第一篇：指示代詞用法小結(jié)

指示代詞用法小結(jié)

指示代詞（demonstrative pronoun）是表示指示概念的代詞，即用來(lái)指示或標(biāo)識(shí)人或事物的代詞。指示代詞與定冠詞和人稱代詞一樣，都具有指定的含義，用來(lái)起指示作用，或用來(lái)代替前面已提到過(guò)的名詞。

指示代詞的分類

指示代詞分單數(shù)（this / that）和復(fù)數(shù)（these / those）兩種形式，既可作限定詞又可做代詞，例如：

單數(shù)

復(fù)數(shù)

限定詞：This girl is Mary.Those men are my teachers.代詞： This is Mary.Those are my teachers.指示代詞的句法功能

指示代詞在句子中可充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。

1、作主語(yǔ)

This is the way to do it.這事兒就該這樣做。

2、作賓語(yǔ)

I like this better than that.我喜歡這個(gè)甚至那個(gè)。

3、作介詞賓語(yǔ)

I don't say no to that.我并未拒絕那個(gè)。

There is no fear of that.那并不可怕。

4、作表語(yǔ)

My point is this.我的觀點(diǎn)就是如此。

5、作定語(yǔ)

This room is mine.這間房間是我的。

指示代詞的用法

1、this和these指在時(shí)間或空間上較近的人或者事物，that和those指在時(shí)間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或者事物。例如：

This is a pen and that’s an eraser.這是一支筆，那是塊橡皮擦。

This is a boy and those are girls.這是個(gè)男孩，那些是女孩。

2、指示代詞所指的對(duì)象取決于說(shuō)話者和聽(tīng)話者共同熟悉的語(yǔ)境。如： I liked this movie today better than that concert last night.我喜歡今天的這個(gè)電影，勝過(guò)昨晚的那個(gè)音樂(lè)會(huì)。

3、指示代詞具有名詞和形容詞性質(zhì)，既可指人也可指物。但是在相當(dāng)于名詞時(shí)一般指物多于指人。如：

I found this wallet.I found this.我找到了這只皮夾子。我找到了這個(gè)。（this 等于 this wallet)Is she going to marry that man? 她打算跟那人結(jié)婚嗎？（that man不得用that代替，否則有輕蔑之意）

4、相當(dāng)于名詞的指示代詞在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，則指物指人均可。如： What are these? 那些是什么？（指物）

This is Bill.Is that George? 我是比爾。你是喬治嗎？（電話用語(yǔ)）（指人）

5、打電話過(guò)程中，介紹自己時(shí)通常用this指代“我”，不用代詞I；詢問(wèn)對(duì)方時(shí)用that指代“你”，不用代詞you。例如：

----Hello.This is Mary.Who’s that? 喂，我是瑪麗。你是誰(shuí)？

----This is Tom.我是湯姆。

6、當(dāng)指示代詞所指的事物已確定時(shí)，后面的指示代詞則用it或they代替。如： This(suit)is expensive, isn't it? 這套衣服昂貴，不是嗎？

“Are those yours?” “Yes, they are.” “那些是你的嗎？”“是的，它們是我的?！?/p>

注意事項(xiàng)

1、指示代詞在作主語(yǔ)時(shí)可指物也可指人，但作其他句子成分時(shí)只能指物，不能指人，例如：

(對(duì))That is my teacher.那是我的老師。（that作主語(yǔ)，指人）

(對(duì))He is going to marry this girl.他要和這個(gè)姑娘結(jié)婚。（this作限定詞）

(錯(cuò))He is going to marry this.（this作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不能指人）

(對(duì))I bought this.我買這個(gè)。(this指物，可作賓語(yǔ))

2、That和those可作定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，但this和 these不能，同時(shí)，在作先行詞時(shí)，只有those可指人，試比較：

(對(duì))He admired that which looked beautiful.他贊賞外表漂亮的東西。

(對(duì))He admired those who looked beautiful.他贊賞那些外表漂亮的人。（those指人）

(錯(cuò))He admired that who danced well.（that作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不能指人）

(對(duì))He admired those who danced well.他贊賞跳舞好的人。（those指人）

(對(duì))He admired those which looked beautiful.他贊賞那些外表漂亮的東西。（those指物）

3、在回答指示代詞作主語(yǔ)的特殊問(wèn)句時(shí)，如果指示代詞指人，其回答中的主語(yǔ)仍可以用相應(yīng)的指示代詞，也可以用it或者they;但指事物時(shí)，只能用it或者they。例如： Who’s that? That’s/It’s Liu Dehua.那是誰(shuí)？那是劉德華。

