第一篇：(橫向)大學(xué)英語四級翻譯常用詞匯

2015大學(xué)英語四級翻譯常用詞匯

科技詞匯

vanish vi.消失、突然間消失

例：Myfear varnished.我的恐懼突然消失

digital a.數(shù)字的、數(shù)字顯示的 考：digitalage數(shù)碼時代

electricala.電的，與電有關(guān)的 考：electricalappliance電器設(shè)備

electronica.電子的

考：electronicdevice電子設(shè)備

optical a.光的、眼的

例：opticalinstruments光學(xué)儀器

universal a.普遍的,全體的;通用的,萬能的 派：universen.宇宙

例：universaltruth普遍真理

solar a.太陽能的 例：solarenergy太陽能

solid a.固體的、實心的、結(jié)實

例：solidfuel固體燃料solid evidence可信的證據(jù)

派：solidarityn.團結(jié)solidify v.凝固infinite a.無限的、無邊無際的

例：infinitepatience無限的耐心

mechanicala.機械的

例：mechanicalengineering機械工程師

派：mechanica.機械的 precise a.精確的 派：precisionn.精確

logical a.邏輯的

派：logicn.邏輯illogical a.不合邏輯的 psychological a.心理的、心理學(xué)的 派：psychologyn.心理

phenomenonn.現(xiàn)象、跡象

派：phenomenala.顯著的

考：acommon phenomenon普遍現(xiàn)象

bacteria n.細菌

element n.元素、成分、元件

派：elementala.基本的、元素的elementary a.基本的、初步的biology n.生物學(xué)、生態(tài)學(xué)

evolution n.演變、進化

例：thetheory of evolution進化論

mathematicsn.算術(shù)

派：mathematicala.數(shù)學(xué)上的 formula n.原則、方案、公式

例：peaceformula和平方案

statistic n.統(tǒng)計數(shù)值、統(tǒng)計資料

例：statisticdata統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)

vitamin n.維生素

protein n.蛋白質(zhì)

oxygen n.氧、氧氣

記：oxy(氧的)+gen(產(chǎn)生)=氧氣

carbon n.碳

考：carbondioxide二氧化碳

measurementn.衡量、測量

例：threemeasurements三圍

派：measurevt.衡量,測量

intelligencen.智力、智慧、情報

派：intelligenta.智慧的

例：artificialintelligence人工智能

graph n.圖表、圖解

navigationn.航行、導(dǎo)航

派：navigatev.導(dǎo)航

例：navigationsystem導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)

dimension n.方面、緯、長(或?qū)?、?等

派：dimensionala.空間的

例：threedimensional space三緯空間

經(jīng)濟詞匯

總需求 aggregate demand

總供給 aggregate supply

企業(yè)文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture

企業(yè)形象 corporate image(Cl);enterprise image

跨國公司 cross-national corporation

創(chuàng)業(yè)精神 enterprising spirit;pioneering spirit

外資企業(yè) foreign-funded enterprise

獵頭公司head-hunter

假日經(jīng)濟 holiday economy

人力資本human capital

航空和航天工業(yè)aerospace industry

飛機制造工業(yè)aircraft industry

電子工業(yè) electronic industry

汽車制造工業(yè) car industry

娛樂業(yè) entertainment industry

信息產(chǎn)業(yè) information industry

知識密集型產(chǎn)業(yè) knowledge-intensive industry

國有大中型企業(yè) large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises

輕工業(yè) light industry

博彩業(yè) lottery industry

制造業(yè) manufacturing industry

壟斷行業(yè) monopoly industries

市場多元化 market diversification

市場經(jīng)濟 market economy

市場監(jiān)管 market supervision

購買力 purchasing power

熊市 bear market

牛市 bull market

城鎮(zhèn)化 urbanization

房地產(chǎn) real estate

首付 down-payment

業(yè)主 home owner

個人購房貸款 individual housing loan

經(jīng)濟全球化 economic globalization

經(jīng)濟特區(qū) special economic zones(SEZ)

經(jīng)濟增長 economic growth

泡沫經(jīng)濟 bubble economy 關(guān)稅tariff

納稅人tax payer

宏觀經(jīng)濟macro economy

貨幣投放量 the size of money supply

流動性過剩excess liquidity

經(jīng)濟過熱 overheated economy

通貨膨脹inflation

抑制通貨膨脹curb inflation

注入流動性 to inject liquidity

貼現(xiàn)率 discount rate

存款準備金率 reserve requirement ratio(RRR)

公開市場業(yè)務(wù) open market operation(OMO)

逆回購 reverse repurchase agreement;reverse repo

引導(dǎo)降低市場借貸成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level

穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策prudent monetary policy

微調(diào)貨幣政策 to fine-tune monetary policy

硬著陸 hard landing

軟著陸 soft landing

二十國集團 Group of Twenty(G2O)

