第一篇：2、陜西西安華清池導(dǎo)游詞

陜西西安華清池導(dǎo)游詞

各位游客大家好：

您可知道“天下溫泉二千六，惟有華清為第一” 的華清池嗎？華清池已有6000年溫泉利用史和皇家園林史，相傳2700年前，周幽王曾在此修建了“驪宮”，秦始皇建了“驪山湯”，到漢武帝時(shí)建“漢離宮”，到了唐代，唐玄宗在此興建規(guī)模宏大的華清宮，出現(xiàn)了“高高驪山上有宮，朱樓紫殿三四重”的壯觀景象。而現(xiàn)在的華清池是在清代建筑的基礎(chǔ)上多次修繕、擴(kuò)建的，規(guī)模僅是唐華清宮的十分之一。而它位于距西安30公里處的臨潼區(qū)，東與秦始皇兵馬桶相毗鄰，南依驪山，北臨渭水。而我們面前所看到的山便是驪山。而關(guān)于驪山的得名有兩種說(shuō)法：一說(shuō)其滿山松柏，青翠欲滴，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)望去，就像是一匹青蒼色的駿馬，故名驪山。一說(shuō)這里曾是古麗戎國(guó)所在地，所以叫驪山。而驪山自然景觀秀麗多姿，“入目晴霞紅一片，尚疑烽火自西來(lái)”就是著名的關(guān)中八景之一-驪山晚照。驪山之上建有老君殿、老母殿、烽火臺(tái)等，烽火臺(tái)是“周幽王烽火戲諸侯”之處。而半山腰處有一亭叫“兵諫亭”，是西安事變是蔣介石被捉的地方。從兵諫亭上行，就是長(zhǎng)生殿遺址了，“七月七日長(zhǎng)生殿，夜半無(wú)人私語(yǔ)時(shí)”這是唐玄宗與楊貴妃對(duì)天盟誓之地。

楊貴妃

各位游客，現(xiàn)在我們進(jìn)入華清池的大門(mén)，只見(jiàn)湖中央有一尊雕塑。不用問(wèn)，這就是此處的主人公楊貴妃了。此時(shí)此刻，她脫下外裝，半披俗紗，足踩暖滑的驪山溫泉水，正準(zhǔn)備沐浴。說(shuō)起楊貴妃，楊貴妃名叫楊玉環(huán)，出生在陜西華陰，17歲便長(zhǎng)得如花似玉、美若天仙。公元735年，她被唐玄宗冊(cè)封為他的兒子壽王李瑁的妃子。5年后，由于唐玄宗的愛(ài)妃武惠妃病逝，后宮三千粉黛無(wú)竟一人令唐玄宗中意，而此時(shí)，楊玉環(huán)進(jìn)入到他的視線，于是他下令在溫泉宮召見(jiàn)楊玉環(huán)，這樣便拉開(kāi)了唐玄宗與楊玉環(huán)愛(ài)情的序幕。公元745年，楊玉環(huán)被冊(cè)封為貴妃，從此，唐玄宗對(duì)楊貴妃的寵愛(ài)成為千古絕唱，甚至于兩人終日廝守，置其他嬪妃于不顧。真可謂“后宮佳麗三千人，三千寵愛(ài)在一身”。直到安史之亂，唐玄宗偕楊貴妃逃至馬嵬坡前，將士相逼，玄宗不得不賜死楊貴妃，其時(shí)楊貴妃才38歲。據(jù)史載，天寶年間，也就是公元742年至756年的14年間，唐玄宗偕楊貴妃駕臨華清宮達(dá)43次之多，可見(jiàn)華清池的出名和唐玄宗、楊貴妃的“長(zhǎng)恨歌”有千絲萬(wàn)縷的關(guān)系。九龍宮—飛霜殿

各位游客，現(xiàn)在映入我們眼前的這個(gè)湖叫九龍湖，此湖分成上下兩個(gè)湖，中間有九龍長(zhǎng)堤?hào)|西橫貫。堤上東為晨旭亭，西為晚霞亭，與上湖南岸的龍吟謝相映成趣。堤壁間已有八龍吐水，與謝下伸一大龍頭合為九龍之?dāng)?shù)，以體現(xiàn)九五至尊。

亭亭玉立在湖岸四周的那一片飛檐翹角、紅墻綠瓦的唐式建筑就是唐玄宗和楊貴妃的愛(ài)巢寢殿——飛霜殿。唐玄宗每年十月至年底，都偕楊貴妃沐浴華清池，他們就住在這座充滿神秘色彩的飛霜殿中。“飛霜”則是取每逢冬天雪花紛飛時(shí)獨(dú)有此殿前落雪為霜之意。

蓮花湯—海棠湯—星辰湯—太子湯—尚食場(chǎng)

下面展現(xiàn)在我們面前的這座仿唐建筑便是1990年建成開(kāi)放的御湯遺址博物館，這也是我國(guó)唯一的一座湯池博物館。里面保存著5座從地下挖掘出來(lái)的大小不一的古浴池。

我們現(xiàn)在看到的是蓮花湯，又叫御湯九龍殿。是專(zhuān)門(mén)供唐玄宗李隆基沐浴的。蓮花池東西長(zhǎng)10.6米，南北寬6米。分為上下兩個(gè)平面，上平面四角有一定的曲線變化，呈一個(gè)寫(xiě)實(shí)的蓮花狀：這個(gè)湯池下面是八邊形，八邊形體現(xiàn)八個(gè)方位，取“普天之下，莫非王土”之意。

下來(lái)呈現(xiàn)在大家眼前的是1000多年前遺留下來(lái)的一座無(wú)與倫比的浴池。它可不是普普通通的浴池，而是唐玄宗送給楊貴妃的一件珍貴禮物。浴池被設(shè)計(jì)成一朵正在慢慢盛開(kāi)的海棠，那6片綻放的花瓣輕輕地?fù)砻廊擞谝怀?，我們?cè)賮?lái)看浴池的用料。浴池東西長(zhǎng)3.6米，南北寬2.9米，池壁由青石拼砌而成。這種青石磨時(shí)稱(chēng)墨石，其最大優(yōu)點(diǎn)是美觀，還有防滑作用。浴池分上下兩層，是臺(tái)式結(jié)構(gòu)。上層可扶可坐，共由18組券石組成。

浴池的整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)可謂用。心良苦，設(shè)計(jì)精到。你們看池中間有個(gè)進(jìn)水口，出土?xí)r有個(gè)漢白玉雕刻的蓮花底座。底座上邊接有蓮花噴頭，下邊接通陶水管，與泉水總源相通。水從蓮花噴頭噴出，飛珠走玉，水霧漫起?？梢韵胂螽?dāng)楊貴妃沐浴時(shí)，不就是白居易《長(zhǎng)恨歌》里的“待兒扶起嬌無(wú)力，始是新承恩澤時(shí)”哪番動(dòng)人情景嗎？但真正證明這是唐玄宗贈(zèng)送的愛(ài)情禮物的是池中間的一塊條石。這條石是貴妃沐浴時(shí)所用，大家可以清楚地看到上面刻著一個(gè)“楊”字。

星辰湯是供唐太宗李世民沐浴的湯池，比貴妃池要早100多年，也是我國(guó)目前發(fā)現(xiàn)的最大的御用湯池。星辰湯離水源最近，水質(zhì)最好，水流量最大，而且沒(méi)有管道，水直接涌進(jìn)湯池。并且星辰湯為一個(gè)露天湯池，晚上可看到星辰，別有一番情趣。

