第一篇：【托福寫(xiě)作素材】常用例證之名人事跡篇-笛卡爾(Descartes)

【托福寫(xiě)作素材】常用例證之名人事跡篇-笛卡爾(Descartes)

托福寫(xiě)作論證過(guò)程中我們往往需要舉例說(shuō)明一些問(wèn)題，但又苦于沒(méi)有合適的素材，尤其是關(guān)于有說(shuō)服力的名人事例。那么，在以下內(nèi)容中，我們就為大家整理一下關(guān)于名人的素材案例，希望能為大家的備考帶來(lái)幫助。

笛卡爾(Descartes)

參考事跡：法國(guó)著名哲學(xué)家，數(shù)學(xué)家，物理學(xué)家，同時(shí)對(duì)氣象，生物等學(xué)科都做出了許多研究，解析幾何的創(chuàng)立者。提出了”普遍懷疑” 原則，認(rèn)為要清除由傳統(tǒng)得來(lái)的偏見(jiàn)，其辦法就是懷疑。他說(shuō)：”要追求真理，我們必須在一生中盡可能地把所有事物都來(lái)懷疑一次.”

他認(rèn)為懷疑本身就是一種思想活動(dòng)，提出了”我思故我在”(I think, therefore I am)的著名公式。不過(guò)笛卡爾的懷疑是清除不確定東西的一種手段，和以懷疑為目的，根本不判斷的懷疑是不同的。

利用點(diǎn)：我思故我在(懷疑論精髓內(nèi)容)，挑戰(zhàn)權(quán)威等?！盨tudents should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study.They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively.” “The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority.” “To remain vigorous, any academic field needs to be led by truly independent thinkers who are willing to ignore established boundaries and challenge long-standing assumptions.”

第二篇：【托福寫(xiě)作素材】常用例證之名人事跡篇-瓦特 (Watt)

【托福寫(xiě)作素材】常用例證之名人事跡篇-瓦特(Watt)

托福寫(xiě)作論證過(guò)程中我們往往需要舉例說(shuō)明一些問(wèn)題，但又苦于沒(méi)有合適的素材，尤其是關(guān)于有說(shuō)服力的名人事例。那么，在以下內(nèi)容中，我們就為大家整理一下關(guān)于名人的素材案例，希望能為大家的備考帶來(lái)幫助。

瓦特(Watt)

British engineer and inventor who made fundamental improvements in the steam engine, resulting in the modern, high-pressure steam engine(patented 1769).瓦特，詹姆斯1736-1819英國(guó)工程師和發(fā)明家，他對(duì)蒸汽機(jī)做出了基礎(chǔ)性的改進(jìn)，使之發(fā)展成現(xiàn)代的高壓蒸汽機(jī)(1769年獲得專(zhuān)利)

參考事跡：提起瓦特，大家都可能認(rèn)為是蒸汽機(jī)的發(fā)明家，其實(shí)早在瓦特之前，已經(jīng)有比較粗糙的蒸汽機(jī)了，不過(guò)經(jīng)過(guò)瓦特的改造，效率大大提高，引發(fā)了人類(lèi)歷史上第一次技術(shù)革命，推動(dòng)了工業(yè)革命的運(yùn)行。因?yàn)檎羝麢C(jī)，瓦特從一個(gè)一貧如洗的窮小子成了名利雙收的人物，他在11年里就獲得了76,000 英鎊專(zhuān)利稅，為了保護(hù)自己的專(zhuān)利，他到晚年顯得非常不爽，經(jīng)常到法院起訴，阻止和壓制別人的發(fā)明，甚至不許自己的助手去試驗(yàn)用蒸汽發(fā)動(dòng)四輪車(chē)。這是一個(gè)科學(xué)家的悲劇，不過(guò)對(duì)GRE考生來(lái)說(shuō)是好事情，找著專(zhuān)家批了!

軼事：小時(shí)候看到一壺水開(kāi)了，蒸汽把壺蓋沖的撲撲跳，這種常人司空見(jiàn)慣的現(xiàn)象卻引起了小瓦特的濃厚興趣，目不轉(zhuǎn)睛的盯著水壺，忘了把它提下來(lái)，為此被大人說(shuō)成”懶孩子”

利用點(diǎn)：”The people who make important contributions to society are generally not those who develop their own new ideas, but those who are most gifted at perceiving and coordinating the talents and skills of others.” 以及所有專(zhuān)家，權(quán)威的話(huà)題。知道成功，不知道怎么利用成功?