財政部長 Finance Minister

全年預(yù)期經(jīng)濟增長目標the expected growth target for the whole

社會保障 social security year

經(jīng)濟活力 economic vitality

大規(guī)模經(jīng)濟刺激計劃 a massive economic stimulus package

結(jié)構(gòu)改革 structural reform

硬資產(chǎn) hard assets

軟資產(chǎn) soft assets

有形資產(chǎn) tangible assets

經(jīng)濟走廊 economic corridor

整頓市場秩序 to rectify the market order

反壟斷 antitrust;anti-monopoly

定價浮動 price fluctuations

謀求利益最大化 to maximize profit

債務(wù)審計audit of debt

地方性政府債務(wù) local government debt/liability

公共財政體制改革 an overhaul of the public finance system

債務(wù)管理 debt management

信用支持 credit support 中國社會

多元文化論 cultural pluralism

文化適應(yīng) acculturation

班車 shuttle bus

相定遷戶 a relocated unit or household

大齡青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age

獨生子女 the only child in a family

單親 single parent

福利彩票 welfare lotteries

家政服務(wù) household management service

民工 migrant laborers

名人 celebrity

農(nóng)村剩余勞動力 surplus rural labor/laborers

青春期 puberty

全民健身運動 nationwide fitness campaign

全國人口普查 nationwide census

社會保險 social insurance

暫住證 temporary residence permit/card

青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency

性騷擾 sexual harassment

走私 smuggling

*性另歧視 gender/sexual discrimination

年齡歧視 age discrimination

工作歧視 job discrimination

享樂主義hedonism

文盲 illiteracy

貧富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor

盜版 pirated/illegal copies

一國兩制 One Country, Two Systems

三個代表 the Three Represents Theory

兩會(人大、政協(xié))Two Conferences(NPC and CPPCC)

南南合作 South-South Cooperation

南北對話 North-South Dialog

人大常委會 People’s Congress Standing Committee

法制觀念 awareness of law

法制國家 a country with an adequate legal system

改革開放 reform and opening-up

公務(wù)員 civil servants

官僚主義作風(fēng) the bureaucratic style of work

和諧并存 harmonious coexistence

計劃生育 family planning

計劃生育基本國策 the basic state policy of family planning

4青才申文明建設(shè) the construction of spiritual civilization

居委會 neighborhood committee

科教興國 national rejuvenation through science and education

可持續(xù)發(fā)展 sustainable development

廉潔高效 honesty and high efficiency

兩岸關(guān)系 cross-straits relations

兩岸談判 cross-straits negotiations

領(lǐng) 土完整 territorial integrity

民族精神 national spirit

普選制 general election system

求同存異 seek common ground while shelving differences

人大代表NPC member

物質(zhì)文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization

小康社會 a well-off society

小康水平a well-off standard

一個中國原則 the one-China principle

與時俱進 keep pace with the times

綜合國力 overall national strength

共同愿望common desire

“走出去”(戰(zhàn)略)going global

不結(jié)盟 non-alignment

單邊主義 unilateralism

多邊政策 multilateralism

多極世界 multipolar world

人 口 老齡化 aging of population

政治思想教育 political and ideological education

畢業(yè)生分酉己 graduate placement;assignment of graduate

人口出生率birth rate

社區(qū)月服務(wù) community service

道德法庭 court of ethics

盜用公款embezzlement 教育詞匯

成人夜校 night school for adults

在職進修班 on-job training courses n

綜合性大學(xué) comprehensive university

文科院校 colleges of(liberal)arts

理工科大學(xué) college / university of science and engineering

師范學(xué)院 teachers’ college;normal college

高分低能 high scores and low abilities

高考(university/college)entrance examination

高校擴招 the college expansion plan

教育界 education circle

教育投入 input in education

九年義務(wù)教育 nine-year compulsory education

考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools

充電 update one’s knowledge

初等教育 elementary education

大學(xué)城 college town

大學(xué)社區(qū) college community

高等教育 higher education

高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project”

高等學(xué)府 institution of higher educatio

課外活動 extracurricular activities

必修課 required/compulsory course

選修課 elective/optional course

基礎(chǔ)課 basic courses

專業(yè)課 specialized courses

課程表 school schedule

教學(xué)大綱 teaching program;syllabus

學(xué)習(xí)年限 period of schooling

學(xué)歷 record of formal schooling

學(xué)分 credit

啟發(fā)式教學(xué) heuristic teaching

人才交流 talent exchange

for higher education

人才戰(zhàn) competition for talented people

商務(wù)英語證書 Business English Certificate(BEC)

適齡兒重入學(xué)率 enrollment rate for children of school age 升學(xué)率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade;enrollment rate 中國特色

京劇 Peking opera

秦腔 Qin opera

功夫Kungfo

太極Tai Chi

口 技 ventriloquism

木偶戲puppet show

皮影戲 shadowplay

折子戲 opera highlights

雜技 acrobatics

相聲 witty dialogue comedy

刺繡 embroidery

蘇繡 Suzhou embroidery

泥人 clay figure

書法 calligraphy

中國畫 traditional Chinese painting

水墨畫 Chinese brush painting

中國結(jié) Chinese knot

中國古代四大發(fā)明 the four great inventions of ancient China

火藥 gunpowder

印刷術(shù)printing

造紙術(shù) paper-making

指南針 the compass

青銅器 bronze ware

瓷器 porcelain;china

唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty

景泰藍cloisonne

秋千swing

武術(shù) martial arts

儒道老莊

儒家思想Confucianism

儒家文化 Confucian culture

道教 Taoism

墨家Mohism

法家 Legalism

佛教 Buddhism

孔子 Confucius

孟子 Mencius

老子 Lao Tzu

莊子 Chuang Tzu

墨子 Mo Tzu

孫子Sun Tzu

象形文字 pictographic characters 古代文獻

文房四寶(筆墨紙觀)the Four Treasures of the Study(brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)

