第一篇：北美大學(xué)校園生活學(xué)習(xí)常用詞匯及短語(yǔ)

托福聽(tīng)力長(zhǎng)對(duì)話-北美校園生活常用詞匯及短語(yǔ)

1.orientation meeting/session [.?:rien'tei??n] 新生情況介紹會(huì) Ex: The University has arranged an orientation session.2．professor’s office hour 教授答疑時(shí)間

Ex: Many freshmen are uncertain or shy about utilizing a professor’s office hours.3．lecture ['lekt??] n.演講，講課

Ex: Several hundred people are expected to attend the lecture.4．lecture hall n.講堂，講演廳，報(bào)告廳

Ex: The lecture hall was jammed when the professor arrived at the very last moment.5．tutorial [tju:'t?:ri?l] n.個(gè)別指導(dǎo)

Ex: Small group tutorials are used to discuss problems which come up in lectures.6.deadline ['dedlain] n.最后期限，截止時(shí)間 Ex: There's no way I can meet that deadline.7.overdue ['?uv?'dju:] adj.過(guò)期的

Ex: I must take these books back to the library-they're overdue.There is a fine if the reserved library books are even one hour overdue.8.schedule ['sked?ul] n.時(shí)間表，計(jì)劃 v.安排，計(jì)劃，Ex: According to the schedule, the first lecture begins at 9.00 am The test is scheduled to begin in one hour.9.time slot [sl?t] 時(shí)間空檔

Ex: If you have two final exams scheduled at the same time, you will have to move one exam to another time slot 10．signature ['signit??] n.簽字，簽名

Ex: Each child must obtain the signature of his or her parents 11．thesis ['θi:sis] n.畢業(yè)論文

Ex: a master's/doctoral thesis on the effects of global warming 12．dissertation [.dis?'tei??n] n.論文

Ex: He wrote his dissertation on an obscure 16th-century poet.13．course [k?:s] n.課程

Ex: compulsory/required/mandatory course； elective course, optional course;foundation course，introductory course，intermediate level course，advanced course 13．elective [i'lektiv] n.選修科目 Ex: She took three electives last term.14.option ['?p??n] n.選修科目

Ex: She is taking French as an option next year 14．a(chǎn)ssignment [?'sainm?nt] n.功課，任務(wù)

Ex: I have a lot of reading assignments to complete before the end of term.15．presentation [.prezen'tei??n] n.(國(guó)外學(xué)生在課堂上所做的)演講 Ex: The speaker gave an interesting presentation on urban transport.16.field work 野外考察 實(shí)地考察

Ex：Offered by most departments for academic credit, field work enables students to examine the way the theories and the practical experiences of a particular discipline interact.17.attendance [?'tend?ns] n.出勤，上課 Ex: Attendance at lectures is compulsory.18．skip/miss classes 缺課，曠課

Ex: He skipped chemistry class three times last month 19.tuition fees 學(xué)費(fèi)

Ex: Many students will not have to pay tuition fees if their financial situation is below a certain level.20.course syllabus ['sil?b?s] 課程大綱

Ex: Course syllabus lists the course objectives, required reading assignments, examination dates, and other course requirements such as attendance 21.handout ['h?ndaut] n.講義

Ex: I e-mailed you about getting the handouts from the class I missed the other day.22.semester=term [si'mest?] n.學(xué)期

Ex: How many subjects are you studying this semester 23.practicum ['pr?ktik?m] n.實(shí)習(xí)科目，實(shí)習(xí)課

Ex: A practicum is a college course, often in a specialized field of study, that is designed to give students supervised practical application of a previously or concurrently studied theory.24.placement service 就業(yè)辦公室

Ex: Placement service is a campus office that provides job listings from local or campus employees and assists students in finding full-time jobs after graduation is a/an 25．take on a part-time job 找兼職工作

Ex: He had taken a part-time job selling all-natural products.26．transfer [tr?ns'f?:] v 轉(zhuǎn)班，轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)

Ex: I was able to transfer my credits from summer school 27．extension [iks'ten??n] n.延期

Ex: Donald's been given an extension to finish his thesis 28．examination [ig.z?mi'nei??n] n.考試

Ex: The examination results will be announced in September.29．pop quiz 突擊考試

Ex: We have a history quiz every Monday.30．mid-term exam 期中考試

Ex: Alison has a history midterm next week.31．final exam 期末考試

Ex: The final exam for this class will be on May 21st.When is your chemistry/French/algebra final? 32．teaching assistant 助教

Ex: A teaching assistant(TA)is an individual who assists a professor or teacher with instructional responsibilities.33．instructor=lecturer [in'str?kt?] n.教師，講師

Ex: He's a poetry instructor at a local community college.34．spring break 春季學(xué)期間的短假期

Ex: In the United States, the timing of spring break in tertiary institutions may range from the beginning of March to the later part of April, but many schools are in recess for at least one of the weeks in March 35．review [ri'vju:] vt.溫習(xí)，復(fù)習(xí)(go over)Ex :We'll spend this week reviewing for the final.36.tutor ['tju:t?] n.家庭教師

Ex: His tutor encouraged him to read widely in philosophy.37.tutoring 家庭輔導(dǎo)

Ex: I have to do some tutoring to pay my tuition fees.Tutoring can be defined as people who are not professional teachers helping and supporting the learning of others in an interactive, purposeful and systematic way.38.internship ['int?:n?ip] n.實(shí)習(xí)

Ex: Jane has a summer internship at a local TV station.39.assistantship [?'sist?nt.?ip] n.研究生助教獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金

Ex: Graduate students have several sources of funding, but perhaps the most common is the assistantship 40.gym/sports center/health center 健身中心 Ex: I try and work out at the local gym once a week.41.lost and found 失物招領(lǐng)處

Ex: A lost and found is an office in the university where students can go to retrieve lost articles that may have been found by other students.42.health insurance 醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)

Ex: A health insurance policy is a contract between an insurance company and an individual 43.student I.D.number 學(xué)號(hào)

Ex: Students have an I.D number, with which they login onto the school's website and access assignments.44.snack bar 小吃店

Ex: A snack bar is a place where you can buy snacks or small meals 45.online course 網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程

Ex: Online courses enable us to extend the opportunity of studying with the University of Oxford to students anywhere in the world, in a way that fits with the busiest of lives.46.plagiarism ['pleid?i?riz?m] n.剽竊

Ex: The journal accused the professor of plagiarism.47.curriculum [k?'rikjul?m] n.課程，全部課程

Ex: Languages are an essential part of the school curriculum.48.audit ['?:dit] 旁聽(tīng)

Ex: As a senior citizen, he is allowed to audit university classes.49.multiple choice questions 多項(xiàng)選擇題

Ex: A multiple choice examination or question shows several possible answers, and you have to choose the correct one 50.grade, score, mark 分?jǐn)?shù) 成績(jī) Ex: Tim worked hard and got good grades.The school's test scores have not improved Her marks have been a lot lower this term 51.GPA平均成績(jī)點(diǎn)數(shù)(=grade point average)Ex: A cumulative grade point average is calculated as an indicator of overall academic performance in a program and is used as a criterion for graduation requirements 52.with honours ['?n?z] n.優(yōu)異成績(jī) Ex: If you complete a school or university qualification with honours, you achieve a high standard.She graduated with(top/high)honors.53.the stacks [plural] 書(shū)架

Ex: I couldn't find the book in the stacks.54.commencement n.[k?'mensm?nt] 畢業(yè)典禮(=graduation ceremony)Ex: During commencement degrees or diplomas are given to students who have graduated from a school or college 55.report card/grade report Ex: In most places, the report card is issued by the school to the student or the student's parents twice or four times yearly.56.abstract ['?bstr?kt] n.摘要

Ex: There is a section at the end of the magazine which includes abstracts of recent articles/books.57.summary ['s?m?ri] n.摘要

Ex: At the end of the news, they often give you a summary of the main news stories.58.Literature Review ['lit?r?t??] 文獻(xiàn)綜述

Ex: The ultimate goal of literature review is to bring the reader up to date with current literature on a topic 59．references/bibliography [.bibli'?gr?fi] n.參考書(shū)目 Ex: Bibliography usually appears at the end of the thesis.60．term paper n.學(xué)期論文

Ex: Bill has written only one-third of his term paper that is due tomorrow 61．graduate school application 研究生申請(qǐng)

