第一篇：現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀4課后翻譯

Unit 1

1.I know I could rely on my brother to stand by me whatever happened.我知道，不管發(fā)生什么情況，我都可以依靠兄弟的支持。

2.As a rule, the younger generation tends to be more interested in the present rather than thepast unlike the older generation, but both generations will stand to lose if they do not respect the other’s needs.一般來說，年輕一代與老一輩不同，他們對現(xiàn)在而不是對過去感興趣。但這兩代人如果不互相尊重對方的需要，就都會遭受損失。

3.The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating the whole nation.中國的書面文字是國家完整統(tǒng)一的一個(gè)重要因素。

4.In traditional Chinese art and literature, the bamboo and the pine tree always symbolize moreintegrity and uprightness.在中國的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)和文學(xué)中，竹子和松樹往往象征著道德上的正直和剛正不阿。

5.Queen Elizabeth 1 ruled England for 45years, and the nation prospered under her rule.女皇伊麗莎白一世統(tǒng)治英國45年。在她統(tǒng)治時(shí)期，國家十分繁榮昌盛。

6.Democracy means that the majority rules.But that’s not all.Respect for minority’s right todisagree is also an integral part of democracy.The two rules are equal

importance.民主意味著多數(shù)人來治理；但不僅如此，尊重少數(shù)人反對的權(quán)利也是民主不可分的一部分。這兩條規(guī)則同等重要。

7.A nation cannot be strong unless it is well-integrated politically, economically, culturally aswell as geographically.一個(gè)國家不可能強(qiáng)大，除非她不在地理上，二十在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、和文化上都是一個(gè)整體。

8.The party was boring, so he slipped out of the room and went home.But the road was somuddy after the rain that he slipped and fell into a ditch.晚會十分乏味，所以他就偷偷溜出房間回家了?？墒怯旰蟮穆贩浅Ｄ酀?，他腳下一滑，掉進(jìn)了溝里。

9.Her health was such that she would not dare to be exposed to the sun even in winter lest shegot sunstroke.她身體糟糕到了這種程度，以至于冬天都不敢見太陽，怕中暑。

10.I was drowning my sorrow one night in a small restaurant when he came to me and slipped a roll of money in my pocket.有一天晚上，我正在一家小飯館里借酒消愁，他突然走了過來，往我手里塞了一沓鈔票。Translate the sentences into English, using being.1.He is being investigated for receiving bribes.2.The government started airdropping food to areas being cut off by the flood.3.People are much concerned about how the charity money is being used.4.The exact locations of the laboratories are being kept secret for reasons of security.5.What's the matter with Jim today? I think he's being rather rude, not his usual self.6.The local public security bureau is being criticized for being soft on whit crime.7.The car accident investigator is accused of being one-sided, favoring the offender.8.The project coordinator complains that almost half of his time is being spent on meetings and reports.9.His latest novel being adapted for TV has been on the New York Times best-seller list for forty-two weeks.10.The spokesman flatly denied all rumors being circulated at the moment about the president's health.Unit 2

1.Zhuge Liang pretended to be very calm and succeed in hiding the fact from Sima Yi that the city was really ungrounded.He proved himself worthy of the admiration he had received.2.He knew that a bloody battle was imminent and his army was terribly outnumbered.So he pretended to be retreating quickly to the rear.Actually he was laying a trap for the enemy troops.3.Social Darwinists asserted that we can compare human society to the animal world.It did not cross their minds that human beings could be different from other animals.They relied on their brain rather than their instinct.4.These mass-produced chickens can not compare with the chickens we used to raise at home.Chicken farms may have increased the output, but they have robbed the chickens of their good taste.5.The financial bubbles finally burst, causing a serious crisis that swept over the whole world.6.Thanks to our price edge, our exports to that region increased by 30% compared with the same period the previous year.7.The reporters were all bursting with questions.But the government

spokesman/spokesperson said that all she knew was that people were watching a play when some thirty armed terrorists burst into the theater.8.When the prisoners burst out singing, the prison warden was frightened.9.The area is dotted with factories.It also has holiday inns dotted around the whole island.But there are already signs that many local people will rebel against this trend.10.He declared that all the rebels would be pardoned if they laid down their arms.1.As the saying goes, there’s no smoke without fire.2.There’s no denying that the film has no equal in cinema history.3.I warned him about the danger involved, but he paid no heed to my warning.4.There’s no generally accepted definition of happiness.5.These are no ordinary students;they are going to be trained as astronauts.6.There are no easy or painless solutions to the company’s financial problems.7.Away from home for the first time, college students have to do day-day chores themselves.It’s no bad thing.8.The two sides are so far apart on key issues that there’s no telling how long the talks could drag on.9.That’s the kind of holiday I dream of — no telephone, no TV and no worries.10.Some of the nation’s top economists say that they see no sign of economic recovery in the country.Unit 3

1.Our reform and open policy resulted in rapid growth.But we must not forget that the policy in turn resulted from the great liberation of people’s minds.2.As a rule/Generally speaking, the fact that you like someone will dispose you to like his ideas, too.3.It is doubtful if we can find a way to dispose of nuclear waste that is 100 percent secure on day.If possible, we should shift to other energy.4.I searched around for a set of furniture that would fit in my small sitting room.But I found them out of stock.5.When serving the customer, the innkeeper found that the man fit the

descriptions of the wanted murder suspect.6.When asked how to keep fit, he would always give his stock advice: stick to a good eating habit---meaning: no salt, no sugar, no fat.7.The water was unfit for swimming, let alone drinking.As a result, many people in the region got sick.8.He did not lose his temper when he heard this as I thought he would.On the contrary, he was suddenly seized by a fit of laughter.9.When completed, this subway will be extended to cover the whole city.10.That the stock market did not seem to respond to the economic boom

puzzled everybody.No wonder people decided to hold their stocks.Unit 4

1.I saw a boat drifting/floating along the river.I do not intend be like this boat, drifting through life without goals.2.The peach trees in the valley were in full blossom and she indulged in the pleasure without stop.A short distance in front of her she saw a little hut with beautiful country music drifting out of the windows.(or : The peach trees in the valley were in full blossom, making it difficult to tear herself from them.some distance in front of her she saw a little hut with beautiful country music drifting out of the windows.)

3.After my marriage, my friends and drifted apart a little, and I was completely out of my element among those business people I had to work with.I'm sick and tired of their business discussions.4.They already have all the necessary elements for a civil war.The international community has appeared to both sides for a peaceful settlement of their disputes

5.Many people think that the church is losing its appeal although it has accumulated an increasing wealth.6.The ideal of business expansion appeals to me.Today the economy of many of our trade partners is starting to pick up speed.Our domestic market is estimated/ to recover next year.7.Reform always involves risks, but it is much riskier without reform.Today most people hope for further reform in spite of the opposition/backlash.8.He was furious when he read the letter.He tore it up and threw it into the

wastepaper basket.Then he ripped a piece off his coat and wrote his last letter by using his own blood as ink.9.In hindsight/ looking back, we all feel that it was foolish to tear down(demolish)this beautiful city wall.10.You wait at home.I will come and pick you up at around seven.Don’t worry.The doctor has assured us that her health will pick up soon.1.The climate of my hometown is pleasant except in January and August.2.Except when he is sick/unwell, wan ping spends about 40 minutes a day jogging.3.About his special mission he told his family nothing except that he had to be away on business for some time.4.His parents know that they don’t have to do much for their son except to let him be himself.5.They asked for nothing except what was rightfully theirs.Unit 5