《大學(xué)》The Great Learning

《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean

《論語》The Analects of Confucius

《孟子》The Mencius

《孫子兵法》The Art of War

《三國演義》Three Kingdoms

《西游爺己》Journey to the West

《紅樓夢》Dream of the Red Mansions

《水滸傳》Heroes of the Marshes

《山海經(jīng)》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers

《資治通鑒》History as a Mirror

《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals

《史記》Historical Records

《詩經(jīng)》The Book of Songs

《易經(jīng)》The I Ching;The Book of Changes

《禮記》The Book of Rites

《三字經(jīng)》Three-character Scriptures

風(fēng)水服飾

八股文 eight-part essay

五言絕句 five-character quatrain

七言律詩 seven-character octave

旗袍 cheongsam

中山裝 Chinese tunic suit

唐裝 Tang suit

風(fēng)水 Fengshui;geomantic omen

陽歷 Solar calendar

陰歷 Lunar calendar

閏年 leap year

十二生肖zodiac

節(jié)日詞匯

春節(jié) the Spring Festival

元宵節(jié) the Lantern Festival

清明節(jié) the Tomb-sweeping Day

端午節(jié) the Dragon-boat Festival

中秋節(jié) the Mid-autumn Day

重陽節(jié) the Double-ninth Day

七夕節(jié) the Double-seventh Day

春聯(lián) spring couplets

廟會 temple fair

爆竹 firecracker

年畫(traditional)New Year pictures

壓歲錢 New Year gift-money

舞龍dragon dance

元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings

花燈 festival lantern

燈謎 lantern riddle

舞獅 lion dance

踩高蹺 stilt walking

賽龍舟 dragon boat race

胡同hutong 菜系食品

山東菜 Shandong cuisine

川菜 Sichuan cuisine

粵菜 Canton cuisine

揚州菜 Yangzhou cuisine

月餅 moon cake

年糕 rice cake

油條 deep-fried dough sticks

豆?jié){ soybean milk

饅頭 steamed buns

花卷 steamed twisted rolls

包子 steamed stuffed buns

北京烤鴨 Beijing roast duck

拉面 hand-stretched noodles

餛飩 wonton(dumplings in soup)

豆腐 tofu? bean curd

麻花 fried dough twist

燒餅 clay oven rolls

皮蛋 100-year egg;century egg

蛋炒飯 fried rice with egg

糖葫蘆 tomatoes on sticks

火鍋hot pot

名勝古跡

長城 the Great Wall of China

烽火臺 beacon tower

秦士臺皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang

兵馬俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses

大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda

絲綢之路the Silk Road

敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes

華清池 Huaqing Hot Springs

五臺山"Wutai Mountain

九華山 Jiuhua Mountain

蛾眉山Mount Emei

泰山 Mount Tai

黃山 Mount Huangshan;the Yellow Mountain

故宮 the Imperial Palace

天壇 the Temple of Heaven

午門 Meridian Gate

大運河 Grand Canal

護城河the Moat

回音壁Echo Wall

居庸關(guān) Juyongguan Pass

九龍壁 the Nine Dragon Wall

黃帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi

十三陵 the Ming Tombs

蘇州園林 Suzhou gardens

西湖 West Lake

九寨溝 Jiuzhaigou Valley

日月潭 Sun Moon Lake

布達拉宮Potala Palace

鼓樓 drum tower

四合院 quadrangle;courtyard complex

孔廟 Confucius Temple

樂山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha

十八羅漢 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha

喇嘛L(fēng)ama

第二篇：大學(xué)英語四級翻譯技巧

英語四級六級、三級考試翻譯技巧

句子翻譯的常用技巧

英語和漢語是兩種差異比較大的語言，英語重形合，漢語重 意合。有人把英語句子比喻為“樹木叢生、干枝糾纏的樹林”，脈絡(luò)難析，主次難辨，而把漢語句子比喻為“枝干分明的竹林”，脈絡(luò)清晰，主次易辨。翻譯時，根 據(jù)表達習(xí)慣，英語、漢語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)有時需要進行相應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)換。英漢語復(fù)合句中主句和從句之間的時間順序和邏輯順序也不完全一致，因此，翻譯時，也時常需要根 據(jù)表達習(xí)慣，對句序進行相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。恒星英語學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代翻譯理論認為，句子是最重要的翻譯單位。大學(xué)英語四級考試中的翻譯題型也是以句子翻譯為主?？忌绻軌蚴炀氄莆站渥臃g的基本方法，那么對于處理四級考試中的句子翻譯題必將是如虎添翼。本期著重介紹常用的句子翻譯方法：正反、反正表達法，分句、合句法。

正反、反正表達法

由于民族文化和思維方式不同，英漢兩種語言在表達同一概念時所采用的方式就有所不同。在表達否定概念時，英語和漢語使用的詞匯、語法、語言邏輯就有很大的差 異。漢語中有些詞、短語或者句子是從反面表達的，而譯成英語時則需要從正面進行表達，如例

1、例

2、例3。反之，漢語中有些從正面表達的詞、短語或者句 子，譯成英語時需要從反面進行表達，如例

4、例

5、例6。此外，漢語還有一些特殊的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，如雙重否定（例7）、否定轉(zhuǎn)移（例8）在譯成英語時也需要引起我們的注意。

I.漢語從反面表達，譯文從正面表達

例1：他提出的論據(jù)相當不充實。

譯文：The argument he put forward is pretty thin.（詞）

例2：我們確信，年輕一代將不會辜負我們的信任。

譯文：We are confident that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust.（短語）例3：他七十歲了，可是并不顯老。

譯文：He was 70，but he carried his years lightly.（句子）

II.漢語從正面表達，譯文從反面表達

例4：他這個人優(yōu)柔寡斷，而且總是反復(fù)無常。

譯文：He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.（詞）

例5：調(diào)查結(jié)果清清楚楚地顯示病人死于心臟病。

譯文：The investigation left no doubt that the patient had died of heart disease.（短語）例6：這類舉動遲早會被人發(fā)覺的。恒星英語學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)