Ex: My professor offered me some advice concerning the wording of my graduate school application 62．transcript ['tr?nskript] n.成績(jī)單

Ex: I want to continue my studies.I would appreciate it if you could send me a transcript 63．diploma [di'pl?um?] n.文憑

Ex: Anyone with a high school diploma can enroll in the course.I’d like to drop off my graduation form.I understand you need this in order to process my diploma.64． recall [ri'k?:l] v.召回

Ex: If the book is recalled by other students then you have to return it within 7 working days.65．certificate [s?'tifikit] n.證書(shū) Ex: high school/college diploma 66．scholarship ['sk?l??ip] n.獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金

Ex: She got/received/won a scholarship to Yale University 67．fellowship ['fel?u?ip] n.研究生獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金 Ex: She's applied for a research fellowship.68．grant [grɑ:nt] n.資助

Ex: They gave/awarded her a grant to study abroad for one year.69．registration [.red?i'strei??n] n.注冊(cè)

Ex: Registration for the course will take place a week before the start of term.70．sign up for 選課

Ex: She's signed up for evening classes at the community college.71．major ['meid??] n.主修專業(yè)

Ex: He chose history as his major and French as his minor 72．minor ['main?] n.副修專業(yè)

Ex: She majored in chemistry with a minor in biology 73．a(chǎn)cademic advisor 學(xué)習(xí)顧問(wèn)

Ex: Academic advisors provide students with accurate information about academic progression and degree requirements.74．a(chǎn)pproval [?'pru:v?l] n.允許 許可

Ex: I need to get the professor’s signature on my schedule card here, on the line above advisor’s approval.75．quit/drop 放棄 退課

Ex: I have to drop my chemistry course last semester when I went into the hospital, so I need to take it again, 76．credit ['kredit] n.學(xué)分

Ex: He's already got a credit/three credits in earth science 77．registrar ['red?i.strɑ:] n.（學(xué)校）注冊(cè)主任

Ex: at some colleges, an official in charge of examinations, keeping records and admitting new students 78．enroll [in'r?ul] v.登記

Ex: I enrolled for/in/on the modern art course.79．library ['laibr?ri] n.圖書(shū)館

Ex: The library loans books, CDs and videotapes.80．student ID card 學(xué)生證

Ex: You have to show your student ID card in order to go to the university gym.81．library card 借書(shū)證

Ex: I’ve lost my library card and I can’t borrow any books until I get a new one.82．fiction ['fik??n] n.小說(shuō)

Ex: The book is a work of fiction and not intended as a historical account.83．non-fiction 非小說(shuō)

Ex: Non-fictions include dictionaries and reference books.84．reference book(=reference)參考書(shū)

Ex: The reference book I want to borrow has been put on reserve by the professor.85．encyclopedia [en.saikl?u'pi:di?] n.百科全書(shū)

Ex: Does anyone know when Mozart was born?“ ”Look it up in the encyclopedia." 86．periodical [.pi?ri'?dik?l] n.期刊

Ex: She has written for several legal periodicals.87．magazine [.m?g?'zi:n] n.雜志

Ex: She's the editor of a popular women's magazine.88．current issue 現(xiàn)刊

Ex: Current issues are put on the shelves in the periodical section.89．back issue 過(guò)刊

Ex: Back issues of newspapers are put in the basement of the library.90．journal ['d??:nl] n.學(xué)術(shù)雜志

Ex: The library subscribes to all the major science journals.91．newspaper ['nju:z.peip?] n.報(bào)紙 Ex: Which newspaper do you read regularly? a daily / Sunday newspaper 92．a(chǎn)tlas ['?tl?s] n.地圖冊(cè) Ex: an atlas of the world 93．a(chǎn)lmanac ['?:lm?n?k] n.年鑒

Ex: a book published every year that contains facts and information such as important days, times of the sun rising and going down or changes in the moon 94．video 錄像帶

Ex: We're going to rent a couple of videos to watch this weekend 95．VCR 錄像機(jī) = Video Cassette Recorder Ex: a machine you use to record television programmes or play videotapes 96．declare a major 選專業(yè)

You must declare a major by the end of your sophomore year 97．computer access Ex: Computer access is provided in all the sections of the library 98．internet service 99．online database 在線數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

Ex: We're linked to the on-line database at our head office.100．project 功課 任務(wù)

Ex: In our third year at college everyone had to do a special project.I am having problem with my group project 101．cram [kr?m] v.倉(cāng)促備考

Ex: She's cramming for her history exam.102．photocopier ['f?ut?.k?pi?] n.復(fù)印機(jī)

Ex: I have a photocopier in my office that automatically sorts sheets of paper into different bins.103．photocopy 復(fù)印

Ex: I'll just make a photocopy of the agreement.Could you photocopy those three pages for me, please? 104．printer 打印機(jī)

Ex :The future of high-quality printing in businesses belongs to laser printers.105．interlibrary service 圖書(shū)館館際互借服務(wù)

Ex: Interlibrary services are services provided mutually by libraries with the aim of making library documents, irrespective of the place where they are deposited, available to all their users.106．closed reserve 非外借書(shū)庫(kù)

Ex: If a print resource will be in high demand they can request that item placed in the Closed Reserve.107．put …on reserve 把資料放在非外借書(shū)庫(kù) Ex: The librarian has put the book on reserve for me 108．multimedia 多媒體

Ex: We bought a multimedia encyclopedia 109．online catalogue ['k?t?l?:g] n.在線書(shū)目

Ex: There is a new catalogue of all the books in the library.110．keyword 關(guān)鍵字 Ex: You can type in the keyword to locate the book you are looking for.111．call number 索書(shū)號(hào)

Ex: A call number is a group of numbers and/or letters put together to tell you where in the library to find your book.112．check out 辦理外借手續(xù)

Ex: Residents now have to pay $50 a year to check out books from the state university library 113．recall [ri'k?:l] n.召回

Ex: If an item is recalled, it's loan period will be shortened to two weeks 114．circulation desk [.s?:kju'lei??n] 借書(shū)臺(tái)

Ex: When visiting the library in person, you can bring the material you want to check out to one of two circulation desks on the main level of the library.115．loan period/borrowing period [l?un] 借書(shū)期限

Ex: The loan period for circulating materials varies according to the status of the borrower.116.renew [ri'nju:] v.續(xù)借

Ex: He renewed the book for another two months 117．overdue ['?uv?'dju:] adj.過(guò)期的

Ex: The library books are overdue.118．fine [fain] n.罰款，罰金

Ex: I got a fine for not returning library books on time.119．bachelor's degree 學(xué)士學(xué)位

Ex: He graduated from North Dakota State University in 1993 with a bachelor's degree in civil engineering.120．grade point average(學(xué)生各科成績(jī))平均積分點(diǎn)

Ex: Despite this tragedy, she graduated with the second highest grade point average in her high school.121．general education 通識(shí)教育

Ex: All courses in the General Education program strive to stimulate critical or analytic thinking 122．discipline ['disiplin] n.學(xué)科

Ex: History and economics only became separate academic disciplines in the 20th century.123．vacation [vei'kei??n] n.假期，休假 Ex: We're taking a vacation in June.124．prerequisite ['pri:'rekwizit] n.先決條件

Ex: Passing a written exam is a prerequisite for taking the advanced course.125．quarter ['kw?:t?] 四分之一學(xué)年

Ex: A quarter is one of four periods into which the school year is divided 126．counselor ['kauns?l?] n.顧問(wèn) 127．department chair Ex: He was elected department chair of the physics department.128．dean [di:n] n.系主任，學(xué)院院長(zhǎng)

Ex: She is the new dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences.the Dean of Medicine 129．faculty ['f?k?lti] n.全體教員；（大學(xué)的）系，科，院 Ex:the Arts/Law Faculty the Faculty of Science 130．drop out 退學(xué)

Ex: He dropped out of college when he was 20.131．make-up test 補(bǔ)考

Ex: I have to take a make-up test because I got the flu on the test day 132．expel [iks'pel] v 開(kāi)除

Ex: Two girls were expelled from school for taking drugs.133．student union 學(xué)生會(huì)

Ex: In colleges and universities, the student union is often accorded its own building on the campus , dedicated to social and organizational activities of the student body.134．degree [di'gri:] n.學(xué)位

