第一篇：各種應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作格式集錦

常用應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作格式

一、“通知”的寫(xiě)作格式

通知的功能：

通知適用于批轉(zhuǎn)下級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)的公文，轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)上級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)和不相隸屬機(jī)關(guān)的公文。傳達(dá)要求下級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)辦理和需要有關(guān)單位周知或者執(zhí)行的事項(xiàng)，任免人員。這里主要介紹的是指示性通知和告知性通知兩種。通知的寫(xiě)法：

1、標(biāo)題：第一行居中寫(xiě)明“通知”或“關(guān)于XX 的通知”。

發(fā)文機(jī)關(guān)+事由+文種，如：《××省關(guān)于進(jìn)一步做好城市蔬菜產(chǎn)銷(xiāo)工作的通知》； 事由+文種，如：《關(guān)于召開(kāi)省屬高校檔案工作會(huì)議的通知》。

2、換行頂格寫(xiě)明被通知方的名稱(chēng)，后用冒號(hào)。

3、正文：另起一行空兩格寫(xiě)通知內(nèi)容，如會(huì)議通知包括會(huì)議內(nèi)容、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、出席對(duì)象和有關(guān)準(zhǔn)備事項(xiàng)等。

正文一般由三部分組成。

第一部分是對(duì)通知事項(xiàng)的總體概括，按照具體通知的需要應(yīng)交代清楚通知事項(xiàng)的背景、原因、以及它所依據(jù)的政策和文件等，即寫(xiě)明為何要制發(fā)該通知。然后以“現(xiàn)將有關(guān)事項(xiàng)通知如下”的過(guò)渡語(yǔ)引出第二部分；

第二部分是寫(xiě)明通知事項(xiàng)，包括具體的要求和安排。這部分的寫(xiě)作可采用條款形式，做到條理清晰。如需提出要求，要求的內(nèi)容應(yīng)根據(jù)制發(fā)的單位達(dá)到相應(yīng)的高度。

第三部分是對(duì)通知接受單位的要求和希望。這部分通常采用“特此通知，望??認(rèn)真執(zhí)行”的形式，也可直接以“特此通知”作結(jié)語(yǔ)。

4、如有文件、圖表類(lèi)附件，應(yīng)在正文后隔一行，按照所附文件的順序?qū)懨魑募拿Q(chēng)。

5、落款：在正文之后的右下角寫(xiě)明制發(fā)該通知的機(jī)關(guān)名稱(chēng)，如果在標(biāo)題中已經(jīng)標(biāo)明制發(fā)機(jī)關(guān)名稱(chēng)的，此處可以省去。正文下一行的右下方寫(xiě)發(fā)出通知的單位或組織

6、日期：即在落款的下面寫(xiě)明制發(fā)此通知的年、月、日，寫(xiě)在署名下一行的右邊。

“請(qǐng)示”的寫(xiě)作格式

請(qǐng)示的功能：

是向上級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)請(qǐng)求指示、批準(zhǔn)時(shí)使用的請(qǐng)求性上行文。行文目的主要是對(duì)有關(guān)事項(xiàng)、問(wèn)題等，請(qǐng)求上級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)給予明確及時(shí)的指示和批準(zhǔn)，以便于辦理、解決、開(kāi)展工作。請(qǐng)示的寫(xiě)法：（1）標(biāo)題：

發(fā)文機(jī)關(guān)+事由+文種，如《**部關(guān)于申請(qǐng)資金的請(qǐng)示》； 事由+文種，如《關(guān)于清理整頓社會(huì)集團(tuán)的請(qǐng)示》（2）正文： 第一部分，寫(xiě)明請(qǐng)示的原因、背景、依據(jù)和理由。這是行文的重點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)示的問(wèn)題和事項(xiàng)能否得到上級(jí)的批準(zhǔn)，很大程度上取決于請(qǐng)示的理由是否充分、是否具有說(shuō)服力。因此，該部分的寫(xiě)作應(yīng)盡量突出請(qǐng)示事項(xiàng)和問(wèn)題的重要性和必要性。第二部分，寫(xiě)明請(qǐng)示的內(nèi)容，即請(qǐng)示的事項(xiàng)和問(wèn)題。這部分的寫(xiě)作必須具體、清楚、一目了然。

最后，以“以上請(qǐng)示當(dāng)否，請(qǐng)批示”，“妥否，請(qǐng)批復(fù)”為結(jié)語(yǔ)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，求閱性的請(qǐng)示用“請(qǐng)批示”，求準(zhǔn)性的請(qǐng)示則用“請(qǐng)批復(fù)”或“請(qǐng)批準(zhǔn)”。

根據(jù)需要，以上第一和第二部分的順序也可調(diào)換，即先寫(xiě)清請(qǐng)示的事項(xiàng)，再表明請(qǐng)示的原因和依據(jù)。（3）如有文件、圖表類(lèi)附件，應(yīng)在正文后隔一行，按照所附文件的順序?qū)懨魑募拿Q(chēng)。

（4）落款：在正文之后的右下角寫(xiě)明請(qǐng)示單位的機(jī)關(guān)名稱(chēng)，如果在標(biāo)題中已經(jīng)標(biāo)明機(jī)關(guān)名稱(chēng)的，此處可以省去。（5）日期：即在落款的下面寫(xiě)明制發(fā)此通知的年、月、日。

（6）請(qǐng)示不同于其他文種的格式在于，在落款和日期后，應(yīng)用括號(hào)注明請(qǐng)示單位的聯(lián)系人和聯(lián)系方式。

請(qǐng)示（翻碩專(zhuān)業(yè)擴(kuò)招）

一般由標(biāo)題、主送機(jī)關(guān)、正文、落款四個(gè)部分組成。如：

申請(qǐng)書(shū)（重點(diǎn)）

申請(qǐng)書(shū)是個(gè)人或集體向組織表達(dá)愿望，向機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體、單位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)提出請(qǐng)求時(shí)寫(xiě)的一種書(shū)信。申請(qǐng)書(shū)應(yīng)把該寫(xiě)的問(wèn)題寫(xiě)清楚，但要注意精練。申請(qǐng)書(shū)一般是一事一書(shū)，如：“入團(tuán)申請(qǐng)書(shū)”、“開(kāi)業(yè)申請(qǐng)書(shū)”等。申請(qǐng)書(shū)格式

（1）標(biāo)題：第一行居中寫(xiě)明“申請(qǐng)”或“XXX申請(qǐng)”，加上標(biāo)明性質(zhì)的字樣。（2）稱(chēng)呼：換行頂格寫(xiě)接收申請(qǐng)書(shū)的單位名稱(chēng)或領(lǐng)導(dǎo)同志姓名，后用冒號(hào)。

（3）正文：另起一行空兩格寫(xiě)申請(qǐng)內(nèi)容。內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括三個(gè)方面：第一，申請(qǐng)什么，要求批準(zhǔn)什么；第二，提出申請(qǐng)的目的和理由；第三，表明自己的態(tài)度（或決心、愿望等）。（4）結(jié)尾：寫(xiě)表示敬意之類(lèi)的專(zhuān)用語(yǔ)。（5）署名。（6）日期。

申請(qǐng)書(shū)與請(qǐng)柬、感謝信、倡議書(shū)等屬于專(zhuān)用信。申請(qǐng)書(shū)除第一行居中寫(xiě)申請(qǐng)名稱(chēng)外，其于部分與一般書(shū)信的格式一樣。請(qǐng)求的事情一定要寫(xiě)明確，理由要充分，言辭也要懇切。

調(diào)查情況表制作

會(huì)議紀(jì)要

會(huì)議紀(jì)要：是用于記載、傳達(dá)會(huì)議情況和議定事項(xiàng)的公文。會(huì)議紀(jì)要不同于會(huì)議記錄。會(huì)議紀(jì)要對(duì)企事業(yè)單位、機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體都適用。

【格式內(nèi)容】

1、標(biāo)題。由“會(huì)議名稱(chēng)+會(huì)議紀(jì)要”構(gòu)成。

2、導(dǎo)言。介紹會(huì)議召開(kāi)的基本情況，如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，參加人，討論的問(wèn)題。

3、會(huì)議的成果及議定的事項(xiàng)。應(yīng)逐項(xiàng)列出。

4、希望。

“報(bào)告”的寫(xiě)作格式

報(bào)告的功能：

適用于向上級(jí)匯報(bào)工作、反映情況，答復(fù)上級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)的詢問(wèn)。報(bào)告的種類(lèi)主要包括綜合性工作報(bào)告、情況報(bào)告、答復(fù)報(bào)告等。工作報(bào)告主要用于匯報(bào)工作的進(jìn)展；情況報(bào)告用于介紹經(jīng)驗(yàn)、提出問(wèn)題；答復(fù)報(bào)告用于答復(fù)上級(jí)詢問(wèn)或呈送（報(bào)）一些物件。

報(bào)告的寫(xiě)法：

（1）綜合性工作報(bào)告：其結(jié)構(gòu)主要包括工作情況概述、主要成績(jī)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)或重大進(jìn)展情況、體會(huì)、存在問(wèn)題和今后努力的方向。

這類(lèi)報(bào)告的寫(xiě)法一是單項(xiàng)分類(lèi)寫(xiě)作。將所要匯報(bào)的各方面的情況逐項(xiàng)寫(xiě)清，每項(xiàng)單獨(dú)成一段，可根據(jù)需要加上序號(hào)或小標(biāo)題。二是綜合分類(lèi)寫(xiě)作。即將全部?jī)?nèi)容綜合后再寫(xiě)出情況概述、成績(jī)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、體會(huì)教訓(xùn)、意見(jiàn)措施。

綜合性報(bào)告的寫(xiě)作，要做到詳略得當(dāng)，成績(jī)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、體會(huì)教訓(xùn)要寫(xiě)透寫(xiě)深，其余從略；要做到點(diǎn)面結(jié)合、主次分明，既要寫(xiě)出總體情況，又要正對(duì)重點(diǎn)做詳細(xì)的說(shuō)明，給人留下總體印象的同時(shí)又能抓住重點(diǎn)。

（2）情況報(bào)告：這類(lèi)報(bào)告的正文結(jié)構(gòu)為情況、問(wèn)題、打算三方面。首先寫(xiě)事情的經(jīng)過(guò)、原因、結(jié)果、性質(zhì)等；其次寫(xiě)暴露出的問(wèn)題、管理上的缺陷、工作中的疏漏等；最后寫(xiě)具體的處理意見(jiàn)和簡(jiǎn)要的建議。

（3）答復(fù)報(bào)告：這類(lèi)報(bào)告的的內(nèi)容要有針對(duì)性，如實(shí)呈報(bào)問(wèn)題，不能答非所問(wèn)。一般開(kāi)頭要引敘來(lái)件，然后根據(jù)要求，報(bào)告有關(guān)內(nèi)容，結(jié)束語(yǔ)一般用“專(zhuān)此報(bào)告”。

“講話”的寫(xiě)作格式

一、講話稿的涵義與特點(diǎn)

講話稿有廣義和狹義之分。廣義的講話稿是人們?cè)谔囟▓?chǎng)合發(fā)表講話的文稿；狹義的講話稿即一般所說(shuō)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)講話稿,是各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在各種會(huì)議上發(fā)表帶有宣傳、指示、總結(jié)性質(zhì)講話的文稿。是應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作研究的重要文體之一

講話稿有如下特點(diǎn)：

（一）內(nèi)容的針對(duì)性

講話稿的內(nèi)容是由會(huì)議主題和講話者身份來(lái)決定的。因此在寫(xiě)講話稿之前，必須要了解會(huì)議的主題、性質(zhì)、議題，講話的場(chǎng)合、背景，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的指示、要求，聽(tīng)眾的身份、背景情況、心理需求和接受習(xí)慣等。

（二）篇幅的規(guī)定性

講話是有時(shí)間限制的，因此對(duì)講話稿篇幅要有特定要求，不能不顧具體情況長(zhǎng)篇大論。一般來(lái)講，表彰、通報(bào)、慶典等會(huì)議上的講話稿篇幅不宜過(guò)長(zhǎng)，以免喧賓奪主。

（三）語(yǔ)言的得體性

為了便于講話者表達(dá)，易于聽(tīng)眾理解和接受，講話稿的語(yǔ)言既要準(zhǔn)確、簡(jiǎn)潔，又要通俗、生動(dòng)。另外，由于講話具有現(xiàn)場(chǎng)性，因此撰寫(xiě)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)講話時(shí)必須提前考慮和把握現(xiàn)場(chǎng)氣氛和場(chǎng)合。

（四）起草的集智性

為了提高行政效率，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)講話稿經(jīng)常由秘書(shū)代筆，然后經(jīng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)審核是否采用。有的部門(mén)還專(zhuān)設(shè)起草小組，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一般要將寫(xiě)作的目的、背景、寫(xiě)作要求等對(duì)起草小組交代清楚，然后由起草小組分工協(xié)作，集體撰稿，并在起草的過(guò)程中反復(fù)討論、修改、幾易其稿，才提交領(lǐng)導(dǎo)使用。

二、講話稿的種類(lèi)

按照會(huì)議內(nèi)容的不同可把講話稿分為工作會(huì)議類(lèi)講話稿，慶祝、紀(jì)念會(huì)議類(lèi)講話稿，表彰會(huì)議類(lèi)講話稿，本節(jié)主要討論以下兩種比較常見(jiàn)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)講話稿。

（一）工作會(huì)議類(lèi)講話稿

此類(lèi)講話稿是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在各種會(huì)議上發(fā)表的對(duì)前一階段的工作情況包括成績(jī)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)、缺點(diǎn)等進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。對(duì)下一階段的工作目標(biāo)、任務(wù)、重點(diǎn)、措施等進(jìn)行研究部署的講話稿。這類(lèi)會(huì)議講話稿要求態(tài)度鮮明，目的明確，內(nèi)容單一，層次分明，邏輯嚴(yán)密，語(yǔ)氣堅(jiān)定，針對(duì)性強(qiáng)，號(hào)召力大，簡(jiǎn)潔明快。

（二）慶祝、紀(jì)念會(huì)議類(lèi)講話稿

此類(lèi)講話稿是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在紀(jì)念某一歷史事件、歷史人物或重大慶典等紀(jì)念性會(huì)議上所發(fā)表的講話稿。這類(lèi)講話稿既肯定和頌揚(yáng)歷史事件的重大意義和歷史人物的豐功偉績(jī)，還要立足當(dāng)前、面向未來(lái)。揭示其現(xiàn)實(shí)意義，對(duì)繼承光榮傳統(tǒng)，弘揚(yáng)革命精神提出具體要求。

三、講話稿的組成部分

講話稿一般由標(biāo)題和正文兩部分組成

１.標(biāo)題。講話稿的標(biāo)題分為兩種：一種一般是由講話人的姓名、職務(wù)、事由和文種構(gòu)成，如《

×××省長(zhǎng)在全省教育工作會(huì)議上的講話》；另一種是由一個(gè)主標(biāo)題和副標(biāo)題組成。主標(biāo)題一般用來(lái)概括講話的主旨或主要內(nèi)容，副標(biāo)題則與第一種的構(gòu)成形式相同。如，《進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)和發(fā)揚(yáng)魯迅精神—在魯迅誕生110周年紀(jì)念大會(huì)上的講話》。

