第一篇：初中英語常見混易基礎(chǔ)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)小結(jié)

初中英語常見混易基礎(chǔ)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)小結(jié)

1.Shall I…? Will you…?

Shall I…? 征求對(duì)方意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵?，意為我能…嗎?Will you…? 請求或建議對(duì)方做某事，意為你愿意…嗎？Will you help me? Yes, I will.2.amount, number amount后接不可數(shù)名詞，number后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students 3.incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.4.family, house, home home 家，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員.My family is a happy one.5.sound, voice, noise sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.6.photo, picture, drawing photo用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing畫的畫 Let's go and see a good picture.7.vocabulary, word vocabulary詞匯，一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量，word具體的單詞He has a large vocabulary.8.population, people population人口，人數(shù)，people具體的人 China has a large population.9.weather, climate weather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate長期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.10.road, street, path, way road具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑

take this road;in the street, show me the way to the museum.11.course, subject course課程（可包括多門科目），subject科目（具體的學(xué)科）a summer course 12.custom, habit custom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接to do，habit生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接of doing.I've got the habit of drinking a lot.13.cause, reason cause 指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth.the reason for being late 14.exercise, exercises, practice exercise運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉（不可數(shù)），exercises練習(xí)（可數(shù)），practice（反復(fù)做的）練習(xí)Practice makes perfect.15.class, lesson 作“課”解時(shí),兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson.指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用class.lesson 6;class 5 16.speech, talk, lecture speech指在公共場所所做的經(jīng)過準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on… 17.officer, official officer部隊(duì)的軍官，official政府官員 an army officer 18.work, job 二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù) a good job 19.couple, pair couple主要指人或動(dòng)物，pair多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers 20.country, nation, state, land country側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，nation指人民，國民，民族，state側(cè)重指政府，政體，land國土，國家 The whole nation was sad at the news.21.cook, cooker cook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook.22.damage, damages damage不可數(shù)名詞, 損害，損失;damages復(fù)數(shù)形式, 賠償金 $900 damages 23.police, policeman police警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，policeman 指某個(gè)具體的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.24.problem, question problem常和困難連系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer連用 25.man, a man man人類，a man一個(gè)男人 Man will conquer nature.26.chick, chicken 二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當(dāng)雞肉 The chicken is delicious.27.telegram, telegraph 當(dāng)電報(bào)解時(shí)，telegram指具體的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph 28.trip, journey, travel, voyage travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip 29.sport, game sport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動(dòng)，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等；game指決定勝負(fù)的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則 His favorite sport is swimming.30.price, prize price價(jià)格，prize獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金 win the first prize The price is high/low.31.a number of, the number of a number of許多，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the number of…的數(shù)目，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The number of students is increasing.32.in front of, in the front of in front of范圍外的前面，in the front of范圍內(nèi)的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.33.of the day, of a day of the day每一天的，當(dāng)時(shí)的，當(dāng)代的，of a day暫時(shí)的，不長久的 a famous scientist of the day 34.three of us, the three of us three of us我們（不止三個(gè)）中的三個(gè)，the three of us我們?nèi)齻€(gè)（就三個(gè)人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.35.by bus, on the bus by bus表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus表范圍 They went there by bus.36.for a moment, for the moment for a moment 片刻，一會(huì)兒，for the moment暫時(shí)，一時(shí) Thinking for a moment, he agreed.37.next year, the next year next year將來時(shí)間狀語，the next year過去將來時(shí)間狀語 He said he would go abroad the next year.38.more than a year, more than one year more than a year一年多，more than one year超過一年（兩年或三年等）39.take advice, take the(one's)advice take advice征求意見，take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.40.take air, take the air take air傳播，走漏，take the air到戶外去，散步 We take the air every day.41.in a word, in words in a word總之，一句話，in words口頭上 In a word, you are right.42.in place of, in the place of in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.43.in secret, in the secret in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語；in the secret知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語 My mother was in the secret from the beginning.44.a girl, one girl a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一個(gè)女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box? 45.take a chair, take the chair take a chair相當(dāng)于sit down坐下，take the chair開始開會(huì) 46.go to sea, by sea, by the sea go to sea當(dāng)海員，出航，by sea乘船，由海路，by the sea在海邊 go by sea 47.the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher the doctor and teacher指一個(gè)人，既是醫(yī)生又是老師，the doctor and the teacher兩個(gè)人，一個(gè)醫(yī)生和一個(gè)老師 the doctor and teacher is 48.in office, in the office in office在職的，in the office在辦公室里 He is in office, not out of office.49.in bed, on the bed in bed臥在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed.He is ill in bed.50.in charge of, in the charge of in charge of管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料，in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter.The matter is in the charge of her.51.in class, in the class in class在課上，in the class在班級(jí)里 He is the best student in the class.52.on fire, on the fire on fire著火,on the fire在火上 Put the food on the fire.The house is on fire.53.out of question, out of the question out of question毫無疑問的，out of the question不可能的 54.a second, the second a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.55.by day, by the day by day白天，by the day按天計(jì)算 The workers are paid by the day.56.the people, a people the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.57.it, one it同一物體，one同類不同一 I lost my pen.I have to buy a new one.58.that, this that指代上文所提到的，this導(dǎo)出下文所要說的 I was ill.That's why… 59.none, nothing, no one none強(qiáng)調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one強(qiáng)調(diào)有沒有，nothing指物，no one指人

---How many…/How much…?---None.60.anyone, any one anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you 61.who, what who指姓名或關(guān)系，what指職業(yè)或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.62.what, which what的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無限制的，which在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? 63.other, another other后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，another后接名詞單數(shù) other students, another student 64.not a little, not a bit not a little非常，not a bit一點(diǎn)也不 I'm not a bit tired.我一點(diǎn)兒也不累。65.many, much, a lot of many和可數(shù)名詞連用，much和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books.66.much more…than, many more…than

much more…than后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，many more…than后接可數(shù)名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful 67.no, not no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water 68.no more than, not more than no more than相當(dāng)于only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過 69.majority, most majority只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可 the majority of people 70.by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself by oneself單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的，for oneself為自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自動(dòng)的 The door opened of itself.71.at all, after all at all根本，全然, after all到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.72.tall, high tall常指人或動(dòng)物，high常指物體 He is tall.73.fast, quickly fast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly 74.high, highly high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of 75.healthy, healthful healthy健康的，健壯的，healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise 76.sleeping, asleep, sleepy sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep.I'm sleepy.77.gold, golden gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金魚用gold fish a gold ring 78.most, mostly most用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞，mostly大部分,是副詞 most people, the people are mostly… 79.just, very just表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是副詞，作狀語，very表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是形容詞，用作定語 the very man, just the man 80.wide, broad wide側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣broad shoulders 81.real, true

real真的，真實(shí)的，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合 real gold, a true story 82.respectful, respectable

respectful尊敬，有禮貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged 83.outwards, outward

二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，outward還可用作形容詞 an outward voyage 84.pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定語，pleased, pleasing常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，pleasing主語常為物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.85.understanding, understandable

understanding明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable 可理解的，能夠懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake 86.close, closely

close接近，*近，closely緊緊地，緊密地 closely connected, stand close 87.ill, sick

ill做表語，sick定，表均可 a sick boy 88.good, well

good形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.89.quiet, silent, still

quiet安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動(dòng)，still完全不動(dòng)，完全無聲響 He stand there still.他站在那兒，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也不說話。90.hard, hardly

hard努力，hardly幾乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.91.able, capable

able與不定式to do連用，capable與of連用 He is capable of doing… 92.almost, nearly

二者均為“幾乎,差不多” 和否定詞連用用almost almost nobody 93.late, lately

late遲，晚，lately最近，近來 I haven't seen him lately.94.living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均為活著的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定語后置，live只能做定語，lively意為活波的 all the living people=all the people alive 95.excited, exciting

excited使人興奮的，exciting令人興奮的 I'm excited.The news is exciting.96.deep, deeply

deep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep 97.aloud, loud

aloud出聲地，loud大聲地 read aloud(出聲地讀)98.worth, worthy

二者均為值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done

It is worth visiting.= It's worthy to be visited.= It's worthy of being visited.99.bad, badly