What are those? They are basketballs.那些是什么？那些是籃球。

4、在回答指示代詞作主語(yǔ)的一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，不管指示代詞指人還是指物，答語(yǔ)中都用it或they。例如：

Is this a ruler? Yes, it is.Are those your friends? No, they aren’t.5、為避免重復(fù)，有時(shí)可用 that 或 those 來(lái)代替前面已提到過(guò)的人或事物；用 this 或 these 來(lái)代替下文中將要提過(guò)的人或事物。例如：

She’s very friendly, and that is why we all love her.她很友善，這就是我們都喜歡她的原因。You needn’t do this — It’s pretty easy.你不必做這事，那相當(dāng)容易。

6、向別人介紹某個(gè)人時(shí)，要說(shuō)“ This is ….”，而不說(shuō)“ That is ….”，也不能說(shuō)“ He is ….”或“ She is ….”。介紹兩個(gè)人時(shí)，先用“ This is ….”介紹一個(gè)人，然后用“ That is ….”介紹另一個(gè)人。如：

This is Li Ming.Li Ming，this is Wei Hua.這是李明。李明，這是魏華。This is my brother and that is my sister.這是我哥哥，那是我妹妹。

7、one，that 和it的區(qū)別：

one表示泛指，that和it 表示特指。that與所指名詞為同類，但不是同一個(gè)，而it 與所指名詞為同一個(gè)。

I can't find my hat.I think I must buy one.(不定)我找不到我的帽子了。我想我該去買一頂。

The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同類但不同個(gè))你買的那頂帽子比我買的大。

I can't find my hat.I don' t know where I put it.(同一物)我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。

第二篇：代詞 用法小結(jié)

代詞

人稱代詞，物主代詞，反身代詞，指示代詞，疑問(wèn)代詞，不定代詞 一．人稱代詞： 單數(shù) 主格 復(fù)數(shù) 賓格

I 主格

賓格

第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 me we us you you you you it/she/he it/her/him

they them 1.主格作主語(yǔ),賓格作表語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ).He teaches _____(we)Chinese./ I’m waiting for you.(介詞的賓語(yǔ))/ It’s me.(賓格做表語(yǔ))2.三種人稱代詞并列充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí),順序?yàn)?

單數(shù):（二,三,一）——（You, she and I）復(fù)數(shù):（一,二,三）——(we , you and they)注：:若把責(zé)任擔(dān),第一人稱最當(dāng)先,(即若做錯(cuò)事時(shí),把第一人稱放在最前面.)eg： She and I have been to Beijing.（一般情況）Who broke the window ? I and Mike.（承擔(dān)責(zé)任）

注：it 還有一些特別的用法。

1)用在句型: “It seems that …”中.“看起來(lái)像?！?”

2）用作形式主語(yǔ),常用于 “It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.“做什么事情怎么樣”.3)用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.“輪到某人做sth”

4)用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.“到了該做sth的時(shí)候” 5)用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 從句”中.6)用作形式賓語(yǔ), 用來(lái)代替動(dòng)詞不定式.主語(yǔ)+make /think /feel/find + it + adj(名詞)+ to do sth.I find it difficult to remember these works.二.物主代詞：物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞 第一人稱 物主代詞 形容詞性 第二人稱 單數(shù)

第三人稱

單數(shù)

復(fù)數(shù)

單數(shù)

復(fù)數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)

my our your your its/his/her ours yours

yours

their 名詞性 mine its/his/hers theirs

1、形容詞性物主代詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，一般不單獨(dú)使用.eg: My name is Tom.(形容詞性物主代詞)

2、名詞性物主代詞，后面不能加名詞,名詞性物主代詞常與of 連用

He is a friend of mine(我的一個(gè)朋友)eg：Our classroom is as big as ______(they)./ This is a friend of ______(my).注: 1)名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+ 名詞(上題中mine=my friends)2)形容詞性物主代詞與own 連用時(shí),后面可跟名詞也可不跟名詞.My own house = a house of my own 三.反身代詞：“某某自己；親自” 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)

myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself/herself/itself themselves 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱

記憶小竅門(mén): 反身代詞有規(guī)律,第三人稱賓格加self.其余都要物主加self,復(fù)數(shù)ves來(lái)把f 替.反身代詞的常用搭配:

enjoy oneself過(guò)得愉快 hurt oneself受傷 teach oneself = learn..by oneslf自學(xué) help oneself to …隨便吃/用 look after oneself leave sb by oneself 讓某人獨(dú)自留下 dress oneself某人自己穿衣服 improve oneself提高某人自己 四.指示代詞 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) this that these those

