第一篇：5分鐘英語語音教案
Lessen plan for the pronunciation of /i?/
Teaching aims:（1）Knowledge aim: be able to know how to pronounce the diphthong /i?/
（2）Ability aim: By the end of the class, students should be able to pronounce the diphthong/i?/（3）Emotion aim: be able to pronounce the /i?/more confidently Teaching methods: 3-P model Teaching aids: chock, blackboard, some cards Teaching procedure:
StepⅠGreeting and Lead-in
T: Hello, boys and girls.Today we are going to learn a diphthong in English.StepⅡ Presentation
Show some cards to the students.Lead in the diphthong /i?/
T: first，I will show some cards.Do you know, what is this in English? S: this is a deer.T: yes, very good.This is a deer.Now read after me, deer.S: deer T: deer S: deer T: OK, very good.Then the second one, what is this in English? S: this is a girl.T: good.This is a girl.And what is she doing now? S: she is crying.T: so in her eyes, there are …… S: tears T: excellent!There are tears in her eyes.Read after me.Tear S: tear T: tear S: tear T: Ok.Now, another picture, what is this in English? S: this is beer.T: you are great.This is a bottle of beer.Now read after me, beer S: beer T: beer S: beer T: Ok.We have learned these three words: deer, tear and beer.From these words, can you find something in common？
S: they all have the sound /i?/
StepⅢ Practice Practice the students the sound /i?/, and explain the right way to pronounce the sound.T: yes, very good.These words all contain the sound/i?/.Now read after me, /i?/ S: /i?/ T: /i?/ S: /i?/ T: /i?/ S: /i?/
T: Ok, very good.Now who can pronounce the sound? Cuqi, you, please S: /i?/
T: /i?/, read after me.S: /i?/.T: yes, very good.Lyly, can you? S: /i?/.T: OK Good.Xixi, please S: /i?/
T: yes, very good.Zhaozhao.You, please.S: /i?/
T: OK, excellent.Now, the whole class read after me./i?/ S: /i?/ T: /i?/ S: /i?/
T: good.Now, do you know the right way to pronounce the diphthong /i?/? S: no.T: this is a diphthong.It begins with the first sound /i/,(write the /i/ on the blackboard)and glide towards the second sound /?/,(write the /?/ on the blackboard)remember, when you pronounce the diphthong/i?/, you should change the shape of your mouth as you move from one sound to another.Now, look at the position of my lips when I pronounce this sound./i?/, /i?/, /i?/.Now read after me, /i?/ S: /i?/.T: /i?/.S: /i?/.T: /i?/.S: /i?/
T: very good.Now, I will divide you into two groups.Group 1 read the sound three times, and then group 2.Are you clear? S: Yes.T: /i?/.One two go.S: /i?//i?//i?/.T: very good.Now group2 S:/i?//i?//i?/ StepⅣ Production
Sound discrimination and tongue twister
T: good.You all have done a good job.Now let’s do some exercise of sound discrimination.Listen to me carefully and circle the words which contain the sound /i?/ from each of the following pairs.N.1, peer pear S: peer, the first one.T: excellent.N.2, tare tear S: the second one.T: are you sure? S: yes.T: OK, very good.N.3deer dare S: the first one.T: great!N.4 mere mare S: mere, the fist one.T: you are so smart.Now, please look at the blackboard.There is a tongue twister.Who can read it out? Miky, you, please.S: a deer and a mare spare mere one second to drink a bottle of beer without tears.T: very good.A deer and a mare spare mere one second to drink a bottle of beer without tears.And who would like to try? cuqi, please.S: a deer and a mare spare mere one second to drink a bottle of beer without tears.T: excellent!StepⅤ Summarize T: today, we have learned the sound /i?/;remember the right way to pronounce this sound.It begins with the first sound /i/ and glide towards the second sound /?/, you should practice more after class.StepⅥ Homework
Practice the diphthong /i?/ with your partner.
第二篇：英語語音課程教案
Supplementary Materials for Phonetics
List of Phonetic Symbols Vowels Pure vowels 1.Front v./i:/ /i/ /e/ / ? / 2.Central v./ ?:r/ / ?r/ / ?/ /Λ/
3.Back v./a:/ /a:r/ /?/ /?:/ / ?:r/ /u/ /u:/ Diphthongs /ei/ /ai/ / ?i/ / ?u/ /au/ /i?/ / i?r/ / ??r/
Consonants 1.Stops
/p, b/ /t, d/ /k, g/ 2.Frictives /f, v/ /s, z/ /θ/-/e/ /∫/-/ ? / /h/ /r/ 3.Affricatives /t∫/-/d? / /tr, dr/ /ts, ds/ 4.Nasals /m/ /n/ / ? / 5.Laterals /l/ /l/ 6.Semi vowels /w/ /j/
Front vowels /i:/ /i/ /e/ / ? /-/i:/-----key
seat
feel
secret
breathe
police
machine prestige
receipt-/i://i/--------happy seed
seat
sit
league
leak
lick
seized
ceased
cyst--------Tongue Twister
Tim is as thin as a pin, but it isn?t a sin to be thin.-/e/------breath
says
said
bury
edge
led
sesame rebel(n.)---/
/---------sand land marry
hat
cap
garage
Stand up.--------Tongue Twister
Jack?s black cat is catching a fat rat.Dialogue A: What’s the matter, Alice? You look so unhappy.B: I had a bad day yesterday.A: What happened? B: I went shopping and lost my bag.A: Your bag? Did you get it back?