太子湯的沐浴者，顧名思義就是東宮的皇太子。沐浴的皇太子有李承乾、李治、李弘、李賢、李旦、李隆基等，而太子湯采用“星辰湯”排水道供水，既擺正了皇帝與皇太子之間的尊卑關(guān)系，又解決了禮制犯忌的問(wèn)題，寓意著來(lái)自“星辰湯”的溫泉能使皇太子常沐父皇恩澤。在西南角有座小殿宇名叫尚食湯，是供尚食局官員和其他官員沐浴用的池子，規(guī)模小于太子湯，但考慮到多人沐浴，故建有多個(gè)進(jìn)池口。

各位游客，參觀完5座珍貴的古湯池，大家肯定十分好奇驪山溫泉的水是從何而來(lái)的？我們眼前的這座拱形的建筑便是溫泉池的總源。我國(guó)有溫泉2700多處，是世界上溫泉最多的國(guó)家之一。而華清池的驪山溫泉因開(kāi)發(fā)利用早，并且受歷代帝王親睞而名冠諸泉之首，享有“天下第一御泉”的美稱(chēng)。溫泉，大多含有對(duì)人體有益的礦物質(zhì)和微量元素。沐浴溫泉，不僅可以消除疲勞，還具有治療多種疾病的功效。驪山溫泉水溫常年在43℃，水質(zhì)純凈，具有醫(yī)療價(jià)值的礦物質(zhì)和微量元素的含量較高。根據(jù)科學(xué)檢測(cè)，驪山溫泉水質(zhì)屬低礦化、弱堿性、中等放射性泉水，這些均達(dá)到了醫(yī)療用水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，故有“自然之經(jīng)方，天地之元醫(yī)”的美稱(chēng)

下面，我們參觀的是華清池的東區(qū)一南北部，叫作環(huán)園。大家已經(jīng)看到了一字排開(kāi)的8問(wèn)清代建筑的廳房。再分一下，東邊有3間，叫桐蔭軒，也叫三門(mén)廳。而西邊那5間就是蔣介石當(dāng)年住的五間廳。著名的西安事變就發(fā)生在這小小的五間廳中。

這五間廳可謂來(lái)歷不淺。八國(guó)聯(lián)軍進(jìn)攻北京時(shí)，慈禧西逃時(shí)就住過(guò)這里； 1936年10月、12月蔣介石兩次到陜西來(lái)，都以華清池為“行轅”，就住在五門(mén)廳。他在這里策劃高級(jí)軍事會(huì)議，推行“攘外必先安內(nèi)”的政策，因而引起張學(xué)良、楊虎城的強(qiáng)烈不滿，導(dǎo)致了門(mén)月12日凌晨6時(shí)的震驚中外的西安事變。

今天，當(dāng)游客們來(lái)到這里，自然會(huì)重溫60多年前的一幕。各門(mén)辦公室使用的桌子、椅子、床、沙發(fā)、茶具、火爐、地毯、電話等均按原貌復(fù)制擺放。游客們?nèi)匀荒芸吹疆?dāng)年激戰(zhàn)時(shí)在玻璃上留下的子彈孔和蔣介石從這里翻窗逃出后躲到驪山上的痕跡。

昔日的皇家園林、天子御湯，今日成了民眾的游覽勝地。大家可華清池風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)細(xì)細(xì)體味歷史的余味。

我的講解到此結(jié)束，謝謝！

第二篇：陜西西安華清池英文導(dǎo)游詞

Huaqingpoolissituatedabout35kilometreseastofthecityofXi’an.Historically,theWesternZhoudynastysawtheconstructionoftheLipalaceonthespot.IntheQindynastyapoolwasbuiltwithstones,andwasgiventhenameLishanTang(theLishanHotSpring).ThesitewasextendedintoapalaceintheHandynasty,andrenamedtheLipalace(theResortpalace).IntheTangdynasty,LiShimin(EmperorTaiZong)orderedtoconstructtheHotSpringpalace,andEmperorXuanZonghadawalledpalacebuiltaroundLishanMountainintheyearof747.ItwasknownastheHuaqingpalace.ItalsohadthenameHuaqingpoolonaccountofitslocationonthehotsprings.HuaqingpoolislocatedatthefootoftheLishanMountain,abranchrangeoftheQinlingRanges,andstands1,256metreshigh.Itiscoveredwithpinesandcypresses,lookingverymuchlikealikeadarkgreengallopinghorsefromalongdistance.SoithasthenameoftheLishanMountain(Limeansablackhorse).TheTangdynastyEmperorXuanZongandhisfavouritelady,YangGuiFeiusedtomaketheirhomeatFrostDriftingHallinwinterdays.Whenwintercame,snowflakeswerefloatingintheair,andeverythinginsightwaswhite.However,theycameintothawimmediatelyinfrontofthehall.Itowedagreatdealtothelukewarmvapourrisingoutofthehotspring.ThisistheFrostDriftingHallthatgreetsustoday.北京長(zhǎng)城英文導(dǎo)游詞 ·岳陽(yáng)樓英文導(dǎo)游辭 ·重慶英文導(dǎo)游詞 ·西藏英文導(dǎo)游詞

