楊瀾ted演講的單詞列表（共5則）

第一篇：楊瀾ted演講的單詞列表

Vocabulary

Introduction

entrepreneur 企業(yè)家

the Oprah of China 中國(guó)的奧普拉

insight 洞察

microblog 微型

injustice 不公正

--Part 1

Scotland 蘇格蘭

Chin’s Got Talent 千石的GOT人才

Susan Boyle 蘇珊大媽

parallel 并聯(lián)

vendor 供應(yīng)商

managed 管理

lyrics 歌詞

Nessun Dorma 今夜無(wú)人入睡

otherness 他物

least expected 至少預(yù)期

entertainment 娛樂(lè)

perspectives 觀(guān)點(diǎn)

point of view 點(diǎn)的觀(guān)點(diǎn)

platform平臺(tái)

-----Part 2

fortunate 幸運(yùn)

witness 證人

transformation 改造

Sheraton 喜來(lái)登

interrogated 審問(wèn)

summoned 傳喚

poise 鎮(zhèn)靜

offended 得罪

prime-time 黃金時(shí)段

script 腳本

unheard 聞所未聞

embracing擁抱

vice versa 反之亦然

---Part 3

social media 社會(huì)化媒體

Twitter 嘰嘰喳喳

claimed 聲稱(chēng)

Chamber of Commerce 商會(huì)

sensitive 敏感

nerve 神經(jīng)

aroused 引起

turmoil 動(dòng)蕩

credibility 信譽(yù)

controversy 爭(zhēng)議

clarify 澄清

investigation 調(diào)查

associated 相關(guān)

transparency 透明度

------Part 4

abortion 流產(chǎn)

pose 提出

potential 潛在illiteracy 文盲

short supply 供不應(yīng)求

tribe of ants 部落的螞蟻

ratio 比

skyrocketing 暴漲

sandwiched 夾

vulnerable 脆弱

inflation 通貨膨脹

tightening 收緊

loans 貸款

appreciation 升值

decline 下降

appalling 駭人聽(tīng)聞的incident 事件

compound 復(fù)合contagious 傳染性的isolation 隔離

upgrade 升級(jí)

coastal 沿海

shortage 短缺

------Part 5

diagrams 圖

Engels coefficient 恩格爾系數(shù)

dropped 下降

indicating 說(shuō)明

rising 上升

Gini coefficient 基尼系數(shù)

inequality 不平等

frustrated 沮喪

losing 失去

mobility 流動(dòng)

bitterness 苦味

resentment 怨恨

widespread 廣泛

accusations 指責(zé)

corruption 腐敗

backdoor dealings 幕后交易

arouse 喚起

outcry 喊叫

unrest 動(dòng)蕩

accountability 問(wèn)責(zé)制

massive 大規(guī)模的urbanization 城市化

forced 被迫

demolition 拆除

requisition 征用

faked 偽造

refining 提煉

slop 泥漿

--Part 6

policy-making 決策

personal life 個(gè)人生活

luxury 豪華

expenditures 支出

consumers 消費(fèi)者

sense of identity 認(rèn)同感

social status 社會(huì)地位

explicitly 明確

diamond ring 鉆戒

banquet 宴會(huì)

commitment 承諾

caging 隔離罩

kidnapped 綁架

food processing 食品加工

spotted 斑

negotiation談判

witnessed 目擊

reunion 團(tuán)圓

sacrifice 犧牲

reform 改革

sustainability 可持續(xù)發(fā)展 stability 穩(wěn)定

capable 能力

self-correctness

content 內(nèi)容

friction 摩擦

transform 變換

自我的正確性

Yang Lan, born in 1968 in Beijing, who holds a master's degree from Columbia University in the United States, is one of China's 50 most successful entrepreneurs and probably China's wealthiest self-made woman.Yang Lan was 21 in her last year at the Beijing Foreign Studies University in 1990 when she auditioned for – and won--the position of host of the Zheng Da variety show on China Central Television.Within a year Zheng Da, a prime-time-Saturday celebrity quiz and talk show, was China's top-rated TV program, with an audience of 220 million.Despite her celebrity, Yang Lan quit the show after four years to go to New York where she spent two years earning a master's degree at Columbia University's School of International & Public Affairs.Yang's TV skills are matched by a keen mind for business.In 1999, with her husband, Bruno Wu Zheng, she started her own media company, Sun Television Cyber networks(Sun TV).Traded on the Hong Kong stock exchange since last April, Sun TV was valued at $179 million on Nov.3.Yang owns 35%, worth $63 million.Yang's mother was an engineer, and her father taught English literature at Beijing Foreign Studies University and sometimes served as the official translator for former Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai.Yang Lan was appointed one of the image ambassadors of Beijing in its 2008 bid in January, joining Deng Yaping and two other Chinese women to be so honored: Gong Li, the film actress, and Sang Lan, the gymnast who was paralyzed in 1998 as she represented China at the Goodwill Game in the United States.Key words：

1.heading for 去...2.performing guest表演嘉賓3.vendor 小販

4.hilarious 滑稽的5.belonged to otherness 屬于少數(shù)

6.historic transformation 歷史變革 7.Interrogate面試審問(wèn)

8.Summon the courage 鼓起勇氣 9.poise 穩(wěn)定10.set my foot in步入

11.audition 試鏡 12.supportive服從的 13.bidding for 申辦14.vice versa反之一樣

15.the Chamber of Commerce商會(huì) 16.stepped on a sensitive nerve觸動(dòng)敏感神經(jīng)

17.turmoil混亂焦慮 18.credibility可信性 19.controversy was so heated 爭(zhēng)議發(fā)酵

20.subdivision分支 21.the public still doesn’t buy it公眾不買(mǎi)賬 22.boom 快速增長(zhǎng)

23.selected abortion 選擇性墮胎 24.favored boys to girls重男輕女

25.pose a potential danger to the society給社會(huì)帶來(lái)不穩(wěn)定因素

26.illiteracy rate文盲率 27.life expectancy人均壽命 28.tribe of ants蟻?zhàn)?/p>

29.Skyrocketing猛漲的 30.migrant workers農(nóng)民工 31.sense of belonging歸屬感

32.Vulnerable脆弱的 33.appalling incident駭人聽(tīng)聞的事件

34.contagious disease傳染病 35.outcry from society 社會(huì)呼吁 36.resentment 憤恨

37.accusations of corruption 腐敗指控 38.backdoor dealings走后門(mén)

39.unrest 不穩(wěn)定 40.accountability責(zé)任性 41.massive urbanization急速城鎮(zhèn)化

42.forced demolition of private property強(qiáng)制拆遷私人住戶(hù)

43.set themselves on fire to protest自焚方式來(lái)抗議

44.cooking oil from restaurant slop地溝油 45.commitment 承諾

46.keep sustainability and stability保持穩(wěn)定性和可持續(xù)性發(fā)展

第三篇：楊瀾TED演講演講

楊瀾楊瀾楊瀾楊瀾TED演講演講演講演講：：：：重塑中國(guó)的年輕一代重塑中國(guó)的年輕一代重塑中國(guó)的年輕一代重塑中國(guó)的年輕一代（（（（英文演講稿英文演講稿英文演講稿英文演講稿））））

