第一篇：上海英語(yǔ)中級(jí)口譯完全自學(xué)通過(guò)心得(筆試部分)

中口考試分為兩階段。第一階段筆試，一般在每年3月和9月中旬周日下午，時(shí)間150分鐘，總分250分。共分四部分：

第一部分聽(tīng)力90分，分為三部分，均為30分。Part A是復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，20個(gè)空，跟四六級(jí)考試有點(diǎn)類似，但區(qū)別在于全文只能聽(tīng)一遍，每個(gè)空要填2-4個(gè)單詞，語(yǔ)速大約130詞/分。Part B是聽(tīng)力理解，包括單句理解，長(zhǎng)對(duì)話和短文。單句理解就是從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中找出和所聽(tīng)到的句子意思最接近的一個(gè)，長(zhǎng)對(duì)話和短文與四六級(jí)差不多。Part C是聽(tīng)譯，分為單句聽(tīng)譯和篇章聽(tīng)譯，都是英譯漢，即聽(tīng)力放英語(yǔ)句子和文章，然后留出一段時(shí)間，考生寫(xiě)出漢語(yǔ)翻譯。

第二部分閱讀60分，六篇文章，每篇文章后5個(gè)選擇題。

第三部分英譯漢50分，第四部分漢譯英50分，要求考生不借助任何詞典、參考資料和其它媒介，將一篇長(zhǎng)度為180個(gè)單詞（漢字）左右的英（漢）語(yǔ)文章段落譯成漢（英）語(yǔ)。譯文需忠實(shí)原文的意思，且語(yǔ)言通順，符合譯語(yǔ)規(guī)范。

合格為150分。凡第一階段合格的考生方可參加第二階段口試。筆試成績(jī)兩年內(nèi)有效，即筆試通過(guò)后可以參加四次口試，只要任何一次通過(guò)即可拿到口譯證書(shū)。

第二階段口試，每年5月和11月，共分兩部分：口語(yǔ)與口譯?？谡Z(yǔ)部分要求考生就指定話題作三分鐘左右的命題發(fā)言，話題后面有三個(gè)提示問(wèn)題，但不要求一定要按照問(wèn)題闡述觀點(diǎn)?？忌玫娇谡Z(yǔ)試題后有五分鐘的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間?？谧g分英譯漢和漢譯英兩部分，每部分均要求口譯主題各不相同的兩個(gè)段落。各兩段，每段四斷，每斷兩或三句，每斷單獨(dú)評(píng)分。答對(duì)11句及以上可以通過(guò)。

考生只有在通過(guò)筆試和口試兩個(gè)階段以后才能獲得《上海市英語(yǔ)中級(jí)口譯崗位資格證書(shū)》。

考試的指定培訓(xùn)教材：《中級(jí)聽(tīng)力教程》（周?chē)?guó)強(qiáng)編著），《中級(jí)閱讀教程》（陳漢生編著），《中級(jí)翻譯教程》（孫萬(wàn)彪、馮慎宇編著），《中級(jí)口語(yǔ)教程》（嚴(yán)誠(chéng)忠、朱妙南編著），《中級(jí)口譯教程》（梅德明編著），均由上海外語(yǔ)教育出版社出版。聽(tīng)力和口譯教程配有磁帶，mp3網(wǎng)上可以下載到。

推薦參考書(shū)：《中級(jí)口譯真題解析》，同濟(jì)大學(xué)出版社，內(nèi)有八套真題并配有詳細(xì)解析，必買(mǎi)；新東方口試考試培訓(xùn)班指定輔導(dǎo)用書(shū)系列，汪海濤、邱政政主編，世界圖書(shū)出版公司，一套四本，中口用到《詞匯必備》，《口試備考精要》和《中口筆試備考精要》三本；《英語(yǔ)中級(jí)口譯實(shí)用教程》，康志峰主編，華東理工大學(xué)出版社；《英語(yǔ)中高級(jí)口譯筆試沖刺》和《口試導(dǎo)考》，都是譚寶泉編著，前者是上海譯文出版社，后者是東華大學(xué)出版社；《實(shí)戰(zhàn)口譯》，（英）林超倫編著，外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社，講口譯速記符號(hào)的。

網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源：上海外語(yǔ)口譯考試網(wǎng)（004km.cn），南京報(bào)名點(diǎn)；口譯資料無(wú)限網(wǎng)（004km.cn），海量資料下載，而且是免費(fèi)的，不過(guò)最近沒(méi)有更新了；滬江口譯（tr.hjenglish.com），上面有新東方、昂立等著名培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)教師的博客；美國(guó)之音mp3下載（004km.cn/en/voa/），美國(guó)之音是練習(xí)泛聽(tīng)的良好材料；上海新東方論壇（004km.cn/index.php），這個(gè)我上的不多，大家有興趣自己看看。

二、如何準(zhǔn)備筆試

分為背單詞、教程學(xué)習(xí)和真題演練三個(gè)階段。如果目的只是通過(guò)考試而不是提高能力什么的，那么一切都要圍繞考試展開(kāi)。也許考生里不乏有人衷心熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)的英漢翻譯事業(yè)，但我想大多數(shù)人還是像我一樣想混張證書(shū)以后找工作增加點(diǎn)籌碼。

1.背單詞

單詞是肯定要背的?？谧g的準(zhǔn)備一般從寒假開(kāi)始，這時(shí)離你四六級(jí)考試或英語(yǔ)期末考試結(jié)束已經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間了，背單詞可以喚醒你喪失的英語(yǔ)記憶。而且上面也提到口譯單詞涉及到諸多方面，其中絕大部分都是具有中國(guó)特色、與我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段國(guó)情緊密相關(guān)的，社會(huì)實(shí)用性很強(qiáng)，這些都是大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)所欠缺的。有些單詞你可能以前都沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)，通過(guò)背單詞，可以初步了解口譯考試的考點(diǎn)。

我用的是新東方的《中/高級(jí)口譯考試詞匯必備》，這也是迄今為止我所知道的最好的口譯單詞書(shū)。它打破了單詞書(shū)按字母順序編寫(xiě)的常規(guī)，將口譯常用單詞和詞組分為若干類，既有英譯中，也有中譯英，充分考慮了口譯的雙向性。所選內(nèi)容除了來(lái)自教程外，還參考了國(guó)內(nèi)外多種資料和媒體，很多翻譯（特別是對(duì)外口徑）都是“權(quán)威”表達(dá)。

背單詞點(diǎn)到為止，千萬(wàn)不要花太多時(shí)間，畢竟考試不是考默寫(xiě)單詞。我不理解為什么很多人準(zhǔn)備四六級(jí)考試都是天天捧著一本單詞書(shū)寫(xiě)寫(xiě)劃劃的，我記得自己當(dāng)時(shí)單詞就看了兩遍，還是當(dāng)小說(shuō)看的那種。另外這本單詞書(shū)有不少是高口，甚至高口都考不到的詞匯，中口階段沒(méi)有必要去記。對(duì)常用單詞有個(gè)印象即可，注上音標(biāo)和漢語(yǔ)意思。

2.教程學(xué)習(xí)

同理，教程也沒(méi)必要花太多時(shí)間。通過(guò)對(duì)題型的分析可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，口譯考試聽(tīng)力部分的長(zhǎng)對(duì)話和短文、閱讀部分跟以前的考試完全相同，單句理解和短對(duì)話有共通之處，不同的只有聽(tīng)譯和翻譯。對(duì)應(yīng)到教程上就是聽(tīng)力教程的聽(tīng)譯部分和翻譯教程。

翻譯教程應(yīng)該好好研讀。我的復(fù)習(xí)程序是：英譯漢：自己認(rèn)真翻譯一遍，閱讀英語(yǔ)原文，查生詞，注上音標(biāo)和漢語(yǔ)意思；看注釋；對(duì)照英語(yǔ)原文和參考譯文，體會(huì)翻譯方法，劃重點(diǎn)；對(duì)比自己譯文和所給譯文，補(bǔ)劃重點(diǎn)。漢譯英：自己翻譯；看英語(yǔ)翻譯，查生詞，注音標(biāo)和漢語(yǔ)意思；看注解，對(duì)照原文和所給譯文，體會(huì)翻譯方法，劃重點(diǎn)；對(duì)比自己譯文和所給譯文，補(bǔ)劃重點(diǎn)。如果覺(jué)得將漢語(yǔ)翻譯成英語(yǔ)有困難或者時(shí)間不夠的話也可以直接看原文和所給譯文。

聽(tīng)譯部分很多都講了影子訓(xùn)練法和速記符號(hào)，具體的大家可以上網(wǎng)查。我個(gè)人覺(jué)得都沒(méi)有必要學(xué)，聽(tīng)譯30分只占總分的1/8還不到，而且你不可能一分拿不到，只要有一定聽(tīng)力基礎(chǔ)的一般至少10分。所以我覺(jué)得沒(méi)有必要刻意去訓(xùn)練，放到真題中演練就可以了。事實(shí)上我一直到口試通過(guò)了都沒(méi)有學(xué)速記符號(hào)，只要字寫(xiě)得快點(diǎn)自己還能認(rèn)得，短期記憶也不是過(guò)目就忘，就直接全部記下來(lái)好了。試想一下，強(qiáng)行學(xué)了符號(hào)，上考場(chǎng)一緊張你還能記得多少？聽(tīng)到單詞第一反應(yīng)不是記下來(lái)而是想該用哪個(gè)符號(hào)代替，聽(tīng)力稍瞬即逝，這種二次讀取記憶往往很危險(xiǎn)。

三、分項(xiàng)突破

復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)很多人都反映文章能聽(tīng)懂但就是單詞記不下來(lái)。聽(tīng)力基本功最重要，此外要熟練掌握常用單詞的拼寫(xiě)。因?yàn)樽罱K考察的就是聽(tīng)到單詞后寫(xiě)下來(lái)，所以反應(yīng)一定要快。至少達(dá)到“能基本聽(tīng)懂，根據(jù)上下文意思能正確寫(xiě)出”。可以“鬼畫(huà)符”盡量力求完整的把所有內(nèi)容記下來(lái)，也可以用縮寫(xiě)。上面說(shuō)過(guò)了，根據(jù)個(gè)人情況。如果你速記符號(hào)不是很熟最好用前者。另外，在寫(xiě)字的同時(shí)，耳朵還要繼續(xù)聽(tīng)錄音，眼睛掃視后面的句子，大腦保持高度緊張，才能跟上錄音的速度。

聽(tīng)力理解有一定難度，因?yàn)榭晒├斫獾男畔⒈容^少，只有一句，所以比短對(duì)話難猜。長(zhǎng)對(duì)話和短文跟四六級(jí)差不多。這一部分在聽(tīng)前一定要把選項(xiàng)仔細(xì)讀一遍，至少看完前5個(gè)題目的選項(xiàng)，在聽(tīng)每道題目前再把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)好好讀幾遍，猜出題目大概會(huì)問(wèn)什么，然后通過(guò)聽(tīng)到的關(guān)鍵詞捕捉最有用的信息做出選擇。聽(tīng)譯也是目前國(guó)內(nèi)大部分英語(yǔ)考試中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)過(guò)的題型。這種題目難度主要在于理解和記憶。首先，如果聽(tīng)不懂或判斷錯(cuò)了主題，就只能憑空想象亂寫(xiě)一氣。其次，聽(tīng)懂但轉(zhuǎn)眼就忘了，這可以通過(guò)日常的訓(xùn)練加以解決。影子訓(xùn)練法和速記符號(hào)大家上網(wǎng)去查，在這里我還是建議大家提高一下自己的寫(xiě)字速度和辨認(rèn)能力。我只是在真題中演練了一下，具體方法是：記筆記，在下面寫(xiě)出漢語(yǔ)，句子聽(tīng)譯和短文翻譯以及兩篇短文聽(tīng)譯之間謄抄部分譯句；聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)，看英語(yǔ)原文和所給譯文，體會(huì)翻譯方法，劃重點(diǎn)；對(duì)比自己譯文和所給譯文，劃出漏聽(tīng)詞并注上譯文。

至于閱讀，中口閱讀文章的難度介于四六級(jí)之間，但是時(shí)間緊，這就要求有一定速度和準(zhǔn)確性。建議大家在做閱讀時(shí)爭(zhēng)取一遍完成，不要指望回頭檢查。其實(shí)我當(dāng)時(shí)閱讀考得很差，60分只拿了24分。都說(shuō)閱讀是大頭，我也奇怪自己筆試怎么通過(guò)的。很慚愧所以不能給大家什么指點(diǎn)，好在除了文章長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)外和四六級(jí)大致相同，大家按自己一貫的方法就可以了。