Ex: She's got a bachelor's/master's degree in history from Yale.135．freshman ['fre?m?n] n.大學(xué)一年級(jí)學(xué)生 Ex: He's a freshman at Harvard.136．sophomore ['s?f?m?:] n.大學(xué)二年級(jí)學(xué)生

Ex: A sophomore is a student studying in the second year of a course at a US college 137．junior ['d?u:nj?] n.大學(xué)三年級(jí)學(xué)生 Ex: a junior at NYU 138．senior ['si:nj?] n.大學(xué)四年級(jí)學(xué)生 Ex: Jen will be a senior this year.139．dormitory ['d?:mitri] n.集體宿舍

Ex: He soon gets accustom to dormitory life and make two or three friend 140．roommate ['ru:mmeit] n.室友

Ex: Jean was my roommate during our first year at university.141．off campus 在校園外的

Ex: The Off Campus Housing office provides information to members of the Johns Hopkins community looking for a place to live near the university.142.title ['taitl] n.標(biāo)題，頭銜，稱號(hào)

Ex: I've read one of her books, but I can't remember the title.143.skim [skim] vt.略讀

Ex: It took me an hour to skim the book 144.graph [grɑ:f] n.圖表，示意圖

Ex: This graph shows how crime has varied in relationship to unemployment over the last 20 years.145.chart [t?ɑ:t] n.圖表

Ex: He illustrated his theory by using charts and graphs.146.draft [dr?ft] n.草稿

Ex: She asked me to check the(first)draft of her proposal.147.register ['red?ist?] v.記錄，登記，注冊(cè)

Did you registers already for classes next semester? 148.seminar ['seminɑ:] n.研究會(huì),討論發(fā)表會(huì) Ex: Professor White's seminar was cancelled.149.master’s degree n.碩士學(xué)位

Ex: Master’s degree is an academic degree higher than a bachelor's but lower than a doctor's 150.bulletin board ['bulitin] 告示牌 Ex: The classroom assignment sheet is posted on the bulletin board.151.cancel ['k?ns?l] v.取消

Ex: The class has been cancelled because not enough students signed up for it.152.administration office/building 行政辦公室/樓

Ex: He was looking for the administration building to drop off his graduation form.153.overwhelmed [.?uv?'welm] v.由于工作、功課量大而忙不過(guò)來(lái) Ex: I am a little overwhelmed by the size of this university.154.swamped [sw?mp] v.由于工作、功課量大而忙不過(guò)來(lái) Ex: I'm swamped with work at the moment.155.feedback ['fi:db?k] n.反饋，成果

Ex: Every Friday, Mr.James would hand out the students' essays and give them some feedback.156.audition [?:'di??n] n.試聽(tīng)；試演

Ex: His audition went well and he's fairly hopeful about getting the part.157.career fair 招聘會(huì)

Ex: He went to the career services office to confirm the date and time of the career fair.158.linguistics [li?'gwistiks] n.語(yǔ)言學(xué)

Ex: Linguistics is the systematic study of the structure and development of language in general or of particular languages 159.accounting [?'kaunti?] n.會(huì)計(jì);會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)

Ex: In order to deal with the problems of budgeting for this it is necessary to know something of company financial and cost accounting.160.pointer ['p?int?] n.暗示,線索,點(diǎn)子

Ex: I want some pointers where to go for information on this subject.161.textbook ['tekstbuk] n.課本，教科書(shū)

Ex: I can't get hold of any of the college textbooks he recommended.Most economics textbooks skip over the subject of investing and financial markets.162.apply for 申請(qǐng)

Ex: We've applied to a charitable organization for a grant for the project.163.résumé [?r?z??me?] n.簡(jiǎn)歷，履歷

Ex: She sent her résumé to fifty companies, but didn't even get an interview.164.stop by 偶然過(guò)訪，靠近，訪問(wèn)(=come by)Ex: Can you stop by for a moment on your way home from your firm 165.submit [s?b'mit] v.呈送，遞交(=hand in/turn in)Ex: Please submit your application form before the deadline.166.outline ['?utlain] n.大綱

Ex: In this paper I will give a broad outline of the research we have been doing.167.blank out 忘記

Ex: I blanked out during the exam.168.shelf [?elf] n.書(shū)架

Ex: I couldn’t find the book I wanted on the shelf.169.clarify ['kl?rifai] vt.澄清，闡明，使...明晰

Ex: The teacher's explanation clarify the puzzling problem 170．synthesis ['sinθisis] n.綜合

Ex: The teacher asked me to write a synthesis of what I had observed and read.171.revise [ri'vaiz] v.校訂，修正，校正

Ex: My professor asked to revise the first draft of the thesis.172.poster ['p?ust?] n.海報(bào)

Ex: He put up a poster advertising the career fair.173.flyer ['flai?] n.傳單

Ex: Flyers are inexpensive to produce and are regarded as a very effective form of direct marketing 174.come up 出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生

Ex: Should he be watching TV now with the exams coming up next week 175.pick up 取 拿 領(lǐng)

Ex: When you're in town could you pick up the books I ordered? Have you picked up your ID card from the office yet？ 176.break 短暫的休息時(shí)間 課間休息

Ex.Would you like to take a break and get a soda? 177 give away vi.贈(zèng)送，送出

Ex.I gave away all my out-of-date science texts when I moved? 178.cover v.覆蓋，涉及，包含

Ex.We are rapidly nearing the end of this course in the history of classical music.We have covered several centuries in a very short time 179.accept v 錄取

Ex: Because Susan was accepted by the state university, her brother Ben applied there too.180.overhead projector 投影儀

Ex：I can run this overhead projector There’s really nothing to do it.181．out of print(書(shū)等)已絕版的，已售完的

Ex：Her first novel is out of print now but you may find a second-hand copy.182.note [n?ut] n.筆記

Ex: Mind if I borrow your economics notes for a while? 183.language lab 語(yǔ)音室

Ex：Shall I lock the language lab now before I go home 184.appointment [?'p?intm?nt] n.預(yù)約

Ex: I have an appointment to see Doctor Gram for a physical examination.

第二篇：北美大學(xué)校園生活學(xué)習(xí)常用詞匯及短語(yǔ)

北美大學(xué)校園生活學(xué)習(xí)常用詞匯及短語(yǔ)

1．orientation meeting/session [.?:rien'tei??n] 新生情況介紹會(huì)

Ex: The University has arranged an orientation session.2．professor’s office hour 教授答疑時(shí)間

Ex: Many freshmen are uncertain or shy about utilizing a professor’s office hours.3．lecture ['lekt??] n.演講，講課

Ex: Several hundred people are expected to attend the lecture.4．lecture hall n.講堂，講演廳，報(bào)告廳

Ex: The lecture hall was jammed when the professor arrived at the very last moment.5．tutorial [tju:'t?:ri?l] n.個(gè)別指導(dǎo)

Ex: Small group tutorials are used to discuss problems which come up in lectures.6.deadline ['dedlain] n.最后期限，截止時(shí)間 Ex: There's no way I can meet that deadline.7.overdue ['?uv?'dju:] adj.過(guò)期的

Ex: I must take these books back to the library-they're overdue.There is a fine if the reserved library books are even one

hour overdue.8.schedule ['sked?ul] n.時(shí)間表，計(jì)劃 v.安排，計(jì)劃，Ex: According to the schedule, the first lecture begins at 9.00 am The test is scheduled to begin in one hour.9.time slot [sl?t] 時(shí)間空檔

Ex: If you have two final exams scheduled at the same time, you will have to move one exam to another time slot 10．signature ['signit??] n.簽字，簽名

Ex: Each child must obtain the signature of his or her parents 11．thesis ['θi:sis] n.畢業(yè)論文

Ex: a master's/doctoral thesis on the effects of global warming 12．dissertation [.dis?'tei??n] n.論文

Ex: He wrote his dissertation on an obscure 16th-century poet.13．course [k?:s] n.課程

Ex: compulsory/required/mandatory course； elective course, optional course;foundation course，introductory course，intermediate level course，advanced course

13．elective [i'lektiv] n.選修科目 Ex: She took three electives last term.14.option ['?p??n] n.選修科目

Ex: She is taking French as an option next year 14．a(chǎn)ssignment [?'sainm?nt] n.功課，任務(wù)

