第一篇：2018英語一 作文預測
Top 1：職業(yè)素養(yǎng)與必備素質專題
1、創(chuàng)新 Sheer investment of time and energy has become an outdated way of work.純粹投入時間和精力的工作方式早已過時了。
If we review the history of human civilization, we shall find that pursuit of efficiency is the driving force（推動力）behind many inventions.如果我們回顧人類文明的歷史，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)追求效率是很多發(fā)明背后的推動力。
A feasible new idea is able to help us greatly save labor and improve efficiency（極大地節(jié)約勞力、提高效率）.一個可行的新想法能幫助我們極大地節(jié)約勞力和提高效率。
Routines are always precious experiences（寶貴的經驗）, but sometimes we have to break the routine（打破常規(guī)）to find more appropriate ways to be in line with（符合）the actual reality.慣例常常是寶貴的經驗，但有時我們需要打破常規(guī)，尋找更符合現(xiàn)狀的、更恰當?shù)姆绞健?/p>
Even the most advanced methods will drop behind（落伍）one day, and even the wisest mind will be the obstacle to new things if it is confined by（受…禁錮）a certain mode.再先進的方法，終究會有落伍的時候；再智慧的頭腦，一旦被一種模式禁錮，也會成為阻撓新事物產生頑石。Only when we don’t stick to（拘泥于）inherent routines and be diligent in thinking and innovating can we make a brand new life.我們只有不拘泥于固有套路，勤于思考，努力創(chuàng)新，才會打造出全新的生活。
2、善于思考、打破教條、考慮現(xiàn)狀 Likewise, dogmatic beliefs, inconsistent with（與…不符）empirical reality, would impede individuals from（阻礙）achieving their goals.同理，與經驗現(xiàn)實不符的教條觀念會阻礙人們打成目標。
To break from the blinkered（思想狹隘的）mindset of dogmatism, one should tune into（注意，了解）what’s going on and keep in rhythm with（保持與…節(jié)奏一致）changes in daily living.要打破教條主義的狹隘思想，就要了解周遭正發(fā)生著什么，與日常生活中的變化保持節(jié)奏一致。
Meanwhile, it is imperative to approach alternative views with an open mind rather than becoming a prisoner of your own myopic（目光短淺的）mental model.同時，須以開放的思想對待各種不同觀點，勿做短淺自我思維之囚。
3、腳踏實地、采取有效行動 When looking for a job or pursuing other goals, young people tend to aim high, but not put their thoughts into action（好高騖遠，沒有付諸行動）.在找工作或者追求其他目標時，年輕人往往好高騖遠，而不將自己的想法付諸行動。
What’s worse, they are beginning to adopt a cynical attitude（憤世嫉俗的態(tài)度）towards life, complaining about unfairness brought upon them.更糟糕的是，他們會因此產生憤世嫉俗的生活態(tài)度，抱怨生活對他們的種種不公。
The unwillingness to take effective measures for the dream may lead to permanent failure in one’s personal and even affect the development of a country.不愿為實現(xiàn)夢想而采取有效行動不僅會導致自己人生的永遠失敗，甚至會影響整個國家的發(fā)展。
4、調查研究 Before taking actions ,we should do adequate investigation so as to have a definite object in view and then choose the most suitable way.Otherwise, our efforts will be futile（無效的，無用的）.我們在做事之前要做好充分的調查研究，才能有的放矢，選擇最恰當?shù)姆绞阶鍪?。否則，我們將會徒勞無功，一無所獲。
Any success depends upon previous preparations, and without such preparation there is sure to be failure.凡事預則立不預則廢。
To avoid the embarrassing（令人尷尬的）situation of “milking the bull”, we should keep in mind that advance investigation is absolutely necessary.Our endeavor will pay off（取得成功）only when we are moving toward the right direction guided by the result of our research.為了避免類似于“公牛擠奶”的尷尬情景發(fā)生，我們應當謹記：調查研究必不可少。只有在調查結果的指引下，選對了方向，我們的努力才能得到回報。
In the picture, there are five men who are pushing blocks.Among them, four are working hard on square ones, and other one is working with ease on a round one.The men working on the round block is way ahead of the rest.Behind him there are some scrapes and a knife stuck into the ground.Obviously, he has cut his square block with the knife into what is now a ball.The picture is trying to tell us that it is not enough to work hard.One needs to work smart.Many jobs do not just need strength and labor, but needingenuity（獨創(chuàng)性）, too.Sheer investment of time and energy has become an outdated way of work.Actually, to accomplish a lot of work in a short time is the dream of humans from the very beginning.If we review the history of human civilization,we shall find that pursuit of efficiency is the driving force（推動力）behind many inventions.We’ve invented the wheel to travel faster.We’ve invented the computer to achieve rapid calculation.And we’ve invented the Internet to make the globe a small village.In the age of innovation and rapid technological advances, many jobs do not need as much strength and labor as they used to.A feasible new idea is able to help us greatly save labor and improve efficiency.Just as the caption says, “Be not just diligent;be also ingenious in your work!”
Top 2：社會民風專題
1、共享單車 The advent of bike-sharing has greatly changed the way people travel.It not only improves people’s travel efficiency, but also lowers the cost（降低成本）of one’s trip to a certain extent.共享單車的出現(xiàn)極大地改變了人們的出現(xiàn)方式。它不僅提高了人們的出行效率，而且在一定程度上降低了出行成本。
Last but least, conception of bike-sharing makes it possible for us to lead a healthy and active lifestyle because it is an environment-friendly（環(huán)境友好型）means of transportation.最后同樣重要的是，共享單車的理念使我們可能擁有健康積極的生活方式，因為它是一種環(huán)保的交通工具。
It is highly recommended（強烈建議）that the sharing bike providers give a better management to their bike-sharing system.It can be expected that bicycle-sharing system will play a contributing and constructive role in urban public transportation.我們強烈建議共享單車供應商為其共享系統(tǒng)提供更好的管理。可以預期，共享單車系統(tǒng)將在城市公共交通中起到積極的建設性作用。
Shared bikes have been seized upon（抓住，利用）by commuters（通勤者）as a cheap and convenient way to navigate congested cities.共享單車被通勤的人們當做一種便宜、方便的方式來應對交通堵塞問題。
But recently there has been mounting（逐漸增加的）complaints over an accumulation of millions of shared bikes on city streets.Bikes are often broken down or left haphazardly（隨意地）parked by users outside of designated zones, which have seriously influenced citizens’ life.但是最近對城市機頭成千上萬的共享單車的抱怨越來越多。共享單車常常被破壞，或者被用戶隨意停靠在指定區(qū)域之外，嚴重影響了市民的生活。
What’s worse, safety issues have also arisen, including the reported death of a primary school student who was struck by a bus when he was
riding a shared bike.更糟糕的是，安全問題也日益浮現(xiàn)，其中包括曾經報道的一個小學生騎共享單車時被撞身亡的事故。
To tackle（處理）these problems, all aspects of the city should make concerted efforts（齊心協(xié)力）.Authorities should take actions to tighten controls on parking of bikes, devise systems to penalize offenders and develop standards（制定標準）on maintenance and bicycle life spans.為了解決這些問題，城市的各方面必須齊心協(xié)力。官方機構應當采取措施，加強對自行車停放的管理，制定規(guī)定懲罰破壞者，制定車輛維護和使用期限保準。
2、傳統(tǒng)道德 For thousands of years, it has been considered a social responsibility andbehavioral norm（行為規(guī)范）to respect the elder in China.幾千年來，尊老在中國被看做是一種社會責任和行為規(guī)范。
There is no doubt that traditional morality, as a national spirit, is a valuable contribution to social harmony and progress and thus should be advocated and promoted in modern times.毫無疑問，作為一種民族精神，傳統(tǒng)道德對社會進步與和諧有著可貴的貢獻。因此在現(xiàn)代社會也應受到提倡和發(fā)揚。
3、信任危機 First and foremost, people will be deprived of（被剝奪）much since they become over-cautions and feel insecure all the time.Besides, a lack of trust is detrimental to personal relationships since “ Trust is the glue of life.It’s the most essential ingredient in effective communication.It’s the foundation principle that holds all relationships.” Last but not least, people’s loss of trust in the government could intensify social contradictions（加劇社會矛盾）.首先，人們時刻小心謹慎，沒有安全，因此被剝奪了許多樂趣。此外，缺乏信任對人際關系有害，因為“信任是生活的粘合劑。它是有效溝通的最重要的因素。它是維系所有關系的基本原則?！弊詈髴貏e指出的是，人們對政府失去信任會加劇社會矛盾。
Therefore, it is high time that（正是......的時候）we called on all sides to deal with the trust crisis.For one thing, the government should make great efforts to promote a credibility system.For another, the mass media should also play a positive role in restoring mutual trust among people.因此，現(xiàn)在匯聚各方力量應對信任危機正當其時。一方面，政府應當著力推薦誠信體系建設。另一方面，大眾媒體也應該在恢復人與人之間的相互信任方面發(fā)揮積極作用。
4、就醫(yī)之專家號 People tend to believe that experts are more professional, that prestigious experts can always make faster and better diagnosis and treatment.人們往往認為專家更加專業(yè)，覺得知名專家總是能給予更快、更好的診斷和治療。