翻譯包括英譯漢和漢譯英，這也是考察語(yǔ)言真實(shí)水平的題目。除了掌握一定的翻譯技巧和方法外，還需要有大量的翻譯實(shí)踐。翻譯題目最好都事先動(dòng)手做一遍，不要以為看看答案就能做得一樣。自己譯完后再對(duì)照答案，看看什么地方理解錯(cuò)誤，什么地方可以翻譯得更好。這就是上面我說(shuō)的要對(duì)照、對(duì)比原文和譯文的原因。至于語(yǔ)言表達(dá)，一定不要強(qiáng)行記憶標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案里很晦澀難懂的翻譯，一切都要以自己原有的行文習(xí)慣為基礎(chǔ)。能使用接近答案的語(yǔ)言當(dāng)然更好，但只要意思能準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)出來(lái)，基本分也能拿到。但萬(wàn)一背下來(lái)的東西到考場(chǎng)上寫(xiě)不出來(lái)，或者不小心犯了語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，分?jǐn)?shù)就全沒(méi)有了。大家一定要記住這一點(diǎn)：筆試只要通過(guò)，成績(jī)高低對(duì)口試沒(méi)有影響。還有就是熟練掌握口譯常用詞匯，要很熟練。相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)英譯漢比漢譯英簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)闈h語(yǔ)是我們的母語(yǔ)，只要英語(yǔ)大致看懂了，總能用漢語(yǔ)把意思表達(dá)出來(lái)。但漢譯英就不同了，笨一點(diǎn)的方法是一一對(duì)應(yīng)，即每個(gè)漢語(yǔ)意思都與一個(gè)固定的英語(yǔ)單詞對(duì)應(yīng)。至于諺語(yǔ)，一般來(lái)說(shuō)中口不太能考到這個(gè)。如果是英語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)，一定要結(jié)合上下文意思，千萬(wàn)不要翻譯得太離譜；漢語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)則領(lǐng)會(huì)大意，用語(yǔ)法正確的英語(yǔ)句子把大致意思表達(dá)出來(lái)就可以了。

四、臨場(chǎng)注意事項(xiàng)

聽(tīng)力的時(shí)間是固定的。試卷上寫(xiě)的是閱讀和翻譯各50分鐘，但我還是建議大家做完聽(tīng)力后就做翻譯，40分鐘搞定，然后做閱讀。萬(wàn)一到最后時(shí)間不夠了選擇題可以蒙，翻譯是一定要寫(xiě)字的。

復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)做完后有約2分鐘的時(shí)間讓你把答案填到答題卷上，先不要把答案抄上去，馬上看聽(tīng)力理解部分選擇題的選項(xiàng)猜題目。單句聽(tīng)譯間隙約45秒，篇章聽(tīng)譯間隙約2分半，做題時(shí)心中有數(shù)。

翻譯首先把文章通讀一遍，理清字句和層次，同時(shí)構(gòu)思翻譯；一定不要全文打文字草稿，因?yàn)闀r(shí)間不夠，個(gè)別長(zhǎng)句和很沒(méi)有把握的句子可以適當(dāng)勾劃；保持卷面整潔，最后寫(xiě)上去的答案不要太亂；最后再把譯文快速檢查一遍。

第二篇：2011年上海中級(jí)口譯筆試試題及部分答案

2011年上海中級(jí)口譯筆試試題及部分答案

Questions 1—5 The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people.According to American law，if someone is accused of a crime，he or she is considered innocent until the court proves that the person is guilty.In other words，it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty.It is not the responsibility of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.In order to arrest a person，the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed.The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law.Then the police take the suspect to the police station to “book” him.“Booking means that the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed at the police station.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge.The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released.If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away—for example，because he owns a house and has a family—he can go free.Otherwise，the suspect must put up bail.At this time，too，the judge will appoint a court layer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later.A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect.This is called a hearing.The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses.The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial.If the judge decides that there is sufficient evidence to call for a trial，he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally plead guilty or not guilty.At the trial，a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both attorneys and hears the testimony of the witnesses.Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime.If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent，he goes free.However，if he is convicted，the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for sentencing.At this time，the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be.The judge may sentence him to prison，order him to pay a fine，or place him on probation.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly.However，every step is designed to protect the rights of the people.These individual rights are the basis，or foundation，of the American government.1.What is the main idea of the passage？

（A）The American court system requires that a suspect prove that he or she is innocent.（B）The US court system is designed to protect the rights of the people.（C）Under the American court system，judge decides if a suspect is innocent or guilty.（D）The US court system is designed to help the police present a case against the suspect.2.What follows ‘in other words’（para.1）？（A）An example of the previous sentence.（B）A new idea about the court system.（C）An item of evidence to call for a trial.（D）A restatement of the previous sentence.3.According to the passage，‘he can go free’（para.3）means _________.（A）the suspect is free to choose a lawyer to defend him（B）the suspect does not have to go to trial because the judge has decided he is innocent（C）the suspect will be informed by mail whether he is innocent or not（D）the suspect does not have to wait in jail or pay money until he goes to trial 4.What is the purpose of having the suspect pay bail？（A）To pay for the judge and the trial.（B）To pay for a court lawyer to defend the suspect.（C）To ensure that the suspect will return to court.（D）To ensure that the suspect will appear in prison.5.According to the passage，which of the following statements is true？

（A）The American justice system sometimes operates slowly.（B）The police can arrest a suspect without giving any reasons.（C）It is the responsibility of the suspect to prove he is innocent.（D）The jury considers the evidence in the court room.Questions 6—10

So you’ve got an invention—you and around 39，000 others each year，according to 2002 statistics！

The 64，000-dollar question，if you have come up with a device which you believe to be the answer to the energy crisis or you’ve invented a lawnmower which cuts grass with a jet of water（not so daft，someone has invented one），is how to ensure you’re the one to reap the rewards of your ingenuity.How will all you garden shed boffins out there keep others from capitalizing on your ideas and lining their pockets at your expense？

One of the first steps to protect your interest is to patent your invention.That can keep it out of the grasp of the pirates for at least the next 20 years.And for this reason inventors in their droves beat a constant trail from all over the country to the doors of an anonymous grey-fronted building just behind London’s Holborn to try and patent their devices.The first ‘letters patent’ were granted as long ago as 1449 to a Flemish craftsman by the name of John Utynam.The letters，written in Latin，are still on file at the office.They were granted by King Henry VI and entitled Utynam to ‘import into this country’ his knowledge of making stained glass windows in order to install such windows at Eton College.Present-day patents procedure is a more sophisticated affair than getting a go-ahead note from the monarch.These days the strict procedures governing whether you get a patent for your revolutionary mouse-trap or solar-powered back-scratcher have been reduced to a pretty exact science.From start to finish it will take around two and a half years and cost ￡165 for the inventor to gain patent protection for his brainchild.That’s if he’s lucky.By no means all who apply to the Patent Office，which is a branch of the Department of Trade，get a patent.A key man at the Patent Office is Bernard Partridge，Principal Examiner（Administration），who boils down to one word the vital ingredient any inventor needs before he can hope to overcome the many hurdles in the complex procedure of obtaining a patent—‘ingenuity’。6.People take out a patent because they want to __________.（A）keep their ideas from being stolen（B）reap the rewards of somebody else’s ingenuity（C）visit the patent office building（D）come up with more new devices 7.The phrase ‘the brain-children of inventors’（para.5）means _________.（A）the children with high intelligence（B）the inventions that people come up with（C）a device that a child believes to be the answer to the energy crisis（D）a lawnmower that an individual has invented to cut grass 8.What have the 1600’s machine gun and the present-day laser in common？

（A）Both were approved by the monarch.（B）Both were granted by King Henry VI.（C）Both were rejected by the Department of Trade.（D）Both were patented.9.Why is John Utynam still remembered？

（A）He is the first person to get a patent for his revolutionary mouse-trap.（B）He is the first person to be granted an official patent.（C）He is the first person to be an officer in the Patent Office.（D）He is the first person to have invented a lawnmower.10.According to the passage，how would you describe the complex procedure of obtaining a patent for an invention？（A）It is rather expensive.（B）It is an impossible task.（C）It is extremely difficult.（D）It is very tricky.Questions 11—15

All living cells on earth require moisture for their metabolism.Cereal grains when brought in from the field，although they may appear to be dry，may contain 20 per cent of moisture or more.If they are stored in a bin thus，there is sufficient moisture in them to support several varieties of insects.These insects will，therefore，live and breed and，as they grow and eat the grain，it provides them with biological energy for their life processes.This energy will，just as in man，become manifest as heat.Since the bulk of the grain acts as an insulator，the temperature surrounding the colony of insects will rise so that，not only is part of the grain spoiled by the direct attack of the insects but more may be damaged by the heat.Sometimes，the temperature may even rise to the point where the stored grain catches fire.For safe storage，grain must be dried until its moisture content is 13 per cent or less.Traditional arts of food preservation took advantage of this principle in a number of ways.The plant seeds，wheat，rye，rice，barley millet，maize，are themselves structures evolved by nature to provi-56We are moving inexorably into the age of automation.Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but，on the contrary，one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.Industrial automation has moved along three lines.First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence.The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker，and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled.Secondly，there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product： here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm，that is，the actual product with what it is supposed to be，and then correct any shortcomings.The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned.One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities.There is a factory in the U.S.A.which makes 1，000 million electric light bulbs a year，and the factory employs three hundred people.If the preautomation techniques were to be employed，the labour force required would leap to 25，000.A motor manufacturing company with 45，000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer.Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations，such as chemical plants or oil refineries.Thirdly，there is computer automation，for banks，accounting departments，insurance companies and the like.Here the essential features are the recording，storing，sorting and retrieval of information.The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort;a task which otherwise might take years，if attempted at all，now takes days or hours.One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers.The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released.We are already seeing straws in the wind： destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength.While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs，are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place？ For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required.A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well.What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker？ How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labor？ Moreover，what，indeed，will be the significance for him of his leisure？ If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness，man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.16.The main purpose of automation is _________.（A）to devise the machine which could replace the semi-skilled（B）to process information as fast as possible（C）to develop an efficient labor-saving mechanism（D）to make an individual man perform many different actions 17.The chief benefit of computing machines is ________.（A）their greater speed of operation（B）their control of the product quality（C）their conveyor belt system of continuous production（D）their supervision of industrial installations 18.One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societies is _________.（A）plenty of information（B）surplus human energy（C）destructive outbursts（D）less leisure time 19.Which of the following best explains the use of ‘stint’（para.4）？

（A）Effort.（B）Force.（C）Excess.（D）Period.20.According to the passage，which of the following statements is true？

（A）There is no automation with feedback control of the quality of the product.（B）Computers are reliable in any supervision of industrial installations.（C）The essential features for banks are the recording and sorting of information.（D）Automation will undoubtedly eliminate numerous tedious jobs.Questions 21—25

The city water pipes in Rome were usually of baked clay or lead;copper was sometimes used and also hollowed stone.For the large supply conduits leading to the city the Romans used covered channels with free water surfaces，rather than pipes.Perhaps this choice was a matter of economics，for apparently they could make lead pipes up to 15 inches in diameter.While pipes can follow the profile of undulating ground，with the pressure increasing in the lower areas，channels cannot.They must slope continuously downwards，because water in channels does not normally flow uphill;and the grade must be flat，from 1 in 60 in small channels to perhaps 1 in 3，000 in large ones，to keep the water speed down to a few feet per second.Thus the main supply channels or aqueducts had long lengths of flat grade and where they crossed depressions or valleys they were carried on elevated stone bridges in the form of tiered arches.At the beginning of the Christian era there were over 30 miles of these raised aqueducts in the 250 miles of channels and tunnels bringing water to Rome.The channels were up to 6 feet wide and 5 to 8 feet high.Sometimes channels were later added on the tops of existing ones.The remains of some of these aqueducts still grace the skyline on the outskirts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe similar ruins are found.Brick and stone drains were constructed in various parts of Rome.The oldest existing one is the Cloaca Maxima which follows the course of an old stream.It dates back at least to the third century B.C.Late-101112（A）People believed that spacecraft would be destroyed in a black hole.（B）People believed that spacecraft would be misguided by missiles.（C）People believed that spacecraft would be collided with a star.（D）People believed that spacecraft would be damaged by meteorites.29.What is the greatest danger to life on Earth？（A）Collision with small high-speed missiles.（B）Collision with an astronomical body.（C）Collision with stones from the sky.（D）Collision with spacecrafts.30.According to the passage，which of the following statements is true？

（A）Our galaxy contains great interstellar dust clouds.（B）Near misses of bodies smaller than our own planet could be disastrous.（C）The probability of collision with a large astronomical body is very high.（D）The chances of anyone actually being hit by missiles are very high.SECTION 3： TRANSLATION TEST（30 minutes）

Directions： Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.The culture of any society is usually thought to be of two kinds： material and nonmaterial.Material culture includes the man-made phenomena which have physical properties such as height，breadth，and wei-14

第三篇：中級(jí)口譯筆試部分練習(xí)8篇

Passage 1

I think Chinese businesspeople tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirect manner，as opposed to the more direct style of American businesspeople，who are said to work with the “get-down-to-business-first” mentality.The Chinese-type management encourages cooperation among employees，between the labor and the management，and gives employees a joy of participation and fulfillment，as well as a sense of pride in their work.And most Chinese try to find the meaning of life through working in their jobs，and view work as essential for having membership in a community.The American-type，or the top-down，management emphasizes efficiency，and competition among workers.The American work ethic seems to be more individual oriented.Traditionally，Americans work because it is the will of God，and often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.我認(rèn)為中國(guó)人在商務(wù)談判時(shí)傾向于使用一種迂回婉轉(zhuǎn)的方式，而那些被認(rèn)為在工作時(shí)具有一 種“公務(wù)為先”的心態(tài)的美國(guó)人則往往表現(xiàn)出較為直截了當(dāng)?shù)淖黠L(fēng)。中國(guó)式的管理方式鼓勵(lì)員工之間的合作，也鼓勵(lì)普通員工和管理人員之間的合作，使員工有一種喜悅的參與感和成就感，使他們對(duì)自己的工作產(chǎn)生一種自豪感。大多數(shù)中國(guó)人想從工作中找到生活的意義，他們將工作視為成為團(tuán)體中一份子的必不可缺的條件。美國(guó)式的自下而上的管理方式注重效率，注重員工之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。美國(guó)人的工作觀有較強(qiáng)的個(gè)體取向性。美國(guó)人一直認(rèn)為，工作是秉承了上帝的意志，對(duì)工作成果的重視常常高于對(duì)工作過(guò)程的重視。

