第一篇:圣誕節(jié)是否應(yīng)該在中國(guó)慶祝的正方觀點(diǎn)(英文版)
Positive idea:
As China becomes more integrated in the global community, western customs together with western commodities are imported into the Chinese market.Western festivals, especially Christmas, gain popularities quickly among Chinese, especial the westernized new generation.The celebration of western festivals ignited heated debates.Some argue that Christmas is overshadowing traditional festivals like the Spring Festival and it signals the destructive process of westernization among the Chinese and thus it should be condemned.However, we take a more optimistic stand on this phonomenon and the reasons as follows:
At first, Christmas has rich cultural connotations which is a Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ.Meanwhile, popular Christmas themes include the promotion of goodwill, giving, compassion, and quality family time.In recent years, many of the festivities of Christmas do not have anything to do with religion, although there are special Christmas services in Christian churches all over the world.Exchanging gifts and sending Christmas cards are the modern ways of celebrating the Christmas.I think that Christmas is more attractive and interesting which compared with the serious Oriental traditional festivals such as mid-autumn.Why do we celebrite festival? I think relaxing is one of the most important reasons.With the development of society, an increasing numbers of people have great pressures from life, work and study and Christmas provides a recreational way for us adjusting our daily life.The western festival should be celebrited in China because it maks us happy.It’s crucial for us.Next, with the development of high and new science and technology, network communication technology and rapid progress of globalization, the world has become smaller and smaller.Especially after China’s accession to the WTO, the violent collisions of western culture and eastern traditional morality have blended and influenced people’s daily life to vast extent.Celebriting Christmas signifies China’s opening up to the world and its readiness to appreciate other cultures.Moreover, Christmas as well as other western festivals such as Valentine’s Day,April fool’s Day, Thanksgiving Day is beneficial to maintain relationships among people and stimulates economy.In my opinion, the inflowing of foreign holidays can promote cultural exchanges, reduce the cultural differences, conducive to mutual learning.For these reasons, we support the celebrations of Christmas and other western festivals in China.Free Debating:
Moreover, we have our distinctive way of celebrating Christmas.Instead of going to the church like the Americans, we regard Christmas as an opportune time to shop and to enjoy ourselves, as many shopping centres offer discounts to attract customers in Christmas season.As such, our values are not deeply altered by our celebration of christmas.Integration is an irresistible trend of history development.In fact, an army of foreigners also like Spring Festival, Why don’t you with a broad mind to accept western festivals? Celebrating Christmas is the crystallization of Chinese and western cultural exchange, is the trend of nations cultural integration.We shouldn’t use the excuse maintaining the Chinese traditional culture to ask someone to refuse foreign culture.We should make progress, not make traditional culture stagnated.We should keep a right attitude to western festivals.Everyone has the freedom to choose his favorite holiday.Christmas has been widely accepted by Chinese and festal atmosphere has been formed.Besides Celebrating Christmas does not mean we ignore the traditional festivals, there is no contradiction between them.In the period of traditional festivals such as Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, we will still hold many colorful celebration activities.For example, in the Dragon Boat Festival, people will drink realgar wine, rowing.Social pressure is rising, in this case increasing some good holiday can relieve pressure appropriately, foreign festivals emphasize personalities, more relaxed and romantic, so it’s a good thing for us.