1、指示代詞的用法：(1)this /these

①指較近的事和人: This is my pen./ These are my books.②指下文提到的事eg：Please remember this:No pains,no gains.(2)that /those ①指較遠(yuǎn)的事和人: That is her sister./ Those are her sisters.②指上面剛提到的事情eg：He was ill.That’s why he didn’t go to school.2.注意 that / those 常用來(lái)代替前面出現(xiàn)的人或物,以避免重復(fù).That代替可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞.Those 代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞.The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai.The books in that shop are cheaper than ___in this shop.A.this B.that C.one D.those 3.在電話用語(yǔ)中,this 代替自己,而that 代替對(duì)方.eg：This is Tom speaking.我是湯姆 Who is that ?你是誰(shuí)？

五、疑問(wèn)代詞：(P93考點(diǎn)五)用來(lái)提出問(wèn)題的代詞稱為疑問(wèn)代詞，通常位于句首，引出特殊疑問(wèn)句。

如：who 作主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)但不能放介詞后Who wants to go with me? whom who的賓格形式，作賓語(yǔ)To whom are you talking? whose who的所有格形式，作定語(yǔ)Whose wallet is this? 這是誰(shuí)的錢(qián)包？ what 可詢問(wèn)職業(yè)What’s your father? He is a teacher.who 可詢問(wèn)身份和姓名Who is the boy in red? He is Jim.what 指不定數(shù)目中的那一個(gè)?！笆裁矗囊恍?，”無(wú)范圍What would you like? which “ 哪一個(gè)”指在一定范圍內(nèi)特指的人或物Which bike is yours? 哪輛自行車是你的 六.不定代詞的區(qū)別.1.one與it 的區(qū)別: One 代替同類事物中的一種.而it代替上文中出現(xiàn)的某事物.This book is a good one.May I borrow it ? 2.some與any 的區(qū)別

①一般情況下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑問(wèn)句, He asked me for some paper , but I didn’t have any.②但在疑問(wèn)句中，若要表示說(shuō)話人希望得到肯定的回答或表示請(qǐng)求、建議時(shí)應(yīng)用some。此類句型常以could, would開(kāi)頭或what about /how about 的句中。May I have some water ?(希望得到肯定的回答)3.many與much的區(qū)別

Many+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù) ；Much+不可數(shù)名詞，都相當(dāng)于 a lot of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞 注:a lot of 常不用于否定句中.否定句中用many /much.4.a few /few /a little /little 的區(qū)別 表否定(幾乎沒(méi)有)表肯定(有一點(diǎn))修飾可數(shù)名詞 few a few 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 little a little 例題：His story is easy to read，there are _____ new words in it.Hurry up!There is _____ time left.5.each / every 的區(qū)別

★each 強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，表示兩者或兩者以上的人或物中的每一個(gè).every 強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一個(gè).There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street./ ____ student has read a story.★:each 可以與of 連用, each of 作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).而every 不能與of 連用.只能放在名詞前作定語(yǔ).Each of us _______(study)hard.6.no one 與none 的區(qū)別

no one 指人，表示沒(méi)有人, 不能與of 連用，謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)。

none of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/ 代詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，既指人又可指物，謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)。.The boys were all tired , but _____ of them stopped to have a rest..7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的區(qū)別 都 都不 兩者之間 任何一個(gè)

both neither either

any 三者或三者以上 all none There are many trees on ____ side of the river.A.both B.any C.either D.all 注意:

1).both 的否定詞是neither , all的否定詞是none.2).both of 作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)； neither of作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).Neither of the answers ______(be)right.Both of my parents _______(be)workers.3).詞組

A)both …and …連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).同義詞組: not only …but also … 反義詞組: neither … nor …

Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= ____ you _____ she like watching TV.B)either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither…nor… 既不……也不…… 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞實(shí)行就近原則.Neither you nor he ______(be)right.One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park.= _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park.C)either 也可用于否定句中的 “也” He doesn’t like the book,either.4)how many /how much 的回答:用none回答.Who 的回答:用no one 回答.； What 的回答: 用nothing 回答.How many students are there in the classroom ? __________.Who can answer the question ? _______.A.None B.No one C.Nothing 8.other /the other /others /the others 的區(qū)別 單數(shù) 泛指 復(fù)數(shù)

another三者或三者上的另一個(gè) others＝other＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)

(別的人或物，但不是全部)特指 one...the other 一個(gè)……另一個(gè) the others＝the other＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)(其余所有的人或物)注釋: 1)one …the other …表示兩者之間的一個(gè)…另一個(gè)…… 2)some… others… 表示一些…… 另一些……

3)another 表示三者及三者以上的不確定數(shù)目中的另一個(gè).只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù).★ another +數(shù)字+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞= 數(shù)字+ more +復(fù)數(shù)名詞