ClosebytheFrostDriftingHallliestheNineDragonpool.Accordingtolegend,theCentralShaanxiplainwasoncestrickenbyaseveredroughtintheveryremotepast.Thus,bytheorderoftheJadeEmperor(theSupremeDeityofHeaven),anolddragoncameattheheadofeightyoungones,andmaderainhere.Yetwhenthedisasterwasjustabating,theyloweredtheirguardsomuchthatitbecameseriousagain.Inafitofanger,theJadeEmperorkepttheyoungdragonsundertheJadeCauseWay(玉堤),withtheMorningGlowpavilionandtheSunsetpavilionbuiltatbothendsofitrespectively,tomaketheyoungdragonsspoutcleatwateralldaylongtomeettheneedsoflocalirrigation.Besides,hehadtheolddragonconfinedtothebottomoftheRoaringDragonWatersidepavilionsituatedattheupperendoftheJadeCauseway,andobligedhimtoexercisecontrolovertheyoung.TheNine-BendCorridorwestoftheNineDragonpoolleadsdirectlytotheMarbleBoat,whichresemblesadragonboatonthewatersurface.IntheMarbleBoatliestheNineDragonTang(theNineDragonHotSpringwhereEmperorXuanZongusedtotakebaths).Attheheadofhiscourtladiesandhundredsofhisofficials,hewouldcometotheHuanqingpalacetospendhiswinterdaysinOctoberoftheLunarcalendarandreturntoChang’anCityastheyeardrewtoitsclose.TheNineDragonHotSpringwasoriginallybuiltwithcrystaljade,whosesurfacewasdecoratedwiththecarvingsoffish,dragons,birdsandflowers.Inittwinlotusflowersalsocarvedwithwhitejadecouldbeseenaswell.Thespringwaterwelledfromthebreakofanearthenjar,andspouteduptothelotusflowers.HencethenameLotusFlowerTang(theLotusFlowerHotSpring).TheGuiFeiBathingpoolwaswhereYangGuiFei,EmperorXuanZong’sfavoritelady,usedtotakebath.Itwasoriginallybuiltwithwhitejade,andinitscenterabloomingflowerspoutedwaterlikeaspring.ThepoollookedverymuchlikeaChinesefloweringcrabapple;HenceitsnametheChineseFloweringCrabappleHotSpringortheLotusHotSpring..LadyYangusedtomakeastayinthispaviliontoseesightsortoairherhairafterabath.Therefore,itwasnamedtheHairAiringpavilion.Whetherthesunwasrisingorsetting,thepavilionwasaglowwithsunshine;hencethenametheFlyingRoseatepavilion.SouthwestoftheGuiFeiBathingpoolstandsabrick-builtpavilion.OnitsheadthreebigChinesecharacters“XiJiaLou”(FineSunset-Bathedpavilion)areinscribedaccordingtothemodelofthemostcelebratedaccordingtothemodelofthemostcelebratedChinesecalligrapher,YuYouRen,hereisthesourceofthespringwater.Atthisspatherearefourhotsprings.Theyhaveanhourlyflowof112tons,andaconstanttemperatureof43°C.Thespringwatercontainslime,sodiumcarbonate,sodiumsulphateandotherminerals,whichmakesitsuitableforbathingandconsiderabletreatmentofquiteafewdiseasessuchasdermatosis,rheumatism,arthritisandmuscularpain.TheFineSunset-Bathedpavilionmarksthefirstsourceofthespringwater,whichwasdiscoveredsome3,000yearsago,roughlyintheWesternZhouDynasty.Itswaterflowaverages25tonsperhour.Takeupthestepseastofthesourceofhotsprings,youwillgraduallyseetheFive-RoompavilionwhereChiangKaishekmadeatemporarystayduringtheXi’anIncident.TheXi’anIncidenttookplaceonDecember12,1936,anditisalsoknownastheDoubleTwelfthIncident.AftertheIncidentofSeptember18,1936,theJapaneseimperialistsseizedthethreeprovincesnortheastofChina,andintensifiedtheirinvasionofNorthChina.ThiswastheverymomentvitaltotheChinesenation.YetChiangKaichekpersisteddoggedlyincarryingouthisreactionarypolicy“domestictranquilityisamustfortheresistanceagainstJapaneseinvades,”andcommandedtheNortheastArmyandNorthwestArmy,respectivelyheadedbyZhangXueliangandYangHucheng,toattacktheShaanxi-Gansu-NingxiaBorderRegion.Inspiredbyourparty’spolicy“l(fā)etusstoptheinternalwarandunittoresisttheJapaneseaggressors,”thosetwogeneralsmadetoChiangKaishektheproposalofformingaunitedfrontwiththeCommunistpartyfortheresistance.Notonlydidherejecttheproposal,butflewtoXi’antoschemethe“suppressionoftheCommunistparty.”Andtheslaughterofthepatrioticyouth.Outofpatriotism,ZhangandYangstartedthefamousXi’anIncident.VeryearlyonthemorningofDecember12,1936theIncidentwasimpending.ZhangXueliang,togetherwithYangHuchengorderedasquadofbodyguardstosurroundtheHuaqingpool.Theyfoughtafiercebattlethere,andwipedoutChiang’sbodyguardsinonevigorouseffort.ThesoundoffiringcametoChiangKaishek,andhewassoterrifiedthathecreptoutofthewindowwithhisnightgownandslippersonly.What’smore,hehurthisspinalbone,andlostoneofhisslipperswhilecrossingoverthebackwall.HestaggeredupLishanMountain,andhidhimselfbehindastoneinthecrevicehalfwayonit.ThosebravesoldiersbegantosearchthemountainimmediatelywhentheyrushedintotheFive-RoompaviliontofindthatChiang’shatandclotheswerestillthereandthathisquiltremainedwarm.IntheendtheyfoundChiangKaishek,andthusescortedhimtoXi’an.InordertoavoidacivilwarandtrytestablishanationalunitedfrontfortheresistanceagainstJapan,MaoZedongonbehalfoftheC.C.p.C.insistedonapeacefulsettlementoftheIncident.Therefore,adelegationheadedbyZhouEnlaiwassenttoXi’an.ZhouEnlaiandhissuitedidalargeamountofworkthere,tookeverythingpossibleintoconsideration,andultimatelyforcedChiangKaishektoaccepttheproposalbyhistwogenerals.OnDecember25,Chiangwasfreed,andflewbacktoNanjing.TheXi’anIncidentwassopeacefullysettled.ThepeacefulsettlementoftheIncidentputanendtotheinternalwarwhichhadlastedfortenyears,andacceleratedtheformationanddevelopmentofthenationalunitedfrontfortheanti-Japanesedrive.Moreover,itshowedthattheco-operativerelationshipsbetweentheCommunistandNationalistsarrivedatanewstage.ItmarkedagreatturningpointinmodernChinesehistory.Intheyearof1946theKMTgovernmenthada“NationalRejuvenationpavilion”builtnearthecrevicewhereChiangKaishekhadhiddenhimselfintheIncident.Itwasalsocalled“VitalEnergypavilion”.Afterthenationalliberationitwasrenamed“CatchingChiangpavilion”.ClosebythepavilionstandsawoodenboardwhichcarriesabriefintroductiontotheXi’anIncident.Ironchainsandringsinthecreviceseastofthepavilion,bywhichvisitorscanclimbuptotakealookatChiangKaishek’sshelter.UpthewindingpatheastoftheFive-Room-pavilionyouwillcatchsightofabridge-likeconstruction.Itshinesregularlywithamyriadofeveningsunraysbothinsummerandautumn,andlooksverymuchlikerainbow.SoithasthenameoftheHoveringRainbowBridge.LocatedontheXixiuRidge(theWestEmbroideryRidge)oftheLishanMountain,theremainsofthebeacontoweroftheWesternZhouDynastyseemeasytoidentify.Thebeacontowerwasmostlybuiltatthetopofthemountaintogiveborderalarminancienttimes.Itwasconstantlyunderspecialcontrol.Oncetheenemieswerepressingontowardstheborder,thebeacontowerbegantotakeeffect:itwasmadetosmokeinthedaytimewhilesetonfireatnight.ThestorygoesthatBaoSi,QueenoftheWesternZhoudynastywashighlyhonored,yetshenevercrackedasmile.KingYoutriedmanywaystoputasmileonherface,buthefailedoverandoveragain.He“calledhiscourtbandtotollbellsandbeatgongs”,andshepulledalongface.Thenthebandwereaskedto“playthebamboofluteandstrings”andsheremaineddispleased.Afterwards,“maidsofhonourservedwine,festivelysinginganddancing,”andshedidnotletoutasmileatall.“Youdon’tlikemusic!Whatonearthareyoufondof?”theKingasked.