Passage 2

In the short period of six days，we have gone a longer distance than the world-renowned “Long March”。We have acquired a keen sense of the diversity，dynamism，and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.My wife and I have a special regard and personal friendship for the people of China.Beijing is for us an old and nostalgic home.During our stay here ten years ago we spent a great deal of memorable time with the people here——working，shopping，sightseeing，and touring the city on our bicycles.Those were happy days.They were good days，important days.We were part of the dramatic process which brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship.Nonetheless，problems remain in our economic，education and strategic relations.While we are not so naive as to believe that there are no issues of difference between us，I also believe that our differences are greatly overshadowed by issues which bind us and strengthen our relationship.在短暫的六天里，我們的行程超過(guò)了舉世聞名的“長(zhǎng)征”。在改革開(kāi)放政策引導(dǎo)下的中國(guó)，氣象萬(wàn)千，充滿活力，不斷進(jìn)步，這些我們都已強(qiáng)烈的感受到了。我和我夫人對(duì)中國(guó)人民懷有一種特殊的敬慕之情和個(gè)人友誼。對(duì)我們兩人來(lái)說(shuō)，北京是我們思念的故鄉(xiāng)。十年前我們?cè)诖松钇陂g，我們與這里的人們一起度過(guò)了許多難忘的時(shí)光—— 我們?cè)谶@里工作、購(gòu)物、觀光、騎自行車(chē)逛城。那是一些令人愉快的日子，一些美好的日子，一些意義重大的日子。我們參與了富有戲劇性的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程，這種轉(zhuǎn)變使我們重新走到一起，使我們踏上了一條通往建立一種真誠(chéng)友好的合作關(guān)系的道路。然而，我們?cè)诮?jīng)濟(jì)、教育以及戰(zhàn)略關(guān)系中仍然存在著問(wèn)題。一方面，我們不會(huì)天真的以為我們之間不存在分歧，另一方面，我也認(rèn)為那些將我們聯(lián)系在一起并且強(qiáng)化我們關(guān)系的事務(wù)，在很大程度上弱化了我們之間的差異。

Passage 3

The Washington National Cathedral is one of the largest and most famous religious centers in the United States.It belongs to the Episcopal Church.The official name of the building id the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul.The National Cathedral was built with money from private citizens.The work started in 1907，and the Cathedral was not completely finished until 1990.The first stone was laid in the presence of President Theodore Roosevelt.Every President of the United States since then has attended services or visited the Cathedral.It looks like many of the great religious centers built in Europe about 800 years ago.The building is shaped like a cross or the letter T.in the center is a bell tower 91 meters high.Two more towers stand at the bottom of the cross.Two hundred windows are set high in the walls of the National Cathedral.Most are made of many pieces of colored glass.They color the sunlight as it enters the building and spills across the floor.Some windows have flower designs.Others have images from Christian stories or from American heroes.華盛頓國(guó)家大教堂是美國(guó)規(guī)模最大、最負(fù)盛名的宗教中心之一，隸屬主教派教會(huì)。該建筑的正式名稱是圣彼得和圣保羅大教堂。國(guó)家大教堂是由私人贊助建造起來(lái)的。工程開(kāi)始于1907年，直到1990年才完全竣工。奠基石是當(dāng)著當(dāng)時(shí)西奧多。羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)的面放置的。從那以后的每一任美國(guó)總統(tǒng)都參加過(guò)這里舉行的宗教禮儀活動(dòng)，或參觀過(guò)大教堂。大教堂看起來(lái)像歐洲許多建于800年前的宗教大中心，形狀像個(gè)“十”字，或像字母T，中間聳立了一座高達(dá)91 米的鐘樓，另外兩座塔樓坐落在十字形底部。200扇窗戶高高的嵌在國(guó)家大教堂的墻上。大多數(shù)窗都由多塊彩色玻璃拼成，射入建筑內(nèi)的陽(yáng)光被彩色玻璃染得五彩繽紛，灑落在大教堂一側(cè)的地坪上，有些窗戶有花卉圖案，有些窗的畫(huà)面則是一些有關(guān)基督教的故事或美國(guó)歷史英雄的形象。Passage 4

Innovation starts at the top，and it is important for leaders to create an environment where innovation is constant，where people have the skills and incentives to think creatively.In doing so，you attract talents that want to contribute to that environment，creating a virtuous cycle for the company.Shanghai’s leadership has worked hard to create an environment where businesses can succeed.For example，Shanghai’s transportation links to the world，including Pudong International Airport and the new deep water port facility，have achieved world-class status We live in an era where innovation is central to economic growth and prosperity.It is comfortable to hold onto the old ways of doing business.But innovation is hard because it usually leads to change.Innovation requires new ideas，new processes，and new institutions.New technologies and approaches can radically change an existing market，creating new customers and competitions.But innovation and its accompanying disruption can be managed through good leadership，a long term strategy，and good people.President Hu Jintao stated at the beginning of this year that “Innovation is the core of the nation’s competitiveness.”

創(chuàng)新從領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層開(kāi)始做起。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層必須營(yíng)造一個(gè)可以不斷創(chuàng)新的環(huán)境，以激勵(lì)人們的創(chuàng)新思維。這樣的環(huán)境可以吸引那些樂(lè)于創(chuàng)新的人才，從而使公司得到良性發(fā)展。上海的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)努力為企業(yè)營(yíng)造可取得成功的環(huán)境。例如，浦東國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)和新的深水港等設(shè)施的建立，使上海與世界的交通連接達(dá)到了世界級(jí)的水平。我們生活在一個(gè)以創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和繁榮的時(shí)代。墨守成規(guī)確實(shí)舒服愜意，而改革創(chuàng)新則困難重重，因?yàn)閯?chuàng)新往往引發(fā)變革。創(chuàng)新需要新思想，新程序和新機(jī)制。新技術(shù)和新方法會(huì)劇烈的改變現(xiàn)行的市場(chǎng)秩序，既帶來(lái)新的公司客戶，也帶來(lái)新的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，但是，如果我們有英明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，長(zhǎng)期的戰(zhàn)略以及優(yōu)秀的人才，創(chuàng)新活動(dòng)及其所伴隨的沖擊是可控的。******主席在年初時(shí)曾說(shuō)過(guò)：“創(chuàng)新是國(guó)家的核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力?！?/p>

Passage 5

What will the role of universities be in this globalized economy? How will they contribute to improving society through innovation that will improve the quality of life and support economic growth? How will they prepare their graduates who will extract the best and explore the greatest in this increasingly complex society? It is important to remember that undergraduate education and post-graduate education are tightly linked to research.Our education programs should ensure that the students are learning in an atmosphere characterized by the pursuit of new knowledge and process of discovery.An interrelated educational program will create a flow of young，bright and uninhibitedminds to work on the frontier of discovery.The fundamental mission of a university is the creation of new knowledge which sometimes has immediate practical applications.But that can never be the only goal.And making it a primary goal will frequently be short-sighted.Basic contributions to knowledge should be valued for being exactly that.Our university has an almost unique role in fostering such contribution.Choosing the right people is the first and perhaps the most crucial step in ensuring an innovative environment.There are three types of people that can be important.The first class of individuals consists of fanciful visionaries.The second class of important people in innovative environment consists of revolutionary explorers.The third class of individuals consists of uninhibited executors.在這個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的時(shí)代背景下，大學(xué)將扮演怎樣的角色呢?大學(xué)將如何通過(guò)旨在提高生活質(zhì)量、推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的創(chuàng)新活動(dòng)進(jìn)而推動(dòng)社會(huì)的進(jìn)步呢?在這個(gè)日新月異、充滿變數(shù)的社會(huì)，大學(xué)又將如何培養(yǎng)那些善于取精用弘的學(xué)生呢?我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到，本科生教育和研究生教育都與研究緊密相連。我們的教育應(yīng)該為學(xué)生創(chuàng)造一種可以探尋新知識(shí)、帶來(lái)新發(fā)現(xiàn)的氛圍，將教學(xué)與研究融合在一起的教育可以培養(yǎng)一批活躍在探索前沿、聰穎開(kāi)放的青年才俊。大學(xué)最根本的使命就是創(chuàng)造新知識(shí)，雖然大學(xué)所創(chuàng)造的新知識(shí)有時(shí)會(huì)立即產(chǎn)生實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值，但這決不是大學(xué)所追求的唯一目標(biāo)。將獲取實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值的目標(biāo)定位大學(xué)的主要目標(biāo)是一種短視行為?；A(chǔ)研究也同樣是大學(xué)的使命，而且大學(xué)在推動(dòng)基礎(chǔ)研究方面能發(fā)揮獨(dú)特的作用。選對(duì)人是確保創(chuàng)新型研究環(huán)境的首要因素，也是最為關(guān)鍵的因素。選人要選三種人：第一種人是想法活躍的思想家，第二種人是富有革命精神的探索家，第三種人是不受常規(guī)約束的實(shí)干家。Passage 6

中國(guó)國(guó)際出版集團(tuán)是中國(guó)最大的、最權(quán)威的外語(yǔ)出版發(fā)行單位，其前身是中央人民政府新聞出版署國(guó)際新聞局。我集團(tuán)堅(jiān)持“讓中國(guó)走向世界，讓世界了解中國(guó)”的出版原則，全心致力于中國(guó)外語(yǔ)教育與研究事業(yè)的發(fā)展，全心致力于中外文化交流事業(yè)的拓展。為了加強(qiáng)對(duì)出版人才隊(duì)伍的建設(shè)，為了滿足日益增長(zhǎng)的特殊出版業(yè)務(wù)的需要，我集團(tuán)每年都要選派一些青年員工到國(guó)內(nèi)外知名高等學(xué)府和研究機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)修，根據(jù)我們的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，我們會(huì)將前進(jìn)的步伐邁出國(guó)界走向世界，瞄準(zhǔn)海外讀者群，這一戰(zhàn)略已取得了良好的開(kāi)局。

The China International Publishing Group is the largest and the most authoritativeforeign language publishing and distribution establishment，its predecessor being the International Press Bureau of the Central People’s Government Press and Publication Administration.Adhering to the publishing philosophy of “assisting China’s march to the world and facilitating world’s understanding of China”，the Group commits itself entirely to promoting foreign language education and research in China and advancing cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.In order to build up a strong team of publishing staff，as well as to meet the growing need of more technically demanding business，the Group makes it a rule that young staff be selected and sent to noted universities and research institutions，both domestic and overseas，for further studies.As is clearly spelled out in our new development strategy，we will go beyond our national boundaries and wedge ourselves into the world circulation market，aiming at the international readership.Our initial efforts have been very rewarding.Passage 7

改革開(kāi)放30 年來(lái)，隨著中國(guó)逐漸崛起成為政治經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國(guó)，海外人士學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)象與日俱增，海外孔子學(xué)院也成了人們學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)語(yǔ)言和中國(guó)文化的首選之地。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)，他們對(duì)這個(gè)和自己文化大相徑庭的古老文明產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣，而且有機(jī)會(huì)了解中國(guó)的哲學(xué)、藝術(shù)、醫(yī)學(xué)、飲食文化，親身體驗(yàn)這個(gè)文明古國(guó)的風(fēng)采。作為第二文化，中國(guó)文化也豐富了他們的生活和世界觀?？梢哉f(shuō)，這個(gè)潮流方興未艾。越來(lái)越多的學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的美國(guó)人除了對(duì)中國(guó)菜肴贊不絕口之外，也在嘗試針灸，草藥和武術(shù)。他們也看功夫電影，學(xué)習(xí)東方時(shí)裝潮流和手工藝，不知不覺(jué)的在日常生活中談及中國(guó)的點(diǎn)心，人參、銀杏，烏龍茶等。目前在美國(guó)最熱門(mén)的中國(guó)文化是道家學(xué)說(shuō)和有著神秘色彩的風(fēng)水學(xué).As China is rising as a political and economic world power，thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up，more and more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to a Confucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice learning Chinese language and Chinese culture.During the learning process，the learners concurrently develop their interest in this ancient land，whose civilization is so vastly different from theirs.And the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy，art，architecture，medicine and catering culture and experience first-hand the splendors of this venerablecivilization.As the second culture，Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners.This trend，so to speak，is gathering momentum and is there to stay.Apart from their love for Chinese cuisine，more and more American learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture，herbal medicines，martial arts.They are also interested in kongfu films，fashions and crafts.Seemingly outlandishwords such as dim sum，ginseng，gingko，oolongcha have crept into their everyday language.The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism，and ancient school of thought，and fengshui，an ancient art of placement.Passage 8

過(guò)去10年，海平面升高和森林砍伐的速度都是前所未有的;生態(tài)惡化、物種滅絕、臭氧層被破壞、溫室效應(yīng)、酸雨等一系列環(huán)境問(wèn)題已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響到人類的生存環(huán)境。環(huán)境惡化造成的問(wèn)題之一就是缺水。目前全世界40%以上的人口，即20 多億人，面臨缺水問(wèn)題。據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)，未來(lái)25 年全球人口將由60 億增長(zhǎng)到80 億，環(huán)境保護(hù)面臨更大的壓力。中國(guó)作為一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，面臨著發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)和保護(hù)環(huán)境的雙重任務(wù)。從國(guó)情出發(fā)，中國(guó)在全面推進(jìn)現(xiàn)代化的過(guò)程中，將環(huán)境保護(hù)視為一項(xiàng)基本國(guó)策。眾所周知，對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境和生物多樣性的保護(hù)是環(huán)保工作的重點(diǎn)。我國(guó)野生動(dòng)植物物種豐富，僅脊椎動(dòng)物就有6000 多種左右，高等植物3 萬(wàn)多種。

Sea level rose and forest were destroyed at an unprecedented rate during the last decade.A series of environmental problems such as the deterioration of ecosystem，the extinction of bio-species，damage to the ozone layer，the green-house effect，acid rain，have posed a serious threat to human living conditions.Environmental crisis leads to one of the serious problems，namely，water shortage.Presently，more than 40% of the world’s population，more than 2 billion people，now face water shortage.It is predicted that with the global population expected to increase from six billion to eight billion over the next 25 years，more pressure on environmental protection stress is expected.As a developing country，China is confronted with the dual task of developing the economy and protecting the environment.Proceeding from its national conditions，China has，in the process of promoting its overall modernization program，made environmental protection one of its basic state policies.It is known to all that protection of the ecological environment and biodiversity is the focal point of environmental protection work.China is rich in wildlife species.There are about 6，000 vertebrates alone and 30，000 species of higher plants.