Ex: I have a lot of reading assignments to complete before the end of term.15．presentation [.prezen'tei??n] n.(國(guó)外學(xué)生在課堂上所做的)演講

Ex: The speaker gave an interesting presentation on urban transport.16.field work 野外考察 實(shí)地考察

Ex：Offered by most departments for academic credit, field work enables students to examine the way the theories and the practical experiences of a particular discipline interact.17.attendance [?'tend?ns] n.出勤，上課 Ex: Attendance at lectures is compulsory.18．skip/miss classes 缺課，曠課

Ex: He skipped chemistry class three times last month 19.tuition fees 學(xué)費(fèi)

Ex: Many students will not have to pay tuition fees if their

financial situation is below a certain level.20.course syllabus ['sil?b?s] 課程大綱

Ex: Course syllabus lists the course objectives, required reading assignments, examination dates, and other course requirements such as attendance 21.handout ['h?ndaut] n.講義

Ex: I e-mailed you about getting the handouts from the class I missed the other day.22.semester=term [si'mest?] n.學(xué)期

Ex: How many subjects are you studying this semester 23.practicum ['pr?ktik?m] n.實(shí)習(xí)科目，實(shí)習(xí)課 Ex: A

practicum

is

a

college course, often in a specialized field of study, that is designed to give students supervised practical application of a previously or concurrently studied theory.24.placement service 就業(yè)辦公室

Ex: Placement service is a campus office that provides job listings from local or campus employees and assists students in finding full-time jobs after graduation is a/an 25．take on a part-time job 找兼職工作

Ex: He had taken a part-time job selling all-natural products.26．transfer [tr?ns'f?:] v 轉(zhuǎn)班，轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)

Ex: I was able to transfer my credits from summer school 27．extension [iks'ten??n] n.延期

Ex: Donald's been given an extension to finish his thesis 28．examination [ig.z?mi'nei??n] n.考試

Ex: The examination results will be announced in September.29．pop quiz 突擊考試

Ex: We have a history quiz every Monday.30．mid-term exam 期中考試

Ex: Alison has a history midterm next week.31．final exam 期末考試

Ex: The final exam for this class will be on May 21st.When is your chemistry/French/algebra final? 作者：新東方網(wǎng)編輯整理 來(lái)源：新東方網(wǎng) 原文：http://toefl.xdf.cn/201202/1035052.html 相關(guān)閱讀：

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http://page.renren.com/600161032/note/782485636 【4】劉文勇主頁(yè)http://page.renren.com/600161032微博http://weibo.com/liuwenyong

第三篇：大學(xué)校園生活英語(yǔ)詞匯與短語(yǔ)

大學(xué)校園生活英語(yǔ)詞匯與短語(yǔ)

（———上海海事大學(xué)）

穿衣服get dressed，Wearing Clothes 制服uniform 刷牙brush one's teeth 洗臉wash the face 整理床鋪make the bed，bedmaking 打掃房間clean the room 鎖門lock the door 離開(kāi)公寓Leave the apartment 去餐廳Go to restaurant 吃早餐have breakfast 早鍛煉Morning Exercises 跑步running 早讀morning reading 列隊(duì)fall into rank 集合gather，解散dissolve 上課go to class 老師好Hello Teacher，Teacher well 做筆記take notes 玩手機(jī) fiddle with her phone 下課class is over 去衛(wèi)生間Go to the bathroom 打水fetch water 喝水drink water 吃午飯have lunch，go to lunch 午休noon break，midday rest 去北廣North Garden square 去超市Go to the supermarket 去飯 go to the restaurant 叫外賣Ordenng Takeout 去女生公寓樓下To the girl's apartment downstairs 等人wait for someone 等你Waiting for you 約會(huì)make an appointment 約了人吃晚飯 About a person for dinner 我可以約你去散步嗎 Can I take a walk around you 我可以約你去看電影嗎Can I go to the movies about you 吃晚餐have dinner，have supper 去吃晚餐go to dinner 去圖書(shū)館go to the library 借書(shū)borrow books 還書(shū)return a book 晚自習(xí)self-study at night，Night classes 回公寓 back to the apartment 用電腦use computer 看新聞Read the news 打電話making telephone calls 看球賽watch ball game 看電影see films 聽(tīng)音樂(lè)listen to music 玩游戲play games 聊天Chatting，have a chat 洗澡take a bath，have a bath，take a shower 睡覺(jué)go to bed，go to sleep 關(guān)燈turn off the lights 取快遞Take delivery 晚點(diǎn)名evening roll-call 輔修法學(xué)A minor in law 理發(fā)have a haircut 社團(tuán)活動(dòng)Club Activities，Community activities 打籃球play basketball 洗衣服wash the clothes 晾衣服hang clothes out

第四篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)高頻詞匯、短語(yǔ)及句型集錦

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)高頻詞匯、短語(yǔ)及句型集錦

a stack of 一堆，一摞，一疊 a wealth of 很多的

abrupt 突然的；意料之外的 absorb 吸收；吸引...的注意 academic performance 學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī) accuse 譴責(zé)，指控 accusation 指控，控告 advance 前進(jìn)；增加 alert 警報(bào)

alternative 替代品；另類的 appear 看上去好像，似乎 Aristotle 亞里士多德 assembly 集會(huì)，集合

at hand 手頭上的；需要馬上處理的 at the expense of 以...為代價(jià) attentively 專注地；熱切地 attribute to 把...歸因于 bacon 臘肉 bake 烘，烤

bake...into 納入，合并

be entitled to 有權(quán)；有...的資格 be tied up with=be busy with bear sth in mind 將…牢記心間 beverage 飲料

biased 有偏見(jiàn)的；結(jié)果偏倚的 billion 十億

blade 刀刃，刀片 bless 祝福；保佑 block 一塊，一段 bloom 果樹(shù)的花 blossom 觀賞的花 boost 提升；鼓舞

box office 票房收入；售票處 branch 分支 breeze 微風(fēng) brew 釀造

brief 短暫的；簡(jiǎn)略的 bubble 氣泡，泡沫

build up from nothing=start from scratch 白手起家

bullet 子彈

bump 上下顛簸；碰撞；膨脹 burglar 竊賊 cable 電纜

calligraphy=handwriting 書(shū)法

catch oneself doing sth突然意識(shí)到自己在做...categorize 分類 ceiling 天花板

champagne（法國(guó)）香檳酒

chance of a lifetime 千載難逢的機(jī)會(huì) Chances always favor those who are fully prepared 機(jī)會(huì)總是留給有充分準(zhǔn)備的人 chill 寒冷；寒氣 chilly 寒冷的

China’s reform and opening-up 中國(guó)的改革開(kāi)放

chip 剪下；剪輯；夾住，扣住 clutter 雜亂；混亂；弄亂 cognitive 認(rèn)知的

collapse 倒塌；衰退；病倒；崩潰 column 專欄；圓柱 columnist 專欄作家

come into being 出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生，存在 come into vogue 流行起來(lái) comforter 被子 commercial 商業(yè)的 commit 犯（罪）；致力于 commitment 承諾；忠誠(chéng) comparable 比得上的 compel 強(qiáng)波，使不得不 compelling 引人注目的

complement 補(bǔ)充物，襯托物 comprehensive 綜合的 confront（+with）面對(duì) consensus 一致同意 controversy 爭(zhēng)議 conventional 傳統(tǒng)的

correspond 通信；一致，相符合 council 委員會(huì)

count on 依賴，指望 counter 計(jì)算器；柜臺(tái)；（棋盤(pán)游戲的）籌碼 countless 無(wú)數(shù)的

cover the expenses of 支付...的費(fèi)用 crack 破解（難題，密碼）；破裂 cracker 薄脆餅干 anticipate 預(yù)期，預(yù)料 credit 學(xué)分

crucial 重要的；決定性的 curb 路邊

curl 盤(pán)繞，纏繞 curler 卷發(fā)夾

curse 禍害；詛咒，咒罵 damp 潮濕的

dampen 抑制；使…沮喪 define 確定，界定 definitely 一定 democratic 民主的

demonstrate 證明；展示；示威 depict 描繪

depress 使沮喪，使蕭條 device 裝置，設(shè)備；策略 devise 遺贈(zèng)；設(shè)計(jì)，發(fā)明 dialect 方言 dig 挖掘

