第一篇：?？煳?Unit 1 Language points(譯林牛津版高二英語必修五教案教學設計)

模快五 Unit 1 Language points(譯林牛津版高二英語必修五教案教學設計)Welcome to the unit 1.practise vt.練習

He is practising the piano now.We often practise speaking English among ourselves.2.get along/ on 1).進展 get along with How are you getting along with your computer? We can’t get along well without courage.2).相處融洽 get along with My cat is getting along well with my dog.My family are getting along well with my neighbors.3.be worth 值得 1)Be worth+名詞

I paid only 10 yuan for the book, but is worth much more.The book is worth 10 yuan.2)be worth + doing 表被動含義 The book is well worth reading.注意：be worthy of + 名詞 或 being done be worthy to be done The experiment is worthy of careful try.The experiment is worthy of being tried.The experiment is worthy to be tried.4.What do you think are most important characteristics in a friend? Wh + do you think + 其他部分 用以征詢對方的看法或推測等。Who do you think has got the first prize? Where do you think we will go for a picnic? Reading 1.betray 1)出賣，背叛

He who betrays his country will be punished.He betrayed his friends to the enemy.His friends were betrayed to the enemy by him.2)泄露（秘密）暴露

He betrayed the news to all his friends.2.We have been best friends since primary school.Since 1)連詞

Unemployment in that country is now at its lowest level since World War II.She has been away from her hometown since five years ago.2)副詞

She left her hometown five years ago.We haven’t seen her since.3)It is ? since ?

It is just three days since they arrived at the mountain village.他們到達這個山村才三天時間。注意：

It is three years since I worked in the factory.我不在這個工廠工作已經(jīng)三年了。3.I thought it would be quite easy and was not worried about the results.原以為 Here he comes.I thought he would be late.I didn’t think that he had done such a stupid thing.Worry about + sb./ sth./ doing sth 側(cè)重于動作 be worried about 側(cè)重于狀態(tài) He is worrying about getting a job after graduation.他正為畢業(yè)后找工作的事發(fā)愁。There is nothing to worry about.沒什么可擔心的。He is worried about his son’s safety.他擔心兒子的安危。4.I must have sounded very proud of myself ? It must have rained yesterday, for the grand is wet.He has a good knowledge of Beijing very well.He must have been to Beijing before.注意：

Must be / must have done的否定式為 can’t

Mr.Smith cannot have left here for I say him just now.5.stupid with very slow thinking It was stupid of me to tell him the truth.我真傻告訴他真相。That is a stupid thing to do.6.I didn’t feel like I was overlooking my studies.Feel like +sth/ doing sth 想要；喜歡

I feel like going shopping.我想去買東西。

She feels like eating ice-cream.她喜歡吃冰激凌。Overlook 1)forget;not see something important忽略；漏看 I overlooked the fact.我忽略了這個事實。

I overlooked this mistake in your paper the first time I read it.我第一次看你的試卷時沒有看出這個錯誤。

2)look down at sth from above 俯瞰 My room overlooks the sea.7.I was determined to be cheerful.Be determined + to do / that clause 決心； 決定 He was determined.= He has made up his mind.He was determined that he would try his best to finish the work.He was determined to try his best to finish the work.注意：

determine to do側(cè)重動作 切是終止性動詞

He has been determined to work in Xinjiang for a long time.但不能用 He has determined to work in Xinjiang for a long time.8.admit Admit+ sth/ doing sth / that 承認； 供認 admit sth to be The thief admitted his crime.I admit that I was rude and I am very sorry.He admitted having stolen sth from the bank.I admit it to be true.9.How they must have laughed behind my back.How + adj/ adv +主謂 構(gòu)成感嘆句。但有： How time flies!How I regret I wasted the time when I was at school.10.swear swore sworn make a strong promise 發(fā)誓 宣誓

I believe that it is true but I cannot swear it.我認為這是真的，但我不能保證一定這樣。He swore to speak the truth.他宣誓要說實話。

11.forgive not to punish someone who has done something wrong 寬恕 Forgive me for coming so late.We forgave him his mistakes.12.tease 挪揄； 戲弄 逗弄 取笑 The naughty boy teased the dog.The other boy teased John about his carelessness.13.dilemma a position requiring a choice between two evils.左右為難的狀況 Don’t put me into a dilemma.不要使我左右為難。14.brilliant 1)very bright耀眼的 輝煌的 She is wearing brilliant jewels.2)very clever才華橫溢的 非常聰明的 She had a brilliant idea.She is a brilliant student.15.focus focus on focus sth on 聚焦 對焦 He focused the camera and took a photo.He focused his mind on his lessons when studying.16.badly 1)非常 I miss you badly.He needs the dictionary badly.2)very seriously You mustn’t move someone if they are badly hurt.He was badly hurt.17.absent-minded 合成詞 adj-n+ed Blue-eyed 藍眼睛的 warm-hearted 熱心腸的 four-legged 四條腿的 18.keep on doing 與 keep doing The baby kept crying all night.這嬰兒哭了一夜。He kept on learning Russian.他不斷地學習俄語。19.kind of This kind of tree is nice.These kinds of tree(s)are easy to grow.20.blame blame sb / sth blame sth on sb be to blame Bad workmen blame their tools.He blamed his failure on the teacher.You are to blame in this.Word power 1.even though/ if Even though /if you failed in an exam, you still couldn’t give it up.Even though it is raining, we have to go to school.2.as;when;while As 用來強調(diào)主句和從句中動作和事情同時發(fā)生“一邊?一邊?” He looked behind as he was running.As time went by, the tree grew taller and taller.When 1)當什么時候 從句中的時間既可以是一段，也可以是一點。When you telephoned me, I was drawing a picture.When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.2)這時突然

I was doing my homework when he called me.While 1)從句中用延續(xù)性動詞，常用進行時態(tài)

While they were having a party, the light went out.2)然而

The husband was looking after the baby while his wife was cooking in the kitchen.Grammar and usage

第二篇：譯林牛津高中英語模塊五課文翻譯

M5 U1

Reading 秘密和謊言

親愛的安妮：我覺得我的朋友漢娜背叛了我。從小學起我倆就是最好的朋友，幾乎每天都在一起。因為我們成績好，喜愛學習，其他同學有時會說我倆沒趣，但我們喜歡那樣。我們都很用功，成績在學校一直很優(yōu)秀。

星期一那天，我們搞了一次突襲性的數(shù)學小測驗。我以為它非常簡單，一點也不擔心考試成績。小測驗之后，我說起話來聽上去一定洋洋自得，說它實在太簡單了，我肯定能取得好成績。第二天下課后，我的數(shù)學老師卻告訴我，我得了全班最低分！我感到非常羞愧，這么簡單的小測驗沒能及格，我真是笨極了！

后來，我假裝很開心，但漢娜還是覺察到哪兒有點不對勁。午餐前，我們一起去女子洗手間時，我承認考得有多么糟糕。我求她不要告訴任何人，她說她會替我保守秘密。

但是第二天，當我走進數(shù)學課教室時，我就注意到同學們在盯著我看。當我坐下時，我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)桌子上有一張紙，上面寫著：“笨蛋薩拉得了D等！”我難過得想哭。我想漢娜一定是在答應過我不會告訴任何人之后將我的成績告訴了同學們。大家一定都在背后嘲笑我！

我非常生氣，徑直走到漢納跟前，告訴她我們不再是朋友了，因為她不能信守諾言。她很不安，發(fā)誓說她沒有告訴任何人。但是，能看到成績的人只有老師和學生自己。她說一定是有人在洗手間偷聽我們的談話，但我不相信她的解釋。我想我永遠也不會真正地原諒她?，F(xiàn)在，我失去了我最好的朋友。我該怎么辦呢？ 你真誠的，薩拉

陷入困境的友誼

親愛的安妮： 我叫安德魯。我17歲，碰到了一個難題。我最好的朋友馬修已經(jīng)停止跟我說話了。我們從小就是好朋友，一起在學校足球隊踢球。上個星期，我們與另一所學校的球隊有一場非常重要的比賽。那支球隊很棒，我們必須集中精力。我下決心一定要贏得比賽，但馬修踢得很糟糕。他跟不上比賽的節(jié)奏。由于他的漫不經(jīng)心，我們輸了球賽。

后來，我非常生他的氣，并告訴他說我覺得他沒有盡全力。他也被惹火了，說如果他的球技不如我那可不是他的錯，還說我不該以這種方式和他說話。然后我們倆都開始沖著對方大喊大叫，結(jié)果我們的喊叫變成了可怕的爭執(zhí)。他指責我做了一些非常不好的事情，只是為了傷害我。我感到很內(nèi)疚，因為我也說了一些殘酷無情的話，但我不喜歡看到我們隊輸球。足球?qū)ξ液苤匾?，但我們的友誼也同樣很重要。

雖然我們在教室里是鄰座，但自從吵架之后，他便沒有和我說過話。這實在令人尷尬。他通常開朗外向，但最近一直沉默寡言，顯得很難受。他說的那些話也傷害了我，但他并未向我道歉。昨天，我看見他和另一個男孩彼得說話，我不禁想知道他是不是想讓彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。我把吵架的事告訴了我哥哥，但他說馬修只是太敏感，可能還有一點嫉妒，因為我身強體壯，足球踢得很好。他說我最好另找一個朋友。我該怎么辦呢？ 你真誠的 安德魯 Project

青少年的友誼觀

我的朋友羅伯特有一個雙胞胎妹妹叫阿曼達。盡管他們相處融洽，但阿曼達和她朋友的一些事還是讓羅伯特感到困惑。他無法理解女孩子怎么會聊天那么長時間。例如，有時他離開公寓去踢足球時，阿曼達和她的朋友沙倫就坐在沙發(fā)上聊天。當他三個半小時后回來時，她們?nèi)匀蛔谏嘲l(fā)上，繼續(xù)聊著同樣的話題。一天，羅伯特抑制不住好奇，問阿曼達她們聊了什么，她回答說：“我們是最好的朋友。我們什么都聊——電影明星、流行歌曲、食譜等等，所有的事！”

男孩和女孩對待友誼有著不同的態(tài)度。女孩之間的友誼通常建立在共同的情感和互相支持之上，而男孩之間的友誼則以共同的活動或興趣為基礎(chǔ)。對于與密友們分享感情這件事，一個男孩會更加謹慎。而一個女孩的密友則可能會迫不及待地向她吐露自己生活中發(fā)生過的一些事。

全球范圍的許多研究表明女孩比男孩享有更多的友誼。事實上，許多青春期的男孩說不出一個最好的朋友。當被問起時，他們在回答前往往會猶豫一下：“最好的朋友？我沒有想過這個問題。我忙于家庭作業(yè)。我有很多朋友，很難說出哪一位是我最好的朋友?！?/p>

被問到過這個問題的女孩往往能毫不猶豫地回答：“最好的朋友？當然有。我們分享的東西很多。我們經(jīng)常一起做很多事，比如聊天和逛街?！?/p>

我們必須認識到男孩共享活動，而女孩分享情感。無論男孩和女孩友誼的基礎(chǔ)是什么，他們所看重的朋友身上的品質(zhì)似乎是一樣的。所要記住的重要一點是：它們二者均是友誼。我們在生活中都需要朋友。

友誼對我意味著什么? 當確定生活中最重要的是什么時，有些人選擇金錢，而別的人則選擇諸如安全感和舒適度之類的東西。然而，對我而言，生活中最重要的東西是友誼。我不能想像沒有它。

友誼意味著不孤獨。有一次去我獨自一人旅行，途經(jīng)北京去我祖父母家。由于我要乘坐的下一趟火車要到晚上才開，我有一天的觀光時間。起初，我并不介意自己一個人，但后來看見所有的游客一起拍照，我開始感到難過。最終我回到火車站，在候車室里度過了當天余下的時光。如果沒有同伴分享，生活就索然無味。友誼意味著有人可以依靠。去年，我把書包忘在了無軌電車上，丟了所有的期末考試的筆記。你可以想像我有多慌亂。幸運的是，我最好的朋友珍妮讓我復印了她的筆記，我復習時用了它們。多虧她的幫助，我才得以通過考試。友誼意味著忠誠于他人。擁有朋友的最佳途徑就是做一個朋友。因為我是一個朋友，我就要學會有耐心和寬容。有一次我與珍妮吵架，她說了一些有關(guān)我的殘酷無情的閑話。盡管我的感情受到了傷害，我還是原諒了她。后來她向我道歉。通過這一事件，我們倆都變成了更好的人。然而，如果當初我終止了我們的友誼，那我們倆都會一無所得。

總之，當我們年老時回顧我們生活時，我們會記住什么呢？ 我們會記住我們買過的東西或者是去過的地方嗎？

不，我們會記住那些我們愛過的人和愛過我們的人。我們會記住我們的朋友。

Unit2 Reading 經(jīng)濟還是環(huán)境——我們必須做出抉擇嗎? 電視節(jié)目主持人：詹姆斯·朗

發(fā)言：林水清，綠色協(xié)會發(fā)言人

錢利偉，企業(yè)發(fā)展咨詢顧問

詹姆斯．朗：各位上午好。令天辯論的問題是“經(jīng)濟還是環(huán)境——我們必須做出抉擇嗎?”今天的嘉賓是來自綠色協(xié)會的林水清女士和企業(yè)發(fā)展咨詢顧問錢利偉先生。今天辯論的程序與往常不一樣。林水清女土首先發(fā)言，時間為三分鐘。按下來是錢利偉先生發(fā)言，時間也是三分鐘。之后我們將展開自由討論。如果大家有什么問題或評論，可以利用這一時間將它們表達出來。

林水清：大家上午好!我今天首先要談的是化學廢物如何破壞著世界上的大片區(qū)域。許多地方已經(jīng)被毀，許多動植物已經(jīng)死亡。這很糟糕。工廠排放出大量有害化學物質(zhì)。工廠生產(chǎn)造成的廢物進入大氣，使我們生病。其他種類的廢物流入水中，殺死河流中及海洋中的生物。

捕撈船也在毀滅大量的海洋生物。這些捕撈船捕撈大量的魚，而不留時間給它們產(chǎn)卵，這將導致我們食用的魚的數(shù)同越來越小。

一方面我們在毀滅環(huán)境，另一方面我們繼續(xù)生育越來越多的人口，這些人口需要更多的土地居住，也需要更多的食物食用!與1800年的人口相比，世界人口數(shù)量已經(jīng)增長了六倍?，F(xiàn)在約有70億人!

我們有責任努力削減生產(chǎn)，減少制造和購買的東西的數(shù)量。

我們造出來的垃圾數(shù)量正在成為一個大問題。我們有必要更多地考慮循環(huán)利用垃圾。好的做法將是增加回收利用的東西的數(shù)量，并教給人們不損害環(huán)境的生活方式。我們甚至可以借此創(chuàng)造出更多的就業(yè)機會，幫助我們的國家在保護環(huán)境的同時更好地發(fā)展。

謝謝!