2.正文。講話稿的正文包括開(kāi)頭、主體和結(jié)尾三部分。

（1）開(kāi)頭部分。首先根據(jù)與會(huì)人員的情況和會(huì)議性質(zhì)來(lái)確定適當(dāng)?shù)姆Q(chēng)謂，如“同志們”、“各位專(zhuān)家學(xué)者”等，要求莊重、嚴(yán)肅、得體；然后用極簡(jiǎn)潔的文字把要講的內(nèi)容概述一下，說(shuō)明講話的緣由或者所要講的內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)；接著轉(zhuǎn)入正文講話。

（2）主體部分。根據(jù)會(huì)議的內(nèi)容和發(fā)表講話的目的，可以重點(diǎn)闡述如何領(lǐng)會(huì)文件、指示、會(huì)議精神；可以通過(guò)分析形勢(shì)和明確任務(wù)，提出搞好工作的幾點(diǎn)意見(jiàn)；可以結(jié)合本單位情況，提出貫徹上級(jí)指示的意見(jiàn)；可以對(duì)前面其他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的講話做補(bǔ)充講話；也可以圍繞會(huì)議的中心議題，結(jié)合自己的分管的工作談幾點(diǎn)看法等等。

（3）結(jié)尾部分。結(jié)尾用以總結(jié)全篇，照應(yīng)開(kāi)頭，發(fā)出號(hào)召，或者征詢對(duì)講話內(nèi)容的意見(jiàn)或建議等等。

四、講話稿與發(fā)言稿

講話稿和發(fā)言稿在不作為公務(wù)文書(shū)時(shí)，兩者可以通用，一旦作為公務(wù)文書(shū)，應(yīng)嚴(yán)格區(qū)別使用。講話一般體現(xiàn)主辦方或上級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的意見(jiàn)，從整體出發(fā)，具有一定的原則性、政策性、權(quán)威性；發(fā)言一般體現(xiàn)參與方平級(jí)或下級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的意見(jiàn)，從自身的實(shí)際出發(fā)，暢所欲言，具有一定的務(wù)實(shí)性、靈活性。如“在某個(gè)會(huì)議上的講話”和“在某個(gè)會(huì)議上的發(fā)言”可能內(nèi)容寫(xiě)法相同，但在實(shí)際使用時(shí)要注意標(biāo)題的命名是選擇“講話”還是“發(fā)言”。

常用應(yīng)用文的寫(xiě)作格式及行文習(xí)慣

應(yīng)用文是人們?cè)诠ぷ鳌⒐珓?wù)活動(dòng)及日常生活中，應(yīng)實(shí)際需要而形成的有規(guī)格性的文體。隨著社會(huì)的開(kāi)放，人們交往的日見(jiàn)增多，這類(lèi)文體的應(yīng)用也越來(lái)越廣泛。高考寫(xiě)作歷來(lái)要求能寫(xiě)記敘文、議論文、說(shuō)明文及常用應(yīng)用文，并曾考過(guò)書(shū)信、啟事、通知、新聞、電報(bào)稿、廣播稿、申請(qǐng)書(shū)、說(shuō)明書(shū)等。1999年的《考試說(shuō)明》明確規(guī)定了考查的范圍是：書(shū)信、啟事、通知、新聞、電報(bào)稿、廣播稿、申請(qǐng)書(shū)、說(shuō)明書(shū)。2004年和2005年的《考試大綱》“寫(xiě)作”部分仍要求能寫(xiě)常用應(yīng)用文。近年開(kāi)放性的話題作文中，有些考生選擇新聞、書(shū)信、啟事等應(yīng)用文體式構(gòu)思行文，以其鮮活的創(chuàng)新形式贏得閱卷老師和廣大師生的青睞。

我們常見(jiàn)的篇幅短小的應(yīng)用文，有以下幾種：

1.書(shū)信

(1)稱(chēng)呼：第一行頂格寫(xiě)，后用冒號(hào)。

(2)正文：另起一行空兩格。一般先寫(xiě)問(wèn)候語(yǔ)，再寫(xiě)主要內(nèi)容。(3)結(jié)尾：寫(xiě)祝頌語(yǔ)。“?！?、“此致”等詞語(yǔ)可緊接正文之后寫(xiě)，也可獨(dú)占一行，空兩格寫(xiě)。“健康”、“敬禮”等用語(yǔ)要另起一行，頂格寫(xiě)。

(4)署名：寫(xiě)在另起一行的偏右處。(5)日期：寫(xiě)在署名下一行的右邊。

(6)用語(yǔ)要簡(jiǎn)潔得體、條理清晰，有真情實(shí)感。例2：

汪道涵的唁電全文如下： 辜嚴(yán)倬云女士如晤：

驚悉振甫先生遽歸道山，哲人其萎，增我悲思。

振甫先生致力于兩岸關(guān)系凡一十四年，夙慕屈平詞賦，常懷國(guó)家統(tǒng)一，私志公義，每與道涵相契。汪辜會(huì)談，兩度執(zhí)手；九二共識(shí)，一生然諾。而今風(fēng)颯木蕭，青史零落，滬上之晤，竟成永訣。天若有情，亦有憾焉。

兩岸之道，唯和與合，勢(shì)之所趨，事之必至。期我同胞，終能秉持九二共識(shí)與汪辜會(huì)談之諦，續(xù)寫(xiě)協(xié)商與對(duì)話新頁(yè)。庶幾可告慰先生也。

深望女士與子侄輩節(jié)哀順變，善自珍攝。

汪道涵

二00五年一月三日

2、信函（道歉、祝賀、投訴、感謝、邀請(qǐng)、建議、慰問(wèn)、鼓勵(lì)、索賠、參觀、銷(xiāo)售）

一般由稱(chēng)呼、正文、結(jié)尾、落款四個(gè)部分組成。如：

商務(wù)信函

（1）稱(chēng)呼 稱(chēng)呼是寫(xiě)信人對(duì)受信人的尊稱(chēng)，主要依據(jù)相互間的隸屬關(guān)系、親疏關(guān)系、尊卑關(guān)系、長(zhǎng)幼關(guān)系等而定，一般都用“敬語(yǔ)＋稱(chēng)謂”的形式組成。如：“尊敬的王總經(jīng)理”、“親愛(ài)的劉主任”、“尊敬的董事長(zhǎng)先生閣下”等。對(duì)某些特殊的內(nèi)容或與境外華文地區(qū)的人員往來(lái)還可加上“提稱(chēng)”如：“尊敬的王博士總經(jīng)理海成先生臺(tái)鑒”、“親愛(ài)秘書(shū)明玉小姐雅鑒”等等。（頂格寫(xiě)，后面加冒號(hào)。）（2）啟詞 啟詞是信文的起首語(yǔ)，可有多種表示法。如問(wèn)候式的“您好”、“別來(lái)無(wú)恙”；思懷式的“久不通信，甚為懷想”、“去國(guó)半載，諒諸事順?biāo)臁钡?；贊頌式的“新春大吉”、“開(kāi)張大吉”等；承前式的“上周曾發(fā)一傳真件，今仍具函，為××事”，“貴公司×月×日賜函已悉”等等。不分對(duì)象，不論內(nèi)容，一律以“您好”為書(shū)信之啟詞，實(shí)在極不恰當(dāng)。此外，公務(wù)書(shū)信的啟詞還可用“茲為、茲因、茲悉、茲經(jīng)、茲介紹、茲定于”；“頃聞、頃悉、頃獲”；“欣聞、欣悉、欣逢、值此”，以及“據(jù)了解、據(jù)報(bào)、據(jù)查實(shí)”等一系列公文用語(yǔ)，以提領(lǐng)全文。（在稱(chēng)呼下面另起一行，前空兩格！）

（3）正文 正文是書(shū)信的主體，是書(shū)信能否達(dá)到寫(xiě)信人理想效果的關(guān)鍵。一封信可以專(zhuān)說(shuō)一件事，也可以兼說(shuō)數(shù)件事，但公務(wù)書(shū)信應(yīng)該一文一事。正文要清楚、明了、簡(jiǎn)潔，并注意情感分寸，不應(yīng)有昵褻輕狂之嫌，也不可顯侮蔑輕慢之意。（在啟詞下面另起一行空兩格。）

（4）酬應(yīng)過(guò)渡 正文結(jié)束時(shí)，可寫(xiě)幾句酬應(yīng)性的話作為全文的過(guò)渡。如“我方相信，經(jīng)過(guò)此次合作，雙方的友誼將有進(jìn)一步發(fā)展”。又如“再次表示衷心的感謝”或“代向公司其他同志問(wèn)候”等等。也有用公務(wù)書(shū)信的常用結(jié)語(yǔ)過(guò)渡，如“特此函達(dá)、特此說(shuō)明、特此重申、特此函詢、特此致歉”，或“肅此專(zhuān)呈、肅此奉達(dá)”，也有“特此鳴謝、敬請(qǐng)諒解、尚祈垂察、務(wù)請(qǐng)函復(fù)、至希鑒諒”，以及“承蒙惠允、承蒙協(xié)辦、承蒙惠示、不勝榮幸、不勝感激”等等。（過(guò)渡一下更符合禮儀規(guī)范）

（5）祝頌詞 書(shū)信的最后，寫(xiě)祝頌詞是慣例。由于寫(xiě)信人與受信人的關(guān)系各有不同，書(shū)信內(nèi)容各有不同，祝頌詞的寫(xiě)法便呈多種多樣。誠(chéng)祝生意興隆”等等，有時(shí)，往往用簡(jiǎn)單的一兩句話，寫(xiě)明希望對(duì)方答復(fù)的要求。如“特此函達(dá)，即希函復(fù)。”同時(shí)寫(xiě)表示祝愿或致敬的話，如“此致敬禮”、“敬祝健康”等。祝語(yǔ)一般分為兩行書(shū)寫(xiě)，“此致”、“敬祝”可緊隨正文，也可和正文空開(kāi)?！熬炊Y”、“健康”則轉(zhuǎn)行頂格書(shū)寫(xiě)。

（6）簽署 書(shū)信的簽署以寫(xiě)信人全名為要，不能只簽個(gè)姓氏或習(xí)慣稱(chēng)呼，如“老王、小王、小李、張主任、趙經(jīng)理”等，而要完整地寫(xiě)成“××部主任張金水”、“××公司經(jīng)理王富成”或者 “××公司辦公室秘書(shū)李倩”、“××部業(yè)務(wù)員劉震”等。今天，許多書(shū)信都以計(jì)算機(jī)制成，但即使已打印了姓名，仍應(yīng)再以手書(shū)簽署一遍，這既表信用，亦示誠(chéng)意。對(duì)某些特殊對(duì)象，署名后應(yīng)有具名語(yǔ)，如“謹(jǐn)上、謹(jǐn)呈、敬述”等，以表示對(duì)受件者的尊重。(通常中文信函寫(xiě)在結(jié)尾后另起一行(或空一、二行)的偏右下方位置，但一般E-mail商務(wù)信函也可靠左)以單位名義發(fā)出的商業(yè)信函，署名時(shí)可寫(xiě)單位名稱(chēng)或單位內(nèi)具體部門(mén)名稱(chēng)，也可同時(shí)署寫(xiě)信人的姓名。（7）日期 日期明確本是應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作的基本要素，書(shū)信自然不可缺了這一項(xiàng)。日期必須準(zhǔn)確，表現(xiàn)出寫(xiě)信人的負(fù)責(zé)態(tài)度，而萬(wàn)一記錯(cuò)日期，也許會(huì)因此而誤事。（寫(xiě)信日期—般寫(xiě)在署名的下一行或同一行偏右下方位置。）

啟事的寫(xiě)作方法

啟事（重點(diǎn)）

啟事是機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體、企事業(yè)單位，公民個(gè)人有事情需要向公眾說(shuō)明，或者請(qǐng)求有關(guān)單位、廣大群眾幫助時(shí)所寫(xiě)的一種說(shuō)明事項(xiàng)的實(shí)用文件。啟事可張貼、登報(bào)、廣播、在電視上放映。啟事一般分：

（1)標(biāo)題：第一行居中寫(xiě)明“XX啟事”。(2)正文：另起一行空兩格寫(xiě)啟事內(nèi)容，交代有關(guān)事情的原委和目的，提出要求和希望，說(shuō)明有關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)及辦理程序等。有些內(nèi)容則不應(yīng)寫(xiě)具體明確，如“招領(lǐng)啟事”中有關(guān)失物的詳情，以防冒領(lǐng)。(3)署名。(4)日期。

啟事不具備法令性、政策性、因而也沒(méi)有強(qiáng)制性和約束性。啟事有招領(lǐng)啟事、尋物啟事、招聘啟事、征稿啟事等多種.慶典啟事

慶典啟事是黨政機(jī)關(guān)、社會(huì)團(tuán)體、企事業(yè)單位舉辦有關(guān)慶?；蚣o(jì)念活動(dòng)時(shí)，由籌辦單位、部門(mén)向社會(huì)各界及有關(guān)人員告知慶典事宜的啟事。慶典啟事須注意交代以下內(nèi)容： 1．慶典緣由；

2．慶典活動(dòng)總體安排，包括時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、組織接待、內(nèi)容、參加人等； 3．其他有關(guān)事項(xiàng)及要求；

4．歡迎參加慶典活動(dòng)的結(jié)束語(yǔ)；

5．單位地址、電話、傳真、聯(lián)系人等。

下面是一則征文啟事：

《國(guó)慶特刊》征稿啟事

為了歡慶中華人民共和國(guó)XX華誕，班委會(huì)討論決定，我班出一期“國(guó)慶特刊”。希望全班同學(xué)踴躍投稿。具體要求：

一、內(nèi)容能表達(dá)我們年輕一代對(duì)祖國(guó)對(duì)黨的無(wú)限熱愛(ài)之情，體裁不拘。

二、500字左右，要用稿紙謄寫(xiě)清楚。

三、稿件請(qǐng)于9月20日前交給宣傳委員黃玲玲同學(xué)。

高三（1）班墻報(bào)編輯組 X月X日

說(shuō)明書(shū)的寫(xiě)作方法（1）實(shí)用性。（2）科學(xué)性。（3）突出特點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)特征。（4）用語(yǔ)通俗簡(jiǎn)明。

說(shuō)明書(shū)是一種實(shí)用性說(shuō)明文體，常用于對(duì)工農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)售、書(shū)籍資料出版及電影戲劇演出等等的說(shuō)明介紹。說(shuō)明書(shū)有兩種形式：條款式和短文式。

新聞的寫(xiě)作方法

（1）標(biāo)題：是新聞內(nèi)容的提要。除正題外，前面可家加引題，后面可加副題。

（2）導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，簡(jiǎn)明扼要地寫(xiě)出新聞事實(shí)或中心。有敘述式導(dǎo)語(yǔ)、描寫(xiě)式導(dǎo)語(yǔ)提問(wèn)式導(dǎo)語(yǔ)等。

（3）主體部分：具體展開(kāi)事實(shí)的敘述或進(jìn)一步突出中心。新聞及時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確地報(bào)道國(guó)內(nèi)外新近發(fā)生的重要事件，一般篇幅較短。基本要素是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件等。內(nèi)容必須真實(shí)，要“用事實(shí)說(shuō)話”。二 求職信

求職信是求職者寫(xiě)給招聘單位的信函。它與普通的信函沒(méi)有多少區(qū)別，但它與朋友的信函又有所不同，當(dāng)然也不同于“公事公辦”的公文函。求職信所給的對(duì)象很難明確，也許是人事部一般職員，也許是經(jīng)理，如果你對(duì)老板比較了解的話可以直接給老板。當(dāng)然，如果你根本就不認(rèn)識(shí)招聘公司的任何人，求職信最好寫(xiě)上“人事部負(fù)責(zé)人收”較妥。如果直接寫(xiě)人事部經(jīng)理或“老總”收可能不妥，如果該信落到一般職員手中的話，可能使得這些人不高興。

