第一篇：2012年高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試口語大綱

12年高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試口語大綱 點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試在線題庫

總述

本考試是“高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試”附設(shè)的口語能力考試，由高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試委員會(huì)設(shè)計(jì)、命題和提供評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，各省、市教育主管部門主持、管理和實(shí)施。

一、考試簡介

1.1 考試對(duì)象和報(bào)考條件

“高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試口語考試”(以下簡稱“口試”)的報(bào)考條件是在校的高職高專學(xué)生。

1.2 考試形式

口試采用計(jì)算機(jī)輔助形式在多媒體教室進(jìn)行。根據(jù)多媒體教室的大小，每場考試可以有數(shù)十名考生同時(shí)參加。

考試不設(shè)主考，只設(shè)監(jiān)考，試題(包括其指示說明)全部集成在本口語考試專用的軟件系統(tǒng)中?？忌鶕?jù)軟件系統(tǒng)屏幕和語音提示及問題直接以口頭方式回答，并通過麥克風(fēng)實(shí)時(shí)錄制到系統(tǒng)中。

整個(gè)考試過程約為17分鐘，實(shí)際考試的時(shí)間為13到15分鐘；考生回答問題的實(shí)際時(shí)間累計(jì)約為7分鐘。

在正式考試開始之前，考生有1分30秒回答“熱身”問題，目的是讓考生熟悉、適應(yīng)考場環(huán)境和考試方式，消除考生的緊張感，幫助他們進(jìn)入良好的應(yīng)考狀態(tài)。其內(nèi)容包括核實(shí)考生身份(由考生通過麥克風(fēng)把自己的姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)錄入系統(tǒng)中)，并讓考生回答3個(gè)問題(如天氣、家庭、個(gè)人興趣、校園生活等)。在考生回答完“熱身”問題之后，系統(tǒng)提示考生考試正式開始。

考試主體共由4個(gè)部分組成，各部分之間都有系統(tǒng)提示，提醒考生即將進(jìn)入下一個(gè)部分的考試。

第一部分是朗讀短文(Loud Reading)，共1題，短文長度在120詞左右。主要測試考生的語音、語調(diào)、斷句等朗讀技巧和流利程度。朗讀的材料選自口語體短文或獨(dú)白，屬于口頭交際范疇，如開場白、電話轉(zhuǎn)述、口頭通知等?？忌?分鐘的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間。在聽到系統(tǒng)提示后，考生開始朗讀短文，時(shí)間為1分鐘。

第二部分是提問—回答(Questions & Answers)。主要測試考生就交際話題提出問題或給予回應(yīng)的能力。在這一部分，考生將讀到一段實(shí)用性的涉外交際活動(dòng)文字，如廣告、啟事、通知等。本部分包含兩個(gè)子部分：提問部分和回答部分。在提問部分，系統(tǒng)將給考生提供一個(gè)身份以及所需要完成的任務(wù)。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)提示的要求，考生需就文字材料內(nèi)容提出若干問題。在回答部分，系統(tǒng)提示將給考生提供另外一個(gè)身份；同時(shí)，考生會(huì)聽到一段內(nèi)容不完整的對(duì)話。考生要根據(jù)文字材料內(nèi)容和所扮演的角色補(bǔ)全該對(duì)話。例如，在第一部分，考生先在文字材料中讀到一則賓館的廣告，然后錄音的第一部分提示：假定考生是一名想要預(yù)訂房間的顧客。考生需要根據(jù)他(她)所看到的廣告內(nèi)容提出若干問題，從而決定他(她)是否要預(yù)訂房間。在錄音的第二部分中，系統(tǒng)提示考生的身份是一個(gè)旅行社的職員，需要就顧客的咨詢做出恰當(dāng)?shù)幕卮稹？忌诼牭较到y(tǒng)提示之后應(yīng)立即開始提問或回答。每一次提問或回答的時(shí)間為10秒鐘。答題時(shí)間總計(jì)為1分鐘。

第三部分是漢譯英(Chinese-English interpretation)，共5題。主要測試考生在日常涉外活動(dòng)和涉外業(yè)務(wù)中的口頭翻譯能力。考生在聽到系統(tǒng)提示之后應(yīng)立即開始或停止口頭翻譯。實(shí)際翻譯時(shí)間總計(jì)為1分40秒。本部分有以下幾種不同的題型：

(a)在這一部分的指示說明結(jié)束之后，考生將依次聽到并口頭翻譯5個(gè)不很復(fù)雜的中文單句；

(b)考生在電腦屏幕上讀到一個(gè)包含5個(gè)不很復(fù)雜的中文單句的段落?？忌?0秒鐘時(shí)間閱讀該材料。之后，考生需要將該段落逐句口頭翻譯成英文；

(c)考生在電腦屏幕上讀到一段中英文相間的對(duì)話?？忌?0秒鐘時(shí)間閱讀該對(duì)話。然后考生需根據(jù)對(duì)話所提供的上下文，將對(duì)話中的中文部分(共5句)口頭翻譯成英文；

(d)首先，系統(tǒng)將播放一段中英文相間的對(duì)話(不顯示錄音文字)，讓考生了解該對(duì)話的主題以及大致意思。然后，系統(tǒng)將該對(duì)話逐句再播放一遍，要求考生將對(duì)話中的中文部分(共5句)在留出的時(shí)間內(nèi)口頭譯成英文。

第四部分是看圖講話(Presentation)，共1題。主要測試考生用英語進(jìn)行連貫的口頭表達(dá)能力。在這一部分的指示說明結(jié)束之后，考生將在電視屏幕上看到一幅或幾幅圖片、照片或一個(gè)圖表(包括簡明文字提示)，內(nèi)容涉及廣告、產(chǎn)品/公司介紹、信息發(fā)布、業(yè)務(wù)交流等涉外業(yè)務(wù)交際?？忌?分鐘時(shí)間進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)備。在聽到系統(tǒng)提示后，考生需對(duì)圖片、照片或圖表的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行連貫陳述。答題時(shí)間為2分鐘。

1.3 考試內(nèi)容

1.3.1 語言交際范圍

口試要求考生能在不同場景下參與不同形式的口頭交際?？忌恼Z言能力將根據(jù)他們在考試中的表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行測定。考生需要掌握的語言交際能力，以《高職高專教育英語課程教學(xué)基本要求》交際范圍表為依據(jù)，包括：

I.日常交際：

A.交際功能：介紹、問候、感謝、致歉、道別、指點(diǎn)、接受、拒絕、問訊等。

B.交際主題：天氣、學(xué)習(xí)、愛好、飲食、健康、問路等。

II.業(yè)務(wù)交際：

A.日常涉外活動(dòng)：迎送，安排日程與活動(dòng)，安排住宿，宴請(qǐng)與迎送會(huì)，陪同外賓購物、游覽、就診等。

B.一般涉外業(yè)務(wù)：

* 介紹公司／工廠：歷史、現(xiàn)狀；

* 介紹產(chǎn)品：類型、性能、規(guī)格、市場等；

* 業(yè)務(wù)洽談：合作意向、投資意向、簽訂合同、人員培訓(xùn)、專家待遇、議價(jià)、折扣、傭金、訂購、付款方式、交貨日期、保險(xiǎn)等；

* 參加業(yè)務(wù)交流。

1.3.2 系統(tǒng)提供給考生的信息

口試主要以下列三種形式向考生提供考試提示：

I.文字提示；

II.聲音提示；

III.畫面提示(如圖片、圖表、動(dòng)畫或錄像片段等)。

1.4 評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及評(píng)分描述

口試的評(píng)分圍繞內(nèi)容、表達(dá)及所用語言等方面，采取體計(jì)分的辦法評(píng)定。由考試委員會(huì)制定并提供評(píng)分細(xì)則和評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

1.5 成績與證書

口試成績分為優(yōu)秀、合格、不合格三個(gè)等級(jí)。

等級(jí)描述

優(yōu)秀 能用英語比較順利地進(jìn)行不十分復(fù)雜的、一定范圍內(nèi)的日常和業(yè)務(wù)口頭涉外交際。

合格 能用英語進(jìn)行簡單的、一定范圍內(nèi)的日常和業(yè)務(wù)口頭涉外交際。

不合格 尚不具備用英語進(jìn)行口頭交際的能力。

口試成績合格者，將獲得“高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試(口試)”證書。證書分為兩個(gè)等級(jí)：優(yōu)秀和合格。

1.6 考試時(shí)間：每年舉行一或二次，一般為每年5月和12月。

1.7 考點(diǎn)設(shè)置

口試以學(xué)校為單位設(shè)立考點(diǎn)。達(dá)到施考條件的學(xué)校向所在省(市)教學(xué)主管部門提出申請(qǐng)，經(jīng)省(市)教學(xué)主管部門和高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試委員會(huì)協(xié)商后確定?？键c(diǎn)原則上接受本校的考生報(bào)名，有考生報(bào)名。

二、考生須知

2.1 考生報(bào)名

考生原則上應(yīng)在設(shè)有考點(diǎn)的本學(xué)校報(bào)名參加考試?？缧?bào)名需得到所報(bào)考點(diǎn)的同意。

2.2 注意事項(xiàng)

* 考生需攜帶本人的準(zhǔn)考證和身份證準(zhǔn)時(shí)到規(guī)定的候考室報(bào)到，逾時(shí)10分鐘即不得進(jìn)入候考室。此外，在候考期間未經(jīng)同意不得擅自離開候考室。

* 考試時(shí)，考生不得攜帶任何未經(jīng)允許的物品(如移動(dòng)電話、BP機(jī)、電子詞典、收音機(jī)等)，并不得佩戴會(huì)發(fā)聲的飾物。

* 考試期間，考生必須遵守考場紀(jì)律，服從監(jiān)考人員安排。

* 考生不得擅自操作電腦設(shè)備。

* 考生應(yīng)按照系統(tǒng)提示逐項(xiàng)完成任務(wù)。每項(xiàng)任務(wù)都有規(guī)定的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間和答錄時(shí)間。若考生在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)提前完成任務(wù)，須安靜地等待系統(tǒng)提出下面一項(xiàng)任務(wù)的提示，不得擅離座位。

* 考試實(shí)錄過程中，考生要適當(dāng)控制聲音的高低，保證錄音清晰可辨，否則將會(huì)影響考試成績。

* 如果沒有特殊原因，考試一旦開始將不得中途停頓?？忌魺o故中途退場，將作自動(dòng)放棄考試處理；該考生已經(jīng)完成的部分也將視作無效。

* 考試結(jié)束后，考生必須根據(jù)監(jiān)考人員要求立即離開考區(qū)。

2.3 考生培訓(xùn)

考生在報(bào)名時(shí)，可以自愿購買《高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試(口試)大綱和樣題》和《高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試口試指南》，了解考試內(nèi)容及其形式。在考生報(bào)名結(jié)束后，各考生所在考場及候考室等考試安排并根據(jù)需要對(duì)考生進(jìn)行必要的考務(wù)培訓(xùn)。

高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試委員會(huì) 編

2004年3月

更多資料詳見前程在線考試網(wǎng)http://004km.cn/Default.aspx

第二篇：高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力口語考試具體總結(jié)

第一部分是朗讀短文 一，開場白 舉例：

The opening speech of the Master of Ceremony of an English Evening Party.Ladies and gentlemen, boys and girls，we are very happy to gather here to hold an English evening party.First of all, let me introduce our distinguished guests tonight: Mr Smith, our language expert from Canada.Mr Li, our headmaster and Mr.Chen, the secretary of the CPC committee of our school.And I would also like to take this opportunity to wish Mr Smith to enjoy his stay in our school and all present to achieve a wonderful time tonight.Now let's invite Mr Li to say a few words to us.Mr.Li's speech...Thank you, Mr Li.Now it's time for us to have performance.For this evening party all the classes have made careful preparations.So I'm sure we'll be able to enjoy many excellent performances tonight.The first item is a group dance given by Class 3 Senior 2.Now let's give them warm applause....2012新年晚會(huì)主持人臺(tái)詞

A: Now, ladies and gentlemen, are you ready? Both: let’s begin our grand new year’s party.B: The New Year is around the corner, I would like to extend my new year's greetings to all my guests and wish everyone good health and happiness.A: Yeah!The New Year is a time of new beginnings and new hopes for the future.I hope that every one of you find yourself more prosperous and more content with each passing day this year.B: But now, please enjoy yourselves.Tonight, we will have a fantastic celebration of the good friendship and good spirits that can last not only a year, but a life time.A: Have a wonderful evening everybody.Both: Happy New Year！二，電話轉(zhuǎn)述

A: Mr.Blake? Mr.Foster’s on the phone.He’d like to know if you can send over those training manuals? B: Oh, tell him I’ll leave them at his office tomorrow afternoon.A: He was hoping that you could drop them off this afternoon.B: I’m afraid that I can’t do that.They’re at the printer’s being copied.They’ll be back tomorrow before 1 o’clock.三，口頭通知

呼語及開場白部分：

Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.正文部分：

All the teachers and students are required to attend it.Please take your notebooks and make notes.Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups.Please come on time and don’t be late.結(jié)束語部分：

Please come and join in it.Everybody is welcome to attend it.I hope you’ll have a nice time here.That’s all.Thank you.四，開幕詞