bad形容詞，badly副詞，不好，但與need, want, require連用為“很，非常” go bad I need the book badly.100.before long, long before

before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long

101.quite, rather

quite完全地，相當(dāng)于completely, rather修飾比較級(jí) quite impossible 102.happy, glad

happy高興，幸福，定表均可，glad高興，只能做表語 a happy girl 103.instead, instead of

instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，instead of是介詞短語，放在句中He didn't see a film.Instead he watched TV.He watched TV instead of seeing a film.104.too much, much too

too much 后接不可數(shù)名詞，much too后接形容詞 much too heavy 105.be about to, be going to, be to do

be about to表最近的將來，后面不接時(shí)間狀語，be going to 側(cè)重打算，想法，be to do側(cè)重意志，計(jì)劃，安排I'm to meet him.(含雙方事先約好的意思)106.raise, rise

raise及物動(dòng)詞，rise不及物動(dòng)詞 The sun rises in the east.107.bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動(dòng)作 fetch a box of chalk 108.spend, take, pay, cost

spend人做主語，花錢，花時(shí)間;spend…on sth./in doing sth;take物做主語，花時(shí)間;pay人做主語，花錢，pay for;cost物做主語，花錢 109.join, join in, take part in

join加入某個(gè)組織，并成為其中的一員；join in參加小型的活動(dòng), join sb.in；take part in 參加大型的活動(dòng) He joined the army five years ago.110.learn, study

learn學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，study學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的過程，研究

study the problem 111.want, hope, wish

want打算，想要，want to do, want sb.to do, hope希望（通常可以實(shí)現(xiàn)），hope to do/ hope that… wish希望（通常不能實(shí)現(xiàn)）wish(sb.)to do, wish sb/sth.+ n.I wish you success.112.discover, invent, find out

discover發(fā)現(xiàn)本來存在但不為人所知的東西，invent發(fā)明本來不存在的物體，find out發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明 At last he found out the truth.113.answer, reply

answer及物動(dòng)詞，reply不及物動(dòng)詞，后接 to reply to the letter 114.leave, leave for

leave離開，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.115.rob, steal

rob搶劫 rob sb.of sth.，steal偷 steal sth.from sb.116.shoot, shoot at

shoot射死，shoot at瞄準(zhǔn)，但不一定射中 He shot the bird and it died.117.drop, fall

drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物動(dòng)詞 Prices fell/dropped.He dropped his voice.118.search, search for

search后接地點(diǎn)，search for后接?xùn)|西 He searched his pocket for money.119.used to, be used to

used to過去常常，be used to習(xí)慣于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用來，后接 do sth.He is used to getting up early.120.win, lose, beat

win后接sth.，反義詞為lose, beat后接sb.win the game, beat them 121.live on, live by

live on以…為主食，live by*…謀生 live on fish/ live by fishing 122.beat, hit, strike

beat連續(xù)性地?fù)舸颍籬it打中，對(duì)準(zhǔn)打；strike打一下或若干下 beat the wings 123.meet, meet with

meet遇到，meet with體驗(yàn)到，遭遇到 meet with an accident 124.lose, miss

lose失去（具體的物體），錯(cuò)過 sth.is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，錯(cuò)過sth.is missing, miss the chance

125.be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of厭煩…，be tired with/from因?yàn)椤哿?be tired with/from running 800 meters 126.care about, care for

care about關(guān)心，計(jì)較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for關(guān)心，照料，喜歡，愿意 He doesn't care about his clothes.I don't care for movies.127.catch a cold, have a cold

catch a cold不能和表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語連用，而have a cold可以

She has had a cold for a week.128.change for, change into

change for調(diào)換成，change into變成 Change the shirt for a bigger one.Water changes into ice.129.continue, last

二者均為持續(xù)，continue主動(dòng)，被動(dòng)均可，last只能用主動(dòng) The war continued/lasted five years.The story is to be continued.130.feed, raise

feed喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng)(to give food to)，raise飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育(cause to grow, bring up children)raise the family 131.go for a doctor, go to a doctor

go for a doctor去請醫(yī)生，go to a doctor去看病 132.notice, observe, catch sight of

notice注意到，observe觀察，仔細(xì)地看，catch sight of突然看到 observe the stars 133.insist on, stick to

insist on堅(jiān)持要求，后常接doing, stick to堅(jiān)持, 后常接sth.stick to the plan 134.look, seem, appear

look指從外表上看，seem指內(nèi)心的判斷，appear指給人以表面的印象 appear wise, look like his father 135.gather, collect

gather把分散的東西集中到一起，collect指精心地、有選擇地進(jìn)行收集 collect stamps 136.mean to do, mean doing

mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味著 By this I mean giving the students more practice.137.die from, die of

die from表示死于（槍）傷，虛弱，過度勞累，飲食過度等，die of表示死于疾病，饑餓，寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素 die of hunger and cold 138.pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for為…付錢，pay back還錢，但不一定還清，pay off還清 pay for the book, pay off the debt 139.divide, separate

divide把一個(gè)整體分成幾部分，separate把連在一起的個(gè)體分開 divide the apple, separate the houses 140.arrive, get, reach

arrive不及物動(dòng)詞，后接in(大地點(diǎn))，at(小地點(diǎn))，get不及物動(dòng)詞后接to，reach及物動(dòng)詞 arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing 141.grow, plant

grow使某種植物在某地生長著或使其發(fā)展下去，plant移植，移栽已經(jīng)長成秧苗的植物 plant the trees, trees are growing 142.manage, try

manage to do設(shè)法做成了某事，try to do盡力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.143.choose, select

choose憑個(gè)人的判斷力進(jìn)行選擇，select有目的地仔細(xì)認(rèn)真地選擇 choose the best answer 144.build, put up, set up, found

build一般用語，建成，put up臨時(shí)搭建，set up建成（內(nèi)部的設(shè)施基本齊全），found國家或組織的建成 put up a tent, set up a school 145.be familiar to, be familiar with

be familiar to某物對(duì)某人來說是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me.I'm familiar with the book.146.agree with, agree to, agree on

agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上達(dá)成一致意見，主語是復(fù)數(shù) agree with you, agree to the plan 147.throw to, throw at

throw to扔到…, throw at朝…扔 He throw a stone at me.148.receive, accept

receive收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.149.wear, put on, dress

wear和dress表狀態(tài),wear接衣服等,可用進(jìn)行時(shí)，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表動(dòng)作 It's cold outside.Put on your warm clothes.150.listen, hear

listen強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，hear強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果 I listened, but I heard nothing.151.look, see, watch

look看的動(dòng)作，see看的結(jié)果，watch強(qiáng)調(diào)所看物體的變化、移動(dòng)和發(fā)展watch TV 152.lie, lay

lie躺，位于(lay, lain),說謊(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid)lay the book 153.work as, act as

work as工作是…，act as充當(dāng)某種職務(wù)或身份，或扮演某種角色 He works as a teacher.He acts as an interpreter.154.move, remove

move動(dòng)一動(dòng)，但不一定移走，remove從一處移到另一處 remove the table to the kitchen 155.hurt, injure, wound

hurt感情上受傷，injure事故中受傷，wound戰(zhàn)爭中受傷 He was wounded in the war.156.turn, get, grow

turn表突變，后常接表顏色的詞，get強(qiáng)調(diào)變的結(jié)果，grow強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，逐漸的變化 turn yellow, get tired, grow big 157.close, shut, turn off

close和shut當(dāng)關(guān)解時(shí)可以通用，用于可開合的物體，turn off用于指有開關(guān)的物體 Close/Shut the door.Turn off the TV.158.set out, set about, set off