求職信起到毛遂自薦的作用，好的求職信可以拉近求職者與人事主管（負(fù)責(zé)人）之間的距離，獲得面試機(jī)會(huì)多一些。

求職信是自我表白，其目的和作用要是讓人事主管看，因人事主管有太多的求職信函要看，因此要簡(jiǎn)明扼要?！臼纠?尊敬的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)：

您好！

感謝您在百忙之中審閱我的求職信！

這個(gè)月以來(lái)，我的心一直像小鹿一樣跳個(gè)不停，外面洶涌來(lái)的招聘信息讓我心動(dòng)。我爸爸是一名鄉(xiāng)村教師，我舅舅是一名中學(xué)教師。長(zhǎng)期的熏陶，幼小的我便憧憬能成為一名優(yōu)秀的教師，站在講臺(tái)上激揚(yáng)文字??今天我懷著激動(dòng)的心情向您毛遂自薦！我叫范如歌，是北京師范大學(xué)2002屆英語(yǔ)教育專(zhuān)業(yè)的本科畢業(yè)生。

我酷愛(ài)讀書(shū)，特別是文史類(lèi)，大部分中外名著（中英文版）都看過(guò)。這些書(shū)對(duì)我大有裨益：陶冶性情，豐富知識(shí)，開(kāi)闊視野。這對(duì)我的教學(xué)工作大有幫助。

通過(guò)四年的學(xué)習(xí)，我掌握了良好的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)和理論基礎(chǔ)，系統(tǒng)地學(xué)習(xí)了各項(xiàng)知識(shí)技能和教學(xué)技能，具有準(zhǔn)確、熟練的英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)、譯的能力。大二上學(xué)期，我一次性通過(guò)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)；大二下學(xué)期，我一次性通過(guò)英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)。由于突出的能力，在校期間多次榮獲專(zhuān)業(yè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、三好學(xué)生、原聲模擬優(yōu)秀獎(jiǎng)等，多門(mén)專(zhuān)業(yè)課成績(jī)名列前茅！

我有一定的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。曾任寢室長(zhǎng)，舉辦過(guò)一系列活動(dòng)，寢室文化活動(dòng)搞得有聲有色。自大一以來(lái)我已經(jīng)做了12份家教，其中以高中生居金。特別是2002年10月～2001年12月在全國(guó)重點(diǎn)高中--北京師大附中實(shí)習(xí)期間成績(jī)優(yōu)秀。

經(jīng)過(guò)四年的學(xué)習(xí)與實(shí)踐，我有信心與能力勝任大中專(zhuān)院校及中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)教學(xué)。當(dāng)然，我初涉世事，某些方面還不成熟，但我將正視自己的不足，并以自己的謙虛、務(wù)實(shí)、穩(wěn)重來(lái)加以彌補(bǔ)，不斷完善、充實(shí)、提高自己。我期盼能有一片揚(yáng)我所長(zhǎng)的天地，我將為之奉獻(xiàn)我的青春、智慧與汗水！

我家是教師世家，我熱愛(ài)孩子，熱愛(ài)教育，因?yàn)榻逃怯说墓こ蹋?，我非?？释蔀橐幻麅?yōu)秀的教師。

尊敬的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，請(qǐng)給我機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)以十分的熱情、十二分的努力去把握它！

謝謝您的慧目！

此致 敬禮！

自薦人：范如歌

2002年1月18日

請(qǐng)柬（重點(diǎn)）

請(qǐng)柬又稱(chēng)請(qǐng)貼，是人們?cè)诠?jié)日和各種喜事中請(qǐng)客用的一種簡(jiǎn)便邀請(qǐng)信.請(qǐng)柬是為邀請(qǐng)賓客參加某一活動(dòng)時(shí)所使用的一種書(shū)面形式的通知。一般用于聯(lián)誼會(huì)、與友好交往的各種紀(jì)念活動(dòng)、婚宴、誕辰或重要會(huì)議等，發(fā)送請(qǐng)柬是為了表示舉行的隆重。請(qǐng)柬通常也稱(chēng)作請(qǐng)?zhí)?。在古代，柬與帖有一定的區(qū)別。請(qǐng)柬的“柬”字，本為“簡(jiǎn)”。造紙術(shù)發(fā)明以前，簡(jiǎn)一般是較普遍的寫(xiě)作材料。簡(jiǎn)是將木材或竹木經(jīng)過(guò)加工后制成的狹長(zhǎng)的片。簡(jiǎn)一般指竹簡(jiǎn)，木制的寫(xiě)作材料古人稱(chēng)“牘”。人們把文字刻在簡(jiǎn)上用來(lái)記事，由于書(shū)寫(xiě)面積有限，篆刻也有些難度，所以用簡(jiǎn)書(shū)寫(xiě)文字容量是較小的。人們把簡(jiǎn)聯(lián)綴在一起而成“冊(cè)”。到了魏晉時(shí)代,“簡(jiǎn)”就專(zhuān)門(mén) 用來(lái)指一種短小的信札，這一說(shuō)法延用至今。

格式內(nèi)容：

（1）在封面上寫(xiě)“請(qǐng)柬”（請(qǐng)貼）二字。

（2）抬頭寫(xiě)被邀請(qǐng)者（個(gè)人的姓名或單位）名稱(chēng)。

（3）交待活動(dòng)內(nèi)容，如開(kāi)座談會(huì)、聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)、過(guò)生日等；交待舉行活動(dòng)的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，如果是請(qǐng)看戲或其它表演還應(yīng)將入場(chǎng)券附上。

（4）結(jié)尾。如“致以——敬禮”、“順致——崇高的敬意”等。

（5）署明邀請(qǐng)者（個(gè)人、單位）的名稱(chēng)和發(fā)出請(qǐng)柬的時(shí)間。請(qǐng)柬的寫(xiě)作要求：

（1）請(qǐng)柬不同于一般書(shū)信。一般書(shū)信都是因雙方不便或不宜直接交談而采用的交際方式。請(qǐng)柬卻不同，即使被請(qǐng)者近在咫尺，也須送請(qǐng)柬，這主是表示對(duì)客人的尊敬，也表明邀請(qǐng)者對(duì)此事的鄭重態(tài)度。

（2）語(yǔ)言上除要求簡(jiǎn)潔、明確外，還要措詞文雅得體。

第二篇：應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作

證明信

XX公司：

貴公司陳紅確是我校畢業(yè)生。該學(xué)生在校期間品學(xué)兼優(yōu)，2000、2001、2002學(xué)期均被評(píng)為校級(jí)三好學(xué)生，在校期間積極參加校內(nèi)戶外活動(dòng)并取得較好的成績(jī)。2003年被評(píng)為市級(jí)優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生。

特此證明

XX職業(yè)（公章）二00四年三月七日

推薦信

各位校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)：

您好！

某某皮具有限公司在我校招聘文員和秘書(shū)實(shí)習(xí)生，為此，特向您推薦黃文武同學(xué)去實(shí)習(xí)。我認(rèn)為黃文武同學(xué)去人秘書(shū)實(shí)習(xí)生，其理由如下：

一、他學(xué)完了所有的秘書(shū)大專(zhuān)自考課程，并全部一次性通過(guò)全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試。

二、他不僅拿到了XX大學(xué)的自考專(zhuān)科文憑，而且在計(jì)算機(jī)方面取得了計(jì)算機(jī)操作員中級(jí)職業(yè)資格證書(shū)，曾參加全市計(jì)算機(jī)錄入比賽獲二等獎(jiǎng)。

三、在校連續(xù)三年獲優(yōu)秀學(xué)生稱(chēng)號(hào)，2007年獲國(guó)家獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。特此推薦，請(qǐng)予考慮。此致 敬禮

班主任：XXX（私章）

二00八年五月五日

感謝信

XX職校：

尊敬的校長(zhǎng)、老師和同學(xué)們，你們好！

我是貴校剛畢業(yè)的學(xué)生王曉珍。我在貴校學(xué)習(xí)期間，因?yàn)榧依锇l(fā)生了巨大的變故，負(fù)債累累是我無(wú)法繼續(xù)完成學(xué)業(yè)，只能輟學(xué)。老師和同學(xué)們知道了我的情況后，積極替我排憂解難，讓我順利的完成了學(xué)業(yè)。在此我們?nèi)曳浅８袆?dòng)。老師和同學(xué)們對(duì)我的關(guān)心和友愛(ài)，我由衷地感謝你們！

我今后會(huì)更加努力學(xué)習(xí)，爭(zhēng)取取得更優(yōu)異的成績(jī)。我用實(shí)際行動(dòng)來(lái)感謝你們對(duì)我的幫助。再次感謝你們！衷心祝愿貴校全體師生工作順利、學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)步、身體健康！

王曉珍全家

二00九年十月六日

愛(ài)護(hù)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)倡議書(shū)

親愛(ài)的市民朋友們：

鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物是人類(lèi)親密的朋友，也是維護(hù)自然生態(tài)平衡的重要因素，保護(hù)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的野生動(dòng)物就是保護(hù)我們?nèi)祟?lèi)自己！

保護(hù)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物是我們每一個(gè)市民朋友義不容辭的責(zé)任。在此，我們向全體市民朋友們發(fā)出如下倡議：

一、主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)保護(hù)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的科學(xué)知識(shí)和相關(guān)法律法規(guī)，牢固樹(shù)立保護(hù)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)光榮，破環(huán)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)違法的理念，養(yǎng)成愛(ài)鳥(niǎo)保護(hù)鳥(niǎo)的良好習(xí)慣；

二、積極行動(dòng)起來(lái)，不傷害、不捕殺、不籠養(yǎng)野鳥(niǎo)，拒食野鳥(niǎo)等野生動(dòng)物，從我做起，做一名文明、守法的公民；

三、保護(hù)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的野生動(dòng)物的自然棲息地，愛(ài)護(hù)一草一木，保護(hù)綠地和濕地，減少環(huán)境污染，為鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物創(chuàng)造良好的生存和生活空間；

四、自覺(jué)遵守保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的法律、法規(guī)，及時(shí)舉報(bào)并制止非法捕捉、傷害鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物的行為，堅(jiān)決與各種破環(huán)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物資源的違法行為做斗爭(zhēng)。

市民朋友們，讓我們共同努力，積極行動(dòng)，從我做起，從小事做起，爭(zhēng)做保護(hù)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物的衛(wèi)士，讓鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物與我們?nèi)祟?lèi)在同一片藍(lán)天下平安快樂(lè)地生活，為建設(shè)我們美好和諧的家園做出自己應(yīng)有的貢獻(xiàn)。

上海市烹飪協(xié)會(huì) 二0一一年四月五日

開(kāi)業(yè)申請(qǐng)書(shū)

XX省工商管理局：

我是XX市XX職業(yè)學(xué)校計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用技術(shù)專(zhuān)業(yè)畢業(yè)后的學(xué)生?？加杏?jì)算機(jī)資格證書(shū)，加強(qiáng)實(shí)踐鍛煉，現(xiàn)在已充分掌握了計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用的知識(shí)和技術(shù)，我也自籌了資金20萬(wàn)元。

這一年來(lái)，本省的用電腦的群眾極速增加，許多人對(duì)電腦的需求越來(lái)越多。

為此，我申請(qǐng)開(kāi)辦個(gè)體電腦公司。懇請(qǐng)主管部門(mén)批準(zhǔn)我的要求，盡早發(fā)給營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照。開(kāi)業(yè)后，我保證遵守國(guó)家的政策、法令，嚴(yán)格按章繳納稅金；對(duì)客戶做到熱情服務(wù)，合理收費(fèi)，保證質(zhì)量，使客戶滿意。

此致 敬禮

申請(qǐng)人 項(xiàng)XX 二00六年六月六日

建議書(shū)

黃老師：

最近，我們班學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)氣不好，影響了全班的正常上課，會(huì)分心。為了轉(zhuǎn)變學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)氣、改善學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度，提高學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)。我向您提出以下幾點(diǎn)建議：

一、每天早自修安排兩個(gè)同學(xué)負(fù)責(zé)早讀，督促大家認(rèn)真早讀；

二、安排班干部記錄課堂紀(jì)律，違紀(jì)者予以記名；

三、在班級(jí)合適地方張貼學(xué)習(xí)資料；

四、開(kāi)展“結(jié)對(duì)幫帶”的帶動(dòng)全班一起進(jìn)步。以上幾點(diǎn)不成熟的建議，供您參考。此致 敬禮

文秘班學(xué)生付XX 二00九年三月六日

建議書(shū)

教導(dǎo)處主任：

我們是07商務(wù)（3）班的學(xué)生。半個(gè)多學(xué)期來(lái)，大家感到作業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)太重。每天下課都是做作業(yè)，課外活動(dòng)也被擠掉。這主要是因?yàn)橛械睦蠋熛矚g拖堂，即講課條理性較差造成的。為了提高課堂學(xué)習(xí)效率，保障休息時(shí)間，所以我們建議：

一、希望教導(dǎo)處對(duì)這些老師提出要求，盡量不要拖堂，最好課堂上留五之十分鐘讓大

家做作業(yè)；

二、希望教導(dǎo)處指導(dǎo)教師改進(jìn)教學(xué)方法，盡可能做到精講多練，活躍課堂氣氛；

三、盡可能保證我們的課外活動(dòng)時(shí)間。這樣可以豐富我們的課余生活。以上建議，不當(dāng)之處，請(qǐng)批評(píng)。此致 敬禮

07商務(wù)（3）班全體學(xué)生

二00八年五月三日

慰問(wèn)信

敬愛(ài)的老師們：

流光溢彩的九月，秋風(fēng)送爽，桃李芬蕓。我們迎來(lái)了教師節(jié)，在這丹桂飄香的金秋時(shí)節(jié)悄然而至。九月如期而至。九月獻(xiàn)給老師。我們銘記九月，因?yàn)檫@是你們永恒的節(jié)日；我們贊頌九月，因?yàn)檫@是我們真誠(chéng)的表白。

三寸舌 三寸筆 三尺講臺(tái) 三千桃李 十載風(fēng) 十載雨 十年樹(shù)木 十萬(wàn)棟梁

你們總是如此默默無(wú)聞的執(zhí)著于自己的工作崗位，你們總是如此深沉地奉獻(xiàn)著自己的知識(shí)和青春。用你們陽(yáng)光般溫暖，雨露般甘甜的教誨，讓我們從混沌中領(lǐng)悟人生，讓我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)中升華！是你們，造就了生機(jī)勃勃、欣欣向榮的人民職高！是你們，伴隨著我們成長(zhǎng)，培育出自強(qiáng)不息、不斷進(jìn)取的品德！是你們，辛勤耕耘在三尺講臺(tái)上，無(wú)怨無(wú)悔！從認(rèn)字的那天起，我們的每一步成長(zhǎng)都離不開(kāi)你們無(wú)限的關(guān)愛(ài)！

光陰輕輕帶走了你們辛勤勞動(dòng)的一幕幕，正如它輕輕帶來(lái)了這讓我們回憶與感動(dòng)并存的九月。

九月，是只情滿泗意的杯子，我們用雙手高高地舉起——在一片真誠(chéng)的祝福聲中，請(qǐng)你們干杯。

九月的樂(lè)章已經(jīng)奏響，請(qǐng)接受我們九月的獻(xiàn)禮吧！所有拼搏在教育戰(zhàn)線的老師們。祝全校老師節(jié)日快樂(lè)、身體健康、工作順利！