表示 “ 另外幾個(gè)……”another ten teachers=ten more teachers I have two brothers , one is a teacher , ______ is a worker.Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window 9.復(fù)合不定代詞.some thing any no every something anything nothing everything one someone body anyone no one everyone anybody nobody everybody somebody 注: 1.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).eg;Everything is ready.2.形容詞或else修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞或else須放在復(fù)合不定代詞后。： I want to give you something different to eat../ something else（其它的東西）

3.動(dòng)詞不定式修飾不定代詞時(shí), 動(dòng)詞不定式放在不定代詞之后.Would you like something to eat? 4.復(fù)合不定代詞用于反義疑問(wèn)句中，1)指人的不定代詞, everybody,nobody,anyone, 其反義疑問(wèn)句中的主語(yǔ)用he 或they.Everybody is here,aren’t they?

2)指物的不定代詞, everything ,something,nothing等 其反義疑問(wèn)句中的主語(yǔ)用 it.Everything ______(begin)to grow in spring , _______ _______ ? 5.any ,anything ,anyone, anyboby 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何……/任何物/任何人” everyone 指每個(gè)，人人，大家 不與of 連用 every one 指每個(gè)人、物

可與of 連用

6.Every one of us has seen the film.Everyone should do their best.

第三篇：代詞it基本用法小結(jié)

代詞it基本用法小結(jié)

人稱代詞it可以用來(lái)代替一個(gè)名詞、一個(gè)短語(yǔ)、一個(gè)從句或一個(gè)句子，以避免它們?cè)诰渲械闹貜?fù)。這時(shí)它可以指提到過(guò)的，也可以指未提到過(guò)的，在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。

(1)替代剛提到過(guò)的同一事物

This is our new car.I bought it yesterday.這是我們的新車。我昨天買的。(2)指動(dòng)物或不考慮性別的嬰兒

Where is the cat? It’s under the bed.貓?jiān)谀模克诖蚕旅?。The baby cried when it was hungry.這嬰兒餓時(shí)就哭。(3)在情景中確認(rèn)某人或事物

Who is it? It’s me.是誰(shuí)？(問(wèn)敲門(mén)人)是我呀。

Who’s it over there? It’s the milkman.那邊那人是誰(shuí)？那是送牛奶的 What’s this? It’s a map.這是什么？這是張地圖。(4)指代前句或后句所述的情況

He smokes in bed and I don’t like it.他在床上抽煙，我不喜歡他這樣。

When the factory closes, it will mean 500 workers will be out of work.工廠一旦關(guān)閉, 那就意味著要有500工人失業(yè)。

It would be ideal if you could join us.如果你能和我們合作，則太好了。(5)指時(shí)間、距離、天氣或環(huán)境等

What time is it? It’s seven o’clock.幾點(diǎn)了？7點(diǎn)。

It’s time for supper.=It’s time to have supper.是該吃晚飯的時(shí)候了。

It’s about 50 kilometers from here to my home.從這兒到我家約有五十公里。It is snowing.正在下雪

It was very quiet in the garden.公園里很寂靜。(6)用于籠統(tǒng)地談?wù)撃撤N情況 I cannot help it.我也沒(méi)辦法。(7)指最好的或最渴望得到事物

He thinks he’s it.他一直以為自己是最佳人選。That steak was really it!那牛排真是不錯(cuò)！

We’ve been looking for a house for months and I think this is it.我們找房子已經(jīng)找了好幾個(gè)月了, 我看這所就是我們要找的。it用作形式主語(yǔ)特殊句式小歸納

it用作形式主語(yǔ)有不少非常有用的句式，比如以下一些就值得注意： 1.用于it seems(appears)that…句式。如：

It seems that he knows everything.他好像什么都知道。It appears that we may be mistaken.看來(lái)我們可能弄錯(cuò)了。但是，英語(yǔ)一般不說(shuō)it looks that…，可改用it looks as if…。如： It looks as if we’ll be late.我們似乎要遲到了。2.用于it happens(occurs)that…句式。如：

It happened that I was standing next to him when he collapsed.他倒下的時(shí)候我恰巧站在他旁邊。

It didn’t occur to him that she would refuse his invitation.他沒(méi)有想到她會(huì)拒絕他的邀請(qǐng)。3.用于it follows that…句式。如：

He is wrong, but it does not follow thatyou are right.他錯(cuò)了，但并不能由此推斷你是對(duì)的。She’s not in the office but it doesn’t necessarily follow that she’s ill.她不在辦公室, 并不見(jiàn)得就是病了。

哪些從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)可用it作形式主語(yǔ)