第三篇：大學(xué)英語四級翻譯作文

1． 中國酒文化 Chinese Wine Culture

中國人在7000年以前就開始用谷物釀酒?？偟膩碚f，不管是古代還是現(xiàn)代，酒都和中國文化息息相關(guān)。長久以來，中國的酒文化在人們生活中一直扮演著重要的角色。我們的祖先在寫詩時以酒助興，在宴會中和親朋好友敬酒。作為一種文化形式，酒文化也是普通百姓生活中不可分割的部分，比如生日宴會、送別晚宴、婚禮慶典等。

Chinese people began to make spirits with grains seven thousand years ago.Generally speaking，wine has a close connection with culture in China in both ancient and modern times.Chinese wine culture has been playing a quite important role in Chinese people''s life for a long time.Our Chinese ancestors used wine to enjoy themselves while writing poetry, or to make a toast（敬酒）to their relatives and friends during a feast（宴會）.Wine culture, as a kind of culture form, is also an inseparable（不可分割的）part in the life of ordinary Chinese people such as birthday party, farewell（送別）dinner, wedding, and so on..2.中國書法Chinese Calligraphy

中國書法歷史悠久，它不僅是漢字的傳統(tǒng)書寫形式，也是體現(xiàn)自我修養(yǎng)和自我表達的藝術(shù)。作者的內(nèi)心世界通過美妙的字體得以體現(xiàn)。書法在中國藝術(shù)中擁有舉足輕重的地位，因為它影響到了其它的中國藝術(shù)形式，比如古典詩歌、雕塑、傳統(tǒng)音樂及舞蹈、建筑及手工藝品。作為傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)瑰寶，中國書法被全世界人民所喜愛，且越來越受到歡迎。

Chinese calligraphy is not only a traditional Chinese characters writing with a long history, but also an art of self-cultivation and self-expression.Inner world of the writer could be reflected with the help of beautiful Chinese script.Chinese calligraphy plays an important role in Chinese art, for it has influenced other Chinese artistic forms like classical poetry, sculpture, traditional music and dance, architecture and handicrafts.As a treasured artistic form of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy is enjoyed by people throughout the world and is becoming more and more popular.3。中國山水畫Landscape Painting

山水畫一直以來都被譽為中國繪畫的最高境界。它品味高端，很受歡迎。一般意義上，中國山水畫被認為是書法、繪畫及詩歌的結(jié)合或延伸。漢語“山水”這個詞由“山”和“水”兩個漢字組成，且與道教的哲學(xué)思想相聯(lián)系，它強調(diào)的是人與自然的和諧。中國畫家描繪的并不總是真實的世界，他們呈現(xiàn)的是自己想象出來的風(fēng)景，這些風(fēng)景不再只是對眼前世界的描繪，而是畫家內(nèi)在思想的寫照。因此，人們認為欣賞山水畫除了可以很好地了解畫家的內(nèi)心世界之外，還可以凈化自己的靈魂。

Landscape painting is traditionally considered as the highest form of Chinese painting styles.It is very popular and is associated with refined scholarly taste.Chinese Landscape painting in general is seen as a combination or extension of calligraphy, painting, and poetry.The Chinese term for “l(fā)andscape” is made up of two characters meaning “mountains and water”.It is linked with the philosophy of Daoism, which emphasizes harmony with the natural world.Chinese artists do not usually paint real place but imaginary landscape which is no longer about the description of the visible world, but a means of conveying the inner mind.People therefore believe that looking at landscape painting is a good way to realize the artist’s inner heart as well as a way to purify their souls.4。中國戲曲 Chinese Opera

在中國，戲曲是一種很流行的戲劇形式，一般來說，可以追溯到唐朝時期，當時的皇帝唐玄宗創(chuàng)立了“梨園”。如今，許多外國人也很喜歡中國的戲曲。最吸引他們的則是戲曲的獨有風(fēng)格—畫臉譜，它不僅是戲曲中的一大亮點，同時還要求獨特的繪畫技藝。每個演員臉上夸張的扮相代表其扮演角色的性格和命運。熟知戲曲的觀眾通過觀察演員的臉譜和服裝就可以知道角色背后的故事。通常，紅色臉譜代表忠誠與勇敢;黑色代表兇猛;黃色和白色代表口是心非;金色和銀色代表神秘。7對于中國人，特別是老年人，欣賞戲曲是他們的一大樂趣。

Chinese opera is a popular form of drama in China.In general, it dates back to the Tang Dynasty with Emperor Xuanzong, who founded the “Pear Garden”.Now Chinese opera is warmly welcomed by many foreign people.What appeals foreigners most might be the distinctive style of facial make-up, which is one of the highlights and requires distinctive techniques of painting.Exaggerated designs are painted on each performer''''''''s face to symbolize a character''''''''s personality, and fate.Audiences who are familiar with opera can know the story by observing the facial painting as well as the costumes.Generally, a red face represents loyalty and bravery;a black face, rough;yellow and white faces, duplicity;and golden and silver faces, mystery.For Chinese, especially older folks, to listen to opera is a real pleasure.5。京劇 Peking Opera

京劇是中國的一種傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)。它是中國戲曲的一種，誕生于于1790年四大徽班(Four Great Anhui Troupes)入京表演的時候。19世紀中期得到快速發(fā)展，到清朝達到全盛階段。京劇被看成是中國的文化瑰寶之一。雖然它被稱為京劇，但是它的起源地卻是中國的安徽省和湖北省。京劇起初是一種宮廷表演藝術(shù)，而后才慢慢普及到民間。在數(shù)百年前，京劇作為一種新的戲曲形式，無論在哪里進行表演，都飽受歡迎。而在現(xiàn)代社會中，包括京劇在內(nèi)的傳統(tǒng)戲曲卻不大能被年輕人接受，面臨著巨大的生存危機。