XX學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì) 二00九年九月十日 本學(xué)期的個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃

上學(xué)期因?yàn)閺?fù)習(xí)課的時(shí)候不是很認(rèn)真的聽(tīng)講，而造成了期末考試成績(jī)不太理想。根據(jù)上學(xué)期的期末考試各科的成績(jī)，為保證能在這學(xué)期中的個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)有序進(jìn)行，進(jìn)一步的提高自身學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)。結(jié)合上學(xué)期的學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)，根據(jù)自身的實(shí)際能力，特制定本學(xué)期計(jì)劃：

一、認(rèn)真聽(tīng)老師講課，認(rèn)真做好筆記，認(rèn)真做好家庭作業(yè)；

二、多讀課外書(shū)，增強(qiáng)自身的課外知識(shí)，以及增強(qiáng)自身的閱讀能力；

三、積極向老師或同學(xué)請(qǐng)教自己不理解的題目，以便于你更好的復(fù)習(xí)；

四、自信是非常重要的，要經(jīng)常對(duì)自己說(shuō)：“我是最棒的，不要讓自己失去自信心?！睋碛袠?lè)觀，積極向上的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度才能更好地完成最后學(xué)習(xí)考核。

11禮儀班 葉舒婷 二0一二年五月二日

XX學(xué)校上學(xué)期創(chuàng)安全班級(jí)的工作總結(jié)

現(xiàn)在每個(gè)家庭只有兩三個(gè)孩子，孩子的安全健康成長(zhǎng)關(guān)系著每個(gè)家庭的幸福和平安，要為家長(zhǎng)分憂解困，為做好安全教育工作是班主任工作的重中之重。班級(jí)安全是確保構(gòu)建和諧校園這一目標(biāo)任務(wù)實(shí)現(xiàn)的重要前提和保障。班級(jí)安全工作，直接關(guān)系到學(xué)生生命安全和學(xué)生健康成長(zhǎng)，關(guān)系到千家萬(wàn)戶幸福安寧和班級(jí)聲譽(yù)。為了深入貫徹上級(jí)有關(guān)文件精神，進(jìn)一步提高全校學(xué)生的安全防范意識(shí)，切實(shí)加強(qiáng)學(xué)生人身安全教育，創(chuàng)設(shè)一個(gè)穩(wěn)定、安全、有序、平安 的校園環(huán)境，確保班級(jí)正常的教育教學(xué)秩序，一學(xué)年來(lái)，我認(rèn)真貫徹班級(jí)有關(guān)“創(chuàng)建平安校園” 暨 做好班級(jí)安全工作的精神，結(jié)合我班實(shí)際，提高認(rèn)識(shí)，加強(qiáng)管理，注重落實(shí)，講求實(shí)效，取得了很好的成效，得到領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的肯定和社會(huì)家長(zhǎng)的認(rèn)可，切實(shí)達(dá)到了創(chuàng)建平安校園的目的?，F(xiàn)將班級(jí)安全工作總結(jié) 如下：

一、班級(jí)是未成年人較為聚集的地方，班級(jí)安全工作的主要對(duì)象是在校學(xué)生，他們的自我保護(hù)意識(shí)和防范能力相對(duì)較弱，是安全工作領(lǐng)域的弱勢(shì)群體，確保他們安全的任務(wù)十分艱巨。班級(jí)安全工作有其特殊性：

1)學(xué)生每天都有變化，都需要重申安全紀(jì)律，強(qiáng)調(diào)防范措施；

2)從初級(jí)中學(xué)八年級(jí)學(xué)生的年齡、生理以及知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)、認(rèn)知和自我防范能力等特點(diǎn)來(lái)看，班級(jí)安全工作的這根弦得時(shí)刻繃緊，時(shí)刻提防；

二、責(zé)任分工，層層落實(shí)

按照學(xué)校工作部署，具體負(fù)責(zé)本抓班的安全工作，落實(shí)班級(jí)的安全管理。成立了班主任主管，班長(zhǎng)分管，學(xué)習(xí)委員、團(tuán)支部書(shū)記、體育委員、勞動(dòng)委員層層分解負(fù)責(zé)，做到一人主抓一塊，層層抓落實(shí)。班主任在學(xué)年初給每位學(xué)生簽訂安全責(zé)任書(shū) 全面抓好下列安全工作：學(xué)生個(gè)人飲食衛(wèi)生安全、參加勞動(dòng)人身安全防范、安全法制教育；校內(nèi)打架斗毆事件的預(yù)防與處理；禁煙和防賭安全工作。教室宿舍居住、床位安全；教學(xué)、生活設(shè)施安全；食堂飲食衛(wèi)生安全；用電安全；預(yù)防基建工地人身安全。課堂教學(xué)人身安全；體育課、活動(dòng)課、實(shí)驗(yàn)課、電腦課教學(xué)安全；實(shí)驗(yàn)室、電腦室等有關(guān)器材使用安全；外出教學(xué)活動(dòng)人身安全。

三、建設(shè)“平安校園”，保障班級(jí)安全的關(guān)鍵在防范

班級(jí) 堅(jiān)持 “預(yù)防為主”的方針，強(qiáng)化管理，落實(shí)各項(xiàng)安全措施。進(jìn)一步明確目標(biāo)責(zé)任，落實(shí)到人，學(xué)生對(duì)個(gè)人安全防范形成書(shū)面材料并上交班主任。各小組責(zé)任人認(rèn)真進(jìn)行自查，做到邊查邊改，對(duì)檢查中發(fā)現(xiàn)的隱患和問(wèn)題做好記錄，并由專(zhuān)人負(fù)責(zé)，限期整改，切實(shí)做到層層有目標(biāo)，人人有責(zé)任。

總之，班級(jí)安全管理是造福學(xué)生的一項(xiàng)重要舉措，也是事關(guān)廣大學(xué)生、班級(jí)的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全的一項(xiàng)重要工作，班級(jí)安全建設(shè)的成功與否與班級(jí)的改革、發(fā)展、穩(wěn)定息息相關(guān)。我 們始終把安全工作擺在班級(jí)各項(xiàng)工作的重要位置加以落實(shí)，給學(xué)生提供一個(gè)安全健康的環(huán)境，讓每位學(xué)生都充分認(rèn)識(shí)到安全工作的重要性，要人人關(guān)心、人人支持、人人參與，始終圍繞保障學(xué)生生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全作為重中之重，切實(shí)為班級(jí)創(chuàng)造安全穩(wěn)定的工作發(fā)展環(huán)境貢獻(xiàn)自己的力量。班級(jí)多一分管理，學(xué)生就多一分平安，社會(huì)就多一分和諧。

XX學(xué)校 XXX 二0一二年五月九日 XX學(xué)院辦公會(huì)議記錄

時(shí)間：2009年5月5日上午8：30至上午10：00 地點(diǎn)：第一會(huì)議室 出席人：尹XX（院長(zhǎng)）、孔XX（辦公室主任）、徐X（院長(zhǎng)辦公室秘書(shū)）及學(xué)院各部門(mén)主要負(fù)責(zé)人

缺席人：王XX、鄭XX（另有會(huì)議參加）主持人：胡XX（副院長(zhǎng)）

記錄：徐X（院長(zhǎng)辦公室秘書(shū)）

議題：討論我院如何按照市教育局的《通知》精神抓好安全工作

一、主持人開(kāi)場(chǎng)白 略

二、主題報(bào)告

主持人傳達(dá)市教育有關(guān)安全文件的通知（略）

三、討論發(fā)言 1.尹XX：（略）2.孔XX：（略）3.徐X：（略）

四、決議

1.傳達(dá)《通知》精神，對(duì)全部人員開(kāi)展一次安全教育 2.各部門(mén)責(zé)成有關(guān)人員安排好安全檢查、整頓工作 散會(huì)。

主持人：（簽名）記錄員：（簽名）2009年5月5日

省商務(wù)廳深入學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐科學(xué)發(fā)展觀活動(dòng)

簡(jiǎn)報(bào) 第二十五期

省商務(wù)廳深入學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐科學(xué)發(fā)展觀活動(dòng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組 2008年11月19日 _____________________________________________________________________ 編者按：開(kāi)展深入??，供全廳人員學(xué)習(xí)參考。

金融危機(jī)的影響及應(yīng)對(duì)建議

去年年底發(fā)生在美國(guó)的??不利影響。為此建議：

一、是密切關(guān)注金融危機(jī)??，促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)。

在國(guó)內(nèi)，隨著原材料價(jià)格上漲，運(yùn)費(fèi)??具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。

_____________________________________________________________________ 送：省委學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組辦公室，省委學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組第六指導(dǎo)檢查組，省商務(wù)廳學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組成員，廳領(lǐng)導(dǎo) 發(fā)：廳機(jī)關(guān)各支部（總支）、各處室、廳屬事業(yè)單位

（本期共印80份）

歡送詞

尊敬的XXX博士：

在您訪問(wèn)結(jié)束，即將回國(guó)之際，我代表我方向您表示熱烈歡送。

XXX博士的訪問(wèn)雖然短暫，然而是極其成功的。在北京期間，他會(huì)晤了有關(guān)方面的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)同志，參加了工廠、農(nóng)村、學(xué)校，與各界人士進(jìn)行了談話，并認(rèn)真研究了我國(guó)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和教育。促進(jìn)了對(duì)我國(guó)的認(rèn)識(shí)和了解，增進(jìn)了相互之間的友誼，為今后的合作奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)。

在最后，希望XXX博士再來(lái)我國(guó)進(jìn)行訪問(wèn)，不斷加深研究和了解，是合作取得更大的成就。

祝XXX博士回國(guó)途中一路平安！身體健康！

開(kāi)幕詞

各位老師們、各位同學(xué)們：

大家好！在今天這個(gè)令人激動(dòng)的時(shí)刻，我們迎來(lái)了我校校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的勝利召開(kāi)，在此，我代表全校老師和同學(xué)們，向這次體育盛會(huì)的召開(kāi)表示熱烈的祝賀！

這次運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是對(duì)我校體育教學(xué)工作的大檢閱，更是對(duì)我校師生精神面貌和綜合素質(zhì)的大檢閱。體育是力量的角逐，體育是智慧的較量，體育是美麗的展示，體育是理想的飛揚(yáng)。在這緊張激烈的賽場(chǎng)上，希望全校師生要以我國(guó)的體育健兒為榜樣，以飽滿的激情、昂揚(yáng)的斗志，勇于拼搏進(jìn)取的信念，團(tuán)結(jié)向上的精神投入到本次運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上。賽出成績(jī)，賽出水平，賽出風(fēng)格！讓我們的實(shí)際行動(dòng)來(lái)追求更高、更快、更強(qiáng)！

最后，祝全體運(yùn)動(dòng)員們賽出好成績(jī)！預(yù)祝大會(huì)圓滿成功！

XXX

二0一一年九月二十九日

第三篇：應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作

應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作

胡建舫

第一講

應(yīng)用文概述

一、概念

國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)企事業(yè)單位社會(huì)團(tuán)體個(gè)人在處理事務(wù)工作進(jìn)行社會(huì)活動(dòng)中經(jīng)常使用的具有規(guī)范格式的文種。

訓(xùn)練:舉例說(shuō)明哪些文章屬于應(yīng)用文.二、特點(diǎn)

價(jià)值實(shí)用性

應(yīng)用廣泛性

建構(gòu)模式性

表述簡(jiǎn)約性

使用時(shí)效性

三、作用

管理國(guó)家

宣傳教育

聯(lián)系溝通

憑證記載

四、分類(lèi)

應(yīng)用文分公務(wù)私務(wù)兩大類(lèi);公務(wù)應(yīng)用文可再分通用專(zhuān)用兩類(lèi)

上行

平行

下行

訓(xùn)練:舉例說(shuō)明哪些文章屬于上行文

五、文本的構(gòu)成要素及其要求

主旨:客觀

單一

明晰

語(yǔ)言:直接

行業(yè)

模式

材料:真實(shí)

充分

具體

結(jié)構(gòu):合理

規(guī)范

訓(xùn)練:修改下面段文字

時(shí)間如白駒過(guò)隙,過(guò)得飛快，一轉(zhuǎn)眼，2010年將要過(guò)去了。在過(guò)去的一年里,我公司的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益猶如穿云燕子,飛向百尺竿頭.公司上下興高采烈,笑逐顏開(kāi).現(xiàn)在,我們把去年的工作總結(jié)一下。

試寫(xiě)一則留言條,集體修改。

六、應(yīng)用文特用詞舉例

稱(chēng)謂用語(yǔ):你

我本

貴

該

開(kāi)端:為了

依照

茲定于

頃接

遞送:報(bào)

呈

印發(fā)

頒發(fā)

下達(dá)

轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)

擬辦:擬辦

責(zé)成交辦

試辦

引敘:悉

收悉

過(guò)渡:為此

鑒于

綜上所述

期請(qǐng):懇請(qǐng)

特請(qǐng)

擬請(qǐng)

如蒙

希望

尚望

希予

結(jié)尾:當(dāng)否 ,請(qǐng)批示

特此報(bào)告

為要

訓(xùn)練:解詞

茲經(jīng)

如蒙

擬請(qǐng)

鑒于

為此

此復(fù) 責(zé)成謝忱

謹(jǐn)悉

屆期

頃接

七、關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)應(yīng)用文,略

八、常見(jiàn)公文的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾

開(kāi)頭:目的式 根據(jù)式 融合式 引文式 自然式 引敘式 時(shí)間式

結(jié)尾:自然式 強(qiáng)調(diào)式

總結(jié)式

說(shuō)明式

希望式

征詢式

第二講

行政應(yīng)用文

一、行政應(yīng)用文的廣義與狹義

廣義,略

狹義,略

二、版式及構(gòu)成要素

1.文頭

1)版頭

2)發(fā)文字號(hào)(聯(lián)合發(fā)文

簽發(fā))

3)簽發(fā)

4)秘密等級(jí)和保密期限

5)緊急程度

6)文件份號(hào)

2文件主體

1)標(biāo)題(程式 簡(jiǎn)化式

標(biāo)點(diǎn)

省略關(guān)于

戒虛題)

訓(xùn)練:修改標(biāo)題

(1)中共中央國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于法輪功的通知

(2)關(guān)于召開(kāi)布置增產(chǎn)節(jié)約勞動(dòng)競(jìng)賽活動(dòng)的通知

擬標(biāo)題

拾金不昧

再要經(jīng)費(fèi)

砍伐樹(shù)木

自然災(zāi)害

人事調(diào)動(dòng)

轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)

2)主送(頂格

順序

概稱(chēng))

3)文章主體

4)附件

5)發(fā)文機(jī)關(guān)成文日期印章(聯(lián)合發(fā)文)

3.文尾

1)主題詞

2)抄送

3)印制日期份數(shù)

訓(xùn)練:根據(jù)標(biāo)題擬主題詞

國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于十一五期間深化科學(xué)技術(shù)體制改革的決定

關(guān)于禁止在新關(guān)水庫(kù)內(nèi)搞旅游問(wèn)題的批復(fù)

國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳克拉瑪依特大火災(zāi)事故情況的通報(bào)

國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于發(fā)布《國(guó)家行政機(jī)關(guān)公文處理辦法》的通知

關(guān)于崇明島發(fā)電用煤缺口問(wèn)題的請(qǐng)示

解釋意思:

滬府[2007]51號(hào)

新政辦函[2007]3號(hào) 填空: 關(guān)于（）《廣東省碧水工程計(jì)劃》的（）各市縣自治縣人民政府,省府直屬有關(guān)單位: 《廣東省碧水工程計(jì)劃》業(yè)經(jīng)省人民政府同意,現(xiàn)（）給你們,請(qǐng)認(rèn)真執(zhí)行。北京市人民政府（）各區(qū)縣人民政府,市府有關(guān)直屬單位:

現(xiàn)將國(guó)務(wù)院《關(guān)于修訂<發(fā)明獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)條例>的通知》(國(guó)發(fā)[1999]279號(hào))（給你們,請(qǐng)認(rèn)真執(zhí)行.)