diligent 勤奮的 diner 小餐館

diploma 畢業(yè)/學(xué)業(yè)證書(shū)；獎(jiǎng)狀 diplomatic 外交的

1/4 direct 直接的

disguise 掩飾，假扮

display 陳列，展覽；顯示；炫耀 distinguished 杰出的，獨(dú)特的 domesticate 馴養(yǎng)

dramatic 劇烈的，顯著的 dried 干燥的，干涸的

dump 傾倒；拋棄，丟棄；拋售；拋卸；垃圾場(chǎng)；軍需供應(yīng)站 dustbin 垃圾桶

economic 緊急實(shí)惠的 eel 鰻魚(yú)，鱔

eliminate 消除，排除 emission 排放 employee 雇員 employee 雇主

encounter 偶遇，邂逅；遭遇 enroll 使加入；注冊(cè)，登記 entrepreneur 企業(yè)家 essence 精髓，精華

essential 必要的；本質(zhì)的 estate 房地產(chǎn)

exceed 超過(guò)，超越 excel 擅長(zhǎng)（+in/at）；優(yōu)于，超過(guò) excellent 極好的，優(yōu)秀的

exclusive 排斥；排外的；專門的；獨(dú)家新聞 excursion 遠(yuǎn)足；短途旅游 executive 總經(jīng)理；行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；執(zhí)行的（CEO）exert 發(fā)揮；運(yùn)用；盡（力）；施加 exert an influence on...exploit 利用；開(kāi)拓，挖掘；剝削 exposure 暴露；曝光

extend one’s sincere gratitude to 向…表達(dá)某人誠(chéng)摯的感謝之情 exterior 外部的 facility 天賦，才能 fascinate 吸引 fatigue 疲勞

feasible 可行的，可能的 finance 財(cái)政，金融

first-class=leading 一流的 fleet 船隊(duì)，車隊(duì)，機(jī)群 flour 面粉

flow 流動(dòng)（v.&n.）；流傳，傳播 for sale 待售的 fossil fuel 化石燃料 foster interests 培養(yǎng)興趣 frontier 前沿；邊界

fundamentally 根本地，基礎(chǔ)地

generate 生育；引起，造成，導(dǎo)致，促進(jìn) give rise to 引起，導(dǎo)致 give 讓步，提供

gossip 流言蜚語(yǔ)，謠言；閑談 govern 治理；管理；統(tǒng)治；支配 grace 優(yōu)雅；慈悲

grant 授予；允許，同意 grip=grasp 緊握住

guideline 指導(dǎo)方針，準(zhǔn)則 timeless 永恒的

hang up 掛起（衣服）；掛斷電話 harvest（莊稼）收獲 hated 令人憎恨的 haul 拖拉

hinder 阻礙，妨礙；后面的 Holland 荷蘭

hollow 空的；凹陷的；窟窿

humanity 人類；人性；人文學(xué)科 hut 棚屋，茅舍

identical 完全相同的，同一的 identify 確定，確認(rèn)，識(shí)別 identity 身份

ignorant 愚昧無(wú)知的 illustrate 闡明；圖解 illustration 插圖 immense 巨大的

implicit/underlying 含蓄的，深層的 impose 強(qiáng)制實(shí)施，施加

in essence 本質(zhì)上，大體上；其實(shí)

in terms of 就...來(lái)說(shuō)；關(guān)于...；在...方面 in token of 作為...的象征 Inc（incorporation）公司 incoming 進(jìn)來(lái)的 index 索引

index finger 食指 inevitable 不可避免的

infant 初學(xué)者；嬰兒，幼兒，未成年 inferior（superior）次的，差的 infrastructure 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施；公共建設(shè) inherit 繼承

innovation 創(chuàng)新；新發(fā)明 install 安裝

instant noodles 方便面

instant 即刻的；即食的；速溶的 integrate with 與…結(jié)合在一起

integrate 整合，合并，使一體化；整體的 integrate...into 融入

intellectual 智力的；聰明的；知識(shí)分子 interest 利益；利息

interfere（+with）干預(yù)，妨礙，打擾 interior 內(nèi)部的

interpretation 闡釋，說(shuō)明 intervention 干預(yù)

intimate 親密的，私人的 investigation 調(diào)查，研究

irrational consumption 非理性消費(fèi) Jesus 耶穌

join hand 攜手合作 junior 大三學(xué)生

keep back 抑制；隱瞞 leaf 葉子；人生

2/4 lean toward 偏向于… leap 跳躍；騰飛 lease 租約，租契

less than 一點(diǎn)也不，一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有 limp 軟的；不強(qiáng)壯地；（因腿受傷）跛行 literacy rate 識(shí)字率 literature 文學(xué)（作品），文獻(xiàn) livelihood 生計(jì) logical 合乎邏輯的 loyal 忠誠(chéng)的 lump 膨脹

luxury奢侈（的）；奢侈品 magnificent 華麗的；高貴的 maintain 維修

make time for 為...騰出時(shí)間 Mandarin 普通話 margin 邊緣

matchmaking 做媒（牽線搭橋）mayor 市長(zhǎng)

mechanic 技工，機(jī)修工；手工的 Mediterranean 地中海 merit 值得，應(yīng)得；功德

migrant workers 流動(dòng)工人；農(nóng)民工 migrant 候鳥(niǎo)；移民 Millennium 千禧一代 mind-set 心態(tài)；思維模式 minimal 微小的，極少的 mobility 移動(dòng)性 muscle 肌肉

mutually 相互地；彼此 nail down 確定，明確 narrative 故事，記敘文 nightmare 噩夢(mèng)

Not until that time did I realize how important I am in your heart.obligation 債務(wù)；義務(wù)，責(zé)任；證券；契約；恩惠

occupation 職業(yè)，行業(yè) ocean liner 遠(yuǎn)洋客輪 odd 奇數(shù)的；古怪的 odds 概率，可能性

on the side of 站在…的立場(chǎng)

One can’t make bricks without straw.巧婦難為無(wú)米之炊

outdated 過(guò)時(shí)的 outlet 出口，出路

outperform 勝過(guò)，做得比...好 outweigh 比…更重要；超出

overtake（=go beyond）趕上；超越；超車；突然襲擊 pants 褲子 paper 論文 passive 被動(dòng)的 paste 膏；粘貼 peasant 農(nóng)民

penalty 懲罰；死刑

perceive 理解；意識(shí)的；發(fā)覺(jué)，警覺(jué) perception 知覺(jué)，觀念 perceptive 感知的 perfume 香水；香氣 permanently 永遠(yuǎn)地

perspective 觀點(diǎn)，角度；遠(yuǎn)景 phase（月亮）盈虧；階段；時(shí)機(jī) pinch 一小撮；掐，捏，夾 pitch 程度，強(qiáng)度，高度 plague 蝗/鼠災(zāi)，瘟疫 Polish 波蘭（人）的 populous 人口多的 post 張貼；發(fā)布 postpone 推遲

precisely 精確地；清晰地 predator 捕食者 pregnant 懷孕

procedure 程序；進(jìn)程

productive 多產(chǎn)的；有效率的；有創(chuàng)造性的 productivity 生產(chǎn)力 proficient 能力，水平profound 深刻的

promise 承諾；有…的可能 proportion 比例

prospect 前景，希望；景色；勘探 pull oneself together 使振作起來(lái) pumpkin 南瓜 purple 紫色的

radical 激進(jìn)的；激進(jìn)分子 random 任意地，隨意地 raw 生的；未經(jīng)加工的 reap 收割；收獲

recession（經(jīng)濟(jì)）蕭條 recreation 娛樂(lè) recruit 雇傭，；招聘；動(dòng)員；征募 reflect on 仔細(xì)思考

regard 就...而言，關(guān)于...；認(rèn)為，看作 region 地區(qū)；范圍；部位 relate 講述

relatively 相當(dāng)?shù)兀幌鄬?duì)地 remains 殘留物；遺址 renewal 更新；重建 reservation 保留；預(yù)訂

resort 名勝；訴諸；求助（n.）；憑借（n.）respectively 各自地，分別地，依次地 restraint 控制，抑制；安全帶

retailer 零售商 proverb 諺語(yǔ)