第四篇：2009年9月英語(yǔ)中級(jí)口譯筆試真題

2009年9月英語(yǔ)中級(jí)口譯聽(tīng)力原文+音頻+部分真題

SECTION 1 LISTENING TEST 45 minutes

Part A Spot Dictation

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.For centuries, people have been fighting over whether governments should allow trade between countries.There have been, and probably always will be two sides to the argument.Some people argue that just letting everybody trade freely is best for both the country and the world.Others argue, that trade with other countries makes it harder for some people to make a good living.Both sides are at least partly right.International trade matters a lot.It's a fact on the life of people are enormous.Imagine a world in which your country did not trade at all with other countries.Imagine what kind of job you would be likely to get.And what goods you could buy or not buy in such a world.For the United States for example, start by imagining that it lived without its 70 billion dollars a year in imported oil, and cut back on its energy use because the remaining domestic oil and other energy sources were more expensive.Producers and consumers in other parts of the economy would feel the same if they were suddenly stripped a oreign-made goods like CD players and clothing.On the export side, suppose that Boeing could sell airplanes, and farmers could sell their corps only within the United States, and that US universities could admit only domestic students.In each case, there are people who gain, and people who lose from cutting off international trade.In any case, less or more international trade will have strong affects on your career, as well as your life.For years, American companies are often faced with the choice of buying American-made goods which are expensive, and foreign made goods which are cheap.If the company buys America goods, it may anger tax payers by feeling to keep prices low.But if they buy us foreign goods, it may endanger the jobs of American workers.Recently, congress has passed a law compiling American companies with government contracts to give preference to domestic goods and services.Part B Listening Comprehension

I.Statements

Questions 1~10

1.Are you looking for someone who can translate this contract into Portuguese? What about our new secretary? I hear she had stayed in Brazil for several years.2.Finding employment is not easy these days even in big cities.If I were you, I would be delighted with such a job offer.3.Also present at the conference is Dr.Madison, who will join our discussion this afternoon to give an expert view on the current situation of global economy.4.If you intend to try bungee jumping, most coutries require that you be over the age of 18 and join a bungee jumping club or be properly instructed for the sport.5.Keeping a business firm running is far more difficult than starting it.According to current statistics, 2/3 of new business firms will fail in the first five years.6.Scientists report that hunting or eating wild animals not only destroy the balance of nature, but also run the risk of being infected by virus from animals.7.We can never learn a foreign language in the same way as we acquire our first.For even a three-year-old child can have thousands of hours of contact with his mother tongue.8.Once you enroll in full or part-time courses at this college, our services are all free of charge except that you pay 30 pence a copy for any photo copying made here.9.If you have yet to appoint a new sale's manager in charge of our LA office, Mrs.Coleman was born there and has good connections.10.Suppose the gasoline tank of your car holds twenty gallons, and you average 16 miles to the gallon, how far can you drive on a tank-full-gasoline?

II.Talks and Conversations

Questions 11~14

B: Hey Mary, you look depressed.Is everything OK?

G: It's my parents.They are not easy to put up with.They are so old fashioned and they never let me do anything.I go out at night only once in a while, and when I do, I have to be back by 10:00.What should I do?

B: Have you tried to talk to them?

G: They never have any time for me.My dad's work comes first, and my mum only sits down with me when she wants to show me off to her friends:° Marry gets straight As, and she made basketball team this year!“ Er, I want to move out and live on my own!

B: Well, I get along with my parents, but we don't agree all the time.They worry too much about me.If I'm going away, it's always: ”don't forget to call as soon as you arrive!“, ”take this medicine with you in case you get sick°,° you must stay away from drugs.“ They know I'm not into that.They should trust me.G: I guess parents are all the same.11.What does the woman think of her parents? 12.Which of the following is TRUE about the woman? 13.What do this man°s parents often ask him to do when he is going away? 14.What does the man think his parents should do? Questions 15~18

Ladies and Gentlemen, we all know that even with the advances of science and technology in our modern society, it is very difficult for us to predict an earthquake, let alone, prevented.But people had long ago tried every possible means to record and in some way predict the occurrence of an earthquake.The world's first instrument for recording earth quakes was invented in China in the second century AD.The instrument, today we would call it a seismoscope was designed by a Chinese astronomer, and geographer named Zhangheng.It was a vessel like device made of bronze and measured in 6 feet in diameter.Inside the instrument, there was a pendulum that was swing from the movement of a trimmer that is too weak to be felt by a human being.When the pendulum swung, it will pull one of the attached bars.The bar will open the mouth of the dragon sculpture on the outside of the vessel.And a bronze ball will drop, and fall with a clang into the open mouth of a frog sculpture below.This seismoscope could not only record the movement of an earthquake, but also show from which direction of the earthquake came.In AD 138, Zhangheng used his invention to announce that a major earthquake has struck 400 miles northwest of Luoyang, the Chinese capital.His report came long before massagers on horse back brought news of the earthquake to the capital city.15.For what purpose was the vessel like seismoscope invented? 16.What is the function of the pendulum inside the instrument? 17.According to the talk, what happened in the year AD 138? 18.How was the news of earthquake brought to the capital city before the invention of such an instrument?

Questions 19~22

B: Hi Betty, nice to see you again!How long ago did we two meet in the student centre? I'm glad the final examinations are over, and we don't have to stay up all night to cram all the academic stuff into our minds.G: Yes.I°m glad we can be here again to relax, and have fun with other fellow students.And now we can look forward to our summer holiday.I've been thinking of going to the States for some time.B: I think it would be much better for you to go on holiday here in England than to the United States.To start with, it's a lot nearer, and so it would be much cheaper to get around.That means you will have far more money to spend.G: That may be true.But thinking about when you get there.There are much more to do in the United States.There are so many different things to see, and places to go.Imagine you could go to New York, San Francisco, the Grand Canyon, and Disney World!

B: Exactly!Disney World!I have been dreaming of going there ever since my childhood.G: So, you are changing your mind, aren't you?

B: I'm still worrying about the cost of taking a trip to the States.Meanwhile, if you stay here in England, you can probably take up some part-time jobs.That way, you can earn extra money to support your study next semester.G: Maybe you are right.I°ll think it over, and talk about it with my parents while I'm home.Anyway, it is they who pay for my study here in the university.19: What has the man been doing recently?

20: Why does the man wants to spend his holiday in England? 21: Where is this conversation taking place? 22.At the end of the conversation, what does the woman decide to do?

Questions 23~26

All humans experience stress.It is a necessary part of life.Generally speaking, a person's ability to deal with stress is affected by his or her feelings, attitude and outlook on life.To start with, my topic for this week's lecture is teenage stress.Parents tend to think that their children's adolescence is a carefree period of life.However, study show that teenagers can experience the most stress of all people.They can experience stress related to money, family problems, self-esteem, acceptance by their peers, getting accepted into college, choosing a career, and pressure to do well in school, sports or clubs.One reason for such stress is that childhood has gotten shorter, and the perception of children has changed.With the rapid advance of information technology, children can get messages that in the past, were probably meant only for adults.And the dividing line between childhood and adulthood ceases to exist.Children do not play as many as their games as we used to.And most of their games and sports nowadays are those usually performed by adults.Youngsters are encouraged to use adult language that was once never to be heard around a child.Today, our people are under tremendous pressure to achieve and succeed.It seems to me that the higher our living standard is, the more stress our children experience.In any case, the way by which we live today definitely has something to do with the increase of the level of stress.23.According to the talk, how would parents view their children's adolescence? 24.Which of the following is not a stress-related phenomenon for teenagers? 25.According to the speaker, what kind of messages can children get today? 26.What has contributed to the increase of the level of stress?

Questions 27~30

A: Good afternoon, Mr.Brown.Won't you take a seat? That's an attractive shirt, is that new? B: Fairly, I got it last month for my birthday.A: It's very nice.Mr.Brown, I've been enjoying working with you, and you certainly have made some significant contributions.Today, however, I need to speak with you about a problem I have observed.When we are done speaking, I anticipate that we will have a solution worked out for this problem.Does that sound reasonable to you?

B: Sure, this must be serious.You are so formal.A: Yes, Mr.Brown.During the past month, I have observed you returning late from lunch on 5 different occasions.I have the specific deeds listed here.B: Hey, I wasn't late, I was running errands.A: Mr.Brown, I'm going to give you a chance to respond in just a minute.I need you to listen first.If we interrupt each other, we aren't going to get anywhere.B: Okay.A: I first observed this change in behavior last month, but I ignored it, assuming that you were engaging in work related activities.However, the end of the month reports came in, and they reviewed a definite drop in your productivity, and significant increase in errors.I spoke with you on the 3rd, and the 17th.On each occasion, the smell of alcohol was obvious.Today, the smell of alcohol is obvious.Drinking while on the job is strictly against company policy.Is there a reason for this change in your behavior?

B: There is no change in behavior.I only had one beer at lunch.That's not a crime, is it?

A: I'd like this to be a problem solving session, not a warning session.You are a valuable employee, and I'd like it to stay that way.I'd like to help you, but you have to be willing to be truthful.Would you like to talk about this with a professional councilor?

B: If you think that would help.A: I don't know if it will help.That part is up to you.But I'm willing to work with you.Here's the telephone number of Dr.Laurence.I'd like you to call him and set up an appointment.In the mean time, you must understand that alcohol during working hours is strictly forbidden.Failure to observe this rule will lead to dismissal.May I count on you to observe this rule?

B: I'll do my best.27.What does the man think of the woman's opening remark?

28.According to the conversation, what has the woman observed recently? 29.What does the woman suggest to help solve the problem? 30.What is the company rule according to the woman?

Part C Listening and Translation

I.Sentence Translation

1.Workers who can still demonstrate their capacity to carry out their work should not be asked to retire simply because they have reached a certain age.2.We had only expected around 20 people to apply for that post, but twice as many showed up, so we had to work overnight for the arrangement of interviews.3.Many American companies now understand that they must study Chinese laws, trade practices and culture in order to be more effective in doing business with their new trading partners.4.Not long ago, people were still arguing over whether not climate change was actually taking place, now there was broad consensus that it is happening, and that human activities are largely to blame.5.It is known that human intelligence is attributable to both heredity and environment, but the genetic factors are more important than the environmental ones.II.Passage Translation

1.I think examinations are much better than homework.I prefer having exams at the end of a school year to doing homework every week.For me, the problem with homework is that the pressure is on you all the time, and everything you do counts towards your final result.With examinations, you can work really hard only in the final stages.I also like to get up early and go through my notes on the day of the exam.That way, everything is fresh in my mind.2.Listening is one of the things we do most, yet listening isn't easy.First, we are surrounded by noise, people talking or shouting, the sound of traffic, or the roar of airplanes over the head, which makes any listening job a challenge.Second, we often don't seem to remember even when we do listen.By the time the speaker has finished a 10-minute speech, the average person has already forgotten half of what was said.Within 48 hours, another 50% has been forgotten.In other word, we quickly forget nearly all of what we hear.SECTION 2