Yang Lan: The generation that's remaking China

The night before I was heading for Scotland, I was invited to host the final of “China's Got Talent” show in Shanghai with the 80,000 live audiences in the stadium.Guess who was the performing guest? Susan Boyle.And I told her, “I'm going to Scotland the next day.” She sang beautifully, and she even managed to say a few words in Chinese.[Chinese]So it's not like “hello” or “thank you,” that ordinary stuff.It means “green onion for free.” Why did she say that? Because it was a line from our Chinese parallel Susan Boyle--a 50-some year-old woman, a vegetable vendor in Shanghai, who loves singing Western opera, but she didn't understand any English or French or Italian, so she managed to fill in the lyrics with vegetable names in Chinese.(Laughter)And the last sentence of Nessun Dorma that she was singing in the stadium was “green onion for free.” So [as] Susan Boyle was saying that, 80,000 live audiences sang together.That was hilarious.So I guess both Susan Boyle and this vegetable vendor in Shanghai belonged to otherness.They were the least expected to be successful in the business called entertainment, yet their courage and talent brought them through.And a show and a platform gave them the stage to realize their dreams.Well, being different is not that difficult.We are all different from different perspectives.But I think being different is good, because you present a different point of view.You may have the chance to make a difference.My generation has been very fortunate to witness and participate in the historic transformation of China that has made so many changes in the past 20, 30 years.I remember that in the year of 1990, when I was graduating from college, I was applying for a job in the sales department of the first five-star hotel in Beijing, Great Wall Sheraton--it's still there.So after being interrogated by this Japanese manager for a half an hour, he finally said, “So, Miss Yang, do you have any questions to ask me?” I summoned my courage and poise and said,“ Yes, but could you let me know, what actually do you sell?” I didn't have a clue what a sales department was about in a five-star hotel.That was the first day I set my foot in a five-star hotel.Around the same time, I was going through an audition--the first ever open audition by national television in China--with another thousand college girls.The producer told us they were looking for some sweet, innocent and beautiful fresh face.So when it was my turn, I stood up and said, “Why [do] women's personalities on television always have to be beautiful, sweet, innocent and, you know, supportive? Why can't they have their own ideas and their own voice?” I thought I kind of offended them.But actually, they were impressed by my words.And so I was in the second round of competition, and then the third and the fourth.After seven rounds of competition, I was the last one to survive it.So I was on a national television prime-time show.And believe it or not, that was the first show on Chinese television that allowed its hosts to speak out of their own minds without reading an approved script.(Applause)And my weekly audience at that time was between 200 to 300 million people.Well after a few years, I decided to go to the U.S.and Columbia University to pursue mypostgraduate studies, and then started my own media company, which was unthought of during the years that I started my career.So we do a lot of things.I've interviewed more than a thousand people in the past.And sometimes I have young people approaching me say, “Lan, you changed my life,” and I feel proud of that.But then we are also so fortunate to witness the transformation of the whole country.I was in Beijing's bidding for the Olympic Games.I was representing the Shanghai Expo.I saw China embracing the world and vice versa.But then sometimes I'm thinking, what are today's young generation up to? How are they different, and what are the differences they are going to make to shape the future of China, or at large, the world?

So today I want to talk about young people through the platform of social media.First of all, who are they? [What] do they look like? Well this is a girl called Guo Meimei--20 years old, beautiful.She showed off her expensive bags, clothes and car on her microblog, which is the Chinese version of Twitter.And she claimed to be the general manager of Red Cross at the Chamber of Commerce.She didn't realize that she stepped on a sensitive nerve and aroused national questioning, almost a turmoil, against the credibility of Red Cross.The controversy was so heated that the Red Cross had to open a press conference to clarify it, and the investigation is going on.So far, as of today, we know that she herself made up that title--probably because she feels proud to be associated with charity.All those expensive items were given to her as gifts by her boyfriend, who used to be a board member in a subdivision of Red Cross at Chamber of Commerce.It's very complicated to explain.But anyway, the public still doesn't buy it.It is still boiling.It shows us a general mistrust of government or government-backed institutions, which lacked transparency in the past.And also it showed us the power and the impact of social media as microblog.Microblog boomed in the year of 2010, with visitors doubled and time spent on it tripled.Sina.com, a major news portal, alone has more than 140 million microbloggers.On Tencent, 200 million.The most popular blogger--it's not me--it's a movie star, and she has more than 9.5 million followers, or fans.About 80 percent of those microbloggers are young people, under 30 years old.And because, as you know, the traditional media is still heavily controlled by the government, social media offers an opening to let the steam out a little bit.But because you don't have many other openings, the heat coming out of this opening is sometimes very strong, active and even violent.So through microblogging, we are able to understand Chinese youth even better.So how are they different? First of all, most of them were born in the 80s and 90s, under the one-child policy.And because of selected abortion by families who favored boys to girls, now we have ended up with 30 million more young men than women.That could pose a potential danger to the society, but who knows;we're in a globalized world, so they can look for girlfriends from other countries.Most of them have fairly good education.The illiteracy rate in China among this generation is under one percent.In cities, 80 percent of kids go to college.But they are facing an aging China with a population above 65 years old coming up with seven-point-some percent this year, and about to be 15 percent by the year of 2030.And you know we have the tradition that younger generations support the elders financially, and taking care of them when they're sick.So it means young couples will have to support four parents who have a life expectancy of 73 years old.So making a living is not that easy for young people.College graduates are not in short supply.In urban areas, college graduates find the starting salary is about 400 U.S.dollars a month, while the average rent is above $500.So what do they do? They have to share space--squeezed in very limited space to save money--and they call themselves “tribe of ants.” And for those who are ready to get married and buy their apartment, they figured out they have to work for 30 to 40 years to afford their first apartment.That ratio in America would only cost a couple five years to earn, but in China it's 30 to 40 years with the skyrocketing real estate price.Among the 200 million migrant workers, 60 percent of them are young people.They find themselves sort of sandwiched between the urban areas and the rural areas.Most of them don't want to go back to the countryside, but they don't have the sense of belonging.They work for longer hours with less income, less social welfare.And they're more vulnerable to job losses, subject to inflation, tightening loans from banks, appreciation of the renminbi, or decline of demand from Europe or America for the products they produce.Last year, though, an appalling incident in a southern OEM manufacturing compound in China: 13 young workers in their late teens and early 20s committed suicide, just one by one like causing a contagious disease.But they died because of all different personal reasons.But this whole incident aroused a huge outcry from society about the isolation, both physical and mental, of these migrant workers.For those who do return back to the countryside, they find themselves very welcome locally, because with the knowledge, skills and networks they have learned in the cities, with the assistance of the Internet, they're able to create more jobs, upgrade local agriculture and create new business in the less developed market.So for the past few years, the coastal areas, they found themselves in a shortage of labor.These diagrams show a more general social background.The first one is the Engels coefficient, which explains that the cost of daily necessities has dropped its percentage all through the past decade, in terms of family income, to about 37-some percent.But then in the last two years, it goes up again to 39 percent, indicating a rising living cost.The Gini coefficient has already passed the dangerous line of 0.4.Now it's 0.5--even worse than that in America--showing us the income inequality.And so you see this whole society getting frustrated about losing some of its mobility.And also, the bitterness and even resentment towards the rich and the powerful is quite widespread.So any accusations of corruptionor backdoor dealings between authorities or business would arouse a social outcry or even unrest.So through some of the hottest topics on microblogging, we can see what young people care most about.Social justice and government accountability runs the first in what they demand.For the past decade or so, a massive urbanization and development have let us witness a lot of reports on the forced demolition of private property.And it has aroused huge anger and frustration among our young generation.Sometimes people get killed, and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest.So when these incidents are reported more and more frequently on the Internet, people cry for the government to take actions to stop thiSo the good news is that earlier this year, the state council passed a new regulation on house requisition and demolition and passed the right to order forced demolition from local governments to the court.Similarly, many other issues concerning public safety is a hot topic on the Internet.We heard about polluted air, polluted water, poisoned food.And guess what, we have faked beef.They have sorts of ingredients that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish, and it turns it to look like beef.And then lately, people are very concerned about cooking oil, because thousands of people have been found [refining] cooking oil from restaurant slop.So all these things have aroused a huge outcry from the Internet.And fortunately, we have seen the government responding more timely and also more frequently to the public concerns.While young people seem to be very sure about their participation in public policy-making, but sometimes they're a little bit lost in terms of what they want for their personal life.China is soon to pass the U.S.as the number one market for luxury brands--that's not including the Chinese expenditures in Europe and elsewhere.But you know what, half of those consumers are earning a salary below 2,000 U.S.dollars.They're not rich at all.They're taking those bags and clothes as a sense of identity and social status.And this is a girl explicitly saying on a TV dating show that she would rather cry in a BMW than smile on a bicycle.But of course, we do have young people who would still prefer to smile, whether in a BMW or [on] a bicycle.So in the next picture, you see a very popular phenomenon called “naked” wedding, or “naked” marriage.It does not mean they will wear nothing in the wedding, but it shows that these young couples are ready to get married without a house, without a car, without a diamond ring and without a wedding banquet, to show their commitment to true love.And also, people are doing good through social media.And the first picture showed us that a truck caging 500 homeless and kidnapped dogs for food processing was spotted and stopped on the highway with the whole country watching through microblogging.People were donating money, dog food and offering volunteer work to stop that truck.And after hours of negotiation, 500 dogs were rescued.And here also people are helping to find missing children.A father posted his son's picture onto the Internet.After thousands of [unclear], the child was found, and we witnessed the reunion of the family through microblogging.So happiness is the most popular word we have heard through the past two years.Happiness is not only related to personal experiences and personal values, but also, it's about the environment.People are thinking about the following questions: Are we going to sacrifice our environment further to produce higher GDP? How are we going to perform our social and political reform to keep pace with economic growth, to keep sustainability and stability? And also, how capable is the system of self-correctness to keep more people content with all sorts of friction going on at the same time? I guess these are the questions people are going to answer.And our younger generation are going to transform this country while at the same time being transformed themselves.Thank you very much.10