第三講

通知

一、用法

批轉(zhuǎn)下級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)公文，轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)上級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)和不相隸屬機(jī)關(guān)公文,傳達(dá)要求下級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)辦理和需要有關(guān)單位周知或執(zhí)行的事項(xiàng)，任免人員.二、批轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)類(lèi)通知的寫(xiě)法

1.標(biāo)題

1)不出現(xiàn)關(guān)于 2)例舉

國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)工商總局等部門(mén)關(guān)于嚴(yán)厲打擊傳銷(xiāo)和變相傳銷(xiāo)等非法經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)意見(jiàn)的通知

云南省人民政府批轉(zhuǎn)省工商局《關(guān)于做好<中華人民共和國(guó)合同法>貫徹實(shí)施工作的意見(jiàn)》的通知

江蘇省教育廳轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)教育部辦公廳《關(guān)于印發(fā)<高等學(xué)校學(xué)報(bào)管理辦法>的通知》的通知 2.主送,略 3.正文主體:

1)現(xiàn)將

《》(X[]X號(hào))

給你們，執(zhí)行。

2)

業(yè)經(jīng)

同意，現(xiàn)批轉(zhuǎn)給你們,請(qǐng)貫徹執(zhí)行。4.附件認(rèn)定

訓(xùn)練:修改下面一則通知。

關(guān)山市財(cái)政局轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)省財(cái)政廳文件的通知 各區(qū)財(cái)政局:

現(xiàn)在，將財(cái)政廳二00七年九月十五日第六號(hào)《關(guān)于個(gè)部門(mén)召開(kāi)訂貨會(huì)議,其住宿費(fèi)一律由招待所旅館等部門(mén)出具收費(fèi)的通知》發(fā)給你們.通知中指出的以會(huì)議專(zhuān)用章等名義出具,隨意提高收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),加收空房費(fèi),為會(huì)議上請(qǐng)客招待開(kāi)方便之門(mén)的違反財(cái)經(jīng)紀(jì)律的現(xiàn)象在我市也是存在的。今后，我市各單位的會(huì)議，其住宿費(fèi)出具收費(fèi)的單位,均擬按照上述通知的規(guī)定執(zhí)行。

二00七年

月

日

三、會(huì)議通知的寫(xiě)法

1標(biāo)題:關(guān)于召開(kāi)

會(huì)議名稱(chēng)

的通知

2正文開(kāi)頭

1)自然式

目的式

融合式

2)會(huì)議名稱(chēng)

3)過(guò)渡:現(xiàn)將會(huì)議有關(guān)事項(xiàng)通知如下

3主體 1)分條列項(xiàng)式

2)內(nèi)容

地點(diǎn)

時(shí)間

與會(huì)人員

攜帶材料

報(bào)到

食宿等 4結(jié)尾:自然式

強(qiáng)調(diào)式

希望式 訓(xùn)練:修改一則會(huì)議通知

關(guān)于召開(kāi)布置開(kāi)展增產(chǎn)節(jié)約勞動(dòng)競(jìng)賽活動(dòng)的通知 各分公司分廠各車(chē)間黨支部總公司直屬部門(mén):

為貫徹上級(jí)精神，總公司董事會(huì)研究決定在全公司范圍內(nèi)廣泛開(kāi)展增產(chǎn)節(jié)約勞動(dòng)競(jìng)賽活動(dòng).現(xiàn)在把會(huì)議有關(guān)問(wèn)題通知如下:

一會(huì)議時(shí)間:10月4日至8日.二會(huì)議地點(diǎn):總公司招待所.三與會(huì)人員:各分公司分廠總公司各直屬部門(mén)主管生產(chǎn)的負(fù)責(zé)同志工會(huì)主席等。

四請(qǐng)各單位準(zhǔn)備好本單位開(kāi)展勞動(dòng)競(jìng)賽活動(dòng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)材料,限5000字.并請(qǐng)與會(huì)人員于10月4日前來(lái)報(bào)到。

吉林省石化總公司

****年**月**日

四、任免人員通知

例文: 海防市人民政府關(guān)于單邊王鵬同志職務(wù)任 免的通知 各區(qū)縣人民政府,市政府各委辦局,直屬機(jī)構(gòu):

經(jīng)2007年9月4日海防市第十一屆人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第三十次會(huì)議決定: 任命單邊同志為海防市規(guī)劃委員會(huì)主任。

免去王鵬的海防市規(guī)劃委員會(huì)主任職務(wù)。

二00七年九月四日

五、指示性通知

例文: 烏魯木齊市人民政府辦公廳關(guān)于在機(jī)構(gòu)改革中加強(qiáng)我市中等專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)校管理工作有關(guān)問(wèn)題的通知

各區(qū)縣人民政府,市政府各委辦局,各中等專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)校: 為在政府機(jī)構(gòu)改革和中等職業(yè)教育結(jié)構(gòu)中切實(shí)保護(hù)國(guó)有教育資產(chǎn)，為我市中等專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)校的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造良好的環(huán)境，現(xiàn)就加強(qiáng)我市中等專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)校管理工作有關(guān)問(wèn)題通知如下：

一

二

第四講

通報(bào)

一、用法

表彰先進(jìn)批評(píng)錯(cuò)誤,傳達(dá)重要精神情況。

二、寫(xiě)法 1.標(biāo)題

1)關(guān)于表彰(獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))趙楠同學(xué)的通報(bào) 2)關(guān)于青海省特大騙匯案件的通報(bào) 2.正文

1)開(kāi)頭:概括敘述通報(bào)事實(shí)

2)主體:定性

通報(bào)根據(jù)

(過(guò)渡)決定 3)結(jié)尾:希望式

推及到面

訓(xùn)練:根據(jù)所給材料寫(xiě)一份通報(bào)

鐘荷花同學(xué)是烏魯木齊成人教育學(xué)院財(cái)經(jīng)系2007級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)管理班學(xué)生。2009年9月4日下午5點(diǎn)30分,她去參加應(yīng)聘工作.當(dāng)路過(guò)建設(shè)銀行幸福路儲(chǔ)蓄所門(mén)前,撿到了一捆錢(qián),坐等右等不見(jiàn)人來(lái)認(rèn)領(lǐng)，就把錢(qián)交給銀行工作人員。經(jīng)查,為人民幣三萬(wàn)元.又過(guò)了半個(gè)小時(shí),失主裴順福老人跌跌撞撞沿途找到銀行.當(dāng)老人拿到失而復(fù)得的錢(qián)時(shí)，老人異常激動(dòng),差點(diǎn)暈了過(guò)去。他淚流滿面,抽出一沓錢(qián)硬要塞給鐘荷花,她謝絕了.最終,老人打聽(tīng)到她所在學(xué)校，給學(xué)院送了一份感謝信。學(xué)院研究決定,表?yè)P(yáng)該生并獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)人民幣500元。

韓成是我院計(jì)科系2005級(jí)信息管理專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)生。2007年7月5日下午,他一個(gè)人在宿舍用電爐子煮火鍋吃,釀成火災(zāi),經(jīng)過(guò)周?chē)鷰熒膴^力撲救，大火撲滅,但宿舍的被褥,桌椅等均不同程度受損,價(jià)值折合人民幣521元。代學(xué)院寫(xiě)一份批評(píng)通報(bào)。

第五講

報(bào)告

一、用法

向上級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)匯報(bào)工作反映情況答復(fù)上級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)的詢問(wèn)。

二、種類(lèi):工作 專(zhuān)題 答復(fù) 遞送

三、寫(xiě)法

1.標(biāo)題

《烏魯木齊職業(yè)大學(xué)2010年工作報(bào)告》

《關(guān)于組織師生觀看討論影片<一曲難忘>情況的報(bào)告》 《關(guān)于近來(lái)學(xué)生思想動(dòng)態(tài)的報(bào)告》 2.正文開(kāi)頭

1)報(bào)告的目的或緣由 2)自然式

總括式 3正文主體,略

4.正文結(jié)尾:強(qiáng)調(diào)式 自然式 期請(qǐng)式 總結(jié)式

三、習(xí)作訓(xùn)練:根據(jù)材料寫(xiě)作.2007年8月26日下午約4點(diǎn),烏魯木齊地區(qū)普降大雨,為歷史上五十年不遇.當(dāng)日的氣象預(yù)報(bào)也沒(méi)能及時(shí)準(zhǔn)確報(bào)出.當(dāng)晚12點(diǎn),南山礦區(qū)暴發(fā)了泥石流,區(qū)人民醫(yī)院四間藥品庫(kù)平房被沖毀,八間職工宿舍被沖倒塌,很多醫(yī)療器械被沖走.該院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)趕緊組織職工搶險(xiǎn).經(jīng)過(guò)三個(gè)小時(shí)的奮戰(zhàn),該院把價(jià)值128萬(wàn)元的藥品搬到了安全的地方,被沖跑的醫(yī)療器械也全部找了回來(lái)。此時(shí),大雨忽停忽下，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)安排其他職工先回去休息.萬(wàn)一出現(xiàn)緊急情況再通知大家。

代請(qǐng)?jiān)撛航o區(qū)政府寫(xiě)一份反映這次災(zāi)害的報(bào)告。

第四篇：應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作

如何規(guī)范應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作

應(yīng)用文不但是人類(lèi)在長(zhǎng)期的社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中形成的一種文體，而且是人們傳遞信息、處理事務(wù)、交流感情的工具，有的應(yīng)用文還用來(lái)作為憑證和依據(jù)?？墒请S著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，人們?cè)诠ぷ骱蜕钪械慕煌絹?lái)越頻繁，事情也越來(lái)越復(fù)雜，因此應(yīng)用文的功能也就越來(lái)越多了。所謂應(yīng)用文是人們?cè)谏?、學(xué)習(xí)、工作中為處理實(shí)際事物而寫(xiě)作，有著實(shí)用性特點(diǎn)，并形成慣用格式的文章。

1.當(dāng)今社會(huì)包括政府單位在內(nèi)，很多應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作不規(guī)范的行為，如何更好規(guī)范應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作呢？

一、明確概念、認(rèn)清特點(diǎn)、把握語(yǔ)體特點(diǎn)

1、概念：

應(yīng)用文是黨政機(jī)關(guān)、企事業(yè)單位、人民團(tuán)體和個(gè)人在日常工作、學(xué)習(xí)和生活中處理公私事務(wù)時(shí)使用的具有實(shí)用價(jià)值和固定格式的文體。對(duì)應(yīng)用文的認(rèn)識(shí)，應(yīng)從兩方面考察，一是從文章的功用來(lái)看，應(yīng)用文從產(chǎn)生到發(fā)展都是以應(yīng)用為目的的，或用于處理公務(wù)，或用于個(gè)人事務(wù)，這一點(diǎn)，使它鮮明的區(qū)別于以審美為主要功能的文學(xué)作品；二是從文章的表現(xiàn)形式上看，應(yīng)用文較之于其他文體，有著更為嚴(yán)格的寫(xiě)作格式，語(yǔ)言文字也較簡(jiǎn)明通俗，這一點(diǎn)是與它功能上的實(shí)用性相適應(yīng)的。

2、特點(diǎn)：

第一，功能上的實(shí)用性。

應(yīng)用文的產(chǎn)生源于社會(huì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)生活方方面面的實(shí)際需要。國(guó)家出現(xiàn)，需要政事管理，出現(xiàn)公文，有了商品交換，契約文書(shū)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生；社會(huì)進(jìn)入法制階段，便產(chǎn)生了訴訟文書(shū)，實(shí)用性是應(yīng)用文最為根本的特征和生命之所在。應(yīng)用文是據(jù)以辦事的工具，它既有明確具體的實(shí)用目的，又有明確、固定的使用對(duì)象。

第二，內(nèi)容上的真實(shí)性。

應(yīng)用文的實(shí)用性是以真實(shí)性為基礎(chǔ)和前提的，失去真實(shí)性，應(yīng)用文就失去了價(jià)值和意義，甚至?xí)斐芍卮蟮钠茐男杂绊?。第三，形式上的程式性?/p>

由于社會(huì)交際的需要，應(yīng)用文的文體形式不斷完善和充實(shí)，在結(jié)構(gòu)形式、語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上形成了一些慣用的格式，在有些公用文書(shū)的辦理上也形成了一定的程式，這就是應(yīng)用文的程式性。這些程式化的東西，有的是約定俗成的，如信函、請(qǐng)柬的寫(xiě)法；有的是由國(guó)家權(quán)威行政機(jī)構(gòu)做出統(tǒng)一規(guī)定的，如行政公文的格式及寫(xiě)法，都是由《國(guó)家行政機(jī)關(guān)公文處理辦法》規(guī)定的，這個(gè)規(guī)定，1993年由國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳發(fā)布，2000年由國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)布，體現(xiàn)了高度的統(tǒng)一性。還有的是由行業(yè)約定，如經(jīng)濟(jì)應(yīng)用文的寫(xiě)法、建筑行業(yè)的招投標(biāo)書(shū)、司法應(yīng)用文中的起訴狀、上訴狀、申訴狀等都有具體的要求和約定。第四，時(shí)限性。

應(yīng)用文的寫(xiě)作是服務(wù)于生活和工作的實(shí)際需要的，是為解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的，所以要在一定時(shí)限內(nèi)完成，這就是它的時(shí)限性。這其中包括兩方面的內(nèi)容： 一方面從應(yīng)用文發(fā)揮作用的角度說(shuō)，它有一定的時(shí)限性，應(yīng)用文在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)有效，過(guò)了時(shí)間就不再有效，時(shí)間短的如開(kāi)會(huì)的通知，會(huì)議結(jié)束了通知就失效了，長(zhǎng)的如行政法規(guī)、規(guī)章，最長(zhǎng)的是國(guó)家的根本大法《憲法》，當(dāng)下一部《憲法》出臺(tái)后，原來(lái)的就只有保存的價(jià)值了。另一方面，從應(yīng)用文的撰寫(xiě)的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，它也要講究時(shí)限性，在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成應(yīng)用文的撰寫(xiě)，否則，就影響了工作。

二、應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作要遵守約定俗成的格式要求

關(guān)于應(yīng)用文的寫(xiě)作，要十分注重人們所說(shuō)的“約定俗成”的格式要求。這種寫(xiě)作規(guī)范并非是一種嚴(yán)格規(guī)定的法定形式，而是無(wú)數(shù)前人在寫(xiě)作實(shí)踐中所取得的某種共同的認(rèn)識(shí)和約定，也可以說(shuō)是一種審美趣味上的趨同和共識(shí)?？梢?jiàn)，“約定俗成”雖然不屬法定規(guī)范，但它必然包含著寫(xiě)作規(guī)范中許多合理因素，我們應(yīng)該加以繼承和保留，不應(yīng)隨意破壞和擅自修改，以免影響應(yīng)用文的特定交際功能。能夠善于運(yùn)用應(yīng)用文的“約定俗成”格式，也是一個(gè)人語(yǔ)文修養(yǎng)和水平的具體體現(xiàn)。