1.Statistics show that China has a total amount of 2.8 million cubic meters of water resources, second only to Brazil, Russia and Canada, ranking in the fourth(to be updated)in the world.But when divided by 1.3 billion, our average per-capita

share of water resources only amounts to about one quarter of the world’s average.2.We have always been heavily burdened with the problem of water shortage.It is said that of the 661 large and medium-sized cities nationwide, about two-thirds are suffering from an acute shortage of water.Beijing is a good example in point.It not only lacks surface water, even its underground water table is dangerously low.It is reported to have dropped by 90 meters.Some scholars suggest we move our capital to some other place.This is of course unfeasible/unrealistic, but the message is clear.3.Our water resources first of all are not evenly distributed in time or space.They are either too much, causing floods, or too little, causing droughts.4.In spite of the impressive progress we had achieved in the past years, we are still far from effectively harnessing our rivers, lakes and reservoirs.Soil erosion and

desertification are increasingly threatening our economy and people’s lives.Many of our rivers no longer flow to the sea.In 1998, the Yellow River failed to have enough water to flow the sea for 212 days.5.Traditionally our water resources have mainly been used to irrigate land, but, in

recent years, demands on water for industrial and domestic use have also been sharply on the rise.They have serious outgrown supplies.6.Today our scarce resources are becoming even scarcer because a lot of water is being wasted on capacious baths, power showers, flush lavatories, and golf rinks.Moreover, a lot of water is being polluted.7.These two rivers both have their headwater in the country.It therefore makers water an issue for potential serious dispute between the two countries.8.In recent years, we have pinned great hopes on the project to divert water from the south to the north, hoping that it will once and for all solve our flood problem in the south and the drought problem in the north.But there are scholars whose opinions differ.They warn us the that the immunity of the Yangtze to droughts cannot be taken for granted.1.With better medical care, my grandfather could have lived to eighty.2.Even at gunpoint I wouldn’t renounce my beliefs.3.Further delay would cause us even greater losses.4.But for the seat belt, she would have been severely injured in the(road)accident t.5.A man without a strong sense of justice wouldn’t have brought the matter up.6.Without an experienced guide like her, we might have been trapped in the jungle.7.I wonder how many of us would have done the same in his position.8.With a more sophisticated computer we would have completed the project much sooner.9.Without a strong will, even a healthy man wouldn’t have reached the top of the mountain in two hours.10.A less resourceful person wouldn’t have been able to carry out the task under such unfavorable conditions.Unit 6

Translate the following sentences into English.1.Incredible as it may sound, I hear that they charge 40 yuan for a bowl of simple noodles at the airport.2.Sun Quan finally talked everybody into agreeing to put Lu Xun, a young scholar, in charge of/commanding this decisive battle.3.He was arrested on the charge of smuggling, but in accordance with the law, no citizen can be arrested without evidence.4.She dropped the plate on the ground, but it miraculously did not break, without so much as a crack.5.I can assure you that if we dig a well deep enough here, we will strike water.So if you guys have no objection, let’s get started.6.She takes delight in shifting the tables and chairs in this room so as to give the room a new look.7.The focus of our economic development has shifted from the coastal areas in the east to the central and western areas.8.He shifted/changed to the highest gear, thus leaving all the other cars far behind.9.I maintained that smoking should be forbidden, but he disagreed because he said that the tobacco industry was an important source of government revenue.10.The local people raised a strong objection to installing the cable car over that beautiful mountain.Translate the sentences into English using it is/was(high)time(that)sb did sth.1.We've been training for the whole morning.It,s time we took a break and had

lunch.2.The Johnsons decided that it was high time their 40-year-old son moved out of their house.3.Twenty years have passed, and it’s time we buried the past misunderstandings of our two families.4.It’s time we protested publicly and said no to such gender discrimination in this department.5.It’s time unions and management sat down and worked out a real solution to the problem.It’s high time national leaders took stock of their nation’s resources and worked out realistic plans

Unit 9

1.I have to go to the dentist tomorrow.One of my front teeth is loose.2.Your translation is a bit too loose.You ought to be more faithful to the original.3.Fashions come and go.A few years ago everybody was wearing tight jeans, but now loose shirts and pants are back.4.Many villagers actually did not like the terrorists, but they had to agree to harbor them because they knew if they didn’t,they would be severely punished.5.After the Civil War, many black people were still subjected to serious racial

discrimination.They still could not count on the government to render assistance to them.6.Traditionally women were confined to their homes, deprived of the opportunity to seek employment.But in the course of the war, many women were obliged to go to factories to replace men, and this began to awaken women’s social consciousness.7.Man is the only animal that makes a moral distinction between right and wrong.Man alone is capable of dreaming about how to make a paradise on earth of the existing world.8.Many towns and cities have lost their traditional beauty.9.But Pingyao is an exception in that respect.Ironically, it has been able to retain its beauty because for years it was too poor to change.10.She is one of the most important writers in contemporary China.She has published many works of distinction.But she still remains relatively unknown to people outside China, partly because we do not have enough talented translators to render such works adequately into foreign languages.1.His dentist advised him to eat fruit and/but avoid sugar.2.Unlike its competitors, this grocery store never charges extra for residential delivery.3.Rachel Carson’s style was clear, lively and informative but not preachy.4.There, production has dropped while prices and unemployment rate have

skyrocketed.5.Compared with the shop doorway he had slept in for a week, the man called the emergency shelter for the homeless a paradise.6.Unlike first-time home buyers, those who own their houses have trouble getting a mortgage.7.Globalization is a double-edged sword.On the one hand, it may promote economic growth, on the other hand, it may cause economic instability.8.She was repeatedly passed over for promotion while less experienced male colleagues ware given managerial positions.9.He may not be the most talented software programmer, on the other hand he is the best for this project.10.What we have learned at college is merely a drop in the ocean compared with what is to learn in the medical field.Unit 11 1.We have decided to take up the subject of Sino-Japanese relations in our next discussion nextFriday.But the time is subject to change.我們決定下星期五討論中日關(guān)系這個(gè)話題，不過具體時(shí)間可能會變。

2.Speaking for myself, a bore is a person who always talks for hours on end, and never changesthe subject.就我而言，令人討厭的人就是那種一說話就幾個(gè)鐘頭沒完，又永遠(yuǎn)不換話題的人。

3.We are informed that any project exceeding 50 million yuan is subject to the approval ofhigher authorities.But the process won’t take long.We can get the approval in a matter of two or three weeks.我們得到通知說，凡是超過五千萬元的項(xiàng)目都需要得到上級的審批。不過這個(gè)過程不會太長。我們可能兩三個(gè)星期就能得到批準(zhǔn)。

4.According to the contract law, all operations of foreign-owned enterprises in China are subjectto Chinese laws and regulations.根據(jù)合同法，所有外資企業(yè)在中國的業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營都需遵守中國法律。

5.Many protestors were killed or subject to cruel torture.Therefore in the following days moreand more angry demonstrations swept the country.很多示威群眾早到了殺害和殘酷的拷打，因此隨后幾天，越來越憤怒的示威席卷了全國。

6.The terrible tsunami swept everything away in those coastal cities resulting in extremelyheavy casualties.那場可怕的海嘯席卷了那些沿海城市的一切，造成了極其嚴(yán)重的傷亡。

7.All doubts were now cleared away and the idea of reform soon swept throughout the countrylike wild fire.所有的懷疑都被排除了。改革的思想像野火一樣傳遍了全國。

8.Look at your stuffed drawers!Why don’t you clear away all those useless stuff? No time?Nonsense!

瞧你那塞滿了東西的抽屜！你為什么不把沒用的東西清理掉？沒有時(shí)間？胡說八道！

9.It is the custom of our import and export firm to clear all our debts before the end of the year.每年年底以前還清全部欠款是我們進(jìn)出口公司的習(xí)慣。

10.The devaluation of a country’s currency is usually good for export, but bad for import,whereas the appreciation is vice versa.一個(gè)國家貨幣的貶值通常對出口有利，而對進(jìn)口不利；而增值則正好相反。

Unit 16

Translate the following sentences into English.1.There you are!Didn’t I tell you that the next person to land on the moon may very well be a Chinese astronaut?