原則上說(shuō)，it用作形式主語(yǔ)可以代替下列從句： 1.that從句

It is quite clear that he has read the book.很顯然，他讀過(guò)這本書(shū)。(HM)2.what從句

It doesn’t matter what he says.他說(shuō)什么沒(méi)關(guān)系。(HM)It was clear enough what he meant.他的意思是很明顯的。3.who從句

It hasn’t been decided who will be sent to work there.還沒(méi)決定將派誰(shuí)到那里工作。4.how從句

It struck her how gentle he was being.她深深感到他多么溫存。5.when從句

It hasn’t been made clear when the conference is to take place.會(huì)議什么時(shí)候召開(kāi)還沒(méi)有宣布。

6.where從句

It’s not known where she went.她到哪里去了沒(méi)人知道。It did not matter much where he lived.他在哪里住都沒(méi)有關(guān)系。7.why從句

It was clear why he had asked for a conference.他為什么要求召開(kāi)會(huì)議原因很清楚。8.whether從句

It makes little difference whether we go or stay.我們?nèi)ミ€是留沒(méi)有多大差別。It’s not yet settled whether I am going to America.我去不去美國(guó)還沒(méi)定。

it用作形式主語(yǔ)代替動(dòng)名詞主要用于哪些句式

it用作形式主語(yǔ)代替動(dòng)名詞的用法主要見(jiàn)于以下句式：

1.It is no use(no good, fun, great fun, a new experience, a great honour, etc)doing sth。如： It is no good talking.空談是沒(méi)有用的。It’s fun working for him.為他工作很有意思。It’s great fun sailing a boat.揚(yáng)帆駕舟十分有趣。

It’s no use shouting at him—he’s deaf.向他叫喊是沒(méi)有用的——他耳聾。It has been a great honour your coming to visit us.你來(lái)看望我們是極大榮幸。2.It is good(nice, useless, interesting, pleasant, tiring, etc)doing sth。如： It is useless speaking.光說(shuō)沒(méi)有用。

It was pleasant sitting there.坐在那里很愉快。

It’s so nice sitting here with you.和你坐在一起真是愉快。It’s good hearing English spoken.聽(tīng)到人講英語(yǔ)，我很高興。

It’s terribly tiring working late like this.這樣干到深夜是非常累人的。3.it is worth while doing sth。如：

It’s worth while doing the work.這項(xiàng)工作值得做。

Do you think it’s worth while quarrelling with me? 你認(rèn)為和我吵值得嗎? 4.其他句式。如：

It doesn’t matter wasting a little money.浪費(fèi)一點(diǎn)錢(qián)沒(méi)有關(guān)系。

It felt funny being dressed like a peasant girl.打扮成村姑感到有點(diǎn)怪怪的。What’s it like being married? 結(jié)婚是什么味道。

含it的9個(gè)常用特殊句型

1.It doesn’t matter…

It doesn’t matter what he says.他說(shuō)什么都沒(méi)關(guān)系。2.It appears/ seems/ happens/says that…

It seems that he is always correct.他好像總是對(duì)的。

It happened that I had no money with me.碰巧我當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)有帶錢(qián)。3.It is said/ reported/ believed/ understood that… It is said that he has joined the Party.據(jù)說(shuō)他已經(jīng)入黨了。4.It is a waste of time /money doing sth.It’s a waste of time your talking to him.你和他談是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。5.(It is)no wonder(that)…

It’s no wonder he is not hungry;he has been eating sweets all day.難怪他不餓，他整天在吃糖果。

6.It makes no/mush difference…

It’s doesn’t make much difference my being there.我在不在那兒沒(méi)有什么影響。7.it takes sb.some time to do sth.It took me nearly an hour to work out the problem.花了我差不多一個(gè)鐘才做出那道題.8.It’s one’s turn to do sth.It’s my turn to clean the classroom.是輪到我打掃教室的了。9.If it were not for…

If it were not for your help, I would still be homeless.若不是你幫忙，我現(xiàn)在還是無(wú)家可歸。

第四篇：代詞一：it指示代詞及其用法

it的用法

用作人稱代詞：

1、指代事物： — What’s this? — It’s a cat.2、指代人：常用于不知對(duì)方性別時(shí)，比如：詢問(wèn)敲門(mén)人或打電話時(shí)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方是誰(shuí)，或者用來(lái)指代嬰兒。(1)—Who’s it? —It’s Sam.(2)—Who’s the baby in the picture? —It’s my younger brother.二、用作非人稱代詞：指代天氣、時(shí)間、季節(jié)或距離等，此時(shí)的it無(wú)意義。(1)It’s two o’clock now.(2)It’s very cold in spring in the northern China.(3)It’s about 100 kilometers from our town to the big city.三、用作替代詞：it可作形式主語(yǔ)、形式賓語(yǔ)，可代替不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句。(1)It is not known where she has gone.(2)It’s bad for your eyes reading in bed.(3)It is clever of him to work out the math problem.四、用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句，構(gòu)成“It+be +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that…”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：It’s in the small shop that I bought the important book.五、在初中英語(yǔ)教材中，出現(xiàn)了許多由it引導(dǎo)的固定句式，現(xiàn)歸納如下：

