第一篇：大清真寺導(dǎo)游詞（推薦）

大清真寺導(dǎo)游詞

親愛的游客朋友們，大家好！我們今天參觀位于西安城內(nèi)鼓樓西側(cè)的化覺巷內(nèi)的清真大寺。我是你們本次旅游的導(dǎo)游，我姓胡，也可以叫我胡導(dǎo)。如果在旅游中遇到了問(wèn)題，大家可以向我提出，我會(huì)盡全力幫助大家。祝大家旅游愉快！為了讓大家對(duì)大清真寺有一個(gè)深刻的了解，我先給大家介紹一下。

化覺巷清真大寺位于西安城內(nèi)鼓樓西側(cè)的化覺巷內(nèi)，因規(guī)模比西安其他清真寺大而得名?；X巷清真大寺，是我國(guó)建筑雄偉、環(huán)境清幽、規(guī)模宏大、保存最完整并馳名世界的伊斯蘭寺院之一，屬于國(guó)家級(jí)文物保護(hù)單位。

提起清真寺，我們得先談?wù)勔了固m教是何時(shí)興起何時(shí)傳人中國(guó)的，回族是何時(shí)形成的。

伊斯蘭教是世界性的宗教之一，與佛教、基督教并稱為世界三大宗教。伊斯蘭教系阿拉伯語(yǔ)音譯，意思是 “順從”、“和平”，指順從和信仰宇宙獨(dú)一的最高主宰安拉及其意志，以求得來(lái)世的和平與安寧。信奉伊斯蘭教的人統(tǒng)稱為“穆斯林”，意為“順從者”。伊斯蘭教于公元7世紀(jì)初興起于阿拉伯半島，由麥加人穆罕默德(約570-632年)所創(chuàng)造，主要傳播于亞洲、非洲，以西亞、北非、中亞、南亞次大陸和東南亞最為盛行。20世紀(jì)以來(lái)，在西歐、北美和南美一些地區(qū)也有不同程度的傳播和發(fā)展。

7世紀(jì)中葉，伊斯蘭教通過(guò)海、陸“絲綢之路”傳入中國(guó)。據(jù)《舊唐書·西域傳》等史籍記載，公元651年，大食帝國(guó)第三任哈利法奧斯曼(644-656年在位)首次遣使來(lái)華。中、阿兩國(guó)正式締交后，大食使節(jié)和 “貢史”不斷來(lái)中國(guó)訪問(wèn)。8世紀(jì)初，阿拉伯帝國(guó)勢(shì)力東伸，阿拉伯、波斯等地的各族穆斯林商人、傳教士通過(guò)海上香料之路或陸上“絲綢之路”來(lái)到中國(guó)。他們來(lái)華后，有的集中在中國(guó)東南沿海的廣州、泉州、揚(yáng)州、杭州，有的集中在內(nèi)地的長(zhǎng)安、開封等地，從事香料、象牙、珠寶、藥材和犀角等物品的販賣，并帶回中國(guó)的絲綢、茶葉、瓷器和其他商品。由于當(dāng)時(shí)的阿拉伯人、波斯人以經(jīng)商為主，中國(guó)人稱他們?yōu)椤胺汀?、“番商”、“胡商”等。他們中有很多人在中?guó)定居下來(lái)并和漢族婦女結(jié)了婚，成為回族早期的先民。

唐代 “安史之亂”時(shí)，大食王曾派3000(也有說(shuō)4000)回兵助唐平亂，事后唐王將這批士兵賜居長(zhǎng)安，為他們修建清真寺，準(zhǔn)許娶中國(guó)婦女婚配。他們謹(jǐn)守伊斯蘭教義和禮俗，子孫繁衍，世代相傳，成為今日回民族的又一支先民。而大批穆斯林移居中國(guó)則在13世紀(jì)初。元代是回族人不斷融合其他種族、壯大自已的時(shí)代，也是回族共同體主體形成的時(shí)代。經(jīng)過(guò)千余年的發(fā)展，伊斯蘭教在我國(guó)內(nèi)地回、東鄉(xiāng)、撒拉、保安和邊疆維吾爾、哈薩克、烏茲別克、柯爾克孜、塔吉克、塔塔爾10個(gè)民族中，已擁有2000萬(wàn)穆斯林，而且在其他兄弟民族中如蒙古族、藏族、白族、漢族中，也有數(shù)量不等的穆斯林，現(xiàn)在西安約有7萬(wàn)穆斯林。