?/ 1
/uB: I went back for it.But it was already gone.A: That’s too bad.I’m sorry to hear it.Back vowels /a:/ /a:r/ /?/
/?:/ / ?:r/ /u/ /u:/-/a:/------calm
palm
Chicago
moustache
na?ve-/a:r/------car
cart
card heart
park
hard
large
pardon hectare part-/ ? /------When the letter “a ” appears in front of one of
the following letters, it is pronounced as / ? /.-ss;-st;-sk;-th;-f;-lf;-m;-n;-gh
/s/ /θ/ /f/ /m/ /n/
glass-class-pass;fast-last-master-vast-past;ask-task-basket;path-bath;after-staff-draft;half-calf;
command-demand dance-chance-advance-advantage-plant-aunt-branch-answer-can?t;laugh-draught--------Martin?s aunt is taking a sun-bath in the afternoon.The dance party in the farmyard lasted far into the night.After class, half of the students went out of the classroom.“You want to lose the chance?” the teacher asked.Time passes very fast.-/?/-----cough
because
sausage
Australia
knowledge
sorry wander---wonder/ ?i/-----boy
noise
oil
employ-/ ?u/ go no
-/au/-------down town brow frown bow house bowel
doubt
drough--------found----fond
down----don
pound----pond
town----ton-/i?/-----idea
theatre
museum-/ i?r/----hear here ear
3-/??r/ bear----beard----moustache pear----pearl----tear(n.)----tear(v.)----mayor-/u?r/----tourist
Plosives/ Stops /p/-/b/ /t/-/d/ /k/-/g/-/p/-----peak
happy
rapid-/b/-----spin
Spain
sport
whisper
respect--------captain top boy
cheap cheese--------cap----cab
mop----mob-----Tongue Twister Peter Pepper picked up a peck of pickled peppers.Did Peter Pepper pick up a peck of pickled peppers? If Peter Pepper picked up a peck of pickled peppers, Where is the peck of pickled peppers Peter Pepper picked up.-/t/------too
task
tie-/d/-----steak
stone
start-football
that day
great joke
Good morning!
Water better butter Peter Betty forty Betty bought a bit of better butter.But said she: “This butter is bitter.It?ll make my batter bitter.”
Fricatives /f/-/v/ /s/-/z/ /θ/-/e/ /∫/-/ ? / /r/ /h/
--/f//v/------five
view--------Forty fat farmers found a field of fine fresh fodder.Now, if the forty fat farmers found a field of fine fresh fodder，Where is the field of fine fresh fodder those forty fat farmers found.-/s//z/------seize-/θ//-e /-----think
thank
thought
these
those--------Neither my mother nor my father likes this weather.-/∫/-/ ? /------she
shell
shore--------She sells seashells on the seashore，And the shells she sells are seashells, I?m sure.?cause if she sells seashells on the seashore,The shells she sells are seashells for sure.-/r/-----spring scream for ever
far away
there is-----Robert Rolly rolled a round roll around.If Robert Rolly rolled a round roll around ，Where is the round roll Robert rolled around.Laterals /l/ /l/-/l/-------love
glad only failure
million
sleep-/l/------feel
girl help world
almost Nasals /m/ /n/ /? /
-/n/-------snow----slow
now----loud----The next number is neither nine nor ninety-nine, but nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine.-/n/-/? /-----sin----sing
thin----thing
son----song--singer
singing
sing a song
The Old Man is Snoring It?s raining.It?s singing.The old man is snoring.He jumped into bed.And bumped his head, And couldn?t get up the next morning.Affricates /t∫/-/d? / /tr/-/dr/ /ts/-/ds/
-/t∫/------China cheap choice choose chose chosen-/d? /------Our Joe wants to know if your Joe
will lend our Joe your Joe?s banjo.If your Joe won?t lend our Joe your Joe?s banjo,Our Joe won?t lend your Joe
our Joe?s banjo when our Joe has a banjo.Jack watched George eat a peach on the bridge near the church.-/tr/--/dr/-----track
try
entry
poetry
street
---The tracker tracked and tricked and trapped the tricky trickster.半元音 /w/ /hw/ /j/-/w/ what where why when-/j/ year/ear
| ?s’treilj?
|
| ?p?’tju:niti
|
| ‘t∫?pstiks |
| lΛg’zu?ri?s |
| ?h?nds?m |
| ?’kaunt?nt |
| d?i’?mitrik?l |
| pres’ti:?
|
| k?fi’ti?ri?