retrain 再教育，再訓(xùn)練 retreat 撤退；隱居處 reveal 揭露

revenue 財(cái)政收入（稅收）；利益

reverse 改變；推翻；反轉(zhuǎn)，扭轉(zhuǎn)；倒退 rosy 玫瑰色的；樂(lè)觀的；愉快的

3/4 rough 粗糙的；粗魯?shù)?；未?jīng)加工的 roughly 大致上，粗略的 run into 碰撞，撞上 rust（鐵）銹

sack 麻布袋；解雇

satisfied（指人）感到滿意的

satisfying=satisfactory（指物）令人感到滿意的

scholar 學(xué)者

scope 視野；范圍 scrape 擦傷；刮除 script 劇本；手稿 secure 保證；保護(hù) set 布置

shed 工棚，工房，庫(kù)房；流出（+tears）sheet 床單；一張；紙 shiver 顫抖，哆嗦 slope 斜面，斜坡 so-called 所謂的 solution 溶劑

sophisticated 久經(jīng)世故的；精密的；尖端的 sort 整理，分類

source 源泉；根源；水源 span 持續(xù)的時(shí)間；期間 resource 資源；財(cái)力

spark a heated discussion 引起激烈的討論 special offer 特價(jià) split 分開(kāi)，分裂 spray 噴灑

stack 堆起，摞起 staple food 主食

staple 基本的，主要的 stereotype 刻板印象 stoop 俯身，彎腰

strain 拉緊；扭傷；使過(guò)度勞累；壓力 strip（+off）剝?nèi)?，除去，脫?strive 努力，奮斗 struggle 努力，奮斗

stuff 填/塞滿；東西；原料；讓...吃飽 stuffed toys 毛絨玩具 submit 提交

subsequent 隨后的 sufficient 充分的 suggest 表明，暗示

superficial 表面的；膚淺的 surge 激增，突然上漲：（情感的）突發(fā)，涌現(xiàn)

sustain 延續(xù)，維持，支撐；承擔(dān)；忍受 terminal 終端；致命的；晚期的；終點(diǎn)站 the Communist Party 共產(chǎn)黨 therapy 治療；療法

There is many reasons accounting for（解釋，說(shuō)明）...tip 訣竅；小費(fèi)；尖端 tobacco 香煙，煙草

torture 折磨，使痛苦 toss 扔，擲，拋

tremendous 巨大的；極好的 trigger（扣）扳機(jī)；觸發(fā) tube 管子

ultimately 最終；根本 uneasy 不安的 upfront 預(yù)付地

Valentine’s Day 情人節(jié) vanish 消失，突然不見(jiàn)

vary from person to person 因人而異 venture 冒險(xiǎn)（事業(yè)）verification 驗(yàn)證，確認(rèn)

vigorous 強(qiáng)有力的，強(qiáng)健的，精力充沛的 violation 侵犯；違反

virtual（計(jì)算機(jī)）虛擬的；實(shí)際上的 virtue 優(yōu)點(diǎn)；美德 virus 病毒

vision 視力；眼力；想象；美景 visual 視覺(jué)的，視力的 vogue 時(shí)尚（的），流行（的）voyage 航行；航程

vulnerable 易受傷害的，有弱點(diǎn)的 walker 助步車

whereas 然而；鑒于；反之 wire 電線，金屬絲 wireless 無(wú)線電（的）

With/in regard to 就...而言，至于，關(guān)于 wrap up 拆開(kāi)（包裹）

Yogi 瑜伽師（yoga 瑜伽）

4/4

第五篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)經(jīng)典常用短語(yǔ)常用作文詞匯等

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)常用短語(yǔ)常用作文詞匯等 一

開(kāi)頭萬(wàn)能公式

1． 開(kāi)頭萬(wàn)能公式一：名人名言

有人問(wèn)了，“我沒(méi)有記住名言，怎么辦？尤其是英語(yǔ)名言？”，很好辦：編！原理：我們看到的東西很多都是創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的，包括我們欣賞的文章也是，所以盡管編，但是一定要聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有道理呦！而且沒(méi)準(zhǔn)將來(lái)我們就是名人呢！對(duì)吧？ 經(jīng)典句型：

A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”（適用于已記住的名言）

It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（適用于自編名言）更多經(jīng)典句型：

As everyone knows, No one can deny that…

2． 開(kāi)頭萬(wàn)能公式二：數(shù)字統(tǒng)計(jì)

原理：要想更有說(shuō)服力，就應(yīng)該用實(shí)際的數(shù)字來(lái)說(shuō)明。原則上在議論文當(dāng)中十不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)虛假數(shù)字的，可是在考試的時(shí)候哪管那三七二十一，但編無(wú)妨，只要我有東西寫(xiě)就萬(wàn)事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型： According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起來(lái)這個(gè)數(shù)字文鄒鄒的，其實(shí)都是編造出來(lái)的，下面隨便幾個(gè)題目我們都可以這樣編造：

Honesty：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，大學(xué)生向老師請(qǐng)假的理由當(dāng)中78%都是假的。

Travel by Bike：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，85%的人在近距離旅行的時(shí)候首選的交通工具是自行車。

Youth：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，在某個(gè)大學(xué)，學(xué)生的課余時(shí)間的70%都是在休閑娛樂(lè)。

Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。更多句型：

A recent statistics shows that … 結(jié)尾萬(wàn)能公式

1． 結(jié)尾萬(wàn)能公式一：如此結(jié)論

說(shuō)完了，畢竟要?dú)w納一番，相信各位都有這樣的經(jīng)歷，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)長(zhǎng)篇大論，到最后終于冒出個(gè)“總而言之”之類的話，我們馬上停止開(kāi)小差，等待領(lǐng)導(dǎo)說(shuō)結(jié)束語(yǔ)。也就是說(shuō)，開(kāi)頭很好，也必然要有一個(gè)精彩的結(jié)尾，讓讀者眼前一亮，這樣，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：

Obviously（此為過(guò)渡短語(yǔ)）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果讀者很難“顯而見(jiàn)之”，但說(shuō)無(wú)妨，就當(dāng)讀者的眼光太淺罷了！更多過(guò)渡短語(yǔ)： to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 更多句型：

Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…

2． 結(jié)尾萬(wàn)能公式二：如此建議

如果說(shuō)“如此結(jié)論”是結(jié)尾最沒(méi)用的廢話，那么“如此建議”應(yīng)該是最有價(jià)值的廢話了，因?yàn)檫@里雖然也是廢話，但是卻用了一個(gè)很經(jīng)典的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句型。拽！Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.這里的虛擬語(yǔ)氣用得很經(jīng)典，因?yàn)榭脊俦緛?lái)經(jīng)常考這個(gè)句型，而如果我們自己寫(xiě)出來(lái)，你說(shuō)考官會(huì)怎么想呢？ 更多句型：

Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.寫(xiě)作的“七項(xiàng)基本原則”

一、長(zhǎng)短句原則

工作還得一張一馳呢，老讓讀者讀長(zhǎng)句，累死人！寫(xiě)一個(gè)短小精辟的句子，相反，卻可以起到畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主題：

As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.如此可見(jiàn)，長(zhǎng)短句結(jié)合，抑揚(yáng)頓挫，豈不爽哉？牢記！

強(qiáng)烈建議：在文章第一段（開(kāi)頭）用一長(zhǎng)一短，且先長(zhǎng)后短；在文章主體部分，要先用一個(gè)短句解釋主要意思，然后在闡述幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)的時(shí)候采用先短后長(zhǎng)的句群形式，定會(huì)讓主體部分妙筆生輝！文章結(jié)尾一般用一長(zhǎng)一短就可以了。

二、主題句原則

國(guó)有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否則會(huì)給人造成“群龍無(wú)首”之感！相信各位讀過(guò)一些破爛文學(xué)，故意把主體隱藏在文章之內(nèi)，結(jié)果造成我們稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉勸各位一定要寫(xiě)一個(gè)主題句，放在文章的開(kāi)頭（保險(xiǎn)型）或者結(jié)尾，讓讀者一目了然，必會(huì)平安無(wú)事！特別提示：隱藏主體句可是要冒險(xiǎn)的！

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主題句）.Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一二三原則

