第一篇:雅思學(xué)術(shù)類大作文結(jié)尾高端寫法范文
最權(quán)威的國際教育服務(wù)平臺(tái)
雅思學(xué)術(shù)類大作文結(jié)尾高端寫法
一個(gè)漂亮而又簡潔的結(jié)尾對(duì)于高分大作文來說無疑是必須的,盡管最終評(píng)分的主要依據(jù)并不是由結(jié)尾段決定的,但是結(jié)尾段的出色完成對(duì)于一篇成功的學(xué)術(shù)類大作文是不可或缺的。在本章節(jié)中,朗閣海外考試研究中心寫作組的老師將帶領(lǐng)大家領(lǐng)略結(jié)尾的不同高端寫法。
一.回顧全文+觀點(diǎn)+展望:
這種結(jié)尾方式比較適合于雙邊結(jié)構(gòu)的作文,在這種寫法中,我們要注意的是結(jié)尾段由三個(gè)要素組成,其中第2個(gè)要素是必須的,但是句子的數(shù)量可以是3句也可以是2句甚至1個(gè)句子。首先我們來看一個(gè)例子:
I agree that we need to make sure that animals that are used for testing new products have the minimum of suffering.However, I am convinced that animal testing is necessary, and that it will continue to benefit humans in new and wonderful ways.上面這個(gè)例句中,作者將自己的觀點(diǎn)隱藏在了一個(gè)賓語從句之后,起到了一個(gè)欲揚(yáng)先抑的效果。但是這種效果必須搭配一個(gè)展望未來才能起到渲染的效果。我們來對(duì)比另外一個(gè)例子:
In conclusion, physical punishment can be a useful method of discipline.However, it should be the last choice for parents.If we want to build a world with less violence we must begin at home, and we must teach our children to be responsible.大家不難發(fā)現(xiàn),2個(gè)句子都使用了相似的銜接方式,即首句委婉地回顧全文,將觀點(diǎn)的對(duì)立面用“讓步”的方式表達(dá)出來,同時(shí)也是對(duì)于主體段觀點(diǎn)的回顧。然后再是用轉(zhuǎn)折闡述自己的看法和觀點(diǎn)。最后再用一個(gè)對(duì)于未來的期望來支撐自己的觀點(diǎn)。朗閣海外考試研究中心分析認(rèn)為,這種順序安排的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于對(duì)于文章的主體有很好的總結(jié),但同時(shí)觀點(diǎn)又是非常鮮明有力的,加上對(duì)于未來的潤色,使得表達(dá)更流暢。用同樣的方法,我們?cè)賮砜吹谌齻€(gè)例句:
To sum up, although there are undoubtedly some problems with increased levels of education, I feel strongly that the country can only progress if all its people are educated to the maximum of their ability.和前2個(gè)結(jié)尾不同,第三個(gè)結(jié)尾盡管也是先回顧了全文,但是它將作者的觀點(diǎn)和對(duì)未來的期望寫在了一個(gè)條件狀語從句里。如此就給出了我們?cè)跇?gòu)造“展望未來”時(shí)的一個(gè)
資料來源:教育優(yōu)選 http://004km.cn/
最權(quán)威的國際教育服務(wù)平臺(tái)
思路,即搭配條件狀語從句或者介賓短語跟在觀點(diǎn)句之后。此種結(jié)尾發(fā)展方式同樣適用于分析解決型大作文的結(jié)尾段布局,比如:
All in all, although the problem of drugs may seem impossible to eliminate, there are concrete steps that can be taken to weaken the hold of drugs on society.The danger from drugs is too great to ignore.對(duì)于毒品對(duì)社會(huì)的危害,作者先是承認(rèn)現(xiàn)狀的無法改變,進(jìn)而樂觀地闡述了自己的觀點(diǎn)即采取了切實(shí)有效的行動(dòng)后可以減弱其危害。最后用毒品的危害性來對(duì)未來作展望。換句話說,在社會(huì)類分析解決型議論文中,我們?cè)谡雇磥頃r(shí)可以考慮用強(qiáng)調(diào)其長遠(yuǎn)的影響作為突破口。又如:
In short, there are several things that the government can do to allow more people to finish school.However, a number of society attitudes also have to change if the country’s people are to achieve their full potential.這個(gè)結(jié)尾的題目是討論輟學(xué)這一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致的問題和解決方案的。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)使用前面提到的條件狀語從句也可以作為這類題材結(jié)尾的重要句型。
二.觀點(diǎn)+展望:
第2種結(jié)尾的思路即將回顧全文部分省略,直接表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)和意圖。這種結(jié)尾方式比較適合于純單邊支持的作文,以下我們來看幾個(gè)例子:
It is obvious difficult to restrict the movement of people around the world and it is probably foolish to try to stop it.But attempts should be made to redress the imbalance.關(guān)于人才流失的話題,作者在結(jié)尾一上來就表達(dá)了自己的立場,即無法阻止這個(gè)現(xiàn)象。但是進(jìn)而又對(duì)改變這個(gè)狀況做了期待。我們來對(duì)比另外一個(gè)例子:
All in all, the problem of world poverty cannot be solved by money alone.Nations need to work together on long-term projects, sharing their knowledge and skills so that each person has something valuable to offer their community.在分析解決型題材的結(jié)尾中我們也可以采用這種2要素的結(jié)尾方式,如果最后所剩時(shí)間不是很充分的前提下,省略對(duì)全文的回顧而直接表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)也是一種明智的決定。
To conclude, it is clear that although numbers of women in the workforce have increased, they are still disadvantaged because they generally put the welfare of others, particularly the family, above financial ambition or promotion.資料來源:教育優(yōu)選 http://004km.cn/
最權(quán)威的國際教育服務(wù)平臺(tái)
上面例子中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),其實(shí)展望未來這個(gè)部分,也可以寫成解釋原因,因?yàn)椴皇敲總€(gè)題目到最后都能想出一個(gè)合適的未來讓你展望的,那么這個(gè)時(shí)候我們不妨把思路切換成對(duì)觀點(diǎn)的原因解釋,也未嘗不是一個(gè)好主意。我們?cè)賮砜纯催@個(gè)例子:
To sum up, the richer nations have helped a lot by providing money for poor countries and poorer countries need to not only spend the money for daily use, but also put more money on economic developments, human resource improvements and education advancements, because only by doing so can they change their poor situations.以上是對(duì)2種高端結(jié)尾方式的探討。
資料來源:教育優(yōu)選 http://004km.cn/
第二篇:雅思學(xué)術(shù)類小作文高端寫法
更多雅思考試培訓(xùn)資料請(qǐng)?jiān)L問:http:///ielts/ 查看
雅思學(xué)術(shù)類小作文高端寫法
雅思寫作7分長久以來一直成為很多考生的寫作瓶頸,其中固然有很多客觀因素,但是根據(jù)筆者這些年帶高分寫作班的經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及閱覽無數(shù)考官撰寫的高分范文后發(fā)現(xiàn),其實(shí)寫作從技術(shù)角度的確存在很多“高端”寫法和使用時(shí)的“潛規(guī)則”。因此,懷揣著對(duì)寫作的熱情以及借助目前正在楊浦分中心如火如荼開展的朗閣高端寫作課程的教學(xué)成果,我將從多個(gè)角度深度剖析雅思寫作的高分寫法,并成為一個(gè)系列。
在第一個(gè)章節(jié)里,筆者首先帶大家領(lǐng)略的是折線圖的主要寫法。
折線圖是常規(guī)學(xué)術(shù)類小作文中相對(duì)較容易的圖形,從高分角度來說,它的主體段寫作思路一般可以從2方面入手:
一. 起始點(diǎn)加變化趨勢這一寫法具有普遍性,既適合于單線也適合于多線圖。下面我們就根據(jù)線的數(shù)量來劃分并作探討:
1.三條線
這種圖形有三個(gè)起點(diǎn),但我們不是單純地逐一描述這三點(diǎn)的具體數(shù)值,而是要注意觀察其中某2個(gè)起點(diǎn)之間是否存在倍數(shù)關(guān)系。從實(shí)現(xiàn)句型角度來說,主句我們可以選擇用主+系+表的簡單句來實(shí)現(xiàn),然后用分詞形式來描寫第3個(gè)起始點(diǎn)。
以下我們就來看一個(gè)例子: The graph shows the trends in consumption of fast foods.Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.? You should write at least 150 words.? You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.From the graph we can see that in 1970, pizza was twice as popular as fish and chips, burgers being at that time the least popular fast food.The consumption of hamburgers and fish and chips has risen steadily over the 20 year period to 1990 while the consumption of pizza has been declining over that same period with a slight increase in popularity since 1985.2.兩條線
主體段的寫作思路可以是這2條線單獨(dú)各自寫,中間用表示對(duì)比或者并列的連詞銜接;還從根據(jù)2條線交叉區(qū)間的趨勢作為突破口。
以下我們分別來看2個(gè)例子: Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.? You should write at least 150 words.? You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.Graph 2 shows improvements in life expectancy and infant mortality between 1970 and 1992.Life expectancy was just 60 in 1970 but rose to almost 72 in 1992.In contrast, the number of babies dying dropped dramatically, from 60 per 1000 in 1970 to only 22 in 1992.The charts below show the percentage of their food budget the average family spent on restaurant meals in different years.The graph shows the number of meals eaten in fast food restaurants and sit-down restaurants.You should write at least 150 words.Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.Where families eat their restaurant meals also changed during that 30-year period.In 1970, families ate the same number of meals at fast food and sit-down restaurants.In 1980, families ate slightly more frequently at sit-down restaurants.However, since 1990, fast food restaurants serve more meals to the families than do the sit-down restaurants.Most of the restaurant meals from 2000 were eaten at fast
food restaurants.If this pattern continues, eventually the number of meals that families eat at fast food restaurants could double the number of meals they eat at sit-down restaurants.二. 臨界值
臨界值寫法屬于非主流寫法,但是卻是可以起到意想不到的好效果。所謂臨界值就是在變化趨勢較多的折線中從橫向或者縱向劃一條線,然后分別描寫上下的數(shù)據(jù)。
Write a report describing the information in the graph below.? You should write at least 150 words.? You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.The main season for sales is in the December to May period.Sales were consistently above 200 million dirhams per month, rising sharply to a peak of 350 million dirhams in March.However, for the next four months, sales declined steadily, reaching an annual low of 120 million dirhams in July.In August, there was a sudden increase.Sales almost doubled, rising from 120 million dirhams in July to 210 million dirhams in August.This was followed by a drop in September, back to the July figure.From September to October, sales recovered, from 120 to 180 million.In October and November, sales remained steady, and there was a small increase in December to 190 million dirhams.從圖中我們可以將縱軸中的200處劃條橫線,將數(shù)據(jù)上下分為2段,然后分別描述上方和下方的數(shù)據(jù)。
更多雅思考試培訓(xùn)資料請(qǐng)?jiān)L問:http:///ielts/ 查看
第三篇:雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀分段復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃
下面將整理具有不同復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間的考生的備考計(jì)劃,我們可以看看下文的內(nèi)容,以得到一定的幫助。
半年或一年內(nèi)參加雅思考試的學(xué)生:
1)精背四六級(jí)詞匯,做到聽說讀寫全部掌握;選背雅思詞匯,做到能夠迅速反應(yīng)出中文意思.2)系統(tǒng)地研讀一本語法書
3)如果認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力不夠或基礎(chǔ)實(shí)在太差, 可以考慮參加一個(gè)長期培訓(xùn)班,如新概念(第二冊(cè)或第三冊(cè))培訓(xùn)班或雅思基礎(chǔ)班以及一些聽力語法的單項(xiàng)培訓(xùn)班.4)爭取每天閱讀一定量的原版英文報(bào)刊、書籍,并非要讀懂每一個(gè)字,或完全理解,只要能理解其中大至含義既可??刹扇?:1的比例進(jìn)行泛讀與精讀。
5)從參考前半年開始練習(xí)雅思閱讀試題.三個(gè)月內(nèi)參加雅思考試的學(xué)生:
1)選背四六級(jí)詞匯, 精背雅思詞匯.2)每天定量練習(xí)雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀試題,以每天一套為最佳.注意將自己的錯(cuò)題做成統(tǒng)計(jì)表, 以便于復(fù)習(xí).3)在完成上述工作的基礎(chǔ)上,可選取其他閱讀書籍進(jìn)行速度及理解力的訓(xùn)練,如“英美報(bào)刊文章選讀”,“讀者的選擇”等
4)如果參加了培訓(xùn)班, 在考前一個(gè)月開始將老師總結(jié)的技巧加以復(fù)習(xí)
兩周至一個(gè)月內(nèi)參加考試的學(xué)生:
1)根據(jù)自己現(xiàn)有水平,選擇精背四六級(jí)詞匯或雅思詞匯,但注意在考前一周不要再刻意去背記任何生詞,而應(yīng)回頭將背過的詞匯好好復(fù)習(xí)一下
2)如果參加了培訓(xùn)班,應(yīng)該將老師布置的需要精讀的段落仔細(xì)研讀,不要再大量聯(lián)系生題新題
3)考前一周開始將開始將老師總結(jié)的技巧加以復(fù)習(xí)
當(dāng)然,在使用上述計(jì)劃時(shí),考生還應(yīng)該根據(jù)自己的不同情況靈活運(yùn)用.最后預(yù)祝廣大考生在雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀考試中取得理想成績.
第四篇:雅思大作文寫法
如此下筆雅思大作文
雅思大作文在寫作分值中占60%,且要求達(dá)到250字以上,整個(gè)考卷中,這是一項(xiàng)龐大而艱巨的工程,綜合考查考生平時(shí)的積累、練習(xí)和運(yùn)用,此部分建議用時(shí)40分鐘。那么如何在這時(shí)間里創(chuàng)作出優(yōu)秀的作品呢?