Peking opera is a traditional art in China.It is a kind of Chinese opera which was born when the Four Great Anhui Troupes came to Beijing in 1790, arose in the mid-19th century and was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty.Peking opera is widely regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China.Although it is called Beijing opera, its origins are in the Chinese provinces of Anhui and Hubei.Peking opera was originally staged for the court and came into the public later.Hundreds of years ago, as a new drama form, wherever it was performed, it would be warmly welcomed..Unfortunately, in the modern world, traditional operas including Peking Opera have to face the existential crisis, because they are not easily accepted by younger generations.6。昆曲Kunqu Opera

昆曲是中國古老戲曲中的一種，起源于江蘇昆山，擁有600多年的歷史。它是連接過去與現(xiàn)在，中國與世界的紐帶，對現(xiàn)今中國的戲曲形式，包括川劇與京劇在內(nèi)，都產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。昆曲蘊含了各種意象美，從音樂、舞蹈到詩歌，人們的精神世界甚至中國人的靈魂，都有所體現(xiàn)。正因為如此，昆曲在過去廣受歡迎，也成了中國文化遺產(chǎn)中最珍貴的部分。但是現(xiàn)在，昆曲不僅面臨著來自大眾流行文化的挑戰(zhàn)，而且年輕人也對其缺乏興趣。只有進行適當?shù)谋Ｗo，昆曲才能擁有美好的未來。

Kunqu Opera, which originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu province, is one of China’s classical operas with a history of more than 600 years.Kunqu Opera serves as a link between past and present, China and the world.It has exerted a dominant influence on recent forms of opera in China, including the Sichuan and Beijing operas.Kunqu Opera embraced every imaginable beauty, from music and dance, to poetry and people’s spirit world and even very soul of the Chinese nation, so that Kunqu Opera was so popular in the past and became the most valuable parts of China’s cultural heritage.But now, Kunqu Opera is facing competition from mass culture and a lack of interest amongst the young.It can only have a bright future when it is protected in a proper way.7．唐詩Poems of the Tang Dynasty

唐代，是中國古典詩歌的鼎盛時期，在不到300年的時間里，涌現(xiàn)出了許多著名的詩人和詩作。清朝時編輯的《全唐詩》(Poems of the Tang Dynasty)已收錄2200多位詩人創(chuàng)作的48900多首詩歌。這些詩歌讓人們深入了解到當時社會生活的各個方面。中國人很喜歡唐詩，就連小孩子也能背出幾首，如李白的《靜夜思》(Thoughts in the Silent Night)，杜甫的《春夜喜雨》(Good Rain on a Spring Night)等等。唐詩不僅是中國古代文學(xué)史上最光輝的一頁，而且也是人類文化史中的一個奇跡。

The Tang Dynasty witnessed the peak of Chinese ancient poetry, with many renowned poets and famous works appearing over a period of less than 300 years.Poems of the Tang Dynasty edited during the Qing Dynasty has collected more than 48,900 poems written by over 2,200 poets.These poems provide an insight into all aspects of the social life of the period.Chinese people are very fond of Tang poetry, and even children can recite some from memory, such as Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai, Good Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu, etc.Tang poetry not only serves as a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature, but is also a miracle in the history of human culture.8。唐詩Poems of the Tang Dynasty

唐代，是中國古典詩歌的鼎盛時期，在不到300年的時間里，涌現(xiàn)出了許多著名的詩人和詩作。清朝時編輯的《全唐詩》(Poems of the Tang Dynasty)已收錄2200多位詩人創(chuàng)作的48900多首詩歌。這些詩歌讓人們深入了解到當時社會生活的各個方面。中國人很喜歡唐詩，就連小孩子也能背出幾首，如李白的《靜夜思》(Thoughts in the Silent Night)，杜甫的《春夜喜雨》(Good Rain on a Spring Night)等等。唐詩不僅是中國古代文學(xué)史上最光輝的一頁，而且也是人類文化史中的一個奇跡。

The Tang Dynasty witnessed the peak of Chinese ancient poetry, with many renowned poets and famous works appearing over a period of less than 300 years.Poems of the Tang Dynasty edited during the Qing Dynasty has collected more than 48,900 poems written by over 2,200 poets.These poems provide an insight into all aspects of the social life of the period.Chinese people are very fond of Tang poetry, and even children can recite some from memory, such as Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai, Good Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu, etc.Tang poetry not only serves as a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature, but is also a miracle in the history of human culture.9。長城The Great Wall

長城，作為中國的象征之一，不僅是中國的奇跡，也是整個世界的奇跡。它始建于春秋戰(zhàn)國時期，秦始皇統(tǒng)一中國后，連結(jié)了各段長城以抵御外敵入侵?，F(xiàn)存的長城遺跡主要為建于14世紀的明長城。長城有著兩千多年的歷史，于1987年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn)?，F(xiàn)如今，長城仍是世界上最受歡迎的景點之一。

As one of the symbols of China, the Great Wall is a wonder not only to China but also to the whole world.The Great Wall was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.After the unification of China, the first Emperor of Qin linked up different sections of the walls to prevent the invasion of the enemies.The present preserved Great Wall of China is the major parts built in the 14th century, called Ming Great Wall.With a long history of more than 2,000 years, the Great Wall of China was listed as World Heritage by UNESCO in 1987.Until now, the Great Wall is still one of the most popular attractions in the world.10。故宮The Imperial Palace

故宮又名紫禁城，位于北京市中心，占地面積72萬平方米。它擁有眾多的庭院，四面有高墻和護城河保護。明清兩代的皇帝和他們的家眷以及數(shù)百名宮女、太監(jiān)曾在這里居住。紫禁城于明朝1420年建成，普通百姓不能進入。在1924年清朝末代皇帝被逐出故宮后，故宮于1925年變成了故宮博物院并對外開放。