現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)大家隨我進(jìn)入化覺巷清真大寺參觀。

據(jù)寺內(nèi)現(xiàn)存石碑記載，化覺巷清真大寺建于公元742年，距今已有1200多年的歷史。經(jīng)宋、元，特別是明、清幾次重修和擴(kuò)建，逐步形成規(guī)模宏大，樓、臺(tái)、亭、殿布局緊湊和諧，莊嚴(yán)肅穆的建筑群。

全寺沿東西軸線分為五個(gè)進(jìn)院，占地1.3萬(wàn)平方米，建筑面積 5000多平方米。前院緊鄰照壁的木牌樓，建于17世紀(jì)初，距今己有380余年，高約9米，琉璃瓦頂，挑角飛檐，雕梁畫棟，與高大的照壁相映襯，極為壯觀。南北兩邊的展室，亦為仿古建筑，剔透玲瓏，古香古色。南展室陳列有一些明清紅木家具等，尤其是緊靠展室背墻陳列有一件清三代皇宮使用的紅木雕刻五爪龍床，極其珍貴。在左廂房緊靠背墻擺放有一對(duì)西洋沙發(fā)，該對(duì)沙發(fā)是外國(guó)人送給慈禧太后的。在北展室收藏有宋、明書法家的拓片等。

進(jìn)入懸掛有 “清真寺”匾額的五間樓便來(lái)到第一進(jìn)院。在五間樓迎面一字排開擺放有4件圓形的器物?？赡苡行┡笥褧?huì)問(wèn)，它們是干什么用的?你們可以猜猜。猜不著?這不奇怪，《正大綜藝》有一期節(jié)目就是讓觀眾猜清真大寺這4件圓形器物的用途。結(jié)果沒人能猜對(duì)。好了，現(xiàn)在讓我來(lái)告訴大家它們的用途:這4件圓形的器物是燈架，在燈架上沿順時(shí)針?lè)较虿逵袃扇?0余個(gè)燈座。這些燈架在化覺巷清真寺的使用有相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的歷史，它主要用來(lái)慶祝 “蓋得爾夜”。

蓋得爾夜是伊斯蘭教對(duì)《古蘭經(jīng)》“始將之夜”的敬稱?！吧w得爾”是阿拉伯語(yǔ)的音譯，亦譯 “大赦之夜”，又稱“平安之意”，意為 “前定”、“高貴”?！吧w得爾夜”是指伊斯蘭教歷的九月二十七(一說(shuō)二十五或二十九)日之夜。相傳這夜，真主安拉將世間過(guò)去的、現(xiàn)在的、未來(lái)的一切事物都大體安排好了，所以穆斯林稱這一夜為 “前定之夜”。這一夜，安拉通過(guò)枷百利天使開始向穆罕默德圣人頒降《古蘭經(jīng)》，眾天使和精靈都奉命降臨人間。在這個(gè)夜里，做一件善功可獲取千月善功的報(bào)償，所以穆斯林稱這一夜為 “高貴之夜”?！豆盘m經(jīng)》第九十七章即以“蓋得爾”命名，認(rèn)為是高貴的夜間，勝過(guò)平時(shí)一千個(gè)月。所以全世界的穆斯林每逢此珍貴之夜，都要依各個(gè)民族的方式舉行慶?；顒?dòng)。這一夜，在穆斯林集中的地方還要張燈結(jié)彩，以示慶祝。

西安的穆斯林在紀(jì)念日這一天，白天人們要在這些燈座上插上這些菜油燈盞子，然后再添上菜油，等到晚上將油燈點(diǎn)亮，直至通宵。本寺燈架除了在“蓋得爾夜”使用之外，在這些燈架陽(yáng)面，還刻了四個(gè)漢字：“祈求和平”，長(zhǎng)年擺放在五間樓對(duì)面。