第三篇：陜西西安華清池英文導(dǎo)游詞

陜西西安華清池英文導(dǎo)游詞

Huaqing Pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of

Xi’an.Historically, the Western Zhou dynasty saw the construction

of the Li Palace on the spot.In the Qin dynasty a pool was built

with stones, and was given the name Lishan Tang(the Lishan Hot

Spring).The site was extended into a palace in the Han dynasty, and

renamed the Li Palace(the Resort Palace).In the Tang dynasty, Li

Shimin(Emperor Tai Zong)ordered to construct the Hot Spring

Palace, and Emperor Xuan Zong had a walled palace built around

Lishan Mountain in the year of 747.It was known as the Huaqing

Palace.It also had the name Huaqing Pool on account of its location

on the hot springs.Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of the Lishan Mountain, a

branch range of the Qinling Ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high.It

is covered with pines and cypresses, looking very much like a like a

dark green galloping horse from a long distance.So it has the name

of the Lishan Mountain(Li means a black horse).The Tang dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong and his favourite lady, Yang

Gui Fei used to make their home at Frost Drifting Hall in winter

days.When winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and

everything in sight was white.However, they came into thaw

immediately in front of the hall.It owed a great deal to the luke

warm vapour rising out of the hot spring.This is the Frost Drifting

Hall that greets us today.Close by the Frost Drifting Hall lies the Nine Dragon Pool.According to legend, the Central Shaanxi Plain was once stricken by

a severe drought in the very remote past.Thus, by the order of the

Jade Emperor(the Supreme Deity of Heaven), an old dragon came at

the head of eight young ones, and made rain here.Yet when the

disaster was just abating, they lowered their guard so much that it

became serious again.In a fit of anger, the Jade Emperor kept the

young dragons under the Jade Cause Way(玉堤), with the Morning Glow

Pavilion and the Sunset Pavilion built at both ends of it

respectively, to make the young dragons spout cleat water all day

long to meet the needs of local irrigation.Besides, he had the old

dragon confined to the bottom of the Roaring Dragon Waterside

Pavilion situated at the upper end of the Jade Causeway, and obliged

him to exercise control over the young.The Nine-Bend Corridor west of the Nine Dragon Pool leads directly

to the Marble Boat, which resembles a dragon boat on the water

surface.In the Marble Boat lies the Nine Dragon Tang(the Nine

Dragon Hot Spring where Emperor Xuan Zong used to take baths).At

the head of his court ladies and hundreds of his officials, he would

come to the Huanqing Palace to spend his winter days in October of

the Lunar calendar and return to Chang’an City as the year drew to

its close.The Nine Dragon Hot Spring was originally built with

crystal jade, whose surface was decorated with the carvings of fish，dragons, birds and flowers.In it twin lotus flowers also carved

with white jade could be seen as well.The spring water welled from

the break of an earthen jar, and spouted up to the lotus flowers.Hence the name Lotus Flower Tang(the Lotus Flower Hot Spring).The Gui Fei Bathing Pool was where Yang Gui Fei, Emperor Xuan

Zong’s favorite lady, used to take bath.It was originally built

with white jade, and in its center a blooming flower spouted water

like a spring.The pool looked very much like a Chinese flowering

crabapple;Hence its name the Chinese Flowering Crabapple Hot Spring

or the Lotus Hot Spring..Lady Yang used to make a stay in this pavilion to see sights or to

air her hair after a bath.Therefore, it was named the Hair Airing

Pavilion.Whether the sun was rising or setting, the pavilion was

aglow with sunshine;hence the name the Flying Roseate Pavilion.Southwest of the Gui Fei Bathing Pool stands a brick-built

pavilion.On its head three big Chinese characters “Xi Jia Lou”

(Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion)are inscribed according to the model of

the most celebrated according to the model of the most celebrated

Chinese calligrapher, Yu You Ren, here is the source of the spring

water.At this spa there are four hot springs.They have an hourly flow

of 112 tons, and a constant temperature of 43°C.The spring water

contains lime, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate and other minerals，which makes it suitable for bathing and considerable treatment of

quite a few diseases such as dermatosis, rheumatism, arthritis and

muscular pain.The Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion marks the first

source of the spring water, which was discovered some 3,000 years

ago, roughly in the Western Zhou Dynasty.Its water flow averages 25

tons per hour.Take up the steps east of the source of hot springs, you will

gradually see the Five-Room Pavilion where Chiang Kaishek made a

temporary stay during the Xi’an Incident.The Xi’an Incident took place on December 12, 1936, and it is also

known as the Double Twelfth Incident.After the Incident of

September 18, 1936, the Japanese imperialists seized the three

provinces northeast of China, and intensified their invasion of

North China.This was the very moment vital to the Chinese nation.Yet Chiang Kaichek persisted doggedly in carrying out his

reactionary policy “domestic tranquility is a must for the

resistance against Japanese invades,” and commanded the Northeast

Army and Northwest Army, respectively headed by Zhang Xueliang and

Yang Hucheng, to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.Inspired by our Party’s policy “l(fā)et us stop the internal war and

unit to resist the Japanese aggressors,” those two generals made to

Chiang Kaishek the proposal of forming a united front with the

Communist Party for the resistance.Not only did he reject the

proposal, but flew to Xi’an to scheme the “suppression of the

Communist Party.” And the slaughter of the patriotic youth.Out of

patriotism, Zhang and Yang started the famous Xi’an Incident.Very early on the morning of December 12, 1936 the Incident was

impending.Zhang Xueliang, together with Yang Hucheng ordered a

squad of bodyguards to surround the Huaqing Pool.They fought a

fierce battle there, and wiped out Chiang’s bodyguards in one

vigorous effort.The sound of firing came to Chiang Kaishek, and he

was so terrified that he crept out of the window with his nightgown

and slippers only.What’s more, he hurt his spinal bone, and lost

one of his slippers while crossing over the back wall.He staggered

up Lishan Mountain, and hid himself behind a stone in the crevice

halfway on it.Those brave soldiers began to search the mountain

immediately when they rushed into the Five-Room Pavilion to find

that Chiang’s hat and clothes were still there and that his quilt

remained warm.In the end they found Chiang Kaishek, and thus

escorted him to Xi’an.In order to avoid a civil war and try t establish a national

united front for the resistance against Japan, Mao Zedong on behalf

of the C.C.P.C.insisted on a peaceful settlement of the Incident.Therefore, a delegation headed by Zhou Enlai was sent to Xi’an.Zhou

Enlai and his suite did a large amount of work there, took

everything possible into consideration, and ultimately forced Chiang

Kaishek to accept the proposal by his two generals.On December 25，Chiang was freed, and flew back to Nanjing.The Xi’an Incident was

so peacefully settled.The peaceful settlement of the Incident put an end to the internal

war which had lasted for ten years, and accelerated the formation

and development of the national united front for the anti-Japanese

drive.Moreover, it showed that the co-operative relationships

between the Communist and Nationalists arrived at a new stage.It

marked a great turning point in modern Chinese history.In the year of 1946 the KMT government had a “National

Rejuvenation Pavilion” built near the crevice where Chiang Kaishek

had hidden himself in the Incident.It was also called “Vital Energy

Pavilion”.After the national liberation it was renamed “Catching

Chiang Pavilion”.Close by the pavilion stands a wooden board which

carries a brief introduction to the Xi’an Incident.Iron chains and

rings in the crevices east of the pavilion, by which visitors can

climb up to take a look at Chiang Kaishek’s shelter.Up the winding path east of the Five-Room-Pavilion you will catch

sight of a bridge-like construction.It shines regularly with a

myriad of evening sun rays both in summer and autumn, and looks very

much like rainbow.So it has the name of the Hovering Rainbow Bridge.Located on the Xixiu Ridge(the West Embroidery Ridge)of the

Lishan Mountain, the remains of the beacon tower of the Western Zhou

Dynasty seem easy to identify.The beacon tower was mostly built at the top of the mountain to

give border alarm in ancient times.It was constantly under special

control.Once the enemies were pressing on towards the border, the

beacon tower began to take effect: it was made to smoke in the

daytime while set on fire at night.The story goes that Bao Si, Queen of the Western Zhou dynasty was

highly honored, yet she never cracked a smile.King You tried many

ways to put a smile on her face, but he failed over and over again.He “called his court band to toll bells and beat gongs”, and she

pulled a long face.Then the band were asked to “play the bamboo

flute and strings” and she remained displeased.Afterwards, “maids

of honour served wine, festively singing and dancing,” and she did

not let out a smile at all.“You don’t like music!What on earth are you fond of?” the King

asked.“I nearly have a liking for nothing.But I can still well remember

I liked to give ear to the sound of tearing a piece of coloured silk

when I was a child.It was clear anf melodious,” she replied.King

You said in excitement, “That is very simple.How come you didn’t

let me know it earlier?”