指出發(fā)，著手解時(shí)，set out 后接 to do，set about 后接doing, set off 后接 for sp.159.begin, start

begin側(cè)重時(shí)間的開始，反義詞為end，start側(cè)重由靜到動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)折，反義詞為stop，Class begins at 7:30a.m.160.happen, take place

happen偶然性的沒有預(yù)料到的事情的發(fā)生，take place必然性的發(fā)生 Great changes have taken place in my hometown.161.at, in(表地點(diǎn))

at小地點(diǎn)，in大地點(diǎn) arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai 162.at work, in work at work在工作，在上班，in work 有職業(yè)，有工作 Both my parents are at work.They are not at home.163.increase to, increase by

increase to增長到…，increase by增長了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.164.at ease, with ease

at ease舒適地，安逸地；with ease容易地，無困難地 do it with ease 165.day after day, day by day

day after day日復(fù)一日（無變化）；day by day一天天地（有變化）Trees grow taller day by day.166.like, as

like相似關(guān)系，但并不等同，as同一關(guān)系，兩者實(shí)為一體 Don't treat me as a child.(In fact, I'm a child.)167.after, in(表時(shí)間)

after接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，in接時(shí)間段 after 7:00, in five minutes 168.between, among

between兩者之間，三者或三者以上兩兩之間, among三者或三者以上之間

Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.169.after, behind(表位置)

after強(qiáng)調(diào)次序的先后，behind強(qiáng)調(diào)物體靜態(tài)位置的前后 There are many trees behind the house.170.since, for(完成時(shí)間狀語)

since接點(diǎn)時(shí)間或一句話，for接一段時(shí)間 for three years, since 3:00 171.on the corner, in the corner, at the corner

on the corner物體表面的角上，in the corner物體內(nèi)部的角落里，at the corner物體外部的角落上（拐角處）on the corner of the table 172.warn sb.of, warn sb.against

warn sb.of提醒某人注意某事，warn sb.against提醒某人不要做某事 warm him against swimming in that part of the river 173.at peace, in peace

at peace平靜地，in peace和平地 live in peace with one's neighbors 174.on earth, on the earth, in the earth

on earth在世上，在人間，到底，究竟，一點(diǎn)也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，in the earth在地下，在泥土里 no use on earth 175.in surprise, to one's surprise, by surprise

in surprise驚奇地，to one's surprise使某人吃驚的是，by surprise使…驚慌 The question took the professor by surprise.176.in the air, on the air, in the sky

in the air正在醞釀中，on the air播送，廣播，in the sky在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.177.in the field, on the field

in the field在野外，on the field在戰(zhàn)場上 He lost his life on the field.178.in the market, on the market

in the market表示場所或地點(diǎn)，在市場上，on the market出售 He sells fish in the market.Fresh vegetables are on the market now.179.in the sun, under the sun

in the sun在陽光下，under the sun地球上，全世界 people under the sun 180.in a voice, with one voice

in a voice出聲地，with one voice異口同聲地 They refused with one voice.181.through, across

through穿越空間，across在…上穿過 through the forest, across the desert 182.on the way, in the way

on the way在前往…的路上，in the way擋路 The chair is in the way.183.above, on, over

above在上面，不接觸，on在上面，接觸，over在正上方 fly over the hill 184.until, not…until until到…為止，not…until直到…才（常跟點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞連用）I waited until 3:00.He didn't come until 3:00.185.besides, except, except for

besides除了…還（包括在內(nèi)）except除了（不包括在內(nèi)），except for整體…除了某一點(diǎn)以外 The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.186.weather, if

當(dāng)是否解時(shí)，只有在賓語從句中二者可以互換，其余都用weather，當(dāng)如果解時(shí)用if I don't know if/whether he will come.If he comes, I'll let you know.187.and, or

and并且，or或者，否則，常用于否定句中 I don't like apples or bananas.Hurry up and you'll catch the bus.Hurry up or you'll miss the bus.188.because, since, as, for

原因由強(qiáng)到弱為：because, since/as, for.在句中的位置如下：1)…because… 2)Since/as…, … 3)…, for… Since I was ill, I didn't go.189.when, as, while(表時(shí)間)

when從句動(dòng)詞點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞均可，as重在表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，伴隨進(jìn)行，while從句動(dòng)詞為持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 While I slept, a thief broke in.190.the same…as, the same…that

the same…as和…一樣的（相似但不同一），the same…that 同一物體 This is the same pen that I used yesterday.(同一支筆)191.as well, as well as

as well也，常放于句末，和and連用表示既…又；as well as并列連詞，不但…而且… He is a professor, and a writer as well.192.such…as, such…that

such…as像…樣的，such…that如此…以至于 He is not such a fool as he looks like.He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.193.because, because of

because連詞，連接兩句話，because of介詞短語，后接詞或短語 He didn't go to school because of his illness.194.in order that, in order to

表目的，in order that后接句子，in order to后接動(dòng)詞原形 I got up early in order to catch the first bus.I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.195.for example, such as

for example一般只列舉一個(gè)，such as列舉多個(gè)例子 I have been to a lot of American cities, such as New York, Atlanta and Chicago.196.used to, would

表過去常常，和現(xiàn)在相對(duì)應(yīng)用used to，不提現(xiàn)在用would I used to get up early, but now I don't.197.All right.That's all right.That's right.All right.That's all right.當(dāng)好吧解時(shí)，可以替換；當(dāng)不客氣，沒關(guān)系解時(shí)只能用That's all right.That's right.那是對(duì)的---Sorry.---That's all right.198.such…that, so…that

當(dāng)如此…以至于解時(shí)，such…that修飾名詞，so…that修飾形容詞或副詞，但名詞前面如果有many, much, little, few修飾用so…that，不用such that

so many people that… such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy 199.so + be(have, can, do)+主語，neither(nor)+ be(have, can, do)+ 主語

也一樣，肯定用so…否定用neither(nor)---I can't play tennis.---Nor can I.200.too much 常常用來修飾名詞。too much money.much too 常常用來修飾形容詞或副詞。much too expensive.

第二篇：高中英語易混易錯(cuò)詞匯小結(jié)(二)

高中英語易混易錯(cuò)詞匯小結(jié)

（二）<李雨制作>

51.in class, in the class

in class 在課上，in the class 在班級(jí)里，如：He is the best student in the class.52.on fire, on the fire

on fire 著火，on the fire 在火上，如：Put the food on the fire.The house is on fire.53.out of question, out of the question

out of question 毫無疑問的，out of the question 不可能的。

54.a second, the second

a second 又

一、再一，the second 第??，如：He won the second prize.55.by day, by the day

by day 白天，by the day 按天計(jì)算，如：The workers are paid by the day.56.the people, a people

the people指人，a people指民族，如：The Chinese is a peace-loving people.57.it, one

it 指同一物體，one指同類不同一，如：I lost my pen.I have to buy a new one.58.that, this

that指代上文所提到的，this導(dǎo)出下文所要說的，如：I was ill.That's why?

59.none, nothing, no one

none強(qiáng)調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one強(qiáng)調(diào)有沒有，nothing指物，no one指人。---How many?/How much??

---None.60.anyone, any one

anyone指人，不能接of；any one指人、物均可，可接of，如：any one of you。

61.who, what

who指姓名或關(guān)系，what指職業(yè)或地位，如：

---What is your dad?

---He is a teacher.62.what, which

what的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無限制的，which在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇，如：Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?

63.other, another

other后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，another后接名詞單數(shù)，如：other students, another student

64.not a little, not a bit

not a little 非常，not a bit 一點(diǎn)也不，如：I’m not a bit tired.我一點(diǎn)兒也不累。

65.many, much, a lot of

many和可數(shù)名詞連用，much和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of 可數(shù)、不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句，如：I haven’t many books.66.much more?than, many more?than

much more?than后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，many more?than后接可數(shù)名詞，如：many more people, much more water, much more beautiful。

67.no, not

no=not a/any，如：no friend=not a/any friendno water=not any water。

68.no more than, not more than

no more than相當(dāng)于only，“僅僅、只有”，not more than “至多，不超過”。

69.majority, most

majority只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most修飾可數(shù)、不可數(shù)均可，如：the majority of people。

70.by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself

by oneself 單獨(dú)的、獨(dú)自的，for oneself 為自己，to oneself 供自己用的，of oneself 自行的、自動(dòng)的，如：The door opened of itself.71.at all, after all

at all 根本、全然，after all到底、畢竟，如：After all he is a child.72.tall, high

tall常指人或動(dòng)物，high常指物體，如：He is tall.73.fast, quickly

fast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快，如：run fast, answer the question quickly。

74.high, highly

high指具體的高，highly指抽象的高、高度的，如：think highly of。

75.healthy, healthful

healthy 健康的、健壯的，healthful 有益于健康的，如：healthful exercise。

76.sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping 正在睡覺，asleep 睡著、熟睡（只能做表語），sleepy困的、有睡意的，如：a sleeping baby The baby is asleep.I'm sleepy.77.gold, golden

gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金魚用gold fish。如：a gold ring。

78.most, mostly

most用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于very，當(dāng)“大部分、大多數(shù)”解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞；mostly“大部分”，是副詞，如：most people, the people are mostly?