錢利偉：

女士們、先生們，上午好。謝謝你，林女士。你的演講很有意思。顯然，你非常擔心我們的環(huán)境的現(xiàn)狀。作為企業(yè)發(fā)展咨詢顧問，我常常被視為是反對環(huán)保的。一想到工廠，人們就會想到滾滾的濃煙或者向河流傾瀉化學廢物的管道。他們會聯(lián)想到貪婪的商人躲避社會責任，一味關(guān)心金錢。人們常常認為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展對環(huán)境有害，但這未必是正確的。

我在這里要說的是，與很多環(huán)境顧問一起工作之后，我知道健康的環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展并存是有可能的。許多工廠和企業(yè)控制自己生產(chǎn)的污染總量，誠心地投入資金去修復它們破壞的環(huán)境。這些工廠的經(jīng)營者非常關(guān)心環(huán)境。我們應該停止將這些公司和商人視作敵人，而應給他們以更多的贊譽。

林女士建議為了保護環(huán)境我們應該削減我們所生產(chǎn)的東西的數(shù)量。我不同意這個觀點，因為那樣的話，就業(yè)機會將減少。我認為人類比魚類和樹木更加重要。

然而，我非常贊同我們應該利用回收材料制造更多的東西，減少原材料的使用，因為原材料的供應正變得越來越緊張。我們需要更有效的法律來保護環(huán)境，但同時讓國家得到發(fā)展。這包括控制伐木量和捕撈量。這可能會讓木材和海產(chǎn)品價格上漲，但是為某些東西支付更高的價錢并不總是壞事。我問過周圍的人，發(fā)現(xiàn)許多人都愿意支付稍高一些的價錢來購買環(huán)保產(chǎn)品。

最后，那些污染環(huán)境的工廠應該繳納更高的稅。如果你破壞環(huán)境，你就應該為此付出更多的環(huán)境維護費用。

謝謝大家!

詹姆斯．朗：現(xiàn)在是自由討論時間?? Project保護長江

作為世界上第三長的河流，長江的環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)引起了國內(nèi)外的關(guān)注。飛速的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和入口 增長意味著取自長江的水量不斷上漲，而排l口J到長江中的廢物也在不斷增加。這對依賴長江用水的 人來說是個不好的消息，對生活在江中或沿岸的大量魚類和野生生物來說也是個不好的消息。

許多人已經(jīng)認識到保護長江的重要性，他們已經(jīng)成立組織和設立項目，來解決這個問題。例如，綠色江河組織教育人們，讓他們了解保護這條大河的重要性。該組織還監(jiān)視長江，阻止非法捕撈。非法捕撈已經(jīng)威脅到野生動物的數(shù)量。

政府的兩個特別項目也在實施中。第一個項目是水土保持項目，啟動干1989年。這個項目使得 農(nóng)民退耕還林或退耕還草。這個項目已經(jīng)取得成功，因為它有效地改善了當?shù)氐沫h(huán)境和江邊的土地 情況。

第二個項目是白鰭豚自然保護區(qū)。白鰭豚是世界上最稀有的動物之一。由于長江的污染，中國 白鰭豚的數(shù)量急劇下降。盡管科學家還在期盼著白鰭豚不會絕種，但人們最后一次看到白鰭豚已經(jīng) 是在好幾年前了。

要解決有關(guān)長江的所有問題，我們還有很長的段路要走。但是，人們終于認識到他們有責任 來保護這條大河。因此，長江的環(huán)境正在改善。中國政府和人民為保護這條深受人們熱愛的河流所 做出的努力會在未來得到賞識。

氣候變化和低碳生活

毫無疑問，最近幾年世界氣候一直在發(fā)生著變化。許多人將這一變化歸咎于二氧化碳等氣體。動物和人類在呼吸時會排出二氧化碳。然而，人類的許多其他活動也會釋放出二氧化碳。每當物體 燃燒時，碳就會排放進大氣中。小汽車和其他車輛燃燒汽油來發(fā)動引擎，發(fā)電站通?？咳紵T如煤 和油之類的燃料來發(fā)電。因此，我們消耗的汽油和電能越多，我們釋放出的碳就越多。

我們能做的有助于解決這一問題的方法之一一就是盡量步行或使用自行車。盡管我們呼吸時產(chǎn)生 碳，但所排出的碳要比小汽車產(chǎn)生的碳少很多。當然，有時候我們也需要長途旅行。這種情況下，與私家車或出租車相比，公共交通工具如公共汽車和地鐵是更好的選擇。如果你必須開車，獨自出 行永遠不是最佳選擇——你應該試著找人與你同行。

在家你應該盡可能少地消耗能量。不用電燈以及其他電器時，應該關(guān)掉。由于工廠消耗大量能 源，也排放出大量碳化氣體，盡量多地回收利用是非常重要的。尤其是金屬產(chǎn)品和紙質(zhì)產(chǎn)品需要消 耗大量能源來生產(chǎn)，因此你應該找到重復使用這些產(chǎn)品的方法，而不是把它們?nèi)拥簟?/p>

最后但并不是最不重要的一點是，你可以植樹，因為樹能夠吸收空氣中的二氧化碳，釋放氧氣。種植一棵小樹很便宜也很簡單，但二十多年之后，當你看到它們都長成大樹時，會有一種滿足感，因為你知道自己為幫助解決氣候變化問題盡了你的一份力。

Unit3 Reading 完美的復制品

科學家最近宣布，他們已經(jīng)成功克隆出第一個人類胚胎，這在全球范圍內(nèi)引起了沸沸揚揚的辯論，許多人為此感到震驚。一方面，一些科學家指出，如果你能夠克隆人類胚胎，那你就可以生產(chǎn)出能夠拯救人類生命的寶貴的組織和器官了。另一方面，包括一些科學家在內(nèi)的很多人持不同意見，他們擔心人類用這種方式干涉自然，那就可能離制造一個現(xiàn)實生活中的弗蘭肯斯坦怪物不遠了。

克隆就是利用動物或植物的細胞來制造一個一摸一樣的動物或植物的復制品。第一個成功由成年動物細胞克隆出來的動物是一個叫多利的羊。這只母羊出生在1996年，但2003年初就死了，比正常情況下羊的壽命要短得多。多利羊出生的時候，很多人十分氣憤，因為他們覺得克隆會在動物世界里制造出更多的疾病。但是從總體上說，科學家還是因為其杰出的科學突破而得到了人們的稱贊。

創(chuàng)造出多利的蘇格蘭科學家伊恩·威爾莫特在得知有些科學家正在考慮克隆人的消息后感到非常震驚。盡管伊恩·威爾莫特研究克隆，但他的目的根本不是要制造人類的復制品。相反，他認為應當將研究精力集中在制造最終能夠用來治療癌癥等疾病的組織和器官上。但也有人認為，懷著摧毀它們的意圖來克隆人類胚胎，這是對人類生命的不尊重。

盡管克隆的這種用途引發(fā)了人們的很多憂慮，但對不能生育的41歲女推銷員伊·威爾遜來說卻是個好消息?！拔椰F(xiàn)在迫不及待地向要個孩子，”她說?！拔也幌胧震B(yǎng)別人的孩子，我也不想借用別的女人的卵子——我想要一個跟我在基因上又關(guān)系的孩子，如果有機會，我明天就想要一個克隆的孩子。”

盡管克隆人類胚胎在很多國家屬于非法，有些科學家已經(jīng)開始加緊研究，以便降生一個克隆的人類嬰兒。一個名叫韋里·諾安蒂諾里的意大利醫(yī)生就是該研究領(lǐng)域中的一個領(lǐng)軍人物，他宣傳自己想成為克隆人類的第一人。

在中國，科學家則把精力集中在克隆動物以及干細胞，以便用于醫(yī)學研究。中國已經(jīng)成功克隆出了牛和山羊，并在繼續(xù)研究利用克隆技術(shù)造福人類的各種途徑。

尊敬的編輯：

我堅信克隆人類是不道德的。如果我們干涉自然，我們將不得不應付各種后果。誰會知道發(fā)生什么呢？我們可能會制造出一個怪物，甚至是一個最終有一天反過來取代我們?nèi)祟惖某祟愇锓N。到那時，人類生命將不再是獨一無二的了，它將不過是一個供買賣的產(chǎn)品而已。

人類正在耗盡地球資源。毋庸置疑，我們應該少生孩子，以減少地球上的人口數(shù)量，二不是克隆出更多的人。

我為那種不能生育的女性感到遺憾，但我想指出，世界上還有很多沒有父母的兒童，如果有一個媽媽他們會很高興的。波琳·卡特 尊敬的編輯：

我想點評一下你們發(fā)表的文章“完美的復制品”。我認為，你們文中所提及的科學進展很是神奇。我完全同意克隆人類。畢竟，好幾個世紀以來科學家一直在挑戰(zhàn)道德問題。我們?yōu)槭裁匆x擇這個時間來組織他們呢？

根據(jù)我個人的觀點，克隆將會徹底改變我的生活。七年前，我10歲的女兒死于心臟病。她很漂亮、活潑、聰明。我每天都在思念她。如果我有機會，我會立刻克隆出她來，這樣我就能夠重新和她在一起了?？屏帧べZ克

Project人類與自然

長期以來，由于人類的漠不關(guān)心，我們的環(huán)境遭受了嚴重破壞。人類因農(nóng)業(yè)、漁業(yè)、狩獵以及旅游業(yè)已經(jīng)損害了自然。我們在海里修建新的通道，在陸地建造工廠，產(chǎn)生的化學廢物污染環(huán)境，這些都變本加厲地在破壞地球。如果我們繼續(xù)這樣做，總有一天我們會毀掉我們賴以生存的星球。

然而，如果我們只關(guān)注保護自然，人類就要受苦。并非一切對自然最好的對人類也是最好的。會有人說為了保護自然就應該停止經(jīng)濟發(fā)展嗎?根據(jù)有些人的觀點，我們只是在做人類一直在做的 事情--利用自然滿足我們自己的需求。還有·些人則爭辯說這樣的思維會帶來大災難，除非我們 開始關(guān)注周圍的環(huán)境，懂得清潔的環(huán)境為什么對我們大家有益。

在破壞自然、用竭自然資源數(shù)十年之后，許多發(fā)達國家現(xiàn)在更關(guān)注保護自然，而不是發(fā)展或破 壞自然。但是，許多貧窮國家必須致力于滿足其人民的日常需要。為了實現(xiàn)這一日標，他們正在飛 速消耗自然資源。他們還沒有像許多富裕國家那樣，認識到隨心所欲消耗自然資源的后果。他們往 往沒有意識到他們的選擇有害環(huán)境。如果他們毀掉了成千上萬畝的雨林，但卻使他們的人民有了更

好的收入，他們是否應該受到責備呢?世界上發(fā)達國家和發(fā)展中國家需要通力合作，確保人們過上富?？鞓返纳?，而周邊的環(huán)境也不會遭受破壞。

這不應該是人類獲勝、自然失敗的問題。人們只有保護自然才能真正地獲勝。畢竟，食物需要 在健康自然的環(huán)境系統(tǒng)中生長，我們都需要呼吸干凈的空氣，飲用純凈的水。找到對人類、對萬物 皆有利的解決方案，這是人類的職責。

轉(zhuǎn)基因食品：希望還是威脅?

近年來，遺傳學研究有了巨大的進步。由于這些進步，通向前所未有的科技之門打開了。當許 多人為這些新技術(shù)而興奮不已時，這些技術(shù)也讓其他人害怕。轉(zhuǎn)基因食品就是最好的例子。

可以通過兩種方法改變動植物基因。第一種方法是在動植物原有的DNA中插入新的物質(zhì)，這樣 可以讓動物或植物具有本質(zhì)上沒有的特性。第二種方法是移除動植物DNA原有的某些物質(zhì)，這樣可 以去除掉動植物原本具有的但人們不想要的一些特性。

轉(zhuǎn)基因研究的一個目的就是生產(chǎn)可以讓我們更加健康的食品。到目前為止，這項技術(shù)已用十植 物基因改造，基兇改造后的植物能更好地抵御蟲害和疾病。轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的支持者認為轉(zhuǎn)基因植物更 加健康，產(chǎn)量也更高。雖然現(xiàn)在也有轉(zhuǎn)基因動物研究，如對豬的研究，但目前還沒有轉(zhuǎn)基因肉類銷 售。

人們提出了許多關(guān)干轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的問題。沒有人真正知道轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是否可供人或動物安全食 用?？茖W家承認需要對轉(zhuǎn)基因食品做更多的測試。日前的研究僅局限于增加生產(chǎn)利潤，而不是確保 轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的安全。因此食用轉(zhuǎn)基因食品有可能是危險的。

還有一個問題是轉(zhuǎn)基因植物是否對環(huán)境安全。轉(zhuǎn)基因作物生長在戶外，因而它們成為食物鏈的。一部分——昆蟲以及其它動物會吃這些作物或者它們的果實，而這些昆蟲和動物又會被其他動物吃 掉。沒有人知道轉(zhuǎn)基因物質(zhì)會給食物鏈帶來什么影響。

由于沒有人確切地知道轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是否安全，許多國家在是否允許生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品問題上猶豫 不決，他們寧愿對這項新技術(shù)持謹慎的態(tài)度。

第三篇：譯林模塊5 Unit 3 同步講練及單元自測練習(譯林牛津版高二英語必修五教案教學設計)

譯林模塊5 Unit 3 同步講練及單元自測練習(譯林牛津版高二英語必修五教案教學設計)Welcome to the unit & reading 精講典析

1.Science is developing so fast that it is beyond our imagination.（page 41）

科學的發(fā)展如此之快，超出我們的想像。(1)beyond是介詞，常見用法為： ①（表示時間）遲于；過了……以后

Don’t stay there beyond midnight.不要過了午夜還留在那兒。② 超出（某種數(shù)量、限度）；超出……的范圍；非……可及

The switch on the wall was beyond the baby’s reach.裝在墻上的開關(guān)嬰兒是摸不到的。

We saw a building some distance beyond the woods.我們看見在樹林之外不遠的地方有一個建筑物。

It’s beyond human power.它超出了人的力量。

If the work is beyond Tom, it is certainly beyond me.如果湯姆干不了這項工作，我也干不了。

③ 除……之外（常用于含疑問或否定意義的結(jié)構(gòu)中）

I didn’t notice anything beyond his rather strange accent.除了他那頗為古怪的口音以外，我沒有注意到別的。

④ beyond作副詞時表示“再往前”或“再過去”。例如： There is nothing beyond.再過去就什么也沒有了。

The hill blocks our view.What’s beyond? 小山擋住了我們的視線。再往前是什么呢？

(2)imagination n.“想像力、空想、幻想物”，多用作不可數(shù)名詞。例如： The story shows plenty of imagination.這個故事表現(xiàn)出豐富的想像力。

Poets and artists have imagination.詩人和藝術(shù)家都有想象力。It does not take great imagination to guess what happened next.隨后發(fā)生的事情不難想象。