第三篇：新托福寫(xiě)作素材：朋友篇

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在托福寫(xiě)作當(dāng)中，我們準(zhǔn)備的素材是可以直接應(yīng)用到我們的作文當(dāng)中去的。積累這些對(duì)大家的寫(xiě)作是很有幫助的。這里就為大家整理托福寫(xiě)作朋友篇素材，大家在托福備考的時(shí)候可以花一些時(shí)間來(lái)記一下哦。

People may differgreatly in their standards as to what is the most significant quality of a true friend.真正的好朋友的品質(zhì)是什么，人們的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也許因人而異。

A disingenuous lie will ruin one’s reputation and make one lose his or her close friends.一個(gè)虛偽的謊言會(huì)損害一個(gè)人的名譽(yù)，使人失去失去朋友。

多樣化寫(xiě)作，那托福寫(xiě)作滿(mǎn)分的八字箴言還記得嗎?親密的朋友用close friend，也可以用intimate friend還可以用bosom friend這時(shí)候可以翻譯為知己就這么記：close friends=bosom friends=intimate friends

造句：某人更有可能成為知己

sb are more likely to become bosom friends

當(dāng)然如果是志同道合的朋友，可以用like-minded friends也可以用congenial friends

再進(jìn)一步說(shuō)一生的朋友用lifelong friends

We may，sometimes，make a white lie to our friends out of the reason of benevolence.處于善意，有時(shí)候，我們也許會(huì)對(duì)朋友說(shuō)一些善意的謊言。

benevolence怎么記住呢?當(dāng)然用詞根詞綴法。bene(好)+vol(心

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to justify that……從我們的生活中，很容易找到很多的例子來(lái)證實(shí)……

If a friend falls into incurable illness，his friends of relatives,in most cases,will conceal the truth and comfort him that the chance of recovery is good.如果一個(gè)朋友得了難以治愈的疾病，其親人或者好友多數(shù)情況下會(huì)隱瞞病情，安慰朋友說(shuō)康復(fù)的機(jī)會(huì)是非常好的。

Virtually，this white lie could instill new hope and confidence into the patient’s heart.實(shí)際上，善意的謊言給患者的心中注入了希望和自信。

Although a white lie is unblamable,sincere friendship and harmonious relationship should be based on mutual trust.盡管善意的謊言是無(wú)可指責(zé)的，但是，真誠(chéng)的友誼以及和諧的關(guān)系應(yīng)該基于彼此的信賴(lài)。這里的unblamable是無(wú)可指責(zé)的

Well-intentioned lie is acceptable and understandable.善意的謊言是可以被接受的和理解的。

After all，honesty is the best policy.畢竟，證實(shí)為上策。

Frankly speaking out our inner thoughts could earn trust,respect and friendship.說(shuō)出我們的真實(shí)的想法可以贏得信賴(lài)，尊敬，友誼。

Sincerity is the most precious quality in many people’s heart of hearts.在很多人的心靈深處，真誠(chéng)是最重要的品質(zhì)。

In closing,I would like to re-affirm my conviction that……總之，我想重申我的立場(chǎng)……

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A good friend is someone you feel comfortable when you get together兩個(gè)在一起很舒服，才是好朋友。

There is nothing more joyful than enjoying the company of your close friends.沒(méi)有什么比享受知己陪伴更加快樂(lè)。

Birds of a feather flock together.物以類(lèi)聚人以群分。

People’s expectations differ greatly in choosing friends.人們對(duì)于朋友的期待是不同的。

One of the best ways to keep friends is to mutually return the other in the same way.最好的維系友情的方式之一就是禮尚往來(lái)。mutually return the other in the same way就是禮尚往來(lái)

Two people could become close friends even if one is financially richer.兩人可以成為好友，即使他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)背景不同。

one is financially richer=one enjoys a superior economic position一個(gè)人更加富有

Even though financial differences might，sometimes，bring about some tension or uneasiness between two friends.即使經(jīng)濟(jì)的差異，有時(shí)候，會(huì)帶來(lái)朋友之間的一些緊張和不舒服。

A sincere friendship cannot be undermined by factors such as money and social position.金錢(qián)和社會(huì)地位破壞不了真的友誼。undermine是暗中破

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5句句子翻譯練習(xí)答案：

Many friends are various，some have deep pocket，some come from humble background，Some are similar to me，earning a living as a teacher，reading and writing，contented with such a simple life.The solid foundation of our friendship can be attributed to like-mindedness，pleasant communication，mutual assistance or the willing to share hardships.Possessing the same amount of wealth is never the criteria of choosing friends for me and many of my friends.Two children can become good friends because they are mutually attracted by the personal strength finding in the partner,even though they have different family and economic background.Materialistic pleasure is usually short-lived，thing of great value can never be bought or measured by money，such as true love or sincere friendship.The willingness to go through thick and thin is what keeps friendship going permanently.適用主題：It is impossible to be completely honest with your friend all the time.一個(gè)人不可能永遠(yuǎn)對(duì)于朋友誠(chéng)實(shí)(2011年12月17日托?？碱})

適用主題：Two people can become good friends even if one of them has more money than the other.兩個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)不同的人可以成為好友，是否認(rèn)同?(2012年02月25日托?？碱})

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