79.just, very

just表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是副詞，作狀語；very表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是形容詞，用作定語。如：the very man, just the man。

80.wide, broad

wide側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣，如：broad shoulders。

81.real, true

real“真的、真實(shí)的”，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的；true“真的、真正的”，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合。如：real gold, a true story。

82.respectful, respectable

respectful 尊敬、有禮貌，respectable 可敬的、值得尊敬的，如：be respectful to the aged。

83.outwards, outward

二者均可用作副詞，表示“向外、外面”，outward還可用作形容詞，如：an outward voyage。

84.pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定語，pleased, pleasing常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，pleasing主語常為物，如：a pleasant trip，The trip is pleasing.85.understanding, understandable

understanding 明白事理的、能體諒的，understandable 可理解的、能夠懂的，如：an understanding girl, an understandable mistake。

86.close, closely

close接近、靠近，closely緊緊地、緊密地，如：closely connected, stand close。

87.ill, sick

ill做表語，sick做定語、表語均可，如：a sick boy。

88.good, well

good是形容詞；well是副詞，但指身體狀況時(shí)是形容詞，如：He is well again.89.quiet, silent, still

quiet指安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音；silent指不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動(dòng)；still指完全不動(dòng)，完全無聲響。如：He stand there still.他站在那兒，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也不說話。

90.hard, hardly

hard努力，hardly幾乎不，如：work hard，I can hardly believe it.91.able, capable

able與不定式to do連用，capable與of連用，如：He is capable of doing?

92.almost, nearly

二者均為“幾乎、差不多”，和否定詞連用用，如：almost nobody。

93.late, lately

late遲、晚，lately最近、近來，如：I haven't seen him lately.94.living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均為“活著的”。living做定語、表語均可；alive做定語、表語均可，定語后置；live只能做定語；lively意為活潑的，如：all the living people=all the people alive。

95.excited, exciting

excited（人）興奮的，exciting（事、物）令人興奮的，如：I'm excited.The news is exciting.96.deep, deeply

deep指具體的深，deeply指抽象的深、深深地，如：deeply moved, dig deep。

97.aloud, loud

aloud出聲地，loud大聲地，如：read aloud（出聲地讀）。

98.worth, worthy

二者均為“值得”，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done，如：It is worth visiting.= It's worthy to be visited.= It's worthy of being visited.99.bad, badly

bad為形容詞；badly為副詞，意為“不好”，但與need, want, require連用為“很、非?！?，如：go bad／I need the book badly.100.before long, long before

before long 不久以后，long before 很久以前，如：not long before = before long。

第三篇：常見易混實(shí)詞辨析整理版

常見易混實(shí)詞辨析

1．包含：包容含有。

包涵：原諒、寬恕。

2．暴發(fā)：突然猛烈的發(fā)生或以不正當(dāng)?shù)氖侄伟l(fā)財(cái)。如山洪、流行病、雪崩。

爆發(fā)：由于爆炸而突發(fā)或發(fā)生重大事變。如戰(zhàn)爭、火山、革命、大笑。3．本義：詞的本來意義，與引申義、比喻義相對(duì)。

本意：心里本來的想法、目的。

4．必須：副詞，用在動(dòng)詞之前，表示“一定要“。

必需：動(dòng)詞，“一定要有“，可做謂語，如：適當(dāng)?shù)男菹⒁脖匦?；多作定語，如：必需的素質(zhì)。5．辨證：辨析考證。如：科學(xué)家多方辨證。也是中醫(yī)術(shù)語：辨證用藥。辯證：哲學(xué)術(shù)語。如：辯證唯物主義。也同“辨證”第一義。6．不力：不盡力。如：措施不力。

不利：沒好處，不順利。如：出師不利。

7．不至（不至于）：不會(huì)達(dá)到某種程度。如：絕不至于到你說的那種程度。

不致（不致于）：不會(huì)引發(fā)某種后果。如：這點(diǎn)災(zāi)害不致影響今年的收成。8．長年：一年到頭，整年。如：這座山長年積雪。

常年：①終年、常期，如：老劉常年堅(jiān)持長跑。②平常年份，如：這塊地常年產(chǎn)量不過400斤。9．弛緩：放松、緩和，如：緊張的情緒慢慢弛緩下來。

遲緩：緩慢，與“迅速”相對(duì)。如：病人遲緩地邁著步子。10．處世：指人事交往、參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)。如：為人處事。

處事：辦事、處理事務(wù)。如：老王處事認(rèn)真，從不馬虎。

11．伺候：可用于人，不分地位高低；也可用于牲畜等。如：伺候病人。

侍候：用于對(duì)長輩或地位高者。12．次序：先后順序。

秩序：有條理、不混亂的情況。13．大事：重大或重要的事。

大勢：事情發(fā)展的趨勢。14．大義：大道理，如：深明大義。

大意：主要的或大概的意思。

15．度過：用于時(shí)間方面。如：度過了一個(gè)難忘的春節(jié)。

渡過：用于有水面的空間或難點(diǎn)、危機(jī)、困難時(shí)期。如：渡過黃河，渡過難關(guān)。

16．反映：①反射。②把客觀事物的實(shí)質(zhì)表現(xiàn)出來。③把情況或意見告訴上級(jí)或有關(guān)部門。如：居民向街道反映樓前亂停車的問題。

反應(yīng)：①受到刺激而引起的相應(yīng)活動(dòng)，如：藥物反應(yīng)。②物質(zhì)相互作用引起的變化，如：化學(xué)反應(yīng)。③事情引起的意見、態(tài)度或行為，如：群眾對(duì)這個(gè)政策反應(yīng)強(qiáng)烈。

17．妨害：使受損害。如：過量的防腐劑妨害健康。

妨礙：使不能順利進(jìn)行。如：妨礙交通。

18．分辯：辯白、解釋。如：不由分辯。

分辨：區(qū)分辨別。如：你能分辨出這兩種顏色嗎？ 19．個(gè)別：單個(gè)，極少數(shù)。如：個(gè)別現(xiàn)象。

各別：各不相同，有分別或特別。如：各別對(duì)待。20．工夫：指占用的空閑或時(shí)間。

功夫：耗費(fèi)的時(shí)間或精力，也指本領(lǐng)和武術(shù)。

（辨：表示武術(shù)用“功夫”，在時(shí)間和本領(lǐng)上兩詞通用，但“工夫”多指時(shí)間，“功夫”多指本領(lǐng)或造詣。）21．過度：形容詞，過分。

過渡：發(fā)展變化到另一個(gè)階段。

22．宏大：側(cè)重于規(guī)模大，常用于建筑物、隊(duì)伍、場面、理想。

洪大：聲音大而響亮。

23．化裝：為不被人識(shí)別或演戲而改變裝束。

化妝：為更美麗而打扮修飾。

24．校正：校對(duì)更正文字、位置上的偏差和錯(cuò)誤。

矯正：糾正生理毛病和錯(cuò)誤偏差。

25．截止：不再向前延伸，不帶時(shí)間賓語，但可以說“截止到×月×日”。

截至：暫時(shí)切斷，并未終止。一定要帶時(shí)間賓語，說成“截至×月×日”。26．精煉：提煉精華，除去雜質(zhì)，動(dòng)詞。

精練：說話作文扼要簡單，形容詞。

27．考查：①考核檢查。②考證。

考察：①實(shí)地觀察調(diào)查。②深刻觀察了解。③考驗(yàn)審察。28．里程：路程。

歷程：經(jīng)歷的過程。

29．利害：名詞，利益和損害。如：利害關(guān)系。

厲害：形容詞，兇猛、劇烈。如：車搖晃得很厲害。30．留連（流連）：舍不得離開。如：美好的景色讓人留連忘返。

留戀：動(dòng)詞，對(duì)象為祖國、故鄉(xiāng)、母校、親人、生命等。31．牟（móu）?。合抻诿?，貶義。如：牟取暴利。

謀取：對(duì)象寬泛，中性。

32．品位：名詞。①官階。②物品或文藝作品的質(zhì)量。如：這場音樂會(huì)很有品位。

品味：動(dòng)詞。①嘗味道。②仔細(xì)體會(huì)。如：品味人生。33．啟示：啟發(fā)指示。如：這一事件給我們很多啟示。

啟事：一種公告性文字。如：張貼啟事。34．情義：側(cè)重于親友同志間應(yīng)有的情感。

情誼：側(cè)重于友誼。

情意：側(cè)重于心意，有時(shí)專指愛情。

35．權(quán)利：側(cè)重于利益，與“義務(wù)”相對(duì)。如：公民的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。