Thus he ordered the officially appointed property manager to offer

coloured silk, and made fresh and energetic maids of honour to tear

it into pieces.Hundreds of bolts of coloured silk were utterly

torn, but Bao Si remained unmoved.“Why didn’t you let out a single smile then?” he asked.“I have never smiled so far, ” the Queen replied.The King tried over and over again, but failed repeatedly, and in

the end he gave orders, “Anyone both in and out of court who can

amuse Bao Si will be awarded one thousand pieces of gold.”

Afterwards Guo Shifu, a treacherous court official came and

offered advice: “Set the beacon tower on fire and fool your

sovereign rulers.” That night the King and Queen reached the Lishan

Mountain by carriage, and gave the order.In the split second the

flames of the fire lit up the sky ad the sovereign rulers moved

their troops immediately to the Lishan Mountain.There they found

nothing but that the King and Queen enjoyed drinking festively.The

King then dispatched his bodyguard to inform them that “Everything

should have been all right.I have just been joking with you.” When

they got this, they looked at each other in blank dismay, and left

disappointed.Sure enough, Bao Si burst into laughter, stroking her

hands when she noticed all the troops come in vain and go noisily.Accordingly, Guo Shifu got a prize of one thousand pieces of gold.Later on King You did so more often than not.In 771 B.C.Quan Rong

(a then minority tribe)staged an armed rebellion against the

Western Zhou Dynasty.King You ordered urgently to set the beacon

tower on fire, but all the sovereign rulers remained unmoved.Consequently King Yu was killed, and Bao Si was taken away.The

Western Zhou dynasty vanished.Herein come the Chinese idiom “A

single smile costs one thousand pieces of gold” and “The sovereign

rulers are fooled by the beacon fire."

第四篇：西安華清池導(dǎo)游詞

西安華清池導(dǎo)游詞

范文一

各位朋友：

大家好。歡迎來(lái)華清池參觀，我是導(dǎo)游--，很高興能為大家服務(wù)。華清池是我省僅有的三處五A級(jí)景區(qū)之一，曾是皇家園林，這里山美、水美，美女楊玉環(huán)與唐玄宗流傳了千年的愛(ài)情故事更美。

游覽之前我先給大家簡(jiǎn)介一下華清池。

華清池，位于陜西省臨潼區(qū)驪山北麓華清宮的故址，西距西安30公里，東與秦始皇兵馬桶相毗鄰，南依驪山，北臨渭水。大家請(qǐng)看前方山巒，由于從遠(yuǎn)處看，尤如一匹青蒼色的駿馬，因此得名驪山。周幽王峰火戲諸侯，褒姒一笑值千金的典故就出自這里。每當(dāng)夕陽(yáng)西下，驪山在斜陽(yáng)的影子中，好像披上了艷麗的紅裝。入暮晴霞紅一片，疑是烽火自西來(lái)，令人誤以為當(dāng)年烽火還在燃燒，故有驪山晚照之稱(chēng)，是關(guān)中八景之一。

華清池是歷代帝王游幸之地，相傳周幽王曾在這里修建驪宮。秦始皇時(shí)，以石筑室為宇，改名‘驪山湯’。漢武帝時(shí)，在秦湯基礎(chǔ)上休修葺擴(kuò)建為離宮。隋文帝重加修飾，列植松柏?cái)?shù)千株。唐太宗詔令在這里營(yíng)建宮殿樓閣，取名湯泉宮，后高宗改名溫泉宮。唐玄宗時(shí)再次擴(kuò)建，并正式定名華清宮。今天的華清池是在清代基礎(chǔ)上經(jīng)多次修繕擴(kuò)建及發(fā)掘復(fù)原唐遺址后形成的，占地85560平方米，但也僅為唐華清宮的十分之一，分為東區(qū)、中區(qū)和西區(qū)。

好了，各位游客，現(xiàn)在我們一邊一向前走一欣賞。我們面前的這片碧波蕩漾的水面叫做九龍湖，有5300平方米。何以九龍為名呢?其實(shí)這個(gè)湖分成上下兩池，中有九龍長(zhǎng)堤?hào)|西橫貫。堤壁間有八龍吐水，與大龍頭合為九龍之?dāng)?shù)，體現(xiàn)了皇帝的九五之尊。長(zhǎng)堤西邊有座龍石舫，用小石拱橋相連，形似渡口。兩只龍頭高高揚(yáng)起，猶如一座華麗的龍舟，正欲破浪前行。與其相連的是九曲回廊，好像龍身。九龍池的北岸，是九龍宮的主體建筑飛霜殿。殿前各有一對(duì)石獅和石牛。登上飛霜殿的回廊，東西眺望沉香殿、宜春殿，更覺(jué)飛霜殿的回廊富麗堂皇，端莊大度。此殿因相傳為唐玄宗和楊貴妃的寢殿而建。當(dāng)冬天雪花飛舞時(shí)，獨(dú)此殿前雪為霜，故名飛霜殿?，F(xiàn)在呢，這里已經(jīng)成為了貴賓接待廳和休息室。在飛霜殿的背面墻上還有一副壁畫(huà)——《楊玉環(huán)奉詔溫泉宮》，描繪的是公元二十八年十月的一個(gè)夜晚，玄宗第一次召見(jiàn)楊玉環(huán)的場(chǎng)面。

說(shuō)到這里呢，大家就會(huì)想到唐玄宗與楊玉環(huán)的帶有悲劇色彩的愛(ài)情故事。楊貴妃，原名楊玉環(huán)，出生在陜西華陰，17歲便長(zhǎng)得如花似玉、美若天仙。公元735年，她被唐玄宗冊(cè)封為他的兒子壽王李瑁的妃子。5年后，由于唐玄宗的愛(ài)妃武惠妃病逝，后宮三千粉黛無(wú)一人令唐玄宗中意，他便下令在溫泉宮召見(jiàn)楊玉環(huán)，這樣便拉開(kāi)了唐玄宗與楊玉環(huán)的愛(ài)情羅曼史的序幕。公元745年，唐玄宗將楊玉環(huán)為貴妃，當(dāng)時(shí)玄宗已經(jīng)61歲，而貴妃才27歲，冊(cè)封后的第二年，在擴(kuò)建溫泉宮時(shí)，專(zhuān)為楊貴妃修建了海棠湯，真可謂后宮佳麗三千人，三千寵愛(ài)在一身。在驪山的長(zhǎng)生殿里，農(nóng)歷七月七日兩人發(fā)下了在天愿作比翼鳥(niǎo)，在地愿為連理枝的愛(ài)情誓言，直到安史之亂，玄宗攜楊貴妃逃至馬嵬坡前，將士相逼，玄宗才不得不賜死楊貴妃，當(dāng)時(shí)，貴妃年僅38歲。據(jù)史載，天寶年間，也就是公元742年至756年的14年間，唐玄宗偕楊貴妃駕臨華清宮達(dá)43次之多，可見(jiàn)華清池的出名和唐玄宗、楊貴妃的長(zhǎng)恨歌有千絲萬(wàn)縷的關(guān)系。