唐家璇：APEC-2001第13屆部長級(jí)會(huì)議開幕辭 Dear Colleagues，Ladies and Gentlemen，I am so glad to have you with us in Shanghai in this golden autumn for a review of all the agenda items of the APEC Ministerial Meeting.Allow me to extend，on behalf of the Chinese Government，our warm welcome to all of you.As you have seen for yourselves，Shanghai is a vigorous and dynamic city and an epitome of the rapid economic and social development in China.It is making momentous progress in its modernization drive thanks to the development efforts.The ancient “Oriental Pearl” is shining more splendidly in the new century.五，閉幕詞

這是一個(gè)閉幕詞。會(huì)議結(jié)束時(shí)，主持人往往對(duì)會(huì)議作個(gè)小結(jié)，最后宣布會(huì)議結(jié)束。（to declare the conference closed）

Ladies and Gentlemen, Our seminar had lasted four days.It has achieved tremendous success.More than 20 professors and scholars spoke at the conference.Many more aired their views freely at group discussions, which proceeded in a friendly and lively atmosphere.We all benefited greatly by attending this conference.Science and technology are a kind of wealth created in common by mankind.They must in turn serve the needs of all the people and work for the interest of world peace.Any nation or country must learn from the strong points of other nations of countries, from their advanced science and technology.Let's join hands and explore the boundless universe in quest of the never-ending truth of science.Ladies and Gentlemen, you have my best wishes for your still greater achievements in your career of science.Now, I declare the conference closed.Thank you 大會(huì)發(fā)言(開幕詞，閉幕詞)開幕詞, 閉幕詞典型句型：(1)宣布----開幕

declare ……open / declare open …… declare the commencement of……(2)預(yù)祝……取得圓滿成功!Wish…… a complete success！(3)宣布……閉幕 declare the closing of…… lower the curtain of…… 例3：

尊敬的主席先生，各位來賓，女士們，先生們，朋友們：在這春意盎然的美好時(shí)節(jié)，第八屆中國東西部合作與投資貿(mào)易洽談會(huì)今天隆重開幕了。

Respected Mr.Chairman, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, all the dear friends, in this beautiful spring season, the Eighth Investment and Trade Forum for Cooperation between East and West China is grandly opened today.在此，我謹(jǐn)代表組委會(huì)和陜西省政府向蒞臨大會(huì)的國內(nèi)外嘉賓、國家有關(guān)部委、各省區(qū)市區(qū)代表團(tuán)，表示熱烈的歡迎和衷心的祝愿。

On behalf of the current forum’s organizing committee and the People’s Government of Shaanxi Province, I’d like to extend our warm welcome and wholehearted wishes to all the honored guests at home and abroad, delegates from participant ministries and commissions, provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.同時(shí)歡迎港澳臺(tái)同胞和各界朋友參加這次重要的全國性經(jīng)貿(mào)盛會(huì)。

I’d also like to extend the warm welcome to compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan as well as friends of various circles present at this important national economic and trade gathering.讓我們共同預(yù)祝第八屆中國東西部合作與投資洽談會(huì)取得圓滿成功!謝謝大家!

Let us wish the Eighth Investment and Trade Forum for Cooperation between East and West China a complete success!Thank you all！

例4：

Your Excellency, ladies and gentlemen, it is an honor to be invited to speak at this closing ceremony of this annual conference on Regional Science and Technology Cooperation.尊敬的閣下，女士們，先生們，很榮幸受到邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@次地區(qū)科技合作年會(huì)的閉幕式上講話。

The presence of his Excellency, the President of the Republic of Mexico, reflects the firm commitment of Mexico towards this conference and the painstaking efforts that your administration has made to ensure its success.墨西哥共和國總統(tǒng)閣下的出席，反映了墨西哥對(duì)本次會(huì)議的堅(jiān)定承諾，以及閣下政府為保證會(huì)議召開所作出的巨大努力。

On behalf of all the delegations attending the conference and my own behalf, we are also most appreciative of the warm and generous hospitality extended to us, including bringing us to your residence this morning.我也要代表參加會(huì)議的各代表團(tuán)以及我本人，感謝你們熱情，慷慨地招待，包括今天早上帶我們到您的府上拜訪。

The significance of this conference cannot be overemphasized.I am sure that we can go away from Mexico City with confidence, determination, and a clear vision of the collective effort and focus of our action into the new millennium.本次會(huì)議意義重大。我相信我們離開墨西哥城的時(shí)候，將滿懷信心和決心，將展望共同努力和一致行動(dòng)的明朗前景，邁上新千年。

例5：

It is an honor to be here to speak on behalf of the Microsoft Research Center and to participate in this conference to discuss the strategic issues facing this wonderful and dynamic city of shanghai.我很榮幸在這里代表微軟研究中心，出席本次會(huì)議來討論上海這座美妙且充滿活力的城市所面臨的戰(zhàn)略問題。

In my address to the conference, I’d like to concentrate on Microsoft’s proposed joint ventures in Shanghai, because these ventures confirm our position as a strongly committed partner to Shanghai.在我向大會(huì)的發(fā)言中，我想重點(diǎn)談一談微軟準(zhǔn)備在上?；I建的合資企業(yè)，因?yàn)檫@些合資企業(yè)可以確認(rèn)我們決意成為上海合作伙伴的立場。

We understand that, as the fastest growing economy in the world today, China is likely to become the world’s second largest economy in the mid-21st century.我們認(rèn)識(shí)到，作為當(dāng)今世界上經(jīng)濟(jì)增長最快的國家。中國很可能在21世紀(jì)中葉成為世界第二號(hào)經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國。

Therefore，the foreign investor must have a strategic plan and the willingness to form a long-term partnership with China.因此，外國投資者必須有戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃，必須有同中國建立長期伙伴關(guān)系的意愿。六，導(dǎo)游詞

以下是一篇介紹南京玄武湖的英文導(dǎo)游詞，供大家學(xué)習(xí)。

Hello everybody!Welcome to Nanjing.My name is Hemeng, you can call me Christine also.It is my honor and privilege to be your tour guide.I will spare no efforts to make you comfortable and happy during this trip.If you have some questions or want some help, please feel free to contact me.On our way to the destination, I’d like to give you a brief introduction of Xuanwu Lake.Xuanwu Lake is in the central-northeast part of Nanjing, it nears Nanjing Railway Station and Ji Ming Temple.It is surrounded by three mountains in three directions: the Zijing mountain to the east, the Jizhao mountain and Fuzhou mountain to the south and the Mufu mountain to the north.The Ming city wall borders the park to its south and east.The lake covers 472 hectares.Xuanwu Lake is one of Nanjing Zhongshan state-level scenic spots and an important part of the national AAAA class tourist attractions.It is the largest comprehensive park in Nanjing with the function of entertainment, leisure and exercise.So beautiful it is, Xuanwu Lake can be compared with Xihu Lake.Now, we arrive at the gate of the park.Please get off the bus one by one, then I will show you around the park.Now, let’s begin our trip.Xuanwu Lake contains five oasises, namely Huan zhou, Ying zhou, Liang zhou, Cui zhou and Ling zhou.Now we are walking along the circle-shaped road which leads us to the first oasis—— Huan zhou.There are lakeside rocks and rockeries in the oasis, which shows the beauty of garden architecture in southern China.Among those rocks, the “Guanyin and Tongzi”.are the most famous.They are heritages of the zhongshan amir, Xuda ,during the Ming Dynasty.Besides,There are Lama Temple and Nuona pagoda in this part.Please follow me!Let’s walk across this bridge, and here it is.We are now at Ying zhou.It is an oasis in an oasis and it gained its name for its beatuful cherry flowers growing all around.Every spring flowers bloom, which attracts millions of tourists.Let’s move to next scenic spot, Liang zhou.During the Liang Dynasty, prince Liangzhaoming built a terrace for reading in this oasis, which gave it its name.It was said that prince Liang gathered thirty thousand books and called for many scholars and talents to write essays.At last, they worked out the first analects of poems and essays which exerted a great impact on the study and development of literature.Unfortunately, prince Liang died of uncured disease early.People named the oasis Liang zhou to honor this hard-working prince.I want to mention that Liang zhou is the most beautiful oasis among the rest four oasises.You can find Lake Temple, Lansheng Tower, Lotus pavilion, Taoran pavilion and other historical sites here.You will appreciate the charms of natural landscape, especially the lotus pond.Cui zhou is to the east of Liang zhou.It is characterized by its green pines, cypresses, bamboo and willow.Besides, Music terrace and outdoor theater can be found here.What we are seeing now is the central oasis——Ling zhou.It borders Zhongshan mountain in the east, which gives it inviting views.There is a bird park in the oasis and it is the largest bird park in China.More than ten thousand rare birds are protected in this park.You can not only see a large number of beautiful and exotic birds but also watch bird performances in the park.You can even feed some birds in person.Now, it’s your time!You can walk around the Xuanwu Lake freely and enjoy the scenery as you like.I hope you enjoy your time here!Two hours later, we’ll meet at the gate of the park.By the way, please put an eye on your luggage and don’t forget the time.Thank you!七．解說詞

The great geographical discovery around 1500 years A.D.declaimed the historic beginning of communication and rivalry between different countries, and from then on global coordinate was got for the path of dominant countries' rises.Over the past five hundred years, on the grand platform of mankind's modernization advance, nine cosmopolitan dominant countries arose in a row, they were Portuguese, Spain, Holland, Britain, France, Germany, Japan, Russia and the US.Stories on the rise and fall of a power have left relatively unique developing routes and experiences behind, which is inspiring today,influencing the future.The majority of the historians agree that years around 1500 years A.D.is an important division in man's history.Man's history equals to universal history basically and really since that age.For the earlier ages,man have been living on few continents separated and independent from each other, nor did any continent's resident can exactly tell whether the earth is actually square-like or round-like,but almost every one on his own territory considered himself being settled in the center of the world.公元1500年前后的地理大發(fā)現(xiàn)，拉開了不同國家相互對(duì)話和相互競爭的歷史大幕，由此，大國崛起的道路有了全球坐標(biāo)。

五百年來，在人類現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的大舞臺(tái)上，相繼出現(xiàn)了九個(gè)世界性大國，它們是葡萄牙、西班牙、荷蘭、英國、法國、德國、日本、俄羅斯和美國。

大國興衰更替的故事，留下了各具特色的發(fā)展道路和經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，啟迪著今天，也影響著未來……

絕大多數(shù)歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為：公元1500年前后是人類歷史的一個(gè)重要分水嶺，從那個(gè)時(shí)候開始，人類的歷史才稱得上是真正意義上的世界史。在此之前，人類生活在相互隔絕而又各自獨(dú)立的幾塊陸地上，沒有哪一塊大陸上的人能確切地知道，地球究竟是方的還是圓的，而幾乎每一塊陸地上的人都認(rèn)為自己生活在世界的中心。八．空姐/機(jī)長發(fā)言

Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen.Our plane is about to depart from Beijing Airport for New York City.If you look at the card in your seat pocket, you will see where the emergency exits are located.In case of an emergency, an oxygen mask will come down from an overhead compartment.For overwater emergencies your life vest is under your seat.There is no smoking at any time on this flight.For takeoff, please put your seat in an upright position, lock your tray table, and turn off all electrical devices, including computers and cell phones, and be sure your seat belt is fastened.After takeoff, our crew will be serving beverages.Thank you----------空姐常用英語短句------------Before Take-Off 起飛前

1.Morning，madam（Sir）.Welcome board!早上好，女士（先生）。歡迎登機(jī)！

2.May I introduce myself，I’’m ___，the chief purser of this flight.請(qǐng)?jiān)试S自我介紹。我叫___，本次航班的乘主任務(wù)長。

3.Morning，sir.Welcome aboard.Business class or economy? 早上好，先生。歡迎登機(jī)。坐公務(wù)還是經(jīng)濟(jì)艙？

4.Follow me，please.Your seat is in the middle of the cabin.請(qǐng)跟我來，您的座位在客艙中部。

5.An aisle seat on the left side------Here you are，sir.是左邊靠走廊座位------這是您的座位。

6.I’m afraid you are in the wrong seat.20C is just two rows behind on the other aisle.恐怕您坐錯(cuò)位子了，20C正好在那邊走廊的后二排。

7.Excuse me for a second，I’ll check.請(qǐng)稍等一下，我查查看。

8.The plane is about to take off.Please don’’t walk about in the cabin.飛機(jī)馬上要起飛了，請(qǐng)不要在客艙內(nèi)走動(dòng)。9.You know the weather in Hongkong is not so good.It has been delayed.你知道香港的天氣不太好，飛機(jī)延誤了。

10.Air China Flight CA937 leaves at 0730 in the morning.中國國際航空公司CA937航班，上午7：30起飛。

11.Flight No.926，leaving Tokyo at 1740，flies nonstop back to Beijing.CA926航班17：40離開東京直飛回北京。

12.You’re flying economy class.Is that right? 您是坐經(jīng)濟(jì)艙，對(duì)嗎？

Emergency Situation 緊急情況

1.Fasten your seat belts immediately.The plane will make an emergency landing because of the sudden breakdown of an engine.馬上系好安全帶。由于飛機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)出現(xiàn)故障，將做緊急迫降。

