著蟈蟈籠子，回到了工地。大伙兒一看就吵嚷起來了：“人們都心里怪煩的，你怎么買一籠子蟈蟈來，成心吵人是怎么著？”木匠笑著說：“大家睡不著解個(gè)悶兒吧，你們瞧??”他原想說你們瞧這個(gè)籠子多么好看呀！可是他還沒說出嘴來，就覺得這籠子有點(diǎn)特別。他急忙擺著手說：“你們先別吵吵嚷嚷的，讓我數(shù)數(shù)再說?！八严X蟈籠子的梁啊、柱啊、脊呀細(xì)細(xì)地?cái)?shù)了一遍又一遍，大伙被他這一數(shù)，也吸引得留了神，靜靜地直著眼睛看著，一點(diǎn)聲音也沒有。

木匠數(shù)完了蟈蟈籠子，蹦起來一拍大腿說：“這不正是九梁十八柱七十二條脊么？”大伙一聽都高興了，這個(gè)接過籠子數(shù)數(shù)，那個(gè)也接過籠子數(shù)數(shù)，都說：“真是九梁十八柱、七十二條脊的樓閣啊，”

大伙兒受這個(gè)籠子的啟發(fā)，琢磨出了紫禁城角樓的樣子，燙出紙漿做出樣型，最后修成了到現(xiàn)在還存在的角摟。北京-故宮英文導(dǎo)游詞 The Fobidden City FORBIDDEN CITY(紫禁城)

(In front of the meridian gate)

This is the palace museum;also know as the Purple Forbidden City.It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today.Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406.It took 14years to build the Forbidden City.The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi.For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne.In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng(Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star).The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace.Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence.In folklore, the term ‖an eastern purple cloud is drifting‖ became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass.Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments.The word jin(forbidden)is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic.Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth.Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people.Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape.It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west.It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters.A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex.Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall.There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess)to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Gate of military Prowess)to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate)to the west ,the Donghua(Eastern Flowery Gate)to the east.Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City.A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed.Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province.Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province.Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China.Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province.Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate.It is the main entrance to the forbidden City.It is also knows as Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower).Ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties.They also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.Qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year.Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon)to avoid coincidental association with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time.Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies.For example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.(After entering the Meridian Gate and standing in front of the Five Marble Bridges on Golden Water River)

now we are inside the Forbidden City.Before we start our tour, I would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us.To complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the City of Beijing.The Forbidden City covers roughly one –third of this central axis.Most of the important building in the Forbidden City weree arranged along this line.The design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal system.The Forbidden City is divided into an outer and an inner count.We are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count.In front of us lies the Gate of supreme Harmony.The gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity.The lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind.The one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity.The other one is a female.Underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession.The winding brook before us is the Golden Water River.It functions both as decoration and fire control.The five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by Confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity.The river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow.This was meant to show that the Emperors ruled the country on behalf of God.(In front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony)

The Forbidden City consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure.The out count yard covers a vast space lying between the Meridian Gate and the Gate of Heavenly Purity.The ―three big halls‖ of Supreme Harmony, Complete Harmony and Preserving Harmony constitute the center of this building group.Flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: Wenhua(Prominent Scholars)and Wuying(Brave Warriors).The three great halls are built on a spacious ―H‖-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, Each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs.There are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures.The hall of supreme Harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of China.From the palace of Heavenly Purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns.In the center are the Palace of Heavenly Purity, the Hall of Union and Peace and Palace of Earthly Tranquility, a place where the Emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs.Flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived.There are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial Garden, Caning garden and Quailing garden.An inner Golden Water River flows eastwardly within the inner court.The brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the Forbidden City.It is spanned by the White Jade Bridge.The river is lined with winding, marble –carved balustrades.Most of the structures within the Forbidden City have yellow glazed tile roofs.Aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns.With these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened.Folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the Forbidden City.Since Paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the Son of Heaven on earth cut the number by half a room.It is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the Wenyuange Pavilion(imperial library).As a matter of fact, although the Forbidden City has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent.The Wenyuange Pavilion is a library where ―Si Ku Quan Shu‖-China `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.(After walking past the Gate of Supreme Harmony)