|
| dis’tr?i /
--------c.+ /n/ /t/ cotton written
certainly /d/ pardon garden
suddenly /s/ lesson
listen
person /z/ season
prison /v/ seven
eleven seventy /f/ often c+/l/ little/ capital----schedule lieutenant clerk textile missile epoch leisure hurry ate advertisement anti-address
record either neither
tomato magazine
research Stress Word Stress sometimes
bamboo
produce
homeland decide
goldsmith
rehearsal
timetable well-known
cafeteria
Arabic
calligraphy necessity
afternoon
grandchild
occasional individually
everyday
disagreeable geometrical appropriate
rectangular abbreviation diameter receipt
longevity
approximate mooncake Sentence Stress 1.We made the same mistakes on the test 2.------That?s my sweater.------Oh no, it isn?t.It?s my sweater.3.------Would you like me to write the letter?------No.I want him to write it.4.------Is Colin happy in his job?------No.He is going to move.------What?s Colin going to do?------He?s going to move.------Did you say Colin had moved?------No.He? going to move.5.------When is Peter?s birthday?------It?s on the twenty-first.------Is Peter? birthday on the thirty-first?------No.It?s on the twenty-first.------Did you say Peter?s birthday was on the twenty-fourth?------No.It?s on the twenty-first.English Songs 1.Silent Night, Holy Night Silent night, holy night, All is calm, all is bright.Round your virgin mother and child, Holy infant, so tender and mild, Sleeping heavenly peace.Sleeping heavenly peace.2.Auld Lang Syne Should all acquaintance be forgot, And never brought to mind? Should all acquaintance be forgot, And days of auld lang syne? For auld lang syne, my dear, For auld lang syne.We?ll take a cup of kindness yet For auld lang syne.3.Edelweiss Edelweiss, edelweiss.Every morning you greet me.Small and white, clean and bright, You look happy to meet me.Blossom of snow may you bloom and grow, Bloom and grow for ever.Edelweiss, edelweiss, Bless my homeland forever.4.Do-Re-Me Let?s start at the very beginning, A very good place to start.When you read you begin with A B C, When you sing you begin with Do Re Mi, Do Re Mi, Do Re Mi, The first three notes just happen to be.Do Re Mi, Do Re Mi, Do Re Mi Fa So La Ti, Doe, a deer, a female deer, Ray, a drop of golden sun, Me, a name I call myself, Far, a long, long way to run, Sew, a needle pulling thread, La, a note to follow “Sew”, Tea, a drink with jam and bread.That?ll bring us back to Do, Do, Do, Do Re Mi Fa So La Ti Do So Do.5.Jingle Bells Dashing through the snow, In a one-horse open sleigh, Over the fields we go, Laughing all the way;Bells on bobtail ring, Making spirits bright, What fun it?s to ride and sing A sleighing song tonight!Jingle bells, jingle bells, Jingle all the way!Oh!What fun it?s to ride in a One-horse open sleigh!Jingle bells, Jingle bells, Jingle all the way!Oh!What fun it?s to ride in a one-horse open sleigh.6.Old Black Joe Gone are the days when my heart was young and gay;Gone are my friends from the cotton fields away;Gone from the earth to a better land I know, I hear their gentle voices calling, “Old Black Joe”.I?m coming, I?m coming, For my head is bending low.I hear their gentle voices calling, “Old Black Joe”.7.Oh, No, John On yonder hill there stands a creature, Who she is I don?t know;
I shall go and court her for her beauty, She must answer yes or no, Oh, no, John, no, John, no, John, no!My father was a Spanish captain, Went to sea a month ago;First he kissed me, then he left me, Bid me always answer “No”.Oh, no, John, no John, no, John, no!
8.Five Hundred Miles If you miss the train I?m on, You will know that I am gone.You can hear the whistle blows a hundred miles.A hundred miles, a hundred miles, a hundred miles, a ……You can hear the whistle blows a hundred miles.Lord, I?m one.Lord, I?m two.Lord, I?m three, Lord, I?m four.Lord, I?m five hundred miles away from home.Away from home, away from home, Away from home, away from home.Lord, I?m five hundred miles away from home.Not a shirt on my back.Not a penny to my name.Lord, I?m five hundred miles away from home.Away from home, away from home Away from home, away from home.Lord, I?m five hundred miles away from home.8.Home on the Range Oh, give me a home where the buffalo roam, Where the deer and the antelope play, Where seldom is heard a discouraging word, And the skies are not cloudy all day.Home, home on the range, Where the deer and the antelope play, Where seldom is heard a discouraging word, And the skies are not cloudy all day.9.Long Long Ago Tell me the tales that to me were so dear.Long long ago, long long ago.Sing me the songs I delighted to hear.Long long ago, long ago.Now you?ve come, my grief is gone.Let me forget how love has won.Let me believe that you love as you loved.Long long ago, long ago.Long long ago, long ago.10.My Bonnie is Over the Ocean My Bonnie is over the ocean.My Bonnie is over the sea.My Bonnie is over the ocean.Oh, bring back my Bonnie to me.Bring back, bring back.Oh, bring back my Bonnie to me, to me.Bring back, bring back.Oh, bring back my Bonnie to me.11.You are My Sunshine The other night, dear, as I lay sleeping.I dreamed I held you in my arms.When I awoke, dear, I was mistaken.And I hung my head and cried.You are my sunshine, my only sunshine.You make me happy when skies are gray.You?ll never know, dear, how much I love you.Please don?t take my sunshine away.You told me once, dear, you really loved me.And no one else could come between.But now you?ve left me and love another, Yes, you?ve shattered all my dreams
12.Yesterday Once More When I was young I?d listen to the radio, waiting for my favorite songs.When they played I?d sing along, It made me smile Those were such happy time and not so long ago, How I wondered where they?d gone, But they?re back again Just like a long lost friend.All the songs I love so well.Every sha-la-la-la every wo wo still shine.Every shing-a-ling-a-ling That they?re starting to sing so fine.When they get to the part, Where he?s breaking her heart, It can really make me cry, Just like before.It?s yesterday once more.13.She?ll be Come in Around the Mountain She?ll be come in around the mountain when she comes.She?ll be come in around the mountain when she comes.She?ll be come in around the mountain,----------------When she comes.Short Plays Fly Soup Characters:
Henry Smith(S);a waiter(W);customer 1,2,3(C1, C2, C3);the restaurant manager(M)Scene: a crowded New York restaurant S: Waiter!Waiter!W: Yes? S: There?s a fly in my soup.W: But that?s impossible.S: Look!W: Where? S: There.What?s that? W: What? S: That little black speck of wet wings.What?s that? W: Black paper.It?s black paper.S: It is not black paper.It?s a fly.C1: What?s wrong? C2: What?s the matter? C3: What is it? S: There?s a fly in my soup.W: He says there?s a fly in his soup.C1: Where is it? C2: Let me see.S: There!C3: Yes.That?s a fly.W: No, it isn?t.S: Yes, it is.W: No, it isn?t.M: What?s going on here?
W: This man says there?s a fly in his soup.M: There?s a fly in his soup in my restaurant?
That?s impossible.S: Here, what?s this? Is this a fly or not?