第四篇：楊瀾TED演講中英文對(duì)照

楊瀾TED演講：重塑中國(guó)的年輕一代

The night before I was heading for Scotland, I was invited to host the final of “China's Got Talent” show in Shanghai with the 80,000 live audience in the stadium.在我去蘇格蘭的前一晚，中國(guó)達(dá)人秀邀請(qǐng)我到上海主持總決賽體育館的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)有八萬(wàn)名觀(guān)眾.Guess who was the performing guest? Susan Boyle.And I told her, “I'm going to Scotland the next day.” 知道特別嘉賓是誰(shuí)嗎？蘇珊大媽.我告訴她，“我明天要去蘇格蘭.“She sang beautifully, and she even managed to say a few words in Chinese: 她不但歌聲非常動(dòng)聽(tīng)，還學(xué)會(huì)了說(shuō)幾句中文.送你蔥 So it's not like ”hello“ or ”thank you,“ that ordinary stuff.她說(shuō):“送你蔥” 這句話(huà)的意思不是“你好,” “謝謝,” 那類(lèi)的話(huà).It means ”green onion for free.“ ”送你蔥“意思是“免費(fèi)的大蔥.” Why did she say that? Because it was a line from our Chinese parallel Susan Boyle--a 50-some year-old woman, a vegetable vendor in Shanghai, who loves singing Western opera, but she didn't understand any English or French or Italian, so she managed to fill in the lyrics with vegetable names in Chinese.她為什么要說(shuō)這句話(huà)呢? 因?yàn)椤八湍闶[” 是來(lái)自有著”中國(guó)蘇珊大媽“之稱(chēng)的一位五十多歲在上海賣(mài)菜的女?dāng)傌? 她非常喜歡西方歌劇, 但她不懂歌詞的意思也不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ), 法語(yǔ), 或是意大利語(yǔ), 所以她以獨(dú)特的方式來(lái)記歌詞將歌詞全部換成蔬菜名.(Laughter)And the last sentence of Nessun Dorma that she was singing in the stadium was ”green onion for free.“ So [as] Susan Boyle was saying that, 80,000 live audience sang together.That was hilarious.意大利歌劇公主徹夜未眠的最后一句她當(dāng)時(shí)就是以 ”送你蔥“來(lái)演唱的.當(dāng)蘇珊大媽說(shuō)了這句話(huà)的時(shí)候, 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的八萬(wàn)名觀(guān)眾一起跟著唱了起來(lái).當(dāng)時(shí)的場(chǎng)面十分有趣.So I guess both Susan Boyle and this vegetable vendor in Shanghai belonged to otherness.They were the least expected to be successful in the business called entertainment, yet their courage and talent brought them through.And a show and a platform gave them the stage to realize their dreams.我想蘇珊大媽和這位在上海做蔬菜買(mǎi)賣(mài)的都屬于與眾不同的一類(lèi)。她們被認(rèn)為是在演藝圈最不可能取得成功的人，但是他們的勇氣和天賦把她們帶到了夢(mèng)想的彼岸。而且有一個(gè)節(jié)目去給他們舞臺(tái)去實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想。Well, being different is not that difficult.We are all different from different perspectives.But I think being different is good, because you present a different point of view.You may have the chance to make a difference.當(dāng)然與眾不同并沒(méi)有那么難，從不同的角度看我們都是不一樣的。我認(rèn)為與眾不同是好的，因?yàn)楸憩F(xiàn)出你有不同的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，這給你機(jī)會(huì)去產(chǎn)生不同的影響。