比如就書(shū)信而言，不要以為它的寫(xiě)作十分簡(jiǎn)單。寫(xiě)信寫(xiě)了十幾年了，還有錯(cuò)。實(shí)際上，真正能夠規(guī)范地全部書(shū)寫(xiě)正確書(shū)信格式的人，可以說(shuō)是鳳毛麟角。有的人對(duì)此不以為然，書(shū)信格式錯(cuò)了，不也照樣收到，意思也能理解。但它不知道，它所體現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)文修養(yǎng)卻是有天壤之別。就像吃飯一樣，有的人用臟手抓飯往嘴里塞，有的人卻用高級(jí)餐具進(jìn)餐，其風(fēng)格的粗魯和優(yōu)雅是不可相比的。

三、注重應(yīng)用文的語(yǔ)言特征

應(yīng)用文作為一種實(shí)用性文體，語(yǔ)言上與其他文體相比較，主要表現(xiàn)出“樸實(shí)、沿習(xí)、多元、明確、簡(jiǎn)練、生動(dòng)”等特征。

1、樸實(shí)——開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山、自然質(zhì)樸

文學(xué)作品屬形象思維范疇，主要用場(chǎng)景渲染、人物描寫(xiě)、心理刻畫(huà)等手法塑造出活生生的藝術(shù)形象來(lái)感染讀者，即“以情動(dòng)人”。語(yǔ)言上特別重視積極的修辭手法，特別講究動(dòng)詞、形容詞的錘練。論文寫(xiě)作屬邏輯思維范疇，以對(duì)事理的解剖分析、綜合歸納、邏輯推論“以理服人”，語(yǔ)言上特別重視語(yǔ)法、邏輯和專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)的準(zhǔn)確。

應(yīng)用文是一種處理公私事務(wù)的工具，是用來(lái)說(shuō)明事實(shí)、解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的，側(cè)重于“以事告人”。所以語(yǔ)言要求樸實(shí)無(wú)華、開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山。

2、沿習(xí)——文有定型、約定俗成。

一般說(shuō)“文無(wú)定法”，但寫(xiě)作應(yīng)用文應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循“慣例”。應(yīng)當(dāng)符合相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的格式、表述規(guī)定的內(nèi)容、使用習(xí)慣的語(yǔ)言。標(biāo)題、開(kāi)頭、結(jié)尾、轉(zhuǎn)折過(guò)渡采用習(xí)慣的用語(yǔ)。

3、多元——文字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)、表格圖形。

一般文章多用文字表述，應(yīng)用文除了用文字表述外，還可以用數(shù)據(jù)、表格、圖形來(lái)說(shuō)明事理，可謂“語(yǔ)出多門(mén)”。特別是財(cái)經(jīng)類(lèi)應(yīng)用文則大量采用數(shù)據(jù)、表格、統(tǒng)計(jì)圖形。

商務(wù)類(lèi)文體寫(xiě)作

4、明確——確切無(wú)誤、明白通曉。

文學(xué)創(chuàng)作講“文貴曲”，而應(yīng)用文有很強(qiáng)的政策性、實(shí)用性。要求語(yǔ)言明確，使人一看就懂，一懂就可執(zhí)行、答復(fù)或辦理，不能模棱兩可，不能有再創(chuàng)造的余地。明確特征要求，不用或少用比喻，不用或少用具有描寫(xiě)性和感性色彩的詞語(yǔ)。

5、簡(jiǎn)練——言簡(jiǎn)意賅、文約事豐。

“簡(jiǎn)”本來(lái)是戰(zhàn)國(guó)至魏、晉時(shí)代的書(shū)寫(xiě)材料，是削制成的狹長(zhǎng)竹片或木片。由于這種書(shū)寫(xiě)材料制作的困難，就要求作者必須言簡(jiǎn)意賅，盡量爭(zhēng)取以少少的文字，容進(jìn)多多的意思。“練”指把絲麻或布帛煮得柔軟潔白，這里是要求文字寫(xiě)得明白。

應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)得簡(jiǎn)實(shí)、煉是高速傳遞信息的需要，是節(jié)省時(shí)間、提高辦事效率的需要，也是樸明確特征在“文字量”上的體現(xiàn)

6、生動(dòng)——有聲有色、活潑鮮明。

語(yǔ)氣莊重、言簡(jiǎn)意明、直來(lái)直去、明白顯露是應(yīng)用文用語(yǔ)的基本要求。但在調(diào)查報(bào)告、總結(jié)等應(yīng)用文種里，也可以用生動(dòng)活潑的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)事理、吸引讀者，感染讀者。誠(chéng)然，上述應(yīng)用文文種不會(huì)象文學(xué)作品那樣借用種種寫(xiě)作手法來(lái)塑造形象，只可以有限使用比喻、借代、夸張等修辭技巧，穿插使用成語(yǔ)、俗語(yǔ)、歇后語(yǔ)等增強(qiáng)文章的吸引力、感染力、新鮮感。

應(yīng)用文不但是人類(lèi)在長(zhǎng)期的社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中形成的一種文體，而且是人們傳遞信息、處理事務(wù)、交流感情的工具，有的應(yīng)用文還用來(lái)作為憑證和依據(jù)。可是隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，人們?cè)诠ぷ骱蜕钪械慕煌絹?lái)越頻繁，事情也越來(lái)越復(fù)雜，包括政府單位在內(nèi)，很多應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作不規(guī)范的行為，如何更好規(guī)范應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作呢？

2.如何更好在社會(huì)各界推廣應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作？

隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的發(fā)展，人們?cè)诠ぷ骱蜕钪械慕煌絹?lái)越頻繁，事情也越來(lái)越復(fù)雜，因此應(yīng)用文的功能也就越來(lái)越多了，主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：

一、新聞媒體所說(shuō)的消息，也叫新聞。新聞這一概念有狹義和廣義之分。狹義的單指消息；廣義的指消息、通訊、報(bào)告文學(xué)、特寫(xiě)、評(píng)論、新聞?wù)掌鹊?。新聞消息是我們幾乎天天在?bào)上和電視上見(jiàn)面的一種應(yīng)用文。在各種新聞宣傳形式中，消息是目前世界上發(fā)表量最大、受眾最多的一種文體。它在報(bào)紙、廣播電臺(tái)、電視臺(tái)每天安排的新聞節(jié)目中，大多放在前面，而且使用頻率最高的一種文體。在西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，每天播出消息的數(shù)量占整個(gè)新聞節(jié)目的70％、80％，有的甚至超過(guò)這個(gè)比例，因此在新聞方面加強(qiáng)應(yīng)用文推廣有著至關(guān)重要。

二、營(yíng)銷(xiāo)人才不僅要精通網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息，能熟練運(yùn)用電子工具，而且還必須具有較強(qiáng)得應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作能力，也就是說(shuō)具有較強(qiáng)的應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作能力是衡量現(xiàn)代營(yíng)銷(xiāo)人才的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。所以說(shuō)對(duì)市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)生的應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作能力的培養(yǎng)在現(xiàn)代營(yíng)銷(xiāo)活動(dòng)中具有極其重要的作用。

三、應(yīng)用文是國(guó)家黨政機(jī)關(guān)、企事業(yè)單位、民主黨派、社會(huì)團(tuán)體以及廣大人民群眾，在日常工作、生產(chǎn)、科研、學(xué)習(xí)和生活中辦理公務(wù)和個(gè)人事務(wù)時(shí)所常用的具有直接使用價(jià)值和某種慣用體勢(shì)的一類(lèi)文章總稱(chēng)。它是人們交流思想、互通情況、解決問(wèn)題、處理事務(wù)的工具。因此在國(guó)家黨政機(jī)關(guān)、企事業(yè)單位、民主黨派、社會(huì)團(tuán)體加強(qiáng)應(yīng)用文推廣有著至關(guān)重要。

四、應(yīng)用文在日常工作、生產(chǎn)、科研、學(xué)習(xí)和生活中辦理公務(wù)和個(gè)人事務(wù)涉及的范圍比較寬廣，不僅體現(xiàn)在導(dǎo)游、海報(bào)、啟事、禮儀類(lèi)文體寫(xiě)作、主持詞的寫(xiě)作、演講詞的寫(xiě)作、名片和請(qǐng)柬的創(chuàng)意與寫(xiě)作，而且體現(xiàn)在求職應(yīng)聘類(lèi)文體寫(xiě)作、策劃類(lèi)文體寫(xiě)作、商務(wù)類(lèi)文體寫(xiě)作、報(bào)告類(lèi)文體寫(xiě)作、法律類(lèi)文體寫(xiě)作、實(shí)用類(lèi)文體寫(xiě)作、常見(jiàn)公文寫(xiě)作等等之類(lèi)的文體中。

總之，應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作有很明確的對(duì)象和目的，內(nèi)容強(qiáng)調(diào)真實(shí)不能有虛構(gòu)、夸張、什么比喻、擬人等等，它的文風(fēng)相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)就要樸實(shí)一些，不要憑個(gè)人好惡主觀臆斷。應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作在思維上側(cè)重邏輯思維，講究邏輯體現(xiàn)在文章結(jié)構(gòu)上。就是有條理清楚、井井有條，斷了之間有明顯的邏輯關(guān)系。陳述事項(xiàng)界限清晰，不交叉、不困亂，內(nèi)容前后講究因果，材料能夠證明觀點(diǎn)。應(yīng)用文有規(guī)定的格式，寫(xiě)作過(guò)程要按固定格式來(lái)寫(xiě)，不能標(biāo)新立異要遵守慣用或通用格式來(lái)寫(xiě)。應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作的目的是實(shí)用，語(yǔ)言要求簡(jiǎn)潔、明確、概括、精煉、恰當(dāng)使用詞語(yǔ)、專(zhuān)業(yè)詞語(yǔ)。應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作體現(xiàn)了實(shí)用性、功用性、固定性、真實(shí)性、明確性、針對(duì)性、客觀性、邏輯性、規(guī)范性、簡(jiǎn)明性、是應(yīng)用文所應(yīng)具備的基本特征，也是對(duì)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作的基本要求。

所以在社會(huì)各界推廣應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作對(duì)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展有著極其重要和積極促進(jìn)的重要作用和意義。

第五篇：應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作

Practical Writing I.Notices

Notices are mostly written to make known something about to happen or, sometimes, something that has happened.It may be an announcement of a meeting, a party, a film or video show, a contest, a match, etc.Such a notice includes at least three parts.1.Date—day of the week—time 2.Place 3.Activity For lectures or talks, the notices should also include: 4.Background information about the speakers, and for tours 5.Other details Models

Class Meeting Wednesday Oct.5 p.m.Rm 405

Movie— Hamlet in the Auditorium 4:00—6:00 p.m.Sat.Apr.5 Admission Free 3

Basketball Match on Playing Court # 1 English Dept.vs French Dept.Mon.June 6 5:00 PM 4

Women's Lib Movement on U.S.Campus

Speaker: Prof.Betty Powell Professor of Sociology, Smith College Author of The Other Half of the Sky

Date: Friday, 8 May Time: 10 a.m.Place: Rm.101 All Welcome!

Notice

The gentleman/lady who bought two ivory figurines and a lacquer ware coffee set from the Chinese Arts and Crafts Store on the morning of May 2nd has been overcharged through an accounting error.Will he/she please contact the Manager's Office to be refunded?

Manager's Office

FOUND

A brown leather wallet, in the dining hall on the morning of Sept.29th.Owner please claim at the Lost and Found Office, Rm.320 on the 3rd floor of the Office Building.Lost and Found Office

FOUND

A brown leather wallet, in the dining hall on the morning of Sept.29th.Owner please claim at the Lost Property Office, Rm.320 on the 3rd floor of the Office Building.Lost Property Office

SUNRISE TOUR GROUP Schedule for Tuesday, August 10

8:50 a.m.Meet in hotel lobby

to board bus for

the Summer Palace

Lunch at the Summer Palace

Quick stop at

the Friendship Store

for last-minute purchases 4:30 p.m.Return to hotel

Liu Xinhua，Tour Guide Monday, August 9 8

BUS

TOUR

We are arranging for a bus tour to the Summer Palace on this SATURDAY, 24th September.The bus will depart from the Beijing Hotel shortly after 8：30 a.m.and will return around 6 p.m., in time for dinner at the Hotel.Lunch will be served atRestaurant in the Summer Palace.There will be quick stops at the Haidian Free Market and the Beijing Zoo on our way back.If you would like to join us, please place your name on the sheet on the Notice Board, or tell Mr.Wang Huaide or Xiao Liu at the front desk, and meet in the lobby at 8:30 a.m., SATURDAY, 24th September.Cordially yours，(Signature)

Hu Wendi, Tour Guide

II.Greetings, Good Wishes, Congratulations, and Condolences

These are words conveying different messages for different occasions usually written on cards which include: 1.name of the person to whom the message is sent: To Mr.& Mrs.Smith/Dr.Brown/Prof.Stone/Dick/Annette 2.the message 3.name of the sender:

from Li Lihua Model

To Dr.Brown, A Merry Christmas and A Happy New Year!

from Li Lihua 1.Greetings(1)For Christmas and the New Year:

1)A Merry Christmas and A Happy New Year!2)Sending you wishes for a beautiful Christmas and a New Year filled with happiness!3)Best wishes for a Happy and Prosperous New Year!4)Warm regards and season's greetings.5)Warmest thoughts and best wishes for a wonderful holiday and a very Happy New Year.6)Remembering you with a warm wish for a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.(2)For a birthday: Happy Birthday!Many Happy Returns of the Day!(3)For a wedding anniversary: Many Happy Returns of Your Wedding Anniversary!2.Good Wishes(1)To someone in hospital: 1)Best wishes for a speedy recovery.2)Get Well Soon!3)Warmest Get-Well Wishes.(2)For an examination: Good luck in your examination!(3)For an interview for a jobs: Good Luck in your interview!3.Congratulations(1)On success in doing something:

Hearty congratulations on your success!(2)On a marriage: Hearty congratulations on your marriage and best wishes to you both!Best wishes for a long and happy married life to you both.4.Condolences Heartfelt/Sincere condolences in your great loss.We were shocked and deeply sorry to learn the passing away of Mr.A.Please accept our very sincere condolences in your great loss.III.Notes

Notes are short letters written for various purposes.Compared with a letter, a note is simpler in form and often informal or colloquial in language.In a note, the following may be omitted: 1.the addresses of the addressee and the addresser 2.the word “Dear” in the salutation 3.the complimentary close 4.the year in the date Be sure that the date of your note is made quite clear.Though the date may be written in numbers only, it is best not to use only numbers to avoid misunderstanding and confusion;for 10/1/93 is Oct.1, 1993 to the Americans, but Jan.10, 1993 to the British and most Europeans.October 1, 1993 may also be written as 1(st)October(,)1993 or abbreviated to 1 Oct.'93, with or without a comma between the month and the year when you write the day before the month.The names of other months with the exception of May are often abbreviated to Feb., Mar., Apr., Aug., Sept., Nov., and Dec.June and July may be abbreviated to Jun.and Jul., but it is better lo spell them out.Models

1.Appointments 1.Feb.11

Helen, Could we see each other for about an hour on Friday afternoon at 3 o'clock?