M: Shea!Please, Mr.Shea!Waiter, bring us steak dinner.S: Well, maybe, bring us steak dinner and wine and pie and coffee.C1: What?s that? C2: What? C1: This.C2, C3: What is it? C1: it?s a box of flies.M: Get out of my restaurant.Get out!Tongue Twister 1.A big black bug bit a big black bear made the big black bear bleed blood.Good morning blackboard 2.Peter Pepper picked up a peck of pickled peppers.Did Peter Pepper pick up a peck of pickled peppers? If Peter Pepper picked up a peck of pickled peppers, Where is the peck of pickled peppers Peter Pepper picked up.3.Forty fat farmers found a field of fine fresh fodder.Now, if the forty fat farmers found a field of fine fresh fodder, Where is the field of fine fresh fodder those forty fat farmers found.4.She sells seashells on the seashore.The shells she sells are seashells, I?m sure.?cause if she sells seashells on the seashore，the shells she sells are seashells for sure.5.Robert Rolly rolled a round roll around.If Robert Rolly rolled a round roll around, Where is the round roll Robert rolled around.Exercises for rhythm
1.One, Two, Three, Four, five One two three four five, Once I caught a fish alive.Six seven eight nine ten, then I let it go again.Why did you let it go? ?cause it bit my finger so.Which finger did it bite? This little finger on the right.1.Swift the Moment Flies Away.Swift the moment flies away.First the hours and then the day.Next the week the month the year, Go away and disappear.2.In the Merry Month of May In the merry month of May, All the little birds are gay.They all hop, land, sing and say, The winter days are far away.Welcome, welcome the merry may.3.Four seasons Spring is gay with flower and song Summer is hot and days are long.Autumn is rich with fruit and grain, Winter brings snow and the New Year again.4.The Snow Man We built a snow man nice and white And decorated him very bright, With a big top hat and a carrot nose, And a scarf as red a full-bloomed rose.This snow man came alive one day.And we did laugh and dance and play.By our fireplace he knelt, And too soon, our snow man did melt.5.Dreams
Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly.Hold fast to dreams For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow.6.I breathed a song into the air, it fell to earth I knew not where.for who has sight so keen and strong, that it can follow the flight of songs.7.Two Little Dragons Two little dragons lived in a wood.One was bad one was good.One went walking straight to school.One went fishing in Cranberry pool.One learned add-up and takeaway.One spent all his time in play.One helped mother when school was done, One chased little boys just for fun.If you were a dragon and lived in a wood, Would you be bad or would you be good?
Topics for discussion 1.Talk with you partner about your personal preference for weather.2.Ask you friend to help you with your English studies 3.Buying shoes in a shoe shop, talking with the shop assistant.talk with your partner about what you think you?ll be doing in the winter vocation.4.Discuss with your partner what are the advantages and disadvantages of having a phone, give your own opinions.6.Make a dinner date with your friend on the phone.語音練習(xí)jazz chants 1.Sh!Sh!Baby's sleeping!Presentation notes: I usually introduce this chants by asking the students what they say when Someone is making too much noise.I write their answers on the blackboard, including Sh, Hush Please be quite and shut up, explaining the reason we are asking for silence is that the baby's sleeping.I said,Sh!Sh!Baby's sleeping!I said , Sh!Sh!Baby's sleeping!What did you say? What did you say ? I said Sh!Sh!Baby's sleeping!I said, Sh!Sh!Baby's sleeping!What did you say? What did you say ? I said,Please be quite,Baby's sleeping!I said,Please be quite,Baby's sleeping!What did you say? What did you say? What did you say? I said , Shut up!Shut up!Baby's sleeping!I said, Shut up!Shut up!Baby's sleeping!WAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Easter Easter Sunday is a Christian festival commemorating the Resurrection of Christ.It is in spring, usually in April.The idea of the egg as a symbol of new life was adopted to symbolize the Resurrection.Easter is a joyful church holiday, and many churches have an outdoor service at sunrise on this day.Children and their parents color hard-boiled eggs before Easter.Late Saturday night or early Sunday morning the eggs are hidden, and the children have an Easter egg hunt Sunday.Usually little candies and perhaps a large chocolate egg are hidden along with real eggs.Little children believe the Easter rabbit comes and leaves the eggs for them.By this time of the year, winter is over and the weather is getting warmer.Many people buy new spring clothes and wear them for the first time on Easter Sunday.Most of us like to eat potatoes.But most people do not know what part of the potato is best for food.Take a sharp knife and cut from the middle of the potato a slice as thin as paper.Hold the slice between your eyes and the light.You will see that the potato has a skin, an outside rim, and an inside part.The outside rim which is immediately beneath the skin of the potato is the most valuable part of all.This is often thrown away with the skin.Even the skin itself is better for food than the inside.When eating a baked potato, if you scoop out the inside and leave the outside, you are wasting the best of it.If you cannot eat the whole potato, eat the outside and leave the inside.Verse-reading: London Bridge is falling down, Falling down, falling down.London Bridge is falling down, My fair lady.Exercises for Incomplete Plosion, Nasal and Lateral plosion 1.Incomplete plosion
blackboard, great concern, friendship first, a one-sided view constant vigilance, a complete victory, abstract theory,a public show, white chalk, excellent judgement 2.Nasal Plosion /t,d+m,n/ good morning, attend meetings, midnight, good news An important matter, don’t know 3.Lateral Plosion /t,d+l/ little, battle,bottle handle, candle, middle boldly, friendly, loudly at least, at last,at lunch an outline, the third lesson
Exercises for Linking 1.Consonant +Vowel Good idea/ read it again/ an hour/ in an hour/ in August/ in an instant/ let him in/ back in a minute/ a bottle of ink/ a bowl of rice/ above all/ take it off 2.R-linking There is/ our own/ far away/ father and mother/ for instance 3.Vowel+vowel /i/ I am/ try again/ stay up /u/ go out/ go on/ throw away
Exercises for Weak Forms a an / ?, ?n / a table/ an ugly man/ an honest girl am / ?m, m / I?m all right./ I?m in a terrible hurry.and / ?nd, ?n / John and Kate left early.Are / ? / The boys are here.Can /k ?n/ What can I do to help you.Been /bin/ All the work’s been done.He /hi, i/ He told me a story./ What was it he said?