This, in my opinion, not only wastes people’s time, but also takes up the precious medical resources（占用寶貴醫(yī)療資源）.在我看來，這種做法不僅浪費了人們的時間，還占用了寶貴的醫(yī)療資源。
In the set of picture above, suspecting（懷疑）the vegetables for sale aren’t green food, a woman turns her back on the seller;doubting the credibility of advice from a self-claimed expert dressed as a doctor, an old man turns away;a young man casts doubt on（懷疑）an officer who takes an oath of integrity.The underlying meaning of the drawings can be elaborated in terms of loss of trust among people.There was a time when doors were left unlocked at night and no one pocketed anything found on the road.However, with the development of the society, people increasingly distrust each other.For example, fearing to be mistaken for offenders, few people would offer assistance to the aged people who fall down on the street because of seizures（突然發(fā)作）or injury.This crisis of trust in our society will bring many unfavorable consequences.First and foremost, people will be deprived of much fun since they become overcautious and feel insecure all the time.Besides, a lack of trust is detrimental to personal relationships since “ Trust is the glue of life.It’s the most essential ingredient in effective communication.It’s the foundational principle that holds all relationships.” Last but not the least, people’s loss of trust in the government could intensify social contradictions.Therefore, it is high time that we called on all sides to deal with the trust crisis.For one thing, the government should make great efforts to promote a credibility system.For another, the mass media should also pay a positive role in restoring mutual trust among people.Top 3：教育專題
1、補習班 As the saying goes, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.Children should be allowed to have a break from time to time and plan their leisure time as they like.常言道，只工作不玩耍，聰明的孩子也變傻。應該允許孩子們時不時地休息，按自己的喜好安排空閑時間。A blind search for tutors for children sometimes only turns out to be（成為）a blunder.盲目地讓孩子上補習班有時會變成一個錯誤。
2、大學教師：科研or教學？ From my standpoint, teaching should prevail over（勝過）other aspects in that education is fundamental to the progress of our country.The prosperity of a nation depends on the development of education.在我看來，教學應重于其他方面因為教育是國家進步的基礎。一個民族的繁榮昌盛與否取決于教育的發(fā)展。
3、垃圾分類 Worse still, in many places, waste is disposed of by burning, and burning the recyclable waste like plastics will give off toxic smoke which pollutes the air.更糟糕的是，在很多地方，垃圾是通過焚燒來處理的，而焚燒諸如塑料之類的可回收垃圾會釋放有毒氣體，污染空氣。
Top 5：文化專題
1、傳統(tǒng)文化 An individual or nation showing no respect for the essence of traditional culture cannot be expected to develop or become stronger.Hence, something could and should be done to reverse the inexorable decline（扭轉衰退）with the emphasis on Chinese traditional culture.一個不尊重傳統(tǒng)文化的個人或民族不可能發(fā)展壯大。因此，針對中國傳統(tǒng)文化，我們應該做些什么來扭轉其衰退。
There is a tendency for many young people to take on western values and pursue consumerism（消費主義）and hedonism（享樂主義）, yet at the same time, to abandon traditional values exemplified by diligence and self-discipline（自律）.許多年輕人開始接受西方價值觀，追求消費主義和享樂主義，而同時放棄了以勤奮、自律為代表的傳統(tǒng)美德。
Nevertheless, it is just these moral values, inherited and accumulated from generation to generation in Chinese people, that have helped main social stability and unify us as a nation.然而，正是這些中國人民祖祖輩輩傳承、積累下來的道德觀幫助我們維系著社會穩(wěn)定、使我們團結成一個民族。
Traditional Chinese culture should never be a relic of the past（歷史的遺跡）, but be a living spiritual power that manifests in the lives of all Chinese people today.傳統(tǒng)中國文化永遠不應成為歷史的遺跡，而應成為一種鮮活的精神力量、體現(xiàn)在當今所有中國人的生命之中。
Top 6：人生哲理專題
1、堅持不懈 First of all, perseverance can help us carve out a way（殺出一條路）to success, although the way to success is bumpy（坎坷的）and full of inevitable setbacks.首先，堅持能幫助我們殺出一條通往成功的路，盡管這條路會坎坷，有著不可避免的挫折。
When being caught in some troubles, we should bite the bullet（咬緊牙關）and stick to the belief, then our efforts and persistence will be rewarding.Just as what Benjamin Franklin once said, “Energy and persistence conquer all things.” 當遇到困難時，我們應該咬緊牙關、堅持信念。我們的努力和堅持會是值得的。正如本杰明·富蘭克林所說:“能量和毅力可以征服一切。”
2、拒絕舒適區(qū)、接受挑戰(zhàn) They exert every effort（竭盡全力）to arrange everything for their children, depriving them of the opportunities to undergo frustration and ordeals and learn from them so that their grownup children cannot deal with the stress from the competitive world and even become the so-called “NEETs”（啃老族）, or parent-dependents.他們竭盡全力地為孩子安排好一切，剝奪了他們經歷坎坷與磨難并從中學習的機會，以至于孩子長大成人后不能處理來自充滿競爭的世界的壓力。甚至成為所謂的“啃老族”（經濟上依靠父母的人）。
For them, the home is their comfort zone, and the longer they stay here, the less likely they would be able to deal with life’s storms.對他們來說，家就是他們的舒適區(qū)，在那里待的時間越長，越不可能經受住生活中的暴風雨。
Top 7：網(wǎng)絡科技專題
1、紙質書與電子書 In recent years, with the popularity of electronic products such as iPad and smart phones, people’s reading habits have changed drastically.近年來，隨著平板電腦、智能手機等電子產品的普及，人們的閱讀習慣發(fā)生了巨變。
After all, compared with paper books, e-books（電子書）are not only more portable, but also much cheaper.畢竟，與紙質書相比，電子書不僅方便攜帶，而且價格更加便宜。
Moreover, a research shows that readers are easily distracted when they are reading e-books.Readers would find it more difficult to concentrate especially when the device is equipped with other apps like game apps.此外，還有研究表明，電子書很容易讓讀者分心，尤其是當閱讀設備上還裝有其他軟件如游戲軟件時，閱讀者更加難以集中精力。
第二篇：2010中考英語作文預測一
2010中考英語作文預測
一、健康問題（熱點）1.健康問題是中
考?？嫉脑掝}，出題形式多樣，有必要下苦功掌握。How tokeep
healthy /fit? All of us want to be healthy.FirstFirstFirstFirst，we should get enough sleep during
the night.We can go to bed early and get up early.Staying up late is bad for our health.SecondSecondSecondSecond, we must have the right kinds of food.We should eat more fruit and
vegetables and less meat.We should drink a lot of water.We should have healthy eating habits.ThirdThirdThirdThird, we should do more exercise to build up our bodies.FinallyFinallyFinallyFinally, we should be happy everyday.Because smile will make us younger.That is my advice.I hope you are That is my advice.I hope you are That is my advice.I hope you
are That is my advice.I hope you are healthy and enjoy your life.healthy and enjoy your
life.healthy and enjoy your life.healthy and enjoy your life.2.衛(wèi)生健康飲食:健康一直是
人們關注的問題我校要舉行以“關愛健康”為題的主題班會,請根據(jù)下表內容談談你的看法,寫一篇80字左右的演講槁。（1）保持健康的重要性（2）保持健康的方法（3）保持健康的結論9(4)你的看法?How to keep healthy /fit?Here is my
advice about how to keep Here is my advice about how to keep Here is my advice about how to
keep Here is my advice about how to keep healthhealthhealthhealthyyyy/fit/fit/fit/fit....As a
middle shool student.firstfirstfirstfirst you’d better do more exercise such as playing ball games ,running,swimming and jumping ropes(繩子).ThenThenThenThen you should pay attention to
your diet or meals.Don’t eat too much meat or suger ,but more vegetables and fruit.Third Third
Third Third you need enough sleep or rest.NextNextNextNext keep yourself happy.As people
often say smiling makes younger.LastLastLastLast you mustn’t drink wine or smoke.They are
bad for your health.That is my That is my That is my That is my advice.I hope you are healthy
and enjoy your life.advice.I hope you are healthy and enjoy your life.advice.I hope you are healthy
and enjoy your life.advice.I hope you are healthy and enjoy your life.二、關于環(huán)境保護問
題（熱點）環(huán)境保護問題是中考熱門話題，出現(xiàn)頻率高，難度較大，必須掌握。1、6
月5日(June 5)是世界環(huán)境保護日，我們周圍的環(huán)境變得越來越糟糕，污染越來越嚴重??。假如你是學生Jone.，你校要進行“如何保護我們的環(huán)境?”專題演講比賽，要求：(1)、舉例
說明環(huán)境存在的問題1—3方面;(2)、如何保護好我們的環(huán)境，采取怎樣的措施，舉例1—3
方面進行說明，字數(shù)80左右。As As As As we all know,the environmemt around us is
getting worse and we all know,the environmemt around us is getting worse and we all know,the