2.A recent announcement by scientists that they have successfully cloned the first human embryo has caused much debate and has shocked many people around the world.（page 42, lines 1—3）科學家最近宣布，他們已克隆出第一個人類胚胎，這在全球范圍內(nèi)引起了沸沸揚揚的辯論，許多人為之感到震驚。

(1)句中that引導同位語從句，對抽象名詞announcement做具體說明。announcement 與引導詞that之間被by scientists隔開。例如： They made a public announcement that the wages of the workers would be increased.他們發(fā)布了通告，那些工人的工資將會提高。

His sudden announcement that she was leaving took us quite by surprise.他突然說要離去, 這使我們非常驚奇。

(2)announcement n.“通告、公告”，可數(shù)名詞。例如：

There are several announcements in the newspaper today.今天的這張報紙上有好幾個通告。

The company put up an announcement on the wall.那家公司在墻壁上貼了一個通告。

The announcement about their marriage has appeared in the newspaper.他們結(jié)婚的通告已經(jīng)刊登在報紙上了。

3.On the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable tissues and organs that could be used to save human life.（page 42, lines 3—5）一方面，一些科學家指出，如果你能夠克隆出人類胚胎，就可以制造出拯救人類生命的寶貴的組織和器官了。

(1)on the one hand意為“一方面”，on the other hand意為“另一方面”。兩個短語都是表連接作用的副詞性短語?？梢酝瑫r用在一個句子中。例如： On(the)one hand, I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I ought to be studying at home.一方面我想去參加宴會，而另一方面我應當在家學習。

On the one hand this job doesn't pay very much, but on the other hand I can’t get another one.一方面這份工作報酬不高，可另一方面我又找不到其他工作。

(2)辨析：point out, point to, point at 注意這一組短語的區(qū)別。

① point out“指出、使注意”的意思。例如：

This guide book points out the main facts of early American history.這本導游手冊講述了美洲早期的重要史實

Can you point out the church in the picture? 你能指出圖片里的

教堂嗎？

He pointed out that the road was not safe that day.他指出，那條道路那天不安全。

② point to “顯示……的位置/方向”。例如：

The building points to the east.這座樓面朝東。

The hands of the clock pointed to half past eight.It was time we put our children to bed.鐘的指針指在八點半上, 我們該讓孩子們上床睡覺了。③ point at(把.……)“對準、指向”。例如：

The guide pointed at a tower and told us that it was built hundreds of years ago.導游指著一座塔, 告訴我們說這是數(shù)百年前修建的。

It’s rude to point your fingers at people.用手指指人是很失禮的。

4.On the other hand, many people, including some scientists disagree and fear that if mankind interferes with nature in this way, they may be on their way to producing a real-life Frankenstein’s monster.（page 42, lines 5—7）

另一方面，很多人，包括一些科學家都反對并擔心如果人類以這種方式干涉自然的話，他們將制造出現(xiàn)實生活中的弗蘭肯斯坦怪物。

(1)interfere with sb./sth.“干涉、干預；擺弄、妨礙”。例如： I am not going to be interfered with.我不想別人干預我的事情。He was afraid this would interfere with his study.他擔心這會妨礙他的學習。

I don’t want to interfere with you;proceed with your work.我不想打擾你了, 你繼續(xù)工作吧。

Who interfered with my camera? 誰擅自用過我的照相機?

(2)on one’s(the)way to/towards(doing)sth “即將做……”, 如果to后接一表地點的名詞，應理解為 “在去......的路上”。例如: We’re on the way towards an election victory.我們即將贏得大選。

He’s well on the way to establishing himself among the top ten players in the world.他即將進入世界前十名頂尖選手的行列。

I came across him on the way to work.我是在去上班的路上遇見他的。

I bought some bread on the way to the company.我在去公司的路上買了些麵包。

5.However, in general the scientists were praised for

their wonderful scientific breakthrough.（page 42, lines 12—13）但整體而言，科學家因為杰出的科學突破而受到贊揚。辨析：in general, as a whole 這兩個短語意義比較接近，都有“總的說來；大體上；通?！钡囊馑迹诰渥又形恢靡脖容^靈活，仔細斟酌還是有著微細的區(qū)別。① in general強調(diào)“個體或局部”。例如：

Women in general like to shop for new clothes.大多數(shù)婦女喜歡逛街買新衣服。

The class are, in general, very bright.總的說來, 這個班級的學生都很聰明。

In general, Alexander was a peaceful, loving man.總的來說，亞歷山大是個平和的、有愛心的人。

I like games in general, and especially football.各種運動我一般都喜歡，尤其是足球。

② as a whole 強調(diào) “整體或全局”。例如：

Therefore, …in order to understand the meaning of the text as a whole.(page 43)因此，……以便完整地理解文章的意思。

We must consider these matters as a whole.我們必須從整體上考慮這些事情。

There are some areas of poverty, but the country as a whole is fairly rich.這個國家有些地區(qū)比較貧困, 但總的來說是相當富裕的。

As a whole we tried our best.總的來說我們盡力了。

(2)praise的用法

① praise sb.for sth.“因……稱贊、表揚某人”。例如：

He was praised for his neat and careful work.他因工作認真、利索而受到贊揚。

He praised his team for their performance.他稱贊他的團隊表現(xiàn)出色。

The teacher praised her for her courage.老師贊揚了她的勇氣。② 做名詞用“稱贊、贊美、贊揚、表揚”。例如：

He earned praise for their efforts 他們由于努力而贏得贊譽

The audience was full of praise for the whole production.觀眾對整部作品稱贊不已。

③ in praise of短語常見在句中做狀語。例如：

He gave a speech in praise of the school.他在講話中稱贊了這所學校。

The teacher spoke in praise of the child for his honesty.他很誠實, 老師表揚了他。

6.However, some people consider that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.（page 42, lines 18—20）但也有人認為，懷著摧毀它們的意圖來克隆人類胚胎，是對人類生命的不尊重。

(1)with the intention of “抱有……目的、打算”，是一短語介詞，在句中做狀語表目的。例如：

He returned with the intention of spending New Year with his family.= He returned to spend New Year with his family.為了和家人共度新年他回來了。

I went to the supermarket with the intention of buying some food.= I went to the supermarket to buy some food.我去了超市，打算買些食物。

He left England with the intention of travelling in Africa.= He left England to travel in Africa.他離開英國打算去非洲旅行。

(2)辨析：intention, goal, aim, purpose 這些名詞都指人想要達到的 “目的”，但各有側(cè)重。① intention 只指某人想要追隨的行動方向。例如：

Do you have any intention of applying for the job? 你打算申請這個工作嗎？

It is not my intention to argue with you.我不是想和你爭論。If I've hurt your feelings, it was quite without intention.如果我傷了你的感情那完全是無意的。

② purpose 強調(diào)決心或決定的想法。例如：

He returned to his homeland with the purpose of serving his own people.他返回祖國, 意在為祖國人民服務。

His purpose was to discover how long these guests intended to stay.他想要知道這些客人打算呆多長時間。

③ goal 可指理想的或甚至遙遠的目標。例如：

Our goal is to earn enough money to keep the business going.我們的目標是賺足夠的錢使公司支撐下去。

We are all working towards a common goal.我們都在為一個共同目的而努力。

④ aim 強調(diào)為追尋某種目的而努力奮斗的方向。例如：

His only aim in life is to enjoy himself.他人生唯一的目的就是享受生活。

It is important to have a clear aim in view.心中有明確的目標是十分重要的。

(3)show respect for“對……表示尊敬”，respect是名詞可帶修飾語。例如：

You make me wait and don't show me any respect.你一點兒也不尊重我，讓我等了這么久。

You shall show greater respect for your elders.你應該對長輩尊重些。

The boss showed little respect for the employees.那個老板對雇員一點也不尊重。

He is a selfish fellow, who has no respect for anyone.他是個自私的家伙，對人一點也不尊重。

7.While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with research so as to deliver a cloned human baby.（page 42, lines 27—28）盡管克隆人類胚胎在很多國家屬于非法，有些科學家已加緊研究，以便降生一個克隆的人類嬰兒。

(1)push ahead with短語在句中做“推進、推行”理解。例如：

Whatever happens, we must push ahead with our plans to increase production.無論發(fā)生什么情況, 我們都必須推行我們的增產(chǎn)計劃。

He promised to push ahead with economic reform.他允諾繼續(xù)推行經(jīng)濟改革。

We are pushing forward with our plan.我們正堅決實施計劃。

(2)辨析：push ahead，go ahead 兩個短語都有“前進”的意義，ahead是副詞，都是不及物詞組，但其區(qū)別也是明顯的。

① push ahead強調(diào)“向前推進、急速前進”

If we push ahead, we can get home before dark.如果我們抓緊, 天黑前我們還能趕到家。

I want to push ahead on this project.有關(guān)這個方案我想繼續(xù)取得進展。

② go ahead “前進、繼續(xù)向前”, 在口語中有多種意義。例如： The project will go ahead.這個項目會做下去的。We feel you should go ahead.我們覺得您應該干。

Go ahead and do what you like.去吧，喜歡干什么就干什么?！狢an I use the bathroom? 我可以用一下衛(wèi)生間么？ —Go ahead!當然，請便！

Go ahead, we’re all listening to you carefully.開始吧，我們都在認真聽你說。

8.Human life would no longer be unique;it would just be a

product for sale.（page 43, lines 39—40）到那時人類生命將不再是獨一無二的了，將只是一個可供出售的產(chǎn)品。(1)辨析：unique, only 兩個詞做形容詞用都有“唯一的”的意思，但意義上區(qū)別較大。① unique強調(diào)的是“區(qū)別和與眾不同”。例如：

The beauty of Dunhuang is unique in the world.敦煌的美在世界上是獨一無二的。

She’s proud of her ring because of its unique design.她為她的戒指而自豪，因為戒指的設計是獨一無二的。② only強調(diào)的是“數(shù)量”。例如：

It's the only place to be seen these days.這是這些天惟一值得看的地方。

He was an only child.他是獨生子。

The only French city she enjoyed was Paris.巴黎是她惟一喜歡的法國城市。

Practice is the only way to learn a language well.學好一門語言的惟一途徑就是實踐。

(2)辨析：for sale, on sale ① for sale 是介詞短語，在句中作后置定語，修飾a product。for sale 相當于intended to be sold “待售”。還可以做狀語和表語。例如：

These are cars for sale at reasonable prices.這些是價位合理的待售小轎車。(定語)She has put her house up for sale.她現(xiàn)在的房子在出售。(狀語)I’m sorry this painting is not for sale.很抱歉，這幅畫是非賣品。(表語)② on sale 表示“出售”、“上市”的意思。on sale還可表示“廉價出售”。在句中也可以做定語、狀語和表語。例如：

The new model is not on sale in the shops.這種新款式在商店尚未上市。(表語)I got this hat on sale;it was very cheap.我在大減價時買到這頂帽子, 價格很便宜。(狀語)There are some nice apples on sale in that shop.那家商店有些很好的蘋果出售。(定語)

9.The human race is using up Earth’s resources.（page 43, line 41）人類正耗盡地球上的資源。

(1)use up “用光、耗盡”，use僅指動作過程，而use up則強調(diào)結(jié)果；英語中不少動詞都是如此。例如：

He knows how to use the savings and before long he will use up all the money.他知道怎樣使用這筆存款，用不了多久這筆錢會全部用完。

She didn’t want to end the relationship.But she finally had to end it up.她不想結(jié)束這種關(guān)系但最后她只好結(jié)束這種關(guān)系。

He was eating a hot dog when I came in.A few minutes later he ate up all the food on the table.我進來時他正在吃熱狗，不一會兒他吃完了餐桌上所有的食物。

She had to dig the garden.As a result, an old coin was dug up in the garden.她得把花園挖一挖, 結(jié)果在花園里挖出了一枚古硬幣。(2)辨析：use up, run out, run out of 表示“用完”時，這些詞組意義相同，但用法不同。① use up是及物動詞短語，其主語是人。例如：

I’ ve used up all the glue.= All the glue has been used by me.我把膠水都用光啦。

② run out是不及物動詞詞組，表示“被用完了（become used up)”，含被動意義，其主

語通常是時間、金錢、食物等無生命名詞。例如：

His money soon ran out.他的錢很快就花完了。

Food supplies had run out towards the end of the trip.在旅行快結(jié)束時，食物已經(jīng)吃完了。

③ run out of 含有介詞of，作及物動詞用，“用完(=use up)”的意思。例如：

He ran out of gas a mile from home.他在離家還有一英里的地方把汽油用完了。

What if I've run out of money？我把錢花光了怎么辦？

10.I am in complete agreement with human cloning.（page 43, lines 49—50）我完全同意克隆人類。

(1)in agreement with 是一短語介詞，句中be in complete agreement with/about 是系表結(jié)構(gòu)= quite agree with /about，意思是“完全同意；意見一致”，其介詞短語還可以在句中做其他成分。例如：

We are in agreement with their decision.我們同意他們的決定。I am quite in agreement with what you say.我十分同意你說的話。I find myself in almost total agreement with Tony.(賓補)我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的意見幾乎完全與托尼一致。

He nodded in agreement with me.他點頭表示同意我的意見。(狀語)

11.Seven years ago, my 10-year-old daughter died of heart failure.（page 43, lines 52—53）七年前，我10歲的女兒死于心臟病。辨析：die of, die from ① die of“死于”，常常表示由于疾病、情感、饑餓等原因死亡。例如： The baby died of a fever.那嬰兒因發(fā)高燒而死。

In a cold winter, many wild animals may die of hunger.在嚴寒的冬天，很多野生動物會死于饑餓。

The old woman died of grief soon after her husband’s death.那位老太太在丈夫去世后不久因悲傷而死。

② die from意思是“由于……而死”，一般指除了疾病或情感以外的原因造成的死亡。

He died from a chest wound.他因胸部受傷而死亡。

In a cold winter, wild animals may die from lack of food.在嚴寒的冬天，野生動物會由于缺乏食物而死亡。

He’s so busy, I am worried he’s going to die from work too much.他那么忙，我怕他會因工作過勞而死。

12.Question things you do not understand or that do not appear to make sense.(page 43)對于你不了解的地方，或者似乎講不通的地方，要提出問題。辨析：appear, seem 兩個詞做系動詞用都有“似乎、好像”的意思，含義似乎沒有多大差異，在句型結(jié)構(gòu)上也基本一樣，有時候也能互換，微細的區(qū)別仍然值得注意。

① appear暗含“的確如此”含義，如果要表示某種判斷而得出的印象最好用appear。appear還可以是行為動詞“出現(xiàn)，顯現(xiàn)”的意思。例如：

It appeared that he had a taste for music.= He appeared to have a taste for music.看來他對音樂還有一定的鑒賞力。

They appear / seem to have misunderstood me.= It appears /seems that they have misunderstood me.他們似乎誤解了我。

The actress is thirty-five years old, but she appears a lot younger.= The actress is thirty-five years old, but it appears that she is a lot younger.那個女演員三十五歲了，但是她看上去年輕得多。