2.Nowadays many ordinary people can travel overseas, not to mention the domestic tourism.No wonder tourism has become one of the main props of our economy.3.In court he denied having tackled me.He swore that he had never laid a finger on me.Luckily there were two eyewitnesses to confirm my story.4.Li Kui was not being shouted at.He jumped on the boat trying to grab Ruan Xiaocr.But Ruan jumped into the water and turned over the boat.Now on land, Ruan was no match for Li, but in water where Ruan was said to be able to stay under for days, he reigned supreme.So poor Li had to be hauled out of the water half dead after he had

been tormented long enough.5.The man at the information desk confirmed him that Flight 901 was delayed and was due to land at 8:30.He figured that he had more than one and a half hours to go, and might as well take a nap.So he went to sleep with his head propped on his travel bag.6.He lost his grip of the branch and fell down from the cliff.He could have been killed if he had not landed on dry hay out of sheer luck

7.When the doctor told me that there was so far no known cure for my disease I was on the verge of total collapse.It was at this critical moment that my sister, whose opinion I always valued, came to me.She told me not to be resigned to fate.She asked me to pull myself together and never to despair.Translate the sentences using the modal + have done construction.1.When I looked at my watch, he must have guessed my thoughts.2.It was so quiet that you could have heard a pin drop.3.Don’t worry.The children might have gone to their grandparents’ place.4.You shouldn’t have criticized your staff like that.They’ve done their best.5.realized then and there that the boy would have liked to stay home at his computer rather than go to the cinema.6.The druggist was a little man who could/might have been any age from fifty to one hundred.7.As all staff members had access to the information, any one of them could have downloaded the document.8.The man who saved two old ladies from a burning house said that others would have done the same under the circumstances.9.As his best friend, you should have advised Lao Wang to make up with his wife before it was too late.10.I definitely wouldn’t have devoted much of my time to surfing on the Internet as I did last term.

第二篇：現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀3課后翻譯

Unit 1 1.adolescence.青春期 2.adolescent.青少年時(shí)期 3.adulthood.成年 4.affection.喜愛 5.affirm.斷言 6.agenda.日程表

7.Approval.同意，批準(zhǔn) 8.attitudinal.態(tài)度的 9.counsel.建議 10.crisis.危機(jī)

11.encyclopedia.百科全書 12.endeavor.嘗試 13.endowment.天賦 14.ethical.道德的

15.evaluate.估算，評估

16.excessive.過分的，極度的 17.feminine.女性的 18.functional.職務(wù)的 19.genetic 基因的 20.heighten.提高 21.inherit遺傳，繼承 22.inhibition壓抑的情緒 23.interaction合作 24.internalize內(nèi)化 25.masculine 男性的 26.newscast 新聞廣播 27.option 選擇 28.peer

同齡人

29.perceive理解 30.prejudiced 偏見 31.rebel抗議

32.resentment 怨恨 33.seminary學(xué)院的 34.theological神學(xué)的 35.wardrobe衣櫥 Unit 2 36..abate 減弱

37..akimbo兩手叉腰

38..barrel桶

39..bookworm極愛讀書的人

40..careerism追求個(gè)人事業(yè)成功41..clan家族

42..coax 哄騙

43..comprise 組成44..compulsion 沖動

45..convent女修道院

46..corollary 推論

47..couched 表達(dá)

48..courser駿馬

49..crayfish小龍蝦

50..curled卷曲的

51..discontented不滿足的 52..dishearten 讓人失去希望

53..dogged頑強(qiáng)的

54..domino---多米諾骨牌

55..equivalent等效

56..ethos精神

57..exclusivity---排他性，排外性

58..flatten使平整

59..frigate-護(hù)航艦

60..gable---三角墻

61..guillotine-斷頭臺

62..hale--健壯的63..installment-一期

64..interior--內(nèi)部的

65..inveterate-積習(xí)難改的，成癮的66..invincible 太壯而無法擊敗

67..latter-下半年

68..literacy-有文化的69..literati-識字的70..lure 誘惑力

71..mockingbird--知更鳥

72..ottoman-奧斯曼帝國

73..parallel平行的，同時(shí)的74..perplexed-迷惑的75..plummet--暴跌

76..portray--描繪，勾畫 77..prance-歡騰

78..prize-對---很重要

79..pundit-某一學(xué)科的權(quán)威，專家

80..safari-野外狩獵

81..Saint--圣徒，圣人

82..sanction-批準(zhǔn)

83..seduce 誘使

84..sling-掛在

85..snobbery-勢力

86..solace安慰

87..solitary-孤獨(dú)的88..sprawl-擴(kuò)張

89..subculture-亞文化

90..supplant-取代

91..sustenance.人或動物賴以生存的食物

92..trickle-.細(xì)流

93..trolley.購物車，手推車

94..tsar-.沙皇

95.undersung.沒受到足夠重視或贊揚(yáng)

96..virtue-優(yōu)點(diǎn)

97..whereas--.盡管，然而。

Unit 3 98..ashtray-.煙灰缸

99..barbarian-.野蠻人

100..beak-.嘴

101..bear-.忍受，承受

102..bosom-.胸部

103..champagne.香 檳酒

104..coachman-.馬車夫

105..decorate--.裝修

106..dill-.蒔蘿

107..dreamy-.夢幻 108..drum.鼓

109..egoist-.自我主義者

110..exasperate.激怒

111..flap.輕拍

112..geranium-.天竺葵

113..grimace.鬼臉

114..haunting-.難以忘懷的，縈繞心頭的115..hover.停留于，盤旋于

116..indecision-.優(yōu)柔寡斷

117..infuriated-.極其憤怒地

118..lap-.腿上

119..loathe-.憎惡

120..magic.有魔力的121..maniac.瘋子

122..marigold-.金盞花

123..melancholy.憂郁的124..mockery.嘲笑

125..mournful.悲哀的126..naive.幼稚的127..pagoda.寶塔

128..peel.脫下

129..pickle-.泡菜

130..plead-.辯護(hù)

131..prick.豎起耳朵

132..purr-.發(fā)出低低的 咕嚕聲

133..ripple.泛起漣漪

134..scrape.擦，刮，蹭

135..self-engrossed-.專注自己的事

136..Siberia--西伯利亞

137..slumber-.睡眠

138..sufficient-.足夠

139..tap.輕蔑

140..thunder.令人吃驚的141..veil-.面紗

142..velvet-.天鵝絨

143..verbena 美人櫻 144..wasp-.黃蜂

短語

1.Go through 通過 2.Perceive as 視為

3.Wander the world 漫步世界

4.Commit sth to memory把..托付給記憶 5.Aspire to do sth渴望做 6.Pay lip service to口頭承諾 7.See to it that保證

8.Suspect sb of懷疑某人 9.Be geared to屬于

10.A great variety of各種各樣的

11.Hold sth with in bounds持有某物的界

限

12.Set the stage for設(shè)置舞臺

13.restrain one’s impulse 克制沖動

14.spread butter 涂上黃油

15.contaminate the environment 污染環(huán)

境

16.undergo great suffering 經(jīng)歷巨大的痛

苦

17.still the noise 使噪聲靜止

18.modify the tone 緩和語氣

19.sink a well 挖一口井

20.settle the dispute 解決爭端

21.delight the eye 賞心悅目

22.invade that country 入侵那個(gè)國家

23.evil spell 邪惡的咒語

24.harsh reality 嚴(yán)峻的現(xiàn)實(shí) 25.26.27.28.29.30.31.35.36.37.38.39.40.41.42.43.44.56.57.58.59.60.61.62.63.64.lethal weapons 致命的武器

an inventive mind 有創(chuàng)造力的頭腦的樣子

brand names 品牌名

32.rude paths 崎嶇的小路

advance investigation 事先調(diào)查

33.a sharp feeling of panic 一陣強(qiáng)烈的恐introduced species 外來物種

懼感

natural reserves 自然保護(hù)區(qū)

34.after a fashion 勉強(qiáng)湊合的with a businesslike air 一副辦正經(jīng)事tense muscles 緊張的肌肉

45.a slight annoyance 一絲不快

the pent-up air 憋著一口氣

46.dress the wound 包扎傷口

uncanny power 異乎尋常的本領(lǐng)

47.sink into the ooze 陷入淤泥

searching eyes 銳利的眼睛

48.tighten one’s belt 勒緊褲帶

a violent effort 竭盡全力

49.strain one’s eyes 極目而望

a savage attack 猛烈的攻擊

50.hum a tune 口哼小曲

a padding sound of feet 輕輕地腳步聲

51.snap the gate shut 砰然關(guān)門

a wild chance 難以想象的一線機(jī)會

52.strike off from the main road 離開大道

the lean figure of a man 一個(gè)男人消瘦53.get a grip on oneself 控制情緒的背影

54.postpone the visit 延期訪問

a beast at bay 一只困獸

55.live a year in a minute 度日如年

In fact, it may be heighted by their choice to pursue a college education.事實(shí)上，它可能顯示他們選擇追求大學(xué)教育。

College students need to stand back and see where they are in the independence struggle.大學(xué)生們需要站起來，看看他們在獨(dú)立斗爭中的立場。

Has it dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood?