權(quán)力：側(cè)重于政治上的強(qiáng)制力量。

36．實(shí)驗(yàn)：對(duì)科學(xué)理論進(jìn)行實(shí)際驗(yàn)證，如：化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)。

試驗(yàn)：對(duì)某事物的結(jié)果、性能進(jìn)行試探性觀察，如：試驗(yàn)一下，看看這個(gè)話筒能不能用。37．題材：作品的材料內(nèi)容。

體裁：作品的表現(xiàn)形式，如：他喜歡用小說體裁來寫作。38．體形：身體形狀，如：體形勻稱。

體型：身體類型，如：特殊體型。

39．停止：不再進(jìn)行。

停滯：受阻礙而不能順利發(fā)展。如：因?yàn)橘Y金問題，工程停滯了三個(gè)月。

40．無禮：如：傲慢無禮。

無理：如：無理取鬧。

41．協(xié)調(diào)：形容詞，側(cè)重步調(diào)一致，有條不紊。還可以作動(dòng)詞用。如：協(xié)調(diào)各部門的關(guān)系。

諧調(diào)：側(cè)重于比例勻稱，常用于聲音、顏色、氣氛等。

42．學(xué)力：在學(xué)問上達(dá)到的程度，如：大學(xué)同等學(xué)力者都可報(bào)考。

學(xué)歷：學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷，指持有何級(jí)學(xué)校的文憑。43．幽雅：環(huán)境幽靜雅致。如：環(huán)境幽雅。

優(yōu)雅：舉止言談?dòng)酗L(fēng)度。如：舉止優(yōu)雅。

44．以至：①表示時(shí)間數(shù)量范圍的延伸。②表示上文情況的結(jié)果。

以致：表示上文情況造成的不好的結(jié)果。45．終生：多就事業(yè)而言，如：奮斗終生。

終身：一生，一輩子（多就切身的事說），如：終身大事。

第四篇：[基礎(chǔ)詞匯] 英語四級(jí)考試常見易混淆近義詞

[基礎(chǔ)詞匯] 英語四級(jí)考試常見易混淆近義詞

1..ability n.能力,本領(lǐng),技巧~to do sth.capability n.才能,可能性,性能~ to do/of doing sth.capacity n.容量,潛能,智能~to do/for doing sth.2.able adj.能干的,有能力的~to do sth.capable adj.能勝任的,有可能的~of doing sth.competent adj.能勝任的,(知識(shí)技術(shù))過硬的~ to do/for sth.qualified adj.符合資格/條件的~for sth./in doing sth.3.absence n.缺席,不在,缺乏(證據(jù),理由)lack n.缺少,沒有(信心,經(jīng)驗(yàn))want n.需要,缺乏(知識(shí),關(guān)心)4.accept vt.接受(可拒絕)receive vt.(無法拒絕地)收到 5.accident n.意外事故,災(zāi)禍 incident n.事件,事變,(政治)事端 event n.大事,重大事件

occurrence n.偶然發(fā)生之事6.accomplish vt.完成 achieve vt.獲得(成就)attain vt.達(dá)到(目標(biāo))7.accordingly adv.(自然而平常的因果)于是,據(jù)此 consequently adv.(未必必然之)結(jié)果,因此(=as a result)hence adv.(為強(qiáng)調(diào)前因之)因而,所以,這樣(thus)therefore adv.(作為必然結(jié)果/結(jié)論)因此(because of this)8.accurate adj.(話、計(jì)算等)準(zhǔn)確,精確的 exact adj.(數(shù)字、細(xì)節(jié))與事實(shí)/標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相符的,確切的 precise adj.精確嚴(yán)密的,嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)無誤的 9.accuse v.控告(~sb.of…)charge v.控告(~sb.with…)scold v.責(zé)備(~sb.for…)sentence v.判處徒刑(~sb.for…)10.acknowledge v.公開承認(rèn)(本來否認(rèn)之事)~ a secret admit v.不情愿、被迫承認(rèn)(真實(shí)性)~ a statement confess v.認(rèn)錯(cuò),招供 ~(to);~ a crime11.adapt vt.使(有能力)適應(yīng)(新環(huán)境、條件)adjust vt.(調(diào)整以)適應(yīng),調(diào)節(jié)(機(jī)器、儀器)regulate vi.校正,調(diào)節(jié)(溫度、速度);控制

12.adequate adj.(相對(duì)于某一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的)足夠的,適當(dāng)?shù)?enough adj.(相對(duì)于愿望、要求的)足夠的

sufficient adj.(相對(duì)于實(shí)際需要的)足夠的,充分的 13.adhere vi 堅(jiān)持(原則等~ to)insist vi 堅(jiān)持(觀點(diǎn)等~ on, ~ that)persist vi 堅(jiān)持(行動(dòng)等~ in)persevere vi.持之以恒

stick vi 堅(jiān)持,粘著(原先的立場、主張、承諾等~ to)14.advise v.建議,忠告

counsel n.v.(審慎而正式)忠告,顧問 15.area n.(與面積相關(guān)的)地區(qū),區(qū)域

region n.(與某天然色、氣候相關(guān)的)地區(qū),大行政區(qū) zone n.(與地理上、軍事、政治、商業(yè)等相關(guān)的)區(qū)

district n 行政劃分的區(qū)(比region小),(市內(nèi)的)區(qū)16.affect vt.(直接,有形的;不良的,情感的)影響 influence vt.(潛移默化地)影響 impact vt.沖擊,(巨大地)影響

17.aid v.(急需的、經(jīng)濟(jì)等方面的)援助 assist v.(輔助、次要的)協(xié)助,起助手作用 help v.(精神、物質(zhì)上)幫助(以達(dá)到某種目的)18.aim n.(軍事,體育)目的,目標(biāo),明確的奮斗目標(biāo) goal n.(長期努力的)目標(biāo),終點(diǎn)

objective n.(具體、直接、很快可達(dá)到的)目標(biāo),目的 purpose n.意圖,目的

19.allow v.(不加阻止、默許)準(zhǔn)許,許可~ sb.to do, ~ for permit v.(正式而嚴(yán)肅的)允許,準(zhǔn)許~ sb.to do, ~ doing sth.20.alter v.(局部、尺寸等)改變~ a dress改制衣服 change v.(通用詞)變化,改變~ a dress換衣服 convert v.(本質(zhì)、信仰等)轉(zhuǎn)變~ sb./sth.into shift vt.變換(檔,速,位置);(并非出于自愿的)改變,更換,轉(zhuǎn)移 transfer vt.搬遷,調(diào)動(dòng);改轉(zhuǎn)(車票等)vary vi.(一定范圍內(nèi))變動(dòng),變化21.amaze v.(=surprise greatly)使愕然 astonish v.(對(duì)無法理解、解釋之事的)震驚 surprise v.使吃驚

22.answer v.回答(問題),接(電話),(對(duì)敲門等的)答應(yīng) reply v.(正式、書面的)答復(fù)~ that…, ~ to … respond vi.(口頭或行動(dòng)上的)響應(yīng),反應(yīng)~ to 23.apparatus n.(與某職業(yè)相關(guān)的)儀器、器械 appliance n.(常~s)電器 equipment n.(不可數(shù))設(shè)備,裝備 implement n.(大型)工具,(農(nóng))具,器具 instrument n.精密儀器,樂器