② seem所表示的“似乎”或“看來”是以客觀的跡象為依據(jù)。還可以有It seems as if…句型，而appear則不能用于此句型。例如：

She seems a clever girl.= It seems that she is a clever girl.她好像是個聰明的姑娘。

The baby seems(to be)asleep.= It seems that the baby is asleep.那嬰孩好像是睡著了。

He seemed disappointed when the man refused his request.= It seemed that he was disappointed when the man refused his request.當那個人拒絕了他的要求時他看起來很失望。

It seems that you are lying.= You seem to be lying.看來你在撒謊。

It seems as if you are the first one here.看起來你是第一個來這兒的。

It seems as if she has been to England.好像要下一場雷陣雨。

13.Why do some people think they have the right to go against nature?（page 45）為什么有些人認為他們有權(quán)與自然對抗呢？ 辨析：go against, be against 他們基本同義，都有“反對、違背、不利于”的意思，仍有區(qū)別。① go against sb./sth 指“動作”。例如：

Don’t go against your parents /your parents’ wishes.不要違背父母親的愿望。

He went against the advice of his colleagues and resigned.他不顧同事們的勸告辭了職。

② be against指“狀態(tài)”。例如：

Are most people against the proposal? 是多數(shù)人都反對這項提議嗎？ It was against his will to do such things.做這類事是違背他的本意。

14.I believe that strict laws should be put in place and governments should do more to stop human cloning.（page 45）我認為應該嚴格立法，政府也該采取更多的措施阻止人類克隆。

in place 在句中作狀語，意思是“在對的位置”、“在適當?shù)奈恢谩?，其反義短語out of place“不合適;不恰當”。在句中做表語有“合適的；恰當?shù)摹钡囊馑?。例如?/p>

She likes everything to be in place before she starts work.工作前，她喜歡把東西擺放得井然有序。

Some of these books are out of place.Please put them in right order.有些書位置不對, 請把它們按順序放好。

With everything in place, she started the slide show.一切就緒，她開始放幻燈片

The proposal is not quite in place.那提議并不十分恰當。

課堂作業(yè)

Ⅰ.根據(jù)漢語意思或首字母完成句子。

1.It has helped Chinese scientists make breakthroughs.2.Other women are desperate to get back to work.3.The aim is to reduce anxiety and help the patients relax.4.Nothing could stop the advance of the soldiers.5.He received four years of normal education at college.6.The building was totally(完全地)destroyed by the fire 7.We shall do this for the benefit(利益)of the patients.8.You’ll succeed(成功)only if you put all your heart into it.9.Another agreement(協(xié)議)to be signed tomorrow will concern technical co-operation.10.She finds it difficult to grasp the basic concept(概念).II.選用表格內(nèi)短語動詞詞語的適當形式完成下列句子。

go against, interfere with, concentrate on, push ahead with, succeed in, point out, show respect for, end up, use up, praise…for, come across, be delighted to 1.Anxiety can interfere with children’s performance when they take an exam.2.The election went against him at first, but he won at last.3.You should concentrate on the road when you’re driving.4.At last the climbers succeeded in climbing up the top of the mountains.5.Don’t use up all the soap.Leave me some to wash with.6.Everyone shows respect for her contribution to peace in the country.7.They were praised by police for reporting the theft.8.If you go against nature and do things, you will have to do more work and the results will not be so good.9.I felt I could not move another step, but after lunch I pushed ahead with the rest.10．Mistakes in the printing should be pointed out at once.Ⅲ.選用表格內(nèi)所給短語完成下列句子。

in general, with the intention to, for sale, in agreement with, on the one hand, one one’s way to, in place, on the other hand 1.I’m well on the way to completing the report.2.On the one hand they’d love to have kids, but on the other, they don’t want to give up their freedom.3.In general, this type of cars is very functional and failures are rare.4.I am in agreement with you that she should be given more responsibilities.5.Before the examination, please put everything for it in place.6.On the other hand, many women choose to go out to work.7.Last week my wife and I arranged to see a house that was for sale.8.I worked late into the night with the intention to earning enough money.Ⅳ.單項選擇。

1.—Your tie goes very well with your shirt.— A.A.Oh, I got it on sale

B.I bought it at half price C.Does it really look OK?

D.No, not so nice 2.What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has B ? A.run out B.put out C.held up D.used up 3.In this state, all the adults who D laws were to be severely punished.A.went for B.stood for C.stood against D.went against 4.Father likes everything to be D.A.in place B.in the place C.in its place D.in a place 5.The earth’s resources C very quickly.A.are used up B.will be used up C.are being used up D.have used up 6.Jim was very happy yesterday because he B the book that he wanted.A.came to B.came across C.came about D.came out 7.The couple are unable to have children of their own, but hope to C one.A.adapt B.receive C.adopt D.keep 8.Many children think they are A with when their parents are trying to show concern about them.A.interfered B.separated C.disturbed D.informed 9.The baby reached out his hands, crying in B want of his mother.A.curious B.desperate C.sincere

D.serious 10.They’re travelling across Europe by train and are planning to end up in Moscow.A.ended up B.ending up C.end up D.to end up Word power & Grammar and usage 精講典析

1.This is the organ that controls the rest of the organs, just like the headmaster controls the school.（page 47）正是這個器官控制其他器官，正如校長控制學校一樣。

辨析：the rest, the other 兩者都有“其他的、其余的”的意義，但他們的區(qū)別較大。

① rest是名詞，即可指人也可指物，多指某一整體范圍之內(nèi)的其他；the rest(of +名詞)做主語時，謂語動詞可以用單數(shù)形式，也可以用復數(shù)形式，應視the rest所代替的那個名詞而定。例如：

I have got two bright students in the class, but the rest(of the students)are average.這個班我有兩個聰明的學生，其余的平常。

I’ll keep one third of the money and the rest(of the money)is for you.我留下三分之一的錢，其余的給你。

The beginning of the lecture was boring, but the rest was interesting.開始部分演講十分枯燥，但是其余部分很有趣。

The rest of the bicycles are on sale today.其余的自行車今日上市銷售。

② other是代詞，單數(shù)是兩者中的“另一”，復數(shù)才指“其余的(人或物)”；多指若干個個體中的其余部分。做形容詞用時亦是如此。例如：

She gave me one book last week and promised to bring the other on Wednesday.她上周給了我一本書，并承諾星期三帶來另一本。

I went swimming while the others played basketball.我去游泳, 其余的人都去打籃球了。

There must be some other reason for him refusing to help.他不肯幫忙, 一定另有原因。

Are there any other problems? 還有其他的問題嗎? Other people found it difficult to get along with her.其他的人覺得她很難相處。

2.He is always working in his lab, trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.（page 49）他總是在實驗室工作，盡力去弄明白所有使他困惑的奧秘。

figure out在句中意為“弄明白”;figure out還可表示“計算出”或“解決”。例如：

I just can’t figure him out.我簡直摸不透他。

No one can figure out how the fire started.沒有人弄得清這場火災是怎么引發(fā)的。

Could you help me figure out this problem? 你能幫我解決這問題嗎? I have figured out how much during the week I spent.我算出了這個星期花了多少錢。

3.He must have been working too hard to notice!（page 49）他可能太專注于工作了，根本沒有注意到。

must have been working是情態(tài)動詞must 接動詞的現(xiàn)在完成進行時，表示對過去事情的推測，意思是“肯定一直在……”，“想必一直在……”。例如： John must have been playing football and Mary must have been doing her homework.約翰肯定一直在踢足球，而瑪麗想必一直在做作業(yè)。

You must have been overdoing things a bit.想必你一直以來都過于勞累。

3.I think we should be cautious and use good judgment when making decisions about cloning.（page 49）我認為在就克隆問題作出決策時，應當慎重行事，作出理智判斷。辨析：cautious, careful ① cautious adj.“小心的, 謹慎的”，語氣比careful強，指十分小心，防止出現(xiàn)危險或差錯，帶有提防的意味，強調(diào)“意識”。常用句型：be cautious of/about sb./sth./doing sth.提防某人；注意某事；仔細干某事。例如：

If I had been more cautious, I might have done better.我要是再謹慎一點，可能做得更好。

We should be cautious of strangers.我們應該提防陌生人

The bank is very cautious about lending money.銀行在貸款方面十分慎重。

② careful側(cè)重做事謹慎、留心，特別注意一些細節(jié)地方，著眼于“行動”。例如：

I begged him to be more careful.我求他更謹慎些。

Be careful not to lose her address.小心別把她的地址給弄丟了。

4.Although it involves some cost on your part, you will definitely agree it’s worth it!（page 49）盡管要支付一筆費用，但你肯定會認為是值得的。

(1)involve vt."使卷入、牽涉、包括”，常用句型：involve sb.in 使參與〔陷入, 牽扯到〕

involve sb.with 與(某人)有密切關(guān)系。例如：

Buying an expensive car involved him in debt.買一輛昂貴的汽車使他負債累累。

The project involved great expense.那項工程開支巨大。

Don’t involve me in your quarrel.不要把我卷進你們的爭吵中。Don’t involve yourself with those people.不要和那些人混在一起。

(2)on one’s part 就某人而言

I will never do such a thing on my part.我永不做這樣的事。

It was a mistake on your part to meet him.和他見面是你的錯誤。There was a series of errors on my part.我犯了一連串的錯誤。

5.Treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.（page 50）采用電療，這個細胞的組織會分裂成幾個部分。

split into, divide into, separate into 這一組短語都有“分成 /為……”的意義，在句型結(jié)構(gòu)上也非常接近, 歸納如下： ① 主語是sth.動詞與介詞into不拆分。例如：

The river splits into three smaller streams at this point.這條河在此處分成三條小河

The class separated into several smaller groups to talk about the subject.這個班的學生分成了幾個小組討論這個問題。

His lecture divides into three parts.他的演講分三部分。② 主語是sb.動詞與介詞into拆分。例如：

She split the class into groups of four.她把這個班班分成4個組。

Divide the cake into quarters and share it equally.把蛋糕分成四份, 大家平均享用。

I separated the documents into two piles.我把文件分成兩摞。③ 都可以用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

The old farm has been split into house lots.這古老的農(nóng)場已被劃分為一塊塊的宅地。

After World War Two, Germany was divided into two separate countries.二戰(zhàn)后，德國被分成為兩個國家。

The land was separated into small fields.那塊地被分割為小塊的田地。

詞匯奧秘

派生詞：前綴和后綴

詞根加上前綴或后綴而構(gòu)成的新詞叫派生詞。通常前綴改變詞義，后綴改變詞性。如unbelievable一詞，其構(gòu)成為：un—believe—able，前綴un-表否定，形容詞后綴-able表示“能夠的”，由此可推斷unbelievable的意思為“not able to believe”(難以置信的)。因此，掌握一些有關(guān)前綴的和后綴的知識對學習英語詞匯有很大的幫助。1.常見的前綴：

un-, im-, in-, dis-, ir-, non-不；無

unfair不公平的 uncover揭開(蓋子)imperfect不完美的 incorrect不正確的 dishonesty不誠實 irregular不規(guī)則的

nonstop不停的 nonsmoker不抽煙的人 anti-反；抗

anti-war反戰(zhàn)的 anti-aging抗衰老的 anti-smoking反對吸煙的

auto-自動

autoalarm自動報警器 automation自動控制 mis-錯

misunderstand誤解 misfortune不幸 misspell拼錯 inter-在……之間

interact相互作用 interschool學校間 international國際的 over-過度

overload超載；overwork 過度工作；overweight超重 pre-前；預先

preface 前言 prewar戰(zhàn)前的 preschool學齡前的 post-后

postgraduate研究生 postwar 戰(zhàn)后的 postposition后置詞 multi-多

multi-purpose 多種用途的 multimedia多媒體 multimillionaire 千萬富翁 re-再

retell復述；reconsider重新考慮；review復習semi-半

semimonthly半月刊；semifinal半決賽的；semi-colonial半殖民地的 super-超級

superfine特級的；superhuman超人的；supermarket超級市場 tele-電

telephone電話；television電視；telephoto電傳照相 kilo-千

kilometer千米, 公里；kilogram千克, 公斤；kilowatt千瓦 vice-副

vice-chairman副主席；vice-minister副部長；vice-president副總統(tǒng)

2.一些常見的后綴：

（1）名詞后綴：

-er,-or,-ian,-eer,-ist 表示“人”

teacher 教師 reader 讀者 sailor 水手

actor 演員 historian 歷史學家 musician 音樂家

magician 魔術(shù)師 engineer 工程師 volunteer 志愿者

scientist 科學家 artist 藝術(shù)家

physicist 物理學家-ese 通常加在國名或地名上，表示“人，語言”

Chinese 中國人，漢語 Japanese 日本人，日語-ance 通常加在動詞或形容詞后，構(gòu)成抽象名詞

importance 重要性 assistance 幫助 guidance 指導

-tion 通常加在動詞后，構(gòu)成抽象名詞

education教育 pronunciation發(fā)音 production 生產(chǎn)

-ment 通常加在動詞后，表示“行動，結(jié)果”

movement 運動 achievement 成就 development 發(fā)展

-ness 通常加在形容詞后

weakness弱點 happiness幸福 kindness好意

-ity 通常加在形容詞后

activity活動 equality平等 electricity電

-ship 加在名詞后

leadership領(lǐng)導 sportsmanship運動員精神 friendship友誼-ism 表示“主義”

socialism 社會主義 communism共產(chǎn)主義 colonialism 殖民主義

-hood 表示“時代，境遇，身份等”

childhood童年 neighborhood鄰近motherhood母親身份-ty 通常加在形容詞后

difficulty 困難 variety 多樣化 anxiety焦慮

-th 通常加在動詞或形容詞后，構(gòu)成抽象名詞

growth 成長 truth 事實 strength力量

（2）形容詞后綴：

-al 通常加在名詞后，表示“與……有關(guān)的”

cultural 文化的 musical 音樂的 natural 自然的

-able,-ible 通常加在動詞后，表示“能夠，適于”

eatable 可食用的 suitable 合適的 visible 可見的

-ful,-ous 通常加在名詞后，表示“充滿，傾向”

beautiful美麗的 powerful強大的 careful仔細的

poisonous有毒的 famous著名的 various各種各樣的

-less 通常加在名詞后，表示“無”

fearless無畏的 endless無盡的 careless粗心的

-ern 加在名詞后，表示“方向”

eastern東方的 western西方的 southern南方的

-ive 通常加在動詞后

active積極的 protective防護的 collective集合的

-some 表示“易于，引起”

troublesome麻煩的 tiresome引起疲勞或厭煩的 quarrelsome 好爭吵的

-y 通常加在名詞后，表示“充滿，傾向”

dirty 骯臟的 noisy 喧鬧的 rainy下雨的

sunny 晴朗的 easy容易的 thirsty口渴的

-like 加在名詞后，表示“……似的”

childlike 孩子似的 womanlike 女人似的 manlike 男人似的

-ly 通常加在名詞后

friendly 友好的 leisurely 悠閑的 daily 每日的

-en 加在名詞后，表示“由……制成的”

wooden木制的 woolen毛紡的 golden金的

（3）動詞后綴：

-en 加在形容詞或名詞后，表示“使”

shorten 縮短 deepen加深 strengthen加強

-fy 加在形容詞或名詞后，表示“使”

beautify美化 classify 把……分等級 simplify 簡化

-ize 加在形容詞或名詞后，表示“使”

realize實現(xiàn) modernize使現(xiàn)代化 apologize道歉

（4）副詞后綴：

-ly 通常加在形容詞后

happily 愉快地 really 真正地 terribly可怕地

-ward(s)表示“方向”

backward(s)向后地 upward(s)向上地 onward(s)向前地（5）數(shù)詞后綴：

-teen 表示“加十”

sixteen十六 seventeen 十七 nineteen 十九

-ty 表示“乘十”

sixty 六十 seventy 七十 ninety 九十

-th 構(gòu)成序數(shù)詞

sixteenth 第十六 seventieth 第七十 ninetieth第九十

語法知識 過去分詞

過去分詞作非謂語動詞用時，它具有形容詞和副詞的語法特征，在句子中做定語、表語、賓語補足語和狀語。過去分詞常表示被動意義；在時間關(guān)系上，過去分詞通常表示動作已完成；不及物動詞的過去分詞，不表示被動意義，只表示完成意義。1.用法