審題是有效完成任務(wù)的第一步,也是最關(guān)鍵的一步,用時(shí)大概在2-3分鐘左右。首先通讀題目,了解大意,再細(xì)讀,分析句子間的邏輯關(guān)系,最后再讀題目,辨別關(guān)鍵詞,區(qū)分主題詞和限定詞,推測考官的出題意圖。由于大部分考生只做到了讀題的第一步,所以出現(xiàn)離題或部分離題的可能性很大。
審清題目之后,接下來就是文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。用大約3分鐘時(shí)間,對(duì)關(guān)鍵詞加以延伸,根據(jù)已經(jīng)獲得的素材確定寫作框架,列出簡單提綱。明確的思路能讓文章寫作得心應(yīng)手。萬事開頭難,有個(gè)性的開頭往往能提升文章的含金量。大作文的第一段是情景鋪墊,在這一段要點(diǎn)明這篇文章要討論或解決什么問題及問題的背景,也可以加入個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。用時(shí)8-10分鐘。首段一定要避免出現(xiàn)語法錯(cuò)誤,這是為了給考官有繼續(xù)讀下去的勇氣。正文部分可以從正反兩面論述,再闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)或看法,一般在15-20分鐘。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,一定要緊扣題目,注意句子的連貫性,如連接詞的運(yùn)用、承接、轉(zhuǎn)折、句子長短搭配等,在用詞方面盡量多用學(xué)術(shù)性更強(qiáng)的詞匯以增強(qiáng)文章看點(diǎn)。
說完了,畢竟要?dú)w納一番,結(jié)論段,是文章的完整性的體現(xiàn),用時(shí)在5-8分鐘。好的總結(jié)能起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的效果。開頭很好,也必然要有一個(gè)精彩的結(jié)尾,讓讀者眼前一亮,這樣,高分當(dāng)然會(huì)光顧你了。
最后再用1-2分鐘進(jìn)行檢查,此時(shí)不宜作大的修改,把筆誤的部分改掉即可。整個(gè)寫作過程中,要把握好時(shí)間,掌控好情緒,明確思路,正確運(yùn)用各類詞匯和句式,多增加文章提分點(diǎn)。不用懷疑,好的文章就出自你的筆尖。
第五篇:雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀黃金法則
雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀雖然有十種題型(八種主要題型), 但在解題過程中有一條貫穿始終的黃金法則, 那就是學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀的基本解題思路.STEP ONE:
分析文章后的題目:拿到一篇閱讀文章, 考生應(yīng)該首先細(xì)讀題目要求,確定哪些是關(guān)于文章結(jié)構(gòu)的題目,哪些是關(guān)于文章細(xì)節(jié)的題目, 同時(shí)找出題目中的中心詞.STEP TWO:
帶著問題掃描文章
1.掃描標(biāo)題
考生拿到一篇雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀文章,首先應(yīng)該看一下文章的標(biāo)題,描述性標(biāo)題應(yīng)該予以忽略;如果文章分幾個(gè)SECTION論述,則SECTION的標(biāo)題也應(yīng)該加以注意
2.掃描全文的分段情況及其他信息
考生應(yīng)注意數(shù)字、百分比、分?jǐn)?shù)、時(shí)間或貨幣符號(hào)出現(xiàn)較多的段落;引號(hào)、大寫專有名詞、括號(hào)及破折號(hào)出現(xiàn)較多的段落;斜體字、黑體字、下劃線出現(xiàn)較多的段落
3.掃描每個(gè)段落的首末句,把握文章主題:
主題句提示文章每段的主題含意,進(jìn)而合成整個(gè)文章的大意。因此,一定要找出主題句,從而找出這一段的主題。主題句通常是一段文章的首句(當(dāng)然并非永遠(yuǎn)如此),尋找主題句的方法可按下列順序:首句--→第二句--→中間句--→末句,如果首句是描述性語句則應(yīng)該予以忽略
4.掃描連接上下文的信號(hào)詞
順承及遞進(jìn)關(guān)系 Also apart from besides moreover furthermore
對(duì)比及轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 But however although though yet nevertheless on the other hand
因果關(guān)系 As because for since owing to thanks to which in turn lead to as a result result in result from consequently therefore
舉例說明關(guān)系 That is to say in other words such as for example for instance
5.掃描文章文章中是否有圖表或示意圖
這些圖表一般包含了一些有關(guān)回答問題的信息,因此可以先對(duì)這些圖表做一掃描,了解其內(nèi)容從而加快答題速度,不然的話,就可能陷在文章中四處找尋答案而亂無頭緒。但應(yīng)注意,一般照片、地圖、漫畫可以予以忽略。
STEP THREE:
以問題為中心,通過上述掃描工作,找出文章中對(duì)應(yīng)的中心詞,從而定位正確答案。