好了，現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)隨我進(jìn)入二進(jìn)院。

大家可以看到，二進(jìn)院內(nèi)樹木成陰，花圃對(duì)稱排列，石刻牌坊矗立其間。這個(gè)石刻牌坊為三間四柱式，中楣鐫刻“天監(jiān)在茲”4個(gè)大字，這 4個(gè)字出自《詩(shī)經(jīng)》。分別在 《大雅·大明》和《周頌·敬之》二詩(shī)中。《大明》里有 “天監(jiān)在此，有命既集”的詩(shī)句，而《敬之》里有 “涉降撅士，日監(jiān)在茲”的詩(shī)句。“茲”和 “此”這兩個(gè)字以前通用，意思是 “此地”。題額人將兩詩(shī)中的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，化成一句話，意思是上天正在監(jiān)視著我們?cè)诖藭r(shí)此地的行動(dòng)。

兩側(cè)坊棉分別鐫刻“欽翼昭事”和“虛誠(chéng)省禮”，東西有踏道，約建于明代。石牌坊西踏道南北兩側(cè)各豎立沖天雕龍碑兩座，一座為明萬(wàn)歷年間立的《敕賜重修清真寺碑》，文為馮從吾所撰，碑陰鐫刻宋代大書法家米芾(回族)手書“道法參天地”；一座為１７６８年立的《敕修清真寺碑》，碑陰鐫刻1621～1627年間禮部侍郎、大書法家董其昌手書 “敕賜禮拜寺”。均為我國(guó)書法珍品。

現(xiàn)在我們到第三進(jìn)院參觀。這個(gè)殿叫敕修殿，在1522-1566年間重修時(shí)系當(dāng)時(shí)寺院的正門，是這座寺院歷史上最早的一座殿；殿內(nèi)藏有兩通石碑。大家看，這通碑叫《長(zhǎng)安禮拜無(wú)相記碑》，1455年刻。這通碑叫《月碑》，是1732年寺院教長(zhǎng)小西寧用阿拉伯文撰寫的?！对卤罚阅潞蹦隆妒ビ?xùn)》為理論原則，推出并規(guī)定了確定封齋、開齋日期的若干準(zhǔn)則。立此碑以方便回民群眾計(jì)算齋月日期。

這里是第三進(jìn)院，院中央建有一座三層八角形的中國(guó)式宣禮樓，又名省心樓，巍然挺立，極為壯觀。該樓是“穆安津”(宣禮員)召喚穆斯林來(lái)寺禮拜的最高點(diǎn)。宣禮樓兩側(cè)各有廂房10余間，南側(cè)正中5間叫南宮殿，上面寫有一副對(duì)聯(lián)：“難解網(wǎng)蛛，兵銷呼鴿;信傳戰(zhàn)馬，約復(fù)放獐?！边@副對(duì)聯(lián)是敘述穆罕默德圣人的故事?！半y解網(wǎng)蛛”是說(shuō)穆罕默德圣人遭敵人追殺，逃到騷爾洞避難，蜘蛛隨即在洞口結(jié)起網(wǎng)。后來(lái)敵兵追到，見到洞口有蜘蛛網(wǎng)，認(rèn)為無(wú)人在洞內(nèi)?！氨N呼鴿”的意思是:此時(shí)有人懷疑洞內(nèi)有人，就把石頭往洞里投。這時(shí)兩只斑鳩從洞里飛出來(lái)，于是敵人相信洞內(nèi)不會(huì)有人?！凹s復(fù)放獐”的意思是：以前一個(gè)外道人獵得一頭活獐，他對(duì)圣人說(shuō)：“你如果能使獐說(shuō)人話，我就做你的信徒?！笔ト税砚械矫媲皢?wèn)道：“你怎么落到獵人的手里了”，獐流著淚央求說(shuō)：“ 請(qǐng)圣人作保，讓他們放我。等我給小獐吃了乳我一定回來(lái)?！笔ト舜饝?yīng)擔(dān)保它。外道人說(shuō)：“獐是畜類，去了一定不會(huì)回來(lái)?！焙髞?lái)獐按時(shí)回來(lái)。南宮殿內(nèi)迎面陳列一張魚骨鑲嵌床，在床的靠背正中鑲嵌著一只貝雕雄鷹，神采奕奕，佇立在巖石之上，所以又名“英雄獨(dú)立床”。大家看，床的上方懸掛有4幅木板書法作品，分別由宋朝大書法家黃庭堅(jiān)、蘇東坡、米芾(回族)和著名愛國(guó)將領(lǐng)岳飛書寫。該作品是木板竹字，即用竹皮刻成漢字，再將字一個(gè)個(gè)粘貼在木板上。這樣不容易被人拓片復(fù)制。樓北側(cè)是講經(jīng)堂，里邊珍藏有一幅清代的《麥加圖》和一套《古蘭經(jīng)》手抄本及其他一些珍貴字畫、瓷花瓶等。