Standing/Lying in the center of Beijing, the Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, covers an area of 720,000 square meters.It consists of dozens of courtyards and is protected by high walls and a moat on all four sides.The emperors of two dynasties, the Ming and the Qing, lived here with their families and hundreds of court ladies and palace eunuchs.The Forbidden City was completed in 1420 during the Ming Dynasty, which was not accessible to the common people.The Palace was converted into a museum in 1925 and has been open to the public after the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty was driven out of the Palace in 1924.We often keep hearing such a saying, “Never give up.” It can be an inspiring term and expression of determination.One who trust it will try to reach his aim no matter how many times he fails.As for me, determining to succeed is a valuable quality to own.Consequently, I am convinced that we should never give up halfway.One reason is that provided that we abandon too easily, we could hardly realize anything.It is usual for us to fail in our first attempt at something new, so we shouldn’t feel depressed and should try once more.In addition, if we always give up easily when we fail, we will not be able to obtain new skills.Another reason we should never abandon is that we can learn a lesson from our errors.If we do not try once again, the lesson we have gotten is squandered（浪費）.At last, we should never give up in that as we try our best to realize our goals, we are becoming more confident, and this confidence can grant（授予，給）us succeed in other fields（領(lǐng)域）of daily life.In a word, it is essential（必要的）that we do not give up when struggling for our targets.Whether we succeed at last or not, we will learn something, and what we know will help us to become better, more confident.Furthermore（此外）, if we give up halfway, we have no opportunities of achieving our goals, but if we keep trying, there is always a chance that we will succeed in the future.【參考譯文】

我們經(jīng)常不斷地聽到這樣一句說法，“不要放棄”。它是一個令人鼓舞而又充滿決心的說法。相信此話的人無論失敗多少次都會竭盡全力去實現(xiàn)自己的目標。我認為，下定決心去取得成功是我們具備的一個寶貴的品質(zhì)。因此，我堅信我不應(yīng)該半途而廢。

其中原因之一是如果我們輕言放棄，那么我們不可能實現(xiàn)任何事情。在我們首次償試新事物失敗的話這是很常見的事，因此我們不應(yīng)該感到沮喪，而是應(yīng)該重振其鼓再次償試。此外，如果我們一失敗就輕言放棄，那就不可能獲得新的技能。不應(yīng)該放棄的另外一個原因是我們可以從失敗當中吸取教訓(xùn)。如果我們不去再次償試，我們得到的經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)也沒有用武之地。最后，不該放棄的又一個原因是當我們盡力去實現(xiàn)目標時，我們會變得更加自信，這種自信能夠讓我們在生活的其它領(lǐng)域獲得成功。

總之，當我們?yōu)槟繕硕吨T努力時，不去輕言放棄是非常重要的。不管最終我們是否會成功，我們總會學(xué)到一些東西。掌握的這些內(nèi)容會幫助我們變得更好，更自信。此外，如果我們半途而廢了，我們就沒有機會去實現(xiàn)目標，但是如果我們不斷償試，那將來我們一定會有機會取得成功

Uncivilized Tourists（不文明游客）

Recently, there is a popular saying: the world is so large that I want to have a look!As more and more people travel around during their holidays, tourists have brought large sum of（大量的）money to the local people.However, too many tourists also bring some problems to the local life.The most serious problem is the pollution caused by the uncivilized tourists.It’s reported that there were thousands of tons of（許多的）rubbish left after the flag-raising ceremony（升旗儀式）on Oct.1st.The uncivilized tourists left their rubbish wherever they go, polluting the local environment.Another problem is the traffic jam（交通阻塞）caused by so many tourists.Tourist can promote the economic development of the local areas, but the pollution caused by those uncivilized tourists has brought severe（嚴峻的）problems.The local tourist authority should set up relative（相關(guān)的）laws to protect the environment of the local areas, and every tourist obey（遵守）the laws and help to（有助于）make the places of tourist more beautiful!We Shouldn't Totally Turn to the Internet

Nowadays, Internet has become an indispensable（不可缺少的）part in our life, and we use it for various purposes, such as searching useful information and chatting online.However, now more and more people turn to the Internet for help whenever they have trouble in finding solutions to their problems, and this phenomenon has aroused（喚醒）the public's attention.Relying on the Internet to solve all our difficulties can have bad impacts（影響）on us.On one hand, since we can always settle the troubles by searching solutions online, we can become very lazy and don't bother to think up answers by ourselves, which can hinder（阻礙）the development of creative thinking.On the other hand, the answers online may be inaccurate or wrong.If we use them without thinking the credibility（正確性）of them, we may make serious mistakes someday.As far as I'm concerned, we shouldn't completely depend on the Internet to settle problems.When we come across some difficulties, we’d better try our best to find possible solutions.If we make great efforts and still can't come up with an answer, then we can surf online to search solutions.But we should question the correctness of these answers before we adopt（采納）them.