Ice-breaking Team Activity: Say it in Different Mood Your team has 10 minutes to practice the following sentences according to the instructions in brackets.Your team has 2 sentences to perform.When performing, your team has to face the audience and say the 2 sentences picked by the host of the game.Criteria 1.Able to present the sentence in the right mood as instructed.2.Good pronunciation and intonation.3.Good-cooperation---members being active to perform and teaam spirit shown.4.Able to finish performance within the set time(30 seconds)
Score 5 marks good performance 3 marks average performance 1 marks improvement much needed Sentences 1.The missing animals is found in the rainforest.(secretly)2.The missing animals is found in the rainforest.(surprisingly)3.The missing animals is found in the rainforest.(announcing good news to the public)4.Don’t move!Or you’ll die.(whispering to your friends when you two are hiding)5.Don’t move!Or you’ll die.(shouting to warn your friend of the danger)6.Don’t move!Or you’ll die.(threatening the victim)7.What a good suggestion you make!(with appreciation)8.What a good suggestion you make!mockingly)9.Oh my goodness!Susan has broken the record!
第三篇：英語語音語調(diào)教學(xué)教案
英語語音語調(diào)教學(xué)教案
1.什么是語音？
What is phonetics?
Phonetics: deals with speech sounds.The study of the phonetic medium of language 2.英語語音教程的范疇？
1)掌握英語44個音素的發(fā)音.Phone/phoneme: The smallest meaning-distinctive sound unit 用以區(qū)別意義的最小發(fā)音單位.元音20個(單元音12+雙元音8)+輔音音素24個,共計44.2)了解英語的音節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu).掌握不同音素組合的發(fā)音.Syllable 3)正確地把握詞與詞之間過渡,使同一意群的詞連貫和流暢地連接在一起； 4)掌握每個多音節(jié)詞的重音模式;（stress pattern）
5)熟悉并使用單詞的強讀式和弱讀式.(Strong Form & Weak Form)
6）正確的掌握句子重音；（stress）7）掌握正確的話語節(jié)奏；(rhythm)8）正確。得體地使用語調(diào)；(intonation)9）最重要的是，通過正確的語音語調(diào)來達到交際的目的。3學(xué)習(xí)語音的重要意義？Why do we learn this course? 1)有利于正確地從聲音方面表達思想，對聽說技能的獲得是必須的。2)有助于語法和詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)。
（全面的牢固的掌握一門外語。必須有聲地掌握該們語音即首先掌握語音。）4學(xué)習(xí)語音應(yīng)注意什么？ 1）多聽、多模仿、多練習(xí)。2）以聽促讀、說。
3）掌握每個音是怎么發(fā)音的。（發(fā)音器官）英語語調(diào)的意義 語調(diào)（intonation），即說話的腔調(diào)，就是一句話里聲調(diào)（pitch）高低抑揚輕重的配制和變化。世界上沒有一種語言是用單一的聲調(diào)說出的，以英語為例，英語有五種基本語調(diào)：升調(diào)（↗）、的降調(diào)（↙）、的升降調(diào)（∧）、的降升調(diào)（∨）以及平調(diào)（→）。一句話除了詞匯意義（lexical meaning）還有語調(diào)意義（intonation meaning）。所謂詞匯意義就是話中所用詞的意義，而語調(diào)意義就是說話人用語調(diào)所表示的態(tài)度或口氣。一句話的詞匯意義加上語調(diào)意義才算是完全的意義。同樣的句子，語調(diào)不同，意思就會不同，有時甚至?xí)嗖钋Ю?。請看下例?1）A：Jean，can you bring me the newspaper？ B：Sorry？（↗）
Jean用升調(diào)說“Sorry”，其意思是“I didn't hear you．Could you say that again，please？” 我們再看下句：
2）A：Jean，can you bring me the newspaper？ B：Sorry．（↙）
在對話2）中，Jean用降調(diào)說“Sorry”，顯然其意思是拒絕幫助或無能為力。美國著名語言學(xué)家Kenneth L．Pike認為：
一個音節(jié)的絕對調(diào)高是不重要的，而一個音節(jié)與另外一個的相對高度才是非常重要的。英語有四級能區(qū)別意義的調(diào)高： 1）特高調(diào)（extra high），即比正常的聲調(diào)高兩級，常在感情特別激動或驚訝時使用。2）高調(diào)（high），即比正常的聲調(diào)高一級，一般用于語句中關(guān)鍵性的重讀詞。3）中調(diào)（mid），即說話人聲音的正常高度。4）低調(diào)（low），即比正常的聲調(diào)低一級，一般是降調(diào)的最低點。