我們現(xiàn)在去第四進(jìn)院。

這個(gè)院中心的亭子叫“一真亭”，又名 “風(fēng)凰亭”，中央主亭呈六角形，飛檐尖頂，形若鳳頭，兩側(cè)亭子為三角形，左右翹翼，三亭相連，貌似鳳凰展翅，造型特異，獨(dú)具風(fēng)格。亭東瞻下懸有“一真”雕龍小立匣，系1399年兵部尚書鐵鉉(回族)手書。亭西還掛有田中玉所書“包羅宇宙”匣一面。亭南北兩側(cè)各有面闊7間的廂房，原為接待朝廷宣諭皇帝圣旨的文武官員所建，故名官殿。南廳迎面有副對(duì)聯(lián):熟羊告毒，烹鯉言機(jī)；巨蟒道安，羸駝轉(zhuǎn)健?，F(xiàn)在讓我們來(lái)看這副對(duì)聯(lián)的意思?！笆煅蚋娑尽笔且粋€(gè)典故，出自《天方至圣實(shí)錄》，說(shuō)的是，昔日圣人與外道人交戰(zhàn)，走在路上，饑餓難忍，一人以熟羊獻(xiàn)給圣人，羊就說(shuō)道：“我的肉有毒，不能吃!”試了試，果然如此?！芭膈幯詸C(jī)”一事見穆罕默德登霄的傳說(shuō)。有一次，穆圣登霄返宮的第二天早上，到禮拜寺里禮拜，禮拜完了后，他對(duì)眾人講述登天宮的事，其中一個(gè)叫誅獲歹的人懷疑，認(rèn)為不可相信，自言自語(yǔ)：“哪有在片刻之間游歷幾層天空，經(jīng)歷無(wú)窮路途，見了無(wú)數(shù)恩典的人呢？”于是他返身回家，在集市上買了一條鯉魚，叫妻子烹調(diào)。自己則挑著桶到河邊汲水。到河邊后，他脫下衣服洗澡。洗完登岸才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已經(jīng)變?yōu)榕?。再去找衣服，衣服已?jīng)無(wú)影無(wú)蹤，他又羞又悔只得躲到樹叢中藏身。不久走來(lái)一位男子，心中可憐這位藏身樹林的女子就把她(他)帶回家，二人結(jié)為夫妻，七年中生下兩個(gè)孩子她(他)時(shí)時(shí)想起當(dāng)年的情景，既感嘆又驚訝。于是又回到河邊，只見衣服、水桶仍放在原地，她(他)的身體又變成男子。他急忙換了衣服，挑水回家。回家后，買來(lái)的那條魚還沒有烹熟。他因而醒悟穆罕默德說(shuō)的事是真的，登天宮的經(jīng)歷并非虛構(gòu)。他又重返身回到禮拜手中，穆罕默德看見他說(shuō)：“你過(guò)來(lái)，把你的經(jīng)歷講給大家聽聽?！庇谑撬炎约合潞酉丛枳兂蓩D人、七年中生下兩個(gè)孩子、回家后魚還沒熟等一系列經(jīng)歷講述一遍，并表示從此仟悔，永遠(yuǎn)做一個(gè)順從真主的人。