(一)It's time for sb.to do sth./ It's time for sth.意為“是(某人)該干……的時(shí)間了”、“到……的時(shí)候了”。

例如： 1.It's time for supper ／to have supper.該吃晚飯了。2.It's time for me to study.我該學(xué)習(xí)了。

(二)It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.意為“(某人)花……時(shí)間做某事”。例如：

1.It takes twenty minutes to go to school by bike.騎自行車上學(xué)要花二十分鐘的時(shí)間。

2.It took me a week to finish reading the book.我花了一周時(shí)間讀完這本書(shū)。

(三)It is one's turn to do sth.意為“輪到某人做某事了”。

例如：It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow.明天輪到你值日了。

(四)It is ／ has been ＋時(shí)間段＋since ＋一般過(guò)去時(shí)，意為“自從……以來(lái)已過(guò)了……(時(shí)間)?！?例如：1.It is / has been four days since I caught a cold.我感冒已四天了。2.It is / has been two weeks since we met last.自從我們上次見(jiàn)面以來(lái)已過(guò)了兩周。

(五)It seems ／seemed ＋that從句，意為“看起來(lái)好像……”。

例如：It seemed that our team was going to win.我們隊(duì)看起來(lái)好像要贏了。

(六)It's＋表語(yǔ)＋to do sth.。

例如：It's a good idea to go out for a walk.出去散步是個(gè)好主意。

(七)It's ＋adj.＋that從句。例如：It's true that I may fall behind the other students.我真可能落在別的學(xué)生后面。

(八)It's＋adj.＋of(for)sb.＋to do sth.。

對(duì)于這個(gè)句型究竟用of還是用for，主要取決于前面的形容詞。

如果形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質(zhì)等的，如 kind，good，nice，clever等用of；

如果形容詞僅僅是描述行為的則用for，這類形容詞常見(jiàn)的有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等。

例如：1.It is nice of you to come to see me.你能來(lái)看我真好。

2.It is dangerous for children to play with fire.對(duì)小孩兒來(lái)說(shuō)玩火是危險(xiǎn)的。

典例

（）1.—Who’s knocking at the door?

— I don’t know.Maybe ___ is my uncle.A.he

B.that man

C.it

D.She

（）2.—I have only two dollars with me.— Oh, ____ enough to buy this book.A.it’s

B.that’s

C.you’re

D.they’re

（）3.—Who’s that baby in the photo?

— _____ me.I was only two years old that year.A.That’s B.It’s

C.I’m

D.The baby’s

（）4.______ five years since I left that town.A.That’s

B.They’re C.The time’s D.It’s

（）5.___about ten minutes’ walk from my home to the factory.A.The way is

B.It’s

C.The road

D.That’s

（）6.Something is in the box, _______ ?

A.are they

B.aren’t they C.isn’t it D.isn’t something

（）7.____ said that the strange man lives in the deep forest.A.It’s

B.I

C.He

D.Someone

（）8.______ take me much time to write that paper.A, It’s

B.It’ll

C.That’ll

D.I’ll

（）9.I found ______ easy to swim across that river.A.it

B.that

C.me

D.it’s

It放在found動(dòng)詞后面做賓語(yǔ)---形式賓語(yǔ)，代替to do這個(gè)不定式結(jié)構(gòu)

（）10.—Who’s that speaking?

— ______ me, Tom.A.I’m

B.That’s

C.It’s

D.Its

提高訓(xùn)練： 完成句子

1.從學(xué)校到工廠需要步行20分鐘。

______ 20 minutes’ walk _______ the school _______ the factory.2.這個(gè)嬰兒才兩歲，需要人照顧。

The baby is only 2 years old.________ needs _________ ________ after.3.快點(diǎn)！要下雨了。

________ _______!_______ is going to rain.4.桌上有些面包，吃起來(lái)挺香的。delicious There is some bread on the table._______ tastes __________.5.要完成這項(xiàng)工作至少需要20天時(shí)間。Finish

at least _____ will take ______ _____ 20 days _______ _____ the work._______

第五篇：初三英語(yǔ)：指示代詞教案

悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn

初三英語(yǔ)教案：指示代詞

提起 this、that 和 it ,大家對(duì)它們并不陌生。this、that 既可作為形容詞,又可作為指示代詞,而 it 只能作代詞用,使用時(shí)要注意它們的區(qū)別。