My generation has been very fortunate to witness and participate in the historic transformation of China that has made so many changes in the past 20, 30 years.我這個(gè)年代的人是幸運(yùn)的我們目睹并參與了中國(guó)歷史性的變化.在過(guò)去的二，三十年裡中國(guó)發(fā)生了很多變化.I remember that in the year of 1990, when I was graduating from college, I was applying for a job in the sales department of the first five-star hotel in Beijing, Great Wall Sheraton--it's still there.So after being interrogated by this Japanese manager for a half an hour, he finally said, ”So, Miss Yang, do you have any questions to ask me?“ I summoned my courage and poise and said, ”Yes, but could you let me know, what actually do you sell?“ I didn't have a clue what a sales department was about in a five-star hotel.That was the first day I set my foot in a five-star hotel.我還記得1990年的時(shí)候.我剛好讀完大學(xué), 我當(dāng)時(shí)申請(qǐng)了一個(gè)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)的工作地點(diǎn)是北京的一個(gè)五星級(jí)賓館, 這個(gè)賓館現(xiàn)在還有, 叫喜來(lái)登長(zhǎng)城飯店.在被一位日本經(jīng)理詢(xún)問(wèn)了半小時(shí)之后, 他在面試要結(jié)束時(shí)說(shuō), ”楊小姐，你有問(wèn)題要問(wèn)我嗎?“ 我鼓起了勇氣，鎮(zhèn)定地問(wèn)，”你能不能告訴我, 你們賣(mài)什么的?“ 因?yàn)槲耶?dāng)時(shí)完全不知道一個(gè)五星級(jí)飯店的銷(xiāo)售部要做什么.那是我第一次走進(jìn)一家五星級(jí)飯店.Around the same time, I was going through an audition--the first ever open audition by national television in China--with another thousand college girls.The producer told us they were looking for some sweet, innocent and beautiful fresh face.與此同時(shí), 我參加了由中國(guó)國(guó)家電臺(tái)舉辦的試聽(tīng)會(huì) 這是第一個(gè)向大眾開(kāi)放的試聼會(huì) 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)還有上千名的女大生.製作人告訴我們他們?cè)谡姨鹈溃瑔渭?和漂亮的新面孔.So when it was my turn, I stood up and said, ”Why [do] women's personalities on television always have to be beautiful, sweet, innocent and, you know, supportive? Why can't they have their own ideas and their own voice?“ 當(dāng)輪到我的時(shí)候, 我起身問(wèn)道, ”為什么在電視上的女人一定要長(zhǎng)得漂亮，甜美，單純還要配合度高? 為什么她們不能有自己的想法說(shuō)自己的話(huà)?“ I thought I kind of offended them.But actually, they were impressed by my words.And so I was in the second round of competition, and then the third and the fourth.After seven rounds of competition, I was the last one to survive it.So I was on a national television prime-time show.我想我一定得罪了評(píng)委。但是事實(shí)上，我的發(fā)言給他們留下了深刻的印象。接下來(lái)我進(jìn)入了第二輪的選拔，然后是第三輪，第四輪。在經(jīng)過(guò)七輪的選拔后，我勝出了。成為了一個(gè)國(guó)家電視臺(tái)黃金時(shí)段節(jié)目的主持人。And believe it or not, that was the first show on Chinese television that allowed its hosts to speak out of their own minds without reading an approved script.(Applause)And my weekly audience at that time was between 200 to 300 million people.你也許不敢相信, 這個(gè)節(jié)目是中國(guó)第一個(gè) 允許主持人表達(dá)他們自己的想法他們不需要念之前寫(xiě)好的稿.（掌聲）我當(dāng)時(shí)每週的觀(guān)眾人數(shù) 達(dá)到200-300萬(wàn).Well after a few years, I decided to go to the U.S.and Columbia University to pursue my postgraduate studies, and then started my own media company, which was unthought of during the years that I started my career.幾年后，我決定去美國(guó)哥倫比亞大學(xué)進(jìn)修。之后我有了自己的傳媒公司，這是在我剛畢業(yè)的時(shí)候想都不敢想的。So we do a lot of things.I've interviewed more than a thousand people in the past.And sometimes I have young people approaching me say, ”Lan, you changed my life,“ and I feel proud of that.我和我的團(tuán)隊(duì)做了很多事情。在過(guò)去的這些年，我采訪(fǎng)了上千人。有時(shí)候有年輕人走過(guò)來(lái)對(duì)我說(shuō)：“楊瀾，你改變了我的生活。”我也為此而自豪。But then we are also so fortunate to witness the transformation of the whole country.I was in Beijing's bidding for the Olympic Games.I was representing the Shanghai Expo.I saw China embracing the world and vice versa.But then sometimes I'm thinking, what are today's young generation up to? How are they different, and what are the differences they are going to make to shape the future of China, or at large, the world? 接下來(lái)我們一起見(jiàn)證了中國(guó)更多的變化。我參與了北京申奧，出席了上海世博會(huì)。我看到中國(guó)擁抱世界，世界接納中國(guó)??但是有時(shí)候我在想，當(dāng)今的年輕人追求什么？他們是怎樣的不同？他們?cè)鯓尤ジ淖兾磥?lái)的中國(guó)以至世界呢？