北廳為文物展覽室，藏有唐天寶元年《創(chuàng)建清真寺碑》。此外還有兩件文物最為有名，一件為“日晷”，是古代用來(lái)觀測(cè)日影推算時(shí)間的，但這里的日晷與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的日晷不同，它有自己獨(dú)特的原理、構(gòu)造和性能。目前全國(guó)只有4件日晷，故頗有研究?jī)r(jià)值。另一件為“試官石”，該石面縫間釘了不少舊式鐵釘，全入者，釘蓋緊貼石面，半入者，距釘蓋部分彎曲不入。倒于石面，一說(shuō)舉人釘之能預(yù)卜是否考取，新進(jìn)士釘之能預(yù)卜是否速得美官，一說(shuō)官吏釘之，以證明是清官還是污吏。

鳳凰亭西面有海棠形魚池兩個(gè)，池深約2米。池底筑盆疊石成峰，高約4米，泉頂泉水四濺，池側(cè)各有碑亭一座，造型正方，周圍柱間置木欄桿，亭內(nèi)各豎石碑兩座，北邊有一座是記載1392年敕建該寺的經(jīng)過(guò)。元末，大批回回將領(lǐng)建立了殊勛，成為明王朝的開國(guó)功臣。著名的有常遇春、郭英、馮勝、藍(lán)玉等。因此，明太祖朱元障對(duì)穆斯林采取懷柔政策，對(duì)伊斯蘭教持寬容態(tài)度。他稱帝后，于1392年下諭敕建南京三山街及西安子午巷(現(xiàn)化覺巷)清真寺，并御制至圣《百字贊》賜清真寺?！栋僮仲潯贩Q頌伊斯蘭教是“仁覆天下，道冠古今”，同時(shí)也贊安拉，贊至圣穆罕默德?！栋僮仲潯烦谀暇﹥粲X寺、西安化覺寺、杭州等地存有石刻外，在全國(guó)穆斯林中廣為流傳

兩海棠池間有通道，面向月臺(tái)，石制欄桿自進(jìn)入四進(jìn)院的連三門后，從門內(nèi)的踏道起，經(jīng)鳳凰亭、越魚池、登月臺(tái)，圍繞大殿前后一周，設(shè)石門八座缺口(無(wú)石門)兩處，故稱十門二空亮月臺(tái)，是目前西安伊斯蘭教寺院少有的石件。

月臺(tái)石門三座各有踏道，拾級(jí)而上，月臺(tái)東北角有一凹凸不平、色彩不一的石件，叫“白鼠石”，因其自然形狀而得名。欣賞此石的最佳效果要選在下雨天，當(dāng)你站在距此石有一段距離從遠(yuǎn)處觀看，雨淋到石頭上，因?yàn)橛甑穆洳钤斐梢曈X上的一種錯(cuò)覺，朦朦朧朧，隱隱約約，似乎有一群白老鼠在跑動(dòng)，形神兼?zhèn)洌媸乔蓨Z天工。

月臺(tái)西端即面闊7間進(jìn)深9間(通稱明7暗9)、面積1300平方米、可容納千人同時(shí)做禮拜的大殿，是寺里最大的建筑物；殿內(nèi)天棚藻井彩畫６００余幅，構(gòu)圖著色基本一致，但細(xì)部各異，為伊斯蘭教寺院彩畫之獨(dú)特手法。大殿四周鑲嵌有30幅約4米高的大型木版雕刻《古蘭經(jīng)》。上面為阿拉伯文，下面為漢文，受到了中外穆斯林的好評(píng)。大殿西墻有一 “凹壁”，是穆斯林朝拜的方向。殿內(nèi)北側(cè)有一間小閣樓，名 “呼圖白樓”，是領(lǐng)拜者誦“祈禱詞”的地方。殿內(nèi)高懸三塊匣，一塊為“臨下有赫”，這四個(gè)字是《詩(shī)經(jīng)·大雅，皇矣》開頭一章的句子，連同上下各句，原為“皇矣上帝，臨下有赫。監(jiān)視四方，求民之莫?！边@四句的大意是:偉大喲天帝，觀察下面很是分明，監(jiān)視著四面八方，以求得人民的安寧。

好了游客朋友們，由于時(shí)間關(guān)系，咱們今天大清真寺的講解就到此結(jié)束，大家可以自行的參觀，半小時(shí)后我們門口集合，請(qǐng)注意安全，謝謝大家！