2.Don’’t panic!不要驚慌。

3.Our captain has confidence to land safely.All the crew members of this flight are well trained for this kind of situation.So please obey instructions from us.我們的機(jī)長完全有信心安全著陸。我們所有的機(jī)組人員在這方面都受過良好的訓(xùn)練，請(qǐng)聽從我們的指揮。

4.Take out the life vest under your seat and put it on!從座椅下拿出救生衣，穿上它！

5.Don’’t inflate the life vest in the cabin and as soon as you leave the aircraft，inflate it by pulling down the red tab.請(qǐng)不要在客艙內(nèi)將救生衣充氣！一離開飛機(jī)立即拉下小紅頭充氣。

6.Put the mask over your face!戴上氧氣面罩！

7.Bend your head between your knees!把你的頭彎下來放在兩膝之間！

8.Bend down and grab your ankles.彎下身來，抓住腳踝。

9.Get the extinguisher.拿滅火器來！

10.Open seat belts.Leave everything behind and come this way!解開安全帶，別拿行李，朝這邊走！

11.This plane has eight emergency exits.Please locate the exit nearest to you.本架飛機(jī)有八個(gè)安全門，請(qǐng)找到離你最近的那個(gè)門。

12.Jump and slide down!跳滑下來！提問回答

場景一：去郵局寄包裹單。1,。目的地。2。包裹重量 3.郵寄方式。4，包裹內(nèi)容，5，付費(fèi)方式。場景二：舉辦一個(gè)聚會(huì)。1，什么時(shí)候聚會(huì) 2，在哪里 3，參與者是誰 4，什么類型的聚會(huì) 場景一：

1.Where would you like to send it? 2.What is the weight of the packet? 3.Through which way would you like to send it? 4.what is the content of the packet? 5.How would you like to pay for it? 場景二： when the party begin? 2.where is it? 3.Who will be present then? 4.What is the kind of the party? 疑問句型: 1)一般疑問句 Is he a doctor? Do you the way to the station? 2)反意疑問句

He is a teacher, isn’t he? It is quite cheap, don’t you think? 3)特殊疑問句

What is the distance/width/size/population/temperature/fare? Who is he? What is he?(干什么的）What is he like? How is he? How do you like him? What do you think of him? What ever do you mean by saying this? 4)選擇疑問句

He is a doctor or a nurse? 5)間接疑問句

Do you know how old he is? Tell me if(whether)you like it.What do you think/say/suppose I should do? 英語口語考試復(fù)習(xí)題——回答問題

1．What do you think is the most helpful invention? The computer / car / plane / light bulb….2.What are cars used for? They are used for traveling.3.How do you study for a test? By reading the textbook.4.What is your favorite way to learn more English? To read original novels / talk with foreigners.5.What kind of volunteer work do you think to do? I want to cheer sick children up.6.What job will you have in 15 years? I think I will have a job as a doctor / a teacher.7.What will happen if you often help other students? We will feel really happy and we will become good friends.8.What kind of music do you like? I like music that is quiet and gentle.9.Which is your favorite music band? …China Philharmonic Orchestra is my favorite band.10.Did you use to eat gum all the time? No, I didn’t./ Yes, I did.11.What rules do you have at home? I can’t watch TV before I finish homework.I should go to bed before 10:30 pm.12.Would you like to go somewhere educational on vacation? Yes, I’d love to.13.Where would you like to visit? I’d like to visit Hong Kong / somewhere warm.14.What are the bikes used for? They are used for traveling / exercising.15.What will you do if you don’t have any homework to do? I will play tennis with my friends.16．What is the best present you have ever received for your birthday? A bike / computer.17.Are you good at football? Yes, I am./ No, I’m not.18.What sport do you like to play? Why? I like to play basketball because I like team games / to play with friends / I’m good at playing it.19．What should you do if a friend says something you don’t like? I would have a talk with him.20.What kind of friend do you like best? I like a friend who can listen to me all the time.21．What kind of singer do you like? I like a singer who writes his own songs / sings songs clearly.22.Do you make your bed by yourself? Why or why not? Yes, I do.I’m old enough to make my bed by myself./ No, I don’t.I don’t have enough time to make bed in the early morning.23.When did you start to learn English? Eight years ago / When I was seven years old.24.How do you study English? By Listening to tapes and working with friends.25.Who do you like best? I like my English teacher / my mother / Wei Fang best.26.Who’s your idol? Why? Liu Xiang is, because he has won lots of world medals these years.27.How was your last weekend? It was wonderful / relaxing.28.What did you do last weekend? I went to visit some of my friends.29.What are you going to be? I’m going to be a pilot.30.Who do you like most in your class? Why? I like … because she always helps me when I am in trouble.31.What animal do you like best? I like pandas / monkeys / penguins / kangaroos / bears best.32.How can you take care of a pet? I can feed him, take a walk with him, play with him and clean his house every day.33.When you grow up, are you going to be a scientist, a musician or an artist? An artist.34.If you want to be a scientist, what are you going to do now? I’m going to study science harder.35.Do you usually play sports at the weekend? How often do you play sports? Yes, I do.Three times a week.36.Do you like doing chores at home? Yes, I do./ No I don’t.37.Do you like eating banana smoothie? Yes, I do./ No I don’t.38.How do you make fruit salad? First cut up two bananas, two apples and an orange.Next put the fruit in a bowl.Then put in two teaspoons of honey and a cup of yogurt.Finally mix it all up.39.I have a sore throat.What should I do? You should drink some hot tea with honey.40.What should students eat for breakfast? They should have a cup of milk, two eggs and some bread.41.Are you funny or serious? I’m serious.42.Who’s more outgoing, you or your friend? Who’s funnier? My friend is more outgoing and he is funnier than me.43.Do all students walk to school? No, of course not./ No, they don’t.44.How do you get to school? I get to school by bus / car / bike / on foot.45.How often do you eat in school? I eat in school five times a week./ almost every day.46.What will you do if you have a lot of money? I’ll give some to charities to help homeless children.47.What is TV used for? It is used for entertainment or knowing more about the world.48.Where would you like to visit? Why? I’d like to visit Hong Kong because I like to go somewhere warm.49.Where would you like to go on summer holidays? I’d like to go to Canada.50.Would you like to go somewhere educational on vacation? Yes, I’d love to.51.What CD did you listen to recently? I listened to Yu.Quan’s CDs.52.What did you use to be afraid of? I used to be afraid of snakes.53.What are you going to do this winter vacation? I’m going to travel in the south of China.54.What did you use to be like? I used to be quiet / shy / outgoing / wild / really mad.55.What are you doing for your next vacation? I’m taking dancing lessons / traveling abroad.56.What kind of writers do you like? I like writes who write funny / interesting stories.英語數(shù)字表達(dá)方式大全

0 nought;zero;1 one two three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten

eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen

eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two 23 twenty-three 30 thirty

thirty-two 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred

one hundred and one

156 one hundred and fifty-six

192 one hundred and ninty-two

200 two hundred

300 three hundred

400 four hundred 500 five hundred

600 six hundred

700 seven hundred 800 eight hundred

900 nine hundred

1,000 one thousand 1,001 one thousand and one 1,300 thirteen hundred;one thousand and three hundred 2,000 two thousand

2,034 two thousand and thirty-four 6,502 six thousand five hundred and two

38,000 thirty-eight thousand 45,672 forty-five thousand six hundred and seventy-two 500,000 five hundred thousand 1,000,000 one million 3,123,400 three million,one hundred and twenty-three thousand and four hundred 8,000,000 eight million

47,000,000 forty-seven million 900,000,000 nine hundred million 1,000,000,000 a milliard,one milliard(美作:a billion,one billion)1,050,000,000 one billion and fifty million 10,000,000,000 ten billion

200,000,000,000 two hundred billion 1,000,000,000,000 a billion,one billion(美作:a trillion,one trillion)6,000,000,000,000 six million million 序數(shù)詞

first第一

second第二

third第三

fourth第四

fifth第五

sixth第六

seventh第七

eighth第八

ninth第九

tenth第十

eleventh第十一

twelfth第十二

thirteenth第十三

fourteenth第十四

fifteenth第十五

sixteenth第十六

seventeenth第十七

eighteenth第十八

nineteenth第十九

twentieth第二十

twenty-first第二十一

twenty-second第二十二

twenty-third第二十三

thirtieth第三十 thirty-first第三十一

fortieth

第四十

fiftieth

第五十

sixtieth第六十

seventieth第七十

eightieth第八十

ninetieth第九十(one)hundredth第一百

(one)hundred and first第一百零一

hundred and thirty-fourth第一百三十四

two-hundredth

第二百 three-hundredth

第三百

four-hundredth

第四百 five-hundredth

第五百

six-hundredth

第六百 seven-hundredth

第七百

eight-hundredth

第八百 nine-hundredth

第九百

(one)thousandth

第一千 thousand and first

第一千零一

two thousand and thirty-fourth

第二千零三十四 ten thousandth

第一萬

(one)millionth

第一百萬(美作:billionth)billionth

第十億(美作:trillionth)分?jǐn)?shù)

1/2 : one-half;a half 1/3 : one-third 3/4 : three-fourths 1/5 : one-fifth 2/5 : two-fifths 7/8 : seven-eighths 1/10 : one-tenth;a tenth 1/100 : one-hundredth;one per cent 1/1000 : one-thousandth 1/10000 : one ten-thousandth 2‘ 1/2:two and one half;two and a half 4’ 2/3:four and two-thirds

100% : one hundred per cent 0.5% : point five per cent 0.46% : point four six per cent

2.05 : two point nought five;two point O five 6.003 : six point nought nought three;six point O O three 78.12 : seventy-eight point one two

: one one nine 120 : one two oh 688 : six double-eight 5337 : five double-three seven 6512 : six five one two 97868 : nine seven eight six eight 893493 : eight nine three four nine three 737964 : seven three seven nine six four 62374881 : six two three seven four double-eight one

1840 eighteen forty 1900 nineteen hundred 1992 nineteen ninety-two 數(shù)字表達(dá)類基本要求

一、數(shù)字表達(dá)類（Numbers）

數(shù)字、時(shí)間等信息正是中國考生最不容易聽清楚的。下面我們將數(shù)字、時(shí)間等英語語言信息的日常表達(dá)方法介紹給大家：

1.英語中純數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法

小數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù)：

0.17 zero point one seven / point seventeen / zero point seventeen

1/2 one half

1/3 one /a third

3/4 three fourths

7'2/ 5seven and two fifths

大于100的數(shù)字：

one hundred（and）one

200 two hundred

998 nine hundred（and）ninety'eight

在英語中上面括弧中的and一般不能省略；而在美國英語中卻往往省去。請(qǐng)分析下面的對(duì)話：

A：How many people are present in the party last night？

B： That‘s nine hundred and ninety-eight，exactly.A： Woo，you must be joking.How can you get such an accurate number？

B： Ha，ha…… surely I am joking.You silly goose.大于1000的數(shù)字：

1001 a/one thousand（and）one

2232 two thousand two hundred（and）thirty'two

900，732，266，043

nine hundred billion seven hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three

英語中一千以上數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法是以三位數(shù)為單元，從高到低billion，million，thousand而依次讀出的。因此我們在聽時(shí)，可以三位數(shù)三位數(shù)地記錄。試比較下面的對(duì)話：

A：Can you tell me exactly the numbers of the whole people in our country？

B：One billion four hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three.A：Thank you very much.2.英語中時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法

英語中時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法主要有直接法和借用介詞法等。

（1）直接法。

上午八點(diǎn)eight AM（a.m.）［ei em］

下午九點(diǎn)nine PM（p.m.）［pi：em］

六點(diǎn)六分six six

六點(diǎn)三十二six thirty two

八點(diǎn)正eight o'clock

（2）借用介詞法。

八點(diǎn)四十五a quarter to nine

七點(diǎn)零五分five past seven

七點(diǎn)五十四six to eight

六點(diǎn)半half past six

（3）表示正點(diǎn)的用法。

十一點(diǎn)正at 11 o'clock sharp at 11 o'clock on the hour

at 11 o'clock on the strike

正午12點(diǎn)at noon

午夜12點(diǎn)at midnight

（注：12點(diǎn)22分可讀作：twelve twenty-two： twenty-two past twelve（英式說法）；twenty-two after twelve（美式說法）

1點(diǎn)15可讀作：one fifteen； a quarter past one（英式說法）：a quarter after one（美英說法）

8點(diǎn)50分可讀作：eight fifty； ten to nine（英式說法）；ten before nine（美式說法）

1點(diǎn)40分可讀作：one forty； twenty to two（英式說法）；twenty before two（美式說法）

“提前半小時(shí)”可用：half an hour early； thirty minutes early； early by half an hour； half an hour ahead of time； half an hour ahead of schedule等來表示。）

時(shí)間表示法和時(shí)段的簡單運(yùn)算是聽力考試的熱點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)看下面的對(duì)話：

W： How long does the class usually last？

M： Umm，let me think.It starts from a quarter to nine，and ends at nine thirty.So……