應(yīng)該按照說話人的態(tài)度來分語調(diào)模式，而不能按照句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)來分。沒有所謂“疑問句的語調(diào)”或“陳述句的語調(diào)”。因為疑問句和陳述句都可以用各種語調(diào)模式來說。因此，對于我們中國的英語學(xué)習(xí)者來說，通過了解某種調(diào)型所表示的某種態(tài)度或口氣也就頗為重要。事實上，無論是在現(xiàn)實生活中還是在考試中，我們的學(xué)生常會因為對這些知識缺乏了解而無法確定說話人的態(tài)度、的感情、的口吻和意圖等。然而這又是一個比較復(fù)雜的問題。本文將通過具體的例子從兩方面來說明這個問題： I．一句話中絕對調(diào)高及音調(diào)的相對高度所包含的意義
眾所周知，人們在興奮、的驚訝或感情激動時說話的語調(diào)就高，而在相反的情況下，語調(diào)則低。因此，在同一個場合中，如果一個人的語調(diào)明顯高于另一個，或明顯低于另一個，以此就可以推斷出該說話人的意思及態(tài)度。
這里我們要著重談?wù)勔痪湓捴姓Z調(diào)的相對高度的不同所包含的意義。一句話中的語調(diào)波峰一般都是句重音所在。通過一句話中的語調(diào)波峰所在，我們就可以了解說話人的意思。如人們讀“I live in the city．”這句話時，由于強調(diào)的對象不同，語調(diào)也就隨之發(fā)生了變化?，F(xiàn)不妨比較如下：
I（↗）live in the city．（隱含著在場的其他人不住在城里的意思）I live（↗）in the city．（表示“我”只是“住在”城里，其隱含的意思是“我不在城里工作”或其他意思）
I live in（↗）the city．（表示“我住在城里邊”，其隱含的意思是“我不住在城外”）因此，對下面的對話所提問的問題進行選擇時，就不難回答了。3）M：Linda looked very tired these days． W：She looked OK to me（↗）．
Q：What does the woman think of Linda？（D）［A］She saw Linda and me． ［B］Linda said she was fine．
［C］She looked up the word for me． ［D］She considered Linda was all right．
這句話里的句重音碰巧落在句子的最后一個單詞“me”上。因為女士用升調(diào)重讀“me”，這表示了女士有意與男士的看法形成對比，意思是：在你的眼里，她顯得疲憊，可在我看來，她沒什么問題。這表示了她那種無所謂的態(tài)度。
II．某些句型由于句尾語調(diào)的改變而引起意義改變的現(xiàn)象
1．使用疑問詞who，which，what，how，when，where，why的特殊疑問句可以用降調(diào)也可以用升調(diào)，但含義是不同的。如：
4）A：Mr．Smith thinks we ought to get the money in hand first． B：Who？（↗）A：Mr．Smith． B用升調(diào)說“Who”，表示聽不清對方談話中的某一部分，要求對方再重復(fù)那一部分。5）A：We'd like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group． B：Who？（↙）
A：We thought that you or Dr．Johnson might do it． B用降調(diào)說“Who”，其意思是問，對方想讓誰在開場時致歡迎詞。
2．附加疑問句可以讀升調(diào)也可以讀降調(diào)，意思是不相同的。降調(diào)表示發(fā)問者相信陳述句的內(nèi)容，只等對方證實。升調(diào)表示發(fā)問者對陳述句內(nèi)容的真實性沒有把握，希望對方作出自己的判斷。如：
6）A：You willfinish the work，won't you？（↙）B：Yes，I will．
A用降調(diào)提問，意思是：I know you will finish the work，but I want you to confirm it． 7）A：You willfinish the work，won'tyou？（↗）B：Yes，I will．（或No，I won't．）A用升調(diào)提問，表示A心中沒有把握，因此，得到的回答既可能是肯定的，也可能是否定的。因此，如果聽到下面的對話并就所提問題進行選擇時，哪個選項正確也就不言而喻了。8）W：Mary says she likes playing tennis．
M：But she doesn't play tennis often，does she？（↙）Q：Whatdoesthe man imply about Mary？（B）［A］She plays a lot of other sports． ［B］She doesn't really like tennis． ［C］She only likes watching tennis． ［D］She has a lot of things to do．
3．語調(diào)可以反應(yīng)談話人的互動性。如： 9）A：Are you Mr．Blake？ B：Yes．（↙）
A：Room twenty-six．
在這個例子中，B用降調(diào)說“Yes”，表示B的認可，這是一個封閉式的回答，這表明如果A沒有新的問題要問或新的信息要告知，也許他們的對話就可以結(jié)束了。10）A：Are you Mr．Blake？ B：Yes？（↗）
A：Ah，the secretary would like a word with you． 在這個例子中，B用升調(diào)回答“Yes”，表示這是一個開放式的回答，相當(dāng)于：“Yes． But why do you ask？”或是“Yes．But who want to know？”之意。這也就是說，B在回答A的問題的同時又向A提出了一個新問題，并要求A予以回答。
掌握了這一點之后，對于下面的對話所提問的問題，就不難回答了。11）M：How long shall we stay at the Grand Canyon？ W：A day？（↗）
Q：What does the woman mean？（B）
［A］We shall stay at the Grand Canyon for one day． ［B］Shall we stay at the Grand Canyon for one day？
［C］To stay at the Grand Canyon for one day is too short． ［D］To stay at the Grand Canyon for one day is enough．
4．陳述句式一般讀降調(diào)，用以陳述事實。若讀升調(diào)，往往表示對所說事情的懷疑。如： She lent him her car．（↙）（用以陳述事 實）