第二篇:《安樂死是否應(yīng)該合法化》正方觀點(diǎn)
《安樂死應(yīng)該合法化》
理 論 建 議
一、理論核心
建議將“人的權(quán)利生來(lái)平等,安樂死是人權(quán)的重要體現(xiàn)”作為正方立論的基礎(chǔ),也是打破反方觀點(diǎn)的基本銳器。
這實(shí)際上是一個(gè)判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的爭(zhēng)論,即站在哪個(gè)角度上來(lái)判斷的問題。建議正方緊緊抓住一點(diǎn),就是贊成還是反對(duì)安樂死的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),只能是安樂死對(duì)象的自主選擇,因?yàn)檫@屬于他自己的人權(quán),而人權(quán)平等,則是法治社會(huì)的根本理念。
所有反對(duì)安樂死的基本理由,無(wú)非是站在旁觀者的立場(chǎng)上,通過(guò)延續(xù)患者的生命,來(lái)體現(xiàn)旁觀者的愛心。這一出發(fā)點(diǎn)是站在旁觀者的立場(chǎng)上,以旁觀者的選擇來(lái)代替安樂死對(duì)象自己的選擇,從而侵害了、抹殺了、否定了安樂死對(duì)象的獨(dú)立人權(quán)。
二、基本觀點(diǎn)
1.概念
安樂死的現(xiàn)代含義是指,對(duì)于現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)條件下無(wú)可挽救其生命的瀕死病人,符合立法規(guī)定的條件和程序,為減少難以忍受的劇烈痛苦而自愿選擇適當(dāng)措施,提前結(jié)束生命的行為。
定義的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)在于:①生命無(wú)可挽救;②患者自愿選擇;③立法規(guī)定一定的條件和程序。這些是反駁反方絕大多數(shù)觀點(diǎn)的銳器。
2..安樂死合法化是法治社會(huì)的基本要求
現(xiàn)代社會(huì)良好的法律體系,最根本的就體現(xiàn)在法律面前人人平等,充分運(yùn)用法律來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)公平公正,維護(hù)每一個(gè)公民的合法權(quán)利。我國(guó)《憲法》規(guī)定了公民人身自由與人格尊嚴(yán)不受侵犯的權(quán)利,而生命的自決權(quán)更是人性尊嚴(yán)的內(nèi)涵之一。
“生存還是死亡,這是個(gè)問題”。死亡權(quán)和生存權(quán)、發(fā)展權(quán)一樣,都是人權(quán)的重要組成部分。一個(gè)人活著要有自己的尊嚴(yán)和權(quán)利,死亡也應(yīng)該有自己的尊嚴(yán)和權(quán)利。面對(duì)生與死的選擇,就好像選擇一個(gè)人的政治信仰和成長(zhǎng)道路一樣,只有他自己才有權(quán)作出自由獨(dú)立的決策,其他任何人都無(wú)權(quán)越俎代庖。
我們不能剝奪一個(gè)適齡兒童的受教育權(quán),哪怕他患有先天性的殘疾;我們不能剝奪一個(gè)公民合法的選舉權(quán)和被選舉權(quán),哪怕他是一個(gè)正在服刑的囚犯。同樣,我們也不能剝奪安樂死對(duì)象選擇有尊嚴(yán)地死亡的權(quán)利。這是個(gè)人尊嚴(yán)和獨(dú)立人權(quán)的最后體現(xiàn),是生命中自由選擇的最后輝煌。尊重這種個(gè)人選擇的權(quán)利,才是對(duì)他們以往人格的尊重,才是人道。
安樂死合法化率先在歐美發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家出現(xiàn)這一事實(shí)說(shuō)明,法律體系僅僅“重生”、“優(yōu)生”已經(jīng)不夠,必須還要重視死亡,重視死亡方式的選擇,使每一個(gè)公民都有“善始善終”的基本人權(quán)。
3.安樂死合法化促進(jìn)了現(xiàn)代文明道德的建設(shè)
人生自古誰(shuí)無(wú)死。人總是要死的。但是,什么樣的死亡方式才是最好的?這個(gè)問題在時(shí)候道德中卻是長(zhǎng)期空缺?!昂盟啦蝗缳嚮钪保熬热艘幻鼊僭炱呒?jí)浮屠”等傳統(tǒng)觀念依然成為大部分人關(guān)于死亡方式的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
醫(yī)生“救死扶傷”的前提是生命存在著希望,然后才是不丟棄不放棄。如果靠著維生儀器延續(xù)著毫無(wú)希望的生命,對(duì)病患還是病患的家屬那都是一種巨大的折磨。如果不能給病人生命的希望,卻延長(zhǎng)病人慘絕人寰的痛苦,請(qǐng)問,醫(yī)生奉行的還是人道主義嗎?
為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)“久病床頭無(wú)孝子”的現(xiàn)象?因?yàn)榻^癥患者失去了生命的希望,忍受著身體上和心靈上的雙重痛苦,長(zhǎng)久以往性格脾氣會(huì)變得暴躁,常常會(huì)傷害到家人。有些家庭更因承受不了巨額的治療費(fèi)用而陷入了深度的矛盾中。惡性循環(huán)久而久之,家庭關(guān)系就會(huì)崩潰。兒女孝順父母的本來(lái)目的是讓父母享受快樂。但是反對(duì)安樂死的所謂孝順卻違背了父母的選擇意愿,加重了父母的痛苦煎熬。請(qǐng)問,這種借口孝順來(lái)長(zhǎng)期摧殘父母身心的兒女,還真的是孝順嗎?