W： That is forty'five minutes.Thank you very much！

Q： When does the class usually start？

3.英語中貨幣的表達(dá)方法

英國貨幣：penny（便士）/pence（penny的復(fù)數(shù)），pound（￡）

￡20.50：twenty pounds fifty pence，也可以簡單地寫作：twenty fifty

美國貨幣：

1美元鈔票a S｜1.0 bill dollar=100 cents

（S｜1.00=one dollar）

（S｜2.00=two dollars）

25美分1 quarter

10美分1 dime

5美元1 nickel

1美分1 penny

S｜15.95：fifteen dollars ninety-five cents，或fifteen ninety-five.（注：表示正常價(jià)格： regular price，normal price.表示價(jià)格劃算：a good buy，a better buy，an excellent price，a good price/ bargain.表示價(jià)格較貴：dear，expensive，more expensive，steep.表示價(jià)格便宜：cheap，inexpensive，bargain price，less expensive.表示減價(jià)出售：sale price，on sale，garage sale，Christmas sale，special price.詞組：discount，half，double，cut off，knock off，twice as much as，cross off，etc.）

4.英語中關(guān)于數(shù)字及其計(jì)算的聽力考點(diǎn)

（1）數(shù)字辨別：

有關(guān)數(shù)字辨別的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵考點(diǎn)就是類似30/13，40/14，50/15，60/16的聽音，看大家能否聽出其發(fā)音區(qū)別。聽力理解中難以分辨的基數(shù)詞主要有以下幾對(duì)：

thirteen與thirty； fourteen與forty； fifteen與fifty； sixteen與sixty； seventeen與seventy；eighteen與eighty； nineteen與ninety，在英文中這幾對(duì)數(shù)詞叫做teens and tens（十幾與幾十）。

不管加減還是乘除，這類題中至少會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)數(shù)字，你的任務(wù)就是迅速地判斷這兩者的關(guān)系，然后根據(jù)聽音再確定正確選項(xiàng)。

（2）加減法計(jì)算：

在需要簡單的加減法計(jì)算的題型中，對(duì)話中至少出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)數(shù)字，它們之間的關(guān)系往往用“多少”、“遲早”、“快慢”、“前后”的形容詞、副詞或介詞短語等來表達(dá)。還要注意一些能夠表示數(shù)的存在或引起數(shù)的變化的動(dòng)詞，這些動(dòng)詞也能確定數(shù)字之間的加減關(guān)系，例如：

be，have，start，begin，spend，miss，leave，postpone，prolong，increase，add，borrow，lend，loan，delay，save，go up，go down，rate，at x% off the price等。

大家還應(yīng)該記住下面這些表示加減關(guān)系的詞：

more（多），less（少），late（晚），early（早），fast（快），slow（慢），before（前），after（后），add/addition（加上），plus（加上），subtract/ subtraction（減去），minus（減去）

Dialogue 1：

M： This black bag is 2.00 and that blue one is a dollar more.W： The red one is twice as much as the blue one.Q： How much are two red bags？

A.S｜4.00B.S｜6.00

C.S｜8.00D.S｜12.00

這道題從選擇項(xiàng)上來看非常簡單，因?yàn)閿?shù)字不大，所以乍一看選擇項(xiàng)有可能放松警惕，而實(shí)際上，這道貌似簡單的題，中間卻暗含著陷阱。因?yàn)樵闹刑岬絙lack、blue、red三個(gè)顏色的bag，最后提問的是紅色書包的價(jià)格，包含了一個(gè)加法和乘法運(yùn)算。如果大家在聽的時(shí)候沒記好，又沒有好筆記，就很容易出錯(cuò)。因此，在聽力答題中要保持一個(gè)清醒的頭腦，穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打是成功的重要保證。

Dialogue 2：

W： Three hours ago，I saw Bob at a meeting.Is he home yet？

M： No.He said he would be back at four and it's six already.Question： What time did the woman see Bob？

A？？2∶00 B？？3∶00 C？？5∶00 D？？6∶00

在這個(gè)例子中，見到Bob的具體時(shí)間必須依據(jù)現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間推斷出?，F(xiàn)在時(shí)間是6點(diǎn)鐘，而說話人是在三小時(shí)之前見到Bob的，因而那時(shí)的時(shí)間約是3點(diǎn)鐘。正確的選項(xiàng)是B.Dialogue 3：

M：Which coat did you finally decide to buy？

W： Well，I would like to buy the green one，but it was S｜85.00，so I bought the pink one instead，and save S｜35.00.Question： How much did the woman pay for the coat？

A'60 B？？75 C？？90 D？？50

原對(duì)話中并未直接給出說話人所購買的衣服的價(jià)錢，但可以通過其他信息推算出來。灰色衣服是85元，而買棕色的可以節(jié)省35元，即棕色的衣服是50元。應(yīng)選D.Dialogue 4：

W.How many people showed up for the meeting yesterday，thirty？

M：Twenty-five are expected to come，but the number was double that.Question： What's the actual number of people who attended the meeting？

A'20 B'35 C'35 D'50

此題中的運(yùn)算關(guān)系由double一詞體現(xiàn)出來，即雙倍的。原來預(yù)計(jì)有25人到場，實(shí)際上是原先的兩倍，因而正確的選項(xiàng)是D.英語數(shù)字的正確表達(dá)

在漢英筆譯和英語寫作中，經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到數(shù)字；哪些場合用單詞表示，哪些場合用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示，往往使人難以確定，現(xiàn)行語法書中也極少涉及此類問題。

實(shí)際上，以英語為母語的國家，在書寫數(shù)字時(shí)已形成幾條約定俗成的規(guī)則，現(xiàn)總結(jié)如下供讀者參考。

一.英美等國的出版社在排版時(shí)遵循一條原則，即1至10用單詞表示，10以上的數(shù)目用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字（也有的以100為界限），這條原則值得我們行文時(shí)借鑒。

Eg.That table measures ten feet by five.那個(gè)工作臺(tái)長10英尺，寬5英尺。

Eg.The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week.由一個(gè)教授和十名學(xué)生每周會(huì)晤兩三次，每次授課時(shí)間45到50分鐘，是大學(xué)程度課堂教學(xué)的傳統(tǒng)方式。

二.人數(shù)用阿技伯?dāng)?shù)字表示顯得更簡潔明了，但不定數(shù)量、近似值用單詞表示較恰當(dāng)。

Eg.There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls.選舉名單上有203817個(gè)投票人。

Eg.Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.近3萬個(gè)投票人參加了這次選舉。

三.遇到日期、百分比、帶單位的特殊數(shù)字，通常用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。

Eg.Maximum swivel of table is l20.工作臺(tái)的最大回轉(zhuǎn)角度是120度。

Eg.3rd March l991或3 March l991；

a discount of 5 percent（5%的折扣）；

Eg.purchased 7 yards of carpet（買7碼地毯）；

Eg.ordered 2 pounds of minced steak（訂購2磅剁碎的肉）。

如果涉及的數(shù)目和單位是不定數(shù)，可用單詞表示。

Eg.about five miles per hour（每小時(shí)大約5英里）

Eg.at least ten yards away（至少有10碼遠(yuǎn)）

Eg.hesitated for a moment or two（猶豫了片刻）

Eg.I have warned you a hundred times（我已經(jīng)警告你多少遍了）。

四.在科技文章中，數(shù)字頻繁出現(xiàn)，用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字比用單詞陳述更有利。

Eg.The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 litres and a power out-put of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute.這臺(tái)新發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的容積為4.3升，轉(zhuǎn)速為每分鐘4400轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)輸出功率是153千瓦。

Eg.We know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0oC and 76cm，pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound.我們知道，1立方英尺的空氣在0攝氏度和760毫米汞柱壓力下，重量是0.81磅，也就是說12立方英尺空氣的重量是1磅。

五.句首不用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，句末要盡量避免用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。

Eg.4th July is an important date in American history.應(yīng)該寫成The fourth of July...Eg.19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition.19對(duì)選手參加了交際舞比賽。

應(yīng)改寫成：Nineteen couples took...Eg.60％profit was a reported.據(jù)報(bào)道有60％的利潤。

應(yīng)改寫成：Sixty per cent profit…

Eg.1345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar.試驗(yàn)時(shí)在桿的中點(diǎn)加1345公斤力?？筛某蒞hen tested, a force of l345 kg was applied...六.遇到分?jǐn)?shù)，可用帶連字符號(hào)的單詞表示。

Eg.At 1east two-thirds of the classhave had colds.這個(gè)班至少有三分之二的學(xué)生患重感冒。

Eg.Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere.氮約占大氣的五分之四。Some content above and below overlap.But it doesn't matter.Please go over them.數(shù) 詞：主要分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩類。

一、數(shù)詞的分類

1.基數(shù)詞

表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞。其形式如下：

A．從1——10

one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten．

B．從 11——19

eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen．

這里除 eleven，twelve，thirteen，fifteen，eighteen為特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen都是由其個(gè)位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-teen構(gòu)成。

C．從 21——99 整數(shù)幾十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty為特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其個(gè)位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-ty構(gòu)成。表示幾十幾時(shí)，在幾十和個(gè)位基數(shù)詞形式之間添加連字符“-”twenty-one

seventy-six

D．百位數(shù)

個(gè)數(shù)基數(shù)詞形式加“hundred”，表示幾百，在幾十幾與百位間加上and．

a hundred and one

320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight

E．千位數(shù)以上

從數(shù)字的右端向左端數(shù)起，每三位數(shù)加一個(gè)逗號(hào)“，”。從右開始，第一個(gè)“，”前的數(shù)字后添加 thousand，第二個(gè)“，”前面的數(shù)字后添加 million，第三個(gè)“，”前的數(shù)字后添加 billion。然后一節(jié)一節(jié)分別表示，兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間最大的數(shù)為百位數(shù)形式。

2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight

16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four

5,237,166,234 five billion，two hundred and thirty-seven million，one hundred and sixty-six thousand，two hundred and thirty-four

F．基數(shù)詞在表示確切的數(shù)字時(shí)，不能使用百、千、百萬、十億的復(fù)數(shù)形式；但是，當(dāng)基數(shù)詞表示不確切數(shù)字，如成百、成千上萬，三三兩兩時(shí)，基數(shù)詞則以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。

There are hundreds of people in the hall．大廳里有數(shù)以百計(jì)的人。

Thousands and thousands of people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day．每天有成千上萬的人來參觀秦兵馬涌博物館。

They went to the theatre in twos and threes．他們?nèi)齼蓛傻貋淼搅藙≡骸?/p>

G．表示人的不確切歲數(shù)或年代，用幾十的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示。

He became a professor in his thirties．他三十多歲時(shí)成為了教授。

She died of lung cancer in forties．她四十來歲時(shí)死于肺癌。

It was in the 1960s．那是在二十世紀(jì)六十年代。

H．基數(shù)詞的句法功能

基數(shù)詞在句中可作主語、賓語、定語、表語、同位語。

The two happily opened the box．兩個(gè)人高興地打開了盒子。（作主語）

I need three altogether．我總共需要三個(gè)。（作賓語）

Four students are playing volleyball outside．四個(gè)學(xué)生在外面打排球。（作定語）

We are sixteen．我們是16個(gè)人。（作表語）

They three tried to finish the task before sunset．他們?nèi)齻€(gè)人盡力想在日落前完成任務(wù)（作同位語）

2.序數(shù)詞

表示順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞的主要形式：

A．從第一至第十九

其中，one— first，two— second，three— third，five— fifth，eight—eighth，nine—ninth，twelve— twelfth為特殊形式，其它的序數(shù)詞都是由其相對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞后面添加“th”構(gòu)成。例如： six— sixth、nineteen— nineteenth．

B．從第二十至第九十九

整數(shù)第幾十的形式由其對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞改變結(jié)尾字母y為i，再加“eth”構(gòu)成。

twenty——twentieth thirty——thirtieth

表示第幾十幾時(shí)，用幾十的基數(shù)詞形式加上連字符“－”和個(gè)位序數(shù)詞形式一起表示。thirty-first 第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六

seventy-third 第七十三 ninety-ninth 第九十九

C．第一百以上的多位序數(shù)詞

由基數(shù)詞的形式變結(jié)尾部分為序數(shù)詞形式來表示。

one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一

one thousand，three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十

D．序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式

有時(shí)，序數(shù)詞可以用縮寫形式來表示。主要縮寫形式有。

first——lst second——2nd third——3rd

fourth——4th sixth——6th twentieth——20th

twenty-third——23rd 其中l(wèi)st，2nd，3rd為特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字后加上th。

E．序數(shù)詞的句法功能

序數(shù)詞在句中可作主語、賓語、定語和表語。

The second is what I really need．第二個(gè)是我真正需要的。（作主語）

He choose the second．他挑選了第二個(gè)。（作賓語）

We are to carry out the first plan．我們將執(zhí)行第一個(gè)計(jì)劃。（作定語）

She is the second in our class．在我們班她是第二名。（作表語）

注：序數(shù)詞在使用時(shí)，通常前面要加定冠詞 the；但是如果序數(shù)詞前出現(xiàn)不定冠詞a或an時(shí)，則表示“再——”，“又——”。

We'll go over it a second time．我們得再念第二遍。

We've tried it three times．Must we try it a fourth time?