你有注意到當(dāng)你從青春期到成年的時(shí)候，你的生活發(fā)生了一定的發(fā)展變化嗎？

During my visit home, my father and I had several conversations in which we discussed the content of my course and how it applied to our lives.在我的訪問期間，我的父親和我有幾次談話，我們討論了我的課程的內(nèi)容，以及它如何應(yīng)用到我們的生活中。

I can no longer read newspapers or watch a television newscast without seeing the people from other countries in a different light.以一種不同的視角來看待其他國家的人民，我就不能讀報(bào)和看國家新聞。

The neighborhood where I grew up was the sort of place in which people dream of raising children-a small but satisfying spread of center-hall colonials, old roses, and quiet roads.我長大的地方是人們夢想撫養(yǎng)孩子的地方-一個(gè)小而又令人滿意的中心大廳殖民地，古老的玫瑰和安靜的道路。

Perhaps restlessness is necessary corollary of devoted literacy.也許不安是專門掃盲的必然結(jié)果。

Reading for pleasure, spurred on by some interior compulsion, became as suspect as getting on the subway to ride aimlessly from place to place.由內(nèi)心追求快樂的欲望所驅(qū)使的閱讀，已經(jīng)變得讓人無法認(rèn)可了，人們認(rèn)為這種閱讀好像是一個(gè)人乘坐地鐵漫無目的從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方

You eat with them, pass the day with them, and in the evening there is that endless singing.你和他們一起吃飯，和他們一起度過一天，在晚上有那無盡的歌唱。

第三篇：現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀3_課后翻譯（本站推薦）

現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀三課后翻譯答案

（精讀期末復(fù)習(xí)資料）

Unit 1 1.他對他的研究如此專心致志，從來沒有過很快就要退休的念頭。

He is so devoted to his research that it never occurs to him that he will soon have to retire.2.很多人都曾說過，如果沒有有效的制約，我們都有濫用權(quán)力的傾向。Many people have observed that without effective checks, we all have a tendency to abuse our power.3.有些國家拒絕卷入這一爭端，而且他們對外國的干涉非常反感。

Some countries refuse to get involved in this dispute and they resent any foreign interference.4.控制沙塵暴需要大量的工作和資金。

The control of sandstorms will involve a tremendous amount of work and money.5.你們用這些技術(shù)的時(shí)候，必須考慮到當(dāng)?shù)氐臈l件

You have to take the local conditions into consideration when you apply these technologies.6.所有的申請者都必須填好這些表格，然后郵寄50美元的報(bào)名費(fèi)。

All applicants will have to fill out these forms and mail in an application fee of 50 dollars.7.他根據(jù)對孩子們行為的觀察得出結(jié)論：學(xué)習(xí)是一種自然的樂趣。

Based on his careful observation of children’s behavior, he came to the conclusion that learning is a natural pleasure.8.在一個(gè)多民族的國家里，各民族之間的和諧需要小心處理。

In a country of many nationalities, ethnic harmony requires very careful handling.9.政府決定嚴(yán)懲所有涉案的腐敗官員。

The government is determined to punish all the corrupt officials involved.10.考試作弊并不經(jīng)常發(fā)生，但一旦發(fā)生，學(xué)校會采取嚴(yán)厲的態(tài)度。

Cheating at/on exams does not occur very often.But when it does, the school takes a very tough position.Unit 4 1.只有這樣我們對它的這種古怪行為才能給予合理的解釋。

Only in this way can we give a reasonable account of his strange behavior.2.她自稱具有一種特異功能，用手一摸就能治病。

She claims to possess a magic power—the power to cure disease simply by the touch of her hand.3.他任命了五個(gè)人處理這個(gè)案件。他們組成了一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的班子。幾天內(nèi)，他們就發(fā)現(xiàn)嫌犯擁有成卷的他無法說明來源的歐元、美元和大量貴重物品。He appointed five people to handle the case.They formed a strong team.Within days they found in his possession rolls of Euros, US dollars and large quantities of valuables the source of which the suspect could not account for.4.在這個(gè)故事里，這個(gè)妖怪常常以美女的樣子出現(xiàn)。

In the story, the evil spirit often appears in the form of a pretty young lady.5.他把畫卷了起來，并說一百萬美元以下絕對不賣。

He rolled up the painting, and said that he would not part with it for less than a million dollars.6.有那么多的合格法官，我不明白為什么她會被任命到最高法院工作。Of all the qualified judges, I don’t know why she was appointed to the Supreme Court.7.我對此知道得不多，不足以形成一大套力量。不過我肯定，僅僅是貧困還不能解釋犯罪率上升。

I don’t know enough to form an elaborate theory, but I’m sure that poverty alone cannot account for the increase of the crime rate.8.一塊大石頭突然從山上滾了下來。它是如此之大，一下子把一輛卡車砸的粉碎。A big stone suddenly rolled down the hill, so big that it smashed the truck to pieces.9.我說我們得卷起袖子開始干活，但是他就只是像哲學(xué)家一樣轉(zhuǎn)了轉(zhuǎn)眼珠，笑了笑。I said we must roll up our sleeves and start working, but he just rolled his eyes philosophically and smiled.10.古時(shí)候，我們的哲學(xué)家們認(rèn)為一個(gè)好的皇帝對他的百姓就應(yīng)該像一個(gè)好父親對他的孩子那樣，在任何情況下都不可殘酷地對待他們。

In ancient times, our philosophers believed that a good king should be to the people as a good father is to his children—he must never treat them cruelly on any account.Unit 5 1.造房子不是開玩笑的事情，你們每一步都必須仔細(xì)檢查。

Building a house is no joking matter.You must check carefully at every step.2.他的部隊(duì)成功地阻止了敵人的前進(jìn)。這些敵人原先的企圖是要來一個(gè)突然襲擊。

His troops successfully checked the advance of the enemy whose original intention was to make a surprise attack.3.我當(dāng)時(shí)很想反駁他的觀點(diǎn)，但是我克制住了，因?yàn)槲矣X得那種場合不合適。I really wanted to refute his arguments, but i checked myself because I thought it was not the right occasion.4.蕾切爾·卡森以將她的一生都獻(xiàn)給了環(huán)保事業(yè)而聞名。Rachel Carson is famous for devoting all her life to the cause of environment protection.5.在某些方面，我們對這些大壩和水庫潛在的危害仍然一無所知。它們可能造成不可恢復(fù)的環(huán)境變化。

In some ways we are still ignorant of the potential harm of these dams and reservoirs, They might cause irrevocable changes in the environment.6.應(yīng)該有一整套平衡制約的手段，這樣才不會由一個(gè)人在沒有得到老百姓同意，在他們不知情的情況下制訂關(guān)系國家利益的重要政策。

There must be a set of checks and balances so that no important policy concerning national interests can be made by one person without the consent and knowledge of the people.7.要想在競爭中獲勝，我們必須適應(yīng)新的形勢。比如這些花花綠綠的衣服就是他別設(shè)計(jì)的，他們針對的事年輕人市場。

To compete successfully we have to adjust to new conditions.These colorful garments, for example, are specially designed.They are intended for the youth market.8.我們教師如果對學(xué)生的健康情況缺少關(guān)心，那時(shí)不能原諒的。

We teachers cannot be excused for our lack of concern for students’ health.9.他說他寧可死也不愿永遠(yuǎn)臥床不起，與外界隔絕。

He said that he would rather die than be confined to bed all his life and isolated from the outside world.10.一場群眾抗議席卷了全國，將他置于左右兩方的交叉火力當(dāng)中。A mass protest swept the country and he was caught in a crossfire from both the right and the left.Unit 6 1.我們都知道可卡因是容易上癮的。海洛因也一樣。但實(shí)際上，權(quán)力和金錢也同樣使人上癮。那些上癮的人其實(shí)都是嚴(yán)重的病人。

We all know that cocaine is addictive.So is heroin.But actually power and money are addictive too.Those who get addicted to them are really very sick people.2.科學(xué)家們一直在主張退耕還林，把新開墾的地還給江河湖泊，沼澤草地。Scientists have been advocating returning reclaimed land to rivers, lakes, marshes and meadows.3.根據(jù)很多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的說法，政府挽救那些資不抵債的公司不一定是個(gè)好主意。有時(shí)一個(gè)處于破產(chǎn)邊緣的公司，最好就讓它破產(chǎn)。