So today I want to talk about young people through the platform of social media.所以今天我想通過(guò)社交媒體的平臺(tái)說(shuō)說(shuō)我們的年起人First of all, who are they? [What] do they look like? 首先，她們是誰(shuí)？他們是怎么樣的？Well this is a girl called Guo Meimei--20 years old, beautiful.She showed off her expensive bags, clothes and car on her microblog, which is the Chinese version of Twitter.And she claimed to be the general manager of Red Cross at the Chamber of Commerce.照片上的女孩叫郭美美 20歲，很漂亮.在她的微博上, 她炫耀了自己的名牌包, 衣服, 還有車(chē) 在她的微博上, 微博是中國(guó)版的Twitter.她還說(shuō)自己是商會(huì)紅十字會(huì)在商會(huì)的一名經(jīng)理。She didn't realize that she stepped on a sensitive nerve and aroused national questioning, almost a turmoil, against the credibility of Red Cross.她沒(méi)有意識(shí)到自己觸及到了民眾最敏感的神經(jīng)，引起了全國(guó)性的對(duì)紅十字的質(zhì)疑, 幾乎成為網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的一場(chǎng)騷亂.深深的打擊了中國(guó)紅十字會(huì)的公信力。The controversy was so heated that the Red Cross had to open a press conference to clarify it, and the investigation is going on.這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論愈演愈烈，紅十字不得不召開(kāi)一場(chǎng)媒體招待會(huì)去澄清”郭美美事件,“ 該事件也因此被調(diào)查.So far, as of today, we know that she herself made up that title--probably because she feels proud to be associated with charity.直到今天, 我們知道了是她自己捏造了這個(gè)頭名，很可能她覺(jué)得和慈善機(jī)構(gòu)有聯(lián)系是一件很有面子的事情.All those expensive items were given to her as gifts by her boyfriend, who used to be a board member in a subdivision of Red Cross at Chamber of Commerce.所有這些名貴的物品其實(shí)都是她男朋友送給她的，而她的男朋友曾經(jīng)是紅十字會(huì)的一名執(zhí)行董事It's very complicated to explain.But anyway, the public still doesn't buy it.It is still boiling.It shows us a general mistrust of government or government-backed institutions, which lacked transparency in the past.這個(gè)解釋起來(lái)有點(diǎn)困難.但是無(wú)論如何，公眾始終都不買(mǎi)賬.事情還在.沸沸揚(yáng)揚(yáng)。它顯示了民眾對(duì)政府機(jī)構(gòu)或是政府所支持的機(jī)構(gòu)的不信任, And also it showed us the power and the impact of social media as microblog.而這些機(jī)構(gòu)在過(guò)去都不夠透明.這個(gè)事件也讓我們看到了以微博為代表社會(huì)媒體所產(chǎn)生的巨大能量和影響.Microblog boomed in the year of 2010, with visitors doubled and time spent on it tripled.微博在2010年興起,伴隨著訪(fǎng)問(wèn)量的兩倍增長(zhǎng)以及民眾瀏覽時(shí)間的三倍增長(zhǎng)。Sina.com, a major news portal, alone has more than 140 million microbloggers.單是新浪網(wǎng), 一個(gè)主要的新聞網(wǎng)站, 就有超過(guò)1.4億的微博用戶(hù).On Tencent, 200 million.The most popular blogger--it's not me--it's a movie star, and she has more than 9.5 million followers, or fans.騰訊擁有兩億用戶(hù)。（在中國(guó)）最有名的微博主——不是我——是一位電影明星，她擁有近九百五十萬(wàn)”粉絲“。About 80 percent of those microbloggers are young people, under 30 years old.接近80％的微博用戶(hù)是年輕人，三十歲以下。And because, as you know, the traditional media is still heavily controlled by the government, social media offers an opening to let the steam out a little bit.But because you don't have many other openings, the heat coming out of this opening is sometimes very strong, active and even violent.大家都知道，因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)媒體還在政府的強(qiáng)力控制之下，社交媒體提供了一個(gè)開(kāi)放的平臺(tái)進(jìn)行了一些（民眾觀(guān)點(diǎn)的）分流。因?yàn)檫@樣分流的渠道并不多，從這個(gè)平臺(tái)上爆發(fā)出的聲音非常強(qiáng)，積極，甚至激烈。So through microblogging, we are able to understand Chinese youth even better.通過(guò)微博，我們可以更好的了解到中國(guó)的年輕一代。So how are they different? 他們是怎樣的不同。First of all, most of them were born in the 80s and 90s, under the one-child policy.首先，他們中的大多數(shù)都出生在八零九零年代，在獨(dú)生子女的生育政策的大背景下長(zhǎng)大。And because of selected abortion by families who favored boys to girls, now we have ended up with 30 million more young men than women.That could pose a potential danger to the society, but who knows;we're in a globalized world, so they can look for girlfriends from other countries.因?yàn)橐恢币詠?lái)的重男輕女而產(chǎn)生的選擇性流產(chǎn)，現(xiàn)在（中國(guó)）的年輕男性的數(shù)量多過(guò)年輕女性三千萬(wàn)，這可以對(duì)一個(gè)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生潛在的威脅），但是誰(shuí)知道呢，我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)全球化的時(shí)代，他們可能可以去其他國(guó)家找女朋友Most of them have fairly good education.The illiteracy rate in China among this generation is under one percent.In cities, 80 percent of kids go to college.But they are facing an aging China with a population above 65 years old coming up with seven-point-some percent this year, and about to be 15 percent by the year of 2030.And you know we have the tradition that younger generations support the elders financially, and taking care of them when they're sick.So it means young couples will have to support four parents who have a life expectancy of 73 years old.大多數(shù)人都擁有良好的教育。這一代中國(guó)人中的文盲率已經(jīng)低于1％。在城市中，80％的孩子可以上大學(xué)，但他們將要面對(duì)的是一個(gè)，有接近7％的人口都是老年人的社會(huì)，這個(gè)數(shù)字在2030年會(huì)增長(zhǎng)到15%。而且在中國(guó)，一直以來(lái)有贍養(yǎng)老人的傳統(tǒng)，這意味著，一對(duì)年輕的夫妻將需要去贍養(yǎng)四個(gè)平均希望壽命在73歲的老人。

So making a living is not that easy for young people.College graduates are not in short supply.In urban areas, college graduates find the starting salary is about 400 U.S.dollars a month, while the average rent is above $500.所以對(duì)于年輕人而言，生活并不是容易。本科畢業(yè)生也不在是緊缺資源。在城市中，本科生的月起薪通常是400美元（2500人民幣），而公寓的平均月租金卻是500美元。So what do they do? They have to share space--squeezed in very limited space to save money--and they call themselves ”tribe of ants.“ And for those who are ready to get married and buy their apartment, they figured out they have to work for 30 to 40 years to afford their first apartment.That ratio in America would only cost a couple five years to earn, but in China it's 30 to 40 years with the skyrocketing real estate price.所以他們的解決方式是合租——擠在有限的空間中以節(jié)省開(kāi)支，他們叫自己”蟻?zhàn)?。?對(duì)于那些準(zhǔn)備好結(jié)婚并希望購(gòu)買(mǎi)一套公寓的中國(guó)年輕夫婦而言，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們必須要不間斷的工作30到40年才可以負(fù)擔(dān)得起一套公寓。對(duì)于同樣的美國(guó)年輕夫婦而言，他們只需要五年時(shí)間。

Among the 200 million migrant workers, 60 percent of them are young people.They find themselves sort of sandwiched between the urban areas and the rural areas.Most of them don't want to go back to the countryside, but they don't have the sense of belonging.在近兩億的涌入城市的農(nóng)民工中，他們中的60％都是年輕人。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被夾在了城市和農(nóng)村中，大多數(shù)人不愿意回到農(nóng)村，但他們?cè)诔鞘幸舱也坏綒w屬感。They work for longer hours with less income, less social welfare.And they're more vulnerable to job losses, subject to inflation, tightening loans from banks, appreciation of the renminbi, or decline of demand from Europe or America for the products they produce.他們工作更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間卻獲得更少的薪水和社會(huì)福利。他們也更容易面臨失業(yè)，受到通貨膨脹，銀行利率，人民幣升值的影響，甚至美國(guó)和歐盟對(duì)于中國(guó)制造產(chǎn)品的抵制也會(huì)影響到他們。Last year, though, an appalling incident in a southern OEM manufacturing compound in China: 13 young workers in their late teens and early 20s committed suicide, just one by one like causing a contagious disease.But they died because of all different personal reasons.But this whole incident aroused a huge outcry from society about the isolation, both physical and mental, of these migrant workers.去年，一個(gè)駭人的事件發(fā)生在中國(guó)的一個(gè)富士康工廠(chǎng)，十三20出頭的年輕的人連續(xù)自殺，一個(gè)接一個(gè)，像一場(chǎng)傳染病。他們輕生的原因各有不同，但是這件事震驚了整個(gè)社會(huì)，喚起人們對(duì)工人們心理生理的孤立關(guān)注。

For those who do return back to the countryside, they find themselves very welcome locally, because with the knowledge, skills and networks they have learned in the cities, 對(duì)于那些回到農(nóng)村的年輕人，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在家鄉(xiāng)很受歡迎，因?yàn)樗麄冇兄R(shí)技能和人際網(wǎng)，他們?cè)诔鞘袑W(xué)到了技能，with the assistance of the Internet, they're able to create more jobs, upgrade local agriculture and create new business in the less developed market.So for the past few years, the coastal areas, they found themselves in a shortage of labor.在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的幫助下，他們更有可能獲得工作，提升農(nóng)村的農(nóng)業(yè)水平和發(fā)展新的商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。在過(guò)去的一些年中，一些沿海的城鎮(zhèn)甚至出現(xiàn)了勞動(dòng)力短缺。