24.apparent adj.表面的,明顯的(←appear)distinct adj.與眾不同的,清楚的(→distinctive)evident adj.有證據(jù)表明的,顯然的(←evidence)obvious adj.顯而易見的 25.appear vi.(事物)出現(xiàn) arise v.(問題等)出現(xiàn) emerge vi.(從…冒出)~from… happen vi.發(fā)生,碰巧

occur vi.發(fā)生,想起~to do sth.take place vi.(依據(jù)安排等)進(jìn)行,發(fā)生26.appropriate adj.非常匹配的,合適的~for…

fit adj.(衣)合身的;恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e ~ to do sth./for sb.proper adj.適合(情理)的,適宜的

suitable adj.與某場合相適應(yīng)的,恰當(dāng)?shù)膥 for… 27.argue v.(引經(jīng)據(jù)典的)辯論,爭論~ for/against… debate v.(公開、正式的)論證,辯論

dispute v.n.(激烈、頻繁的)爭論,爭執(zhí),爭議 discuss v.討論

28.arise vi.(問題等)出現(xiàn) raise vt.提起,抬高,升起 rise vi.升起,上漲 lift vt.提,舉,抬起

29.artificial adj.人造的,人工的(仿效自然物)synthetic adj.合成的(通過化學(xué)成分組合)false adj.虛假的,錯(cuò)的(←true),代替真的 unnatural adj.不自然的(←natural),做作的 unreal adj.不真實(shí)的,虛構(gòu)的(←real)30.attempt v.企圖,試用~ to do sth.endeavor v.努力,盡力~ to do sth.strive v.力爭~ for…, ~ to do sth.31.attract vt.吸引,引起,使感興趣 draw vt.招引,吸住,故意引起注意 32.attract vt.吸引,引誘 charm vt.迷住,使陶醉 fascinate v.使神往,使忘情

33.average adj.(通過數(shù)字統(tǒng)計(jì)而確定的)一般的,普通的 normal adj.正常的,符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的(如體溫等)ordinary adj.普通的,平凡的 regular adj.有規(guī)律的,經(jīng)常的

34.aware adj.~ of知道,意識(shí)到→unaware不知道 conscious adj.~ of對(duì)…有意識(shí)→unconscious失去知覺的 35.awful adj.(情感上認(rèn)為環(huán)境等的)可怕的 dreadful adj.(對(duì)鬼、死、惡夢等)可怕的

fearful adj.害怕的,擔(dān)心的36.ban v.嚴(yán)令禁止,查禁 forbid v.不許,禁止(做某事)~sb.to do st.prohibit v.(正式地)(為法律,規(guī)章制度所)禁止,制止~ sb.from doing sth.37.bare adj.(表面)光禿的,赤裸的,無裝飾的 empty adj.空的(里面沒有東西)hollow adj.(中間/里面)空的,有洞的 vacant adj.無人占用的,空著的

38.base n.根基,基座an air base空軍基地 basis n.基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)on the basis of foundation n.地基,(支持某事、理論的)基礎(chǔ) 39.basic adj.根本的,基礎(chǔ)的 elementary adj.初步的,基礎(chǔ)的(知識(shí))fundamental adj.根本的,首要的 primary adj.最初的,主要的 40.beat v.擊敗;心跳

knock vi.敲 ~ at;vt.(不小心)碰到 hit v.擊中

strike v.打,敲擊41.behavior n.(有意或無意的)行為,舉止 conduct n.(人的與道德責(zé)任相關(guān)的)品行,行為,表現(xiàn) manner n.舉止,態(tài)度,禮貌 42.belief n.信仰,相信 confidence n.信心,自信 credit n.信譽(yù),(商業(yè))信用 faith n.信任,信念 trust n.信賴,信托

43.career n.事業(yè),(終生或作為事業(yè)的)職業(yè) occupation n.(訓(xùn)練有素的正式)工作,職業(yè) profession n.(經(jīng)專門教育、訓(xùn)練、專業(yè)的)職業(yè) trade n.手藝,(手工,簡單技術(shù)的)職業(yè)

44.case n.(需考慮,研究,調(diào)查,處理的)事例,實(shí)例,案例,病例 instance n.(用作佐證的)例子,例證 sample n.樣品,(代表整體的)標(biāo)本,抽樣 specimen n.(動(dòng)植物)標(biāo)本;(各自獨(dú)立的)標(biāo)本 45.caution vt.提醒(別人提高警惕,預(yù)防不測)warn.vt.告誡,警告(別人有危險(xiǎn),或威脅要懲罰)46.certain adj.肯定的,確認(rèn)的I’m ~that/It is ~that positive adj.確定的,確信的,肯定的(←negative)sure adj.一定的,有把握I’m ~(不能說: It is ~)that 47.certainly adv.當(dāng)然,無疑 surely adv.(我敢)肯定,定然會(huì)

48.chance n.(幸運(yùn)或偶然),機(jī)會(huì)by~ 偶然/意外地 occasion n.時(shí)機(jī),(某個(gè)時(shí)刻提供的)機(jī)會(huì)by~of 由于 opportunity n.(適合某人做某事的)良機(jī),機(jī)遇

49.character n.(人、物由charasteristic組成的)總特征 feature n.(部分細(xì)節(jié)之形狀、重要性)特征,臉面特征,五官 characteristic n.(突出而穩(wěn)定,區(qū)別于他人的本質(zhì))特征,特點(diǎn) property n.(物理)屬性

50.cheat v.(為私利、不誠實(shí))而欺騙,騙取;作弊 deceive v.(歪曲真相的)欺騙,誘騙

fool v.愚弄,哄騙51.chief adj.(順序、等級(jí)等)首要的,主要的,地位最高的(人)main adj.(只用于物)主要的in the ~基本上

major adj.(規(guī)模,數(shù)量等超出同類)重大的,較大的,更主要的(←minor)principal adj.(力量、權(quán)力、規(guī)模等)居于首位的,最主要的,首要(人物)52.claim v.要求(得到),索取,要回(本來屬于自己之物)demand v.(以斷然之命令)堅(jiān)決要求,需要 request v.請求,(禮貌、正式的)要求

require v.(作為條件、習(xí)慣、法令等的)要求,需要 53.comment n.評(píng)論,批評(píng)make ~s on commentary n.實(shí)況解說詞,(對(duì)文章、作品的)評(píng)語,解釋 remark n.(口頭、隨意的)評(píng)論,看法pass/make a ~ on 54.compare v.比較(相同之處)contrast v.對(duì)比(差異之處)55.compel v.強(qiáng)迫,使迫不得已~sb.to do sth.oblige v.(常用于因外因、道德、法律等而)不得不be ~d to do56.complex adj.復(fù)雜的,難理解的

complicated adj.結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)綜的,復(fù)雜難懂的

sophisticated adj.(設(shè)備)復(fù)雜而技術(shù)含量高的,復(fù)雜高深的 57.compose vt.組成be ~d of comprise vt.由…組成comprise=be comprised of consist vi.由…組成~ of 58.conceive v.構(gòu)思,想象出

fancy v.(異想天開地)想象,夢想,遐想 imagine v.隨意設(shè)想,任意相象 59.conclude v.推斷出(結(jié)論)deduce v.(演繹式)推論

infer v.(由事實(shí)證據(jù))推論,推測

60.conference n.商討會(huì),研究會(huì),記者招待會(huì) congress n.代表大會(huì),國會(huì) gathering n.聚會(huì),集會(huì)

meeting n.一般會(huì)議,碰頭會(huì)61.considerable adj.相當(dāng)(大、多)的,可觀的 considerate adj.(對(duì)他人感情、處境)考慮周到的,體貼的a ~ wife thoughtful adj.(無私)關(guān)心他人的,體貼他人的a ~ gift 62.constant adj.經(jīng)常不變的,固定的;穩(wěn)定的 continual adj.不斷的,頻繁,反復(fù)的(有間斷)continuous adj.連續(xù)的,持續(xù)的(無間斷)consistent adj.始終如一的,一致的