Xiaohong

2.July 15 Larry, I have to meet my wife at the airport at 3 p.m.today.Shall we discuss the matter at 10 tomorrow morning? If not, please ring me to make another time—many thanks.Liu

3.Tues.May 9 Prof.Lowell, I'd like to discuss with you the outline of my BA thesis.Could you please appoint a time and leave a message for me with Ms.Lin at/in the department office? Thank you.Wang Hong 4.Mar.8 Mr.Magee, Would you please arrange for(our)Mr.Tan Yiguo to be met at the...airport? He arrives at 18:40 hours on Flight BE 421 from London.Many thanks, Su Hoping

2.Apologies 1.Tues.Oct.20 Dear Prof.Richards, I'm sorry I couldn’t' make our 4 o’clock appointment.My meeting lasted a lot longer than I expected.I could meet you in the department office tomorrow at 3, if that is convenient for you.If not, please leave a note in my mailbox, # 529, tomorrow morning.Thank you, Zhang Hongyi

Tuesday 20th October Dear Prof.Richards, I'm sorry I couldn’t' make our 4 o’clock appointment.Prof.Sterne's lecture lasted a lot longer than I expected.I could meet you in the department office tomorrow at 3, if that is convenient for you.If not, please leave a note in my mailbox, # 529, tomorrow morning.Thanks, Zhang Hongyi

2.Sat, Oct.31 Dear Mr.Clark, I would like to express my apologies for not being able to keep our 9 o'clock appointment.I had a small accident on my way to school.I will come over to your apartment the day after tomorrow----Monday, November 2, at 9 a.m.if that is convenient for you.I will check my mailbox(# 245)tomorrow to see if you have left a note for me.Otherwise, I will see you at nine, Monday morning.With many apologies，Li Xiaomei

3.Dec.10 Dear Mr.Liang, I am so sorry I have been unable to get you the address of Mr.John Eastman yet.I have tried very hard but have had no success.1 shall keep on trying.Yours sincerely, Jane Bunyan

4.Dec.12 Dear Ms.Bunyan, I am sorry I have given you so much trouble over finding Mr.John Eastman’s address.I am very grateful to you for all you have done.Please do not worry about the matter any further.Sincerely, Liang Xinyu 5.Oct.4 Susan, I am sorry to have to tell you that I shall not be able to come to the party, because I have a bad cold.I do hope you will have a good time.Feihong

6.2nd Nov.Henry, I am sorry I shall be out of town on business on Nov.8, so I am afraid I am having to postpone our meeting to Thursday, Nov.12 at the same hour.I do hope you can still come, and very much regret any inconvenience the postponement may cause you.Shihui

7.3rd July Jianhua, I am terribly sorry 1 failed to meet you at the school gate yesterday afternoon.I had one of the bike tires punctured on my way, and by the time I had the puncture mended and got to school, you must have given up hope and left.Do please forgive me.George

3.Informal invitations 1.Julyl George, Would you like to come swimming with me next Monday afternoon? We could meet at the school gate at about 1:30 p.m.and then go together.Jianhua

2.Cathy, We are having tea and moon cakes in my flat(392)tomorrow night(Thursday)about 8 p.m.Do come if you are free.Huiling 3.Dear Mr./Prof.Leavis, There will be a meeting of our drama group on Saturday afternoon, April 5, at 5 in our classroom, # 410, in this building to discuss which play to put on for English Evening.We would like to hear your suggestions and hope you will come if you possibly can.Song Liping

4.Dear Ms.Gates, We are having a party in our classroom, # 402, to celebrate....Would it be possible for you to join us on Friday, December 29, at 8 p.m.? We would be very happy if you could be with us.Students of Class 5 Grade '93

5.Mr.& Mrs.Johnson, We should be very glad if you could come to dinner with us at our apartment at about 7 p.m.on Wednesday, Sept.21st.We look forward to seeing you.Liling & Dahua

4.Requests

1.1st August Dear Judy, Congratulations on your very good paper at the conference.Could I have a copy of it sent to the following address...? Thank you.Jiaxin

2.Dan, Please let me know as soon as possible what arrangements you have made.Thank you.Tong

3.Dear Mr.White, Would you please let us have the information about your flights to Sydney by next week.Thanks.Zhang Qingyuan

* I would like to receive this publication regularly.* I would be grateful if you could let me have full details of the symposium.* We would appreciate having the addresses and telephone numbers of your branches in Tokyo, London, and San Francisco.5.Thanks 1.Huiling, Thank you very much for the invitation.I would be delighted to come.Cathy 2.Dear Hongfei & Weizhou, Many thanks for your kind invitation to dinner on September 23rd.David and I accept with pleasure.Teresa

* Thank you very much for the lovely dinner yesterday.We enjoyed the evening a lot.* 1 am writing to thank you for the wonderful time we had at your party l.ast night.3.Dear Mr.Singh, I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for your warm hospitality during my stay in New Delhi.I enjoyed it greatly.Fang Tongbao

* I am writing to express my appreciation of all that you did for me during my visit to New Delhi.* Thank yon so much for your assistance / for the information you gave us.1 should be happy to reciprocate your kindness at any time.* It was most kind of you to give us the benefit of your experience.Please accept our warmest thanks.6.Messages 1.Dear Mr.Ali, Here is a ticket for the exhibition tomorrow.The car will come around at 10:00 tomorrow morning.Hong 2.Dear Mr.Hussain, A Mr.Ali who recently arrived from Egypt wishes to see you.You are requested lo ring him up any lime this evening from 8:00 to 10:00 at 500-5566, Ext.2106.Liu IV.Letters

Letters are important means of communication.Generally speaking, there are two types of letters, business letters and personal letters.By “business” we do not mean buying, selling, or exchanging goods with people or companies but important matters we have to discuss or deal with.Business letters may be a recommendation, a job/school application, an inquiry, an answer, an invitation, a complaint, etc.In other words, all letters which are not “personal“ are ”business“ letters.1.Form A letter has six parts: the heading, the inside address, the salutation, the body, the complimentary close, and the signature.(1)The heading The heading gives the full address of the writer and the date of the letter.It is usually written or typed in the upper right-hand corner of the first page.It may be either blocked or indented.It may or may not have end punctuation.If letterhead stationery is used, the date is often centered two or three spaces below the printed matter, though it may be written flush with either margin.The British may put a comma after each line in the heading and end the address with a period, but the Americans do not: British Ms.Jennifer Stone, 20 Fairview Drive, Eastbourne, 2BU.England.Take care that the date of your letter is made perfectly clear(See III.Notes)

(2)The inside address The inside address, which is often omitted in personal letters, gives the name and full address of the addressee.It goes above the salutation.As in the heading, the use or nonuse of end punctuation depends on the preference of the writer.BN18

American

Ms.Jennifer Stone 20 Fairview Drive Eastbourne, BN18 2BU England(3)The salutation The salutation is a greeting to the addressee.It is written flush with the left margin two spaces below the inside address.The British tend to use a comma after the salutation and the Americans a colon, especially in a business letter.The first name(Christian name)may be used in friendly personal letters.But in the salutation of a business letter, the surname of the addressee is used, as in the following examples: British: Dear Professor/Prof.Smith, Dear Mr./Dr.Stein, Dear Ms.Santos,(or Dear Miss Santos,)Dear Ms.Singh,(or Dear Mrs.Singh,)

American: Dear Professor/Prof.Smith: Dear Mr./Dr.Stein: Dear Ms.Santos:(or Dear Miss Santos:)Dear Ms.Singh:(or Dear Mrs.Singh:)

What merits the attention of Chinese students is that they should use Ms.when the marital status of a woman addressee is not known or when she(married or not)prefers the Ms.In letters to organizations, or to persons whose names you do not know, the following greetings are used:

Dear Sir:(or Dear Madam:)(or Dear Sir or Madam: if you do not know the sex of your addressee)

To whom it may concern:(only for testimonials and things of that kind)

Dear colleague:(to a person who is of the same profession as the writer, and usually used when you are sending a circular to many people)(4)The body In the body of the letter, all paragraphs should begin flush with the left margin(the block style)or begin with an equal indention(the indented style), and the letter is usually single-spaced within-the paragraph and doubled-spaced between paragraphs.(5)The complimentary close The closing of a business letter consists of three parts: complimentary close, signature, and the typed name.In the complimentary close, only the first word is capitalized.The close is followed by a comma.The conventional complimentary closes in business letters are: ”Yours truly,“ ”Yours Sincerely,“ ”Sincerely yours,“ ”Sincerely,” “Cordially yours” or ”Yours cordially.”

The close of a personal letter is of a more free choice.“Affectionately,” “Fondly,” “ Yours with love, ” “With best wishes, “ ”Love,” “Yours,” ”As ever, “ etc., can be used apart from ”Yours sincerely, “ ”Yours truly, “ etc.;which one of these you use depends on your exact relationship with the addressee.The closing can be put either on the right-hand side or left-hand side of the page.Some writers even prefer to have it in the middle one or two spaces below the last line of the letter.(6)The signature In a business letter the handwritten signature is placed between the complimentary close and the typed name of the writer, and writer's official capacity is indicated after the typed name.In a personal letter, you may sign your full name, your first name, or even a nickname in accordance with your relationship with the addressee.If you send along with your letter such things as a resume check, a receipt, etc., write Enclosure(s)or EHC.to remind addressee that besides the letter, there is another material in the envelope.If you happen to have something additional to say after you have finished the letter, you may begin with P.S., which stands for ”postscript“, and then write what you wish to add.2.Language The style and tone of letters can be greatly varied.Generally speaking, the style and tone of a personal letter differ from those business letters—the former is casual, whereas the latter is form However, for either of them, the language should be clear and direct.Business letters should be polite in lone, exact and concise wording.387 Paragraphs in business letters tend to be short.Very often you find the first and last paragraphs are single-sentence paragraphs.The first paragraph may be a single sentence that indicates the subject and purpose of the letter.If necessary, one more sentence may be used to refer to previous correspondence when such correspondence needs to be remembered.When you answer a business letter, it is advisable to identify it by mentioning its subject and date.Always remember that you begin and end a business letter with a cour-teous tone.The following are some useful expressions with which to begin or end you letters.(1)Business letters 1)Invitation * I am writing on behalf of all the members of our Literature Society to ask...* We should be very grateful if you could give a talk on ”The Latest Development in...“ to our...Club on Saturday afternoon, June 20th...2)Application for entry to a college * I am writing to ask whether you could send me some information about your college and for the application forms...* I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to do graduate study in your university...' ?

* Thank you very much for the information you sent me about your college and for the application forms, which I am returning with

388 three letters of recommendation * Thank you for your enquiry about the possibility of coming as a visiting Scholar to the Department of....We should be very pleas welcome you here and to invite you to participate in the activity the Department.3)Application for scholarships/assistantships/membership jobs * I should like to apply for one of the scholarships that your department may be offering to students from other countries.Would please send me the necessary application forms and any truth tails about the scholarships...* I should be very grateful if you could let me have details c teaching assistantships in electric engineering that your department may have...* I am thinking of applying for membership of your library/d should be grateful if you would let me know how I should go it.../would you be kind enough to let me know the facility provide? * Thank you for the information about your scholarships/teaching assistantships....* Thank you for the scholarship application forms which you are

kind enough to send me...? Thank you for your help in this matter.? Thank you for your letter/I have received your letter of/date 19...* I see from your advertisement in yesterday's China Daily.* I am interested in the post/I should like to apply for the position which you advertised in yesterday's China Daily...389 * I should very much like to be considered for the post of...which was advertised in...* I am looking for a job as..., and would be grateful if you would consider me for such a post in your firm.* Thank you for your time and consideration.? I can come for an interview at any time convenient to you.? I look forward to your early reply/the interview.? I look forward to hearing from you and I do hope I shall have the opportunity of an interview.4)Applications for visas * I am planning to visit Singapore in June and should be grateful if you would let me know what I have to do to get a visa...* Will you please kindly let me have a visa for entry to your country? I enclose the forms which you sent me and also two photographs...(2)Personal letters * I am sorry that it has taken me so long to reply.., but...You will be very glad to hear that...* I thought you would be interested to hear of...* Best regards to you and your family.* Please remember me to.../ Please say hello for me to...* Please accept our thanks in advance.* If there is anything I can do for you, please do not hesitate to let me know.* In the meantime, please accept my very best wishes for a complete and speedy recovery.*...join me in sending you our warmest congratulations/in conveying our sincere sympathy to members of his family.390 3.Addressing an Envelope Write the full name and the address of the addressee in the middle part of the envelope.The return address which gives the full name and address of the writer is placed in the upper left-hand corner of the envelope.Note that the name of the addressee is written first;then the number of his/her house, followed by the name of the road/street, on the same line;then the town/city in which he/ she lives;then the county/state and the zip code;and lastly the country, if the letter is an international one.Li Mingxin

Dept.of English Beijing Foreign Studies Univ.Beijing.100081 China

Prof.Richard Miller 502 North Olive Avenue

West Palm Beach.Florida 33402 U.S.A.The following may be written on the top left-hand corner of the envelope '?(1)Put Printed Matter for printed material to be sent by surface mail.(2)Write Please Forward if you want your letter to be sent on to the addressee whose new address you do not know.(3)Mark the envelope with Photo(graph)s:(Please)Do not bend or Photos Enclosed if there are photographs in your letter.391(4)If you ask Mr.Richard Miller to pass on a letter to Mr.Li Mingxin, write Mr.Li Mingxin first, followed by c/o(which stands for ”care of“)Prof.Richard Miller and the latter's address;Mr.Li Mingxin

c/o Prof.Richard Miller

502 North Olive Ave.West Palm Beach, Florida 33402

U.S.A.5)If you ask Mr.Li Mingxin to forward a letter to Prof.Richard Miller in person, there is no need to write the address;just put Prof.Richard Miller in the middle of the envelope and underneath, Kindness of Mr.Li Mingxin.Prof.Richard Miller Kindness of Mr.Li Mingxin

392Models

1.Business Letters

Inquiry

f English Department Beijing Foreign Studies Univ.Beijing, 100081 China , Sept.5.1993

HEditor Newsweek International 444 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10022 U.S.A.Dear Editor:-

? Inside address

Salutation

I read in Newsweek/ September 14, 1987 that an updated second edition of the unabridged Random House Dictionary of the English Language is being published.I would be very grateful if you could give me some information on-where and how I can get a copy of the dictionary and if there is a less expensive edition than the one described.Thank you for any help you can give me.Complimentary close ? Signature — Typed name ? Invitation

Date

Dear Mr.Harvey: We should be very grateful if you could give a talk on ”...“ to students of the English Department on Saturday, Apr.19.If I his subject does not suit you, any other similar topic would also he welcome.We have already had several very interesting talks from distinguished visitors from various countries this semester and look forward eagerly to the opportunity to benefit from your experience and wisdom.I Sincerely yours.J Li Gang, President, Student Union ^Beijing Foreign Studies Univ.Closing ?