定語 The injured boy was sent to hospital.He carefully studied the stamps collected in London.表語 The glass is broken.賓語補足語 You must get your hair cut.狀語 The old man stood up, supported by his son.He came into his office, followed by two guards.Seen from the top of the hill, the city is more beautiful.① 作定語。單個過去分詞或復合詞一般放在所修飾的名詞前；過去分詞短語作定語時，則放在所修飾的詞后面，被修飾的詞和過去分詞應是被動的邏輯主謂關(guān)系即主動意義上的動賓關(guān)系或邏輯上的系表結(jié)構(gòu)表狀態(tài)，都可以轉(zhuǎn)換成一個含有被動語態(tài)或系表結(jié)構(gòu)的定語從句。例如：

man-made satellites（人造衛(wèi)星），school-run factories（校辦工廠）

Students always grow with newly found knowledge.(page 47)學生總是用新發(fā)現(xiàn)的知識伴隨著自己成長。

A surprised look appeared on his face when he heard that his friend had died．

當他聽說他的朋友死了，他臉上顯示出吃驚的表情。

A letter(that is)posted today will reach him the day after tomorrow．

今天發(fā)出的信后天他能收到。（post與a letter存在意義上的動賓關(guān)系。）I want a child(that is)genetically related to me.(page 42, lines 24-25)我想一個在基因上有關(guān)系的孩子。

② 作表語。表示主語所處的狀態(tài);除了系動詞be外，還有其他的系動詞也常見用過去分詞做表語。常用作表語的過去分詞有interested，excited，disappointed，delighted，discouraged，drunk，amused，astonished，tired，surprised，pleased，satisfied，worried，upset，married，frightened等。例如：

That’s disappointed.I think you’ll be pleased when it’s finished.(page 51)真讓人失望。我想作業(yè)做完的時候，你會開心的。

He sounded so thrilled.(page 49)他聽起來如此激動。

Otherwise you will get bored.(page 49)否則你會覺得無聊。I’m totally burnt out.(page 51)我完全筋疲力盡了。

③ 作賓補。和賓語一起構(gòu)成復合賓語，賓語是其邏輯主語。have, make, get, keep, hear, feel, see, find, watch, notice, imagine, consider, want, wish, desire, like等動詞常接過去分詞作賓補。He is always working in his lab, trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.（page 49）他總是在實驗室工作，盡力去弄明白所有使他困惑的奧秘。

He spoke loudly in order to make himself heard.I’m gong to have my house repaired next week.He had to get the form signed by a doctor.He heard his name called.I found the city greatly changed.④ 作狀語。常修飾謂語動詞所表示的動作，可表示時間、原因、方式、伴隨等，其邏輯主語是句子的主語，主語和過去分詞同樣構(gòu)成邏輯主謂的被動關(guān)系，可以同相應的狀語從句進行轉(zhuǎn)換。例如：

Treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.（page 50）= When it is treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.采用電療，這個細胞的組織會分裂成幾個部分。(表時間)Given more time, I’ll work out all the maths problems．=If I am given more time, I’ll work out all the maths problems．(表條件)Driven by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.=As they are driven by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.(表條件)

⑤ with+名詞(或代詞)+過去分詞

在介詞with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞和前面的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯主謂的被動關(guān)系, with復合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中做狀語。例如: I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.我在房間坐了一會兒，眼睛盯著天花板。（表伴隨）

She had to walk home with her bike stolen.自行車被偷，她只好步行回家。（表原因）

I had the TV on with the sound turned down.我讓電視機開著，但音量調(diào)低了。（表方式）

2.分詞的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)

當過去分詞做狀語表時間、條件、讓步或方式時，可以在分詞前加上相應的連詞when /while / before /after /since /if /unless /though等；在狀語從句中，當主從句的主語一致且謂語中含有系動詞或助動詞be時，從句的主語和be就可省略。例如：

Unless invited to speak, he remained silent.When offered help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”

When completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.3.過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞完成被動式的用法比較

現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動式作狀語，有時可與過去分詞換用。過去分詞側(cè)重于動作的被動，現(xiàn)在分詞完成被動式側(cè)重于動作的完成(即強調(diào)與謂語動作的先后關(guān)系)。如果不強調(diào)動作的先后，只強調(diào)動作的被動，這時只用過去分詞，不用現(xiàn)在分詞完成被動式。例如：

Having been discussed(Discussed)many times, the problems were settled at last.Having been shown around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.4.作狀語時表示主動意義的過去分詞

有些過去分詞因為來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，其本身已經(jīng)是形容詞了，作狀語時不表被動而表主動意義。常見的這類詞有：lost（迷路的、迷失的），seated（就座的），hidden（隱秘的、隱藏的），absorbed in（投入的、全神貫注的），born（出生的、產(chǎn)生的），dressed in（穿戴好的），tired of（厭倦的、厭煩的）等。例如：

Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.Born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it.Faced with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.Interested in the subject, he spent much time reading the books.課堂作業(yè)

Ⅰ.單項選擇。

1.Some of the wheat is from China.What about D ? A.another B.the other

C.others D.the rest 2.We can’t wait.We have to A the direction and the distance before we take action.A.figure out B.make out C.think out

D.turn out 3.I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car.They B at least 150 kilometers an hour.A.should have been doing B.must have been doing C.could have done D.would have done 4.I’m lucky enough to find the same knife D I lost yesterday.A.which B.what

C.like

D.that 5.He is a B investor who studied the market before buying.A.careless B.cautious C.hasty

D.impatient 6.He has nothing to do with the murder case.He is not C in it.A.concerned in B.concerned for C.involved in

D.related in 7.—Jack bought a new mobile phone A.—Did he? That’s his third one in just one month.A.the other day B.by now

C.some day

D.for the firs time 8.He reached the top of his D in very little time.A.judgement B.comment

C.concept

D.profession 9.He B as if nothing out of the ordinary was happening.A.has behaved B.behaved

C.is behaving

D.behaves

10.All of them are experts in their chosen C.A.effect B.position

C.field

D direction

Ⅱ.用適當?shù)姆侵^語動詞形式填空。

1.She caught the student cheating(cheat)in exams.2.When I got there, I found him repairing(repair)farm tools.3.When I got there, I found the farm tools repaired.(repair)4.Just then he heard someone calling(call)for help.5.He worked so hard that he got his pay raised.(raise)6.The missing boys were last seen playing(play)near the river.7.Compared(compare)with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful.8.The workers had the machines running(run)all night long to finish the work on time.9.People in the south have their houses made(make)of bamboo(竹).10.Lost(lose)in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.Ⅲ.用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當形式填空。

1.He did not seem at all interested(interest)in the subject.It will be very interesting(interest)to see what they come up with.2.I am always pleased(please)to hear from former students.He is a very well mannered and pleasing(please)young man.3.It was surprising(surprise)that he finished writing a novel in only twenty days.Are you surprised(surprise)to see Einstein on a Chinese stamp? 4.It is said that the team made a disappointing(disappoint)start.We were disappointed(disappoint)that they could not learn the lesson of history.5.When she had finished her meal, she gave a satisfied(satisfy)smile.The work proved to be more satisfying(satisfy)than being a teacher.Ⅳ.單項選擇。

1.She wants her paintings D in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular.(2007 上海春)A.display B.to display C.displaying D.displayed 2.The flowers his friend gave him will die unless A every day.(2007 四川)A.watered B.watering C.water

D.to water 3.A by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.(2007 浙江)A.Driven B.Being driven C.To drive D.Having driven 4.— Can those C at the back of the classroom hear me?（2008福建）—No problem.A.seat B.sit C.seated D.sat 5.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English C as much as we can.（2008江蘇卷）A.speak B.speaking C.spoken D.to speak 6.B and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.(2006全國1)A.Surprising B.Surprised C.Being surprised D.To be surprising 7.They have a very practical little table that folds up(折疊起來)quickly when B.A.not to be needed B.not needed C.needed not D.to be n 8.With the money C , he couldn’t buy any ticket.A.to lose B.losing C.lost

D.has lost 9.—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? —The key B the problem is to meet the demand B by the customers.A.to solving;making B.to solving;made C.to solve;making D.to solve;made 10.Deeply B , I thanked her again and again.A.being moving B.moved C.moving

D.to be moved

Task & project 精講典析

1.I am writing to complain about your plans to start cloning human beings in the UK.（page 56）我寫信投訴你準備在英國開始克隆人的計劃。

complain vt.& vi.“抱怨、訴苦、投訴”，其常用句型有： ① 不及物動詞。例如：

You have no reason to complain.你沒有理由抱怨。② complain that從句 抱怨……。例如：

She often complains that he is dishonest.她常埋怨說他不誠實。

They complained that the wages were too low.他們抱怨工資過低。

She complained(to me)that he had been rude to her.(她向我訴說)他曾對她有粗魯?shù)男袨椤?/p>

③ complain of/about(doing)sth.抱怨, 抗議做某事。例如： Jean is always complaining about something.瓊總是滿腹牢騷。They complained about the food.他們抱怨這糟糕的食物。

④ complain(to sb)about sth.(向某人)抱怨/投訴什么事。All the guests complained to the waiter about the noise.所有的客人都向服務員抱怨這些噪音。

I’m going to complain to your manager about this!我要向你們經(jīng)理投訴這件事!

2.I understand that other countries have already begun trying to clone human beings, but this does not mean that we should follow in their footsteps.（page 56）我獲悉其他國家已經(jīng)開始克隆人，但這并不意味著我們就要步其后塵。

follow / walk in sb.’s footsteps “仿效某人、步某人后塵”。例如： She works in theatre, following in her father’s footsteps.他繼承父業(yè)，也從事戲劇工作。

His daughter followed in his steps(footsteps)and became a doctor.他女兒走他的路，當了醫(yī)生。

Are you going to follow your father’s steps as a policeman? 你是不是繼承你父親的遺志當警察呢？

3.I’m sure that if you conducted a survey among UK citizens, it would show that the majority of people would not advocate this type of scientific research.(page 56)如果你在英國公民中進行一項調(diào)查，我肯定大多數(shù)人不同意這種科學研究。(1)conduct vt.& vi.“組織、實施、進行”= carry out。例如： The survey must be conducted / carried out in secret.這次調(diào)查必須悄悄地進行。

They will carry out / conduct experiments.他們將進行實驗。

(2)辨析：majority, most 這兩個詞都有 “多數(shù)，大多數(shù)”的意思，但區(qū)別較大。

① majority 是名詞，做主語時，如果of所有格的名詞是復數(shù)，其謂語動詞應是復數(shù)形式，如果是不可數(shù)名詞，其謂語動詞應是單數(shù)，如果僅majority做主語，其謂語動詞單復數(shù)均可。例如：

The majority of his books are kept upstairs.他的大部分書收藏在樓上。

The majority of the workers voted to go back to work.大多員

工投票主張復工。

The majority of the damage is easy to repair.這次的大部分損害容易補救。

The majority was / were in favor of banning smoking in offices and some other places in public.大多數(shù)人都贊成在辦公室和其他一些公共場所禁煙。

② most是代詞，其前不可能加冠詞，其謂語動詞和majority一樣也應視情況而定。例如：

There are thousands of verbs in English and most(of them)are regular.英語中有成千上萬的動詞，大多數(shù)是規(guī)則的。

Most of the people are aware of it.多數(shù)人知道這個。Most of her books were stolen.她的大部分書都被偷走了。Most of his time is used to read.大多數(shù)時間他用來閱讀。③ most可做形容詞用于修飾名詞。例如：

Most students passed the examination.大多數(shù)學生通過了考試。These types of buildings are seen in most European countries.在大多數(shù)歐洲國家你能見到這樣式的建筑。

(3)advocate vt.“提倡、主張、倡導”，可接名詞或動名詞做賓語。例如： Our premier advocates higher salaries for teachers.我們的總理主張?zhí)岣呓處煹墓べY。

I don’t advocate doing such things.我不主張干這樣的事情。Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behavior.許多專家主張對孩子好的行為表現(xiàn)給予獎勵。

4.To conclude, I urge you to seek the opinions of the people of the UK on this matter so we can end this immoral practice immediately.（page 56）總之，我迫切要求你聽聽英國人民對這件事的看法，以便我們能夠立刻終止這種不道德的做法。

(1)to conclude =in conclusion=finally, 意為“最后、總之、總而言之、綜上所述”，用在發(fā)言或演講結(jié)束時的總結(jié)項標志，在句中做插入語。例如： To conclude / In conclusion / Finally, I wish the Summit a complete success!最后(一句話)，祝大會取得圓滿成功！

T conclude / In conclusion / Finally，I wish you every success in your work.最后(一句話), 我祝你們工作順利。

In conclusion, nanotechnology holds some very exciting promises for the future, but we must use this technology wisely.(page 110)

綜上所述，納米技術(shù)前景很好;我們必須很好的利用這項技術(shù)。

In conclusion, it is clear that the market is maturing.總之，市場正日趨成熟這一點十分清楚。

(2)urge vt.“力勸;敦促”的意思，其主要句型結(jié)構(gòu)有： ① urge sb.to do sth.。例如：

We all urged him to go ahead with his plan.我們都鼓勵他實施他的計劃。

She urges me to take steps in the matter.她催我處理此事。② urge sb.into doing sth.。例如：

My friend urged me into applying for the job.朋友們力勸我申請了那份工作。

He urged her into studying physics.他極力勸她學習物理。③ 接賓語從句時要用虛擬語氣，從句中should可省略。例如：

He urged that they(should)go to New York.他極力主張他們?nèi)ゼ~約。

The report urged that all children(should)be taught to swim.那份報告主張所以的孩子們都要學會游泳。

(3)辨析：seek, search for, look for, hunt for 這一組詞或短語都有“搜尋、尋找”的意思，強調(diào)的都是動作，在句型結(jié)構(gòu)和用法上也相似有時可相互轉(zhuǎn)換。① seek vt.& vi.We sought long and hard but found no answer.我們作了長期的艱苦探索, 但沒有找到答案。