These diagrams show a more general social background.The first one is the Engels coefficient, which explains that the cost of daily necessities has dropped its percentage all through the past decade, in terms of family income, to about 37-some percent.這些圖片展現(xiàn)出整體的社會(huì)背景。第一張圖片是恩格斯系數(shù)（食品支出占總消費(fèi)支出的比例），可以看到在過(guò)去的十年中，食物和生活必需品在家庭消費(fèi)中的比例有所下降（37％），But then in the last two years, it goes up again to 39 percent, indicating a rising living cost.然后在過(guò)去的兩年中，這項(xiàng)指數(shù)上升到39％，說(shuō)明近兩年中生活成本的攀升。The Gini coefficient has already passed the dangerous line of 0.4.Now it's 0.5--even worse than that in America--showing us the income inequality.基尼系數(shù)早已越過(guò)了危險(xiǎn)的0.4，到達(dá)0.5——比美國(guó)還糟糕——體現(xiàn)出極大的貧富差距，所以我們才看到整個(gè)社會(huì)的失衡。And so you see this whole society getting frustrated about losing some of its mobility.同時(shí)，我們也看到了整個(gè)社會(huì)對(duì)于它的缺乏靈活性感到沮喪，And also, the bitterness and even resentment towards the rich and the powerful is quite widespread.So any accusations of corruption or backdoor dealings between authorities or business would arouse a social outcry or even unrest.同時(shí)，“仇富仇官心理在廣泛蔓延，任何被發(fā)現(xiàn)的官商勾結(jié)都會(huì)引起社會(huì)的強(qiáng)烈反響甚至不穩(wěn)定。

So through some of the hottest topics on microblogging, we can see what young people care most about.通過(guò)最熱的微博，我們就可以看到年輕人在關(guān)注什么。Social justice and government accountability runs the first in what they demand.社會(huì)公正和政府的公信力是他們首要需求的For the past decade or so, a massive urbanization and development have let us witness a lot of reports on the forced demolition of private property.在過(guò)去的十年中，大量的城市化進(jìn)程讓我們見(jiàn)識(shí)了一系列的強(qiáng)拆事件，And it has aroused huge anger and frustration among our young generation.Sometimes people get killed, and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest.這引發(fā)了年輕一代的憤怒和不理解。有時(shí)候，被拆遷的住戶(hù)以自殺和自焚的方式來(lái)抗議（強(qiáng)制拆遷行為）。So when these incidents are reported more and more frequently on the Internet, people cry for the government to take actions to stop this.當(dāng)這些事件越來(lái)越常在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上被揭露出來(lái)，人們呼吁政府去采取措施去防止這些悲劇。

So the good news is that earlier this year, the state council passed a new regulation on house requisition and demolition and passed the right to order forced demolition from local governments to the court.好消息是，今年早些時(shí)候，人民代表大會(huì)通過(guò)了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于房屋征用和拆遷的新法規(guī)，將征用和拆遷的權(quán)利從當(dāng)?shù)卣平坏搅朔ㄍ?。Similarly, many other issues concerning public safety is a hot topic on the Internet.相同的，很多其他與公共安全相關(guān)的問(wèn)題也在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上被熱烈討論。We heard about polluted air, polluted water, poisoned food.And guess what, we have faked beef.They have sorts of ingredients that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish, and it turns it to look like beef.我們聽(tīng)到有太多空氣污染，水污染，有毒食品的報(bào)道。你甚至都想不到，我們還有假牛肉。人們用一種特殊的材料加入雞肉和魚(yú)肉中，然后以牛肉的價(jià)格進(jìn)行出售。And then lately, people are very concerned about cooking oil, because thousands of people have been found [refining] cooking oil from restaurant slop.So all these things have aroused a huge outcry from the Internet.And fortunately, we have seen the government responding more timely and also more frequently to the public concerns.最近，人們對(duì)食用油也很擔(dān)憂(yōu)，大量的餐館被發(fā)現(xiàn)在使用“地溝油“。所有這些事件引發(fā)了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上民眾觀(guān)點(diǎn)的大爆發(fā)。幸運(yùn)的是，我們看到了政府正在更積極和更及時(shí)的對(duì)這些民眾的質(zhì)疑給予回應(yīng)。

While young people seem to be very sure about their participation in public policy-making, but sometimes they're a little bit lost in terms of what they want for their personal life.一方面，年輕人越來(lái)越積極的參與到公共事務(wù)中；另一方面，他們也在尋找或者說(shuō)迷失與個(gè)人生活的價(jià)值和定位。China is soon to pass the U.S.as the number one market for luxury brands--that's not including the Chinese expenditures in Europe and elsewhere.But you know what, half of those consumers are earning a salary below 2,000 U.S.dollars.中國(guó)很快就要超過(guò)美國(guó)，成為世界上第一大奢侈品消費(fèi)國(guó)——這還不包括中國(guó)人在國(guó)外的消費(fèi)。但你知道嗎，超過(guò)半數(shù)中國(guó)的奢侈品消費(fèi)者的（年）收入都低于兩千美元。They're not rich at all.They're taking those bags and clothes as a sense of identity and social status.And this is a girl explicitly saying on a TV dating show that she would rather cry in a BMW than smile on a bicycle.But of course, we do have young people who would still prefer to smile, whether in a BMW or [on] a bicycle.他們其實(shí)并不富裕，他們用那些奢侈品牌的服裝和包體現(xiàn)身份和社會(huì)地位。這是一位在電視節(jié)目上公然表明，自己寧愿在寶馬車(chē)?yán)锟抟膊蛔谧孕熊?chē)后笑的年輕女孩。當(dāng)然，我們也有更多的年輕人不管是在寶馬還是在自行車(chē)上都能微笑。

So in the next picture, you see a very popular phenomenon called ”naked“ wedding, or ”naked" marriage.It does not mean they will wear nothing in the wedding, but it shows that these young couples are ready to get married without a house, without a car, without a diamond ring and without a wedding banquet, to show their commitment to true love.在接下來(lái)的一個(gè)圖片中，你們能看到一種很流行的現(xiàn)象叫做“裸婚”，當(dāng)然不是什么都不穿的而結(jié)婚，它指的是年輕的情侶沒(méi)有房子，沒(méi)有車(chē)，沒(méi)有珠寶戒指，沒(méi)有結(jié)婚宴而結(jié)為夫婦去踐行他們對(duì)真愛(ài)的承諾。And also, people are doing good through social media.And the first picture showed us that a truck caging 500 homeless and kidnapped dogs for food processing was spotted and stopped on the highway with the whole country watching through microblogging.但同時(shí)，人們也在通過(guò)社交媒體做一些善事。這副圖片里，一輛卡車(chē)滿(mǎn)載著將被進(jìn)行肉加工的500只無(wú)家可歸的狗，被停在了高速路上整個(gè)國(guó)家的人都在通過(guò)微博去關(guān)注它們。People were donating money, dog food and offering volunteer work to stop that truck.And after hours of negotiation, 500 dogs were rescued.人們捐出了錢(qián)，狗糧，主動(dòng)志愿去停下那輛，在幾個(gè)小時(shí)的談判后，那500只狗終于得救了。And here also people are helping to find missing children.A father posted his son's picture onto the Internet.After thousands of resends in relay, the child was found, and we witnessed the reunion of the family through microblogging.同時(shí)人們也幫助去尋找失蹤的孩子們，一個(gè)父親將兒子的照片貼上了網(wǎng)絡(luò)，數(shù)十萬(wàn)人的關(guān)注下，孩子終于被找到了。我們?cè)谖⒉┥弦?jiàn)證了這家庭重逢的一幕。