Ladies and Gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the Forbidden City.This structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves.The Hall of Supreme Harmony sits on a triple ―H‖-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases.The staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.The construction of the Hall of Supreme Harmony began in 1406.It burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny.The existing architecture was built during the Qing Dynasty.On the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles.These animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits.There are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall.The number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.There was a total of 24 successive emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties who were enthroned here.The ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the Winter Solstice, The Chinese Lunar New Year, the Emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war.On such occasions, the Emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.This area is called the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, Without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur.In the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the Emperor.On both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all.The purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace.In the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires.In the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats.In wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing.Why so vast a square? It was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness.Imagine the following scene.Under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme Harmony into a fairyland.Whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall.When the Emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played.Civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.The last Qing emperor Puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, His father carried him to the throne.At the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared.He was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,‖I don’t want to stay here."

第五篇：桂林中英文對(duì)照的導(dǎo)游詞

桂林

Welcome to guilin！My name is xijingjing, and I’m very glad to be your local guide for today’s visition.Now , I’d like to give you a brief introduction of the guilin，guilin isfamous as tourist city in the world , attracting a greatnumber of tourists who are from all over the word.With the increasing number of tourists ,the construction of tourist service facilities have beendeveloped rapidly in GuiLin.Nowadeys ,there are over 20 air routes thatcan reachHong Kong and the othermajor domestic tourist cities.現(xiàn)在，桂林已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)世界的重點(diǎn)旅游城市，每年都吸引大量的中外旅游者前來游覽，隨著游客的不斷增多，桂林市的旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施建設(shè)也在迅速的發(fā)展?，F(xiàn)在已有20多條空中航線可直接飛香港和國內(nèi)的各個(gè)主要的旅游城市。

Guilin is a renowned historical and cultural city with 2000 years of history and a famous tourist city.GuiLin have a great number of ancient cultural relics, for example ,the han tombs in yanshang mountains ,the ancient pagoda of the tang dynasty , sculptures on the precipices of west mountains in tang dynasty,the ruin of dahe kiln of the song dynasty ,huaqiao ,tombs of king jinjiang of the ming dynasty ,the city wall of the ming dynasty ,and so on.桂林具有兩千年的歷史文化名城，著名的旅游城市，桂林有著眾多的古文化遺跡，如雁山漢墓群、唐代的木龍古塔、唐代的西山摩崖造像、宋代的大河窯址、花橋、明代的靖江王墓群。明代的王城等

GuiLin locate in the Limestone karst landscape ,therefor guilin is not only surrounded by the stone in the urban area ,but also is surrounded bythe weird shaped stonein the center city.It is surprised to everyone.There are many famous scenic spots.For example ,Trunk mountain, Diecai mountain, Seven Star rocks, and Fubo mountain ,and so on.桂林處在石灰?guī)r巖溶地貌，所以不僅城區(qū)周圍峰石環(huán)繞，即使市區(qū)也是奇峰聳立，令人稱絕，獨(dú)秀峰。象鼻山、伏波山、七星巖、蘆笛巖等都以成為特色的旅游景點(diǎn)。

There is much characteristic food in Guilin.Nowadays , Sichuan Food and Cantonese cuisine are vary popular.From splendid restaurants to local snacks, tourists who are from around the world can find that your need is met beyond your expectations.The most popular local snacks including Guilin rice noodles(mifen), nun noodles, chestnut glutinous rice dumplings(banli zong), stewed duck with gingko, lotus-leaf duck and stewed duck with ginger.桂林包括許多地區(qū)特色食品。近年來，四川菜和廣東成為最受歡迎的。從華麗的餐廳，小吃，來自世界各地的游客一定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，你需要的是 遇到超出您的期望。最受歡迎的地方小吃 包括桂林米粉（蜜粉），尼姑面，板栗粽子（半粒宗），白果燉老鴨，鴨和鴨燒生姜蓮花葉。

米粉Rice noodles 扣肉Braised pork啤酒魚Beer fish

桂林人口有125萬，其中包括漢、壯、苗、瑤等11個(gè)民族，在桂林我們可以體驗(yàn)各種民族風(fēng)情。

Guilin has a population of 1250000, including the Han , Zhuang, Miao, Yao , and other 11 ethnic groups,.InGuilin we can experience a variety of folk customs.That is all.thank you.i hope everyone has a good trip.