剛才我們提到了，唐玄宗和楊貴妃每年秋冬來(lái)到華清池，是為了享受溫泉沐浴的。那么，我們現(xiàn)在就去看看一千多年前的皇家浴池吧。

唐華清宮背靠驪山，面向渭水，倚驪峰山勢(shì)構(gòu)筑，規(guī)模宏大，建筑壯麗，樓臺(tái)宮殿，遍布驪山上下。正如白居易詩(shī)中所說(shuō)：高高驪山上有宮，朱樓紫殿三四重。唐華清宮充分利用有利地形，構(gòu)筑成一個(gè)龐大的宮殿建筑群，主要殿舍以溫泉為中心。這里保存著5座從地下挖掘出來(lái)的大小不一的古浴池。

首先，我們進(jìn)入的是海棠湯。此湯因平面像一朵盛開(kāi)的海棠花而得名，又稱(chēng)貴妃湯，是專(zhuān)供楊貴妃沐浴的。該池東西長(zhǎng)3.6米，南北寬2.9米，池壁由墨玉青石拼砌而成，湯池分上下兩層，為臺(tái)式結(jié)構(gòu)，上層可扶可坐。整個(gè)湯池既體現(xiàn)了對(duì)稱(chēng)、協(xié)調(diào)、平衡的傳統(tǒng)美學(xué)思想，又符合人體行為科學(xué)。在池子的中間，是一個(gè)進(jìn)水口，出土?xí)r有一個(gè)漢白玉雕刻的蓮花底座，這蓮花底座，上面接有蓮花噴頭，下面接通陶水管，與溫泉水相通，因自然壓力使泉水從噴頭中噴出，這與今天的沐浴可謂是大徑相同。貴妃就在此沐浴了近八個(gè)春秋，白居易《長(zhǎng)恨歌》中這樣寫(xiě)道：春寒賜浴華清池，溫泉水滑洗凝脂，侍兒扶起嬌無(wú)力，始是新承恩澤時(shí)，就形象的描繪了貴妃出浴時(shí)的柔媚風(fēng)姿。

接下來(lái)我們進(jìn)入的是蓮花湯，又名御湯九龍殿，它是唐玄宗李隆基的御用湯池。湯池下面為八邊形，東西長(zhǎng)10.6米，南北寬6米，池中有兩個(gè)進(jìn)水孔，并安有雙蓮花底座，它充分顯示了皇權(quán)的至高無(wú)上和唯我獨(dú)尊的威勢(shì)。據(jù)《明皇雜錄》記載，安祿山為取悅唐玄宗，命人用范陽(yáng)上等白玉雕刻成魚(yú)、龍、飛雁以及雙蓮底座放于池中，供玄宗使用，可是有一次，玄宗剛下水，隨著水波的浮動(dòng)，覺(jué)得池中的雕像仿佛活了一般，著實(shí)把玄宗嚇了一跳，于是一怒之下，命人重新打磨砌器，唯獨(dú)留下了這雙蓮花底座。

現(xiàn)在我們進(jìn)入的是星辰湯，這個(gè)湯池是專(zhuān)供唐太宗李世民沐浴的。據(jù)考證，該池下面還有西周和秦的湯池遺址，原來(lái)早在三千年前的西周就已經(jīng)在這里修池沐浴了，只是沒(méi)有修建殿宇，晚上人們?cè)谶@里沐浴，可以仰望天上的星辰，所以取名星辰湯。當(dāng)然，這只是名字由來(lái)的其中一個(gè)說(shuō)法，還有其他的說(shuō)法，在此我就不一一列舉了。西南角的這座小殿宇名叫尚食湯，是供尚食局的官員沐浴的池子。而在南北兩排殿宇間的空曠處，還夾有一個(gè)用石欄圍住的用青磚石鋪砌的長(zhǎng)方形浴池，它是供太子沐浴的太子湯。

華清池不僅在中國(guó)古代史上享有盛名，中國(guó)近代史上震驚中外的西安事變也發(fā)生在這里。我們現(xiàn)在就來(lái)看一看西安事變的舊址——環(huán)園。

1936年12月12日，國(guó)民黨愛(ài)國(guó)將領(lǐng)張學(xué)良、楊虎城發(fā)動(dòng)了西安事變，也叫雙十二事變。蔣介石被迫接受停戰(zhàn)議和、聯(lián)共抗日、釋放政治犯等條件。張學(xué)良、楊虎城兩將軍發(fā)動(dòng)的西安事變以及中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨促成的這次事變的和平解決，對(duì)推動(dòng)國(guó)共再次合作、團(tuán)結(jié)抗日，起了重大的歷史作用。

現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)大家隨我繼續(xù)前行，下面我們將要參觀的是五間廳，它是西安事變的重要遺址。大家請(qǐng)看，這一字排開(kāi)的八間房，西邊的這五間叫做五間廳，而東邊的拿三間叫做三間廳，這些都是清代建筑。八國(guó)聯(lián)軍進(jìn)攻北京時(shí)，慈禧太后西逃至此，曾住在這里。1936年10月12月，蔣介石先后兩次到陜西來(lái)，都住在五間廳，并在五間廳內(nèi)召見(jiàn)張學(xué)良和楊虎城兩位將軍，要求張、楊二人消滅陜北紅軍，以實(shí)施其攘外必先安內(nèi)的剿共計(jì)劃。然而，張、楊兩位將軍在全國(guó)一致要求抗日的呼聲下，默契合作，與12月12日發(fā)動(dòng)兵諫，扣押了蔣介石。當(dāng)日凌晨6時(shí)，一聲嘹亮的槍響劃破了沉寂的夜空，蔣介石急忙從窗后翻出，逃至了驪山山腰間的一個(gè)石縫里，也就是今天的兵諫亭那里，后被張楊二人的士兵抓獲，為了避免內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，聯(lián)合抗日，中共中央主張和平解決西安事變，并應(yīng)張楊兩位將軍電請(qǐng)，派周恩來(lái)率中央代表團(tuán)前往西安，終于使蔣介石接受了張楊的聯(lián)共抗日主張。西安事變的和平解決，促進(jìn)了抗日民族統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線的形成和發(fā)展，開(kāi)始了國(guó)共合作的新時(shí)期。

西安事變是中國(guó)近代史上的一個(gè)重要轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。這座高4米，寬2.5米的石亭，建于1946年3月，由胡宗南發(fā)起，黃埔軍校七分校全體士官募捐而成，當(dāng)時(shí)名曰民族復(fù)興亭、正氣亭;解放后，該亭更名為捉蔣亭;1986年12月在紀(jì)念西安事變50周年前夕，再次易名為兵諫亭。

好了，今天我們?nèi)A清池景區(qū)的講解就到這里了，謝謝大家!