第二篇：西安大清真寺英文導(dǎo)游詞

????the great mosque at huajue lane ????the mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 moslems in xi?ˉan, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the provincial people?ˉs government.unlike the arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the mosque here in xi?ˉan possesses much chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook;besides the style peculiar to islamic mosques, this mosque also holds characteristics of chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.????however, any further discussion about the mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of islam into china is brought up.????islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century a.d.and was introduced to china in the mid-600s.at that time, arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of china by way of persia and afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with china.in the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through bangladesh bay and the malacca strait to china?ˉs guangzhou, quanzhou, huangzhou, yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became moslems.????however, massive immigration of the moslems to china did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when genghis khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from central asia to eastern europe, including the north of iran.many of the moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in china.????among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the hui people in the history books on the yuan dynasty.the hui people later followed kublai khan down to the south, helping him unifying china and then establish the yuan dynasty.in the wake of the conquest, islam spread all over china and mosques began to appear everywhere.in the yuan dynasty, many moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country.and a lot of the moslems took part in zhu yuanzhang?ˉs uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the ming dynasty.therefore, all the emperors of the dynasty issued mandates to protect islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the moslems for their feats.in the early 16th century, islam predominated qinghai on the minority nationalities including the huis, the uygurs, the kazaks, the kirgizes, the tajiks, the tartars, the ozbeks, the dong xiangs, the salars and the bonans.the moslems in xi?ˉan are mainly the huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in china.1 2 3