4.安樂死合法化符合我國(guó)的基本國(guó)情
安樂死既是垂死病人的個(gè)人權(quán)利,也是現(xiàn)代文明社會(huì)的社會(huì)權(quán)利。人們不得不面對(duì)這樣的事實(shí):不管投入多少資源來(lái)設(shè)法推延死亡和減少產(chǎn)生痛苦,仍然有無(wú)數(shù)患有不治之癥的患者實(shí)際上并不能避免死亡,反而遭受著極其痛苦。對(duì)于作為發(fā)展中國(guó)家的我國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō),醫(yī)療資源長(zhǎng)時(shí)間會(huì)十分短缺。如何把有限的醫(yī)療資源更科學(xué)合理地使用,不僅是安樂死對(duì)象對(duì)社會(huì)的最后貢獻(xiàn),也是社會(huì)的權(quán)利和責(zé)任。
曾是安樂死合法化提案的發(fā)起人之一的北京兒童醫(yī)院兒科專家胡亞美說(shuō),安樂死可以節(jié)約我國(guó)有限的衛(wèi)生資源,把它用于更有治療希望的病人身上。
據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì),我國(guó)有數(shù)十萬(wàn)的絕癥患者痛苦萬(wàn)分地躺在醫(yī)院的病床上維持生命。北京一家腫瘤醫(yī)院曾對(duì)800例身患癌癥的垂?;颊哌M(jìn)行調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì),其中因?yàn)椴豢叭淌芡纯啵栽敢蟀矘匪勒哒嫉?0%以上。在北京衛(wèi)生部門所做的、公眾對(duì)安樂死合法化基本態(tài)度的歷次抽樣調(diào)查中,每一次調(diào)查公眾對(duì)安樂死合法化的支持率都不低于80%。
5.安樂死合法化是社會(huì)生死觀的重大進(jìn)步
在人的生命旅程中,“不丟棄、不放棄”是一種美德,也是一個(gè)高尚的原則。但是如果僅僅理解為“好死不如賴活”,那就失去了這一原則的本來(lái)意義。在任何困境下都堅(jiān)持生命不息、奮斗不止當(dāng)然很難,但是在生命的最后階段為了尊嚴(yán)而放棄生命,則是難上加難。
其實(shí),我們的前人對(duì)這個(gè)問題已經(jīng)有很好的認(rèn)識(shí)。司馬遷說(shuō),“人固有一死,或重于泰山,或輕于鴻毛。”文天祥說(shuō),“人生自古誰(shuí)無(wú)死,留取丹心照汗青。”李清照說(shuō),“生當(dāng)作人杰,死亦為鬼雄?!迸岫喾普f(shuō),“生命誠(chéng)可貴,愛情價(jià)更高。若為自由故,兩者皆可拋?!?這種激勵(lì)了我們一代又一代人的生死觀,既是關(guān)于生命價(jià)值的社會(huì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),也為我們選擇合理的死亡方式提供了道德依據(jù)。
三、關(guān)于安樂死必須的條件和程序,請(qǐng)自行上百度搜索并做好準(zhǔn)備。
第三篇:關(guān)于開卷是否有益的正方觀點(diǎn)
關(guān)于開卷是否有益的正方觀點(diǎn)
古人云:“開卷有益。”確實(shí),博覽群書能使人擁有高深的學(xué)問,能言善辯,受人尊敬。
古代詩(shī)圣杜甫有句名言:“讀書破萬(wàn)卷,下筆如有神?!边@一點(diǎn)是不能否認(rèn)的,杜甫所博覽
過(guò)的群書不可記數(shù),雖然許多書都被他翻爛了,翻破了,但書中的知識(shí)去深深的印在了他的腦子里,在他寫文章,作詩(shī)的時(shí)候,一連串的好詞好句便從筆尖順流而下,一篇篇的佳作名詩(shī)便流傳千古,被人們傳誦。所以,多讀一些有益的書,是能幫助我們寫出好文章的。書,是人類的營(yíng)養(yǎng)品,是人類知識(shí)的源泉,就像一個(gè)文明的國(guó)度如果失去了書的文化,那么著個(gè)曾經(jīng)富麗繁華的國(guó)度便會(huì)遭受到滅亡的威脅。所以說(shuō),人是決不能離開書籍的。
書是人類進(jìn)步的階梯?!比缃襁@知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代,人們的學(xué)問越來(lái)越深,你不努力跟著跑,便后落伍,并越落越遠(yuǎn)。因而為跟上時(shí)代的步伐,你就要不斷地學(xué)習(xí)。
盡管古人說(shuō)書“浩如煙?!保矣X得書的世界是 “天涯若比鄰。”這話絕對(duì)不是唯心的的比擬。世界再大,也沒有阻隔。佛說(shuō):“三千大千世界”,可算大極了。書的境地呢,卻是包羅萬(wàn)象,貫通三界。
我們可以足不出戶,在這里隨意在這里閱覽。誰(shuí)說(shuō)讀書人目光短淺,不通人情,不關(guān)心世界呢!這里可得到豐富的經(jīng)歷,可認(rèn)識(shí)世界,可結(jié)交各色各樣的朋友。經(jīng)常在書里“串門兒”,至少也可以脫去幾分愚昧,多長(zhǎng)幾個(gè)心眼兒吧!