我們已經(jīng)試過三遍了，還必須試一次（第四次）嗎？

另外，基數(shù)詞也可以表示順序。只需將基數(shù)詞放在它所修飾的名詞之后即可，不需要添加定冠詞。

the first lesson——Lesson One

the fifth page——Page 5（five）

the twenty-first room——Room 21（twenty-one）

二、時(shí)刻表示法

1.表示幾點(diǎn)鐘用基數(shù)詞加可以省略的o'clock

5:00 讀作 five o'clock 或 five 2.表示幾點(diǎn)過幾分，在分鐘后加past，再加小時(shí)

five past seven 七點(diǎn)過五分

half past six 六點(diǎn)半

a quarter past eight 八點(diǎn)過一刻

seven past eight 八點(diǎn)過七分

3.表示幾點(diǎn)差幾分，在分鐘后面加to，再加小時(shí)

ten to eight 差十分八點(diǎn)（七點(diǎn)五十分）

a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二點(diǎn)（十一點(diǎn)四十五分）

twenty to six 差二十分六點(diǎn)（五點(diǎn)四十分）

在日常生活中，常用下列簡單方法表示時(shí)間。

以小時(shí)、分種為單位分別讀出數(shù)字。

6:

讀作 six thirty-one

10:26

讀作 ten twenty-six

14:03 讀作 fourteen o three

16:15 讀作 sixteen fifteen

18:30 讀作 eighteen thirty

23:55 讀作 twenty-three fifty-five 注：時(shí)刻表上的時(shí)間大多采用24小時(shí)表示法，這樣就不需要用a.m.表示上午，p.m.表示下午了。

三、年月表示法

1.世紀(jì)可以用定冠詞加序數(shù)詞加世紀(jì)century表示，也可以用定冠詞加百位進(jìn)數(shù)加's表示

the sixth（6th）century 公元六世紀(jì)

the eighteenth（18th）century 公元十八世紀(jì)

the 1900's 二十世紀(jì)

the 1600's 十七世紀(jì)

這里，用百位數(shù)整數(shù)表示的世紀(jì)比這一百位阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字本身多一個(gè)世紀(jì)。

2.年代用定冠詞及基數(shù)詞表示的世紀(jì)加十位整數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成

in the 1930's（in the thirties of the twentieth century或 in the nineteen thirties）

在二十世紀(jì)三十年代

in the 1860's（in the sixties of the 19th century或 in the eighteen sixties）

在十九世紀(jì)六十年代

In the 1870's when Marx was already in his fifties，he found it important to study the situation in Russia，so he began to learn Russian．

在十九世紀(jì)七十年代當(dāng)馬克思已經(jīng)五十多歲時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)研究俄國的形勢很重要，便開始學(xué)習(xí)俄語。

3.表示某年代的早期、中期和晚期，可以在定冠詞后，年代前添加 early，mid-，late

in the early 1920's 在二十世紀(jì)二十年代早期

in the mid-1950's 在二十世紀(jì)五十年代中期

4.年月日表示法

A．年份用基數(shù)詞表示，一般寫為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，讀時(shí)可以以hundred為單位，也可以以世紀(jì)、年代為單位分別來讀。

1949 讀作 nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine

1800 讀作 eighteen hundred

253 讀作 two hundred and fifty-three或two fifty-three

1902 讀作 nineteen hundred and two或 nineteen o two

表示在哪一年，一般在年數(shù)前加介詞in，使用year時(shí)，year放在數(shù)詞之前。

in the year two fifty-three B.C.在公元前253年

但是，通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。

B.月份，在哪個(gè)月用介詞in加第一個(gè)字母大寫的月份詞表示。例如：in May在五月； in July在七月。為了簡便起見，月份與日期連用時(shí)，月份常用縮寫形式表示。縮寫形式除May，June，July外，其它的月份都由其前三個(gè)字母表示，但September除外。

January——Jan．一月 February——Feb．二月

March——Mar.三月 April——Apr．四月

August——Aug．八月

September——Sept．九月

October——Oct．十月

November——Nov．十一月

December——Dec．十二月

注：這里縮寫形式后面加點(diǎn)不能省略，因?yàn)樗潜硎究s寫形式的符號(hào)。

C．日期用定冠詞the加序數(shù)詞表示。在哪一天要添加介詞on。

National Day is on Oct.1.國慶節(jié)是十月一日。（讀作 October first）

此句也可以表示為 National Day is on the 1st of October．

May 5 五月五日（讀作May fifth）

也可以表示為the fifth（5th）of May

Mar.1（st）三月一日（讀作March first或 the first of March）

5.表示不具體、不確切的時(shí)間，如世紀(jì)、年代、年份、月份時(shí)，用介詞in表示，表示具體確切的某一天用介詞on表示通常情況下morning，afternoon，evening等詞前用介詞in。但是，當(dāng)這些詞前后有一修飾限定的詞作為定語，把它們限定為某一天早晨、下午或晚上時(shí)，介詞in應(yīng)改為on。這里的修飾限定詞可以是介詞短語、名詞、形容詞、定語從句等。

On a cold morning，the old man died lonely in his house．在一個(gè)寒冷的早晨，這個(gè)老人孤獨(dú)地死在自己的房子里。

I don't want to be disturbed on nights when I have to study．我不愿意在我必須學(xué)習(xí)的晚上被打擾。

The accident happened on the afternoon of July 7．這次事故發(fā)生在7月7日下午。

We are to have a small test on Monday morning．星期一早晨我們將進(jìn)行一次小測驗(yàn)。

四、加減乘除表示法

1.“加”用plus，and或add表示；“等于”用is，make，equal等詞表示。

2+3=? 可表示為： How much is two plus three?

2+3=5

Two plus three is five．

Two and three is equal to five．

Two and three make five．

Two added to three equals five．

If we add two to/and three, we get five．

二加三等于五

2.“減”用 minus或 take from表示

10－6＝? How much is ten minus six?

10-6=

4Ten minus six is four．

Take six from ten and the remainder is four.Six(taken)from ten is four．

十減去六等于四

3.“乘”用time（動(dòng)詞）或multiply表示

3X4＝? How much is three times four?

3X4=12 Three times four is/are twelve．

Multiply three by four，we get twelve．

Three multiplied by four makes twelve．

三乘以四等于十二

4.“除”用divide的過去分詞形式表示

16÷4=? How much is sixteen divided by four?

16÷4＝4 Sixteen divided by four is four．

Sixteen divided by four equals/gives/makes four．

十六除以四等于四。

五、分?jǐn)?shù)表示法

1.分?jǐn)?shù)是由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞一起來表示的?；鶖?shù)詞作分子，序數(shù)詞作分母，除了分子是“1”以外，其它情況下序數(shù)詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

3/4 three fourths或 three quarters

1/3 one third或a third

24/25 twenty-four twenty-fifths 1/4 three and one fourth或 three and one quarter

1/2 a half

1/4 one quarter或a quarter 1/2 one and a half 1/4 one and a quarter 2.當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)后面接名詞時(shí)，如果分?jǐn)?shù)表示的值大于1，名詞用復(fù)數(shù)；小于1，名詞用單數(shù)。

1/2 hours 一個(gè)半小時(shí)（讀作 one and a half hours）3/4 meters 二又四分之三米（讀作two and three-fourths meters）

4/5 meter 五分之四米

5/6 inch 六分之五英寸

3.表示“n次方”的說法：指數(shù)用序數(shù)詞，底數(shù)用基數(shù)詞。

10的7次方 the seventh power of ten（ten to the seventh power）

6的10次方 the tenth power of six（six to the tenth power）六、小數(shù)表示法

1.小數(shù)用基數(shù)詞來表示，以小數(shù)點(diǎn)為界，小數(shù)點(diǎn)左首的數(shù)字為一個(gè)單位，表示整數(shù)，數(shù)字合起來讀；小數(shù)點(diǎn)右首的數(shù)字為一個(gè)單位，表示小數(shù)，數(shù)字分開來讀；小數(shù)點(diǎn)讀作 point，o讀作 zero或o［ou］，整數(shù)部分為零時(shí)，可以省略不讀。

0.4 zero point four或point four 零點(diǎn)四

10.23 ten point two three 十點(diǎn)二三

25.67 twenty-five point six seven 二十五點(diǎn)六七

l.03 one point o three 一點(diǎn)零三

2.當(dāng)數(shù)字值大于1時(shí)，小數(shù)后面的名詞用復(fù)數(shù)，數(shù)字值小于1時(shí)，小數(shù)后面的名詞用單數(shù)。

1.03 meters 一點(diǎn)零三米 0.49 ton 零點(diǎn)四九噸

l.5 tons 一點(diǎn)五噸

七、百分?jǐn)?shù)表示法

百分?jǐn)?shù)用基數(shù)＋percent表示

50％ fifty percent

百分之五十

3％ three percent

百分之三

0.12％ zero point one two percent 百分之零點(diǎn)一二

這里的percent前半部per表示“每一”，cent這一后半部分表示“百”，所以百分之幾中percent不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

八、數(shù)量表示法

1.表示長、寬、高、面積等，用基數(shù)詞+單位詞（meter，foot，inch，kilogram等）+ 形容詞（long，wide，high等）表示，或者用基數(shù)詞+單位詞 + in + 名詞（length，width，height，weight等）表示。

two meters long或 two meters in length 2米長

three feet high或 three feet in height 3英尺高

four inches wide或 four inches in width 4英寸寬

This box is 2 kilograms in weight．這個(gè)盒子有兩千克重。

The city wall of Xi'an is 12 meters wide and 12 meters high．西安城墻是12米寬，12米高。

2.表示時(shí)間、距離時(shí)，使用含數(shù)詞的名詞所有格形式作定語。

five minutes' walk步行五分鐘（的距離）

It's an hour's ride from my hometown to our university．從我的家鄉(xiāng)到我們大學(xué)是乘車一小時(shí)的路程?；颍簭奈业募亦l(xiāng)到我們大學(xué)需要乘車一小時(shí)。

It's three kilometers' distance from our campus to the Bell Tower.從我們校園到鐘樓有三公里遠(yuǎn)。

3.表示溫度時(shí)，用below zero表示零下溫度，溫度用基數(shù)詞+degree（s）+單位詞（centigrade攝氏或Fahrenheit華氏）表示。

thirty-six degrees centigrade或 36℃ 攝氏 36度

four degrees below zero centigrade或-4℃ 攝氏零下4度

Water freezes at thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit．水在華氏三十二度時(shí)結(jié)冰。

Water boils at one hundred degrees centigrade．水在攝氏一百度時(shí)沸騰。

這里的單位詞在人們都很清楚是什么度量制度時(shí)，可以省略。

You are 37℃．（讀作 thirty-seven degrees）你是三十七度。（攝氏）

It's seven degrees below zero．今天是零下七度。（攝氏）

4.由數(shù)詞和其他名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性短語作定語時(shí)，其中的名詞用單數(shù)形式，名詞性短語中各部分間要用連字符“-”來連接。

It's a five-minute walk from the library to the playground．從圖書館到操場需要走五分鐘。

She's a sixteen-year-old girl．她是個(gè)十六歲的女孩。

5.表示“比···大（或）幾倍”的說法。

This room is two times bigger than that one．這個(gè)房間比那個(gè)（房間）大兩倍。

The dictionary is four times thicker than that book．這本詞典比那本書厚四倍。

My age is two times older than his．我的年齡比他大兩倍。日期的表示法

一、日期的表示法

日期的寫法(書面語)和讀法(口語)稍有不同,如“十月一日”可以寫成 October 1, October 1st, 1 October, 1st October,(the)1st of October 等,表示月份的詞也可用縮略式,如 Oct.1, 1 Oct.,但是在口語中通常只有兩種讀法 October(the)first或the first of October。

【注】日期與星期排列時(shí),通常是星期在前,日期在后。如:He arrived on Friday, May 10.他于5月10日(星期五)到達(dá)。

二、年份的表示法

通常以“百”為單位來讀。如1986年通常讀作 nineteen(hundred and)eighty-six,除非在正式場合,其中的hundred and通常省略,但在通常情況下不能按普通基數(shù)詞的讀法那樣讀成 one thousand nine hundred and eighty-six。不過,像1500這樣的年份可以有兩種讀法 one thousand five hundred和fifteen hundred,而2000年通常讀作 two thousand,2003年讀作 two thousand and three。

若表示某個(gè)年代,則按類似以下的讀法。如:1980s 讀作nineteen-eighties(20世紀(jì)80年代),1600s 讀作sixteen hundreds(17世紀(jì)頭10年,即1600—1610)。英語時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法

一、整點(diǎn)的表達(dá)：

o’clock 前用數(shù)字或文字均可。文字更正式，數(shù)字更鮮明，如： 6點(diǎn)------6 o’clock------six o’clock 8點(diǎn)------8 o’clock------eight o’clock

二、非整點(diǎn)表達(dá)的兩種方法： 時(shí) + 分 6：30 = six thirty 7：45 = seven forty-five 8：01 = eight 0 one（0 讀字母o 音）注意：