Police are still seeking / searching for the missing child.警方仍在搜尋那名失蹤的兒童。

He is seeking / searching for the answer now.他現(xiàn)在正在尋找答案。

We shouldn’t seek after comfort, personal fame, or gain.我們不應該貪圖安逸, 追名逐利。

② search(for)還帶有“搜”的含義，其賓語不僅有人或物，還有地點，其他詞或詞組顯然不帶此意義。例如：

She searched the house from top to bottom.她將整個房子找了個遍。

I must search the Internet for one of his pictures.我必須上網(wǎng)搜索他的一張照片。

After he felt better, he searched for work at the various mills.他感到好些后, 就在各工廠找工作。

They searched all the drawers for the missing paper.他們翻了所有的抽屜找尋那份遺失的文件。

③ look for是常用語，除了具體的人或物外，其賓語還有較抽象的內(nèi)容。例如：

Why are the police looking for / search for/ seeking you? 為什么警察在四處找你? He has come all the way from Leeds to look / search for a job.他從利茲遠道而來尋找工作.That foolish fellow is looking for trouble.那個愚蠢的家伙在自找麻煩。

It’s too soon yet to look for results.要想知道結(jié)果那還太早。④ hunt for除了“尋找”意義外，還有“獵取……”之意，其他無法替代。例如： The whole neighborhood have been hunting for / searching for /looking for/ seeking the missing child.整條街的人都在尋找那個失蹤的孩子。

He has been hunting for / looking for/ search for a job.他一直在找工作。

Police are hunting / searching for the killer.警察在追捕兇手。

He’s on holiday in Africa, hunting for animals.他正在非洲度假打獵呢。

The natives live by hunting for their food.當?shù)厝艘垣C取野獸為食。

6.The very genes that make crops resistant to pests and disease could be harmful to animals.（page 57）正是那些使農(nóng)作物抵抗害蟲和疾病的基因，可能對動物有害。

(1)very 在句中是形容詞，用以加強語氣，意思是“正是那個”、“正是所要的”、“恰好的”、“極其”。例如：

This is the very book I want!這正是我所需要的書。

At that very moment the telephone bell rang.恰好在那個時候，電話鈴響了。

These pills are the very thing for your cold.這些藥丸治你的感冒正合適。

(2)resistant to是形容詞短語，意為“對……有抵抗力的”或“耐……的”, 在句中做后置定語。例如：

A healthy diet creates a body(that is)resistant to disease.保健飲食有助于增強體內(nèi)對疾病的抵抗力。

We need building materials which are resistant to heat.我們需要耐熱的建筑材料。

(3)辨析：be harmful to, harm, do harm to, be bad for 這一組詞或短語都有“對……有害”的意思，其微細的區(qū)別應加以注意。① be harmful to = be bad for。強調(diào)的是狀態(tài)。例如：

The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to / bad for health.大多數(shù)醫(yī)生相信，吸煙有害于身體健康。

Sugars can be harmful to / bad for the teeth.糖可能會損害牙齒。

② harm是及物動詞，主要指對人身或健康的傷害，強調(diào)的是動作(過程)。例如：

I have never harmed anyone.我從沒傷害過任何人。Smoking harms our health.吸煙有害健康。

There was a fire in our street, but no one was harmed.我們街上發(fā)生了火災, 但無人受傷。

③ do harm to中的harm是不可數(shù)名詞，do harm to即可指對人身或健康的“傷害”，也可指對其他方面的“損害”，強調(diào)的是動作。例如：

Pollution does great the harm to the environment.污染對環(huán)境造成損害。

It’s unlikely to do much harm to the engine.這不大可能會嚴重損壞發(fā)動機。

The drought did a lot of harm to the crops.干旱給莊稼帶來許多危害。

④ be bad for除還有“對……有害”的意思外，還有“不利于“的意思。例如： People often think economic development is bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true.(page 23)人們常常認為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展對環(huán)境保護不利，但這個提法不一定正確。

Breathing in other people’s cigarette smoke is bad for / harmful to you(= has a harmful effect on your health).被動吸煙對你健康有害。

Often they do not realize that the choices they make are bad for / harmful to the environment.(page 58, lines 23-24)他們往往沒意識到自己所做的選擇對環(huán)境是有害的。

7.So far, research has been limited to increasing production profits, rather than ensuring safety.（page 57）到目前為止，研究一直局限于提高生產(chǎn)利潤，而不是確保安全性。limit的句型結(jié)構(gòu)

① limit vt.“限制、限定”，用名詞或代詞做賓語。例如： We must limit our expenses.我們必須限制我們的開支。

Having so little money to spend on an apartment does limit you in your choice.只有這么一點點錢用來租房的確限制了你的選擇。

② limit…to sth./doing sth.，意為“對……的限制”。例如：

They limit their food to bread and butter.他們的食物僅限于面包和黃油。

The teacher limited his students to 500 words for their compositions.老師要求學生寫500字以內(nèi)的作文。

She limited her job to looking after the child.她把她的工作限制在照看孩子上。

The teaching of history should not be limited to dates and figures.歷史教學不能只限于日期和數(shù)字。

8.We further damage Earth by constructing new water channels for shipping, building new factories and creating pollution with industrial waste.（page 58, lines 4—6）我們還修建新的水上通道，建造新工廠，用工業(yè)廢料制造污染，這些都是對地球更大的破壞。

(1)辨析：farther, further farther和further都是far的比較級，但在詞義和用法上有區(qū)別。

① farther可以做形容詞或副詞用，一般只用于表示距離的“較遠的/地、更遠的/地”= further。例如：

The farther hill is five kilometers away.那座更遠的小山在五公里以外。(adj.)I can throw the ball farther than you can.這個球我能比你扔得遠。(adv.)② further可以做形容詞或副詞用表距離時 = father，但further用作副詞可以用來強調(diào)程度，father則不能替代，其意為“更進一步、更深層、而且”等意思。例如：

The church is much further / father than you think.教堂比你想像的遠得多。(adj.)For some time I had wanted to move further / farther from London.(adv.)有一段時間我曾想要搬到離倫敦更遠的地方。

She refused to further talk of her own worry that evening.那天晚上她拒絕進一步說她的擔憂。

The house isn’t big enough for us, and further, it’s too far from the town.那住宅對我們來說不夠大, 而且離城又太遠。

The police decided to investigate further.警方?jīng)Q定更深入調(diào)查。

(2)construct vt.“建造、建設、構(gòu)成”, 其句型結(jié)構(gòu)有： ① construct sth.。例如：

They are constructing / building another bridge over the Xiangjiang River.他們正在湘江上修建另一座橋梁。

He has constructed a new theory.他建立了一種新理論。

② be constructed of sth./ be constructed out of sth.“用某材料建造”, 指狀態(tài)。例如：

The bridge was constructed of / made of stones.這座橋梁是用石頭建造的。

The house is constructed out of bricks.這棟房子是用磚頭建造的。

9.Would anyone say that economic development should be stopped in favour of nature?（page 58, lines 9—10）會有人說為了照顧自然就該停止經(jīng)濟發(fā)展嗎？

in favour of 是介詞短語，意思是“贊成……或“支持……”，在句中常做表語或定語。例如：

Personally speaking, I ’m in favour of the scheme.就本人而言，我贊同這個計劃。

Those in favour of this plan will have a meeting.那些贊成這個計劃的人會開一個會。

“in +名詞+ of”結(jié)構(gòu)的常用短語還有： in search of 尋找

in hope of 希望著 in want /need of 需要

in charge of 負責，掌管 in memory of 為了紀念……

in honor of 出于……的敬意；為紀念……

in control of控制,管理,掌握

10.Most of the time it turns out that humans are not really profiting when they damage the environment.（page 58, lines 29—30）多數(shù)情況下的結(jié)果就是，人類在破壞環(huán)境之際并沒有真正受益。turn out常用于兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)。

① It turns out that … “結(jié)果是……”;如果that從句中是一般過去時，可以表示“沒想到是……”，“原來卻是……”。例如：

It turns out that the method doesn’t work well.結(jié)果是這個方法不管用。

It turned out that his best friend was a thief.他最要好的朋友竟然是個小偷。

It turned out that the driver was just the boss.沒想到那司機居然就是老板。

It turned out that he was never there.原來他根本沒去過那兒。

② sth.turn out(to be)+ 接名詞或形容詞：結(jié)果是……；原來是……；證明是……；最后情況是……

It was cloudy this morning, but it turned out fine.早上多云，最后卻是晴天。

The job turned out to be beyond his rather limited abilities.這項工作證明超出了他那非常有限的能力。

He said he was a doctor;but later he turned out to be a cheat.他自稱是個醫(yī)生, 原來他是個騙子。

(2)profit 的用法

① 做名詞用，表示“好處、益處、利益”。例如： Small profits and quick returns.薄利多銷

The company started to show a profit in its first year.公司在第一年就開始贏利。

He’s only interested in making a quick profit.他只對盡快獲利感興趣。

②做動詞用，表示“贏利、獲利”。例如：

We will all profit by the experience.我們都將從這次經(jīng)驗中獲利。Not all children would profit from this kind of schooling.并非所有孩子都可從這種就學中得益。

It would profit us to change our plans.改變計劃對我們有好處。

11.It is mankind’s responsibilities to find solutions that are acceptable for everyone, and everything.(page 58, lines 32-33)找出對任何人、任何事物都可以接受的方案，是人類的責任。① 這是一強調(diào)句，強調(diào)部分是句子的主語mankind’s responsibilities to find solutions ② be acceptable for / to sb.可理解為“為……所接受、對……適合”。介詞for多用來指物，而to較為多見用來指人。例如：

Yogurt is a perfectly acceptable substitute for cream in cooking.酸奶是烹飪用的特別受歡迎的奶油替代品。

The plan is acceptable to both sides.這個方案雙方都可以接受。He tried to find a solution that was acceptable to everyone.他試圖找到一個大家都可以接受的解決辦法。

12.As you get more excited, you may off the point.（page 59）

你一變得激動，就有可能會跑題。go off有許多不同的意義。例如：

① 跑題、離題

The speaker has gone off the subject.講話人離題了。② 離開；消失

I’d better have waited till the rain went off.我當時要是等雨停再走就好了。

The headache went off quite suddenly.頭疼突然消失了。

She went off with the gardener's son.她跟園藝工人的兒子私奔了。③ 開始變壞；變質(zhì)；變差

Fish soon goes off in this hot weather.在這么熱的天氣里，魚很快會變質(zhì)。

The lecturer used to do well, but he seems to have gone off now.這個演講者以前講得很好, 但如今似乎變差了。④ 睡著

He has gone off by the fire.他靠著火爐睡著了。

課題實踐

How to write a formal letter 1.正式信函的寫作原則

由于電子郵件的普及，書信寫得越來越少，但一旦我們要寫，那一定是很重要的信件，比如說求職信、投訴信等。因此，我們要讓書信給讀者留下深刻印象，起到預期的作用。寫書信時我們要遵循下列原則： in the correct format 格式正確

short and to the point 簡短，切中要害 relevant 具有相關(guān)性

free of any grammatical or spelling mistakes 沒有語法和拼寫錯誤

polite, even if you’re complaining 有禮貌，哪怕是投訴信 well presented陳述恰當 2.正式信函的寫作格式要求

正式信函要求格式規(guī)范，要包含信件構(gòu)成的各個要素：

寫信人地址：在信的右上角

收信人地址：在信的左上角，接著寫信人地址下面寫。

日期：可在左邊，也可在右邊，月份不用縮寫

稱呼：用“Dear+姓”，不知道姓名時用Dear Sir或Dear Madam。不知道是Mrs 還是Miss時，可以使用Ms。

結(jié)尾：使用Yours Faithfully，Yours Sincerely結(jié)尾。

簽名：在左下方，與正方開頭對齊。商務信件中，須在簽名后列出自己所屬的公司，自己的職位及公司地址，電話簿。3.信的內(nèi)容

第一段簡要說明寫信的目的，是問詢、投訴還是請求等。

第二部分可以是一段，也可以是幾小段，是書信的主體內(nèi)容。英文信不宜過長，因此要

簡明扼要說明事情。要清晰、緊湊，邏輯性強。

最后一段正式書信中往往寫明你希望收信者采取什么行動。常用結(jié)束語有： Awaiting your good news.Looking forward to your early reply.Hoping to hear from you soon.We await your good news.I hope to hear from you very soon.We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.靜候佳音

I look forward to our next meeting in Los Angeles.期待我們下次在咯杉磯的會面。

Your early reply will go highly appreciated.急盼佳音。

We shall be pleased to send you what you wanted, 如果你需要些什么，我們會非常樂意給 你寄過去。

The help you give me is sincerely valued.你給我的幫助非常寶貴。

I hope everything will go well with you.我祝你萬事如意。

Please let us know if you want more information.如果需要更多的信息，請盡管通知我。

I hope you always enjoy yourself.我希望你永遠開心。

I wish you every success in the coming year.我祝你來年一切如愿。

Please remember me to your family.請代我向你的家人問好。All the best.祝你萬事如意。

With love and good wishes.給你最好的祝愿。

現(xiàn)在，假如你叫Louise Longford，是個健美教練，想要去一家叫做Fitness First的公司應聘，請給Mr G.Sands寫一封求職信。

首先確定信的格式；然后在第一段說明寫信的目的是應聘健美教練；中間段落列出自己的優(yōu)點，說明自己能勝任這份工作；最后一段寫出自己的希望。Louise Longford的求職信： 12, Kenmore Road Littletown LT12 9BH 1st December 2009

Mr G.Sands Fitness First Lake Road Littletown LT1 5MX

Dear Mr Sands

Re: Fitness Instructor FF/32

I am writing to apply for the job of Fitness Instructor, as advertised in Thursday's Courant.This is an ideal job for me given my enthusiasm for sport, my related experience and qualifications.Sport and fitness training have always been important to me, which is why I chose to take a BTEC Diploma in Sports Science.I obtained distinctions in the Sports Anatomy & Physiology and Sports Injuries modules last year and am confident that I will get similar marks in Exercise Physiology, Mechanics of Sport and Sports Supervision & Management this year.I am a confident user of Microsoft Office xp and have worked extensively with Fitness Publisher, a program for analysing fitness.As you can see from my CV, I've taken the opportunity to gain extra qualifications that were on offer at college, which has helped me get part-time work as a pool attendant.I'm called on to provide cover during busy times so am used to working irregular hours at short notice.I've also run a lunchtime aerobics class at college since the start of this year.I finish college in six weeks and am keen to find a job rather than carry on with further full-time study.I could start any part time work or training sooner as many of my classes are finishing and most of my assignments are done.I look forward to hearing from you.Yours sincerely，Louise Longford 書信寫完后，要根據(jù)上述原則進行檢查，以保證書信質(zhì)量。相信看過你寫的求職信，Mr Sands會很樂意招聘你。