第四篇：大學(xué)英語四級翻譯三部曲

新東方在線 [004km.cn ]網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂電子教材系列

大學(xué)英語四級翻譯三部曲

自2013年12月起，全國大學(xué)英語四、六級考試委員會將對四、六級考試的試卷結(jié)構(gòu)和測試題型作局部調(diào)整，其中取消了原題型中的綜合部分，并將原來的單句漢譯英調(diào)整為段落漢譯英，占考試比例的15%。新四級考試大綱規(guī)定翻譯內(nèi)容涉及中國的歷史、文化、經(jīng)濟、社會發(fā)展等，長度為140-160個漢字。主要是考察學(xué)生運用漢譯英基本的理論與技巧，在30分鐘內(nèi)將要求譯出的部分譯完，譯文要求忠實原文，語言表達通順流暢。

一、翻譯的標準：

1.譯文應(yīng)該完整地再現(xiàn)原文內(nèi)容

2.譯文的風(fēng)格、筆調(diào)應(yīng)與原文性質(zhì)相同

3.譯文應(yīng)像原文一樣流暢自然

二、翻譯三部曲：

1.通讀并透徹理解原文漢語句子，確定語法成分和句型。

考生不應(yīng)該將漢語部分直接翻譯成英語，而是要首先閱讀整個段落，確定要求翻譯的句子在整個英語段落中的語法成分和句型結(jié)構(gòu)。

確定語法成分以后，考生要有意識地審查時態(tài)，要特別注意句中的時間狀語，并對照段落的時態(tài)。在翻譯中常見時態(tài)有：一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現(xiàn)在完成時等。此外，還應(yīng)該根據(jù)漢語意思推斷出題人想考查的語法或詞匯項目，避免將漢語詞匯逐個機械地翻譯成英語的情況。

例如：中國剪紙有一千五百多年的歷史，在明朝和清朝時期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)特別流行。

分析：前半句話應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時，而后半句則應(yīng)該用一般過去時，因為講的明清時代的事情。漢語中一般會省略主語，在翻譯英語時一定要將省略的主語補充上。再有英語中的逗號與中文的逗號意義不同，因此譯成英語時要慎用逗號。

譯文：Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1，500 years.It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.2.付諸筆墨，保證拼寫無誤

經(jīng)過仔細的斟酌以后，真正的翻譯工作就變得簡單得多，但對很多考生來說單詞的拼寫是一大難題，因此考生應(yīng)該在確保關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)無誤的前提下盡量選用自己有把握的單詞和短語。

例如：人們常用剪紙美化居家環(huán)境。新東方在線 [004km.cn ]網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂電子教材系列

分析：考生在翻譯“美化居家環(huán)境”時，不會翻譯“美化”，可以選擇自己會的短語“make sth.beautiful”。

譯文1：People often make their homes beautiful with paper cuttings.譯文2：People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings.3.重新審視，確認句法合理

在檢查的時候，考生應(yīng)該確認自己翻譯的內(nèi)容與其他句子共同構(gòu)成了一個語法正確達意清晰的句子。在這一階段，考生還應(yīng)該重點檢查時態(tài)、語態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)、拼寫、大小寫、標點符號、冠詞和代詞的使用以及主謂一致的等問題。

三、翻譯的應(yīng)試技巧：

1.恰當選詞

在漢譯英題型中，考生應(yīng)注意恰當詞語的選擇。首先要盡量避免過于籠統(tǒng)的詞語，選用其下義詞或更確切的詞語。

2.中英文句式之間的對應(yīng)與轉(zhuǎn)換

有些中文句子結(jié)構(gòu)與含義可以對應(yīng)英文中的某些句型。若考生可以恰當使用這些句型，可達到事半功倍的效果。

3.語態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換

通常中文中的主語過于寬泛的時候，如“人們”，“別人”“這”等等，都可以轉(zhuǎn)化成英文的被動語態(tài)，省略原來的主語。

例如：現(xiàn)在必須采取措施來保護環(huán)境。

譯文：Measures should be adopted(taken)to protect the environment.4.詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換

1)名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成動詞

例如：改革開放政策受到了全中國人民的擁護。(“擁護”是名詞)

譯文：The reform and opening policy is supported by the whole Chinese people.(“support”是動詞)

2)動詞轉(zhuǎn)化成名詞 新東方在線 [004km.cn ]網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂電子教材系列

例如：他善于觀察。(“觀察”是動詞)

譯文：He is a good observer.(“observer”是名詞)

3)名詞轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞

例如：這件事成功的可能性很小。(“可能性”是名詞)

譯文：It is unlikely to succeed.(“unlikely”是形容詞)

4)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化成名詞

例如：在這緊張的時刻他感到非常緊張。(“緊張的”是形容詞)

譯文：The intensity of the moment filled his mind with intensity.(“intensity”是名詞)

考生要把一段中文翻譯成語言通順的英語，不僅需要考生的單詞量和單詞拼寫能力，而且語法也很重要了。因此，考生在準備四級翻譯時除了注意相關(guān)詞匯和短語的積累外，還應(yīng)該注重基本語法的知識的積累。

第五篇：大學(xué)英語四級詞匯 之 (N)

大學(xué)英語四級詞匯 之（N）

no longer nail

['l??g?]

不再

niece [ni:s]n.侄女，外甥女 night [nait]n.夜，夜間 nightmare nine

['naitme?]

n.惡夢；經(jīng)常的恐懼，可怕的事物

[neil]n.釘；指甲 v.釘，釘住

a.裸體的，毫無遮掩

n.名字，名稱，名義 v.命名，取名；說出 ad.即，換句話說

naked ['neikid]name ['neim]namely ['neimli]nap

[nain]n.九

[?nain'ti:n]n.&a.十九

n.九十

a.第九 n.九分之一

nineteen

[n?p]n.小睡，打盹

a.狹(窄)的，狹隘的a.骯臟的，卑劣的，下流的；惡意的，險惡的 ninety ['nainti]ninth [nainθ]nitrogen narrow ['n?r?u]nasty ['nɑ:sti]['naitr?d??n]n.氮

nation ['nei??n]n.民族，國家

national ['n???nl]a.民族的，國家的，國民的nationality

[?n???'n?liti]n.國籍，民族

native ['neitiv]a.本國的，本地的，土生的 n.本地人 natural ['n?t??r?l]a.自然界的，天然的；自然的，天生的 naturally