其實(shí)讀書不一定要認(rèn)真地讀,只要隨便翻閱,積少成多,時(shí)間一長(zhǎng),腦子里也自然有了一個(gè)知識(shí)的寶庫(kù)。試想想這不是開卷的好處嗎?
想做真正的“開卷有益”,還必須自己有這個(gè)愛好,嗜好讀書。我想,嗜好讀書,應(yīng)該像愛鍛煉一樣,天天練,日日練。生病的時(shí)候練,刮風(fēng)下雪也在練,烈日炎炎更在練,把鍛煉當(dāng)作一種愛好。凡嗜書者,他們?cè)诿恳豁?yè)書里都能感到濃厚的趣味。
要做到“開卷有益”,還必須選好適合自己的書,讓自己在喜歡的書中自由地生存、暢游。
“開卷有益”,我們地去讀書,就能不斷地積累知識(shí),讓自己的精神有所寄托,讓自己的生活更加豐富多彩
正方xxx:因?yàn)樽x書會(huì)使人思想升華,心靈凈化,提高人的自身素質(zhì)。書讀得越多,這種辨別能力自然也就越強(qiáng),對(duì)于毒素的抵抗力自然也會(huì)增強(qiáng),所以追其根本還是要大量的讀書。如一味地預(yù)防毒素,而恐于“開卷”的話,那你的辨識(shí),抵抗能力也就會(huì)日漸下降。而當(dāng)今社會(huì)的種種誘惑,可以說(shuō)是無(wú)處不在的,潛在的危險(xiǎn)令人難以察覺。
正方xxx:高爾基曾說(shuō)過(guò):“我讀書越多,書籍就是我和世界接近生活對(duì)我也變得越加光明和有意義?!本湍酶郀柣鶃?lái)說(shuō),他開始只不過(guò)是一個(gè)店里的小伙計(jì)。假若他不讀書,不求知,就不會(huì)有淵博的知識(shí),高超的寫作水平,他又怎么會(huì)感到“生活對(duì)我也變得越加光明和有意義”。這就是博覽群書的后果,使文學(xué)史上游多了一位偉大的作家------高爾基。
博覽群書不僅可以促使一個(gè)人走向成功,而且還可以增強(qiáng)一個(gè)人的靈敏度和統(tǒng)籌全局的能力。在崢嶸歲月里,毛澤東能一次又一次果斷的下達(dá)正確的命令,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民走向勝利,為什么?因?yàn)樗┯[群書。在外交會(huì)議上,周恩來(lái)能一次又一次巧妙地反擊外國(guó)記者傲慢的挑釁,為什么他如此機(jī)智?因?yàn)樗┯[群書。正是因?yàn)樗麄兌寄懿┯[群書,毛澤東才會(huì)運(yùn)籌帷幄,用兵如神!當(dāng)然,我們應(yīng)該讀好書,有利于我們身心健康的書,不能讀那些烏煙瘴氣歪門邪道的書。別林斯基說(shuō)過(guò)的:“好的書籍是最貴重的珍寶。”而博覽好的書籍,就等于擁有了智慧的鑰匙,擁有了天下最大財(cái)富,可以終身受用。
正方xxx:“開卷有益”這個(gè)成語(yǔ)原出自于王辟之的《澠水燕淡錄》,意思說(shuō)讀書有好處。它歷經(jīng)百年,延續(xù)至今,仍有使用,可見其實(shí)有一定的價(jià)值和意義。我十分贊成“開卷有益”
也許有人說(shuō)要有選擇,有目的地“開卷”,我不同意這個(gè)說(shuō)法。當(dāng)今社會(huì)是充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與挑戰(zhàn)的,光獨(dú)所謂有用的好書,恐怕是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。敢于嘗試,樂于接受不同方面的書,從書中汲取豐富的營(yíng)養(yǎng),才能更全面的完善自己,從而經(jīng)受的住多方面的挑戰(zhàn)。如果在讀書之前,就限定了書的種類,讀書的目的等等,讀起來(lái)雖有用,恐怕再多,也仍營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良。