課堂作業(yè)

Ⅰ.用每組所給單詞的適當形式完成隨后的句子。

1.over, for, up to, against, up, up, after, into 1)—Are you for or against this proposal? —I think the proposal is good.I’m for it.2)Class was over.The students went home.3)What are you after in life? 4)I hate hiking and I’m not into classical music.5)He is not up to his job.6)It is up to parents to teach their children manners.7)Time is up.2.end up, end up with, in the end, on end, put an end to 1)The meeting ended up with the singing of the International.2)I’m sure you’ll succeed in the end.3)How can we put an end to the arguing? 4)It made my hair stand on end.5)He started with the aim of doing harm to others only to end up by ruining himself.3.way, by the way, by way of, in a way, in no way, in the way, in this way, on the(或one’s)way, under way, all the way, the other way around, give way to 1)The barren land has given way to green vegetation.2)Do your work in the way I have shown you.3)Teaching in school can in no way be separated from practice.4)By the way, which train goes to Shanghai by way of Changsha? 5)On the/my way to the station ,I bought some food.6)A hurricane is on the/my way.The preparations against it are well under way.7)In a way , he has been very successful.8)I saved old envelops.In this way , I have collected a great many stamps.9)We flew all the way direct from Seattle to London.10)The eart

第四篇：高二英語必修五練習

Unit 1 Great scientists

一、單詞拼寫（須用本單元的單詞和詞匯）

1.This new e _______________for the car works well.2.The farmers in this area had a good harvest last year thanks to the s______________ farming.3.The doctor had my eyes e _____________for weakening.4.The meeting c________________ at eight o'clock.5.They were d _______________ in their attempt（企圖）to reach the top of the mountain.6.The little brave girl e _________________ the crime（罪行）of the criminal（罪犯）。

7.He was a____________________ in the book.8.He b ____________________ me for my negligence（疏忽大意）。

9.I think you are too s_________________ on the boy.10.He finished his work in a p__________________ way.11.We must try to a________________the causes of the strike.12.He became e__________________ about classical music.13.He has c____________________the whole job already.14.Be c_________________ when you cross the street.15.You should not r_________________ the invitation from your old friend.16.The class needs a s__________________ teacher.17.Kindness is one of the prime minister's c __________________.二、短語翻譯

1.提出

____________________

2.得出結(jié)論____________________

3.也，另外___________________

4.將……和……連接起來_____________

5.對……嚴格的____________________

6.有意義______________________

7.通向，導致___________________

8.繼續(xù)工作____________________

三、完成句子

1.除了這些理由以外，他無話可說了

______________ ___________these reasons，he said nothing.2.我們的英語老師對我們要求嚴格。

Our English teacher_____________ __________ ___________us.3.讓我們一起去聽來自北京大學的李教授的演講

Let's _________the lecture by professor Li from Beijing University.4.他的粗心大意的駕駛導致了這起嚴重的交通事故。

His careless driving _________ ____________the serious traffic accident.5.他捐贈食物和衣服給紅十字會。

He _____________food and clothing __________the Red Cross.Unit 2 The United Kingdom 詞匯專項練習

一、單詞拼寫（須用本單元的單詞和詞匯）

1.The common interests u_________________ the two countries.2.The class ___________________of（組成）56 members.3.Our class is d_______________ into two groups during the discussion.4.What he said in the meeting p______________________ all of us.5.The bad ______________（影響）of the flood is that no people are dared to swim in that river.6.The c_______________ of transportation in this area brings hope to this mountain village.7.Her beautiful singing drew the a_____________ of the professor.8.The film “Hero” has much a________________ for the youth.9.The habit of c____________________ stamps benefit him a lot.10.U______________ is a particular type of clothing worn by all the members of a group or organization such as the police，the army，etc.二、短語翻譯

1.將……分成_____________________

2.省去；漏掉_______________________

3.令人吃驚的是____________________

4.脫離_________________________

三、完成句子

1.If you continue working like that，your body will________ _______（垮下來）。

2.Their____________（婚禮）will__________ _____________（舉行）in May.3.這道數(shù)學題把小明給難住了，無論他怎么努力也無法計算出正確的答案。

This maths problem ___________Xiaoming.No matter how hard he tried，he couldn't _________ ___________ the right answer

4.陳水扁想把臺灣從中國分裂出去的企圖永遠不可能得逞。

Chen Shuibian's attempt to __________Taiwan ________ ___________China could not be achieved forever.5.未來，地鐵將會逐步取代公共汽車成為人們的主要交通工具。

The underground will_______ _______ _______ _______the bus to become the main vehicle for the people in the future.6.我們沒有必要再浪費時間討論去哪兒度假了，因為計劃已取消了。

There is ______ __________ that we'll waste time discussing where to go for our holiday，for the plan has been cancelled.7.很使我感到高興的是，父親給我買了一臺電腦作為生日禮物。

__________ to my joy，F(xiàn)ather bought me a computer _______ a birthday gift

8.托尼踢足球時，他的腿受傷了。

Tonny ________one of his legs _______when playing football.9.今天下午教室里竟然一個人也沒有，真是奇怪。

_______ _______ __________that there shouldn't have been any student in the classroom.Unit 3 Life in the future I.Vocabulary 1.Two men are a______________the police in their enquires.2.You will be r_______________to assist Mrs Smith in preparing a report.3.Take two of the t_________________three times daily before meals.4.Decide what you want to do, don?t just i________________ others.5.A new factory is to be l______________________ in the city center.6.His first speech as president made a strong i_________________ on his audience.7.Applicants for the job must have p________________ experience.8.He?s c_______________disturbing me.9.I r____________her how much the fare was.II.Useful Phrases 1.接受_______________________ 2.立刻，馬上__________________ 3.消失，看不見__________________ 4.打掃，橫掃___________________ 5.突然看見____________________ 6.有可能______________________ III.Complete the following sentences according to the texts.1.___________ ___________(擔心)the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.2.As a result, I ___________ ___________（遭受）“time lag”.3.This ___________ ___________ ___________(與…相似)the “jet lag” you get when flying.4.I found later that their leaves __________ the house __________（給…提供）much –needed oxygen.5.They are purple or blue and the colour changes ___________ ___________（取決于，依賴于）their mood.6.Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the ___________ ___________(缺乏)fresh air.Part 4 Multiple Choice 1.Soon we lost sight of that famous astronomer _________ himself LiQiang.A.called

B.calling C.to call D.call 2.______________ from the heart trouble for years, he has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A.Suffered B.Suffering

C.Having suffered D.Being suffered 3.Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to school.A.lacked

B lacking of

C.lack of D.lacking 4.One island and two lakes _______________ the country.A.make up B.makes up of C.is made up of D.consists of

5.___________ in her skirt, the little girl tried to make herself ___________ at the party.A.Dressed;notice B.Dressing;noticed C.Dressed;noticed D.Dressing;noticing

6.He is the only one of the students who _________________ a winner of scholarship for three years.A.is

B.are

C.have been

D.had been 7.She was glad to have a comfortable chair ________________.A.sit

B.to sit

C.sitting D.to sit in

8.The university wants its undergraduates to _______ a regional language, if time permits A.take up

B.take after

C.take on

D.take over 9.Generally speaking, when_______ according to the directions, the medicine has no side effect.A.taken

B.taking

C.to take

D.to be taken 10.Information has been published_______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.when 11.In the traffic accident, his father came close to________.A.be killed

B.being killed

C.kill

D.killing 12.There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A.making

B.to make

C.to have made

D.having made

Unit 4 Making the news 詞匯專項練習

一、單詞拼寫（須用本單元的單詞和詞匯）

1.After graduation he took an o______________ as a teacher in the city.2.An expert is a man who is engaged in p______________ business.3.All his c______________ who work with him in the same factory are all ready to help others.4.You should c_____________ on your work when you study.5.We also can a__________________ knowledge during playing.6.He hit me on the head with a ball d_____________ which made me very angry.7.He felt g________________ after he stole some money from the old couple.8.He worked as a e________________ in that newspaper.9.She graduated from English d__________________ of Beijing University.10.Don't just say almost，nearly……，what we need is a____________ number.11.Before marrying，they always made an a ___________ in that park.12.Her father will never a_____________of her marriage to you.二、短語翻譯

1.全神貫注于____________

2.因……指責或控告_____________

3.為了（做……）______________

4.依靠；依賴_________________________________________

5.傳遞______________________________________________

6.從事于____________________________________________

三、完成句子

1.They found that cave_________ _________（意外地, 偶然地）。

2.They are all________ ____________that idea（反對）。

3.You should concentrate yourselves on the class and avoid ________ ________.4.The famous professor has been __________ _________（指控）stealing his student's ideas and publishing them.5.What the government has done this year will be of________ _______（對… 有益）all the citizens living in Guangzhou.6.___________ had they got to the airport __________（一…就）the plane took off.Unit 5 First aid 詞匯專項練習

一、單詞拼寫（須用本單元的單詞和詞匯）

1.The lung is an o________________ and so is the heart.2.He tried to kill himself by taking p_________________.3.He has gone to the hospital for special t__________________.4.I was only m_______________ interested in the story I read in the newspaper.5.Her ankle s_____________ after the fall.6.Her foot was very s_________________ after the accident.7.I can't s______________________ toothpaste out of the tube.8.What is the typical s______________________ of SARS？

9.She is suffering from a lung i___________________.10.He p________ a silver cup to the winner.11.Did you attend your uncle's wedding c__________________.12.An a________________ is a vehicle for taking people to and from hospital.13.A b_______________ is a long strip of cloth which is covered around a wounded part of someone's body to protect or support it.14.The streets in the centre of the city were c__________up with traffic because of an accident.15.The storm did a lot of d______________ to the building and crops in Hunan province.二、短語翻譯

1.阻止（某人）做……___________________________

2.觸感________________________________

3.擠出；榨出____________________________

4.在適當?shù)奈恢胈_____________________________

5.反復，多次____________________________

6.開展，執(zhí)行___________________________________

7.找到___________________________________

8.許多，大量______________________________

9.自豪_________________________________

10.砍掉，砍伐____________________________

三、完成句子

1.He suddenly________ _________ __________ _______（昨晚他突然病了）。

2.Sunglasses can_______ ________ ________ _________ the sun' s rays（保護我們的眼睛免受……）。

3.You may __________ ______________（燙傷）by hot liquids.4.First degree burns __________ ___________when they are pressed（變成白色）。

參考答案1：

一、1.engine 2.character 3.scientific 4.examined 5.concluded

6.defended 7.exposed 8.absorbed 9.blamed 10.severe

11.positive 12.analyse 13.enthusiastic 14.completed 15.spin

16.cautious 17.reject 18.view 19.movement 20.strict 21.characteristics

22.concluded 23.expose 24.valuable 25.enthusiastic 26.defeat

27.absorbed 28.cures 29.virus 30.analyse

二、1.steam engine 2.put forward 3.draw a conclusion 4.in addiction

5.link…to

6.be strict with 7.make sense 8.lead to 9.point of view work on

三、1.Apart from 2.is strict with 3.attend 4.led to 5.contributed to 參考答案2：

一、1.united 2.consists 3.divided 4.puzzled 5.influence

6.convenience 7.attention 8.attraction 9.collecting 10.industrial

11.convenience 12.attraction 13.puzzle 14.uniform 15.suggestion

16.thrilled 17.splendid 18.debating 19.influence 20.construct

二、1.divide…into 2.The Union Jack 3.leave out

4.to one?s surprise 5.break away from

三、1.puzzle 2.project of protecting 3.arranging 4.break down

5.wedding take place 6.puzzle ； work out 7.which； tourist attraction

8.break away from 9.take the place of 10.are debating about

11.rising； setting 12.for the second time 13.looked around； putting

14.in sight 15.moved to； installed 16.no need； cancelled

17.referred to 18.Much； as 19.had hurt 20.It was strange Unit 3 Life in the future 參考答案3 Part 1

1.assisting

2.required

3.tablets

4.imitate

5.located

6.impression 7.previous

8.constantly

9.reminded Part 2

1.take up 2.in no time 3.lose sight of

4.sweep up 5.catch sight of 6.It is likely that Part 3

1.Worried about

2.suffered from

3.is similar to

4.provided;with 5.depending on

6.Confused;lack of Part 4 Multiple Choice 1-5 BCDAC 6-10 ADAAC 11-12 BB Unit 4參考答案4：

一、1.occupation 2.professional

3.colleague

4.concentrate 5.acquire

6.deliberately 7.guilty

8.editor

9.department 10.accurate

11.appointment

12.approve

二、1.Concentrate …on

2.accuse…of 3.so as to 4.depend on

5.pass on

6.work on

三、1.by accident/chance 2.opposite to 3.defend ； against

4.accused of 5.benefit to 6.Hardly； when

Unit 5

一、1.organ

2.poison

3.treatment

4.mildly

5.swelled

6.swollen

7.squeeze

8.symptom

9.infection 10.presented

11.ceremory 12.ambulance 13.bandage

14.choked 15.damage

二、1.prevent sb from doing sth 2.sense of touch 3.squeeze out 4.in place

5.over and over again 6.carry out 7.put one?s hands on

8.a number of 9.be proud of 10.cut off

三、1.fell ill last night 2.protect our eyes from

3.get burnt

4.turn white

第五篇：高二英語必修五單詞表

高二英語必修五單詞表 第一單元單詞： characteristic 特征；特性n.2 radium 鐳n.3 painter 畫家n.4 put forward 提出 5 scientific 科學的adj.6 conclude 結(jié)束；推斷出vt.&vi.7 conclusion 結(jié)論；結(jié)束n.8 draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論 9 analyse 分析vt.10 infect 傳染；感染vt.11 infectious 傳染的adj.12 cholera 霍亂n.13 defeat 打?。皇艽?；使戰(zhàn)勝vt.失敗n.14 expert 熟練的；經(jīng)驗或知識豐富的adj.專家；行家n.15 attend 照顧；護理；出席；參加vt.16 physician 醫(yī)生；內(nèi)科醫(yī)師n.17 expose 暴露；揭露；使曝光vt.18 expose…to 使顯露；暴露vt.19 deadly 致命的adj.20 cure 治愈；痊愈n.治愈；治療vt.21 outbreak 爆發(fā)；發(fā)作n.22 challenge 挑戰(zhàn)n.向……挑戰(zhàn)vt.23 victim 受害者n.24 absorb 吸收；吸引；使專心vt.25 suspect 懷疑vt.被懷疑者；嫌疑犯n.26 enquiry 詢問n.27 neighborhood 附近；鄰近n.28 severe 嚴重的；劇烈的；嚴厲的adj.29 clue 線索；提示n.30 pump 泵；抽水機n.（用泵）抽（水）vt.31 Cambridge street 劍橋大街 32 foresee 遇見，預知vt.33 investigate 調(diào)查vt.&vi.34 investigation 調(diào)查n.35 blame 責備；譴責vt.過失；責備n.36 pollute 污染；弄臟vt.37 handle 柄；把手n.處理；操縱vt.38 germ 微生物；細菌n.39 link 連接；聯(lián)系n.40 link...to...將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來 41 announce 宣布；通告vt.42 certainty 確信；確實n.43 instruct 命令；指示；教導vt.44 responsible 有責任的；負責的adj.45 construct 建設；修建vt.46 construction 建設；建筑物n.47 contribute 捐獻；貢獻；捐助vt.&vi.48 apart from 除……之外；此外 49 firework 煙火（燃放）n.50 chart 圖表n.51 creative 有創(chuàng)造力的；創(chuàng)造性的；獨創(chuàng)的adj.52 co-operative 合作的adj.53 positive 積極的；肯定的；確實的adj.54 be strict with...對……嚴格的