environmemt around us is getting worse and we all know,the environmemt around us is getting
worse and worse worse worse worse.In some places, we can’t see fish swimming in the river or
trees on the hills.Some people even have no clean water to drink.So I think we must do
something to protect the environmentwe must do something to protect the environmentwe must do
something to protect the environmentwe must do something to protect the environment.But what
can we do? How to protect our environmemt ?For example ,we can go to school on foot or by
bike.we can use shopping baskets not plastic bags when we go shopping ,and we can use both
sides of the paper when we write.In a word ,if In a word ,if In a word ,if In a word ,if everyone
pays more aeveryone pays more aeveryone pays more aeveryone pays more attention to our
environment ,there will be less ttention to our environment ,there will be less ttention to our
environment ,there will be less ttention to our environment ,there will be less pollution and our life
will be better.“There is only one earth”,I hope pollution and our life will be better.“There is only
one earth”,I hope pollution and our life will be better.“There is only one earth”,I hope pollution
and our life will be better.“There is only one earth”,I hope everyone will proteceveryone will
proteceveryone will proteceveryone will protect our environment well.2、保護環(huán)境(四川樂山)從2008年6月1日起，國家將禁止商家免費提供塑料袋，掀起
全國“拒塑”的環(huán)保運動。假如你是李華，準備以“What Can We Do for the Environment”為
題，寫一篇保護環(huán)境的英語演講稿。內容包含：(1).在購物時用布袋子替代塑料袋；(2).盡可能地再利用使用過的課本；(3).離開教室應關燈；(4).最好走路或騎自行車上學；(5).簡述理由：保護環(huán)境，減少污染，節(jié)約能源等.參考詞匯：布袋子cloth bag塑料袋plastic bag
保護protect能源energy 污染pollution課本textbookWhat Can We
Do for the Environmentour environment is becoming worse and worse , what can we do
for the environment? I think each of us can do a little bit to help with this problem.The first thing we can dThe first thing we can dThe first thing we can dThe first thing we can do is
to o is to o is to o is to use cloth bags instead of plastic bags when we go shopping.It helps to
protect the environment.The second The second The second The second thing we can do is
tothing we can do is tothing we can do is tothing we can do is to reuse the old textbooks as
possible as we can.We We We We should also should also should also should also never forget to
turn off the lights when we leave the classrooms in order to save energy.What’s moreWhat’s
moreWhat’s moreWhat’s more, it would be better if we walk or ride a bike to school.We should
try our best to reduce pollution and waste.In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can
make a real In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real In fact, even the simplest
everyday activities can make a real In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real
difference to the environment.I believe we can make the world a better difference to the
environment.I believe we can make the world a better difference to the environment.I believe we
can make the world a better difference to the environment.I believe we can make the world a
better place to live in.place to live in.place to live in.place to live in.3.為了保護
地球有限的資源，我們應該采取什么措施呢？請根據(jù)下面的提示寫一篇約80詞的短文，短
文開頭已經給出。提示詞；1.save water, the source of life , protect drinking water, stop polluting,make full use of it；2.save electricity, crucial, turn off, other electric machines；3.save forests,useful ,stop cutting down；4.recycle useful rubbish, save resources參考作文：Although the
world develops much faster and better, the resources Although the world develops much faster and
better, the resources Although the world develops much faster and better, the resources Although
the world develops much faster and better, the resources on the earth get fewer and fewer.on the
earth get fewer and fewer.on the earth get fewer and fewer.on the earth get fewer and fewer.In
order to protect them,something must be done.Save waterSave waterSave waterSave water.Water is the source of life.No water, no life.So it’s very important for us to do so.Not only should
we protect drinking water and stop polluting it, but also make full use of it.Save electricitySave
electricitySave electricitySave electricity.It is crucial.We can’t imagine what the life will be like
without it.Everyone should do his best to save electricity.Don’t forget to turn off lights or other
electric machines when we finish working.Save forestsSave forestsSave forestsSave forests.They are useful.Please stop cutting them down and use recycled paper instead.Make our world a
green one to live in.Recycle useful rubbiRecycle useful rubbiRecycle useful rubbiRecycle useful rubbishshshsh.Plenty of rubbish can be recycled like cans,paper, bottles, and so on.We can save resources in
this way.We can save resources in this way.We can save resources in this way.We can save
resources in this way.I believe we can make the world I believe we can make the world I believe
we can make the world I believe we can make the world a better place to live in.a better place to
live in.a better place to live in.a better place to live in.三、語言學習（熱點）這是中
考中的老話題，近幾年常考，形式多樣。例文 ：請根據(jù)以下問題和答案的提示并結合你的實際情況，以“My English Learning”為題寫一篇80詞左右的英文稿件，要求至少涉及
其中的三個問題，并且不能出現(xiàn)你的真實姓名、校名和縣名等。提示： When did you start
learning English?(in ? /?years ago)How do you learn English?(listen carefully, study with
a group, read English every day?)What is difficult to learn?(listening, grammar?)What
other helpful ways do you know to learn English well?(watch English movies, sing English
songs?)參考作文：English is one of my best subjects and I started learning English when I
was ten years old.But at the very beginning, listening seemed a little difficult for me.So I have
been doing a lot of listening practice, such as listening to tapes, watching English TV programs.And I found it really helpful.In fact, there are some more helpful ways to learn English well.For
example, I enjoy singing English songs and I want to join an English club or find a pen pal from
English-speaking countries.I believe I believe I believe I believe that nothing is impossible if you
put your heart into it.that nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.that nothing is
impossible if you put your heart into it.that nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.2、（四川資陽）假設你叫李華，你的英國筆友Linda為了來中國參觀奧運會而報名參加了漢
語培訓班學習漢語。她最近寫信向你詢問學習外語的建議。請根據(jù)下列提示和你學習英語的體會給Linda寫一封回信。參考作文：Dear Linda，I’m very glad that you’ll come
to China to watch the Olympic Games.I know it iI know it iI know it iI know it isn’t easy to learn
a foreign language, but I have some ideas sn’t easy to learn a foreign language, but I have some
ideas sn’t easy to learn a foreign language, but I have some ideas sn’t easy to learn a foreign
language, but I have some ideas that may help.Firstlythat may help.Firstlythat may help.Firstlythat may help.Firstly, it’s very important to listen to the teacher carefully in class and make
some notes so that you can go over your lessons later.SecondlySecondlySecondlySecondly, try to
catch every chance to practice speaking, both in and out of class.Don’t be afraid of making
mistakes.ThenThenThenThen try to listen and read more in Chinese.What’s moreWhat’s
moreWhat’s moreWhat’s more, you’d better plan your time well and study it regularly every day.Above allAbove allAbove allAbove all, you should be confident in yourself and dodododon’t give
up n’t give up n’t give up n’t give up whenever you meet with difficultwhenever you meet with
difficultwhenever you meet with difficultwhenever you meet with difficultiesiesiesies.I’m sure