正方:
在這個(gè)信息化的世界里,讀書是我們獲取知識(shí)的只要途徑之一。多讀書可以拓寬我們的知識(shí)量,豐富我們的文學(xué)修養(yǎng),對(duì)日后的說(shuō)和寫都有很大的幫助。
我們的知識(shí)就像水庫(kù),大量的閱讀使我們的水庫(kù)能夠保持儲(chǔ)存大量的知識(shí),而我們?cè)谘a(bǔ)充知識(shí)的同時(shí),知識(shí)也在不停的往外泄漏。這時(shí),如果我們停止讀書,或者讀的書少了,水庫(kù)的水很快就會(huì)枯竭。只有不停的、豐富的課外閱讀,才能使自己的知識(shí)見見豐富,而不會(huì)大量流失。大量的知識(shí)可以給你的作文提供足夠的素材,不然你憋半天也就才寫出那么幾句毫無(wú)疑義且重復(fù)羅嗦的話。
開卷有益的由來(lái)是宋太祖說(shuō)過(guò):“只要是讀書~總會(huì)有好處的”.自此,開卷有益便成為一個(gè)成語(yǔ).大家也許想問,為什么要講這個(gè)呢?道理很簡(jiǎn)單,關(guān)鍵在于“總”字..這說(shuō)的是總會(huì)有好處,而不是只會(huì)有好處.所以說(shuō),開卷有益需要論證的是讀書是有益處而不是讀書無(wú)害.(千萬(wàn)別被反方纏到這.不然一定會(huì)輸.原因看完后面的就會(huì)明白)
首先,對(duì)于好書是有益處的,這點(diǎn)大家都明白.所以要論證的是:所謂的壞書是否有它自己的一些益處呢?對(duì)于讀書的益處來(lái)講,大能大到使人大徹大悟,痛改前非,走向光明之路,取得成功;小能小到學(xué)會(huì)幾種寫作方法,幾個(gè)詞,甚至認(rèn)識(shí)幾個(gè)字.這些都是讀書的益處,沒法否認(rèn)的.因此就可推出幾點(diǎn)來(lái)論證壞書也是有它的一些益處
第一只要被稱為壞書的,它必定會(huì)影響人的性格,使之走向邪路.但是請(qǐng)想想,如果那些壞書如果無(wú)法與讀者產(chǎn)生一定的共鳴,使人深入其中,那么哪會(huì)造成這樣的結(jié)果呢?如果這書的結(jié)構(gòu)布局,表達(dá)方式,構(gòu)思描寫,語(yǔ)言用詞等都平平無(wú)奇,甚至連一般“流水帳”似的作文都不如,那么怎么會(huì)與讀者產(chǎn)生共鳴呢?因此不論它有多壞,在所謂的壞書里至少能學(xué)會(huì)一些寫作方法,再不濟(jì)也能認(rèn)識(shí)幾個(gè)字.這能說(shuō)它無(wú)益嗎?
第二不論是壞書還是好書,它都是根據(jù)該書是利大于弊還是弊大于利判斷的.也就是說(shuō),壞書也是有一定益處.第三我國(guó)古代的老子就有一種觀點(diǎn):事物都有他的兩面性,既然壞書有害,那么就一定有它的益處.第四也許你想說(shuō):“假設(shè)有種壞書,內(nèi)容不堪入目,文章布局全盤錯(cuò)誤,滿篇病句錯(cuò)句錯(cuò)字......”直到?jīng)]有優(yōu)點(diǎn)可尋.但是你想過(guò)嗎,即使存在這種書,有人能看的懂嗎?會(huì)去看嗎?~~~既然不會(huì)去看,那么連“開卷”這個(gè)前提都沒了,如何來(lái)談開卷是否有益或有害??