PASSAGE 2

IT’S Monday morning, and you’re having trouble waking your teenagers.You’re not alone.Indeed, each morning, few of the country’s 17 million high school students are awake enough to get much out of their first class, particularly if it starts before 8 a.m.Sure, many of them stayed up too late the night before, but not because they wanted to.Research shows that teenagers’ body clocks are set to a schedule that is different from that of younger children or adults.This prevents adolescents from dropping off until around 11 p.m., when they produce the sleep-inducing hormone melatonin, and waking up much before 8 a.m.when their bodies stop producing melatonin.The result is that the first class of the morning is often a waste, with as many as 28 percent of students falling asleep, according to a National Sleep Foundation poll.Some are so sleepy they don’t even show up, contributing to failure and dropout rates.Here’s an idea: stop focusing on testing and instead support changing the hours of the school day, starting it later for teenagers and ending it later for all children.Indeed, no one does well when they’re sleep-deprived, but insufficient sleep among children has been linked to obesity and to learning issues like attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.You’d think this would spur educators to take action, and a few have.In 2002, high schools in Jessamine County in Kentucky pushed back the first bell to 8:40 a.m., from 7:30 a.m.Attendance immediately went up, as did scores on standardized tests, which have continued to rise each year.Districts in Virginia and Connecticut have achieved similar success.In Minneapolis and Edina，Minn., which instituted high school start times of 8:40 a.m.and 8:30 a.m.respectively in 1997, students’ grades rose slightly and lateness, behavioral problems and dropout rates decreased.Later is also safer.When high schools in Fayette County in Kentucky delayed their start times to 8:30 a.m., the number of teenagers involved in car crashes dropped, even as they rose in the state.So why hasn’t every school board moved back that first bell? Well, it seems that improving teenagers’ performance takes a back seat to more pressing concerns: the cost of additional bus service, the difficulty of adjusting after-school activity schedules and the inconvenience to teachers and parents.But few of these problems actually come to pass, according to the Center for Applied Research and Educational Improvement at the University of Minnesota.In Kentucky and Minnesota, simply flipping the starting times for the elementary and high schools meant no extra cost for buses.There are other reasons to start and end school at a later time.According to Paul Reville, a professor of education policy at Harvard and chairman of the Massachusetts Board of Education, “Trying to cram everything our 21st-century students need into a 19th-century six-and-a-half-hour day just isn’t working.” He says that children learn more at a less frantic pace, and that lengthening the school day would help “close the achievement gap between disadvantaged students and their better-off peers.” PASSAGE 3

It's estimated that every year 100,000 children aged 16 and under run away from home.The London Refuge, an unremarkable house on an unremarkable street, is the only place in Britain that will give them a bed.Last year it gave sanctuary to 238 children, of whom the youngest was 11.What happened to the other 99,762? Nobody knows, although it's a fair bet that some of them ended up on the streets, that some fell into inappropriate and dangerous company, that some didn't survive.“The mere fact that they're running away puts them at risk,” says Lorna Simpson, the refuge's deputy manager.“On the streets they'll mix with other young people.They're so naive;they don't understand that people who are nice to them will want payback.Our job is to make them safe.” Simpson, a former social worker, is a calm woman of great warmth.The refuge has six beds and has been open since 1993, often with the threat of closure hanging over it.The problem has nothing to do with the quality of its service – Ofsted ranks it as outstandingjust as it is well known on the other side of the Atlantic that Europeans, above all the French and the Germans, are slackers who could do with a bit of America's vigorous work ethic.But a new survey suggests that even those vacations American employees do take are rapidly vanishing, to the extent that 40% of workers questioned at the start of the summer said they had no plans to take any holiday at all for the next six months, more than at any time since the late 1970s.It is probably mere coincidence that George Bush, one of the few Americans who has been known to enjoy a French-style month off during August, cut back his holiday in Texas this year to a fortnight.But the survey by the Conference Board research group, along with other recent statistics, suggests an epidemic泛濫 of overwork among ordinary Americans.A quarter of people employed in the private sector in the US get no paid vacation at all, according to government figures.Unlike almost all other industrialized nations, including Britain, American employers do not have to give paid holidays.The average American gets a little less than four weeks of paid time off, including public holidays, compared with 6.6 weeks in the UKand 7.9 weeks for Italy.One study showed that people employed by the US subsidiary of a London-based bank would have to work there for 10 years just to be entitled to the same vacation time as colleagues in Britain who had just started their jobs.Even when they do take vacations, overworked Americans find it hard to switch off.One in three finds not checking their email and voicemail more stressful than working, according to a study by the Travelocity website, while the traumas of travel take their own toll.”We commonly complain we need a vacation from our vacations,“ the author Po Bronson wrote recently.”We leave home tired;we come back exhausted.“ Christian Schneider, a German-born scholar at the Wharton business school in Philadelphia, argues that there is ”a tendency to really relax in Europe, to disengage from work.When an American finally does take those few days of vacation per year they are most likely to be in constant contact with the office.“ Mindful that well-rested workers are more productive than burnt-out ones, the accounting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers has started closing all its US offices completely twice a year, for 10 days over Christmas and about five around Independence Day.”We wanted to create an environment where people could walk away and not worry about missing a meeting, a conference call or 300 emails," Barbara Kraft, a partner at the company, told the New York Times.Left to themselves, Americans fail to take an average of four days of their vacation entitlement-an annual national total of 574m unclaimed days.中譯英

有兩個(gè)大款附庸風(fēng)雅，參加一個(gè)冷餐會(huì)，與會(huì)者自然不乏真正的名流學(xué)者。席間，一個(gè)學(xué)者與其中的大款甲閑聊，話題不知怎么扯到莎士比亞身上。學(xué)者問(wèn)大 款甲：“先生是否對(duì)莎士比亞最感興趣？”大款甲頓了頓，隨即正色說(shuō)：“相比之下，還是威士忌合我口味?！边@時(shí)，大家都暗自竊笑。大款乙也看出了苗頭，悻悻 然走開(kāi)。在回來(lái)的小車(chē)上，大款乙教訓(xùn)大款甲說(shuō)：“你真一點(diǎn)都不懂，莎士比亞是飲料，你怎么把它當(dāng)洋酒了！”

Two big shots attended a buffet reception, trying to pose as lovers of culture, for the participants included some real scholars of distinction.During the reception, a scholar chatted with Tycoon A and somehow the topic shifted to Shakespeare.The scholar asked, “Are you most interested in Shakespeare?” The big shot paused and announced with a severe countenance: “In comparison, whiskey is more to my taste.” Hearing that, all the listeners laughed up their sleeves.Tycoon B saw the straw in the wind and left resentfully.On their way home in the car, Tycoon B lectured Tycoon A: “ How could you be that ignorant!Shakespeare is a beverage, and you are foolish enough to take that as an imported spirit!”

英譯中

What is a novel? I say: an invented story.At the same time a story which, though invented, has the power to ring true.True to what? True to life as the reader knows life to be or, it may be, feels life to be.And I mean the adult, the grown-up reader.Such a reader has outgrown fairy tales, and we do not want the fantastic and the impossible.So I say to you that a novel must stand up to the adult tests of reality.You may say:”If one wants truth, why not go to the literally true book? Biography or documentary, these amazing accounts of amazing experiences which people have.” Yes, but I am suggesting to you that there is a distinction between truth and so-called reality.The novel does not simply recount experience.And here comes in what is the actual livening spark of the novel: the novelist’s imagination has a power of its own.It does not merely invent, it perceives.It intensifies, therefore it gives power, extra importance, and greater truth to what may well be ordinary and everyday things.小說(shuō)是什么？我認(rèn)為是人們創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的故事。同時(shí)盡管是創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的故事，但是小說(shuō)仍然有一種力量能夠讓人聽(tīng)上去感覺(jué)像真的一樣。真的像什么呢？就像讀 者所知道的那種生活或者可能的生活樣子，像他們所感覺(jué)的那種生活。當(dāng)然我指的是對(duì)于成熟的成年讀者而言。像我們這樣的成年讀者已經(jīng)足夠長(zhǎng)大，不再相信童話 故事，不再需要奇異幻想和那些不可能發(fā)生的事情。所以我對(duì)你說(shuō)，小說(shuō)必須要成熟起來(lái)，能夠讓成年人將之放在生活中試驗(yàn)。

你或許會(huì)說(shuō)：“如果一個(gè)人需要事實(shí)，他為什么不去看完完全全真實(shí)的書(shū)呢？自傳或者紀(jì)錄片里都是些令人驚異的真人真事的描述。這當(dāng)然正確，但是我對(duì)你 的建議是事實(shí)和所謂的現(xiàn)實(shí)之間有著本質(zhì)的區(qū)別。小說(shuō)并不僅僅只是敘述人們的經(jīng)歷，小說(shuō)會(huì)添加人們的經(jīng)歷。而這一點(diǎn)正是小說(shuō)所具有的活力火花：小說(shuō)家的想象 力有其自己強(qiáng)大的力量。借助這種想象力小說(shuō)家并不僅僅創(chuàng)造，他們?nèi)ジ兄?。這種想象力不斷增強(qiáng)，給原本普普通通的日常生活注入一股力量，使它們變得額外地重 要，變得更加地真實(shí)。

第五篇：2002年9月上海英語(yǔ)中級(jí)口譯考試真題及答案

SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST（40 minutes）

Part A: Spot Dictation

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the ward or words you have heard on the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in you ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear the passage only once.SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST（40 minutes）

As long as we are in a relationship, there is the potential for lasting happiness as well as for serious conflict.This applies at work, ______________（1）, and at home.The simple fact is that relationships are not always ________________（2）sailing.Conflict can lead to anger, hostility, and further conflicts.On the other hand, it can be used ad __________________（3）for solving problems.For example, you can handle conflict by _______________（4）that the problem exists, smoothing it over, or trying to overpower the other person.These, of course, will___________（5）win or lose situations.But when you resolve conflict through collaboration and compromise, you can achieve _______________（6）situations.In today's lecture, I shall outline a few steps on ________________（7）transform a conflict into a solution in which both parties win.First _______________（8）.Explain the problem to the other party.Y ou should ___________（9）the conflict.It s hard to fix something before ____________（10）on what is broken.Second, understand all points of view.Set aside your own opinions for a moment and _________（11）to understand the other points of view.When people feel that they have been heard, they're often more ________________（12）.Third, brainstorm.Dream up as many solutions as you can and _______________（13）them one by one.This step will require _______________（14）.Talk about which solutions will work and _______________（15）they will be to implement.Your solutions need to be acceptable by both parties, so you should be prepared to __________（16）.Later, you'll need to review the _______________（17）of the accepted solution.If it ______________（18）, be open to making changes or _____________（19）to bring about a new solution.Finally, implement.When you have both __________（20）, decide who is going to do what by when.Then keep your agreements.Part B: Listening Comprehension

I.Statements

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements.These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper;so you must listen carefully.When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard.Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1.（A）Mr.Baker doesn't like to go to the meeting last night.（B）Last night Mr.Baker decided to cancel this morning's meeting.（C）Mr.Baker made up his mind not to go to this morning's meeting.（D）Mr.Baker made a last-minute decision to hold the meeting this morning.2.（A）Hard work often brings about discomfort in parts of the human body.（B）If you are nervous, you may hurt yourself in performing this kind of task.（C）Those staff members who work back to back are hard on each other.（D）This exercise is to relax your muscles in the neck, the shoulders and the back.3.（A）We have been working on this machine for two years.（B）Free maintenance work is for a period of two years.（C）You don't have to do repair work on this machine in two years.（D）With monthly cleaning, the oil in this machine can run for two years.4.（A）Only those high school graduates with excellent skills can be admitted into colleges.（B）No matter how difficult it is, high school graduates should at least try twice to get themselves into colleges.（C）Students should consider what they want to learn in the university.（D）Once in the university, you will feel superior to those drop-out students.5.（A）All the board members voted for the Chairman s proposal to open the branch office.（B）The Chairman was not in favor of the opening of a branch office in the suburbs.（C）the board members are expecting a new Chairman from the downtown office.（D）The Chairman's proposal to set up a branch office was turned down by the board members.6.（A）Mary had made an appointment to see the personnel manager last Tuesday.（B）Mary has been applying for a job and is going to see the personnel manager next week.（C）Mary is shortsighted and cannot see that personnel manager in the next office.（D）Mary didn’t t get that job since she was rue to the personnel manager on Tuesday.7.（A）The supermarket will be finished in sixty days.（B）It took us more than sixty days to finish building the supermarket.（C）The supermarket should have been finished sixty days ago.（D）The supermarket had been built sixty days earlier.8.（A）Her attendance record was severely damaged.（B）Her attendance record was never perfect.（C）She had once assisted in keeping the attendance record.（D）She had kept a near-perfect attendance record.9.（A）He didn't know what would happen if he made the suggestion.（B）He didn't feel nervous after he had put forward the suggestion.（C）He realized that the committee members would not adopt his suggestion.（D）He considered it important to the committee members first.10.（A）The Expo will be open the day after tomorrow.（B）The Expo is rescheduled to open on Friday.（C）The Expo's opening is delayed until tomorrow.（D）The Expo is not likely to open on Friday.II.Talks and Conversations

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements.These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper;so you must listen carefully.When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard.Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11~14

11.（A）Mr.Powell telephoned.（B）The woman dated Mr.Powell.（C）Someone came to see him.（D）There was a traffic jam.12.（A）Because she hasn't recorded the phone message.（B）Because she hasn't let Mr.Powell in.（C）Because she hasn't invited him to lunch.（D）Because she hasn't phoned him.13.（A）Mr.Powell's name card.（B）The restaurant's phone number.（C）Some money to make a phone call.（D）The name of a well-known department store.14.（A）the woman was not careful about the man's name card.（B）The man was expecting someone to bring some important information.（C）The man was not available when Mr.Powell came in.（D）The woman accepted the man's apology for his mistake.Questions 15~18