you will succeed through.I’m sure you will succeed through.I’m sure you will succeed through.I’m sure you will succeed through your hard work.your hard work.your hard work.your hard
work.Best wishes and look forward to meeting you in China.ours,Li Hua
四、志愿者工作（福建莆
田）假如你是李華，你從報紙上看到2008北京奧運會志愿者的招聘廣告。請你用英文寫封
簡短的應聘信，介紹自己的情況（見下表）表示愿意為奧運會做一些工作，請組委會給予考
慮，并能盡早予以答復，詞數(shù)：80左右。姓名李華年齡16簡歷我市某中學學
生愛好繪畫、體育、唱歌、演講、英語口語獲獎情況2007年12月獲我市中學生英
語演講比賽一等獎身體狀況健康聯(lián)系電話0594--1356666提示詞匯：1.志愿者
voluteer2.作為work as3.答復reply to4.比賽contestSir/Madam,I read your ad.in the newspaper yesterday.I’m writing to tell you I’m writing to tell you I’m writing to tell you
I’m writing to tell you that I’d like to work as a volunteer for the 2008 Beijing Olympics.that I’d
like to work as a volunteer for the 2008 Beijing Olympics.that I’d like to work as a volunteer for
the 2008 Beijing Olympics.that I’d like to work as a volunteer for the 2008 Beijing Olympics.My name is Li Hua.I’m sixteen.I have many hobbies, such as drawing, sports, singing, speeches,and spoken English.I am proud that I won the first prize in our city’s English Speech Contest for
Middle School Student in December, 2007.In fact I’m healthy and strong.If I am lucky
enough to become a volunteer, I willIf I am lucky enough to become a volunteer, I willIf I am
lucky enough to become a volunteer, I willIf I am lucky enough to become a volunteer, I will
try my best to do try my best to do try my best to do try my best to do this job wellthis job wellthis
job wellthis job well.Please reply to me soon.My telephone number is 0594—1356666.Yours
sincerelyLi Hua
五、初中生活的回顧
1、回顧初中三年成長過程，你一定有很多感受，從學習，生
活，愛好等方面作出自我評價(畢業(yè) 回顧評價)I have studied in my middle school
for three years.I have learned a lot.I have learned not only how to make friends but also how to
talk to others.I have many hobbies.I like sports.I often play basketball, football and volleyball
with my friends.Football is my favorite.Of all my subjects, I do best in English and Chinese.But
my math and physics are a little weak.I think I will try my best to learn them well.I hope I can
study in No.1 High School.2、初中階段的學習即將結束，回想自己在父母和師長的關愛和
幫助下的成長過程，心中充滿感激之情。請用英語給父母或老師寫一封80詞左右的信表示
感謝。范文（1）
Dear parentsparentsparentsparents,004km.cne a good student.I am so thankful for your love
I am so thankful for your love I am so thankful for your love I am so thankful for your love that I
will work harder and trythat I will work harder and trythat I will work harder and trythat I will
work harder and tryto do better in the future.to do better in the future.to do better in the
future.to do better in the future.Best wishes.Yours, Zhang hua 范文（2）Dear
teacherteacherteacherteacher, 004km.cning more and more popular among the middle school students.Some students think that it is easy to use them to keep in touch with parents and classmates.Also, they can be used to listen to music or take photos.But others think that we don’t need to talk with parents and classmates with mobile phones, because we meet them every day.And mobile phones may influence our study.In my opinion, it’s not wrong to follow the fashion, but the most important thing is how to use the mobile phone in a right way.Yours truly,Wang Lin
八、與父母相處的話題 這類作文難度較大，掌握基本句式，背誦范文非常必要。（陜西省卷）假如你是Han Mei, 下面是一封你的筆友Alice 給你發(fā)來的e-mail,請你根據(jù)e-mail 的內容給她寫一封回信，與她交流看法，并幫她排憂解難。提示詞語：listen to, mother's love, care about, communicate with, get along with, smile寫作要求：1.語句通順，書寫工整；2.可用所給提示詞語，也可以適當發(fā)揮；3.詞數(shù)在60-80左右Dear Han Mei,I'm afraid I've got a big problem recently.My mother talks too much to me.She always tells me, “Be careful while crossing the street.” “Put on more clothes.” “Did you do a good job at school?” and so on.I'm annoyed(煩惱)。What shall I do?Alice例文 Dear Alice,As a teenager, I met the same problem as you.ButAs a teenager, I met the same problem as you.ButAs a teenager, I met the same problem as you.ButAs a teenager, I met the same problem as you.But now I can get along better with my mother.Here are some ideas for you.Your mother talks much, because she cares about you.Maybe it's not a good way, but it shows your mother's love.So I think you should listen to her.If your opinions are different from your mother's, you can communicate with her, and tell her what you are thinking about.If your mother doesn't take your advice, just keep silent and give her a smile.I hope what I say here can help you a lot.I hope what I say here can help you a lot.I hope what I say here can help you a lot.I hope what I say here can help you a lot.Yours Han Mei
第三篇：2012中考英語作文題目預測及參考一
2012中考英語作文題目預測及參考范文一
假定你是李華，最近你們班就“低碳”生活方式進行了討論，你的美國朋友Jack來信向你詢問討論情況，請你用英語寫封回信，簡單參照作文地帶介紹的以下討論結果：
1.節(jié)水節(jié)電；
2.垃圾分類；
3.少用紙巾，重拾手帕；
4.步行，騎自行車或乘坐公交車。
參考詞匯：低碳low carbon 紙巾tissue
注意：詞數(shù)100以內(不含開頭和結尾所給出的字數(shù))；可適當增加細節(jié)了，以使行文連貫；開頭已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jack, Thank you for your letter asking about our discussion on low carbon lifestyle.Here is something about it。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes，Li Bing
參考范文：
Dear Jack, Thank you for your letter asking about our discussion on low carbon lifestyle.Here is something about it。
We can do a lot in our daily life to achieve the goal of living low carbon life.First, we’d better turn off lights if possible and spend less time watching TV or surfing the Internet.Saving water also matters much.Besides, we should sort out the rubbish, hoping that we might recycle some, which will surely benefit us a great deal.In addition, we suggest using handkerchiefs instead of tissues so that we can prevent more trees from being cut down.More importantly, when we go out, walking, riding bikes or taking buses should be our first choice, which contributes to a cleaner world。
隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展和普及，網(wǎng)絡購物在中國也變得越來越普遍了，甚至已經成了我們日常生活的一部分了；相信同學們身邊一定有不少同學已經通過網(wǎng)絡進行購物了，比如*****網(wǎng)，京東商城等；但是網(wǎng)絡購物究竟有何利弊呢？ 請寫一篇短文，談談網(wǎng)上購物的好處與壞處。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
參考范文：
We talked about the advantages and disadvantages of internet shopping these days.Some students think it's very convenient for us to go shopping on the internet.The shops on Internet，for example taobao.com, 360buy.com are open for almost 24 hours a day, so we can buy something we want at any time if we like.What's more, we needn't to wait in a queue。
However, some students disagreed with them.We can't see the things while we are shopping.So we are not sure whether they are good or not..Besides, we can't enjoy the happiness of shopping with our friends。
許多學習生活中的煩惱都會使人產生壓力，為了更好地發(fā)現(xiàn)及解決同學們中存在的心理壓力問題，你們班特意開展了一次以“Less Pressure, Better Life”為主題的英語演講比賽，請你準備發(fā)言稿，談談你的一些緩解壓力的好辦法，與同學分享，內容包括：
●同學們中普遍存在的壓力是什么；
●我的壓力是什么；
●我是如何成功緩解我的壓力的。
注意：文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的姓名和校名。
詞數(shù)80~100；短文的開頭已給出(不計入總詞數(shù))。
Less Pressure, Better Life
Hello, boys and girls!
Pressure is a serious problem in today’s world.Students in our class are under too much pressure.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all.Thank you!
參考范文：
Less Pressure, Better Life
Hello, boys and girls!
Pressure is a serious problem in today’s world.Students in our class are under too much pressure.Some students can’t get on well with their classmates, while others may worry about their exams。
I’m always under pressure, too.My parents want me to be the top student in class.So they send me to all kinds of training classes at weekends。
Last Monday evening, I had a talk with my mother.I told her I was not lazy.I really felt tired.I needed time to relax.My mother agreed with me at last.So I think a conversation with parents is necessary to solve the problem。
That’s all.Thank you!