第三篇：陜西西安大清真寺英文導(dǎo)游詞

TheGreatMosqueatHuajueLane

TheMosqueisamajorspotforreligiousactivitiesofover60.000MoslemsinXi’an,likewise,animportantculturalrelicprotectedbytheprovincialpeople’sGovernment.UnliketheArabicmosques,withsplendiddomes,theminaretsreachingintotheclouds,thecoulourfulengravedsketcheswithdazzlingpatterns,theMosquehereinXi’anpossessesmuchChinesetraditionaltouchinbothitsdesignandartisticoutlook;besidesthestylepeculiartoIslamicmosques,thisMosquealsoholdscharacteristicsofChinesepavilionswithpaintedbeamsandengravedridgepoles.However,anyfurtherdiscussionabouttheMosquewillbefutileunlessanythingoftheintroductionofIslamintoChinaisbroughtup.Islamasareligiousorderwasfoundedintheearlyperiodofthe7thcenturyA.D.andwasintroducedtoChinainthemid-600s.Atthattime,ArabianmerchantsandtravelerscametothenorthwestofChinabywayofpersiaandAfghanistanandthusestablisheddiplomatic,trade,andmilitarycontactswithChina.Inthemeantime,anotherroutesawabatchofseavoyagersthroughBangladeshBayandtheMalaccaStraittoChina’sGuangzhou,Quanzhou,Huangzhou,YangzhouandothercitieswheremanyofthemsettleddownandmarriedthelocalwomenwholatergavebirthtobabieswhothenbecameMoslems.However,massiveimmigrationoftheMoslemstoChinadidnottakeplaceuntilaslateastheearlyperiodofthe13thcentury,whenGenghisKhan,asaresultofhisexpeditionagainstthewest,hadconqueredvastexpansesoflandstretchingfromCentralAsiatoEasternEurope,includingthenorthofIran.ManyoftheMoslemsintheconqueredareaswerethusforcedtoenlistandlatersettledinChina.Amongtheenlistedmanyweresoldiers,andsomeweresmithsandofficialswhowerecalledtheHuipeopleinthehistorybooksontheYuandynasty.TheHuipeoplelaterfollowedKublaiKhandowntothesouth,helpinghimunifyingChinaandthenestablishtheYuandynasty.Inthewakeoftheconquest,IslamspreadalloverChinaandmosquesbegantoappeareverywhere.IntheYuandynasty,manyMoslemsheldpositionsbothinthemilitaryandcivilianorgansofthecountry.AndalotoftheMoslemstookpartinZhuYuanzhang’suprisingintheearly14thcenturyandmadegreatcontributionstothefoundingoftheMingDynasty.Therefore,alltheemperorsoftheDynastyissuedmandatestoprotectIslam,andtosetupmosquesinpraiseoftheMoslemsfortheirfeats.Intheearly16thcentury,IslampredominatedQinghaiontheminoritynationalitiesincludingtheHuis,theUygurs,theKazaks,theKirgizes,theTajiks,theTartars,theOzbeks,theDongXiangs,theSalarsandtheBonans.TheMoslemsinXi’anaremainlytheHuis,beingasmallportionoutofthetenmillioninChina.TheMosqueatHuaJueLaneisthelargestinXi’an,andatthesametime,itisalsooneoftheearliestbuiltonacomparativelylargescale,andwellpreservedmosquesinChina.Accordingto“theSteleontheBuildingoftheMosque”,themosqueissaidtobebuiltintheTangDynasty.However,thearchitecturalstyleofthemosquesuggestsapossiblebuildingdatingbacktotheMingDynasty.Thefourcourtyardsofthemosquecoveranareaofmorethan12,000squaremeters,outofwhichabout4,000areoccupiedbyvariousstructures.Thestillintactwoodenfrontmemorialgatewayofthefrontyard,builtattheturnofthe17thcentury,withglazedtilesonthetop,spectacularcornersandupturnedeaves,isabout9metreshigh,andhasahistoryofabout360years.Thestonememorialgatewayinthecenterofthesecondcourtyardisflankedwithatailsteleoneithersidewithdragonscarvedoneach,recordingtherepairworkeversincethebuildingoftheMosque.OnthebackofoneofthestelesareengravedcharactersbythemastercalligrapherMiFu,“MayBuddhismFilltheUniverse”,ontheother,“Royal-Bestowed”byDongQichang,anothermasterofthesameartoftheMingdynasty.TheyaretreasuresinChinesecalligraphy.Attheentranceofthethirdcourtyardisanimperialbuilthall,wherea“monthtablet”,showingthecalculationoftheHuiCalendarsinArabic,isstored.ItwascompiledbyamaninchargeofthemosquecalledXiaoMiningintheearlyperiodoftheQingdynasty.Athree–storeyedoctagonalwoodenstructurecalled“RetrospectionTower”alsostandsinthecenterofthecourtyard,whichhasthesamefunctionastheminaretinIslamictemplesinArabiccountries,andwhichisaplacefromwhereordersweresenttocalltheMoslemstocometoworship.Respectively,onthesouthandnorthwingsofthetower,areareceptionchamberandaScriptureChamber,bothelegantlylaidout.Thefivewoodenhouses,whicharecalled“WaterHouses”inthesouthwestsectionoftheMosquearetheplacewherethebelieversbathethemselvesbeforetheyattendtheirservices.Andinsidethefourthcourtyardthereisastructurecalled“thepavilionofphoenix”,aplacewheretheworshipersusedtowaitfortheservices.Thepavilion,infact,isacompoundstructureofthreesmallbuildings.Thesix-gabledstructureofthecentralpart,adjoiningthetwothree-gabledbuildingsoneachsidelooksverymuchlikeaflyingphoenix,andhenceitsname.Justatthebackofthepavilion,thereisafishpond,beyondwhichisaplatformoccupyinganareaaslargeas700m2.Acrossbothendsoftheplatformstandsthe1,300squaremeteredservicehall,holdingoverathousandworshipersatonce.Thereareoversixhundredsunkpanelswellasthesunkpanels,aredecoratedwithpatternsofpaintedtrailingplantsandArabicletterings.Theimamleadshisgroupofworshipers,whilefacinginthedirectionofMecca,tochantinKoranandtopaytheirreligioushomage.TheMoslemsinChinashareverymuchthesamecustomswiththeirbrothersandsisterselsewhereintheworld.Theyworshipfivetimesaday:atdawn,atnoon,intheafternoon,atdusk,andatnight.Femaleworshipersattendtheirservicesinaseparatedplacefromtheirbrothers,usuallyathome.Moslemspayspecialattentiontotheirhealthandseethattheyalwayswearcleanclothes.Theyareteetotalersnotonlyofwine,butalsoofporkandanimalbloodforinKoranpigshavebeenmentionedfourtimesasbeing“unclean”.AccordingtoKoran,amancanhavefourwivesandwomenshouldwearveilswhentheygoout.However,exceptafewplacesinXinjiang,theChinesepractisemonogamyandwomenareveilesswhentheygoout.Uponhisdeath,aMoslemhastobe“thoroughlycleaned”(thoroughlybathed),hastobeputon“KeFan”(tobeshroudedwithapieceofwhitecloth)andhastobeburiedcoffinlessintheground,withanimamrecitingScripturesatthefuneral.TheChineseconstitutionpromulgatesthatfreedomofreligionofeachcitizenandfreedomofpreservingorreforminglocalcustomsforeverynationalityarepermitted.Andofcourse,theMoslemsinChinaenjoyequalrightswithpeoplesofothernationalitiesandtheirreligiousbeliefsandcustomsarerespectedeverywhereinthecountr