用“時(shí) + 分”的方式表示時(shí)間，后面決不可有o’clock。

分 + past + 時(shí) ：表示“幾點(diǎn)幾分”，不超過半小時(shí)（包括半小時(shí)half）分 + to + 時(shí) ：表示超過半小時(shí)的 “幾點(diǎn)差幾分” 一刻（四十五分）用quarter 如：一點(diǎn)一刻：

a quarter past one

one fifteen 兩點(diǎn)半：

half past two

two thirty 三點(diǎn)四十五分：a quarter to four

three forty-five 七點(diǎn)二十：

twenty past seven

seven twenty 九點(diǎn)四十：

twenty to ten

nine forty a.m.= in the morning

如：上午九點(diǎn)： 9 a.m.9：00 a.m.nine a.m.p.m.= in the afternoon 1月 January

2月 February

3月 March

4月 April

5月 May

6月 June

7月 July

8月 August

9月 September 10月 October

11月 November

12月 December 周一：Monday；

周二：Tuesday；

周三：Wednesday；

周四：Thursday；

周五：Friday；

周六：Saturday；

周日：Sunday

四，口頭作文 對(duì)于線性圖表的描述 上升

1.對(duì)于上升趨勢的描述： a.可以使用的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組： to increase to go up to rise to grow to jump to leap to soar to shoot to pick up b.可以使用的名詞： an increase a growth a jump a soar an upward trend 2.對(duì)于上升到某個(gè)位置的描述： a.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋to＋具體數(shù)據(jù)。

b.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋to＋the peak of＋具體數(shù)據(jù)。c.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋reaching the peak of +具體數(shù)據(jù)。d.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋reaching + 具體數(shù)據(jù)。e.to peak at ＋ 具體數(shù)據(jù) f.to climb to + 具體數(shù)據(jù) 3.對(duì)于上升的程度的描述： a.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋by ＋ 具體數(shù)據(jù)。b.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋副詞。下降

1.對(duì)于下降趨勢的描述： a.可以使用的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組： to fall to decrease to go down to slide to collapse to decline to drop b.可以使用的名詞： a collapse a decrease a fall a decline a drop 2.對(duì)于下降到某個(gè)位置的描述： a.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋to＋具體數(shù)據(jù)。

b.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋to＋the bottom of＋具體數(shù)據(jù)。c.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋reaching the bottom of +具體數(shù)據(jù)。d.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋reaching + 具體數(shù)據(jù)。3.對(duì)于下降程度的描述：

a.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋by ＋ 具體數(shù)據(jù)。b.1.a.中的動(dòng)詞＋副詞。對(duì)于平穩(wěn)的趨勢的描述： 可以使用的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組： to hardly change to have little change to keep steady to level off to remain constant to stay the same 表示程度的副詞： 1.程度較大： considerably dramatically greatly markedly obviously quickly rapidly sharply significantly suddenly 2.程度較?。?slightly gradually slowly steadily 時(shí)間的嵌入

嵌入時(shí)間時(shí)所使用的介詞和介詞詞組： in from……to…… between…….and…… during……and…… at the start of …… by the end of …… over …… at the end of …… throughout ……、時(shí)間’s + 具體數(shù)據(jù)

上升和下降趨勢的組合描述（嵌入了時(shí)間和程度之后）： 1.先上升后下降的句型：

......increased slowly during…… and …… but fell sharply in …….A steady fall in …… during …… and …… followed the sharp increase in …….2.先下降后上升的句型：

…… fell before …… began to make a recovery …… …… continue the recovery, climbing to …… …… dropped during …… but increased again in …… …… fell and then pick up during ……

…… collapsed before rising to ……at the end of …… 3.起伏波動(dòng)的句型：

…… fluctuated sharply all through …… 4.波動(dòng)不大的句型：

…… hardly changed through the period between ……and …… 柱狀圖形的描述 轉(zhuǎn)換為線形圖形的描述 餅狀圖形的描述

對(duì)于百分比進(jìn)行描述所使用的句型： …… % the …… is/has/have/are …… …… accounts for ……% of the total …… takes up ……% in the whole chart 趨勢的比較

1.表示相似的句型(實(shí)例)：

Both share prices rose sharply in January.Neither company has made a profit yet.Like X, Y fell in June.X rose just as sharply as Y.2.表示差異的句型（實(shí)例）：

X fell sharply whereas/while Y remained steady.X fell quickly compared to Y.Unlike Y, X rose by 10%.X rose far more dramatically than Y.3.表示倍數(shù)的句型：

the …… doubled/tripled in …… compared with those in …… 4.客觀比較的句型： …… is …… in contrast to …… 數(shù)據(jù)的修飾

1.表示不足的詞或詞組： up to below under almost nearly 2.表示超過的詞或詞組： over more than just over 3.表示大約的詞： about 補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)： 一． 主章開頭

圖表類型：table;chart;diagram;graph;column chart;pie graph 描述：show;describe;illustrate;can be seen from;clear;apparent;reveal;represent 內(nèi)容：figure;statistic;number;percentage;proportion 二． 表示數(shù)據(jù)

一般：have 10%;at 10%;over 10% 最高（低）點(diǎn)：peaked;reached a peak/high(point)bottomed out;reached the bottom 變化：recover 略有回升； increase;jump;rise/rose;climb decrease;fall/fell;drop;decline;reduce fluctuate 浮動(dòng)，搖擺不定

remained steady/stable;stay the same;little/hardly any /no change 變化程度：sudden/suddenly 突然的，意外的 rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飛快的，險(xiǎn)峻的 dramatic/dramatically 戲劇性的，生動(dòng)的

significant/significantly 有意義的，重大的，重要的 sharp/sharply 銳利的，明顯的，急劇的 steep/steeply 急劇升降的

steady/steadily 穩(wěn)固的，堅(jiān)定不移的 gradual/gradually 漸進(jìn)的，逐漸的 slow/slowly 緩慢的，不活躍的 slight/slightly輕微的、略微地 stable/stably 穩(wěn)定的

表示范圍：from…to… between…and… for …to …多長時(shí)間直到 表示程度：almost adv.幾乎，差不多 nearly adv.幾乎，密切地 approximately adv.近似的，大約

about adv.附近，大約，轉(zhuǎn)向，左右，周圍 just over 剛超過

over adv.結(jié)束，越過，從頭到尾 exactly adv.正確地，嚴(yán)密地 precisely adv.正好 精確地；清晰地 比例：20 per cent 20% one in three 1/3 one out of every four 1/4 三 常用詞

significant changes 圖中一些較大變化 noticeable trend 明顯趨勢 during the same period 在同一時(shí)期 grow/grew 增長 distribute 分布，區(qū)別 unequally 不相等地 pronounced 明顯的 average平均 no doubt 無疑地

corresponding adj.相應(yīng)的，通訊的 represent vt.闡述，表現(xiàn) overall 總體上講 except 除外

in the case of adv.在…的情況下 in contrast 相反，大不相同 in conclusion adv.最后，總之 in comparison 相比之下 inversely adv.相反地，倒轉(zhuǎn)地 in general 通常，大體上，一般而言 rang from excessive adj.過多的，過分的，額外 lower v.降低，跌落

elapse vi.（時(shí)間）過去，消逝 category n.種類

government policy 政府政策 market forces 市場規(guī)率

measure n.尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，調(diào)節(jié) forecast n.先見，預(yù)見 v.預(yù)測 1.有用的詞

上升：increase rise ascend core surge go up climb mount level up 下降: decrease fall drop descend decline reduce lessen level down平穩(wěn):stable steady remain/maintain/keep/be the same as/similar to 波動(dòng):fluctuate fluctuation rise and falls up and down 占:occupy take up account for gain 而:while however whereas on the other hand actually/in fact 相比:by contract on the contrary likewise compared with 最高點(diǎn):the highest the top the summit the peak the most 最低點(diǎn):bottom less least rock bottom平均:mean average 趨勢:tendancy trend inclination 預(yù)見:prediction 達(dá)到頂峰: mount to 在***中占***:***gain the percentage of 有一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的過程:a stable period can be seen 1.At a slower rate...以較低的速度……

2.It reflects the great differences that exist between...在……之間反應(yīng)了巨大的差異

3.These figures were overwhelmingly greater than the corresponding figure of...這些數(shù)據(jù)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于XXX的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)

4.It can be seen from the chart that significantly...-er(比較級(jí))...than...由圖可以看出，XXX明顯更…… 5.In all locations, A out numbered B...在所有方面，A都比B……

6.These two pie charts(餅狀圖)show the differences between two groups of...這兩個(gè)餅狀圖顯示了兩組XXX之間的不同之處

7.The first point to note is the huge increase(in the number of)...首先要注意的就是（數(shù)據(jù)方面的）巨幅增加 8.A is more than...times(bigger)than B.A比B多（大）XXX倍。

9.The biggest loss was to A, which decreased from...to...of the whole.損失最大的是A，整體上，它從XXX降至XXX 10.The biggest gains(in graduate numbers)were made by A which, as a group, have increased by over...A獲得了最大的效益，整體上，它增長了…… 11.To sum up,...總之，……

12.This bar chart displays the numbers of...該柱狀圖顯示了XXX的數(shù)據(jù) 13.The chart reflects several trends.該圖顯示了如下幾種趨勢……

14.But...we see a different trend emerging.但是……我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了另一種趨勢慢慢浮現(xiàn) 15.When we compare..., we see...當(dāng)比較……我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)……

16.This suggests increased educational opportunities for women in higher education.這一點(diǎn)表明女性接受高等教育的機(jī)會(huì)得到增加。

17.According to the graph,...根據(jù)曲線圖…… 18.The proportion of...所占比例……

19.There was a slight recovery...……有輕微的恢復(fù) 20....has dropped dramatically ……已大幅下降

21.The general trend appears to be increases.總體趨勢似乎是在增長。22.There were approximately...大約有…… 23....had jumped four fold to...……已躍升四倍 24....rose sharply from...to...從……到……急劇上漲 25.Remained constant at...保持在…… 26.The overall trend for...總體趨勢……

27.The graph shows the percentage of...該圖所示……所占百分比……

28.We can see that...swell during the...hours, peaking at...am.我們可以看到，……在XXX時(shí)間一路增長，在XXX時(shí)刻到達(dá)峰值。

29.Although the raw data does not provide an explanation for these trends 盡管原始數(shù)據(jù)沒有為這些趨勢提供解釋

30.When coupled with the graphic information, leads to some possible conclusions...結(jié)合圖表信息，就可能得到一些結(jié)論……

31.This may serve to explain, at least in part, the mirror image of the two lines.這可能有助于解釋，至少部分解釋了這兩條線的鏡像關(guān)系。

32.Perhaps the most telling feature of the chart is the dominance of...也許該圖表最生動(dòng)的特征就是……的優(yōu)勢

33.The graph relates the percentage of...該圖的比例關(guān)系…… 34.Rise gradually to about 10%.逐漸上升至百分之十左右。

35.After a slight drop around lunch time, audiences begin a fairly steady climb towards the peak viewer ship in the hours from 6pm to 10pm at some 40-45%.在午餐時(shí)間有輕微的下降，然后觀眾開始穩(wěn)定增長，在下午六點(diǎn)至10點(diǎn)，觀眾增加至峰值，百分之四五十左右。36.A sharp decline follows to...跟隨著……急劇下降

37.Listenership drops steadily from this peak, crossing the line for television views at around 2pm.聽眾人數(shù)自峰值穩(wěn)定下降，在下午兩點(diǎn)左右橫越電視觀眾數(shù)。

38.It continues to decline throughout the evening until reaching a low point at 2am.整個(gè)晚上它繼續(xù)下降，直到凌晨02點(diǎn)達(dá)到最低點(diǎn)。

39.The graph proves the dominance of...該圖顯示了XXX的優(yōu)勢 40.During the peak period of...在XXX的高峰時(shí)期，……

41.The diagram unfolds a clear comparison between...該圖沒有展現(xiàn)XX與XX之間的清晰比較 42.The United States as a whole in four aspects, namely,...美國，作為一個(gè)整體在四個(gè)方面，即…… 43.Obviously, in every aspect...很顯然，在各個(gè)方面……

44....had a much higher growth rate than...as a whole during that period.整體看來，在那期間，XXX增長速度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于XXX 45.The number of...increased by %.XXX的數(shù)據(jù)增長了……

46.The most rapid increase of all the four aspects...As to the other three, though the growth rates were not so high, they were indeed remarkable and impressive.47.方面中增長最快的是……至于其他三個(gè)方面，盡管增加速率沒那么高，它們的增長也是很顯著的。48.The number of...dropped by %.XXX的數(shù)據(jù)下降了……

49.From the diagram it can be safely concluded that(in the years)...由圖可知（幾年時(shí)間里）…… 50.There were many significant changes(in modes of transport)...有很多明顯的改變（在運(yùn)輸方式方面）……

51.The following paragraphs will identify and discuss the trends in the accompanying graph.下列各段將確定并討論附圖所示趨勢。

52.A very noticeable trend was the steady decrease in...一個(gè)明顯的趨勢是在XXX方面的穩(wěn)定下降。53.During the same period, there was a large increase...同時(shí)，XXX增幅很大。

Nowadays, there are more and more()in().It is estimated that().Why have there been so many()? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is().Besides,().The third one is().To sum up, the main cause of(某種現(xiàn)象)is due to(最主要原因).It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing,(解決辦法一).On the other hand,(解決辦法二).All these measures will certainly reduce the number of(某種現(xiàn)象).解決方法型