近年來，我國火災頻頻發(fā)生。2010年11月15日，上海膠東路一座高樓起火，損失嚴重。這個事件提醒注意防火安全很重要。請你根據(jù)以下提示，寫一篇短文來分析引起火災的原因并談談你對火災中自救的建議。
要求：
1.詞數(shù)不少于90，短文開頭過渡已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)；
2.要點完整、層次清楚、語法正確、上下文連貫。
提示：
防火安全fire safety 電 electricity 燃放煙花爆竹 set off fireworks
爬行crawl on one’s knees 消防栓 the fire hydrant Usually fire accidents are caused because of carelessness.For example, _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
What can we do to protect ourselves when there is a fire?____________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2011年初，我國南方大部分地區(qū)遭受凍雨(freezing rain)，特別是貴州、湖南和四川，災情失分嚴重。公路、鐵路、機場都被迫關閉，電網(wǎng)癱瘓。凍災致使貴州40萬人飲水難，四川兩電廠停運。部分山區(qū)人民生活異常困難，在各級政府的帶領下，人民群眾、解放軍戰(zhàn)士英勇抗擊冰災，涌現(xiàn)出大批可歌可泣的英雄事跡。作為一名中學生，你有何感想？有何打算？能不能改變這種狀態(tài)？
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
參考范文
As we know, our country suffered heavy ice early 2011.Everything was covered with freezing rain.Guizhou, Hunan and Sichuan suffered the most.It caused the buses, trains and planes stop service.The disaster destroyed power facilities, cutting power supplies in many areas.As a result, huge economic loss was caused.Many people could not work and live normally.There was no food, water or light in some places.Our government called on people to fight against heavy snow.As a student, I think we should learn from those heroes.We must study hard at school.We should learn all kinds of knowledge to make our motherland stronger, better and richer。
據(jù)報道，從2011年開始韓國除了向所有小學和初高中學生發(fā)放紙質的語文、英語、數(shù)學教科書之外，同時還將發(fā)放光盤形式的電子教科書。這表明，在韓國，電子圖書即將走進尋常百姓家。某英文論壇發(fā)起了一次主題為“E-Books, Good or Bad?”的討論，請你寫一篇80詞左右的短文，表達你對這件事情的看法。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
參考范文：
E-Books Are Good
It’s reported that school students in Korea will use e-books from 2011.What good news this is!E-books have many advantages。
Most importantly, they are good for the environment, since they can save lots of paper and trees.Besides, they are very convenient.To get a paper book, one has to spend a lot of time searching for it in a bookshop.But we can find e-books very quickly on the computer。
In short, e-books can help us enjoy our life more。
分享
人們對于學生網(wǎng)上交友持不同意見。請你用英語寫一篇關于學生網(wǎng)上交友的短文，介紹人們的不同觀點，并表達自己的看法。
贊成的理由 反對的理由
1.廣交朋友 1.浪費時間
2.可自由表達思想 2.影響學習
3.有利于外語學習3.可能上當受騙
你的看法是？
注：字數(shù)100—120之間。(書寫不整齊者，酌情扣分。)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【參考范文】
Should students make friends on line? Some people say yes.Internet helps people make many friends.Chatting on line, students can express more freely their feelings and opinions, and even get help for their foreign language studies。
Others, however, think students should not.They say making friends on line is a waste of time, which should be spent more meaningfully on study.Besides, some students get cheated on line。
It is my opinion that students should place their study, health and safety before other things.As for friendship, we can readily find it in our classmates and other people around us。
第四篇：2013中考英語作文題目預測一
2013中考英語作文題目預測一
假定你是李華，最近你們班就“低碳”生活方式進行了討論，你的美國朋友Jack來信向你詢問討論情況，請你用英語寫封回信，簡單參照作文地帶介紹的以下討論結果：
1.節(jié)水節(jié)電；2.垃圾分類；3.少用紙巾，重拾手帕；4.步行，騎自行車或乘坐公交車。參考詞匯：低碳low carbon 紙巾tissue
注意：詞數(shù)100以內(不含開頭和結尾所給出的字數(shù))；可適當增加細節(jié)了，以使行文連貫；開頭已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jack,Thank you for your letter asking about our discussion on low carbon lifestyle.Here is something about it.Best wishes,Li Bing
2013中考英語作文題目預測二
許多學習生活中的煩惱都會使人產生壓力,為了更好地發(fā)現(xiàn)及解決同學們中存在的心理壓力問題,你們班特意開展了一次以“Less Pressure, Better Life”為主題的英語演講比賽,請你準備發(fā)言稿,談談你的一些緩解壓力的好辦法,與同學分享,內容包括: ①同學們中普遍存在的壓力是什么；②我的壓力是什么；③我是如何成功緩解我的壓力的。
注意：文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的姓名和校名。
詞數(shù)80-100；短文的開頭已給出(不計入總詞數(shù))。
Less Pressure, Better Life
Hello, boys and girls!
Pressure is a serious problem in today’s world.Students in our class are under too much pressure.2013中考英語作文題目預測三
隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展和普及，網(wǎng)絡購物在中國也變得越來越普遍了，甚至已經成了我們日常生活的一部分了；相信同學們身邊一定有不少同學已經通過網(wǎng)絡進行購物了，比如*****網(wǎng)，京東商城等；但是網(wǎng)絡購物究竟有何利弊呢? 請寫一篇短文，談談網(wǎng)上購物的好處與壞處。
2013中考英語作文題目預測四
衛(wèi)生健康飲食:健康一直是人們關注的問題我校要舉行以“關愛健康”為題的主題班會,請談談你的看法,寫一篇80字左右的演講槁。
2013中考英語作文題目預測五
人們對于學生網(wǎng)上交友持不同意見。請你用英語寫一篇關于學生網(wǎng)上交友的短文，介紹人們的不同觀點，并表達自己的看法。
贊成的理由 1．廣交朋友 2．可自由表達思想 3．有利于外語學習
反對的理由 1．浪費時間 2．影響學習3．可能上當受騙
你的看法是？
2011年中考英語作文 題目預測及范文一．假如你是一所國際學校校辦英文雜志的學生編輯。你看了下面這封信后，也想寫一篇關于該信的讀后感，內容要點包括：你對此事件的看法；解釋你的理由并提出你的建議；向受害者表達盡快康復的祝愿。Today，I received the reader‘s letter.I was shocked at it.Personally speaking，I think we should pay more attention to the food safety.The government must make some necessary laws.What’s more，some businessmen shouldn‘t be only interested in making money.They must care about people’s health.We‘d better not eat anything in dirty places though some food is delicious，because eating unhealthy food does harm to our health.Finally，I hope the family in the accident will get better soon。二．中國西南地區(qū)干旱的英語作文Saving water is very important for us.There will be fewer fresh water in the future.We must avoid any chance of wasting water.We should take actions in or daily life.For example, take shorter water at any time, leave the sink running.Every time you use water, you should turns off taps after using.We need to be careful and save a little bit of water for years and years.A pale, uneven, parched world, where a motor-car rocks and lurches and churns in sand.A world pallid with dryness, in human with a faint taste of alkali.Like driving in the bed of a great sea that dried up unthinkable ages ago, and now is drier than any other dryness, yet still reminiscent of the bottom of the sea, sand hills sinking, and straight, cracked mesas, like cracks in the dry-mud bottom of the sea.If we don’t save water,the last drop pf water will be our tears.三．畢業(yè)感想初中生活馬上就要結束了，三年的初中生活一定給你留下了很多揮之不去的回憶。請你給大家講一個最值得你回憶的故事。包括時間、人物、事情經過和事后你的感想（請不要寫出真實的學校名稱以及真實姓名）。提示詞供參考。three years，memories，one of，one day，think，happy/ sorryHow time flies！I have studied in my school for three years.And I will graduate from middle school in a month.I am eager to share my happiness and sadness with you.I had so many memories in three years’ life.On of them impressed me very much.I still remember，when I began to learn English，I found it too difficult.No matter how hard I tried，I still couldn’t do well in it and almost gave it up.As soon as my English teacher found my problem，she had a talk with me about how to learn English well.Since then，she has kept helping me.Little by little，I’ve become interested in English and I’m good at it.I think I am so lucky to become one of her students.I’ve learned a lot from her.I will try to help others when they are in trouble.I think it is a happy thing to help others.中考英語滿分作文教程
中考英語作文模...中考英語作文模...四．目前十堰市正在積極創(chuàng)建全國文明城市，中學生也在為之努力。假如你是你是某中學的一名學生張通，請根據(jù)下列圖表所示內容，給筆友John寫一封電子郵件，介紹有關情況。注意：1.郵件內容應包含所有要點，不要簡單翻譯，可適當發(fā)揮;2.文中不得使用真實姓名、校名等信息;3.詞數(shù)90左右(郵件中已經寫好了的部分，不計入總詞數(shù))。4.參考詞匯：civilized 文明的 respect 尊敬Dear John,I’m glad to hear from you.Now let me tell you something about our city.Nantong is trying to set up a national civilized city.We middle school students are also doing some things for it.We are all polite to our teachers.(In class, we listen carefully to them./ When we meet them, we always say hello to them./…)We also respect the old.For example, we help them cross the streets.We are always ready to help each other.(When one has