According to many economists, it is not always a good idea for the government to bail out financially insolvent companies.Sometimes, a company on the verge of bankruptcy is better allowed to go bankrupt.4.他被逮了個(gè)正著。有無可辯駁的證據(jù)證明他書里有整整一章是從另外一個(gè)教授的書里原封不動地抄襲過來的。

He has been caught red-handed.There is indisputable evidence that a whole chapter of his book was bodily lifted from a book written by another professor.5.他們政府早已有法律禁止珍稀鳥類和獸類的進(jìn)出口。但是要實(shí)行該法律并不容易。

Their government long since passed a law to ban the import and export of rare species of birds and animals.But the law is not easy to enforce.6.現(xiàn)在很難讓年輕人相信，曾經(jīng)有過這么一段時(shí)期，中國婦女被禁止穿裙子。牛仔褲、外國電影、音樂都被禁止了。

It is hard to make young people believe nowadays that was a time when Chinese women were banned from wearing skirts, Jeans, foreign movies and Western music were all forbidden.8.在黑暗中，我們的船觸了礁，船底留了個(gè)大洞。我們都拼命設(shè)法把水從船里弄出來，但船在快速下沉。幸虧附近有條漁船，使我們絕處逢生。

In the darkness our ship hit a hidden rock, which left a gaping hole in the bottom.We all tried desperately to bail out the water, but the boat was sinking fast.Luckily a fishing boat was nearly and saved us from drowning.9.示威者要求立即取消經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁，因?yàn)樗ǔＶ粫o辜的百姓。

The demonstrators demanded that economic sanctions be lifted immediately because they usually only hurt ordinary, innocent people.10.會上倡導(dǎo)者和反對者都擺出了有力的觀點(diǎn)。但大多數(shù)人都贊成將進(jìn)一步的改革立即提上日程。At the meeting, both the advocates and opponents gave strong argument, but most participants favored having further reforms placed on the agenda immediately.Unit 9 1.我們公司預(yù)計(jì)今年的增長速度為8%，比去年增長2%。

Our company projects an 8% growth rate this year, up by 2% compared with last year.2.預(yù)計(jì)中國將越來越贊成跨國的兼并和收購。

China is projected to increasingly favor more and more cross-border mergers and acquisitions.3.投影到屏幕上的幻燈片表明，在那次競選中他極力想把自己塑造成一個(gè)強(qiáng)人的形象。

The slides projected on the screen showed that he tried to project himself as a strong man in the election campaign.4.消息說當(dāng)局已經(jīng)接受了他的建議，這項(xiàng)價(jià)值幾十億美元的項(xiàng)目已被無限期地推遲了，他聽后心里感到特別寬慰。

He was greatly relieved to hear that the authorities had accepted his recommendation and the multibillion-dollar project had been postponed indefinitely.5.納爾遜大夫已經(jīng)連續(xù)五個(gè)小時(shí)給一個(gè)又一個(gè)的傷員做手術(shù)了，所以當(dāng)梅森大夫能來接替他的時(shí)候我們都如釋重負(fù)。Dr Nelson had been operating on one wounded soldier after another for five hours.Therefore we all sighed with relief when Dr Mason was able to come to relieve him.6.政府救濟(jì)就像是止痛藥。它能緩解你的痛苦，但是不能治你的病。不僅如此，你還很容易形成依賴，無法擺脫。

Government relief is like a pain-killer.It gives you relief, but it does not cure the disease.Besides, you can easily get hooked on it.7.私營企業(yè)并不要求政府板胡它們不受競爭威脅。他們只希望不受歧視。Private businesses are not asking the government shield them against competition.They just hope not to be discriminated against.8.我們必須把他們爭取過來，或者使他們中立，以便徹底孤立我們的主要敵人。We must try to win them over or neutralize them so that we can completely isolate the main enemy.9.從目前通貨膨脹的情況來看，可能還有必要再次提息，這樣才不至于把最近這次提薪給完全抵消掉。

Judging by the rate of inflation so far, perhaps it is necessary to raise interest rates again so that the recent pay raise will not be completely neutralized.10.改革開始的時(shí)候，人們普遍有一種樂觀情緒。大家都相信我們的現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)有著光明的前景。

A general feeling of optimism prevailed when the reform started.People all believed that there were bright prospects for our modernization.Unit 11 1.科學(xué)家們大致同意地球變暖是一個(gè)事實(shí)，但是其成因目前還在熱烈爭論之中.不少人認(rèn)為，如果我們把現(xiàn)有證據(jù)都放在一起，就可得出結(jié)論，這是人類活動造成的。但另外有些人認(rèn)為我們還要進(jìn)一步研究這個(gè)問題，他們認(rèn)為自然的力量起碼有著同等的重要性。

Scientists more or less agree that global warming is a fact, but its cause is still hotly debated at present.Many believe that if we piece together all the available evidence we can conclude that it is caused by human activities, but others think we need to dig into the problem further, and that natural forces are at least of equal importance.2.他把他一生都獻(xiàn)給了水利工程。他是少數(shù)幾個(gè)最早看到在這里建大壩可能給我們造成多大麻煩的科學(xué)家中的一位。

He devoted all his life to the cause of water conservancy.He was one of the few scientists who first saw how much trouble it would cause us in future if we were to build a dam here.3.那些同情國際恐怖主義的人從一個(gè)不同的前提出發(fā)開看待這一問題。他們相信，為了達(dá)到目的可以不擇手段。但我強(qiáng)烈反對這種觀點(diǎn)。我認(rèn)為任何借口都不能為冷血謀殺無辜的婦女、兒童和老人做辯護(hù)。

Those who sympathize with international terrorism view the problem from a different premise.They believe that their goal can justify cold-blooded murder of innocent women, children and old people.4.有民間非政府組織在起作用是件好事。在一個(gè)多元化的社會里，人們的觀點(diǎn)總是不同的。反對者不但應(yīng)該被容許，而且還應(yīng)該得到尊重和鼓勵。這么做對我們自己也有好處。

It is a good thing to have NGOs at work.In a pluralistic society, people’s views are bound to differ.Opposition should not only be allowed, but also be respected and encouraged.It is also to our advantage to do this.5.政府的過度投資意味著很多國有銀行的貸款不可能得到償還。這些呆賬最后就會導(dǎo)致金融危機(jī)。

Government’s over-investment means that many state bank loans will not be repaired and these bad debts will finally lead to a financial crisis.6.現(xiàn)在有一種提供給大學(xué)生的特別貸款。那些無法交納學(xué)費(fèi)的學(xué)生都可以從中獲益。

Special bank loans are now available to university students.Those who can’t pay for their education can benefit from these loans.7.他在結(jié)束講話時(shí)說，他們一結(jié)束調(diào)查就向安理會報(bào)告。他堅(jiān)信，企圖用大規(guī)模的屠殺來維持一個(gè)國家的統(tǒng)治是注定要失敗的。

He ended his speech by saying that as soon as they concluded their investigation they would report to the Security Council.He firmly believed that any attempt to maintain the rulers of a country in power using mass killing was destined to fail.8.她將經(jīng)香港飛往印度去和印度政府簽訂一個(gè)新的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)協(xié)議。She will fly to India by way of Hong Kong to conclude a new agreement on the protection of intellectual property rights with the Indian government.9.根據(jù)這些理由，我們只能得出他們在蓄意制造事端的結(jié)論，所以我們決定立即召回大使以示抗議。

Bases on these reasons, we could only come to the conclusion that they were out to make trouble.Therefore, we decided to recall our ambassador immediately by way of protest.1.英雄是具有非凡品質(zhì)的人。

Heroes are people who have unusual qualities.(Better: Heroes are people with unusual qualities)2.名流是因媒體炒作而出名的那些人。

Celebrities are people who become famous because of publicity through the media.3.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是一個(gè)能把全世界的計(jì)算機(jī)連在一起的系統(tǒng)。

The Internet is a system that connects computers throughout the world.4.歐陽教授說好教師是那種竭盡所能，使學(xué)生不依賴自己的人。