Offici(3)Dear Prof.Li:

On behalf of Acting President Catherine Chapman and Wellesley College, I am extending to you our formal invitation to visit Wellesley' s campus.We have arranged a meeting between you and Mrs.Chapman for the morning of June 29 at 9:00.We would like to have you as the guest of the College for an overnight stay at the College Club either the night of June 28 or June 29.We are all looking forward to your visit to our campus.Sincerely,(Signature)Helen T.Lynn Chairman and

Kenan Chair Professor Application and Reply

338 E.44th St.Apt.11A New York, NY 10017 U.S.A.Mav 16, 1992 Professor Wang Yiming Department of English Beijing Foreign Studies University Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China

395 Dear Professor Wang: I am interested in teaching English in the People's Republic of China.I am qualified to teach reading, writing and literature.An acquaintance of mine, Mr.Liu Yongli of your University suggested that I should write to you.Presently, I work as a teaching assistant in X College in Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.My background is strong in the liberal arts, especially in the English language.I have a Ph.D.degree in linguistics from University of Michigan.Enclosed you will find a copy of my resume.Basically, I am interested in a position as a foreign language expert or as a teacher.If you have any positions available, please allow me to interview with you.Thank you for your time and consideration.'

Respectfully yours,(Signature)Christine Stein End.396 BEIJING FOREIGN STUDIES UNIVERSITY Department of English 2 North Xisanhuan Ave.Beijing，100081 China letterhead June 14, 1993 Ms.Christine Stein 338 E.44th St.Apt.11A New York, NY 10017 U.S.A.Dear Ms.Stein: Thank you for your letter of May 16.I must apologize for taking so long in answering, a situation caused by a number of recent conferences.We appreciate your desire to offer your services to our University.From the information you supplied about yourself, there would be no question about your qualifications.However, we have only a small quota for foreign teachers, and all our positions for this year and the coming academic year have already been filled.We shall keep your offer on file and inform you should there be any openings.In the meantime, you might try other colleges here in Beijing or other cities.397 Thank you once again for your offer.Best wishes for success.Sincerely,(Signature)Wang Yiming(,)Chairman Department of English

Date

Chairman Department of Sociology University of Massachusetts at Amherst Amherst, MA 01003 U.S.A.Dear Sir:

I am writing to you in the hope of obtaining a one-year grant to do some research work in your department.I am an associate professor in the Department of History in the Central Institute for Nationalities.In addition to research work, I also offer courses in ethnology and sociology.Recently I have just finished a book on the history of the Jews in China, which is to be published by the New World Press ill(lie coming year.Enclosed please find three letters of recommendation and my resume.398

Thank you for your time and consideration.I look forward, to your reply

Sincerely yours,(Signature)Lo Liguo End.Department of Sociology UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AT AMHERST

(Letterhead)

Thompson Hall Amherst, MA 01003(413)545-0577

June 30, 1990 Mr.Lo Liguo Dept.of History Central Institute for Nationalities Beijing, 100081 P.R.C.Dear Mr.Lo;Thank you for your inquiry about obtaining a one-year grant to do some research work in our department.At the present time there are no grants available, and there is nothing immediately in prospect.Thank you for your interest in our department.I wish you well in find-

399 ing a one-year grant for doing research this coming year.Sincerely yours,(Signature)Joseph Lasky Professor and Chair

Dear Mr.Stratton: I would like to apply for the summer position of proofreader which you advertised in the June 16 issue of Beijing Youth.Currently I am a junior at Beijing Foreign Studies University, where I am working toward a BA degree in English.Last summer I held a similar position with Beijing Review, working as their summer replacement in the editorial department.I enjoyed the seemingly tedious work which I knew would further my professional goal of becoming an editor.The experience also helped me improve my typing skills, which I understand, is required for the job I am applying for.Mr.Liu Kailu, head of the editorial department thought well of my ability, enthusiasm, and devotion.He said that he would welcome a call from you if you wish to know more about me.His office telephone number is 831-0645.In Beijing Foreign Studies University I have been working hard and doing well in the major courses.I am fluent in both written and spoken English and my reading skills are also satisfactory.Besides, I am learning computer languages such as Basic and Fortune, so I believe I can work for your magazine without much additional training.My English teacher.Professor Shi Danian has kindly agreed to write a reference for me if it is required.400 I am available for an interview every afternoon except Wednesday.Please contact me at 842-2277, ext.309 or P.0.Box 235, Beijing Foreign Studies University, 100081.Thank you for your consideration.Sincerely yours, Su Hua Dear Professor Cooper: I have read the annual prospectus issued by your school and found that it has the best graduate program of cross-cultural studies, which you are currently presiding over.I am greatly interested in the program and hope that I may do my MA work under your instruction.I am 28 years old and am now working in the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries, in charge of affairs in the Pacific areas.I love my work, as it brings me into contact with all kinds of people.At the same time, I feel the urgent need to improve myself and update my knowledge so that I can do my work better.I graduated from Beijing Foreign Studies University in 1989, majoring in English and majoring in cross-cultural communications.In college I took such courses as World History, American Society and Culture, Introduction to European Culture, and Cultural Exchanges between the East and the West, which were all conducted in English.So I believe I will have no difficulty in my MA studies.401

I have broad interests in various fields such as history, literature, music, and photography.I love sports, too;I joined the Literary Society in college and was also on the English Department's volleyball team.I have discussed my application with three of my former professors, who have urged me to apply and have kindly written letters of recommendation for me, which I enclose with this letter.I would be very grateful if you could send me the necessary application forms and any information about your scholarships or teaching assistantships.I look forward very much to hearing from you soon.Sincerely yours, Zhao Jingsheng Enclosures

Introduction

532 Overbrook Road Bloomfield Hills, Michigan 48013 January 4, 1992 Prof.Liu Fangyi Dept.of Foreign Languages Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008 People's Republic of China

402 Dear Prof.Liu^ May I introduce Professor Robert Kim, Professor of Chinese language and literature at San Francisco State University and Director of the Institute for Sino-American Studies at San Francisco State University.The Institute for Sino-American Studies has responsibility for facilitating academic exchanges between appropriate institutions in China and San Francisco State University.The Board of the Institute has requested that its Director pursue discussions and preliminary negotiations with likely institutions in China.We would greatly appreciate your receiving Professor Kim as our representative in these matters and engaging in discussions with him.Truly yours,(Signature)John M.Gould, Chairman of the Board Institute for Sino-American Studies Congratulations

Mr.Hugh MacDougal(Address)June 18, 1991 Dear Mr.MacDougal，403 I was very happy to learn that you have been elected President of the Scotland China Association and I would like, on behalf of the Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and in my own name, to express to you my warmest congratulations.I hope that during your tenure of office the relations of friendship and cooperation that already exist between our two organizations will be further developed.Let us join our efforts to make greater contributions to the promotion of mutual understanding and friendship between the peoples of China and Scotland.With best wishes.Sincerely yours,(Signature)Chen Haitao President CPAFFC Reference To whom it may concern:

Tao Xiaoling was enrolled as student in my...course at the...University in 1990.Her performance in the class was outstanding.^ Ms.Tao participated in all of the class discussions with obvious interest, and she made valuable contributions.She has a keen mind, capable of clear logical analysis of complex subjects.She also has worthwhile original ideas, and she expresses them clearly and effectively.404 In addition, Ms.Tao has a pleasant personality.She gets along very well with other people because of her

warm and friendly attitude toward them.Ms.Tao has already proved that she can do outstanding work as an undergraduate in our university.I am sure that she would continue to do well in any university in Canada.I recommend her to you with no reservations.Sincerely yours.(Signature)(Typed name)(Official capacity)2.Personal Letters

Date Dear Liping, Jim and I want to thank you again for your part of the delicious dinner at the Wang house the other night.Everything was marvelous—obviously;I'm afraid that I'll go back to Boston even rounder than when I arrived!We want to thank you for all sorts of other things too—but I imagine we'll see you again—so I'll end

for now.As ever, Elizabeth

405

LETTERHEAD DATE Dear Liping:

It has been a few months since I last wrote you and sent you a box of books, and as I have not heard anything from you, I thought I would write again to make certain that you did, in fact, receive my letter and the books.I am concerned about the books arriving there and would appreciate your letting me know if you have received them and if they were the kind of books that you could use.Best regards, George

Date

Dear Liping, Liu Danhong called me about two weeks ago and said he had a message from you, so I asked him and his wife to have dinner and invited Hugh and Evelyn Levin, whom I thought it might be good for him to know.I was delighted to get the lovely cloth shoes and to hear that your father is recovering from the operation and that things seem hopeful.407 I appreciate your recommendation of Ms.Yan Fangzhi, and I will make certain that a copy of your letter is placed in her application review folder.I have recently accepted the post as Director of the Institute of Asian Culture at the Center.I find this position a very challenging one which entails a lot of administrative work.The Center will also be looking forward to greeting our new president.Dr.Michael Palana, a China specialist from Oxford.Dr.Palana is planning to start in January.We have an exciting year ahead of us.Carolyn joins me in sending all good wishes to you and your family.Sincerely, Philip Enclosure Dear Zhang, Thank you very much for the postcard you sent us on your arrival home.We were glad to know that you had arrived home safely and were settling down to your way of life again.We also received today a card from Yang Daoming and perhaps you would be kind enough to thank him for me 408-I should see him.Eddie was thrilled to receive a card from you as well [ know he will be writing to you.Matthew is getting to be a little chatterbox and is now at the climbing i.I think he still remembers you as when he wakes up in the mornings times calls out ”Zhang“.I'm sure he also misses the sweet-tin from second drawer of the chest in your room!

We do hope you are reaping the benefit now of your studies in England, that it is a help to you with your teaching.We often think of you when-there is news on the T.V.from China.Please remember us to all your friends and should you ever have time to ie we would be pleased to hear from you.Matthew sends you all a big kiss.Best wishes，James, Linda, and Matthew

Curriculum vitae

Curriculum vitae(c.v.)or resume is a short written account main events of one’s life.It is often required when one applies for a job.A curriculum vita usually includes the following items: name, s, telephone number, date of birth, education, and work ex-=e.Among other headings that may be added are marital status-citizenship/nationality，present position/current status, S/honors and scholarships, publications, current studies/re-t professional affiliations/memberships, languages, travel, is and interests;and references/referees.These should be inserted at suitable and logical places, but when letters of recommen-dation are not sent along with the c.V, references/referees should be the last item.When you compose your curriculum vitae, try to give the information that will show you in the best possible light.1.Name;unlike most Westerners, we Chinese put our family name at the beginning as surname, whereas they put it at the end as last name.To avoid misunderstanding, you may either put a comma after your surname—Wang, Ming—or capitalize every letter of it like this—WANG Ming.2.Address: If you like, you may write both your business or temporary address and your home address.For example: Temporary address: 17 University Ave.Providence, RI 02906(until Dec.31, 199-)

3.Telephone.”(0)or(W)is put after your office telephone number and(H), your home telephone number.4.Marital Status: Put Single or Married(, no/two children).5.Education: Schools should be listed either in chronological order(usually starting from the year when you entered college or when you got your first degree)or from the most recent backwards with the dates of attendance.Whichever way you choose, be sure that the items under such headings as work experience, awards and publications follow the same order.For example,(1)1978-1979

Nankai University Major: History 1979-' 1982

Zhongshan University Major: History 1988-1989

Harvard University Major: American Civilization(2)1985

M.A.in Computer Science, Qinghua University 1980

B.A.in Mathematics, Lanzhou University 6.Professional/Work Experience: Under this heading, in addition to the date, write also your position/title and the name of the institution.For example '?

1992-

Associate Professor of Economics, Wuhan University 19861989

Fulbright Award, United States State Department Exchange Program，Washington

USA.1990

Excellent Student, University 8.Publications: Books and articles follow the format of the biblioj raphy card in Part Eight The Research Paper, with the name ' the author omitted.411

Book:

Introduction to English Stylistics.Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 1987.Article:

“Journals and Letters of Henry David Thoreau.' Trans.American Literature Quarterly, No.4, 1983.9.Professional Affiliations/Memberships: Examples under this heading are: 1971-

Member, Yunnan Provincial Writers' Association 1980June 1984 Nicholas Evans Scholarship in English Literature, 1987-88.-Illinois State Scholarship, Scholastic honors: 1984-88.416

Technical training

Attended a two-week seminar on

”Advertising in Today's Marketplace, “ sponsored by College of Business and Murray County Association of

Personal Data Age

Married, one child Health

Excellent

Willing to relocate Memberships

Journalism Club(President, 1986-87)Hobbies

Photograph, swimming

References Ms.Helen Grim

Dr.John Undsay

Mr.David Reed Grim'8 Variety Store

Prof.of English

Advertising ManageState Univ.682 Sumner St.Somerville, MA 02143 Nonnal, IL 61761

Akron, OH 44311 Phone(617)628-0977 Phone(309)436-9903.Curriculum Vitae Name

Lo, Liguo Address

Dept.of History

Central Institute for Nationalities 'Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China Telephone

842-0077 Ext.3931(0)Ext, 2024(H)Languages Date of Birth

May 8, 1953 Nationality

Chinese Education 1973-1977

People's University, Beijing Major: History 1983-1985

University of Hawaii at Manoa Major: History 1987-1991

Central Institute for Nationalities, Beijing Major: Ethnology Received Ph.D.in Ethnology, July 1991.English, fluent in spoken and written Japanese and French, able to read Professional Experience 1977-1987

Assistant, Lecturer of History, Central Institute for Nationalities 1992-Present Associate Professor of Sociology, Central Institute for Nationalities Courses offered: Introduction to Sociology, EthnoloAwards and Scholarships 1977

”Excellent Student“, People's University 1980

”O(jiān)utstanding Teacher“, Central Institute for Nationalities 1987

Recipient of Wu Wenzao Scholarship, Central Institute for Nationalities 418 Publications

”China's Regional Autonomy Law.“ China Daily, 10 Dec.1989, P.4.”The Influence of Islamism on Chinese History." Chinese Muslims, No.4(1990), pp.14-16,21.A Brief History of the Jews in China.Beijing: New World Press, 1993.Exercises

I.Notices Write a notice 1.to announce a meeting/party/film show/football match/ talk;2.to give information about a bus tour to the Great Wall/some scenic spot/place of historic interest.II.Notes 1.Write a note to a foreign expert(1)making an appointment to discuss the outline of your paper with him/her;(2)asking him/her to a party to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival;

(3)apologizing for not being able to hand in your paper on time;(4)thanking him/her for lending you the reference book you 419 need.2.Write a note to a foreign friend(1)asking him/her to go to a Peking opera;(2)asking him/her to a birthday party;(3)apologizing for not being able to keep an appointment;(4)thanking him/her for a small gift.Note that the style and tone you use for notes in 1 and 2 should be somewhat different—the former is more formal, and the latter, ratDI.Letters 1.Write a business letter(1)asking a well-known professor to give a talk to students of your department;(2)asking for/giving information about a new product;(3)asking for information about a college and for the application forms;(4)applying for a scholarship/an assistantship;(5)applying for a job.Note that in(3),(4)and(5)you usually provide some information about yourself, such as age, educational background, professional expemodel Business Letters(4),(6),(8)and(9).2.Write a personal letter to a pen friend, telling him/her whatever you would like him/her to know about yourself.3.Write a personal letter to a friend.4.The following is a letter from a reader published in ChinaDaily.Write a letter in reply, explaining China' s single-child policy.The letterand meant to be published in China Daily.Editor: I'm a woman's liberationist.I read in a newspaper that women in China are not allowed to decide how may children they want to have.Thercalling itself a socialist state could trample on this first and most sacred of women' s rights—the right to motherhood—in such a flagrant way.have more than one child, and any woman who gets into a second pregnancy is forced by law to undergo induced abortion followed by surgical s

Boston, U.S.A.Ruth Hancock IV.Curriculum Vitae Prepare curriculum vitae for yourself.