1.this 指離說(shuō)話人較近的人或物, that 則指離說(shuō)話人較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。如:

This is a book.這是一本書(shū)。(指近處)

That is a banana tree.那是一棵香蕉樹(shù)。(指遠(yuǎn)處)

如:

2.向別人介紹某人時(shí),要說(shuō)“ This is …”,而不說(shuō)“ That is …”,也不能說(shuō)“ He is …”或“ She is …”。This is Li Mei.Li Mei,this is Wei Hua.這是李梅。李梅,這是魏華。

3.敘述在一起的兩樣?xùn)|西時(shí),先說(shuō)的用 this ,后說(shuō)的用 that.如: This is a computer.That is a TV set.這是一臺(tái)電腦,那是一臺(tái)電視機(jī)。

4.在回答 this 或 that 作主語(yǔ)的疑問(wèn)句時(shí),要用 it 代替 this 或 that.如: It's a ruler.這是尺子。

-Is that a car? 那是一輛小汽車嗎?

-Yes, it is.是的。

其實(shí),我們平時(shí)在第一次提到某物時(shí),常用 this 或 that 來(lái)指代,后文中再出現(xiàn)此物時(shí),就用 it 來(lái)代替 this 或 that 了。

5.有時(shí)候,人們?cè)诖螂娫挄r(shí),向?qū)Ψ浇榻B自己用 this 指代“我(I)”,詢問(wèn)對(duì)方則用 that 指代“你(you)”。如:

-Hello, is that Mike? 喂,你是邁克嗎?

-No, this is Tom.不,我是湯姆。

悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn 悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn

此時(shí)切不要用“ I am …”、“ Are you … ? ”或“ Who are you? ”等句式,但可以用 it 替換 this 或 that.如:

-Hello,is it Mr Green? 你好!你是格林先生嗎?

-Yes,it is Mr Green.Who is it?

是的,我是格林先生。你是誰(shuí)?

6.當(dāng)指性別不明的嬰兒、身份不明的人或是只聞其聲不見(jiàn)其人的時(shí)候,用 it 而不用 this 或 that.如以下敲門(mén)時(shí)的對(duì)話:

-Who's it? 是誰(shuí)呀?

-It's me.是我。

最后提醒同學(xué)們注意: this 和 is 不能縮寫(xiě),但 that、it 與 is 連用時(shí)可分別寫(xiě)為 that's 和 it's.如:

This is a bike.(不可寫(xiě)成: This's a bike.)

It is a pencil-box.(可以寫(xiě)成: It's a pencil-box.)(一)知識(shí)概要

連詞是一種在句子與句子之間,短語(yǔ)之間以及名詞等其他詞語(yǔ)之間起連接作用的虛詞,它不能單獨(dú)作句子的成份。按其意義可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞兩大類。并列連詞連接的雙方是對(duì)等的。常有的并列連詞有and, both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, as well as等。但如果連接的兩部分意義不趨向一致,意義有轉(zhuǎn)折的并列連詞有:but, however, while(而),only(只不過(guò))。還有表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞,如:or, or else, otherwise… 再有的是連接雙方,互為因果,或表示前因后果的連詞有:for, so, therefore(因此),then等。從屬連詞在初中范圍內(nèi)常常用來(lái)連接名詞性從句,如:that, if, whether, 其次用來(lái)連接狀語(yǔ)從句。其中有原因狀語(yǔ)從句,常用的連接詞有:when while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till 連接條件狀語(yǔ)的連詞有:if, unless, as long as 等,而原因狀語(yǔ)的連接詞有because, since, as, now that(既然)。目的、結(jié)果、方式、比較、地點(diǎn)等狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有:so that, so…that, such…that, as…as, than, where… 它們?cè)诰渥优c文章中幾乎無(wú)處不見(jiàn)。具體用法見(jiàn)下表。

連詞用法一覽表

種類 功用 例句

悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn 悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn

并列連詞 連接具有并列關(guān)系的 詞 He knows neither English nor French.短語(yǔ) Are you going by bus or on foot?

分句 Mary was a good girl, but she had one shortcoming.從屬連詞 引導(dǎo): 狀語(yǔ)從句 I'll do it as you told me.You will be late unless you hurry.連接代詞和連接副詞 主語(yǔ)從句 What he said proved true.When we'll start has not been decided yet.表語(yǔ)從句 This is why he didn't come yesterday.That is where he lives.賓語(yǔ)從句 The man asked me which I liked best.