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)講話總是第一部分、第一點(diǎn)、第二點(diǎn)、第三點(diǎn)、第二部分、第一點(diǎn)… 如此羅嗦?？僧吘惯€是條理清楚?？脊賯兛次恼乱脖厝灰ㄟ^(guò)這些關(guān)鍵性的“標(biāo)簽”來(lái)判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，條理自然。破解方法很簡(jiǎn)單，只要把下面任何一組的詞匯加入到你的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)前就清楚了。1）first, second, third, last（不推薦，原因：俗）

2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推薦，原因：俗）

3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推薦，原因：俗）4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推薦，原因：俗）5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（強(qiáng)烈推薦）6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（強(qiáng)烈推薦）

7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（強(qiáng)烈推薦）8）most important of all, moreover, finally 9）on the one hand, on the other hand（適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況）10）for one thing, for another thing（適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況）

建議：不僅僅在寫(xiě)作中注意，平時(shí)說(shuō)話的時(shí)候也應(yīng)該條理清楚！

四、短語(yǔ)優(yōu)先原則

寫(xiě)作時(shí)，尤其是在考試時(shí)，如果使用短語(yǔ)，有兩個(gè)好處：其

一、用短語(yǔ)會(huì)使文章增加亮點(diǎn)，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡(jiǎn)單，看不到一個(gè)自己不認(rèn)識(shí)的短語(yǔ)，必然會(huì)看你低一等。相反，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)亮點(diǎn)—精彩的短語(yǔ)，那么你的文章定會(huì)得高分了。其

二、關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻思維短路，只有湊字?jǐn)?shù)，怎么辦？用短語(yǔ)是一個(gè)辦法！比如： I cannot bear it.可以用短語(yǔ)表達(dá)：I cannot put up with it.I want it.可以用短語(yǔ)表達(dá)：I am looking forward to it.這樣字?jǐn)?shù)明顯增加，表達(dá)也更準(zhǔn)確

二

研究范文的思路,背下經(jīng)典的句子,自己研究幾個(gè)作文的套句.開(kāi)頭,結(jié)尾怎么寫(xiě),中間怎么寫(xiě).研究一個(gè)萬(wàn)能結(jié)構(gòu).比如說(shuō),開(kāi)頭:....is an issue that is discussed daily in both private and public section.引入文章主題.第一段:to begin with,接論據(jù).第二段,furthermore,接第2個(gè)論據(jù).第三段:last but not least 接第3個(gè)論據(jù).結(jié)尾:personally, I fully sanction(認(rèn)為).....接結(jié)論.四級(jí)作文最重要--不要有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤,如果語(yǔ)法不太好,建議先看看語(yǔ)法書(shū).四六級(jí)寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)句型

（1）用于描寫(xiě)漫畫(huà)、圖表的常用句型

①As the graph depicts , …

②From the cartoon /picture , we can see that …

③According to the statistics shown in the first /second graph , ④The table shows / indicates / reveals that …

⑤It can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that …

（2）用于句首提出論題或現(xiàn)象的句型

①Recently , …h(huán)as become the focus of the society.②…h(huán)as been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.③Nowadays there is a growing concern for … ④Nowadays it is common to hear /see …

⑤…h(huán)as become a common occurrence in our daily life.⑥Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of … ⑦It is only during the last /past few years that man has become generally aware that … ⑧There is an old / popular saying / proverb which says / goes … ⑨In recent years , there is a general tendency … ⑩Nowadays … has become a problem we have to face.（3）用于比較、闡述不同觀點(diǎn)的常用句型

①Some people like / prefer …, while others are / feel inclined to …

②There are different opinions among people as to … Some believe … whole hold … ③Some people claim that … is superior to … Others , however , disagree with it.④Some people believe … Others maintain … Still others claim … ⑤Some people suggest … Others , however , hold the opposite opinion.⑥On the one hand , people tend to … On the other hand , they feel … ⑦Some people argue that … Others , in contrast , believe that …

⑧Although more and more people come to believe … there are still others who insist that …

⑨On the contrary , there are people in favor of …

⑩There are some people who hold different opinions about …

（4）用于陳述個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)/想法的常用句型

①M(fèi)y own experience tells me that …

②In my opinion , we should attack more importance to … ③As for my own idea about … I believe … ④As far as I am concerned , I plan to … ⑤Personally , I prefer …

⑥In my view , both sides are partly right in that … ⑦But for me , I would rather … ⑧My own point of view is that …

⑨In conclusion , I support the statement that … ⑩As regards me , I tend to choose …

（5）用于書(shū)信寫(xiě)作的常用句型

①Thank you for your letter of …

②It is a pleasure for me invite you on behalf of … to accept … ③Thanks so much for your letter , which arrived … ④I am writing to you with reference to … ⑤I am writing to you in connection with … ⑥I would be grateful if you could / would … ⑦I would like to know some information on … ⑧It will be appreciated if you can / could … ⑨I would also like to know if you can / could … ⑩I look forward to hearing from you.（6）用于結(jié)尾的常用句型

①From what has been discussed / mentioned above , we may conclude that … ②Therefore , it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that … ③It is high time that something was done about …

④From all the reasons / consideration above , it is evident / clear / obvious that … ⑤Taking into account all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that …

⑥Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined / discussed / presented , I strongly recommend that …

⑦It is clear , therefore , that …

⑧All in all ,what really matters is , in fact , to … ⑨It is essential that effective measure be taken to …

⑩From what has been discussed above , we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that …

⑾ In conclusion ,the most important is … ⑿ On the whole , it is high time that every one … ⒀ As a result , we should take some effective steps to …

⒁ Judging by the figures / statistics , it is not difficult to see that … ⒂ Only in this way / in so doing , can be really …

四六級(jí)寫(xiě)作基本句式

以下是短文寫(xiě)作中使用率最高、覆蓋面最廣的基本句式，每組句式的功能相同或相似，考生可根據(jù)自己的情況選擇其中的1－2個(gè)，做到能夠熟練正確地仿寫(xiě)或套用。

1．表示原因

1）There are three reasons for this．

2）The reasons for this are as follows．

3）The reason for this is obvious．

4）The reason for this is not far to seek．

5）The reason for this is that．．．

6）We have good reason to believe that．．．

例如：

There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly, people’s living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly, most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least, more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life

注：如考生寫(xiě)第一個(gè)句子沒(méi)有把握，可將其改寫(xiě)成兩個(gè)句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life． There are three reasons for this．這樣寫(xiě)可以避免套用中的表達(dá)失誤。

2．表示好處

1）It has the following advantages．

2）It does us a lot of good．

3）It benefits us quite a lot． 4）It is beneficial to us．

5）It is of great benefit to us．

例如：

Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better, and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore, reading extensively is of great benefit to us.三

1.Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.2.Nothing is more important than to receive education.3.We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.4.There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.5.It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.6.There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.7.An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won’t create(produce)any pollution.8.The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.9.So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.10.Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.{by no means = in no way = on no account 一點(diǎn)也不} 11.The harder you work, the more progress you make.12.By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.13.Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.14.On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.15.It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.16.Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.19.There is no one but longs to go to college.20.Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.21.It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.22.Summer is sultry.That is the reason why I don’t like it.23.For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.24.Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.25.It pays to help others.26.The progress of thee society is based on harmony.27.We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試圖表作文經(jīng)典用詞總結(jié)

上升：increase rise ascend core surge go up climb mount level up 下降: decrease fall drop descend decline reduce lessen level down 平穩(wěn):stable steady remain/maintain/keep/be the same as/similar to 波動(dòng):fluctuate fluctuation rise and falls up and down 占:occupy take up account for gain

而:while however whereas on the other hand actually/in fact 相比:by contract on the contrary likewise compared with 最高點(diǎn):the highest the top the summit the peak the most 最低點(diǎn):bottom less least rock bottom 平均:mean average

趨勢(shì):tendancy trend inclination 預(yù)見(jiàn):prediction 達(dá)到頂峰: mount to

在***中占***:***gain the percentage of 有一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的過(guò)程:a stable period can be seen

〈已經(jīng)過(guò)刪減〉

I.用于文章主題句

1.不用說(shuō)… It goes without saying that子句=(It is)needless to say(that)子句= It is obvious that子句= Obviously, S.+ V.例∶不用說(shuō)早睡早起是值得的。It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.2.…是不可能的;無(wú)法… There is no Ving= There is no way of Ving.= There is no possibility of Ving.例∶不可否認(rèn)的;成功的事業(yè)關(guān)鍵在于健康的身心。There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.3.我深信… I am greatly convinced(that)子句= I am greatly assured(that)子句