So happiness is the most popular word we have heard through the past two years.Happiness is not only related to personal experiences and personal values, but also, it's about the environment.“幸福（感）”是近兩年中國(guó)的流行詞匯。幸福感不僅僅與個(gè)人體驗(yàn)和價(jià)值觀(guān)相關(guān)，更多的，它與環(huán)境息息相關(guān)。People are thinking about the following questions: Are we going to sacrifice our environment further to produce higher GDP? How are we going to perform our social and political reform to keep pace with economic growth, to keep sustainability and stability? 人們?cè)谒伎迹何覀兪欠褚獱奚h(huán)境來(lái)提升GDP？我們要怎樣進(jìn)行社會(huì)和政治體制的改革來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，保持穩(wěn)定性和可持續(xù)性發(fā)展？ And also, how capable is the system of self-correctness to keep more people content with all sorts of friction going on at the same time? I guess these are the questions people are going to answer.And our younger generation are going to transform this country while at the same time being transformed themselves.同時(shí)，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)的自我修正能力是否足夠強(qiáng)大，是否能夠讓生活在其中的人民接受在前進(jìn)過(guò)程中的各種壓力和困難？我想這些都是中國(guó)人民需要回答的問(wèn)題，而中國(guó)的年輕一代將在改變這個(gè)國(guó)家的過(guò)程中也改變自己。

Thank you very much.

第五篇：楊瀾TED演講英文版1

The night before I was heading for Scotland, I was

前往；出發(fā)；取向于

invited to host the final of “China's Got Talent” show in

中國(guó)達(dá)人秀；中國(guó)達(dá)人

Shanghai with the 80,000 live audience in the stadium.Guess who was the performing guest? Susan Boyle.And I

蘇珊大媽

told her, “I'm going to Scotland the next day.” She sang beautifully, and she even managed to say a few words in Chinese.[Chinese] So it's not like “hello” or “thank you,” that ordinary stuff.It means “green onion for free.” Why

n.材料；東西；填充物；素材資料vt.填塞；塞滿(mǎn)；讓吃飽vi.吃得過(guò)多

did she say that? Because it was a line from our Chinese parallel Susan Boyle--a 50-some year-old woman, a vegetable vendor in Shanghai, who loves singing Western

n.小販；賣(mài)主；自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)

opera, but she didn't understand any English or French or Italian, so she managed to fill in the lyrics with vegetable

填寫(xiě)；填充；替代

names in Chinese.(Laughter)And the last sentence of Nessun Dorma that she was singing in the stadium was

今夜無(wú)人入睡（歌曲名）

“green onion(洋蔥；洋蔥頭)for free.” So [as] Susan Boyle was saying that, 80,000 live audience sang together.That was hilarious.adj.歡鬧的；非常滑稽的；喜不自禁的

So I guess both Susan Boyle and this vegetable vendor in Shanghai belonged to otherness.They were the least expected to be successful in the business called entertainment, yet their courage and talent brought them through.And a show and a platform(平臺(tái))gave them the stage to realize their dreams.Well, being different is not that difficult.We are all different from different perspectives.（n.透視，遠(yuǎn)景，看法；構(gòu)面；觀(guān)點(diǎn)展示）

But I think being different is good, because you present a different point of view.You may have the chance to make a difference.My generation has been very fortunate to witness

adj.幸運(yùn)的；僥幸的；帶來(lái)幸運(yùn)的；吉祥的

and participate in the historic transformation of China

歷史上著名的；有歷史意義的 that

has made so many changes in the past 20, 30 years.I remember that in the year of 1990, when I was graduating from college, I was applying for a job in the sales department of the first five-star hotel in Beijing, Great Wall Sheraton（喜來(lái)登長(zhǎng)城飯店）--it's still there.So after being interrogated（審問(wèn)；質(zhì)問(wèn)）by this Japanese manager for a half an hour, he finally said, “So, Miss Yang, do you have any questions to ask me?” I summoned（傳喚；召集）my courage and poise（n.姿勢(shì)；平衡；鎮(zhèn)靜）and said, “Yes, but could you let me know, what actually do you sell?” I didn't have a clue what a

[口語(yǔ)]一無(wú)所知；毫無(wú)頭緒；一點(diǎn)不懂

sales department（n.部門(mén)；系；科；部；局）was about in a five-star hotel.That was the first day I set my foot in a five-star hotel.Around the same time, I was going through（熬過(guò)；仔細(xì)檢查）an audition（面試）--the first ever open audition by national television in China--with another thousand college girls.The producer told us they were looking for some sweet, innocent and beautiful fresh face.So when it was my turn, I stood up and said, “Why [do] women's personalities on television always have to be beautiful, sweet, innocent and, you know, supportive? Why can't they have their own ideas and their own voice?” I thought I kind of（有點(diǎn)兒；有幾分）offended（冒犯）them.But actually, they were impressed by my words.And so I was in the second round of competition, and then the third and the fourth.After seven rounds of competition, I was the last one to survive it.So I was on a national television prime-time（黃金時(shí)段）show.And believe it or not, that was the first show on Chinese television that allowed its hosts to speak out of their own minds without reading an approved（adj.被認(rèn)可的；經(jīng)過(guò)檢驗(yàn)的）script（圣經(jīng)；手稿）.(Applause)And my weekly audience at that time was between 200 to 300 million people.Well after a few years, I decided to go to the U.S.and Columbia University to pursue（從事；追趕；繼續(xù)；糾纏）my postgraduate studies, and then started my own media company, which was unthought of（意外的）during the years that I started my career.So we do a lot of things.I've interviewed more than a thousand people in the past.And sometimes I have young people approaching me say, “Lan, you changed my life,” and I feel proud of that.But then we are also so fortunate to witness the transformation（n.轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；變形；改革）of the whole country.I was in Beijing's bidding（n.投標(biāo)；出價(jià)；命令）for the Olympic Games.I was representing the Shanghai Expo（展覽會(huì)）.I saw China embracing the world and vice versa（反之亦然；反過(guò)來(lái)也一樣）.But then sometimes I'm thinking, what are today's young generation up to（一直到；相當(dāng)于；忙于…，在做…；由…決定的）? How are they different, and what are the differences they are going to make to shape the future of China, or at large, the world?