Professor Ouyang says that a good teacher is one who does all he/she can to make himself/herself unnecessary for the students.5.不能共患難的（fair-weather）的朋友是當(dāng)你已有困難就立即拋棄你的那種人。A fair-weather friend is one who will desert you as soon as you are in trouble.6.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)是一門被定義為研究商品和服務(wù)的生產(chǎn)、分配和消費(fèi)的社會科學(xué)。Economics is defined as the social science that deals with the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.7.一個(gè)空想革命者是只高談革命卻不將之付諸實(shí)踐的人。

An armchair revolutionary is one who talks about revolution but doesn’t put what he says into practice.8.國際貨幣基金組織是聯(lián)合國內(nèi)的一個(gè)涉及貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的機(jī)構(gòu)。

The International Monetary Fund is the organization within the United Nations which is concerned with trade and economic development.9.閃盤或U盤是一個(gè)能用來存儲從電腦獲取的資料并能將其移動到另一個(gè)電腦上的小設(shè)備。

The flash or USB drive is a small memory that can be used to store data from a computer and to move it from one computer to another.10.寫微博是一種在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上定期發(fā)送短信息、照片或視頻是人們不斷了解你的活動和思想的行為。

Microblogging is defined as the activity in which you send regular short messages, photos or videos over the Internet to keep people informed about your activities and thoughts.

第四篇：現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀3課后翻譯

Lesson One

P.16 4.Translation.1)She intends to apply for that academic position.2)He is so devoted to his research that the idea that he will soon have to retire never occurs to him.3)Many people have observed that, without effective checks, we have a tendency to abuse our power.4)Students must observe carefully how good writers use words.5)Some countries refuse to get involved in this dispute and they resent any foreign interference.6)How do you think we should handle the drug problem? 7)According to the agreement, all business policies should apply to everybody without any prejudice.8)The control of the sand storms will involve a tremendous amount of work and money.9)You have to take into consideration the local conditions when you apply these technologies.10)All applicants will have to fill out this form and mail in an application fee of 50 dollars.11)Based on his careful observation of children’s behavior he came to the conclusion that learning is a natural pleasure.12)In a country of many nationalities, ethnic harmony requires very careful handling.13)The government is determined to punish all the corrupt officials involved.14)Cheating at exams does not occur very often.But when it does, the school takes a very tough potion.Lesson Three

P.77 3.Translation.1)The mission was put off minutes before the rocket was launched.2)Scientists are trying to develop a more effective way of using solar energy.3)Sport is important because it concerns the health of the people of a nation, and not because it is a profitable business.4)The project was launched last year, and when it is completed we can bring the gas from the west to the east.5)The survival of a company depends on how fast it can develop new products to meet the needs of the market.6)He developed a theory that human progress has been largely due to cooperation rather than competition.7)For many people in China who used to worry every day where their next meal was to come from, today their biggest concern is being overweight.8)It is believed that they will launch an attack sooner or later.It is only a matter of 9)10)11)12)13)14)15)16)17)time.Ok, you make me an offer.How much would you pay? One lesson we have drawn from the 20th century is that human resources are more important than natural resources in the development of a nation.Many teachers are concerned about a lack of communal spirit among some young people.It was a very generous offer.He said that he would pay me $ 100, 000 a year as personnel manager.Today the corruption problem has become a matter of international concern.She suddenly walked out of the room without offering any explanation.These tough competitions can drive young people crazy.I’m sorry I can’t let you use my car now.I have to drive my wife to the airport.What he said the other day sounded very vague.I don’t really know what he was driving at.Lesson Seven

P.209 3.Translation.1)Our school sports meet is due to take place next Saturday.2)Due to the repeated floods and droughts, farming has been very unstable in this area.3)She suddenly realized that their rent was due the next day.4)They finally identified the object flying due north as a swan.5)Many people believe that in due course Chinese farmers will learn to compete successfully in international markets.6)With due respect, I don’t think we should adopt a wait-and-see policy.7)According to this agreement, the two countries should inform each other of their major military actions.8)He was criticized because he did not take immediate action when he was informed that the submarine had sunk.9)Although he had lived in this little hut all his life, Zhu Geliang was extremely well-informed.10)During the “Cultural Revolution”, people were not only encouraged but also forced to inform on each other.11)At that time scholars strongly advised us to preserve the city wall.But we were not far-sighted enough to adopt their proposal.12)To see how he loved his mother, you would never guess that he was adopted.13)This classical novel describes a group of people in the Song dynasty, who, like Robin Hood, robbed the rich to help the poor.14)They robbed her of everything she had and threw her out of the car.15)Don’t ever reach out for things that do not belong to you, because sooner or later you will be caught.16)Our goal is to build a society that is rich, free and just.But we can’t reach that destination without pain and suffering.17)I had a terrible dream.I dreamed that I was running after something I wanted.But it was always beyond my reach.18)At that time, Cao Cao believed that final victory was within his easy reach.He didn’t know that a terrible defeat was waiting for him.Lesson Ten

P.301 3.Translation.1)How do you account for his strange behavior? 2)Let’s form a circle so that we can see each other when we talk.3)He appointed five people to handle the case.4)She claims to possess an unusual ability — the ability to cure disease simply by her magic hand.5)In the story, this evil spirit often appeared in the form of a pretty lady.6)Where can I get a roll of film?

7)He rolled up the painting and said that he wouldn’t part with it for anything less than half a million.8)A woman lawyer has been recently appointed to the Supreme Court.9)Poverty alone cannot account for the increase of the crime rate.10)A big stone suddenly rolled down the hill.11)He just rolled his eyes philosophically and smiled.12)Let’s roll up our sleeves and start working.13)He hoped that he would be appointed(as)the deputy general manager.14)Just give us a brief account of what actually happened.15)The police found a lot of valuables in his possession which he could not account for.16)Our two countries should never fight again on any account.Lesson Eleven P.329 3.Translation.1)Building a house is no joking a matter.You have to check carefully at every step.2)His troops successfully checked the advance of enemy.3)I really wanted to refute his argument, but I checked myself because I thought it was not the right occasion.4)Are you sure that we can trust him? I think we ought to check it up on him.5)Our original intention was to check into a hotel, but our friend insisted that we should stay at his place.6)Rachel Carson devoted all her life to the cause of environmental protection.7)They are devoted to each other.Nothing can separate them.8)He devoted a whole chapter to this subject in his recently published book.9)This reservoir can hold two billion cubic meters of water.10)At that time, we all held our breath.You can hear a pin drop.11)Diogenes held the view that the property people hold does not really bring happiness.12)He did not intend his discovery to be used for war purposes.13)These colorful clothes are intended for the African market.14)Today there are so many cars in the streets.I’d rather walk than drive.It’s quicker.15)He would rather die standing on his feet than live on his knees.16)You can use my bike, or rather my wife’s bike.17)I hear that the movie is supposed to be a hit.But I must confess I think it is rather silly.4

第五篇：現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀4UNIT1翻譯及課后答案

UNIT1

思考作為一種嗜好

當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，我就得出了思考分三種等級的結(jié)論。后來思考成了嗜好，我進(jìn)而得出了一個(gè)更加離奇的結(jié)論，那就是：我自己根本不會思考。

第一個(gè)把思考這個(gè)問題帶到我面前的是我文法學(xué)校的校長。他的辦公室里有一些小雕像。就在他書桌后面一個(gè)高高的櫥柜上面。其中一位女士除了一條浴巾外一絲不掛。她好象被永遠(yuǎn)地凍結(jié)在對浴巾再往下滑的恐懼中了。而不幸的是她沒有手臂，所以無法把浴巾拉上來。在她的身邊蜷伏著一頭美洲豹，好象隨時(shí)都會往下跳到檔案櫥柜最上層的抽屜上去。在豹子的另一邊端坐著一個(gè)健碩的裸體男子，他手肘支在膝頭，手握拳托著腮幫子，全然一副痛苦不堪的樣子。

過了一些時(shí)候，我對這些雕像有了一些了解。才知道校長把它們放在正對著犯錯的孩子的位置是因?yàn)閷πｉL來說這些雕像象征著整個(gè)生命。那位裸體的女士是維納絲。她象征著愛。她不是在為浴巾擔(dān)心，而是忙著顯示美麗。美洲豹象征著自然，它在那里顯得很自然而已。那位健碩的裸體男子并不痛苦，他是洛丁的思索者，一個(gè)純粹思索的象征。