15.（A）In 1961.（B）In 1963.（C）In 1970.（D）In 1971.16.（A）Learning materials.（B）Laboratory facilities.（C）Summer course.（D）Party invitations.17.（A）Some laboratory tests can be done at home.（B）All the college course are available.（C）registrations are all the year round.（D）Invitations to parties are free to all the students.18.（A）part-time students may get cheaper snacks.（B）Students are able to get TV study programmes.（C）Students can attend lectures once a week.（D）Students may participate in summer school courses.Questions 19~22

19.（A）A lawyer.（B）An artist.（C）A student.（D）A physician.20.（A）She thinks that it is a well-paid profession.（B）She considers herself to be fit for it.（C）She is unable to find other jobs for some time.（D）She wants to live independently of other people.21.（A）She can speak several languages.（B）She is more careful and kinder.（C）She can serve women clients better.（D）She is likely to get more sympathy.22.（A）Because it is well known for its educational excellence.（B）Because it is inexpensive in terms of school tuition fees.（C）Because it offers married students' apartments.（D）Because it allows students to practice during the school terms.Questions 23~26

23.（A）studying socio-linguistics.（B）Talking about the weather.（C）Saying hullo to each other.（D）Listening to weather forecasts.24.（A）Linguists.（B）Drivers.（C）Teachers.（D）Students.25.（A）He is probably trying to begin a conversation.（B）He is earnestly requesting an answer.（C）He is carefully planning an out-door excursion.（D）He is tentatively preparing a composition on social conventions.26.（A）English people like to begin a conversation when the climate is favorable.（B）Foreign visitors are sometimes annoyed by the variability of the weather in England.（C）England is said to have the most effective transportation system in the world.（D）The weather conditions in England are not as bad as some people have imagined.Questions 27~30

27.（A）20,000.（B）200,000.（C）2,000,000.（D）2,500,000.28.（A）The family owners.（B）The pressure groups.（C）The government and the councils.（D）The local housing committees.29.（A）Because the rents are too high.（B）Because there are not enough hostels.（C）Because the local councils are inefficient and indifferent.（D）Because some state-run homes are less comfortable than prisons.30.（A）A state-run apartment building for the homeless.（B）An efficient local housing committee in the metropolis.（C）A southern city that has solved the housing problem.（D）A charity organization that offers help to the homeless.Part C: Listening and Translation

I.Sentence Translation

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences.Y ou will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANAWER BOOKLET.（1）

（2）

（3）

（4）

（5）

II.Passage Translation

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages.You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.You may take notes while you are listening.（1）

（2）

SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS（50 minutes）

Directions: In this section, you will read several passages.Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content.Y ou are to choose ONE best answer,（A）,（B）,（C）or（D）, to each question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1~5

In a bay near Almeria in Southern Spain will be built the world's first underwater residence for tourists.The hotel will be 40 feet down in the Mediterranean.As all the world opened to tour operators, there was still a frontier behind which lay three quarters of the globe's surface, the sea;in whose cool depths light fades;no winds blow;there are no stars.There even the most bored travelers could recapture their sense of romance, terror or beauty.For a submerged hotel is such a beautiful idea.The hotel will cost 170,000 and will be able to accommodate up to ten people a night.Up until now only scientists and professional divers have lived under the sea, but soon, for the first time, the public will be able to go down into the darkness.T hey will have to swim down in diving suits, but at 40 feet there would be no problem about decompression.Design of the hotel was crucial.Most of the underwater structures used before had been in the shape of a diving bell or submarine.Professional divers could cope with such things but ordinary people would run the risk of violent claustrophobia.Then an Austrian architect had the idea of making three interconnecting circular structures, 18 feet in diameter, and looking much like flying saucers.They would be cast in concrete and launched from the shore.Towed into position they would then be sunk.A foundation of cast concrete would already be in place on the sea-bed.Pylons would attach the structures to this.Once in position the structures would be pumped dry.The pylons made to withstand an uplift pressure of 350 tons, would then take the strain.Cables linking the underwater structures to the hotel on shore would connect it with electricity, fresh water, television, and an air pump, and also dispose of sewage.Entry would be from underneath, up a ladder;because of the pressure inside there would be no need of airlocks or doors.The first structure would include a changing room and a shower area, where the divers would get out of their gear.There would also be a kitchen and a lavatory.The second structure would contain a dining room/ lecture theatre, and sleeping accommodation for eight people.The third structure would contain two suites.A steward would come down with the ten customers, to cook and look after them.Television monitors would relay all that went on to the shore so that discussions on the sea bed could be transmitted to all the world.1.From the passage we understand that tour operators and travelers will be interested in the submerged hotel as ___________.（A）it is a quiet place for research work

（B）it is an ideal sea-food restaurant

（C）it will offer new possibilities

（D）it will have unchanging weather

2.What design was finally considered most suitable for the new hotel?

（A）Three separated circles.（B）Three linked discs.（C）Three connected globes.（D）Three interlocked cylinders.3.The hotel would be able to float under water because it would be ____________.（A）made of light material

（B）350 tons in weight

（C）filled with air

（D）attached to pylons

4.It is planned that sleeping quarters will be provided for the guests in the __________.（A）second structure

（B）second and third structures

（C）first and third structures

（D）third structure

5.The purpose of television monitors under the sea would be to relay ____________.（A）.instructions from the sea bed to the shore

（B）.news from the shore to the sea bed

（C）.information from the world to the sea bed

（D）.information to the world from the sea bed

Questions 6~10

For most people, boasting about oneself does not come naturally.It is not easy or comfortable to tell someone all the wonderful things you have accomplished.But that is exactly what you need to do if you are seeking a new job, or trying to hold on to the one you have.Of course, there is a fine line between self-confidence and arrogance, so to be successful in winning over the interviewer you must learn to maximize your accomplishments and attributes without antagonizing the interviewer.The natural tendency for most job seekers is to behave modestly in a job interview.To do the best job of selling yourself in an interview, you have to be prepared in advance.As part of your job-hunting check list, write down on a piece of paper your major job-related accomplishments.Commit them to memory.You will probably be pleasantly surprised to see in writing all that you have done.By developing this list, you will have accomplished two things: the first is you will impress the interviewer by being able to talk confidently and succinctly about your accomplishments.You will not have to sit uncomfortably while you think of your successes.They will be at the tip of your tongue.Secondly, rather than dwell on your own personality characteristics, such as how hardworking or creative you are, you can discuss hard facts, such as how you saved your employer money or an idea you developed that helped a customer man more money.When chronicling your accomplishments for the interviewer, take as much credit as you honestly can.If you developed a specific idea without help from your supervisor, it is acceptable to say that.Remember, you are at that interview to sell yourself, not your former co-workers.However, never criticize your former employer.S haring your negative thoughts with the interviewer is an immediate turn-off and will only brand you as a complainer and gossip, whom no one likes or will hire.Keep in mind that the most important part of a job interview is making the employer like you and presenting yourself as the person he or she wants you to be.Consciously or not most employers tend to hire people who reflect their own values and standards.Once you get the job you want, boasting about your accomplishments does not stop.Although you may think all your successes and achievements are highly visible, remember that you are only one lf many people in a company.Lack of recognition is cited by a majority of discharged managers as the most frequent complaint against the former employer.To help make yourself more visible in the company, volunteer for additional assignments— both job-related and non-business-related.These could include community relations or charitable activities in which your company is involved.These types of activities may enable you to have more time and access to top executives of the company to whom you may endear yourself.You might even have the opportunity to tell them what you are doing for the company, which can never hurt.6.This article is mostly about how to _________________.（A）interview for a job

（B）please your boss

（C）get along with co-workers

（D）get and keep a job

7.In Paragraph 2, the word “maximize” means to ___________.（A）talk about

（B）make the most of

（C）be modest about

（D）play down

8.The author states that the one thing you should never do during an interview is __________.（A）list your successes in previous jobs

（B）promote your qualifications for the job

（C）tell your potential boss about the projects you ve worked on

（D）make negative comments about your former employer

9.The author provides his views on winning and holding a new job by ______________.（A）offering suggestions

（B）presenting facts and statistics

（C）describing extreme situations

（D）telling stories

10.In the passage, the author recommends all of the following EXCEPT _____________.（A）making a point of telling your supervisor what you have done

（B）taking part in non-business-related activities

（C）going on boasting about your successes and achievements

（D）giving the employer an idea on how to run his other business

Questions 11~15 Steps to Living Longer Watch Your Temper

Scientists have long believed that Type A's—those people driven by ambition, hard work and tight deadlines—were most prone to heart attacks.But it's not striving for goals that lead to disease;rather, it's being hostile, angry and cynical.Suggests Mittleman: if stress mounts so high that you begin snapping at people, “Ask yourself,' Is it worth having a heart attack over this?'”

Lighten Your Dark Moods

for years, evidence linking depression to an increased risk of heart attack has been growing.Johns Hopkins researchers interviewed 1551 people who were free of heart disease in the early 1980s and again 14 years later.Those who reported having experienced major depression were four times as likely to have a heart attack as those who had not been depressed.Exercise is an often overlooked antidepressant.In a study at Duke University, 60 percent of clinically depressed people who took a brisk 30-minute walk or jog at least three times a week were no longer depressed after 16 weeks.Flatten That Belly

More than 50 years ago French scientist Jean Vague noted that people with a lot of upper-body fat（those who looked like apples rather than pears）often developed heart disease, diabetes and other ailments.But it wasn't until the introduction of CT and MRI scans that doctors discovered that a special kind of fat, visceral fat, located within the abdomen, was strongly linked to these diseases.According to the National Institutes of Health, there's trouble brewing when your waist measures 35 inches or more if you're a woman, and 40 inches or more if you re a man.And that's regardless of height.Limit Your Bad Habits

Heavy drinking.Moderate drinkers may be the least likely to develop Metabolic Syndrome, while alcoholics are the most likely.In part that's because, pound for pound, they carry more abdominal fat.In one Swedish study, researchers found that male alcoholics carried 48 percent of their body fat within the abdomen, compared with 38 percent for teetotalers.Cigarette smoking.Smoking is dangerous for reasons besides lung cancer or emphysema.Some 60 minutes after smoking a cigarette, one study revealed, smokers still showed elevated levels of cortisol, which promotes abdominal fat storage.Over-caffeinating.Moderate caffeine consumption doesn't seem to be harmful for most people.But recent studies suggest that when men who have both high blood pressure and a family history of hypertension drink a lot of caffeinated coffee while under job stress, they may experience a dangerous rise in blood pressure.Rev Up Your Metabolism

A new understanding of how disease sets up shop in your body focuses on metabolism—the sum of physical and chemical reactions necessary to maintain life.This approach reveals that a healthy metabolic profile counts for more than cardiovascular fitness or weight alone.As Glenn A.Gasser, professor of exercise physiology at the University of Virginia, notes, “Metabolic fitness is one of the best safeguards against heart disease, stroke and diabetes.”

11.The phrase “snapping at”（Step 1: Watch Your Temper）is closest in meaning to __________.（A）judging severely

（B）declaring publicly

（C）answering rudely

（D）understanding wrongly

12.According to the passage, which of the following people are liable to incur and suffer from heart attacks?

（A）Those whose waist measures 35 inches or less.（B）Those who take a brisk 20-minute walk twice a week.（C）Those who have experienced major depression.（D）Those who have been striving for goals.13.Stress may lead to all of the following EXCEPT_____________.（A）hostile disposition

（B）cynical behaviour

（C）over-caffeinating

（D）great ambition

14.According to the passage, what kind of people are teetotalers（Step 4: Limit Your Bad Habits）?

（A）Non-alcoholics.（B）Heavy drinkers.（C）Chain smokers.（D）Non-smokers.15.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

（A）There is trouble brewing when your waist measures 35 inches or less.（B）Metabolic fitness might prevent people from having heart disease.（C）Moderate drinkers may be the most likely to develop Metabolic Syndrome.（D）Moderate caffeine consumption seems to be harmful for most people.Questions 16~20

World prehistory is written from data recovered from thousands of archaeological sites, places where traces of human activity are to be found.Sites are normally identified through the presence of manufactured tools.Archaeological sites are most commonly classified by the activity that occurred there.Habitation sites are places where people lived and carried out a wide range of different activities.Most prehistoric sites come under this category, but habitation sites can vary from a small open campsite through rockshelters and caves, t o large accumulations of shellfish remains（shell middens）.Village habitation sites may consist of a small accumulation of occupation deposit and mud hut fragments, huge earthen mounds, or communes of stone buildings or entire buried cities.Each presents its own special excavation problems.Burial sites provide a wealth of information on the prehistoric past.Grinning skeletons are very much part of popular archaeological legend, and human remains are common finds in the archaeological record.T he earliest deliberate human burials are between fifty and seventy thousand years old.Individual burials are found in habitation sites, but often the inhabitants designated a special area for a cemetery.This cemetery could be a communal burial place where everyone was buried regardless of social status.Other burial sites, like the Shang royal cemeteries in China, were reserved for nobility alone.P arts of a cemetery were sometimes reserved for certain special individuals in society such as clan leaders or priests.The patterning of grave goods in a cemetery can provide information about intangible aspects of human society such as religious beliefs or social organization.So can the pattern of deposition of the burials, their orientation in their graves, even family grouping.Sometimes physical anthropologists can detect biological similarities between different skeletons that may reflect close family, or other, ties.Quarry sites are places where people mined prized raw materials such as obsidian（a volcanic glass used for fine knives and mirrors）or copper.Excavations at such sites yield roughed out blanks of stone, o r metal ingots, a s well as finished products ready for trading elsewhere.Such objects were bartered widely in prehistoric times.Art Sites such as the cave of Altamira in northern Spain, or Lascaux in southwestern France, are commonplace in some areas of the world, noticeably southern Africa and parts of North America.M any are caves and rockshelters where prehistoric people painted or engraved game animals, scenes of daily life, o r religious symbols.Some French art sites are at least fifteen thousand years old.Each of these site types represents a particular form of human activity, one that is represented in the archaeological record by specific artifact and surface indications found and recorded by the archaeologist.16.A n archaeological site is defined as a place where __________.（A）some record of human activity is found

（B）humans bury beloved animals

（C）evidence of plant or animal life exists

（D）particular rock formations suggest the patterns of history

17.Generally speaking, archaeological sites are classified according to ___________.（A）the people who lived there

（B）the historical period during which they were occupied

（C）the type of activity for which they were used

（D）the degree of civilization of those who lived there

18.T he author mentions all of the following features of graves which may provide archaeologists with information about a particular society EXCEPT_______.（A）the location of the grave

（B）the goods buried with the person

（C）The degree of preservation of the body

（D）The orientation of the body in the grave

19.Quarry sites are places where ________________.（A）paintings showing scenes of daily life

（B）engravings of famous people

（C）paintings recording the location of burial sites

（D）tools and primitive devices used for engraving

20.According to the passage, art sites often contain.（A）paintings showing scenes of daily life

（B）engravings of famous people

（C）paintings recording the location of burial sites

（D）tools and primitive devices used for engraving

Questions 21~25

I got used, too, to my employer's violent changes of front.There was one morning when Siegfried came down to breakfast, rubbing a hand wearily over red-rimmed eyes.“Out at 2 a.m.,” he groaned, buttering his toast listlessly, “And I don't like to have to say this, James, but it's all your fault.”