例∶我深信預(yù)防勝于治療。I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.4.在各種…之中… Among various kinds of …, …= Of all the …, …

例∶在各種運(yùn)動(dòng)中;我尤其喜歡慢跑。Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.5.…是很容易證明的。It can be easily proved(that)子句

例∶時(shí)間最珍貴是很容易證明的。It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.6.…無(wú)論如何強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過(guò) … cannot be overemphasized

例∶交通安全的重要性無(wú)論如何強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過(guò)。The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.7.就我的看法…；我認(rèn)為… In my opinion, …= To my mind, ….As far as I am concerned, …

例∶就我的看法;打電動(dòng)玩具既花費(fèi)時(shí)間也有害健康。In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.8.就我所知 …As far as my knowledge is concerned, …

例∶就我所知;下列方法對(duì)我?guī)椭艽蟆s far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me.9.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地… There is no doubt(that)子句

例∶毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地近視在我國(guó)的年輕人中是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.10.根據(jù)我個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)… According to my personal experience, …= Based on my personal experience, …

例∶根據(jù)我個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)微笑已帶給我許多好處。According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.11.在我認(rèn)識(shí)的人當(dāng)中也許沒(méi)有一個(gè)人比…更值得我尊敬。Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than …

例∶在我認(rèn)識(shí)的人當(dāng)中也許沒(méi)有一個(gè)人比我的英文老師張老師更值得我尊敬。Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than Miss Chang, my English teacher.13.(A)隨著人口的增加… With the increase/growth of the population, … 例∶隨著臺(tái)灣經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展許多社會(huì)問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生了。With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.14.(A)在這信息的年代…扮演重要的角色。In the age of information and communication, … plays an important role.(B)在今日工業(yè)社會(huì)中…是生命不可或缺的。In today's industrial society, … is indispensable to life.例∶在這信息的年代計(jì)算機(jī)扮演非常重要的角色。In this age of information and communication, the computer plays an extremely important role.16.世上沒(méi)有什么比…更令我高興。Nothing in the world can delight me so much as … 例∶世上沒(méi)有什么比到快餐店吃漢堡更令我高興。Nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast-food restaurants.17.… 是必要的 It is necessary/important/essential/ proper/ urgent that S(should)V 例∶我們當(dāng)保持公共場(chǎng)所清潔是應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)摹t is proper that we(should)keep the public places clean.18.每當(dāng)我聽(tīng)到…;我就忍不住感到興奮。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.例∶每當(dāng)我想到我家附近那一條清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲傷。Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.19.It is said(that)子句 It is thought(that)子句 It is known(that)子句 It is reported(that)子句 It is expected(that)子句 It is estimated(that)子 It is believed(that)子句

例∶一般相信閱讀增加我們的知識(shí)、擴(kuò)大我們的心胸。It is believed(that)reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.21.俗語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好：「…」。Well goes an old saying, “…”= As an old saying goes(runs, says), “…”

例∶俗話說(shuō)得好：「誠(chéng)實(shí)為上策」。As an old saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy.” 22.(A)…用下列方法… … in the following ways.(B)…有三個(gè)主要理由?！?for three major reasons.(C)要…;至少我們可做三件事。To …, there are at least three things we can do.例∶(A)我用下列方法增加信心。I increase my confidence in the following ways.(B)人們學(xué)外語(yǔ)有三個(gè)理由。People learn a foreign language for three major reasons.(C)為了維護(hù)健康我們每天至少可做三件事。To keep healthy, there are at least three things we can do every day.II.用于文章承轉(zhuǎn)句

23.那就是(說(shuō))…；亦即…That is to say, …= That is, …= Namely, …

例∶我們生活需有規(guī)律。也就是說(shuō)早睡早起戒除煙酒。We need to live a regular life.That is, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.24.(A)基于這個(gè)理由… For this reason, …(B)為了這個(gè)目的… For this purpose, … 例∶基于這個(gè)理由我已決定把行醫(yī)作為未來(lái)的職業(yè)。For this reason, I have decided to take practicing medicine as my future career.25.我們有理由相信…We have reasons to believe(that)子句

例∶我們有理由相信體罰應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格禁止。We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited.四

1)先后次序關(guān)系：at this time;first;second;at last;next；previously;simultaneously;eventually；last but not least；to begin with；to start with；to end with；finally；seeing...；since then；first of all；afterwards;following this;preceding this.2)因果關(guān)系：because；because of this；being that；another important factor／reason of...； since； as； for； in that...； owing to； due to； for the reason that...； in view of； the reason seems to be obvious;there are about...；for this reason;as a result of this； therefore；...and so...； consequently；as a result； thus； hence； so；so that...； in consequence； as a consequence； accordingly;inevitably;under these conditions;thereupon.3)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but；even so；however；though；even though；independent of；reckless of ；despite that； in spite of that； regardless of;yet...；and yet； but unless.4)并列關(guān)系： and;also；too；as well as；either...，or...；both...and...5)(補(bǔ)充)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系： furthermore；moreover；further；In this way ；still； not only...but also...； not...but...； in addition(to)；additionally, much more interesting, more specifically, next, besides； as far as...is concerned;moreover；in other words；along this line of consideration；on the one hand...，on the other hand...； even； as a poplar saying goes...；in order to do it...;meanwhile； at the same time；

accordingly； In the first place...，in the second place...;equally important;of even greater appeal.6)比較關(guān)系： similarly;in like manner, in comparison with；when compared with；compared with；when in fact...;like...； likewise； similarly important； apart from(doing)...；...rather than...，by doing so ；both…and...;in the same way;not only...but(also).7)對(duì)照(不同點(diǎn))：yet;still;for all of that;notwithstanding;rather;neither...nor;although;though;but;however;something is just the other way around；yet;conversely； unlike； opposed to;as opposed to ； in contrast(to)； by way of；on the contrary；different from this；as opposed to this； nevertheless;contrary to； whereas； while；but on the other hand.8)舉例關(guān)系:for example； for instance； in this case;namely； as you know； you may as／say； as he explains； like； such as； a case in point is...;consider...； in particular；including...；for one thing...，for another...；put it simply；stated roughly； as an illustration，I will say...； a good example(of...)would be...；to detail this，I would like to...； It is interesting to note that...；in this situation;as proof;take the case of;take as example(something)； as for;as regards； as to； according to;on this occasion.9)強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)系：in fact;especially；particularly；moreover；naturally;what is more important； in reality； certainly;of course;indeed;in particular；not to mention...；believe it or not；undeniably;other thing being equal；it is certain／sure that...；to be strict;to be true；by definition;definitely;undoubtedly;without a doubt;in truth, in any event(不論怎樣);without reservation(毫無(wú)保留地);obviously, not only..but(also...), both...and...10)條件關(guān)系: if；unless;lest；provided that；if it is the case；in this sense；once...；if possible；if necessary；if so；if not all;if anything.11)歸納總結(jié)類： in other words；on the whole;in sum;therefore；hence；in short；in brief；to sum up；in conclusion;in summary； to conclude； the conclusion can be drawn that...;for this reason;in short.12)地點(diǎn)關(guān)系：beyond;opposite to;adjacent to;at the same place;there;over;in the middle;around;in front of;in the distance;farther;here and there;above;below;at the right;between;on this side.13)目的關(guān)系：with this object;for this purpose;in order that;in this way, since;so that;on that account;in case;with a view to;for the same reason.14)重申關(guān)系：in other words;that is to say;as I have said;again;once again.15)結(jié)果關(guān)系：accordingly;thus;consequently;hence;therefore;thereupon;inevitably;under these conditions;as a result;as a consequence;because;because of;so that;not only...but(also...);so...as to.16)順序關(guān)系：first;second;thirdly;next;then;at the outset(在開(kāi)始時(shí))，following this;at this time;now;at this point;after;afterward;after this;subsequently;lastly;finally;consequently;before this;previously;preceding this;simultaneously;concurrently(同時(shí)).17)時(shí)間關(guān)系：at once;immediately;at length;in the mean time;meanwhile;at the same time;in the end;then;soon;not long after;later;at once;at last;finally;some time ago;at present;all of a sudden;from this time on;from time to time;since then;when;whenever;next point;a few minutes later;formerly;as;once;since;occasionally;in a moment;shortly;whereupon;previously