我想我得解釋一下，我是校長辦公室的?？?，為我最近做過或者沒做的事情。用現(xiàn)在的話來說我是不堪教化的。甚至還不如說，我是頑劣不羈，頭腦迷糊的。每次在校長桌前接受處罰，那些雕像在他上方白晃晃地耀眼時(shí)，我就會垂下頭，在身后緊扣雙手，兩只鞋不停地蹭來蹭去。

校長看著我然后說，“我們該拿你怎么辦呢？”

哦，他們要拿我怎么辦呢？我盯著舊地毯更狠命地蹂躪我的鞋。

“抬起頭來，孩子！你就不能抬起頭來嗎？”

然后我就會抬起頭來看櫥柜，看著裸體女士被凍結(jié)在恐懼中，健碩的男子無限憂郁地凝視著獵豹的后腿。我跟校長沒什么好說的。他的鏡片反光，所以我看不到鏡片后面有什么人性的東西，所以沒有交流的可能。

“你從來都不動腦筋思考的嗎？”

不，我不思考，剛才沒思考，也不會思考——我只是在痛苦地等待接見結(jié)束。

“那你最好學(xué)一學(xué) —— 你學(xué)了嗎？”

有一次，校長跳起身來伸手取下洛丁的杰作重重地放在我面前的桌上。

“一個(gè)人真正在思考的時(shí)候是這個(gè)樣子的。”

顯然我是缺了點(diǎn)什么。大自然賦予其余的所有的人第六感覺卻獨(dú)獨(dú)漏掉了我。我像那些生來耳聾卻決意苦苦尋求聲音的人一樣觀察著我的老師們，想要了解思想。

那時(shí)有位豪頓先生，他總是要我思考。他帶著謙遜的滿足告訴我他自己就動過一點(diǎn)腦筋思索過。那么他為什么花那么多時(shí)間酗酒？莫非酗酒其實(shí)比外表看起來更有意義？而如果不是這樣，酗酒事實(shí)上損害健康 —— 豪格先生無疑被酒毀了的 —— 那他為什么還成天談?wù)摷儍舻纳钜约靶迈r空氣的好處？

有時(shí)候講到興頭上，他會從講臺上跳下來，把我們一窩蜂地趕到外頭凜冽的風(fēng)中去。

“現(xiàn)在，孩子們！深呼吸！感覺上帝創(chuàng)造的美好氣流直接進(jìn)入你們的體內(nèi)！”

他會站在我們面前，叉著腰，深深地吸一口氣。他會你能聽到風(fēng)被他的胸腔堵住，遇到障礙物艱難前進(jìn)發(fā)出的聲音。他的身體因?yàn)椴涣?xí)慣這樣的感覺而搖搖晃晃，臉色變得慘白。他會步履蹣跚地走回講臺，然后癱軟在那里，一個(gè)上午都緩不過勁來。

豪頓先生喜歡發(fā)表關(guān)于美好的、清心寡欲、盡職盡責(zé)生活的獨(dú)白。但是在發(fā)表這些獨(dú)白的間隙，如果有個(gè)女孩經(jīng)過窗前，他的脖子就會不由自主地扭轉(zhuǎn)過去，一直目送她走出視線之外。在這種情況下，我認(rèn)為他不是受思想，而是受他后頸里某個(gè)看不到卻無法抗拒的發(fā)條的控制。

我對于他的脖子十分感興趣。通常它在領(lǐng)口上方稍稍凸出。但是豪頓先生在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中曾經(jīng)和美國人和法國人并肩作戰(zhàn)，而且對兩個(gè)國家都深惡痛絕。無論這兩個(gè)國家中哪一個(gè)在時(shí)事中表現(xiàn)突出，他都對它沒有好感，任何論證都無法說服他。他會捶著桌子，脖子脹紅：“你愛怎么說怎么說，”他會叫道：“但是我已經(jīng)想過這個(gè)問題了，而且我知道我想什么！”

豪頓先生用他的脖子思考。

我要對我的老師們進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析是為了介紹一下通常被稱為思想的本質(zhì)。通過他們我發(fā)現(xiàn)思考通常是充滿了無意識的偏見、無知和虛偽的。在訓(xùn)誡無私的純真的時(shí)候它的脖子卻為了短裙而執(zhí)意扭曲。從技術(shù)上而言，它嫻熟如同商人玩高爾夫，誠實(shí)如同政客的意圖，或者有條理如同大多數(shù)寫出來的書。這就是后來被我稱作第三等級的思考，雖然事實(shí)上稱它為感覺更為恰當(dāng)。

誠然，偏見里是有無辜的成分，但是在那時(shí)我對第三等級的思考的態(tài)度是毫不寬容的蔑視和不假思索的嘲笑。我以駁斥一位憎恨德國人卻主張愛我們的敵人的虔誠女士為樂。她讓我懂得了和第三等級思考者打交道的一個(gè)重大的真理。因?yàn)樗?，我不再輕易地拒絕百分之九十的人可能經(jīng)歷過的精神過程。他們高度地團(tuán)結(jié)一致。我們最好尊重他們，因?yàn)槲覀兲幱谒麄兊陌鼑?，勢單力薄。一大堆第三等級的思考者，眾口一詞，借著自己的偏見溫暖雙手，他們是不會感激你指出他們信仰中的矛盾的。人是一種愛群居的動物，就象牛喜歡沿著山坡的同一條道路吃草一樣喜愛共識。

第二個(gè)等級的思考是對于矛盾的覺察。二級思考者不輕易人云亦云，盡管常常會犯另一個(gè)錯，落在后面。第二等級思考是一種警醒狀態(tài)下的退縮，因?yàn)榈诙燃壦伎季哂衅茐膮s沒有創(chuàng)造的能力。它讓我在冷眼看著人群為國王陛下歡呼的時(shí)候覺得這樣的喧囂不知所謂，卻沒有提供什么可以替代這樣強(qiáng)烈愛國精神。但是這樣的思考還是有好處的。聽人們以狐貍喜歡這樣的待遇為理由為他們捕獵狐貍。聽我們的女首相談?wù)撏ㄟ^逮捕尼赫魯和甘地這樣的人跟印度協(xié)商的好處，美國政客們可以剛談完和平轉(zhuǎn)身就拒絕加入國際聯(lián)盟的時(shí)候，是的，還是有令人高興的時(shí)刻的。

但是，當(dāng)我漸漸長大，進(jìn)入青春期以后，我不得不承認(rèn)豪頓先生不是唯一一個(gè)無法抗拒脖子里的發(fā)條的人。我也一樣感覺到了強(qiáng)大的自然之手的力量，開始發(fā)現(xiàn)指出矛盾有可能代價(jià)昂貴，也可能是有趣的。比如說，曾經(jīng)有個(gè)嚴(yán)肅而迷人的姑娘，她的名字叫露絲。那個(gè)時(shí)候我是一個(gè)無神論者，她是一個(gè)衛(wèi)理會會派教徒。但是，呵呵，露絲沒有用圣靈的精神來轉(zhuǎn)化我，而是愚蠢地用她可愛的小嘴試圖說服我。她聲稱圣經(jīng)（詹姆士國王版）逐字逐句都是得到啟示而來的。我反駁說天主教徒信仰圣杰羅姆的拉丁文圣經(jīng)，而這兩本書是不同的。爭論頓時(shí)卡殼了。

最后她說有那么多衛(wèi)理會會派教徒，他們不可能是錯的，幾百萬的人都錯了，可能嗎？這太簡單了，我倔強(qiáng)地說（你越接近露絲，她就越好接近），羅馬天主教徒也為數(shù)眾多，他們也不可能是錯的，他們有幾億人，可能都錯了嗎？她眼中撲閃著疑慮。我伸手?jǐn)堖^她的腰屏住呼吸低聲說，如果算人數(shù)，我該捐錢給佛教徒。露絲溜掉了，我的手臂加上那些數(shù)不勝數(shù)的佛教徒實(shí)在讓她無法忍受了。