63.contain vt.包含,容納(某些內(nèi)容、細(xì)節(jié)→content)embrace vt.囊括,包括(所有應(yīng)包容之物)include vt.包括(要素)involve vt.(性質(zhì)的)包括,涉及

64.contemporary adj.當(dāng)代的,現(xiàn)代的(包括目前在內(nèi)的歷史時(shí)期)current adj.現(xiàn)行的,當(dāng)前的,目前的;流行的 modern adj.時(shí)髦的,現(xiàn)代的(歷史上的一個(gè)時(shí)期)65.continually adv.不斷地,老是(但有間斷)continuously adv.一直,連續(xù)不斷地 gradually adv.逐漸地

unceasingly adv.無休止地66.controversial adj.有爭議的 contradictory adj.相矛盾的,對(duì)立的 contrary adj.(觀點(diǎn),說法)opposite adj.(空間上,性質(zhì)等)相對(duì)的,對(duì)面的 67.convince vt.使信服,使相信~ sb.of persuade vt.勸說,說服~ sb.to do/into/out of 68.criminal adj.犯罪的,應(yīng)受刑法處罰的 guilty 犯有…罪的,自覺有罪的~ of 69.critical adj.緊要的,危急的 crucial adj.關(guān)鍵的,決定性的

vital adj.(與生命有關(guān)因)而極其重要的,不可缺少的 70.cure vt.治療,治愈~ sb.of sth.heal v.(使)(外傷等)痊愈

remedy vt.治療,糾正(身體/思想上的不健康)71.damage vt.損壞,毀壞(健康,財(cái)產(chǎn)等造成價(jià)值、功能的損壞)harm vt.傷害,損害(帶來痛苦等)hurt vt.使(肉體)疼痛,傷害(感情)injure vt.使受傷;毀壞(健康、成就、道德、權(quán)威等)wound vt.使受(刀、槍)傷

72.decline vt.謝絕,婉言拒絕(邀請等)~ to do sth.deny vt.拒絕給予,不給~ sb.sth.give refuse vt.拒不,拒絕~ to do sth.reject vt.拒絕接受(采納,考慮等)~ sth.73.decrease vi(程序,數(shù)量)減少,減小(←increase)diminish v.使變小,縮小,縮減,減退

lessen v.(程序)減輕(矛盾、沖擊、負(fù)擔(dān)、危險(xiǎn)、分歧等)reduce vt.降低(成本、數(shù)量、程度)74.fault n.(物)毛病,差錯(cuò);(人)過錯(cuò),(與責(zé)任相關(guān)的)過失 mistake n.錯(cuò)誤make a ~, by ~ error n.(背離標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模式的)錯(cuò)誤,過失commit an ~, in ~ 75.defend vt.(相對(duì)于敵對(duì)勢力而言的)保衛(wèi),捍衛(wèi)~ sb.against guard vt.(相對(duì)于安全而言的)保衛(wèi),守衛(wèi)~ against protect vt.(相對(duì)于傷害而言的)保衛(wèi),守衛(wèi)~ against76.despair n.絕望→沮喪,失望in ~處于絕望沮喪之中

desperation n.絕望→孤注一擲in ~孤注一擲的,不顧一切的 hopelessness n.絕望→喪失信心,失望in ~失望地 77.different adj.不同的,有差異的(民族，地方…)~ from diverse adj.截然不同的(觀點(diǎn)、興趣、發(fā)音等)~ from various adj.各種各樣的(只作定語)78.ignore vt.(故意視而不見的)忽視(問題,危險(xiǎn)等)neglect vt.(對(duì)工作、職責(zé)未予以適當(dāng)關(guān)注)而疏忽,怠慢,玩忽(健康、學(xué)習(xí)、工作等)overlook vt.(匆忙、粗心而)忽略,疏忽(錯(cuò)誤、要點(diǎn)等)79.distinguished adj.(才華等眾所公認(rèn)的)卓著,杰出 outstanding adj.(與環(huán)境、背景不同而)突出的,杰出的

prominent adj.(人、物明顯突出周圍環(huán)境而)顯而易見的,顯赫的,突出的 80.drag vt.(吃力,緩慢的)拖,拽(笨重之物)draw vt.(輕輕的)拖,拉;(從銀行)取(錢)pull vt.(朝自己方向)拖,拉;隨手取(出)81.durable adj.(對(duì)破壞性因素、損耗有抗御的)耐久的(用品、友誼)enduring adj.(承受時(shí)間,環(huán)境考驗(yàn)而)持久的,不朽的(記憶、作品)lasting adj.(能無限繼續(xù)而)長久不消的,恒久的(興趣、影響、友誼)permanent adj.(穩(wěn)定不變、非暫時(shí)的)永久性的(地址、建筑物、工作、破壞)82.duty n.(源于法律、倫理、道德而應(yīng)盡的對(duì)他人的)義務(wù),職責(zé)on/off ~ obligation n.(源于諾言、契絕、習(xí)俗等觀念壓力而必須履行)義務(wù),責(zé)任fulfil an ~ responsibility n.(源于法律、職業(yè)、道德而對(duì)后果必須承擔(dān))責(zé)任take the ~ for 83.endure vt.忍耐,忍受(長期的磨難)tolerate vt.容忍,忍受(一時(shí)無禮、分歧、不良環(huán)境等)stand vi.(勇敢地)經(jīng)受,經(jīng)得起(攻擊,考驗(yàn)等)84.enormous adj.(大小程度超越標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而)巨大的,過大的(量、尺寸、物體等)immense adj.(非一般衡量單位所能測量的)極大的,廣大的(海,天空,影響,力量等)tremendous adj.(規(guī)模、體積、程度不同尋常地)巨大的,大得驚人的(成就、速度等)85.entire adj.完整(無損)的,整個(gè)(地區(qū)、國家等)an ~ man完整的人 complete adj.(一個(gè)整體之各組成要素全部具備而)完整不缺的,全部的~ works全集

total adj.(數(shù)量全計(jì)人的)總的,全部的~ area/population hole adj.(未經(jīng)分割的)整個(gè)的,全部的(單位,國寶)~ number整數(shù)86.especial adj.(相當(dāng)突出,更為重要而)特別的(理由,價(jià)值,愛好)particular adj.特殊的,尤其的,(意義、關(guān)注)獨(dú)到的(觀點(diǎn)、描述)special adj.專門的,為某一目的、場合所特別安排的(飲食、味道、許可)specific adj.(獨(dú)一無二而)獨(dú)待的,特有的(美德、情況、個(gè)性等)87.essential adj.(為事物之本質(zhì)而)必不可少的,基本的~ to/for indispensable adj.(由于強(qiáng)烈、迫切性而)不可或缺的,必需~ for necessary adj.(因無法避免或比較迫切而)必要的,需要的 88.estimate vt.(大抵的)評(píng)估,判斷(可行性、價(jià)值、損失)assess vt.(確切的)評(píng)價(jià),估價(jià)(成份、稅收、量、形勢)evaluate vt.(對(duì)物體、價(jià)值value即非貨幣性)評(píng)價(jià),判斷(人、工作等)89.eventual adj.(因果之)最終的,最后的~ success必然成功 terminal adj.(系列或周期的)終點(diǎn)的a ~ disease晚期病癥 ultimate adj.終極的,極限的~ success最終成功

90.eventually adv.(由必然原因而導(dǎo)致的)最終(死亡,成功,退休等)finally adv.(序列之)最后(←first, second…)at last adv.(期待已久而)終于(發(fā)生了)in the end adv.(過去或?qū)頃r(shí)間上)最后,最終91.excuse vt.(對(duì)疏忽、失職行為的)原諒~ sb.for;~ sb.from免除

forgive vt.(對(duì)罪惡,侮辱行為的內(nèi)心深處的)寬恕~ lie/injures/insult pardon vt.(法律等正式場合對(duì)過錯(cuò)責(zé)任的)赦免,寬恕~ a criminal/fault 92.exhausted adj.精疲力盡的completes/affords ~ tired adj.疲倦的awfully/dead ~ tiresome adj.令人厭倦的,討厭的