第五盡管你可以舉出一堆因看書而墮落,瘋狂,行兇犯法的事例.那這又能說(shuō)明什么呢?只能說(shuō)明是看書的人自己本身心態(tài)就不正.那屬于心態(tài)問題,不能歸咎于書.難道有人拿刀去砍去殺人,能怪那刀不好嗎???
因此,只要是讀書,都是會(huì)有益處的,不論大還是小.所以可以推及“開卷有益”是一定成立的.至于“開卷未必有益”,是個(gè)中性詞,它的一半(有益)是對(duì)的,但另一半--開卷無(wú)益就存在問題了:無(wú)益,并不是有害.就象一輛車在路上行駛,它沒有象飛機(jī)一樣飛上藍(lán)天,難道就能說(shuō)它在鉆地嗎?假使論點(diǎn)是“開卷有害”,那么根據(jù)剛剛的一些論點(diǎn),自然也是可以成立的,但是要說(shuō)“無(wú)益”~那就是錯(cuò)誤的了.所以說(shuō),在這個(gè)問題上,反方的論點(diǎn)就只對(duì)了一半.(而且這一半還是正方的論點(diǎn)).? ?
第四篇:關(guān)于中國(guó)非法腎臟貿(mào)易的一些觀點(diǎn) 英文發(fā)言稿
A bout illegal kidney trade in China
I have heard about the illegal kidney ?kidniztrade in our country’s market two years ago.Until this year, I paid close attention to this issue again, when I heard that a boy sold one of his kidneys for an I phone and an ipad2.This news amazed me!What also shocked me is that in two years, the illegal trade chain not only was cracked kr?kt down, but also become much bigger.Actually, I didn’t understand why the trade is illegal, because I found many people who had sold their kidneys are voluntary not be compelled.In a shelter where many donators lived, the police found that most donators are young men.One of them owed a gambling dept and another one’s parents had serious illness.And meanwhile, countless patients lying on sickbeds in hospitals needed urgent kidney transplantations.According to statistics, there were 1million patients living by dialyses dai??lisis in China in 2011, but legal transplant operations which had been operated fewer than 4000 cases.In terms of this, those agents did good things.Furthermore, where there is demand there is selling.People have freedom to sell their own things including organs.However, when I came to understand this matter deeply, my opinion changed, According to international laws, the sale and purchase of organs is prohibited.Many people who donated their kidneys regretted
their decisions.Because their operations carried out in small clinics where doctors’ skills are not qualified, thus many of them have sequelas.si?kwi:l? They lived a life with relatively high chance of kidney failure.What’s worse, they can’t protect their own rights.Now, in the market, if you want to buy a healthy kidney from agents, you must spend about 300 thousand yuan.However, a kidney seller can only get 35 thousand yuan.It’s very unfair!Some teenagers out of vanity want to use the money to buy luxuries.Some adults are lazy.They don’t have steady jobs and think selling kidneys is a quick way to get much money.From the social ethical point of view, this trade brings more bad influences.Human organs link with people’s dignity..If organs can be regarded as products, it means that the rich can use money to buy life even health.There is a net friend had such a comment about this thing: true capitalism.You can buy anything you want in China.Another man said : Now some European or American is gonna get a kidney with a note saying “made in China”Those words sound very ironic, right? I hope that will never come true.About how to solve this matter, above all I think that the government should make the law more perfect.I find that the criminal law has made related rules about illegal kidney trade.What’s more, I think how to fill the vacancy in the market, how to balance the demand and supply are the keys to solve this trouble.Firstly, doctors should enhance their moral sense.They can spend some time doing research on haematopoietic hem?t?up?i?etik stem cell technology instead of thinking how to make a fortune.If so, those patients will not need to lie on sickbeds living a life full of dialyses.Second, schools should pay more attention to teenagers” health education.Finally, the employment agency should guide unemployed adults correctly.I believe that if more people are willing to earn money by their own hands, this illegal kidney market will disappear in the near future.