那天晚上，她父親來拜訪我父親，走的時(shí)候一副面紅耳赤，義憤填膺的樣子。我為發(fā)生過的事情受到了盤問。我失去了露絲，卻冤枉地?fù)?dān)上了準(zhǔn)浪子的名聲。

第二等級思考雖然讓生活充滿了樂趣和興奮，卻無法令人滿足。尋找比我們年長的人的缺陷助長了年輕的自我，卻無法讓人覺得安全。它帶著游泳者離開岸游了一段距離，然后把他留在那里，束手無策。本丟.彼拉多就是典型的第二等級思考者。“什么是真理？”他問道，一種十分常見卻總出現(xiàn)在爭論的末尾而不是開頭的第二等級思考者。還有更高一級的思索問過“什么是真理？”后就開始去尋找它。

但這些第一等級思考者是十分罕見的。他們沒有親自來我的文法學(xué)校但卻藏在書籍里。我向往他們是因?yàn)槲倚坌牟驗(yàn)槲椰F(xiàn)在發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的嗜好如果不能更進(jìn)一步就不能令人滿意。如果你出發(fā)去爬山，不論你爬了多高，只要沒到頂就不算成功。

我也可以成為第一等級思考者的。即使在人生最得意的時(shí)候我也是心無掛礙、玩世不恭的。政治和宗教系統(tǒng)、社會風(fēng)俗、忠誠和傳統(tǒng)，都象腐爛的蘋果紛紛從樹上掉落下來。最后我想出了為第一等級思考辯護(hù)永遠(yuǎn)的理由。我設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)連貫的生活體系。這是一個(gè)道德體系，完全合乎邏輯的道德體系。當(dāng)然，我很樂意承認(rèn)，要世界按我的思考方式轉(zhuǎn)化將是困難的，因?yàn)槲业捏w系廢除了諸如大公司、中央政府、軍隊(duì)、婚姻等等之類的瑣事。

又是露絲的問題。我曾有一些很要好的朋友站在我這邊，他們現(xiàn)在仍然站在我這邊。但是我的熟人都不見了，帶著他們的女孩子消失了。姑娘們好象對世界的現(xiàn)狀出奇的滿意。有一個(gè)在皇家海軍當(dāng)下等兵的年輕人，對于不要大公司和婚姻樂意之至，但是一聽我提議要一個(gè)沒有戰(zhàn)艦的世界時(shí)他的脖子跟豪頓先生一樣脹得通紅。

游戲太過火了？它還是游戲嗎？在戰(zhàn)前的那段日子，為了這個(gè)嗜好我固執(zhí)地失去了很多東西。

現(xiàn)在你一定指望我描述我如何認(rèn)識到了我自己路線的荒謬回到溫暖的小巢了吧，回到那偏見常常被稱為忠誠，無謂的行為因?yàn)橹貜?fù)被神圣化為風(fēng)俗的小巢里，滿足于把感覺說成思考。

但是，你錯了。我把我的嗜好變成了職業(yè)。

More Work on the Text ⅡVocabulary 1.Translate.(P17)1)From English into Chinese．（1）a bath towel ——浴巾

（2）a grammar school——小學(xué)

（3）the eternal truth——永恒的真理（4）a filing cabinet——文件柜（5）utter nonsense——純屬沒道理（6）delinquent behavior——違規(guī)行為（7）a frequent visitor(to)——?？停?）fresh air——新鮮空氣（9）high-minded monologue——一個(gè)人唱高調(diào)（10）a settled view——不變的觀點(diǎn)（11）current affairs——時(shí)事

（12）a physical impediment——身體障礙（13）a hideous wind——凜冽的風(fēng)

（14）a hideous sight——令人厭惡的景象（15）a speech impediment——言語障礙

（16）heady patriotism——使人熱血沸騰的愛國熱情（17）the remorseless invaders——無情的入侵者（18）the Prime Minister——首相

（19）the League of Nations——國際聯(lián)盟（20）a mental process——思維過程

（21）a coherent article——條理清楚的文章

（22）a coherent system——思路清晰連貫的體系（23）a proficient interpreter——一位口譯好手（24）an irresistible trend——不可阻擋的趨勢（25）rotten apples——爛了的蘋果

（26）literally inspired——文字上受到啟示的（27）a nodding acquaintance——點(diǎn)頭之交

2)From Chinese into English.（1）低頭——to sink one’s head（2）使船沉沒——to sink the ship（3）思考生命的意義——to contemplate the meaning of life（4）讓陽光一下照著——to catch the light（5）毀了一個(gè)人的身體——to ruin one’s health（6）毀了國家——to ruin the country（7）猛敲桌子——to bang the desk（8）扮演一個(gè)重要的角色——to play a prominent role（9）占有重要的位置——to hold a prominent position（10）一個(gè)虔誠的佛教徒——a pious Buddhist（11）獲得一種名聲——to gain a reputation（12）滿足一個(gè)人的虛榮心——to satisfy one’s ego（13）疲勞詢問；嚴(yán)刑逼供——to give sb the third degree（14）發(fā)明一種教學(xué)法——to devise a teaching method（15）在某人手中悄悄塞一支槍——to slide a gun into sb’s hand

4.Translate.(P18)1)我知道,不管發(fā)生什么,我都可以指望我的兄弟會支持我。

I knew I could expect my brother to stand by me whatever happened.2)一般情況下,年輕人總是對現(xiàn)在和將來更有興趣。As a general rule, young people tend to be more interested in the present and the future.3)如果他們雙方不妥協(xié),就都會遭損。Both sides will stand to lose if they do not compromise.4)我們希望使我們的全部課程和教材都成為一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的整體。

It is our hope to make all the courses and teaching materials integrated.5)中國的書面文字一直是國家完整統(tǒng)一的一個(gè)重要因素。

The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating our nation.6)在中國的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)中,竹子往往代表道德上的正直、剛正不阿。In traditional Chinese art, the bamboo often stands for moral integrity and uprightness.7)絕大多數(shù)人都贊成深化改革。

The great majority of the people stand for further reform.8)伊麗莎白一世女王統(tǒng)治英國45年。在她統(tǒng)治期間,國家十分繁榮昌盛。Queen Elizabeth the First ruled England for 45 years, and the country prospered under her rule.9)真理一開始總是掌握在少數(shù)人手里。這是一般的規(guī)律。

The truth is always in the hands of a small minority at first.That's the rule.10)民主意味著由多數(shù)人來治理,但是少數(shù)人反對的權(quán)利仍然得到尊重。這兩條基本規(guī)則同等重要。

Democracy means that the majority rules , but the minority’s right to disagree is also respected.These two basic rules are of equal importance.11)一個(gè)國家不可能強(qiáng)大,除非她不但地理上是一個(gè)整體,而且經(jīng)濟(jì)上,政治上和文化上都是一個(gè)很好的整體。

A nation cannot be strong unless it is well-integrated economically, politically and culturally as well as geographically.12)那次晚會很乏味,所以她悄悄溜出房間回家了。

The party was boring, so she slipped out of the room and went home.13)路很泥濘,他一滑掉進(jìn)了河里。

The road was muddy.He slipped and fell into the river.14)有一天,我因?yàn)槠飘a(chǎn)正在一家飯館力借酒澆愁,他突然過來把一疊鈔票悄悄塞進(jìn)我手里。

One day I was drowning my sorrows in a restaurant because I was broke when he came and slipped a roll of money into my hand.15)佛羅里達(dá)州的法院裁決,票數(shù)需要重新統(tǒng)計(jì)。

The Court of Florida ruled that it was necessary to recount the votes.16)認(rèn)為太陽繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)的觀點(diǎn)統(tǒng)治了古代學(xué)術(shù)界達(dá)一千多年。

The idea that the sun moves round the earth ruled ancient scholars for more than a thousand years.17)這些胡同是構(gòu)成老北京的完整的一部分。

These hutongs are an integral part of old Beijing.18)日子一天天過去,可是我仍然沒有多少進(jìn)步。Days slipped by and I still had not made much progress.19)他怕犯錯,每個(gè)字都仔細(xì)推敲。

He weighed every word carefully lest he should make a mistake.20)她的身體糟糕到了冬天都不敢見太陽,免得中暑。

Her health was such that she wound not go out in the sun even in winter lest she get sun-stroke.