difficulty with his studies, others will help him at once./...)We often show our love to those in trouble.Last month, the students of my class donated money to the earthquake-hit areas.Besides, we plant trees to protect the environment and make our city more beautiful.Shiyan is my hometown.I will do my best to turn Shiyaninto a civilized city.Zhang Tong
五．低碳生活現(xiàn)在全世界都在倡導“低碳生活”（low-carbon life），即：降低二氧化碳的排放，采取低能量、低消耗、低開支的生活方式。低碳生活對我們大家都有好處，請你寫一篇短文向一家英文報社投稿。內容包括：你的具體做法、你的感受以及建議。提示詞語：be good for，everyone，ride a bike，think，make a difference，environment，suggest，reuseLow-carbon life is good for everyone.To help with the environment，I always walk or ride a bike to school instead of taking a car.Besides，I will try to use things that can be recycled and I never forget to turn off the lights when I leave the classroom.I think it’s my duty to live a low-carbon life.And even the simplest activities can make a real difference to the environment.So I suggest we should reuse books as long as possible.And we’d better not spend much money on expensive clothes.If everyone does something for the environment，I believe the earth will be a better place.六．上海世博會對中國的影響As we all know that 2010 World Expo will be held in Shanghai，this is the first time that China hosted the World Expo.The World Expo has a long history but it hasnever been held in Asia.So it is a great honor for our country.It is also a great honor for all the Asians.As a host city，Shanghai will have more chances to develop quickly.The theme of the Expo is “Better City，Better Life”。We all really hope that Shanghai will become more exciting and attractive and that we can enjoy life to the fullest.Organizers expected to attract 70 million visitors from all over the world to attend，at the same time it is also the largest in the history of World Expo.It is a good chance for China to show its achievements in many fields.七．How to Survive an EarthquakeIf earthquake happened，firstly，don’t panic and calm down.Secondly，find some safe place to stay and don‘t run in such a hurry.If in the room，one should hide himself/herself under something hard，such as desk，table or even bed and keep away from shelf and cupboard，and never take a lift to go downstairs.If in the open air，find an open place and never get close to cars or waterside.Thirdly，we should help each other when we meet trouble.At last，no matter how strong the earthquake is，if only we have the belief to defeat it and never give up，we must be able to overcome any difficulties.八．現(xiàn)在越來越多的人在網(wǎng)上購物，網(wǎng)購已 成為流行趨勢，二網(wǎng)購的利弊也成為人們討論的焦點，請參考下面的信息，并結合就的觀點些一短文，談談你的看法。1.方便，可以在家買東西，不受時間限制。2.有很大的商品信息，可以買到當?shù)貨]有的商品。價格較便宜。3.買貨容易退貨難；實物和圖片有差距。
4．網(wǎng)絡支付不安全。提示詞：實物：materiai objectNow Internet shopping is more and more popular in the world.It’s a new way of shopping.It has lots of advertages.The most important is convient.You can shop whenever you like because the online shop are open 24 hours a day.It is often to buy goods and it is also easy to find the things that youcan’t buy in the shop.Besides,it’s cheaper.But “ Every coin has two sides.” So is Internet shopping.You can’t see the material objects or check their quality.Usually the pictures are more beautiful than the goods.So when
we get the goods and don’t like them, they sometimes are not easy to give back.What’s more , It’s not safe to pay through the internet.So九． 日本的大地震導致核電站嚴重受損，核泄漏引起本國及周邊國家人民的恐慌。上周你校同學就“是否應該發(fā)展核電站？”舉行了一場英語辯論會，參加辯論的A組和B組的同學意見截然不同。請根據(jù)下面提供的信息，給某雜志社寫一篇英語短文，客觀地介紹辯論的情況。開頭已經給出。
第五篇：2012年考研英語一作文預測
一、寫作A節(jié)：預測：60%考摘要，40%考書信、備忘錄、報告(一)摘要：最新大綱樣題：經濟類
Directions: Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 English words on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)
經濟全球化的主要原因
20世紀50年代初以來，經濟全球化獲得迅猛發(fā)展。簡單歸納，其原因主要包括以下幾個方面：
全球化的技術基礎?？萍歼M步為全球化快速發(fā)展提供了物質基礎和技術手段?？萍几锩墙洕蚧l(fā)展的最根本的物質基礎和動力，歷史上歷次科技革命都促進了社會生產力的飛躍發(fā)展，同時也促進了整個世界的融合。20世紀50年代以電子技術和信息技術等為主要標志的新的科技革命的興起，使科技日益成為社會生產力發(fā)展的先導，成為影響生產力發(fā)展的至關重要的因素?？萍贾R在社會生產的各個領域中得到廣泛傳播和運用，勞動者的智能和技能得到進一步的開發(fā)，創(chuàng)造出越來越多的物質和精神財富，極大地促進了世界生產力的發(fā)展，生產社會化程度日益提高，國際分工日益深化，各國經濟以此為基礎緊密相聯(lián)，世界經濟進入一個全新的繁榮時期。同時，新科技革命使得科技成果積累的速度大大加快，新材料、新產品不斷涌現(xiàn)，大量高技術產業(yè)不斷產生，在世界范圍內促進了產業(yè)結構的調整和轉移，新的產業(yè)布局開始形成，以信息技術和產業(yè)為主導，以高新技術為基礎的新興產業(yè)部門也蓬勃興起并迅速發(fā)展，快速取代了傳統(tǒng)產業(yè)而逐漸成為經濟的主導部門推進的重要動力源。
全球化的經濟基礎。市場經濟體制的強勢地位不斷增強，跨國公司的突飛發(fā)展，國際經濟組織的不斷完善為經濟全球化奠定了堅實的經濟基礎。
首先，市場經濟體制成為世界各國發(fā)展經濟的首選。20世紀80年代末至90年代初，世界形勢發(fā)生了重大變化，東歐劇變，蘇聯(lián)解體，40多年的冷戰(zhàn)格局最終結束。冷戰(zhàn)結束后，國際形勢總體上走向緩和。各國紛紛把發(fā)展經濟列為首要目標，普遍擴大了對外開放，和平與發(fā)展成為當今時代的兩大主題。前蘇聯(lián)和東歐國家先后走上了向市場經濟過渡的軌道，改行自由市場經濟，并積極致力于融入西方經濟體系。中國在長期的實踐中，也逐漸認識到計劃經濟的不足和弊端，自1978年起開始實行以市場為導向的、全面的經濟改革，大力推行對外開放，努力實現(xiàn)同世界經濟的接軌，目前已成為世界經濟的重要組成部分。這一切都說明，市場經濟體制已成為不同制度、不同發(fā)展層次國家的共同選擇，市場經濟已基本實現(xiàn)了全球化，經濟全球化是以市場為基礎的，沒有市場經濟就沒有生產要素在國際間的自由流動，就談不上經濟全球化。
其次，力量不斷壯大的跨國公司成為經濟全球化的中堅力量?？鐕臼且员緡鳛榛兀ㄟ^對外直接投資，在世界各地設立分支機構和子公司，從事國際化生產和經營的企業(yè)?？鐕緫{借其雄厚的經濟實力和靈活的經營戰(zhàn)略，以全球為工廠，以它所在的各個國家為車間，在全球范圍內充分利用各地的優(yōu)勢組織生產和流通，通過自己廣泛的經營活動，實現(xiàn)了商品和資本等生產要素在全球范圍內的整合，促進了生產在國家間的水平分工和垂直分工，使之密切聯(lián)系在一起，從而為經濟全球化的發(fā)展打下了堅實的微觀基礎，并成為經濟全球化的主要推動力量和主要載體。
最后，國際經濟組織是經濟全球化發(fā)展的組織保障。二戰(zhàn)結束以后，生產力的不斷提高，生產力的國際化使得越來越多的商品、資本、勞動進入國際交流。各國的國際分工和相互依賴性不斷增強。這種日益增強的經濟聯(lián)系要求突破原有的國家間的障礙，實現(xiàn)全球范圍內的更高層次的經濟合作，這就要求有超脫于國家之外的國際經濟組織發(fā)揮重要作用。戰(zhàn)后，國際經濟日益明顯，國際經濟協(xié)作不斷加強。在當今國際經濟關系中，世行、世貿組織、國際貨幣基金組織等世界性經濟組織的調節(jié)作用越來越大，而且還出現(xiàn)出進一步增強的趨勢。世貿組織(WTO)所制定的關于貿易、投資等方面的制度和規(guī)則，成為規(guī)范全球經濟運行，創(chuàng)造自由、公平競爭環(huán)境的統(tǒng)一制度和規(guī)則，作為世界金融領域的重要國際組織，即國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)和世界銀行(WB)也在國際金融全球化進程中扮演了重要的角色。這些國際經濟組織的成立使得國際貿易和國際金融運行有了統(tǒng)一的規(guī)則，對成員國的經貿活動和經濟行為起著協(xié)調和規(guī)范作用。這些都為經濟全球化的發(fā)展起著制度保障作用。(1590字)
參考范文：
Fundamental Causes of Economic Globalization
Economic globalization has been progressing rapidly since the beginning of the 1950s.Several factors have contributed to such development.Firstly, advancements in science and technology have offered a technical foundation by providing the material basis and the technical means.Meanwhile, a solid economic foundation for such a globalization has been laid by the market economy which is prevailing over the world.Others factors include the pillaring and propelling role of multinationals in micro-economic operations, the ever growing coordinating and controlling power and function exercised by such international economic organizations as WTO, IMF and WB in the international trade and finance。(100 words)2.金融類
Directions: Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 English words on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)
金融危機
金融危機又稱金融風暴，是指一個國家或幾個國家與地區(qū)的全部或大部分金融指標(如：短期利率、貨幣資產、證券、房地產、土地(價格)、商業(yè)破產數(shù)和金融機構倒閉數(shù))的急劇、短暫和超周期的惡化。
金融危機可以分為貨幣危機、債務危機、銀行危機等類型。近年來的金融危機越來越呈現(xiàn)出某種混合形式的特征。
金融危機的特征是人們基于經濟未來將更加悲觀的預期，整個區(qū)域內貨幣幣值出現(xiàn)幅度較大的貶值，經濟總量與經濟規(guī)模出現(xiàn)較大的損失，經濟增長受到打擊。往往伴隨著企業(yè)大量倒閉，失業(yè)率提高，社會普遍的經濟蕭條，甚至有些時候伴隨著社會動蕩或國家政治層面的動蕩。
金融危機的產生大多數(shù)情況是由經濟泡沫引起的，而產生危機的背景非常復雜，有多方面的因素。以21世紀最大的美國金融危機為例，追根溯源，主要有以下幾方面促因。(1)美國的消費習慣。借錢(貸款)消費是普遍的生活方式。年輕人收入少，但消費多；老年人退休后享受優(yōu)越的退休金，但消費相對少。所以，年輕人多借錢消費(包括向父母借錢，這與中國不同)。而且，美國發(fā)達、完善的信用體制使幾乎所有人的消費靠借錢來完成。而從儲蓄模式來看，美國人的儲蓄率歷來很低，近年來，一直在零儲蓄率上徘徊。要消費，只能靠借錢。經濟增長模式。美國的經濟增長主要依靠消費驅動。其消費率長期為70%左右，投資率為15%左右，國際貿易方面嚴重入超。
(2)經濟管理思想。自上世紀70年代發(fā)生經濟“滯漲”以后，凱恩斯主義的“國家干預”政策遭到新古典自由主義的強烈批評，此后，新自由主義思潮受到追捧。80年代的“華盛頓共識”所倡導的“經濟自由、私有化、減少管制”成為指導西方國家經濟走向的主要道具。