“My fault?” I said, startled.“Yes lad, your fault.T he farmer has a sick cow for several days and at 2 o'clock this morning he finally decided to call the vet.When I pointed out it could have waited a few hours more he said Mr.Herriot told him never to hesitate to ring—he'd come out any hour of the day or night.”

He tapped the top of his egg as though the effort was almost too much for him.“Well, it's all very well being conscientious and all that, but if a thing has waited several days it can wait till morning.You're spoiling these chaps, James, and I'm getting the backwash of it.I'm sick and tired of being dragged out of bed for trifles.”

“I'm truly sorry, Siegfried.I honestly had no wish to do that to you.Maybe it s just my inexperience.If I didn't go out, I d be worried the animal might die.If I left it till morning and it died, how would I feel?”

“That s all right,” snapped Siegfried.“There's nothing like a dead animal to bring them to their senses.They'll call us out a bit earlier next time.”

I absorbed this bit of advice and tried to act on it.A week later, Siegfried said he wanted a work with me.“James, I know you won't mind my saying this, but old Sumner was complaining to me today.He says he rang you the other night and you refused to come out to his cow.He's a good client, you know, and a very nice fellow, but he was quite shirty about it.We don t want to lose a chap like that.”

“But it was just a chronic mastitis,” I said' A bit of thickening in the milk, that's all.He d been dosing it himself for nearly a week with some quack remedy.The cow was eating all right, so I thought it would be quite safe to leave it till next day.“

Siegfried put a hand on my shoulder and an excessively patient look spread over his face.I steeled myself.I didn't mind his impartience, I was used to it and could stand it.But the patience was hard to take.“James,” he said in a gentle voice, “there is one fundamental rule in our job which transcends all others, and I'll tell you what it is.YOU MUST ATTEND.That is it and it ought to be written on your on your soul in letters of fire.”

21.Siegfried was not at his best on one morning because _____________.（A）his breakfast was not to his liking

（B）he had been called out during the night

（C）he had been woken up early for breakfast

（D）the farmer hadn't tried to cure the cow himself

22.According to the passage, who was the young vet?

（A）James.（B）Siegfried.（C）Sumner（D）Mr.Herrioson

23.James thought it was all right to leave Summer's cow till next day because _____________.（A）that was what Siegfried had advised

（B）Sumner had said there was no urgency

（C）He knew he could do nothing to save the animal

（D）Sumner never paid his bills on time

24.“You must attend ”（last paragraph）in the context of the passage means “_________”.（A）You must follow your conscience

（B）You must use your powers of discretion

（C）You must go out whenever you are called

（D）You must pay close attention at all times

25.The impression James gives of Siegfried is that of ____________.（A）a fairly easy-going generous employer

（B）someone rather pompous and unpredictable

（C）a conscientious but senile old man

（D）an insufferable, tyrannical boss

Questions 26~30

Most towns up to Elizabethan times were smaller than a modern village and each of them was built around its weekly market where local produce was brought for sale and the towns fold sold their work to the people from the countryside and provided them with refreshment for the day.Trade was virtually confined to that one day even in a town of a thousand or so people.On marlet days craftsmen put up their stalls in the open air whilst on one or two other days during the week the townsman would pack up his loaves, or nails, or cloth, and set out early to do a day s trade in the market of an adj oining town where, however, he would be charged a heavy toll for the privilege and get a less favourable spot for his stand than the local craftsmen.Another chance for him to make a sale was to the congregation gathered for Sunday morning worship.Although no trade was allowed anywhere during the hours of the service（except at annual fair times）, after church there would be some trade at the church door with departing country folk.The trade of markets was almost wholly concerned with exchanging the products of the nearby countryside and the goods sold in the market but particularly in food retail dealing was distrusted as a kind of profiteering.Even when there was enough trade being done to afford a livelihood to an enterprising man ready to buy wholesale and sell retail, town authorities were reluctant to allow it.Yet there were plainly people who were tempted to “forestall the market” by buying gogds outside it, and to “regrate” them, that is to resell them, at a higher price.The constantly repeated rules against these practices and the endlessly recurring prosecutions mentioned in the records of all the larger towns prove that some well-informed and sharp-witted people did these things.Every town made its own laws and if it was big enough to have craft guilds, these associations would regulate the business of their members and tried to enforce a strict monopoly of their own trades.Yet while the guild leaders, a s craftsmen, followed fiercely protectionist policies, at the same time, as leading townsmen, they wanted to see a big, busy market yielding a handsome revenue in various dues and tolls.C onflicts of interest led to endless, m inute regulations, c hangeable, often inconsistent, frequently absurd.There was a time in the fourteenth century, for example, when London fishmongers were not allowed to handle any fish that had not already been exposed for sale for three days by the men who caught it.26.Craftsmen might prefer to trade in their own town because there they could _________.（A）easily find good refreshment

（B）work in the open air

（C）start work very early

（D）have the well-placed stalls

27.A tradesman was not allowed to sell his goods only ________________.（A）on special market days

（B）at the annual fairs

（C）during Sunday morning services

（D）by the end of the services

28.In medieval markets there was little retail trade because ___________.（A）money was never used in sales

（B）producers sold directly to consumers

（C）there were no fixed positions for shops

（D）authorities were unwilling to make a profit

29.The expression “forestall the market”（Paragraph 3）means “______________”.（A）buy from a stall outside the market place

（B）acquire goods in quantity before the market

（C）have the best and the first stall in the market

（D）sell at a higher price than competitors

30.It can be concluded from the passage that the regulations enforced by craft guilds were often ______________.（A）unfair and unreasonable

（B）in the interest of the customers

（C）too complicated to comply with

（D）disapproved by the local authorities

SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST（1）（30 minutes）

Directions: translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.If the Immigration and Naturalization Service（INS）thinks it can largely curtail the nation's terrorism problems by focusing on college students, we all should worry.Identification cards already are required here for most persons to enter their workplace, take an airplane flight or go into a public building, including my campus library.T he idea of a national ID, however, was knocked out of earlier drafts of legislation by a coalition of civil rights and ethnic groups, w ho opposed a requirement that all non-citizens carry identifying documents.In some degree, they have a point.We must face the fact—and benefit from realizing－that no one can drive, or fly, or enter many private and public buildings without a picture ID, usually a driver's license or passport.That means that practically all Americans already must have what in effect is a national ID card.We already routinely screen people.If we would just make good use of the national ID cards we have—and improve them—we could enhance our safety, avoid discrimination and not spend millions on another system.SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST（2）（30 minutes）

Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.到2007 年，上海市人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值預(yù)計(jì)將達(dá)到7500 美元。這一目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)，最直接的應(yīng)該是老百姓住得更寬敞、更舒適了。因?yàn)閺氖忻竦摹耙?、食、住、行”消費(fèi)來(lái)講，住房是一個(gè)重要因素，而且占了大頭。屆時(shí)，上海人均住房面積將會(huì)大幅增加。除此之外，老百姓的服務(wù)性消費(fèi)，如教育、信息、旅游等消費(fèi) 會(huì)大量增長(zhǎng)。用一句話來(lái)表述，那便是未來(lái)老百姓的生活會(huì)更好，那時(shí)老百姓的生活將和中等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的居民一樣

參考答案

SECTION 1：LISTENING TEST

Part A: Spot Dictation

1.in the classroom

2.smooth

3.a powerful opportunity

4.denying

5.lead to

6.win-win

7.how to

8.state the problem

9.clearly define

10.both of you agree

11.take the time 12.willing to listen 13.evaluate 14.time and honesty 16.make compromise 17.make compromise 18.does not work 19.be ready

15.how difficult

20.agreed on a solution

Part B: Listening Comprehension

1－5 CABCB

6－10 BDDAB 11－15 CDBAD 16－20 DACCB 21－25 CABDA

26－30 DACCD

Part C: Listening and Translation

I.Sentence Translation

1.如今，家庭成員往往在晚上、周末或其他閑暇時(shí)間觀看電視節(jié)目，不再讀書(shū)或閑談。

2.現(xiàn)在的年輕人對(duì)自己的職業(yè)選擇沒(méi)有什么方向。這是因?yàn)樗麄兿惹皼](méi)有實(shí)際的就業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

3.我們看到亞洲在我們的雙邊貿(mào)易和投資關(guān)系方面提供了巨大的增長(zhǎng)潛力。我希望這種增長(zhǎng)持續(xù)下去并且加快速度。

4.電子商務(wù)的出現(xiàn)以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，正在為中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)外貿(mào)易提供了新的增長(zhǎng)機(jī)遇。

5.在我國(guó)，人民的生活水平在改善。如今，300 多萬(wàn)孩子有了健康保險(xiǎn)。250 多萬(wàn)個(gè)家庭脫離了貧困。

II．Passage Translation

Passage 1

我是一名電腦程序員。我的難處是因?yàn)槲夷赣H。她現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)70 多歲，確實(shí)需要人顧，因?yàn)槲腋赣H在10多年前因車(chē)禍死亡。然而她住在鄉(xiāng)下，那里沒(méi)有我可以做的工作，沒(méi)有待遇好的工作。如果我做些其他工作，或許做秘書(shū)或郵局工作人員，那就意味著我們不得不接受工資大幅地下降。所以，我不知道如何才好。

Passage 2

在今的英國(guó)，幾乎有一半的房屋是居住者私有擁有的。約有三分之一屬于本地的管理機(jī)構(gòu)，其余是租借的私房。一間兩臥室的公寓一個(gè)月的租金一般約300 磅。如果想自己買(mǎi)房，人們可以從銀行借貸多達(dá)90％的購(gòu)房款。但大筆貸款可能要20 年至30 年才能還清。

SECTION 2：STUDY SKILLS

1－5 CBDBD 6 －10 DBDAD 11－15 CCDAB 16－20 ACCCA

21－25 BAACB

26－30 DCBBA

SECTION 3：TRANSLATION TEST（1）

如果移民歸化局認(rèn)為，它能夠通過(guò)對(duì)大學(xué)生進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)管理，大幅度地減少在美國(guó)的恐怖主義活動(dòng)，我們大家都應(yīng) 為此擔(dān)心。

在美國(guó)，現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人進(jìn)入工作場(chǎng)所、乘飛機(jī)或進(jìn)入公共大樓，包括我所在大學(xué)的圖書(shū)館，已經(jīng)需要出示身份證。然而，倡導(dǎo)民權(quán)的團(tuán)體和少數(shù)民族團(tuán)體反對(duì)一切非美國(guó)公民必須隨身攜帶身份證的規(guī)定，他們結(jié)成聯(lián)盟，推翻了立法的最初幾稿中關(guān)于實(shí)施全國(guó)統(tǒng)一身份證的主張。在某種程度上，他們是有道理的。

我們必須面對(duì)這一事實(shí)，并因認(rèn)識(shí)到這一事實(shí)而獲益，即每一個(gè)人駕車(chē)、乘飛機(jī)、或進(jìn)入許多私人大樓或公共大樓，都必須出示有照片的身份證，通常是駕駛執(zhí)照或護(hù)照。這意味著，實(shí)際上所有美國(guó)人早就必須持有事實(shí)上全國(guó)通用的身份證。

對(duì)人們進(jìn)行甄別，在我們這兒早就是例行公事。只要好好使用大家已持有的全國(guó)通用身份證，并加以改進(jìn)，就可以增強(qiáng)安全，避免歧視，而不必在另一個(gè)系統(tǒng)花上數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元。