Nicolaus Copernicus 尼古拉.哥白尼（波蘭天文學家）56 revolutionary 革命的；重大變革的adj.57 movement 移動；運動；動作n.58 make sense 講得通；有意義

backward 向后的（地）；相反的（地）；退步的（地）adj.&adv.60 loop 圈；環(huán)n.61 privately 私下地；秘密地adv.62 spin（spun，spun）（使）旋轉(zhuǎn)；紡（線或紗）vt.&vi.63 brightness 明亮；亮度；聰穎n.64 enthusiastic 熱情的；熱心的adj.65 cautious 小心的；謹慎的adj.66 reject 拒絕；不接受；拋棄vt.67 universe 宇宙；世界n.第二單元單詞： unite 聯(lián)合；團結(jié)vi.&vt.2 kingdom 王國n.3 consist 組成；在于；一致vi.4 consist of 由……組成 London Heathrow Airport 倫敦希爾羅機場 6 province 省；行政區(qū)n.7 River Avon 埃文河 8 River Thames 泰晤士河 9 River Severn 塞文河 10 divide...into 把……分成 11 Wales 威爾士（英）12 Scotland 蘇格蘭（英）13 Northern 北愛爾蘭（英）14 clarify 澄清；闡明vt.15 accomplish 完成；達到；實現(xiàn)vt.16 conflict 矛盾；沖突n.17 unwilling 不愿意（的）；不樂意（的）adj.18 break away（from）掙脫（束縛）；脫離 19 union 聯(lián)合；聯(lián)盟；結(jié)合；協(xié)會n.20 the Union Jack 英國國旗 21 credit 信任；學分；贊揚；信貸n.22 to one's credit 為……帶來榮譽；值得贊揚；在……名下 23 currency 貨幣；通貨n.24 institution 制度；機制；公共機構(gòu)n.25 educational 教育的adj.26 convenience 便利；方便n.27 rough 粗糙的；粗暴的adj.28 roughly 粗略地；粗糙地adv.29 Midlands 英格蘭中部地區(qū) nationwide 全國性的；全國范圍的adj.31 attract 吸引；引起注意vt.32 historical 歷史（上）的；有關(guān)歷史的adj.33 architecture 建筑學；建筑藝術(shù)n.34 Roman（古）羅馬人n.（古）羅馬的adj.35 collection 收藏品；珍藏；收集n.36 administration 管理；行政部門n.37 port 港口（城市）n.38 Anglo-Saxon 盎格魯—撒克遜人n.盎格魯—撒克遜人的adj.39 Norman 諾曼人；諾曼語n.諾曼的；諾曼人（語）的adj.40 Viking 北歐海盜；斯堪的納維亞人n.41 countryside 鄉(xiāng)下；農(nóng)村n.42 enjoyable 令人愉快的；使人高興的adj.43 leave out 省去；遺漏；不考慮 44 opportunity 機會；時機n.45 description 描寫；描述n.46 furnished 配備好裝備的；帶家具的adj.47 fax 傳真（機）n.用傳真?zhèn)鬏敚ㄎ募﹙t.48 possibility 可能（性）n.49 plus 加上；和perp.加的；正的；零上的adj.50 quarrel 爭吵；爭論；吵架n.爭吵；吵架vi.51 alike 相同的；類似的adj.52 take the place of 代替

break down（機器）損壞；破壞 54 arrange 籌備；安排；整理vt.55 wedding 婚禮n.56 fold 折疊；對折vt.57 sightseeing 觀光；游覽n.58 delight 快樂；高興；喜悅n.使高興；使欣喜vt.59 royal 王室的；皇家的；高貴的adj.60 uniform 制服n.61 St Paul's Cathedral 圣保羅大教堂 62 splendid 壯麗的；輝煌的；極好的adj.63 Westminster Abbey 威斯敏斯特大教堂（英國名人墓地）64 statue 塑像；雕像n.65 Buckingham palace 白金漢宮 66 Greenwich 格林尼治（英城市）n.67 longitude 經(jīng)線；經(jīng)度n.68 imaginary 想象中的；假象的；虛構(gòu)的adj.69 navigation 導航；航行n.70 Highgate Cemetery 海格特墓地（英倫敦北郊，內(nèi)有馬克思及其家人的墳墓）71 communism 共產(chǎn)主義n.72 original 最初的；原始的；獨創(chuàng)的；新穎的adj.73 thrill 使激動；使膽戰(zhàn)心驚vt.74 pot 罐；壺n.75 error 錯誤；過失；謬誤n.76 tense 時態(tài)n.77 consistent 一致的adj.第三單元單詞： 1 aspect 方面；層面n.2 impression 印象；感想；印記n.3 take up 拿起；接受；開始；繼續(xù) 4 constant 時常發(fā)生的；連續(xù)不斷的adj.5 constantly 不斷地adv.6 jet 噴氣式飛機n.7 jet lag 飛行時差反應 8 flashback 閃回；倒敘n.9 previous 在前的；早先的adj.10 uncertain 不確切的；無把握的adj.11 guide 指導；向?qū)?；導游n.指引；指導vt.12 tablet 藥片n.13 expertise 專家意見；專門知識（技能等）n.14 capsule 太空艙；膠囊n.15 steward 乘務員；服務員n.16 stewardess 女乘務員n.17 opening（出入的）通道；開口；開端n.18 sideways 往（向、從）一側(cè)；側(cè)著；一面朝前adv.19 surrounding 周圍的事物；環(huán)境n.周圍的adj.20 tolerate 容忍；忍受vt.21 combination 結(jié)合；組合n.22 lack 缺乏；沒有vt.&vi.缺乏；短缺的東西n.23 adjustment 調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)n.24 mask 面具；面罩；偽裝n.25 be back on one's feet（困境后）恢復；完全復原 26 hover 盤旋vi.27 carriage 運輸工具；四輪馬車；客車n.28 press 按；壓；逼迫vt.&vi.按；壓；印刷；新聞n.29 fasten 系牢；扎牢vt.30 belt 腰帶；皮帶n.31 safety belt 安全帶 32 lose sight of...看不見…… 33 sweep up 打掃；橫掃

flash（使）閃光；（使）閃現(xiàn)vt.&vi.35 switch 開關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換n.轉(zhuǎn)換vt.36 timetable 時間表；時刻表n.37 exhausted 筋疲力盡的；疲倦不堪的adj.38 slide into（快捷而悄聲地）移動；溜進…… 39 optimistic 樂觀（主義）的adj.40 pessimistic 悲觀（主義）的adj.41 speed up 加速 42 pedal 踏板；腳蹬n.43 alien 外星人；外國人n.陌生的；外國的；外星球的adj.44 mud 泥（漿）n.45 desert 沙漠；荒原n.46 enormous 巨大的；龐大的adj.47 imitate 模仿；仿造vt.48 moveable 可移動的；活動的adj.49 citizen 公民；居民；市民n.50 typist 打字員n.51 typewriter 打字機n.52 postage 郵資n.53 postcode 郵政編碼n.54 button 紐扣,按鈕n.55 instant 瞬間；片刻n.立即的；立刻的adj.56 receiver 接收者；接收器；電話聽筒n.57 efficiency 效率；功效n.58 efficient 效率高的；有能力的adj.59 ribbon 絲帶；帶狀物n.60 dustbin 垃圾桶n.61 dispose 布置；安排vt.62 disposal 清除；處理n.63 ecology 生態(tài)；生態(tài)學n.64 greedy 貪吃的；貪婪的；貪心的adj.65 swallow 吞下；咽下vt.66 material 原料；材料n.67 recycle 回收利用；再利用vt.68 manufacture（用機器）大量生產(chǎn)；成批制造vt.69 goods 貨物n.70 etc 諸如此類；等等abbr.71 representative 代表；典型人物n.典型的；有代表性的adj.72 settlement 定居；解決n.73 motivation 動機n.第四單元： journalist 記者；新聞工作者n.2 involve 牽涉；涉及；包括；使參與（卷入）……vt.3 editor 編輯n.4 photograph 照片n.給……照相vt.5 photographer 攝影師n.6 photography 攝影n.7 unforgettable 難忘的；永遠記得的adj.8 assignment 任務；分配n.9 delighted 快樂的；欣喜的adj.10 admirable 值得贊揚的；令人欽佩的adj.11 unusual 不同尋常的；獨特的adj.12 assist 幫助；協(xié)助；援助vt.13 assistant 助手；助理；售貨員n.14 submit 遞交；呈遞（文件等）vt.15 profession 職業(yè)；專業(yè)n.16 professional 專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的adj.專業(yè)人員n.17 colleague 同事n.18 eager 渴望的；熱切的adj.19 concentrate 集中；聚集vt.20 concentrate on 集中；全神貫注于 21 amateur 業(yè)余愛好者n.22 update 更新；使現(xiàn)代化vt.23 acquire 獲??；取得；學到vt.24 assess 評估；評定vt.25 inform 告知；通知vt.26 deadline 最后期限n.27 interviewee 參加面試者；接受訪問者n.28 meanwhile 期間；同時adv.29 depend on 依靠；依賴 30 case 情況；病例；案例n.31 accuse 指責；譴責；控告n.32 accuse...of 因……指責或控告…… 33 accusation 指責；譴責；控告vt.34 deliberately 故意地adv.35 so as to(do sth)為了（做）…… 36 deny 否認；拒絕vt.37 sceptical 懷疑的（<美>skeptical）adj.38 guilty 犯罪的；有罪的；內(nèi)疚的adj.39 dilemma（進退兩難的）困境；窘境n.40 demand 需求；要求n.強烈要求vt.41 demanding 要求很高的；費力的adj.42 publish 出版；發(fā)行；發(fā)表；公布vt.43 scoop 搶先獲得的新聞、利潤等；勺子；鏟子n.44 section 部分；節(jié)n.45 concise 簡明的；簡練的adj.46 imaginative 富于想象力的adj.47 technically 技術(shù)上；工藝上adv.48 thorough 徹底的；詳盡的adj.49 gifted 有天賦的adj.50 idiomatic 慣用的；呵護語言習慣的adj.51 housewife 家庭主婦n.52 crime 罪行；犯罪n.53 edition 版（本）；版次n.54 ahead of 在……前面

department 部門；部；處；系n.56 accurate 精確的；正確的adj.57 senior 年長的；高年級的；高級的adj.58 polish 擦亮；磨光；潤色vt.59 chief 主要的；首席的adj.首領(lǐng)；長官n.60 approve 贊成；認可；批準vt.61 process 加工；處理vt.過程；程序；步驟n.62 negative 底片；否定n.否定的；消極的adj.63 appointment 約會；任命n.第五單元單詞： aid 幫助；援助；資助n.&vt.2 first aid（對傷患者的）急救 3 temporary 暫時的；臨時的adj.4 fall ill 生病 injury 損傷；傷害n.6 bleed（bled,bled）流血vt.&vi.7 nosebleed 鼻出血；流鼻血n.8 sprain 扭傷 9 sprained 扭傷的adj.10 ankle 踝（關(guān)節(jié)）n.11 choke（使）咽?。唬ㄊ梗┲舷t.&vi.12 cupboard 櫥柜；衣柜n.13 skin 皮；皮膚n.14 essential 最重要的；不可缺少的；本質(zhì)的adj.15 organ 器官n.16 layer 層；層次n.17 barrier 屏障；障礙（物）n.18 poison 毒藥；毒害n.毒害；使中毒vt.19 ray 光線；射線n.20 complex 復雜的adj.21 variety 變化；多樣（化）；多變（性）n.22 liquid 液體n.23 radiation 輻射；射線n.24 mild 輕微的；溫和的；溫柔的adj.25 mildly 輕微地；溫和地adv.26 pan平底鍋；盤子n.27 stove 爐子；火爐n.28 heal（使）康復；（使）化解vt.&vi.29 tissue（生物）組織；薄的織物；手巾紙n.30 electric shock 觸電；電休克

swell（swelled,swellen）（使）膨脹；隆起vt.&vi.32 swollen 腫脹的adj.33 blister 水泡n.（使）起泡vt.&vi.34 watery（似）水的adj.35 char 燒焦vi.36 nerve 神經(jīng)；膽量n.37 scissors 剪刀n.38 unbearable 難以忍受的；不能容忍的adj.39 basin 盆；盆地n.40 squeeze 榨；擠；壓榨vt.&vi.41 squeeze out 榨出；擠出 42 over and over again 反復；多次 43 bandage 繃帶n.44 in place 在適當?shù)奈恢?；適當 45 ointment 要高；油膏n.46 infection 傳染；傳染病；感染n.47 vital 至關(guān)重要的；生死攸關(guān)的adj.48 symptom 癥狀；征兆n.49 label 加標簽或標記；分類vt.標簽；標記n.50 kettle（水）壺；罐n.51 pour 倒；灌；注；涌vt.&vi.52 wrist 手腕n.53 damp 潮濕的adj.54 Casey 凱西（姓）55 sleeve 袖子n.56 blouse 女襯衫n.57 tight 牢的；緊的；緊密的adj.58 tightly 緊地；牢牢地adv.59 firm（動作）穩(wěn)定有力的；堅定的adj.60 firmly 堅固地；穩(wěn)定地adv.61 throat 咽喉；喉嚨n.62 Janson 詹森（姓）63 ceremony 典禮；儀式；禮節(jié)n.64 bravery 勇敢；勇氣n.65 Slade 斯萊德（姓）66 stab 刺；戳；刺傷vt.&vi.67 a number of 若干；許多 68 put one's hands of 找到

treat 治療；對待；款待vt.&vi.款待；對待n.70 apply 涂；敷；搽；應用；運用vt.申請；請求；使用；有效vi.71 pressure 壓力；積壓；壓迫（感）n.72 ambulance 救護車n.73 scheme 方案；計劃n.74 Southerton 薩瑟頓（姓）

make a difference 區(qū)別對待；有影響；其（重要）作用