['n?t??r?li]ad.自然而然地，不做作地，當然

nature ['neit??]n.自然，自然界；天性，本性，性質(zhì)

naughty

['n?:ti]a.頑皮的，淘氣的naval ['neiv?l]a.海軍的，軍艦的，船的navigation

[?n?vi'gei??n]

n.領(lǐng)航；航空，航海；水上運輸navy ['neivi]n.海軍

near

[ni?]ad.&a.近，接近prep.靠近，在...近旁

nearby ['ni?bai]a.&ad.附近prep.在...附近nearly ['ni?li]ad.差不多，幾乎

neat

[ni:t]a.整潔的，簡潔的；優(yōu)美的，精致的necessarily ['nesis?rili]ad.必然，必定 necessary ['nesis?ri]a.必須的，必要的，必然的 n.必需品 necessity

[ni'sesiti]

n.必要性，必然性；必需品

neck [nek]n.頸，脖子 necklace

['neklis]

n.項鏈，項圈

need [ni:d]n.必須，需要；貧困，困窘 v.需要，必須 needle ['ni:dl]n.針，指針，針狀物

needless ['ni:dl?s]a.不需要的negative

['neg?tiv]

a.否定的，消極的，反面的neglect [ni'glekt]v.&n.忽視，忽略，疏忽 negotiate

[ni'g?u?ieit]vt.談判達成，洽談 vi.(與人就...)交涉

Negro ['ni:gr?u]n.黑人 a.黑人的neighbor ['neib?]n.鄰居 neighbour

['neib?]

n.鄰居

neighborhood ['neib?hud]n.鄰居，附近，周圍；鄰居關(guān)系 neighbourhood

['neib?hud]n.鄰居，附近，周圍；鄰居關(guān)系neither ['naie?, 'ni:e?]a.&pron.兩者都不，(兩者)沒有一個

nephew

['nevju:, 'n?fju]

n.侄子，外甥

nerve [n?:v]n.神經(jīng)；勇氣，膽量，沉著，果斷 nervous ['n?:v?s]

a.神經(jīng)的；神經(jīng)過敏的，緊張不安的nest [nest]n.巢，窩

net

[net]n.網(wǎng)，網(wǎng)狀物 a.凈，純凈的network ['netw?:k]

n.網(wǎng)絡(luò)，廣播網(wǎng)，關(guān)系網(wǎng)

neutral ['nju:tr?l]a.中立的，中性的 never ['nev?]

ad.從不，決不，永不

nevertheless [?nev?e?'les]conj.然而，不過 ad.仍然，不過new

[nju:]a.新的，新近的；不熟悉的，沒經(jīng)驗的newly ['nju:li]ad.新近，最近，重新 news [nju:z]n.新聞，消息

newspaper ['nju:s?peip?]

n.報紙，報

next [nekst]ad.其次，然后 a.緊接的，其次的，貼近的 nice

['nais]

a.好的，美的，令人愉快的no

[n?u]ad.不，不是 a.沒有，并非，不許

no longer

['l??g?]

不再

noble ['n?ub?l]a.貴族的，高尚的nobody ['n?ub?di]

pron.沒有人，誰也不；小人物

nod

[n?d]v.&n.點頭，點頭招呼；打盹，瞌睡

noise [n?iz]n.噪聲，吵嚷聲，雜間 noisy ['n?izi]

a.吵鬧的，喧鬧的none [n?n]pron.沒有人，沒有任何東西；任何人都不 nonsense

['n?ns?ns]

n.胡說，廢話

noodle ['nu:dl]

n.面條

noon [nu:n]n.正午，中午 nor

[n?:]conj.也不，又不

normal ['n?:m?l]a.正常的，正規(guī)的，標準的normally

['n?:m?li]

ad.正常地，一般地

north [n?:θ]a.&n.北，北方 ad.在北方，向北方 northeast [?n?:θ'i:st]a.&n.東北，東北部 ad.在東北，向東北 northern ['n?:e?n]

a.北的，北方的northwest

[?n?:θ'west]a.&n.西北，西北部 ad.在西北，向西北

nose [n?uz]n.鼻子；突出部分

not [n?t]ad.不

note

[n?ut]n.筆記，便條；注釋，評論；鈔票 v.注意

notebook ['n?utbuk]n.筆記本

nothing

['n?θi?]

n.沒有東西，什么也沒有；無，零 ad.毫不notice ['n?utis]v.看到，注意到 n.通知，布告；注意，認識

noticeable

['n?utis?b?l]a.顯而易見的，值得注意的notify ['n?utifai]vt.(正式)通知，報告 notion ['n?u??n]n.觀念，概念，想法 noun [naun]n.名詞 novel ['n?v?l]n.長篇小說

November [n?u'vemb?]n.十一月

now

[nau]ad.現(xiàn)在，如今，目前；當時，于是，然后

nowadays ['nau?deiz]ad.現(xiàn)今，現(xiàn)在 nowhere

['n?uwe?]

ad.任何地方都不(沒有)

nuclear ['nju:kli?]a.原子核的，核心的，核的nuisance ['nju:s?ns]n.麻煩事，討厭的人(或事)number ['n?mb?]

n.數(shù)，數(shù)字，數(shù)目，號碼

numerous

['nju:m?r?s]a.數(shù)多的，大批的，無數(shù)的nurse [n?:s]n.保姆，護士，保育員 v.護理，養(yǎng)育，喂奶 nursery ['n?:s?ri]

n.托兒所，保育室

nut

[n?t]n.堅果

nylon ['nail?n]n.尼龍