SECTION 4：TRANSLATION TEST（2）

The per capita GDP in Shanghai is expected to reach US $7500 by 2007.T he common people should benefit most directly from the attainment of this goal.T hey will live more comfortably in bigger space.Among the basic necessities of life food, clothing, s helter and transportation housing is an important element, accounting for a big portion in the money they spend.In 2007, the average per capita living space in Shanghai will increase by a big margin.In addition, t he common people's spending on such services as education, information and traveling will grow substantially.To put it in a nutshell, in the future the common people will live a better life, a life of the same standard as enjoyed by those in the middle-ranking developed countries.聽(tīng)力測(cè)試題錄音文字稿:

SECTION 1：LISTENING TEST

Part A: Spot Dictation

Directions: I n this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the word you have heard on the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Now let's begin Part A with Spot Dictation.（Woman）As long as we are in a relationship, there is the potential for lasting happiness as well as for serious conflict.This applies at work, in the classroom, and at home.The simple fact is that relationships are not always smooth sailing.C onflict can lead to anger, h ostility, a nd further conflicts.O n the other hand, i t can be used as a powerful opportunity for solving problems.For example, you can handle conflict by denying that the problem exists, smoothing it over, or trying to overpower the other person.These, of course, will lead to win or lose situations.But when you resolve conflict through collaboration and compromise, you can achieve win-win situations.In today's lecture, I shall outline a few steps on how to transform a conflict into a solution in which both parties win.First, state the problem.Explain the problem to the other party.You should clearly define the conflict, it's hard to fix something before both of you agree on what is broken.Second, understand all points of view.Ste aside your own opinions for a moment and take the time to understand the other points of view.When people feel that they have been heard, they're often more willing to listen.Third, brainstorm solutions.Dream up as many solutions as you can and evaluate them one by one.This step will require time and honesty.Talk about which solutions will work and how difficult they will be to implement.Your solutions need to be acceptable by both parties, so you should be prepared to make compromise.Later, you will need to review the effectiveness of the accepted solution.If it does not work, be open to making changes or be ready to bring about a new solution.Finally, implement.W hen you both have agreed on a solution, decide who is going to do what by when.They keep your agreements.Relationships change for better or for worse.B ut if you are honest, p atient and quite flexible in seeking a resolution for the conflict, your painstaking efforts will certainly pay off.Part B: Listening Comprehension

I.Statements

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements.These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE.And you will not find them written on the paper;so you must listen carefully.When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard.Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Question No.1.（Man）I'm afraid Mr.Baker, our board director, had decided last night not to attend this morning's committee meeting.Question No.2.（Woman）A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back that are really due to stress and tension in their work.Question No.3.（Man）For this machine, we also offer two year's guarantee and free monthly cleaning and oiling for this machine.Question No.4.（Woman）High school graduates should by all means go on to college.But they should first of all think about what they want to get, or need to get, out of a college education.Question No.5.（Woman）All the board members except the Chairman voted for my proposal to set up a branch office in the suburbs instead of the downtown area.Question No.6.（Woman）Just between you and me, Mary is shortlisted and has made an appointment to see that personnel manager next Tuesday.Question No.7.（Man）The building of the proposed down-town supermarket was completed sixty days ahead of the schedule.Question No.8.（Man）As an assistant manager, h er attendance record was perfect except for once when she was down with a severe cold.Question No.9.（Woman）Had he realized the possible consequences, he wouldn t have made the suggestion at the committee meeting last week.Question No.10.（Woman）The Gardening Expo was supposed to open tomorrow, but will be delayed until Friday, due to the bad weather conditions.II.Talks and Conversations

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations.After each of these, you will hear a few questions.L isten carefully, b ecause you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE.W hen you hear a question, r ead the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question.Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following conversation.（Woman）（Nervously）Good afternoon, Mr.Tigers.Did you have a good lunch?

（Man）Yes, thank you, Miss Bradley.It was very good.Did anyone phone while I was out?

（Woman）No, Nobody phoned, but … er …Mr.Powell came.（Man）What? But he s the man I told you about!

（Woman）Yes, I know, He came in for something urgent.He said he wanted to see you right away, but …

（Man）Well, then, why didn t you phone me? We all know that Mr.Powell has some very important information.I wanted to talk to him as soon as possible.I told you all that before I left.Didn't you understand me?

（Woman）Yes, of course, I understood you, Mr.Tigers, but …

（Man）I even gave you a card with the name and phone number of the restaurant!I put it on your desk.（Woman）But that sjust it!You didn't give me the card.You didn't put it on my desk!

（Man）What do you mean? Of course I did.I took the card out of my wallet just before I went to lunch!Look!It isn't in my wallet now!（suddenly）OH!

（Woman）Mr.Tigers, what s that card on the floor? It fell out of your wallet a second ago.（Man）That card? It's … er … it's the card I thought I gave you.（Woman）You see!You forgot to give me the card!That's why I didn't phone.I didn't know where you were having your lunch.（Man）No, o f course you didn't.I 'm very sorry, M iss Bradley.I t wasn't your fault.I apologize.（Woman）That s all right.Please forget it.Question No.11.What happened during the man's lunch time?

Question No.12.Why is the man angry with the woman?

Question No.13.What did the man think he had given to the woman?

Question No.14.Which of the following is NOT true according to the conversation?

Questions 15 to 18 are based on the following talk.（Woman）In the United Kingdom, the Open University has already been the symbol and pride of further education in Britain.I ts history can trace as far as the early 60's of the last century.In 1963 the leader of the Labour Party made a speech explaining plans for a “university of the air”.I was an educational system which would make use of television, radio and correspondence courses.At first many people thought that the plan was unrealistic and they laughed at the idea.However, it was to become part of the Labour Party s programme, that is, to give educational opportunity to those people who, f or one reason or another, h ad not had a chance to receive further education.B y August 1970 the Open University, as it is now called, had received 40,000 applications.B ut only 25,000 could be accepted for the first four'foundation'courses offered that year.And the University had to add a fifth course to cater for the increasing number and demand of candidates.In January 1971, the first teaching programmes appeared on the air and screen, with clerks, farm workers, housewives, teachers, policemen and many others as students.The Open University offered carefully-prepared correspondence units to its students and gave additional necessary equipment for a “mini”home laboratory to its science students.A number of study centers have been set up all over the country so that students can attend lectures once a week.Once a year the students are invited to spend a week or so at one of the university's summer schools.Although some critics complain of the cost the availability of the subj ects and the lack method of spreading further education in Britain.Question No.15.According to the talk, at what time were the first Open University programmes put on the air?

Question No.16.Which of the following are NOT given by the Open University?

Question No.17.What is one of the advantages of the Open University?

Question No.18.For what purpose were the study centers set up?

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the following conversation.（Man）What did you say you were going to take up as a career?

（Woman）Law.Actually, I’ve already started.I began my studies at the Bartlett Law School of the Festoon University last October.（Man）What are you going to do when you finish?

（Woman）Oh, I shall go back home and practice there.I may start with some clerical work, but eventually I'm going to set up my own law office.There's a great deal of scope for law years or solicitors in my country and a lot of useful work to be done there people get married and then divorced, people begin to buy their own houses, people feel mistreated by the community or the authority.They need law years, do they?

（Man）What made you decide to take up law as a career?

（Woman）Well, I was good at making a speech at school and I think I had a certain feeling for communication and persuasion.My teachers encouraged me and said I had a bent for law or the like.I suppose my personal qualities made me choose law, and not art or architecture, for instance.Of course, in my country lawyers are respected and well paid.And they are in great demand.（Man）But, will you find it difficult to become recognized in your own country?

（Woman）To a certain extent, yes.But I expect that a woman lawyer alxo9 has some advantages in the court.E specially for some kinds of cases, f or example, i f my client is a woman who claims certain rights from her divorced husband, a woman lawyer can understand better and do a better job.（Man）But why have you chosen America for your studies, why not some other country?

（Woman）Ah well, there are lots of reasons.But I'm not sorry because you've got some of the best law schools in the world.Question No.19.What is the woman?

Question No.20.For what reason does the woman choose law as her career?

Question No.21.According to the woman, what advantage does a woman lawyer have in the court?

Question No.22.Why does the woman go to an American university for her studies?

Questions 23 to 26 are based on the following talk.（Man）Good morning.I 've been interested to read your last week's composition assignments on the Englishman's obsession with the weather, which is a characteristic noted with amusement and surprise by so many of our visitors from abroad.It's true that talking about the weather is a staple topic of conversation in this country, but as a native speaker and an expert on socio-linguistics, I an of the opinion that the reasons for this practice are not only climatic but also social.Greeting people with expressions such as “Lovely day, isn’t it?” or “What terrible weather we re having, aren’t t we?” is our way of being friendly or starting a conversation.It may have very little to do with the state of the weather as such when the conversation starts.As a matter of fact, we expect the other person to say “Yes, it is.” or “Yes, we are.” in the same way that we expect a person to say “Hullo!” when we say “Hullo!” to greet him or her.However, t his distinctive social convention can be very puzzling to foreigners.Of course, t his way of making conversation is closely related to the variability of the weather in this country.There must be few places in the world where the weather changes quite so much from day to day.If you drive a car on one of our motorways, you may find yourself in the sunshine, mist, rain, snow or even storms within the same day.No wonder we take a daily interest in it!But I do think we are much too fond of running down our own climate, which is not half as had as some people make out.Our obsession is not so much with talking about the weather as with speaking ill of it.It may as well be talking for talking s sake.Question No.23.According to the talk, what is a typical Englishman obsessed with?

Question No.24.To whom is the man addressing his speech?

Question No.25.Why does the Englishman say, “Lovely day, isn t it?”

Question No.26.Which of the following can be concluded from the talk?

Questions 27 to 30 are based on the following conversation.（Man）Mrs.Brown, I understand that you are very concerned about the housing situation in this country.（Woman）Indeed I am.The government itself admits that there are more than two million houses which ought to be pulled down at once.It also admits that there are another two and half million in such a shocking state that it would be a waste of money to repair them.（Man）What do you mean by “shocking state”?

（Woman）I mean houses that are in such a bad condition that they are permanently damp, or houses where you ll find as four families sharing one tap and one toilet.（Man）What you are saying, in effect, Mrs.Brown, is that the housing in this country isn't worthy of a welfare state!

（Woman）Exactly!According to government figures there are about 20,000 homeless people in this country, but thousands more living in such terrible conditions that they ought to be classed as homeless.The figures can be as high as over 200,000.it isn't that these people can't afford a reasonable rent.Therejust aren't enough houses.（Man）Whom do you blame?

（Woman）The government, for not providing enough money, and the district councils for not spending properly what there is.（Man）What about the local housing committees? Many of them have been doing wonderful work during the past decade.（Woman）I agree, but that doesn't excuse the local councils that are inefficient and don't take enough interest.Don't you think it is shocking that in our modern civilization there are still families who have nowhere to live? Do you think it's right that whole families should have to sleep in the ruins of empty buildings or under bridges or in railway station waiting-rooms?

（Man）But Surely there are excellent hostels where they can go.（Woman）In some cities and towns, p erhaps, b ut things are very different in many of our midland and northern industrial cities, a nd in parts of the Metropolis.Even where there are;o ases, some of the state-run homes for the homeless are less comfortable than prisons.In any case, my point is that we shouldn't need so many hostels for homeless families because there shouldn't be any homeless families!

（Man）Mrs.Brown, I think many people would say that you are exaggerating and drawing attention to the worst housing conditions instead of looking at the situation as a whole.Would you agree that you belong to a “pressure group” which is trying to bring pressure on the government to do something about the housing problem?

（Woman）If that s what belonging to a pressure group means, the answer is “yes”!But I'm not exaggerating.Housing is the most serious problem of our welfare state.If it weren't, would we hear so much about that excellent charity organization, Shelter, which does such wonderful work in finding homes for the homeless?

Question No.27.According to the government figures, how many people are homeless?

Question No.28.Whom does the woman blame for the “shocking” housing situation?

Question No.29.According to the woman, why are there so many homeless families?

Question No.30.What is “Shelter”, as is mentioned at the end of the conversation?

Part C: Listening and Translation

I.Sentence Translation

Directions: In this part of the test, y ou will hear 5 English sentences.Y ou will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Now let s begin Part C with Sentence Translation.Sentence No.1.Nowadays, i nstead of reading or talking, f amily members often spend their evenings, weekends or other leisure times watching programmes on television.Sentence No.2.Young people today have few guidelines on which to base their choice of career.This is because they have no previous practical experience of employment.Sentence No.3.We have seen Asia offer an enormous potential for growth in our bilateral trade and investment relations.I want this growth to continue and accelerate.Sentence No.4.The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are providing new growth opportunities in China s foreign and domestic trade.Sentence No.5.In our country, people's living conditions are improving.More than 3 million children have health insurance now, a nd more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty.II.Passage Translation

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages.You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.You may take notes while you are listening.Now, let s begin Passage Translation with the first passage.Passage 1

（Woman）I am a computer programmer.My problem is with my mother.She is now well over 70 and she really needs help, a s my father died of a car accident more than ten years ago.But where she lives, i n the countryside, there's no work available for me, no job with a decent pay.If I work there as something else, perhaps as a secretary or a post-office clerk, it means we have to take a drastic drop in salary.So I don't really know what to do.Passage 2

（Man）In Britain today, almost half of the houses are owned by the people who live in them.About one third are owned by the local authorities, and the rest are rented from private owners.A typical rent for a two-bed roomed house is about 300a month.If people want to buy their own house, they can borrow from the banks up to 90 per cent of the cost of that house.But large mortgages may take 20 to 30 years to pay off.