要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑 １．問題現(xiàn)狀 ２．怎樣解決(解決方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn))In recent days, we have to face I problem-A, which is becoming more and more serious.First, ．Second, Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing,.For another.Finally,.Personally, I believe that Consequently,Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because--------------(帶來的好處).說明利弊型

這種題型往往要求先說明一下現(xiàn)狀，再對(duì)比事物本身的利弊，有時(shí)也會(huì)單從一個(gè)角度（利或弊）出發(fā)，最后往往要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度（或?qū)κ挛锴熬疤岢鲱A(yù)測）１． 說明事物現(xiàn)狀 ２． 事物本身的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)（或一方面）３． 你對(duì)現(xiàn)狀（或前景）的看法

Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First---------------(Ａ的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一).Besides-------------------（Ａ的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之二）.But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that----------------(Ａ的第一個(gè)缺點(diǎn))．To make matters worse,------------------(Ａ的第二個(gè)缺點(diǎn))．

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.Therefore, I would like to---------------(我的看法)．

(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.Only by this way,---------------(對(duì)前景的預(yù)測)．

第三篇：高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試

高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試（B級(jí)）2008年6月

Writing

說明：假設(shè)你是公司職員劉斌，給經(jīng)理Mr.Johnson寫一張請(qǐng)假條。時(shí)間：2008年6月19日，星期四

1.咳嗽特別厲害，想去醫(yī)院看病;

2.因本周大部分工作已經(jīng)完成，故星期五請(qǐng)假一天；

3.看完病后，會(huì)給經(jīng)理打電話；

4.對(duì)由此造成的不便表示歉意；

5.希望能得到經(jīng)理的批準(zhǔn)。

To:Mr Johnson

Form:Liu Bin

Date:June 19 2008

Subject:Leave of Absence

Dear Mr Johnson,I would like to know if I could ask for a sick leave for one day on Friday.I’ve got a bad cough ,and I hope I can go to hospital to have an examination.And I have completed most of the work this week ,so I want to ask for a leave for one day tomorrow.I will call you once I finsh the examination, and I’m terribly sorry about the inconvenience caused.Many thanks.I’m looking forward to your kind answer.預(yù)測作文1：

說明：假定你是李明，根據(jù)以下第一人稱發(fā)一封電子郵件。內(nèi)容：

1.發(fā)件人：李明

2.收件人：Linda

3.發(fā)件人電子郵箱地址：

4.收件人郵箱地址：

5.事由：李明是某網(wǎng)上書店銷售員，最近美國的Linda在該書店買了一本書，書名：Introduction to Success

6.郵件涉及的內(nèi)容：

1）首先要感謝對(duì)方購買該書；

2）告訴客戶，書已經(jīng)按時(shí)寄出，預(yù)計(jì)在一周內(nèi)到達(dá)；

3）希望客戶收到書后到網(wǎng)站上進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)；

4）最后推薦一些新書，歡迎該客戶再次在本店選購

注意：不要逐字翻譯上面給出的內(nèi)容提示。

Form:liming2011@163.com Dear Linda,This is Li Ming, book salesperson in the ABC online bookstore.Thank you for buying the book Introduction to Success in our bookstore recently.I’m writing to you to tell that the book you ordered have already been sent out.You can expect to reveive it within a week.I wonder whether you would like to evaluate our service on the Internet after you receive the book.Moreover, I would like to recommend you another new book in the store called Twilight and welcome you to buybooks from here again.Sincerely yoursLi Ming預(yù)測作文2：

假定你是公司的一名秘書，公司內(nèi)部將要舉行一培訓(xùn)，現(xiàn)在寫一份英語公告，涵蓋以下內(nèi)容：

1.本次培訓(xùn)全員參加；

2.本次培訓(xùn)為期三天，從本周二到周四，9:00a.m——5:00p.m；

3.培訓(xùn)期間請(qǐng)聽從培訓(xùn)老師的安排；

4.其他注意事項(xiàng)。

Notice

Our company is going to hold an internal recently which requires all the staff to take part in.This training will last for three days from Tuesday to Thursday, 9:00a.m to 5:00p.m.Every one should follow the trainin teather’s advice during this training.Moreover, please make sure that your cell phone should be turned off in class.If you have something emergent, you can call the dirctor to ask for leave.Secretary: Helen2008年12月

Writing

說明：假定你是JKM公司的Thomas Black，剛從巴黎（Paris）出差回來，請(qǐng)給在巴黎的Jane Costa小姐寫一封感謝信。

寫信日期：2008年12月21日

內(nèi)容：

1.感謝她在巴黎期間的熱情接待；

2.告訴她巴黎給你留下了美好的印象，你非常喜歡法國的……,參觀工廠和學(xué)校后學(xué)到了很多……;

3.期待再次與她見面。

注意：必須包括收信人的稱謂、寫信日期、發(fā)信人的簽名等基本格式。Dec.21,2008

Dear Jane Costa,I am Thomas Black from JKM company and I have just come back home from Paris.I am writing this letter to thank you for you hospitable reception.Paris has left a good impression on me and the travel will definitely become a beautiful memory in my lift.The places of interest that I enjoy most are Eiffel Tower, Notre Dame de paris and Versailles Palace.And

what’s more, I like the perfumes in Paris very much, which are famous all over the world, and I bought some to give my friends as gifts.After I visited the factories and schools in paris, I feel I have learned a lot.I Really appreciate the advanced technology and administration in the factories and the teaching symtem in schools.Look forward to having another chance of meeting you!

Yours sincerely,Thomas Black

JKM company

第四篇：高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試A級(jí)作文

高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試A級(jí)作文

（一）詢價(jià)函和回復(fù)函

在貿(mào)易活動(dòng)中，達(dá)成一筆交易需要經(jīng)過反復(fù)的磋商，即買賣雙方通過詢價(jià)和恢復(fù)等方式相互洽談，溝通，交換意見，從而達(dá)成一致。交易磋商 主要環(huán)節(jié)就是詢價(jià)和回復(fù)。無論是詢價(jià)還是報(bào)價(jià)，語言表達(dá)都要簡潔，具體，切題。

詢價(jià)信函的寫作要注意按以下模式進(jìn)行： 第一步，表明信息來源或者自我介紹；第二步，表明感興趣的商品以及想了解的信息，包括目錄、價(jià)格、支付條件等等；第三步，表明合作意向（若價(jià)格合適就訂貨），同時(shí)期盼盡快回復(fù)。

報(bào)價(jià)信函首先感謝對(duì)方對(duì)本公司商品的詢問，并表示樂意為對(duì)方提供服務(wù)，并按照對(duì)方的詢問內(nèi)容做解答。

常用套語：

1.We learn from … that you are the producer of …, will you please send us your price list of …?

2.In reply to your letter of …, we enclose our latest price list.就貴方的…來函，我方隨信寄上我公司最新的價(jià)目表。

3.We have received your inquiry for… 我們已經(jīng)收到貴公司的…的詢價(jià)信。

4.We hope these terms are satisfactory and we look forward to your order.我們希望這些條款能使貴公司滿意，并期望貴公司訂貨。

5.guarantee 保證

6.special offer 特殊報(bào)價(jià)

7.We would like to let you know that if your price is competitive and delivery date acceptable, we shall place a large order with you.如貴方價(jià)格合理，交貨日期滿足我方要求，我方可大量訂貨。

8.If your prices are favorable, I can place the order right away.如價(jià)格優(yōu)惠，我們可以馬上訂貨。

●范文●

說明：根據(jù)下列要求寫一封詢價(jià)信函。

1）Peter在2011年2月的《兒童玩具》雜志上看到某公司的洋娃娃產(chǎn)品廣告，很感興趣；

2）想了解詳細(xì)信息，期望能寄一份洋娃娃的目錄和最新價(jià)格表；

3）如質(zhì)量滿意，價(jià)格合理，可以長期大量訂購。

Words for reference: 洋娃娃 baby doll

February 19, 2011

Dear Sir or Madam,From “Children's Toys” in February, 2011, we learn that you are a leading

exporter of baby dolls.We’re very interested in those goods and would

appreciate you if you can send us catalogues and samples.Meanwhile, please

provide us your latest prices, discounts and terms of payments.Should your price be found competitive and goods be up to standard, we intend

to place a large order on a regular basis.Hope to hear from you soon!

Sincerely yours,/Truly yours,Peter

（二）通知（TEST 6）

書面通知，文體比較正式。上方正中寫NOTICE或者ANNOUCEMENT或者

Notice，通知發(fā)出者及時(shí)間可放正文后的右下角處或左下角處。

●范文●

說明：以學(xué)生會(huì)的名義于2011年5月15日寫一張講座的通知，請(qǐng)大家積極參加。

演講人：著名教授Mark Blair先生

時(shí)間：下周五晚7:00

地點(diǎn)：報(bào)告廳

主題：世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的變化

●審題概述●

關(guān)于講座通知的寫作，首先必須介紹講座的內(nèi)容、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，然后介紹演講者

相關(guān)的背景情況，最后提及講座的吸引人之處，同時(shí)提倡學(xué)生積極參與。

NOTICE

There is going to be a lecture on Changes of World Economy in the lecture

hall at 7:00 p.m.next Friday.The lecture will be given by Prof.Mark Blair, who

has got his doctor’s degree at Cambridge University.He is famous for analyzing

world economy, and has published several books in this field.He will tell, in his

own humorous style, huge changes about the world economy, from which you

will learn a lot.All students are welcome to attend this lecture.Students’ Union

May 15, 201

1（三）備忘錄

備忘錄是一種非正式的公文。它是分管某項(xiàng)工作的有關(guān)人員或下級(jí)部門至上級(jí)部

門所使用的一種簡短的書面交流形式。目的是針對(duì)某一事項(xiàng)提醒，督促，通告本

單位內(nèi)部的相關(guān)人員。

說明：請(qǐng)以總經(jīng)理秘書的名義給總經(jīng)理寫一份電話備忘錄。

備忘錄的寫作應(yīng)注意語言簡潔明了，直抒其意，同時(shí)應(yīng)著重注意書寫格式。

Memo寫在最上端正中間

To(收件人)：寫收件人姓名，一般情況下可免寫職務(wù)

From（發(fā)件人）：寫發(fā)件人姓名，一般情況下可免寫職務(wù)

Date：寫在右上角或左邊齊頭

Subject（主題）：用幾個(gè)字對(duì)備忘錄的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概括，語言要簡潔

Body（正文）：可以免稱呼，要避免使用客套語，語言要簡潔明了，非正式用語

Reference Initials（經(jīng)手人代號(hào)）：撰寫人姓名的首字母縮寫

●范文●

收閱人：總經(jīng)理Mark

發(fā)文人：總經(jīng)理秘書Jennifer

日期：2011年2月1日

主題：會(huì)議預(yù)約

內(nèi)容：美國國際貿(mào)易公司銷售經(jīng)理Bill Smith將于近期來南京，希望和Mark總

經(jīng)理：1）預(yù)約會(huì)面的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；

2）簽訂上次談?wù)摰挠嘘P(guān)南京云錦的貿(mào)易合同；

3）希望進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)合作。

Words for reference :南京云錦 Nanjing brocade

美國國際貿(mào)易公司 America International Trading Company

MEMO

To: Mark, General Manager

From: Jennifer, Secretary

Date: Feb.1, 2011

Subject: Making an Appointment

Content：

Mr.Bill Smith, Sales Manager of America International Trade Company, will

come to Nanjing for a business trip recently.He hopes to see you and would like

to know when and where you could meet each other.He will sign up the trading

contract for Nanjing Brocade discussed with us before.And he also hopes to

further strengthen our cooperation.（四）求職信求職信的寫作關(guān)鍵是抓住以下三個(gè)部分：寫信動(dòng)機(jī)、自我介紹及結(jié)

尾。寫作動(dòng)機(jī)說明是通過何種途徑得知崗位信息；自我介紹主要說明自己的年齡、教育背景、工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)及能力；結(jié)尾希望能得到面談的機(jī)會(huì)。

常用套語:

1.I’d like to apply for the position of …我想申請(qǐng)擔(dān)任…職位

2.I hope I can work in a company where there is more room for advancement.我希望在一間有更大發(fā)展空間的公司工作。

3.I have some experience of such work, so I feel equal to this job.我有從事此項(xiàng)

工作的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，所以我想我能夠勝任這份工作。

4.I should be pleased to have a personal interview.我希望得到面談的機(jī)會(huì)。

5.I’d like to furnish…if needed.如有必要，我可以提供…

6.I enclose a resume together with my recent photo.隨信寄簡歷一份，近照一張

7.Please feel free to contact me.請(qǐng)隨時(shí)聯(lián)絡(luò)本人。

●范文●

說明：你叫王凱，于3月30日在智聯(lián)招聘網(wǎng)（Zhaopin.com）上看到HW公司招

聘銷售經(jīng)理的信息，請(qǐng)給該公司的經(jīng)理寫一封求職信表示求職意愿。

內(nèi)容：

1）說明你從何處得到招聘信息；

2）簡單介紹個(gè)人情況：28歲，畢業(yè)于東南大學(xué)管理學(xué)院，研究生學(xué)歷，曾在ZX公司擔(dān)任過2年的銷售經(jīng)理，經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富；

3）隨信附上簡歷，期望與經(jīng)理面談。

寫信人地址及寫信時(shí)間

收件人部門及地址

Dear Sir or Madam,Learning from Zhaopin.com that you’re looking for a sales manager, I

would like to apply for the position.I’m a graduate student from Management

College of Southeast University.Though only 28 years old, I’m rich in working

experience, sales knowledge and management skills.What’s more, I have once

worked as a sales manager in ZX Company for 2 years.Activism and

self-confidence encourage me to face up to any challenge.For more about me, please see the resume attached.I would appreciate it if you

can offer me a chance of interview.Look forward to your earliest reply!