范文二

華清池亦名華清宮，位于西安城東，驪山北麓，距歷史文化名城西安30公里，自古就是游覽沐浴勝地，是全國(guó)第一批重點(diǎn)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)，1997年國(guó)務(wù)院公布華清宮遺址為全國(guó)第四批重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。緊依京城的地理位置，猗旎秀美的驪山風(fēng)光，自然造化的天然溫泉，吸引了在陜西建都的歷代天子。周、秦、漢、隋、唐等歷代封建統(tǒng)治者都將這塊風(fēng)水寶地作為他們的行宮別苑。圍繞朝代的興亡更替，華清池的盛衰變遷，文人墨客尋古覓幽，感嘆詠懷，創(chuàng)作了;等無(wú)數(shù)流傳千古、膾炙人口的詩(shī)詞歌賦，成為我國(guó)古代文化遺產(chǎn)的重要組成部分。華清池的悠久歷史能夠追溯到原始社會(huì)。早在六千年前的氏族社會(huì)，那里就有原始先民活動(dòng)的足跡，他們是驪山溫泉最早的利用者。西周末期周幽王就在今華清池所在地修建驪宮;千古一帝秦始皇于此砌石起宇名曰驪山湯;漢武帝時(shí)，在秦湯基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行修葺;北周武帝造皇堂石井;隋文帝開(kāi)皇三年(公元583年)重加修飾，為美化環(huán)境而列松柏?cái)?shù)千株，以點(diǎn)綴溫湯風(fēng)景。貞觀十八年(公元644年)唐太宗李世民營(yíng)建湯泉宮，竣工以后太宗率文武百官臨幸新宮，親筆御書(shū)《溫泉銘》，兵名石匠樂(lè)石制碑拓印以示群臣。唐玄宗開(kāi)元、天寶年間及經(jīng)擴(kuò)建，公元747年10月新宮落成，易名華清宮

。高高驪山上有宮，朱樓紫殿三四重，宮城倚山面渭，依驪山山勢(shì)而筑，以朝元閣所在的西繡嶺第三峰和溫泉總源為軸線，以總源為軸心向四周輻射展開(kāi)，既合理地利用了溫泉，又體現(xiàn)了皇宮嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)牟季?。宮周筑羅城，修登山輦道和通往長(zhǎng)安的復(fù)道，內(nèi)置白官衙署和宮清腹地、卿府第。長(zhǎng)安回望繡城堆，山頂千門(mén)次第開(kāi)至此，華清池到達(dá)了它的歷史鼎盛時(shí)期。華清池是以唐玄宗與楊貴妃的感情羅曼史而著稱(chēng)的。帝輦恒從十月來(lái)，羽騎云游應(yīng)山綠，據(jù)記載，從公元745年至755年的每年10月，唐玄宗都要偕貴妃和親信大臣來(lái)華清宮避寒，直至翌年暮春才回到京師長(zhǎng)安。其間處理朝政、商議國(guó)事、接見(jiàn)外使都要在那里進(jìn)行，華清宮逐漸成為當(dāng)時(shí)的政治中心。漁陽(yáng)輦鼓動(dòng)起來(lái)，驚破霓裳羽衣曲，天寶十四載(公元755年)發(fā)生安史之亂，玄宗棄京師急攜楊貴妃姐妹西逃，至此，華清宮由盛轉(zhuǎn)衰。五代殘?zhí)埔院?，隨著政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)中心的轉(zhuǎn)移，華清池失去了他的特殊地位。

華清池在中國(guó)現(xiàn)代革命史上也有重要的地位，1936年12月12日，震驚中外的西安事變就發(fā)生在此，華清池內(nèi)至今仍完的保留著當(dāng)年蔣介石行轅舊址棗五間廳。建國(guó)以后經(jīng)過(guò)幾次大規(guī)模的修葺、擴(kuò)建，古老的華清池又煥發(fā)出青春的光彩，雖不及唐時(shí)規(guī)模宏大，但也不亞昔日之富麗典雅。1959年，著名文學(xué)家郭沫若在此參觀時(shí)就欣然提筆寫(xiě)下了華清池水色清蒼，此日規(guī)模越盛唐。不僅僅宮池依舊制，而今庶民盡天王。

第五篇：西安華清池導(dǎo)游詞

華清池導(dǎo)游詞

華清池位于西安以東三十公里臨潼區(qū)驪山北麓，以溫泉著稱(chēng)。從西周以來(lái)，歷朝歷代建都于西安地區(qū)的封建帝王圍繞溫泉修建了大量的離宮別院，從周代的驪宮，秦代的驪山湯，到西漢的離宮，再至唐貞觀年間的溫泉宮，再至玄宗的華清宮，在給今人留下了豐富的文化遺存的同時(shí)，他們驕奢淫逸的生活、悲歡離合的遭遇，也給歷代的文人墨客留下了豐富的創(chuàng)作題材。

驪山溫泉有四個(gè)出水口，每小時(shí)流量112噸。因?yàn)樗畞?lái)自1000多米的地下，因此常年保持43℃的水溫，適于沐浴，更由于溫泉水中含有豐富的礦物元素，沐浴于驪山溫泉之中，對(duì)于皮膚病、神經(jīng)疼痛、風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎都有很好的療效。華清池園內(nèi)現(xiàn)在仍有浴池供游人沐浴。

進(jìn)入華清池西花園，首先映入眼簾的是一組繞九龍湖而建的仿古建筑，建成于二十世紀(jì)五十年代，主建筑在池水以北，仿照當(dāng)年唐玄宗李隆基和愛(ài)妃楊玉環(huán)的寢殿，起名飛霜殿。兩側(cè)有配殿，對(duì)面隔池相望有短堤一道，兩端分別有晨旭亭和晚霞亭，堤下八只小龍頭和堤后龍吟榭下一只老龍頭口吐泉水，符和唐玄宗九龍湯故事。飛霜殿北的院墻上有巨幅白色大理石蝕刻畫(huà)《楊玉環(huán)奉詔溫泉宮》，描繪的是開(kāi)元二十八年（公元730年）十一月李隆基召見(jiàn)時(shí)為壽王妃的楊玉環(huán)的夜宴盛況。畫(huà)中李隆基、楊玉環(huán)、高力士、眾嬪妃、侍女及梨園弟子共五十三個(gè)人物栩栩如生。

從飛霜殿前南望，是驪山西繡嶺，嶺上綠樹(shù)成蔭，是國(guó)家森林公園，嶺西有索道可直達(dá)山頂，山頂有烽火臺(tái)。我國(guó)歷史上著名的“烽火戲諸侯”的故事便發(fā)生在這里。烽火臺(tái)是我國(guó)古代的一種報(bào)警系統(tǒng)，用白天燃煙，夜晚舉火的方法，一站一站地傳遞緊急信息?；囊鶡o(wú)道的周幽王沉湎于酒色之中，今陜南漢中褒河流域有美女褒姒為贖父罪被進(jìn)獻(xiàn)給幽王，褒姒遠(yuǎn)離故土，身居幽宮，終日不笑，幽王百般無(wú)奈，曾懸賞千金，博愛(ài)妃一笑，他最終采納了佞臣虢石父的建議，在驪山之巔舉烽火而戲諸侯，接到假情報(bào)的遠(yuǎn)近諸侯按照事先約定，立即調(diào)兵遣將，前來(lái)救駕，來(lái)到驪山腳下，才知是一場(chǎng)游戲。這一場(chǎng)調(diào)動(dòng)千軍萬(wàn)馬的玩笑雖然博得了褒姒一笑，但不久之后，公元前775年，幽王后宮的廢立糾紛終于導(dǎo)致申侯聯(lián)合犬戎來(lái)犯，鎬京危急，幽王攜褒姒逃至驪山，命舉烽火告急，各路諸侯無(wú)一兵一卒來(lái)救，幽王被殺，褒姒被擄，西周滅亡。歷史上把這一段概括為“千金買(mǎi)一笑”，“一笑失天下”。