第五篇:高耀潔的觀點(diǎn)「中國(guó)艾滋病大多數(shù)由于血液傳播而非宣傳的性傳播」是否屬實(shí)
高耀潔的觀點(diǎn)「中國(guó)艾滋病大多數(shù)由于血液傳播而非宣傳的性傳播」是否屬實(shí)
徐博聞,《北京風(fēng)物志》系列,在專欄連載。
屬實(shí),艾滋病在中國(guó)的流行從血液傳播開始。本答案被刪過(guò)三次,咱們點(diǎn)到為止。
時(shí)任河南省主政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)是李短冬(噸弱據(jù)傳是起了正面作用的,不了解。但吳奶奶是堅(jiān)定的挺高派,幫了不少忙。),而血液貿(mào)易是政府的收入來(lái)源之一。這與血液貿(mào)易息息相關(guān),即便政府如何否認(rèn)遮掩,這都是不爭(zhēng)的事實(shí)。但在艾滋病流行之后,高耀潔的爆料,之所以給自己招來(lái)了禍患,除了觸及了統(tǒng)治階級(jí)的利益,還是幾十年間缺乏對(duì)「艾滋病」的普及教育帶來(lái)的惡果。
當(dāng)時(shí)的河南,從省委書記到地方農(nóng)民,都覺得「艾滋病」是「臟病」,是見不得人的丑事,甚至是導(dǎo)致恐慌的大事。而「艾滋病」之所以在河南流傳,是因?yàn)檎袨榈氖?,?duì)血液貿(mào)易的縱容。如果「艾滋病」信息在河南公布,難免會(huì)導(dǎo)致群眾騷動(dòng)和恐慌,這是政府不會(huì)允許的。再加上如果中央問責(zé),后果雖然稱不上「不堪設(shè)想」,但總不是件光彩事情。地方政府的舉措,也可以理解。
我國(guó)政府對(duì)「艾滋病」的態(tài)度一直曖昧不清,在主流宣傳里,一般只強(qiáng)調(diào)血液、吸毒和性傳播幾個(gè)方式,卻絕口不提血液庫(kù)中的傳染病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。其實(shí)血庫(kù)里的傳染病,不光有艾滋,還有各型肝炎等多重血液傳播性疾病。近些年情況已有改善,1995年之前曾經(jīng)出過(guò)很多問題,我自己也是受害者之一,幸好不是艾滋病。如果您在2000年之前,接受過(guò)輸血治療,還是盡早去醫(yī)院做個(gè)排查。
高耀潔之所以移民美國(guó),從政府行為角度來(lái)看,是因?yàn)樗环矫嬗|動(dòng)了地方政府和地方官員的財(cái)務(wù)來(lái)源,另一方面又公布了可能會(huì)影響「社會(huì)穩(wěn)定」的不安定信息。這樣的行為之下,選擇移民一點(diǎn)都不奇怪。要不是她得了很多國(guó)際獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),并且得到中央默許,想移民美國(guó)也是不可能的。
她如果是在造謠傳謠,早就在國(guó)內(nèi)被判刑了,更不會(huì)讓她成為「感動(dòng)中國(guó)」的人物。也就是因?yàn)樗谡f(shuō)真話,才沒招來(lái)更多的麻煩。所以,政府并沒有對(duì)她施行什么肉體上的迫害,只是限制人身自由和精神施壓,這一點(diǎn)做的還算厚道。如果她自己看得開,留在國(guó)內(nèi)也無(wú)所謂。但高耀潔的女兒已經(jīng)移民,她沒什么理由繼續(xù)留在國(guó)內(nèi)。作為敏感人士,在中央政府的默許之下,移民美國(guó)沒有任何意外,是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。聽說(shuō)老太太現(xiàn)在過(guò)的雖然不算好,但依舊筆耕不輟,值得敬佩。
但是,如果一個(gè)位卑言輕的人,說(shuō)了很多「實(shí)話」,只得罪了國(guó)內(nèi)當(dāng)局,卻沒有得到什么「國(guó)際關(guān)注」,或者某個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)斷了一環(huán)(最重要的是政府默許),想要前往美國(guó),就不是自己能決定的事情。最終得以移民美國(guó),是高耀潔的幸運(yùn),但也是不幸。
掌握情報(bào)之后,如何表達(dá)是頗具藝術(shù)性的技巧。這種現(xiàn)狀,體制不改,很難有什么優(yōu)化。我們能堅(jiān)持的原則就是,「就算不說(shuō)真話,也堅(jiān)持不說(shuō)假話」。至于體制改革的問題,就不是可以在知乎上空談的事情了。
謝邀,感謝閱讀。