Sincerely yours,Wang Kai

（五）簡歷

簡歷是一個(gè)人在求學(xué)，尋找工作或職位時(shí)向?qū)W?；騿挝惶峁┑?，用來表述自己基本情況和經(jīng)歷的文字簡述。填寫簡歷應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1.語言應(yīng)當(dāng)言簡意賅，簡潔明了，盡量用數(shù)字短語和詞組，少用文字和句子

2.概念要清晰，表述要準(zhǔn)確

3.簡歷部分不宜太簡略也不宜太繁雜

常用詞匯和套語：

簡歷：Resume姓：family name/ surname名：first name 地址：address電話：telephone number工作經(jīng)歷：work experience 教育背景：educational background/education

個(gè)人簡況：personal information/data

求職意向：job objective籍貫：native place國籍：nationality

民族：nation外語技能：foreign language skills出生地：place of birth 出生日期：date of birth證明人：references郵政編碼：postal code 性別：gender婚姻狀況：marital status

（六）廣告

廣告是一種銷售商品或服務(wù)的宣傳方式和手段。因此廣告必須具有吸引力，在表達(dá)中不僅要注意所給的信息點(diǎn)，還要設(shè)法在廣告中突出他們，力爭做到美觀醒目，廣告語言需簡明易懂，使用常用詞匯，富有感染力。

廣告種類較多，包括招聘廣告，招生廣告，產(chǎn)品銷售廣告，娛樂廣告，租賃廣告等。

廣告由標(biāo)題，文字說明，圖像和廠商名址等部分組成。標(biāo)題是廣告的核心，故盡量使用一些激勵(lì)性和口語化的語言。正文多用短語和短句。

招聘廣告要寫明招聘單位名稱，并做簡單介紹，表明招聘的職位和崗位，招聘條件，并提供聯(lián)系方式和通訊地址。

（七）商務(wù)感謝信

商務(wù)感謝信首先對(duì)對(duì)方給予的款待、幫助等表示由衷的感謝，然后用簡潔的語言贊賞對(duì)方提供幫助所起到的作用，或促成的結(jié)果，最后由衷的表示感謝，并希望有朝一日能夠回報(bào)。

●范文●

說明：你是EB公司的Kate，剛從英國出差回來，在英國期間得到了LH公司的Anne Green小姐的照顧，你想寫一封電子郵件表示感謝，內(nèi)容包括：

1）感謝她在英國期間的熱情招待；

2）告訴她英國很漂亮，給你留下了深刻的印象；

3）和貴公司的接觸很融洽，希望能更近一步合作；

4）寫信日期：2011年4月10

April 10, 2011

Dear Anne Green,I’m writing this mail to thank you for your kindness and hospitality during my stay in Britain!It was really an unforgettable experience!

Through this business visit, I have known your country much better.The beauty of this city really impresses me.Everything goes on well during this trip and we keep good relationship with you.I do hope we can strengthen our further cooperation.Hope I have the chance to give you a reception in the near future.With many thanks.Sincerely yours,Kate

EB Company

（八）便條

便條是一種臨時(shí)性的書信文體，格式簡單，內(nèi)容簡短不用信封，無需郵寄，多是托人轉(zhuǎn)交，一定要寫清楚留言時(shí)間及留言人。

常用便條一般包括日期，稱呼，正文及署名。日期寫在便條的右上角，只寫日期，有的直接寫星期幾或者上下午的具體點(diǎn)鐘。

●范文●請(qǐng)假條

Dec.6th, 2011 Dear Mrs.Green:

I very much regret I was unable to attend school this morning owing to a severe attack of illness.I am enclosing here with a certificate from the doctor who is attending me, as he fears it will be several days before I shall be able to resume my study.I trust my enforced absence will not give you any serious inconvenience.Sincerely yours.Jack

第五篇：高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試B級(jí)寫作

海淀走讀大學(xué)京南校區(qū)

高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試B級(jí)—寫作部分自測題

高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試B級(jí)-----寫作部分

大綱要求所涵蓋的內(nèi)容： 表格填寫：個(gè)人資料表單

模擬套寫：名片、賀卡、通知，便條、邀請(qǐng)函及回函，個(gè)人簡歷，簡短私人信函。個(gè)人資料表單：包括個(gè)人求職申請(qǐng)表……….名片和賀卡：實(shí)用英語第一冊 118頁 通知：實(shí)用英語第一冊 158頁 便條：實(shí)用英語第一冊 138頁

邀請(qǐng)函及回函：實(shí)用英語第一冊 198頁 個(gè)人簡歷： 簡短私人信函：實(shí)用英語第一冊 56頁（信封）、77頁（私人信函及業(yè)務(wù)信函寫作要點(diǎn)）實(shí)用英語第二冊 59頁（證明信），79頁（介紹信），98頁（邀請(qǐng)信），117頁（感謝信），138頁（道歉信），159頁（慰問信），181頁（投訴信）考過的類型：

個(gè)人資料表單：The Application Form 私人信函：A Letter of Reply, A Letter to Insurance Company, A Letter to Mr.John Smith, A Letter to Good Friend 便條：Telephone Message 通知：Notice of Meeting 寫作練習(xí)：

（一）個(gè)人資料表單：The Application Form(from multinational company)

（二）名片：1）請(qǐng)為河?？萍奸_發(fā)有限公司的周寶山副總經(jīng)理譯寫一張名片。地址：海河市和平區(qū)文化路三號(hào)巷15號(hào) 電話：3890760（辦）3914387（宅）傳真：011-3890434 郵編：114709 2）請(qǐng)為北京市天創(chuàng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司的人力資源部經(jīng)理李元譯寫名片。地址：北京市北四環(huán)中路110號(hào) 郵編：100080 辦公電話：86-10-63306606 手機(jī)：*** 電子郵件：leeyuan@skynet.com.cn

（二）賀卡：為你的朋友寄一張生日卡。生日賀卡的內(nèi)容：我最好的朋友，祝你生日快樂！身體健康！永遠(yuǎn)擁有甜美的笑容和快樂的心情！

（四）通知： 會(huì)議通知 會(huì)議內(nèi)容：計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì) 會(huì)議時(shí)間：2003年5月10日 會(huì)議地點(diǎn)：主樓12層第二會(huì)議室

要求參會(huì)人員：計(jì)算機(jī)系所有大一和大二的學(xué)生 發(fā)布通知單位：計(jì)算機(jī)系辦公室

（五）便條 電話留言：Mary打電話找Smith,你接的電話。請(qǐng)寫便條，告訴Smith：Mary已經(jīng)幫他安排了與IBM公司公關(guān)部經(jīng)理Mr.White 的會(huì)議，時(shí)間是下周二上午10：00，地點(diǎn)是公司第三會(huì)議室。海淀走讀大學(xué)京南校區(qū)

高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試B級(jí)—寫作部分自測題

（六）邀請(qǐng)函及回函

1)請(qǐng)?zhí)鍹r.Li寫一封正式邀請(qǐng)函：定于2003年6月6日上午11點(diǎn)在北京飯店舉行婚宴，敬請(qǐng)所有朋友參加。

2)就這封邀請(qǐng)函回復(fù)一封接受邀請(qǐng)的回函。

（七）私人信函：

1）Writing(25 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.Your writing should be based on the following instruction.根據(jù)下列信息和要求寫一封信。所寫內(nèi)容應(yīng)不少于80詞。

你有一年多的時(shí)間未與老客戶聯(lián)系，寫一封信 1.提及一年多未接觸； 2.回顧過去的交往；

3.簡述本公司的最新發(fā)展； 3.表示繼續(xù)互利性來往的愿望。

2）Writing(25 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.Your writing should be based on the following instruction.根據(jù)下列信息和要求寫一封應(yīng)聘信。所寫內(nèi)容應(yīng)不少于80詞。

你正在申請(qǐng)國外某大學(xué)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金(scholarship)。申請(qǐng)信需說明你希望攻讀什么專業(yè)、你申請(qǐng)?jiān)搶I(yè)具備那些條件、學(xué)成后希望獲得什么資格(如bachelor's / master's / doctor's degree)，將來如何利用所獲得的資歷(qualifications)及所學(xué)知識(shí)報(bào)效祖國。3）Writing(25 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.Your writing should be based on the following instruction.根據(jù)下列信息和要求寫一封信。所寫內(nèi)容應(yīng)不少于80詞。

你正在聯(lián)系去某校學(xué)習(xí)深造，此次補(bǔ)寄一份在本校學(xué)習(xí)的成績單，并寫信 1.說明按要求寄去成績單； 2.對(duì)寄成績單的耽擱表示歉意；

3.對(duì)成績單上的某一點(diǎn)作出說明(如成績的劃分，某一門課的確切內(nèi)容等)； 4.問是否還缺少有關(guān)材料。

4）Writing(25 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.Your writing should be based on the following instruction.You are required to put the following messages into English in the proper form.You should do your task in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.歡迎您來我校作報(bào)告。關(guān)于報(bào)告的日期，我想六月二日(星期三)或六月九日(星期三)都是可以安排的日子。但如果這兩天都不合適，請(qǐng)您提一個(gè)更方便的日子。如果您有可能接受這個(gè)邀請(qǐng)，煩請(qǐng)您告知什么日期和時(shí)間能來我校。當(dāng)然，我們會(huì)派車前往賓館接您。

我知道您的工作一定很忙，但我確實(shí)希望您能在百忙中光臨指教。5）Writing(25 minutes)海淀走讀大學(xué)京南校區(qū)

高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試B級(jí)—寫作部分自測題

Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.Your writing should be based on the following instruction.You are required to put the following messages into English in the proper form.You should do your task in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.發(fā) 信 人：王強(qiáng)

收 信 人：美國Vesta公司Mr.John Granger 內(nèi)容：本酒店在5月10日至15日期間可以提供10個(gè)雙人房間，全部位于28層，價(jià)格為128美元/天，包括免費(fèi)早餐。如果要求房價(jià)8折優(yōu)惠，則不包括免費(fèi)早餐。對(duì)你們的咨詢表示感謝，歡迎光臨。

6）Writing(25 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.Your writing should be based on the following instruction.You are required to put the following messages into English in the proper form.You should do your task in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.發(fā)信時(shí)間：1999年9月25日

發(fā) 信 人：李明

收 信 人：美國玩具公司

內(nèi) 容：看到貴公司的廣告，我想申請(qǐng)銷售員工作。本人24歲，會(huì)說英語和粵語(Cantonese)，懂經(jīng)商知識(shí)，有銷售技巧。與當(dāng)?shù)赝婢咪N售人士有來往。如被聘用，定能為公司提高玩具銷售量。如需要，可提供所需證明材料。

6）Writing(25 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.Your writing should be based on the following instruction.You are required to put the following messages into English in the proper form.You should do your task in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.發(fā) 信 人：王強(qiáng)

收 信 人：美國Vesta公司Mr.John Granger 內(nèi) 容：我們對(duì)貴公司產(chǎn)品代號(hào)為5670至5683的新產(chǎn)品非常感興趣。我們在與貴公司簽定正式合約之前，需要對(duì)新產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行測試。上述每種產(chǎn)品我們需要10件樣品，請(qǐng)盡早答復(fù)我們的查詢。

7）Writing(25 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.Your writing should be based on the following instruction.You are required to put the following messages into English in the proper form.You should do your task in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.發(fā) 信 人：王強(qiáng)

收 信 人：美國Vesta公司Mr.John Granger 內(nèi) 容：收到貴公司10月8日來函，得知我公司產(chǎn)品在你們市場很暢銷，非常高興。明年我公司將有新產(chǎn)品上市，代號(hào)為0029-0040，我公司備有樣品及產(chǎn)品介紹，歡迎來函索取。

8）Writing(25 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.Your writing 海淀走讀大學(xué)京南校區(qū)

高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試B級(jí)—寫作部分自測題

should be based on the following instruction.You are required to put the following messages into English in the proper form.You should do your task in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.發(fā) 信 人：王強(qiáng)

收 信 人：美國Vesta公司Mr.John Granger 內(nèi) 容：我們很遺憾地通知貴公司，我們不得不取消第5號(hào)定單。我在休假期間，一個(gè)

臨時(shí)工將定單弄錯(cuò)了。我們對(duì)貴公司的產(chǎn)品仍然很有興趣，請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系，商討再次合作。

9）Writing(25 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.Your writing should be based on the following instruction.You are required to put the following messages into English in the proper form.You should do your task in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.發(fā) 信 人：王強(qiáng)

收 信 人：Tom 內(nèi) 容：非常高興地告訴你，我已經(jīng)出院了，并于昨天開始正常工作。在我住院期間多虧了有你的細(xì)心照顧和關(guān)心，我才能這樣快地恢復(fù)健康，感激之情無以言表。希望能當(dāng)面向你表示謝意。