(3)經濟環(huán)境與具體政策工具。美國2000年后陷入高科技泡沫破裂后的短暫衰退之中，在美聯(lián)儲前主席格林斯潘的主持下，連續(xù)13次大幅度消減聯(lián)邦基準利率，從最高6.5%下降到1%，強行向市場注入流動性資金，扼住了經濟下滑，也拉動了美國房地產連續(xù)多年繁榮。這正是這次次貸危機乃至金融危機爆發(fā)的直接導火線。在21世紀的最初幾年里，同樣的低利率政策，為什么美國偏偏房地產行業(yè)得以相對發(fā)展，而不是其他行業(yè)呢？原因是：網(wǎng)絡等高科技產業(yè)高速發(fā)展導致的泡沫破滅后，進入一個成長停滯期，抑制了大量資金對該行業(yè)的投入；20世紀六、七十年代，隨著勞動力成本的不斷提升，美國制造業(yè)，尤其是勞動密集型產業(yè)大量外移，形成國內產業(yè)空心化，加之服務業(yè)在繁榮之后的替代更新需要一定的時滯期，所以，這些行業(yè)投資機會較少。而且，從90年代開始，美國的房產一直處于穩(wěn)定的狀態(tài)。在這種情況下，流動性資金開始注入該行業(yè)。(1034字)
參考范文
Financial Crisis
Financial crisis, also known as financial tsunami, refers to the dramatic deterioration of the financial indicators of a certain country or several countries and regions in the world.It can be classified as currency crisis, debt crisis, banking crisis, sub-loan crisis, etc.The feature of the crisis is that people are pessimistic about the economic future because of monetary depreciation occurring throughout the region.The causes for the crisis are complicated with multiple reasons, mainly from three aspects, i.e., the U.S.consumption habits of borrowing, the idea of free economic management, and the economic environment and specific policy instruments.(99 words)
3.管理類
Directions: Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 English words on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)
改變市場還是適應市場
身處一個充滿著不確定性因素的市場環(huán)境，企業(yè)是去改變它，還是去適應它？長期以來，這一直是企業(yè)管理者所面臨的最為關鍵的企業(yè)發(fā)展策略選擇之一。在某種程度上，這種選擇就像一場賭博。這種選擇不僅嚴酷，而且無法回避，要么去改變市場，要么去適應市場，對大多數(shù)企業(yè)而言，這兩種策略選擇都是排他的。如果你想靜待不確定性消失而后動，則可能會白白喪失一個獲得先發(fā)優(yōu)勢的良機。
改變市場和適應市場這兩種策略在實踐中表現(xiàn)為不同的形式。一般來講，市場的改變者往往會通過促使整個行業(yè)的行為方式發(fā)生變化而控制不確定性。為了做到這一點，有的企業(yè)會設法使自己的技術或業(yè)務流程成為新的行業(yè)標準；另外一些企業(yè)會致力于引進創(chuàng)新的產品、服務以及業(yè)務系統(tǒng)來重新定義行業(yè)競爭的基礎，在這一方面，美國西南航空公司采取低價和點到點空運模式，戴爾公司率先實施直銷策略等，都是很好的例子；還有一些市場改變者通過大膽的兼并或收購來重組不穩(wěn)定的行業(yè)環(huán)境，這方面的例子也不少見。
與市場改變者不同的是，市場適應者總是把現(xiàn)在和未來的行業(yè)市場結構和競爭行為當做是已有的外部環(huán)境。當市場穩(wěn)定時，市場適應者試圖在現(xiàn)存的行業(yè)市場結構之內謀求一個有利的位置。而當不確定性增加時，他們會根據(jù)市場的變化借助速度和靈活性來獲得機會。一些市場適應者可能會通過及時地緊跟一個潛在的市場領導者的引導來獲得市場先機；還有一些市場適應者會通過在產品、服務和業(yè)務系統(tǒng)方面進行不斷的試驗來逐步確定自己的策略。市場適應者采取的另一種辦法是，建立一個高度靈活的組織來應對市場的變化，他們不斷地招聘和培養(yǎng)成熟的具有管理技能的員工——不管市場如何變化，這樣的員工對客戶來講都是有價值的。
企業(yè)應該采取改變市場的策略還是適應市場的策略，在很大程度上取決于環(huán)境不確定性的程度和性質。簡單地講，當不確定性較高，而企業(yè)能對其中的變數(shù)施加影響時，改變市場的策略往往奏效；當創(chuàng)造價值的主要因素相對穩(wěn)定，而相關變數(shù)不能為企業(yè)所控制時，適應的策略才是應該優(yōu)先考慮的。
這其中的道理是顯而易見的。在一個高度不確定的市場，技術標準正在變化，競爭者出入不定，而消費者也還沒有鎖定自己喜愛的品牌。這樣的市場環(huán)境為改變策略的實施提供了很大的空間，一次大型的兼并，一項果斷的技術投資，一個強有力的產品捆綁策略，都很有可能會使混亂的市場格局變得井然有序，而新的市場格局對實施改變策略的企業(yè)當然是極為有利的。然而，在實踐中，當面臨著高度不確定性的環(huán)境時，企業(yè)的決策者總是偏向于采取適應的市場策略。之所以如此，部分原因在于決策者們習慣于依靠像波特的五種競爭力框架之類的理論工具來指導決策。對于相對穩(wěn)定的市場，運用這類理論工具能夠對未來的市場產生深刻的洞察力，然而，對于復雜多變的市場，這類工具卻很少能為決策者準確判斷未來的市場提供有力的支持。而要想成為一個成功的市場改變者，對未來有一個準確的預見是至關重要的。
應該指出的是，即使是最優(yōu)秀的企業(yè)也不可能在任何情況下都采取改變市場的策略并且獲得成功。一個成功的市場改變者必須具備很多品質，如；對未來發(fā)展的洞見、良好的聲譽、特定領域的領導地位、一流的技術或創(chuàng)新的能力，以及操作上的嫻熟等。并非所有的企業(yè)都具備這些品質。
企業(yè)決策者往往以為，適應市場的策略是一個容易實施的選擇。這種想法是錯誤的。首先，這種想法使得經理人員以為，適應市場的策略并不像改變市場的策略那樣需要較強的財務和心理承受力。其實并非如此。對于一個市場的適應者而言，要不斷地進行產品服務等方面的試驗，還要建立一個靈活的組織，這些都需要極大的財務上和心理上的承受能力；其次，這種想法會使經理人員以為，實施適應市場的策略只需消極而不是積極的管理就能成功。其實，一個市場的適應者也必須在捕捉機會、規(guī)避風險和業(yè)務調整等方面有相當?shù)募记?，而這遠遠不是消極的管理所能做到的。(1561字)參考范文
Changing the Market or Adapting to It
In face of a market environment full of uncertain factors, should an enterprise change it, or to adapt to it? This is a question which has confronted business managers in making their development strategies for long.Actually, these two strategies represent different forms in practice.Unlike those who try to change the market, adaptors always regard the market structure and competitive behavior as a given external environment.Whether an enterprise should take the strategy of changing the market environment or adapting to it depends largely on the environmental uncertainty and its nature.It is wrong to believe that the adaptive strategy is an easy job.(106 words)(二)書信、備忘錄、報告：
1.投訴信：
Directions:
You live in a room in college which you share with another student.You find it very difficult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting and has parties in the room。
Write a letter to the Accommodation Officer at the college and ask for a new room next term.You would prefer a single room.Explain your reasons。
Dear Sir or Madam，I am writing to express/air dissatisfaction/disappointment/concern regarding accommodation.I would prefer to move into a single room next semester, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient。
I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate’s inconsiderate behavior.For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him;for another, he regularly holds noisy parties。
To solve this problem/surmount this difficulty/improve this situation/crack this hard nut, I hope to draw the attention of the authorities concerned.I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own.Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming 2.推薦信/求職信/求學信：
Directions:
One of your friends wants to apply for a job working with foreign teenagers.Write a letter to recommend him/her, describe his/her past experience, and explain the reasons。
Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to recommend one of my best friends, Zhou Botong, for this post.With his outstanding leadership and cheerful personality, he was elected chairperson of the Student Union of Tsinghua University several times。
Busy as he was, he completed his major, teenage psychology, with an outstanding school record.Upon graduation he was assigned to be a teacher in Tsinghua Middle School.What is more, he loves his job and enjoys working with children.This won him great popularity among his students。
Therefore, I do not hesitate to recommend him as an ideal candidate for the post you advertised.I am sure you will make a wise decision in hiring him。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
3.備忘錄/報告：
Directions:
You are the president of a company.Write a memo to Percy Shelley, the vice-president on the employee’s training on computer, telling him the need to train the employees, detailed information, and ask him to write a plan。
Date：January 9, 2010
To：Percy Shelley, Vice President
From：Li Ming, President
Subject：Computer Training of the Staff
As we discussed earlier this week, I agree with you that our firm is faced up with problem of the high rate of computer illiteracy of the staff.We need to make up a plan for training our employees in the new field。
I would like you to design our own in-house computer-training program.We had better classify the employees and put them through the program in turn。
Write up a brief proposal, describing what you think the program should cover.Assume the class runs four hours a week for ten weeks.Also, assume people have no prior computer knowledge or any formal course work in computer science.二、寫作B節(jié)：預測：70%考圖畫作文，30%考圖表作文、情景作文或提綱作文
(一)圖畫作文：
1、最新大綱樣題：合作
Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should
1)describe the drawing briefly，2)explain its intended meaning, and then
3)give your comments。
You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2.(圖略)
As is subtly portrayed in the drawing, two handicapped young men are heading towards their destination with vigorous strides, leaving all their crutches behind.The hardship of disability being no longer an obstacle on their journey, they support each other with firm hands and proceed steadily.The caption indicates that they can travel north and south extensively with combined legs。