I can't understand why she is so late.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞 定語(yǔ)從句 Nicotine is a drug that gets one into the habit of smoking.

He came last night when I was out.(二)正誤辨析

[誤] Both my parents are not here.They went to the concert just now.

[正] Neither of my parents is here.They went to the concert just now.

[析] 在英語(yǔ)中both一般用于肯定句中,如用于否定句中,其意義也不同于漢語(yǔ),如:Both of us are not right.在英語(yǔ)中應(yīng)被理解為“我們倆不都對(duì)?！倍鳱either of us is right。才能被理解為“我們倆無(wú)一正確”。

悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn 悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn

[誤] He or his parents has some tickets for the film.

[正] He or his parents have some tickets for the film.

[析] 由or 連接兩主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與相臨近的那一個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。

[誤] You should study hard, and you won't pass the exam.

[正] You should study hard, or you won't pass the exam.

[析] or作為連詞,這里的意思為“否則”。又如:Hurry up, or you'll be late for school.[誤] Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others.

[正] Though he is poor, he is ready to help others.

[正] He is poor, but he is ready to help others.

[析] “雖然……但是”是中文中的常用結(jié)構(gòu),但在英文中用了“雖然”則不要用“但是”,用了“但是”則不能再用“雖然”,二者只可用其一。

[誤] Either you or I are on duty.

[正] Either you or I am on duty.

[析] either…or 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與相臨近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)相呼應(yīng),這也叫作就近原則。類似的用法還有or, neither… nor, not only…but also等。

[誤] Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now.

[正] Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now.

悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn 悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn

[析] 并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略,以免重復(fù),但不是所有詞都可作任意的省略的。當(dāng)你連接的是兩個(gè)系動(dòng)詞時(shí),后面的那個(gè)系動(dòng)詞不可省略,也就是講連接的部分不可省略。

父親節(jié)初三作文:My Father There is always a brilliant image living in my heart.That is my dear father.Seen through the eyes of many other people, father seems to be a very ordinary person.But he is quite extraordinary in my eyes, I have never lost my wonder at his good-personalities such as diligence, devotion, care, optimism ever since my childhood.Being a farmer, father works very hard in the fields all the year round.He works from dawn till dusk every day and even till midnight when it is the harvest season.He seldom enjoys leisure with other farmers even if the farm work is not much.He chooses to live a busy life with reluctance to stop for a while.Father devotes all himself to our family.As we are poor, he always tries his best to support our family and afford the tuitions for my brother and me.For the whole family, for brother and me, he never stops working laboriously in the fields throughout the year.Now he has got a wrinkled face and white hair because of excessive hard work, looking much older and weaker than any other person of his age.In spite of all this, father never complains to us.It is his full devotion that we're living a better life now.It is his full devotion that both my brother and I are able to study at college.Father shows much care to us children and my mother as well.Whenever there is any delicious food on the table, he just leaves it to us while he takes the simple one himself.If my brother and I fall ill, he will not hesitate a moment to get some medicine for us or take us to see the doctor.My mother suffers a bad disease.Father looks after her very carefully.He never lets mother do any heavy work both at home and in the field.Mother appreciates him m much that she often praises him as a model husband before others.Father is a person full of optimism.He never complains about our poor life.He is never frustrated by trouble.He often tells us that everything will be all right if we have enough confidence in life.Due to his optimism, we are all confident to face our life and work.We all think that father is not in the least an ordinary man.He plays an extraordinary role in my family.We can't have anything without him.Now I'm pursuing further studies at college far away from father.I miss him very much.And I often see him in my dreams.His great image is deeply carved in my mind.評(píng)語(yǔ)：

悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn 悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn

本文作者以樸實(shí)的語(yǔ)言充滿感情地刻畫(huà)了父親的不平凡的形象，分別從四個(gè)不同的角度描述了父親的勤勞、奉獻(xiàn)、關(guān)愛(ài)和樂(lè)觀。內(nèi)容真實(shí)感人，行文簡(jiǎn)潔流暢，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，組織有條有理，首尾呼應(yīng)，給讀者以強(qiáng)烈的感染力。

作者用詞簡(jiǎn)潔精確，并能很好地嘗試一些新學(xué)的詞匯及表達(dá)，使簡(jiǎn)潔的行。文更為生動(dòng)。作者沒(méi)有運(yùn)用太多復(fù)雜的句式，但能適當(dāng)運(yùn)用介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)、強(qiáng)調(diào)及重復(fù)的手法，恰到好處 地突出了行文句式的變化，使文章更耐讀。資料來(lái)自：悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn 悅考網(wǎng)004km.cn