驪山嶺上還有老母殿和老君殿，分別是崇奉女?huà)z娘娘和太上老君的廟宇。其中老君殿曾出土一尊石制老君坐像，相傳為西域藝術(shù)家元伽兒所刻

，現(xiàn)存西安碑林博物館。

由九龍湖東南角前行，可到唐華清宮御湯博物館，這一組唐代湯池遺址發(fā)現(xiàn)于1982年，經(jīng)過(guò)五年的考古發(fā)掘，參考史料記載，基本可以認(rèn)定是歷史上的“星辰湯”、“蓮花湯”、“海棠湯”、“太子湯”和“尚食湯”?！靶浅綔睘樘铺趯?zhuān)用的浴池，因無(wú)頂蓋，晚間沐浴時(shí)能看見(jiàn)星辰而得名?！疤訙鳖櫭剂x為太子沐浴場(chǎng)所，“尚食湯”為尚食局（御廚）的官員們所用，而唐玄宗李隆基為自己所建的“蓮花湯”和為貴妃楊玉環(huán)所建的“海棠湯”則包含了兩人傳誦千年的愛(ài)情故事。

楊玉環(huán)祖籍弘農(nóng)（今華陰），原為李隆基第十八子壽王李瑁的王妃，開(kāi)元二十八年（公元730年），李隆基在高力士的慫恿下，詔其在驪山溫泉宮見(jiàn)駕，賜為女道士號(hào)太真，將其納入后宮，一時(shí)間，“三千寵愛(ài)在一身”，后封為貴妃。每到冬季，李隆基都攜貴妃前來(lái)華清宮避寒，唐代詩(shī)人白居易在《長(zhǎng)恨歌》中所描寫(xiě)的“春寒賜浴華清池，溫泉水滑洗凝脂。侍兒扶起嬌無(wú)力，始是新承恩澤時(shí)?！北闶撬麄儺?dāng)時(shí)的生活寫(xiě)照。楊玉環(huán)的親屬們也紛紛取得朝中要職，她的堂兄楊國(guó)忠更是身居相位。天寶十四年（公元755年）范陽(yáng)節(jié)度使安祿山以討伐權(quán)相楊國(guó)忠為名起兵造反，次年攻陷長(zhǎng)安，李隆基率眾西逃，逃至今興平縣馬嵬坡，六軍不發(fā)，護(hù)衛(wèi)部隊(duì)殺死楊國(guó)忠，并逼迫李隆基將楊玉環(huán)縊死于馬嵬驛中?！堕L(zhǎng)恨歌》結(jié)尾兩句“天長(zhǎng)地久有時(shí)盡，此恨綿綿無(wú)絕期”為他們愛(ài)情故事的悲劇結(jié)局加了最好的注解。

“蓮花湯”用墨玉石砌成，為圓角長(zhǎng)方形，東西長(zhǎng)10.6米，南北寬6米，池底有兩個(gè)噴水口?！昂Ｌ臏彼追Q(chēng)貴妃池，為兩層臺(tái)式浴池，池的形狀仿佛一朵盛開(kāi)的海棠花，因此得名。池底中央為10厘米直徑的進(jìn)水口，原有一朵白玉雕成的蓮花，直徑30厘米，現(xiàn)在仍可看出蓮花底座的痕跡。

在御湯博物館的東南角有溫泉水源。

華清池內(nèi)與李隆基、楊玉環(huán)有關(guān)的重要遺址還有梨園遺址，位于華清池東大門(mén)內(nèi)右側(cè)，是他們教習(xí)梨園弟子演練歌舞的地方。今天的戲劇演員們稱(chēng)梨園弟子，起源于此。

從御湯博物館向東有一組封閉的園林，稱(chēng)環(huán)園。環(huán)園南部高臺(tái)之上有一字排開(kāi)坐南朝北的五間房屋，人稱(chēng)“五間廳”。它是中國(guó)現(xiàn)代史上著名的“西安事變”的見(jiàn)證。

1931年九一八事變中，日本侵占了我國(guó)東三省，蔣介石實(shí)行“攘外必先安內(nèi)”的不抵抗政策，將東北軍撤至關(guān)內(nèi)與紅軍作戰(zhàn)。1935年10月，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的工農(nóng)紅軍經(jīng)過(guò)兩萬(wàn)五千里長(zhǎng)征到達(dá)陜北，時(shí)任“剿總”副總司令的東北軍將領(lǐng)張學(xué)良和當(dāng)時(shí)任西安綏靖公署主任的西

北軍十七路軍總指揮楊虎城出于愛(ài)國(guó)、抗日的目的，多次規(guī)勸蔣介石放棄剿共政策，一致對(duì)外，共同抗日，但蔣介石固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)，對(duì)張、楊兩將軍的建議屢加痛斥。12月12日凌晨，張楊聯(lián)合發(fā)動(dòng)兵諫，派東北軍衛(wèi)隊(duì)營(yíng)突襲蔣介石的行轅華清池，經(jīng)過(guò)一番激戰(zhàn)，蔣的侍衛(wèi)大都被消滅，蔣本人當(dāng)時(shí)住在五間廳內(nèi)，聽(tīng)到槍聲，倉(cāng)皇出走，過(guò)飛虹橋，越過(guò)后圍墻向山上逃去，藏在半山腰虎斑石旁一條石縫內(nèi)，天亮后，被搜山的部隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，帶回西安。這便是震驚中外的西安事變。

西安事變發(fā)生后，各方政治力量表現(xiàn)活躍，但最終在中共中央代表周恩來(lái)和蔣介石夫人宋美齡、妻兄宋子文等人斡旋下，蔣介石接受了團(tuán)結(jié)抗日的共同主張。西安事變的和平解決，結(jié)束了長(zhǎng)達(dá)十年的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，促成了國(guó)共第二次合作，為半年后爆發(fā)的全民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)奠定了政治基礎(chǔ)。然而，西安事變和平解決后，護(hù)送蔣介石回南京的張學(xué)良將軍遭到數(shù)十年的長(zhǎng)期監(jiān)禁，楊虎城將軍則于1949年9月重慶解放前夕，被殺害于重慶中美合作所。

事變解決后，國(guó)民黨政府為紀(jì)念這一事件，在虎斑石旁修建了一個(gè)草木結(jié)構(gòu)的亭子，稱(chēng)“民族復(fù)興亭”。1946年，胡宗南將亭子改建為鋼筋水泥結(jié)構(gòu)，更名為“正氣亭”。解放后，人民政府將這個(gè)亭子改名為“捉蔣亭”，1986年，西安事變五十周年前夕，正式易名為“兵諫亭”。好，到這里，華清池的講解就全部結(jié)束了，謝謝大家！