She lent him her car？（↗）（表示驚奇、的懷疑，含有“Did she really lend her car to him ？”之意。）
再請看下面的試題：
12）M：I started driving at 8：00yesterday and arrived here at 5：30 this morning． W：You drove all night？（↗）Q：What does the woman mean？ ［A］Night driving can be dangerous．
［B］You shouldn't have driven during the night． ［C］Why don't you drive all night？ ［D］Did you really drive all night？ 答案為D。
5．有些一般疑問句的句式讀作降調(diào)，實際上表示感嘆。如：Hasn't she grown?。èL）這句話實則表示：她長得多快！請看下面的試題：
13）M：Wasn't Sam's speech great?。èL）W：Are you serious？
Q：What does the man say about Sam's speech？ ［A］Sam's speech wasn't great，was it？ ［B］Sam's speech was great，wasn't it？ ［C］Sam gave a serious speech． ［D］Sam was not serious． 答案為B。
這里順便說一下，問句不表示疑問的另一種情況：當(dāng)一方提出一個問題，而另一方用問句作為回答時，這個問句有時是不需要回答的，而實際上相當(dāng)于陳述句，但別有意味。如： 14）A：Are you going to watch TV again？ B：What else is there to do？（↗）B反問A一個問題“What else is there to do？”，意思是：（除了看電視）還有什么好干的呢？ 因此，對下面的問題就不難回答了。
15）M：Do you think Petty is qualified to do the job？ W：If Petty is not，who is？（↗）
Q：What does the woman mean？（C）［A］Petty is not qualified for the job． ［B］Nobody is qualified for the job． ［C］Petty is well qualified for the job．
［D］Allexcept Petty are qualified for the job．
有些一般疑問句句式也不需要回答，其功能也相當(dāng)于陳述句，但肯定結(jié)構(gòu)表否定，否定結(jié)構(gòu)表肯定，而且傳遞了說話人濃烈的情緒。如：
16）W：Haven't you got anything better to do？（↗）
M：Ok，Mum，I'll turn off the TV and begin to do my homework．
顯然，媽媽的意思是責(zé)備兒子不應(yīng)該看電視，而應(yīng)該做比看電視更有益的事——也就是說，媽媽認為兒子有更好的事可做。而對話中，兒子當(dāng)然也明白媽媽的意思，因此說要關(guān)掉電視，開始做功課。再如：
17）M：I've observed you for ten minutes．What have you been doing？ W：Are you blind？（↗）
Q：What can be inferred about the woman's attitude toward the man？（B）［A］Polite． ［B］Unfriendly． ［C］Indifferent． ［D］Cautious． 女士用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問句說“Are you blind？”，意思是說“你不是瞎子，難道看不見嗎？”故而可知，女士不太友善?？偠灾?，只要英語學(xué)習(xí)者內(nèi)心樹立了對語調(diào)的重視意識，培養(yǎng)起敏感的感知能力和反應(yīng)能力，經(jīng)過多年的英語學(xué)習(xí)和積累，再加上我們從母語中獲得的語調(diào)知識，我們肯定能成功應(yīng)付語調(diào)的問題。而在聽力考試中，除了我們能聽得到的說話人的語音特征，如語速、的絕對調(diào)高、的語調(diào)范圍及語調(diào)之外，輔之以詞匯意義、的上下文線索、的四個選項所圈定的范圍等，選出正確的選項應(yīng)該不是一個困難的問題。英語語音語調(diào)基本知識語調(diào) 我們說話時可以隨意改變音高，使音調(diào)上升或下降。我們還可以像歌唱家那樣突然抬高話語的音調(diào)。音調(diào)的這種上揚或下降叫語調(diào)。英語有兩種基本的語調(diào): 升調(diào)和降調(diào)（分別用符號“.”、“∈”表示）。升降的過程可以是急促的，也可以是緩慢的，還可以形成不同的組合。說話人可以通過語調(diào)準(zhǔn)確地表達各種信息。
（1）升調(diào):升調(diào)多用來表示“不肯定”和“未完結(jié)”的意思，比如：
一般疑問句，語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)的祈使句，以及用陳述句子形式表示疑問的各類句子。如: a）Shall I tell him to come and see.you?（一般疑問句的正常語調(diào)）b）You.like.him?（用于陳述句形式的疑問句中，期待得到對方證實）c）.What have you got there?（用于特殊疑問句中，語氣親切熱情）
d）.Right you.are.（用于某些感嘆句中，表示輕快、活潑、鼓勵等意義）e）She bought.red，.yellow，and.green rugs.（用于排例句中，區(qū)別語義）
（2）降調(diào): 降調(diào)表示“肯定”和“完結(jié)”。一般用于陳述句、特殊疑問句、命令句和感嘆句中。例如:
a）Swimming is my favourite∈sport.（用于陳述句表示肯定的意義）
b）What did you find∈there?（降調(diào)用于特殊疑問句表示說話人濃厚的興趣）c）Tell me all about∈it.（語氣較強的命令）
d）Have you got the∈tickets?（降調(diào)用于一般疑問句表示說話人的態(tài)度粗率、不耐煩或不高興）
e）How∈nice!（用于感嘆句，表示感嘆）
英語中除了升調(diào)、降調(diào)這兩種最基本的語調(diào)外，還有降—升調(diào)、升—降調(diào)、升—降—升調(diào)、平調(diào)等。我們掌握了基本的降升調(diào)后，可以查閱參考書，再增加這方面的知識。英語語音語調(diào)基本知識音的連讀