It is apparent that the cartoonist aims at reminding us of the importance of cooperation in our daily life.Hardly can anyone achieve success in his career without the assistance of his colleagues and partners.As competition in all lines of work grows increasingly fierce, we must defeat our rivals through powerful teamwork.Take basketball hero Yao Ming for an example, he can slam the dunk smartly because all his teammates contribute more or less to his outstanding performance.Likewise, the successful launching of Chang’e No.1 lunar probe should be attributed to the Chinese scientists’ joint efforts instead of individual accomplishment.If we work separately, we will be confined to frail minds and limited resources。
On the basis of the analysis above, we may draw a conclusion that cooperation and teamwork really count in this competitive society.Hence, we should associate ourselves harmoniously with our companions in every attempt towards our goals.In addition, it is indispensable to train our kids frequently to interact smoothly with others in a team.As the proverb goes, unity is strength。
2.環(huán)境問題：
Directions:
A.Study the following two pictures carefully and write an essay in at least 150words。
B.Your essay must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET2.C.Your essay should meet the requirements below:
1.Describe the pictures。
2.Deduce the purpose of the painter of the pictures。
3.Suggest counter measures。
(圖略)
As is symbolically portrayed in the pictures, with the speedy social and economic development, the number of fishes has sharply decreased.In one picture, there were various kinds of fish and only one fishing-boat in 1900.On the contrary, in 1995 there was only one fish, but many fishing-boats。
The purpose of the pictures is to show us that due attention has to be paid to the decline of ocean resources.Owing to over-fishing, the number of fishes has obviously shrunk.If we let this situation go as it is, we do not know where fish will be in the forthcoming future.By that time, our environment will suffer a great destruction。
Hence, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures.For one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws and regulations to control commercial fishing.For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that the ocean resources are vital to us.Only in this way can we protect our ocean resources.Also I reckon that we humans can overcome this difficulty, and we will have a brighter future。
3.堅持/成功/奮斗/拼搏/創(chuàng)新：
Directions: Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should
1)describe the set of drawing，2)interpret its meaning, and
3)support your view with examples。
(圖略)
It is vividly depicted in the cartoon that a boy is running along the racetrack with painstaking efforts, sweat pouring down his face.After a long journey, he is making the final spurt toward the finishing line, with strong determination to become a champion.It seems that he could rest for a while to enjoy the ecstasy of victory.However, straight ahead lies a sign which indicates a new “starting point” and urges him to continue rushing to the next destination。
Undoubtedly, the cartoon conveys the meaning that life is like the process of running in which one should make constant efforts and never stop making progress.Owing to the quickening pace of life, competition goes increasing fierce in all walks of life, stimulating everyone to pursue one goal after another.Once a person stops making progress, he can hardly maintain his past glory and survive in this competitive world.As Deng Xiaoping, the great Chinese leader said, “Development is inarguable truth?！?No matter how powerful a specific institution is, it will definitely seek new development in high speed.Generally speaking, neither a country nor a person can remain stagnant。
A case in point is the successful launching of “Shenzhou Ⅶ Spacecraft” which sets China in a high position of aviation and space flight.Although it means a great achievement for us Chinese, we are facing new challenges in the forthcoming future and need to do further research in space technology.Another illustration is closely related to us, the examinees.If we pass this test and are confronted with the challenge of conquering the difficult graduate courses.We still have to strive for success in our future academic study, employment and career.On the whole, these examples effectively clarify the saying that “destination is another starting point?！?296 words)
4.信心/金融危機/甲流/就業(yè)難：
Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should 1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its intended meaning, and then
3)support your view with an example/examples。
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)
(圖略)
As we can see from the picture, a football match is going on.On guarding the goal, the man on the left seems to be keeping a “huge goal” that is easy and inevitable for a goal, while the person on the right hesitates to kick the ball with an illusion about the “huge keeper”.It is obvious that both of them exaggerate the difficulties in front of them。
This picture does reflect a thought-provoking social phenomenon which is not uncommon in China now.The young always give up because the problem is beyond their ability to cope with.Superficially, it seems to be somewhat reasonable, but when weighing in the mind, we find there is an apparent tendency underlying this phenomenon: the lack of confidence.Firstly, it is well-known that we exist in a dynamic world with various difficulties.We can do nothing but face them.Secondly, attitude is the key point to take the first step.Assuming bravery and confidence to solve the problem, you will find the question is not as “huge” as you imagine.Take us for example, the entrance exam for graduate students even seems to be a horrible monster before us.Some people give up, some persist.So, with confidence and the right assessment of the difficulties, try and exert your strength, and then we will overcome all problems。
On the whole, I believe we young people should face the difficulties in right manner.And nothing is impossible, just do it。
5.交通問題：
Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawings.In your essay, you should：
1)describe the drawings briefly，2)explain their intended meaning, and then
3)give your comments.(圖略)
The pictures vividly reveal that heavy traffic is becoming increasingly serious all over the world.In the first photo, there is traffic congestion on the road with numerous cars, trucks and buses.In the second picture, hundreds of people are waiting for a train。
We can deduce from the pictures that the photographer is trying to attract our attention to the issue of heavy traffic.First of all, every year men and women crowd into cities in search of employment, a decent living, and the excitement and stimulation of urban life.As people in mounting numbers flood into cities, city services and facilities have been strained to a breaking point.In addition, since in a city with booming industry, land is precious and cannot be extravagantly used by traffic, traffic flows constantly rise to fill whatever scale of roads and highways are provided for them。
It is imperative for us to improve this situation.For one thing, the number of private cars should be limited while more bus routes should be opened up because buses can accommodate more passengers.For another, more streets and roads should be constructed.Since neither of the suggestions can effectively solve the problem, there is an increased awareness that the two solutions may be combined with other possible solutions to produce the best effect。
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