第四篇：導(dǎo)游考試法語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞：大雁塔、大清真寺

La Grande Pagode de l'Oie Sauvage（大雁塔）

La Grande Pagode de l'Oie Sauvage est un monument historique de la dynastie des Tang(618-907).Elle est située dans le Sud de Xi’an ,elle mesure 64 de haute et s’éleve sur une base carée de 11,Elle comporte 6 étage reliés par un escalier intérieur qui permet de monter jusqu’au sommet,d’ou on peut dominer toute la ville.Cette pagode tout en brique est la deuxieme,construite entre 701-705,sous le règne de l’imperatrice Wu Zetian(628-705),l’unique femme empereur dans l ’histoire féodale de Chine.La Grande Pagode de l'Oie Sauvage dans le Temple de la Grande Tendresse et de la Bienveillance qui a été construit en 589 sous les Sui,et le nom primitif était le Temple sans Souci.Ce Temple a été conféré par le prince(Li Zhi)afin de temoigner de sa connaissance a sa mère.La grande mosquée（大清真寺）

La grande mosquée est située dans la rue Huajiexiang ,au centre d’un quartier habité en majorité par des musulmans(60 000 sur 6 180 000 d’habitants).Elle est la plus important des 14 mosquées qui sont encore en activité à Xi’an;D’après le texte gravé sur la stèles de sa fondation, elle a été fondée sous la dynastie des Tang en 742,puis elle s’est agrandie progressivement sous les Song, les Yuan,les Ming et les Qing.Les batiments actuels datent en grande partie de la fin du qatorzième siècles sous le règne de Hong Wu.La mosquée,occupant une superficie de 12 000m2, se divise en quatre cours.Un grand portique en bois datant des premières années du septième siècle ,domine la première cour.Haut de 8 m, il revêt une forme important avec son toit bleu vernissé aux angles relevés.

第五篇：陜西西安大清真寺英文導(dǎo)游詞

陜西西安大清真寺英文導(dǎo)游詞

The Great Mosque at Huajue Lane

The Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 Moslems in Xi’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People’s Government.Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xi’an possesses much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook;besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds characteristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.However, any further discussion about the Mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up.Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A.D.and was introduced to China in the mid-600s.At that time, Arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China.In the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the Malacca Strait to China’s Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.However, massive immigration of the Moslems to China did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from Central Asia to Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran.Many of the Moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China.Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty.The Hui people later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty.In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all over China and mosques began to appear everywhere.In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country.And a lot of the Moslems took part in Zhu Yuanzhang’s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty.Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty issued mandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats.In the early 16th century, Islam predominated Qinghai on the minority nationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans.The Moslems in Xi’an are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China.The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xi’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China.According to “the Stele on the Building of the Mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty.However, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty.The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures.The still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years.The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque.On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, “May Buddhism Fill the Universe”, on the other, “Royal-Bestowed”by Dong Qichang, another master of the same art of the Ming dynasty.They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy.At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a “month tablet”, showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored.It was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of the Qing dynasty.A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called “Retrospection Tower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship.Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out.The five wooden houses, which are called “Water Houses”in the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services.And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called “the Pavilion of Phoenix”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services.The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings.The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name.Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2.Across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once.There are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings.The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay their religious homage.The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world.They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night.Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home.Moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes.They are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being “unclean”.According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out.However, except a few places in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out.Upon his death, a Moslem has to be “thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on “Ke Fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth)and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funeral.The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted.And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.