在英語的實際運用中，人們常將屬于同一意群的詞連在一起，一口氣說出來。意群中詞與詞之間不留空隙，這種讀法叫“連讀”（用“（”來表示）。英語有三種連讀形式:
（1）輔音（除了/r/、/w/和/j/）+元音: 單詞末尾的輔音同下一個以元音開頭的單詞連讀。例如: read i（t /5ri:dit/，brush u（p/5brQFQp/。在朗讀這種連讀時，可以采用這樣的技巧: 把前面詞的末尾輔音移到后一個詞的開頭來讀。如: pu（t i（t on 可讀成 /5pu-ti-tRn/。
（2）元音+元音: 前一個詞的末尾元音和后一個詞的起首元音連在一起讀出，使它們中間不出現(xiàn)停頓。如: do it/5du-it/，he ate some/hietsQm/，輕輕地滑到下一個元音上。
（3）/r/+元音: 這一類連讀分為詞末連接音 /r/ 和外加音 /r/ 與元音的連讀。
a）單詞末尾或音節(jié)末尾的 r 在英式英語中是不發(fā)音的。但是，在連貫話語里，如果這個單詞后面緊跟著一個以元音開頭的詞，而且兩個詞在意義上密切相關(guān)且中間無停頓隔開時，就可能是原來不發(fā)音的字母 r 讀為 /r/，并同后一個單詞的元音字首相連。例如: there is /5TeEriz/，forever /fR5revE/。
b）為了避免讓兩個意義相關(guān)的比鄰詞的末首元音分立而讀，我們通常在前一個詞的結(jié)尾元音和后面單詞的起首元音之間加上 /r/ 音，這就是外加音 /r/。如: idea of it/ai5diErEvit/，the sofa over there/TE5sEufErEuvE-TeE/。: 英語語音語調(diào)基本知識弱讀
單詞在句中可以強讀，也可以弱讀，主要取決于上下文所表達的意思。有些英語單詞本身具有兩種或兩種以上不同發(fā)音。以單詞some為例，該詞在重讀或單獨出現(xiàn)時，其元音的發(fā)音與單詞sum完全一樣。但是，當(dāng) some 在句子中作為非重讀單詞時，其元音就顯得短而模糊。弱讀音節(jié)中最常見的音是中元音/E/。一個單詞在強讀或弱讀具有不同（兩種或兩種以上）發(fā)音時，這些不同的形式就叫詞的強讀式或弱讀式。英語單詞中有強讀式和弱讀式的單詞大約有50多個，而且他們多出現(xiàn)在句子的非重讀音節(jié)里。從詞性上看，它們大多為單音節(jié)的限定詞、助動詞、動詞 be、介詞、關(guān)聯(lián)詞和人稱代詞等。例如:
some/sQm/→/sEm/→/sm/;have/hAv/→/hEv/→/v/;were/wE:/→/wE/，must/mQst/→/mEst，mEs/→/mst，ms/;do/du:/→/d/→/du/→/dE/，and/And/→/End，En/→/En/;of/Rv/→/Ev/→/v/，them/Tem/→/TEm/→/Tm/;we/wi:/→/wi/ 等。繞口令”練習(xí)英語語音語調(diào)！在學(xué)習(xí)英語的過程中，很多學(xué)員苦于自己的發(fā)音太差，迫切想知道如何提高自己的英語語音語調(diào)呢，當(dāng)然首先還是得模仿，模仿了之后還得有自我的練習(xí)啦。
那這里呢，我們就來看下繞口令這種語言游戲，對于練習(xí)英語語音語調(diào)都是極為有用。這樣練習(xí)語音既有意思，又收效明顯。
漢語中的繞口令是將聲、韻、調(diào)極易混淆的字交叉重疊，編成句子，說快了容易發(fā)生錯誤。美國人也說繞口令。由于英語中只有重音，不像漢語那么復(fù)雜，因此，英語中的繞口令遠不如漢語中的那么多，其繁復(fù)的程度也不如漢語中那么有趣?？傊?，顯得“薄”了一點，當(dāng)然還是可以有助于練習(xí)英語語音。繞口令是多少代人創(chuàng)作、提煉、升華而成的，可以說是群眾集體智慧的結(jié)晶。因此，美國人
所說的繞口令，也不乏有看了或讀來令人忍俊不禁的佳句。讓我們來看下面的例句：
1.Sixty-six sick chicks
2.The sixth sick sheik's sixth sheep's sick.例句１可以說是美國人說的最簡單的繞口令了，比較容易理解；例句２還被列入《吉尼斯世界紀錄大全》。這里還要說明的是，把美國人說的繞口令譯成漢語，同時又能讓中國人聽了捧腹大笑，這幾乎是不可能的。就拿被《吉尼斯世界紀錄大全》收入的例句２來說，翻譯成中文只能是：第六位生病的酋長的第六只羊病了。把這句話說給不懂英語的人聽，是不會覺得有趣，不會發(fā)笑的。但對于懂英語的人來說，學(xué)說英語繞口令，無論從練習(xí)口齒的伶俐性還是了解英語語言的特點來說，都是一個極好的素材。
下面再提幾個常見的繞口令，相信在你耐心地讀，細心地品味后，最終會發(fā)出會心的笑聲，感嘆美國人的睿智的。
3.She sells seashells by the seashore.4.Amidst the mists and coldest frosts, with barest wrists and stoutest boasts, he thrust his fist against the posts, and insists he sees the ghosts.5.Betty Botter bought a bit of butter,“But,”she said,“this butter is bitter,if I put it in my batter,it will make my batter bitter, but a bit of better butter will make my batter better,”So Betty Botty bought a bit of better butter, and it makes her batter better.再向大家推薦一則被美國許多繞口令愛好者認為是最難的，最拗口的繞口令。
6.Theophilus Thistle, the thistle—sifter,sifted a sieve of unsifted thistles.If Theophilus Thistles, where is the sieve of unsifted thistles Theophilus Thistle, the thistle—sifter,sifted? 繞口令只是讓你分辯一下有近音的單詞的讀音，不要濫用。再怎么說，生活中也很難遇到像繞口令一樣的說話。
附件上為一些英語經(jīng)典繞口令供大家練習(xí)）
英語經(jīng)典繞口令
下載 images.juren.com/file/quick/200905/3078af2d1532455a0e7585c2fd2cf77a.doc 提高語音語調(diào)的幾個方法
Listen to spoken English as often as possible.多聽別人說，自己做有心人。V4 r& C(