93.extend v.(空間的)延伸,擴(kuò)展~ one’s body伸展身子

stretch v.(由曲而直的)伸展,拉長~ oneself伸懶腰;(寬度上的)伸展 lengthen v.(時(shí)間、線向的)拉長,延伸,加長~ a coat spread v.(四面八方)展開,鋪開;擴(kuò)散;蔓延~ a rumor/a blankeet 94.fairly adv.還算,相當(dāng)~ good pretty adv.相當(dāng),非常~ soon/well/certain rather adv.相當(dāng),頗~ too… 95.favorable adj.對(duì)…有利的

favorite adj.為…所最喜歡的96.firm adj.堅(jiān)實(shí)的,牢固的,堅(jiān)定的(←loose,肌肉、信仰、目光、支持)stable adj.穩(wěn)定的,穩(wěn)固的(政府,工作,性格)steady adj.穩(wěn)固而不可動(dòng)搖,持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的(←shaky, changeable,溫度、速度、收入進(jìn)步等)

97.forecast vt.(依據(jù)計(jì)算、統(tǒng)計(jì)而作的)預(yù)測,預(yù)報(bào)(天氣,選舉,結(jié)果)foretell vt.(對(duì)未來憑感覺而作)預(yù)言;預(yù)示(死亡、將來)predict vt.(有一定科學(xué)依據(jù)的)預(yù)言,預(yù)測(地震、收成)98.grasp vt.(緊緊)抓住;掌握,領(lǐng)會(huì) grab vt.(匆忙,粗魯?shù)?抓過,一把抓過 seize vt.(突然)抓住(使不能逃脫),占領(lǐng),奪取 snatch vt.(迅速/出其不意地)抓取,搶奪

99.hardly adv.(能力等)幾乎難以,幾乎沒/不can ~/~ ever barely adv.勉強(qiáng),剛剛,差一點(diǎn)~ escaped scarcely adv(數(shù)量等)僅僅,幾乎不/沒~ any nearly adv.(肯定含義)幾乎,差不多~ always/finished merely adv.僅僅,只是 100.insignificant adj.(意義)不重要的,微不足慮的~ differences tiny adj.(數(shù)量、尺寸)非常小的a ~ baby/~ fraction of sum minor adj.(相比之下而)不太重要的,比較輕的/小的of ~ importance minute adj.極小的,細(xì)微的,入微的(檢查)trivial adj.(事情)小的,價(jià)值小的,雞毛蒜皮的a ~ problem/sum106.question n.(與“?”相關(guān)的)問題,疑問answer a ~ problem n.(與麻煩相關(guān)的)問題,麻煩事slove a ~ issue n.(某時(shí)、某地為許多人關(guān)注的)熱點(diǎn)問題,爭議

mater n.(供討論,考慮的)一般問題;(在what’s the ~ with中)麻煩,毛病 101.material n.(素)材,材料raw/building/fabric matter n.(與精神相對(duì)具體或抽象的)物質(zhì)living/historical ~ substance n.(具有某物理、化學(xué)特征的)物質(zhì),東西chemical/solid ~ stuff n.(口語)(各種)原料,素材,料子,物品,食品,貨色,東西 102.maybe adv.(用于委婉建議)也許,不妨(←may+be)possibly adv.客觀上有可能地not ~無論如何不可能 perhaps adv.(建議,要求,命令;較正式)也許,大概 probably adv.理論上可能地,很可能 likely adj.adv.(從表面看來)似乎可能的

103.pressure n.(源于外界的彈制性)壓力;(作用于物體表面的)壓力exert/use ~ strain n.(非常強(qiáng)大而導(dǎo)致精神緊張的)壓力,緊張;(導(dǎo)致物體變形的)張力,拉力bear/suffer ~ tension n.(源于關(guān)系不和的)緊張(狀態(tài))create/feel/reduce ~ 104.odd adj.反常、離奇的,古怪的(習(xí)俗、感受、地方)peculiar adj.罕見的,奇異的,獨(dú)特的(興趣、禮節(jié)、情趣)strange adj.奇怪的,陌生的 105.precious adj.(無法用金錢衡量價(jià)值的)寶貴的,珍貴的(時(shí)間,記憶,知識(shí),品質(zhì))valuable adj.(用途,作用,有豐厚利潤回報(bào)而)有價(jià)值的,貴重的(發(fā)現(xiàn),信息,建議,經(jīng)驗(yàn))107.rare adj.稀少(得可貴),珍奇 scarce adj.(原來充裕之物變得)稀少,缺乏

108.rational adj.(與邏輯思維相關(guān)的)合乎情理的,理性的~ behavior/being reasonable adj.(源于正當(dāng)理由的)合理的,有理由的~ price/question/demand sensible adj.明智,明斷的,切實(shí)可行而合理的

109.replace v.取代,替代,代替~ B with/by A以A代B substitute v.以…替代,代替~ A for B→A is ~d for B以A代B 110.rescue vt.(以迅速、果敢之緊急行為而)搶救,營救 save vt.(以各種方式在任何場合的)救,挽救~ one’s face 111.reserve n.保留,預(yù)訂,保存(以留作后用)retain n.繼續(xù)保存,保留,留下(免于損失)112.rigid adj.(不可彎折之)剛硬僵直的,固執(zhí)(已見)的 stiff adj.(不易彎曲之)剛直的,拘謹(jǐn)而固執(zhí)呆板的;(肌肉)僵直的

第五篇：常見醫(yī)學(xué)詞匯小結(jié)

diarrhea [,dai?'ri?] allergic [?'l?:d?ik] allergy ['?l?d?i]

n.腹瀉，痢疾

adj.對(duì)…過敏的；對(duì)…極討厭的 n.過敏癥；反感；厭惡

kidney stonen.腎結(jié)石

cervical spondylosis['s?:vik?l [,sp?ndi'l?usis] herniated disk椎間盤突出

insomnia [in's?mni?] astriction

n.失眠癥，失眠

頸椎病

n.便秘；限制；束縛

n.[耳鼻喉] 鼻炎 rhinitis [rai'naitis] allergic rhinitis 過敏性鼻炎

atrophic rhinitis 萎縮性鼻炎

n.[耳鼻喉]鼻炎 nasitis, coryza

lovesickness ['l?v,siknis] tonsil ['t?nsil]

n.相思病

n.[解剖] 扁桃體

n.[皮膚] 白化??；皮膚變白癥 n.沖擊；震蕩；腦震蕩 albinism ['?lbiniz?m]

concussion [k?n'k???n] cerebral concussion 腦震蕩

brain concussion n.腦震蕩

n.沖擊；[醫(yī)]震蕩；腦震蕩 brunt, impingement smallpox ['sm?:lp?ks] n.[內(nèi)科] 天花

smallpox vaccine 天花疫苗；牛痘苗；天花菌苗

smallpox virus 天花病毒

n.[內(nèi)科]天花 variola

dysentery ['dis?nt?ri]

n.痢疾

bacillary dysentery 菌痢，桿菌痢疾

amebic dysentery 阿米巴痢疾

n.[內(nèi)科]痢疾 diarrhea

hepatitis B [,hep?'taitis] n.乙肝 malaria [m?'lε?ri?]

n.[內(nèi)科] 瘧疾；瘴氣

falciparum malaria [醫(yī)]惡性瘧；熱帶瘧

n.[內(nèi)科]瘧疾；瘴氣 paludism, agrue

rabies ['reibi:z] n.[狂犬病

n.瘟疫（尤指鼠疫）；有害的事物 pestilence ['pestil?ns] n.[醫(yī)]瘟疫（尤指鼠疫）；有害的事物 plague, murrain

aphasia [?'feizj?]

n.失語癥（形容詞aphasic）

n.[內(nèi)科]失語癥（形容詞aphasic）alogia, aphemia human vegetable植物人

nyctalopia [,nikt?'l?upi?] n.[眼科]夜盲；夜盲癥 night blindness, hemeralopia

achromatopsia [?,kr?um?'t?psi?] n.[眼科]全色盲 monochromasia

n.[臨床]便秘；限制；束縛

limitation, qualification, restriction, chain, constipation

n.[內(nèi)科]失眠癥，失眠 sleeplessness, agrypnia

n.腎結(jié)石

renal calculus, nephrolith

n.[眼科] 全色盲

n.夜盲；[眼科] 夜盲癥