pose（造成）a potential（adj.潛在的；可能的；勢(shì)的）danger to the society, but who knows;we're in a globalized（全球化）world, so they can look for girlfriends from other countries.Most of them have fairly（adv.相當(dāng)?shù)兀还降?；?jiǎn)直）good education.The illiteracy（文盲）rate in China among this generation is under one percent.In cities, 80 percent of kids go to college.But they are facing an aging（n.老化；陳化，熟化）China with a population above 65 years old coming up with seven-point-some percent this year, and about to be 15 percent by the year of 2030.And you know we have the tradition that younger generations support the elders financially, and taking care of them when they're sick.So it means young couples will have to support four parents who have a life expectancy（預(yù)期壽命；平均壽命）of 73 years old.So making a living is not that easy for young people.College graduates are not in short supply（供應(yīng)不足；缺乏）.In urban areas（城市地區(qū)）, college graduates find the starting salary is about 400 U.S.dollars a month, while the average rent is above $500.So what do they do? They have to share space--squeezed in（榨出，擠出；擠進(jìn)去）very limited space to save money--and they call themselves “tribe of ants（蟻?zhàn)澹?” And for those who are ready to get married and buy their apartment, they figured out（解決；算出；想出；理解；斷定）they have to work for 30 to 40 years to afford their first apartment.That ratio（n.比率，比例）in America would only cost a couple five years to earn, but in China it's 30 to 40 years with the skyrocketing（n.價(jià)格飛漲；突漲，飛升）real estate（n.不動(dòng)產(chǎn)，房地產(chǎn)）price.Among the 200 million migrant workers（流動(dòng)工人）, 60 percent of them are young people.They find themselves sort of（有幾分地；到某種程度；稍稍）sandwiched（adj.夾于兩者之間的）between the urban areas and the rural areas（農(nóng)村地區(qū)）.Most of them don't want to go back to the countryside, but they don't have the sense of belonging（歸宿感，歸屬感）.They work for longer hours with less income, less social welfare.And they're more vulnerable（adj.有弱點(diǎn)的；易受傷害的；易受攻擊的，易受…的攻擊)to job losses, subject to(使服從；使遭受；受…管制)inflation(n.膨脹；通貨膨脹；夸張；自命不凡), tightening(v.擰緊；使繃緊；扣緊（tighten的ing形式）)loans(n.借貸；貸款（loan的復(fù)數(shù)形式）)from banks, appreciation(n.欣賞，鑒別；增值；感謝)of the renminbi, or decline of demand from Europe or America for the products they produce.Last year, though, an appalling(adj.可怕的；令人震驚的)incident in a southern OEM manufacturing compound in China: 13 young workers in their late teens and early 20s committed suicide(自殺死亡), just one by one like causing a contagious disease([醫(yī)] 接觸傳染病).But they died because of all different personal reasons.But this whole incident aroused a huge outcry(n.強(qiáng)烈抗議；大聲疾呼；尖叫；倒彩)from society about the isolation(n.隔離；孤立), both physical and mental, of these migrant workers.For those who do return back to the countryside, they find themselves very welcome locally, because with the knowledge, skills and networks they have learned in the cities, with the assistance of the Internet, they're able to create more jobs, upgrade(vt.使升級(jí);提升;改良品種)local agriculture and create new business in the less developed market.So for the past few years, the coastal areas(沿海地區(qū)), they found themselves in a shortage of labor(勞動(dòng)；工作；勞工).These diagrams show a more general social background.The first one is the Engels coefficient(恩格斯系數(shù)), which explains that the cost of daily necessities has dropped its percentage all through the past decade, in terms of family income, to about 37-some percent.But then in the last two years, it goes up again to 39 percent, indicating a rising living cost.The Gini coefficient（基尼系數(shù)）has already passed the dangerous line of 0.4.Now it's 0.5--even worse than that in America--showing us the income inequality（n.不平等；不同；不平均）.And so you see this whole society getting frustrated about losing some of its mobility（n.移動(dòng)性；機(jī)動(dòng)性）.And also, the bitterness（n.苦味；苦難；怨恨）and even resentment（n.憤恨，怨恨）towards the rich and the powerful is quite widespread（adj.普遍的，廣泛的；分布廣的）.So any accusations（n.控告，指控；譴責(zé)）of corruption（n.貪污，腐敗；墮落）or backdoor dealings between authorities（n.當(dāng)局，官方）or business would arouse a social outcry（n.強(qiáng)烈抗議；大聲疾呼；尖叫；倒彩）or even unrest（n.不安；動(dòng)蕩的局面；不安的狀態(tài)）.So through some of the hottest topics on microblogging, we can see what young people care most about.Social justice（社會(huì)主義）and government accountability（n.有義務(wù)；有責(zé)任；可說(shuō)明性）runs the first in what they demand.For the past decade or so（大約，左右）, a massive urbanization（n.都市化；文雅化）and development have let us witness a lot of reports on the forced demolition（n.拆除（等于demolishment）；破壞；毀壞）of private property（[法] 私有財(cái)產(chǎn)；私有制）.And it has aroused huge anger and frustration among our young generation.Sometimes people get killed, and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest（抗議）.So when these incidents are reported more and more frequently on the Internet, people cry for the government to take actions to stop this.So the good news is that earlier this year, the state council（n.委員會(huì)；會(huì)議；理事會(huì)；地方議會(huì)；顧問(wèn)班子）passed a new regulation（n.管理；規(guī)則；校準(zhǔn)）on house requisition and demolition and passed the right to order forced demolition from local governments to the court.Similarly, many other issues concerning public safety is a hot topic on the Internet.We heard about polluted air, polluted water, poisoned food.And guess what, we have faked beef（偽造的牛肉）.They have sorts of ingredients（材料；作料）that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish, and it turns it to look like beef.And then lately, people are very concerned about cooking oil, because thousands of people have been found [refining] cooking oil from restaurant slop.So all these things have aroused a huge outcry from the Internet.And fortunately, we have seen the government responding more timely and also more frequently to the public concerns.While young people seem to be very sure about their participation in public policy-making, but sometimes they're a little bit lost in terms of what they want for their personal life.China is soon to pass the U.S.as the number one market for luxury（adj.奢侈的）brands--that's not including the Chinese expenditures（n.開(kāi)支，支出）in Europe and elsewhere.But you know what, half of those consumers are earning a salary below 2,000 U.S.dollars.They're not rich at all.They're taking those bags and clothes as a sense of identity and social status.And this is a girl explicitly saying on a TV dating show that she would rather cry in a BMW than smile on a bicycle.But of course, we do have young people who would still prefer to smile, whether in a BMW or [on] a bicycle.So in the next picture, you see a very popular phenomenon called “naked” wedding, or “naked” marriage.It does not mean they will wear nothing in the wedding, but it shows that these young couples are ready to get married without a house, without a car, without a diamond ring（鉆石戒指，鉆戒）and without a wedding banquet（n.宴會(huì)，盛宴；宴請(qǐng)，款待）, to show their commitment to（恪守承諾）true love.And also, people are doing good through social media.And the first picture showed us that a truck caging（v.把…關(guān)入籠內(nèi)）500 homeless and kidnapped（v.誘拐，綁架（kidnap過(guò)去時(shí)形式））dogs for food processing（v.加工；[自] 處理；對(duì)…起訴（process的ing形式））was spotted（發(fā)現(xiàn)）and stopped on the highway with the whole country watching through microblogging.People were donating money, dog food and offering volunteer work to stop that truck.And after hours of negotiation（n.談判；轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)豁樌耐ㄟ^(guò)）, 500 dogs were rescued.And here also people are helping to find missing children.A father posted his son's picture onto the Internet.After thousands of [unclear], the child was found, and we witnessed the reunion of the family through microblogging.So happiness is the most popular word we have heard through the past two years.Happiness is not only related to personal experiences and personal values, but also, it's about the environment.People are thinking about the following questions: Are we going to sacrifice our environment further to produce higher GDP? How are we going to perform our social and political reform to keep pace with economic growth, to keep sustainability and stability? And also, how capable（adj.能干的，能勝任的；有才華的）is the system of self-correctness to keep more people content with(滿(mǎn)足于…；對(duì)…感到滿(mǎn)意)all sorts of(各種各樣的)friction(n.摩擦)going on at the same time? I guess these are the questions people are going to answer.And our younger generation are going to transform this country while at the same time being transformed themselves.Thank you very much.

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