第一篇：國際貨物買賣合同(中英文對照)

國際貨物買賣合同（中英文對照）

一、交貨條款

TERMS OF DELIVERY

１．裝船條件：

Terms of Shipment;離岸加運費價條款：賣方應在本合同第（9）條規(guī)定之時間內(nèi)，將貨物由裝船口岸直接船運到中國口岸，在未經(jīng)征得買方同意前，中途不得轉(zhuǎn)船。貨物不得用懸掛買方不能接受國家的旗幟的船只裝運。

For CFR Terms: The Sellers shall ship the goods within the time as stipulated in Clause(9)of this Contract by a direct vessel sailing from the port of loading to China Port.Transhipment enroute is not allowed without the Buyers' consent.The goods should not be carried by vessels flying of the countries not acceptable to the Buyers.離岸價條款：

For FOB Terms:

(A)裝運本合同貨物的船只，由買方或買方運輸代理人中國租船公司（地址：北京、二里溝。電報掛號：ZHOUGZU PEKING)租定艙位。賣放應負責將所訂貨物在本合同第（9）條規(guī)定的裝船期限內(nèi)按買方所通知的任何日期裝上買方指定的船只。

The shipping space for the contracted goods shall be booked by the Buyers or the Buyers'shipping agent,China National Chartering Corporation(Address: Er LiGou Beijing Cable Address:ZHOUGZU PEKING).The Sellers shall undertake to load the contracted goods on board the vessel nominated by the Buyers on any date notified by the Buyers, within the time of shipment stipulated in the Clause(9)of this Contract.(B)貨物裝運前10—15日，買方應電告賣方合同號、船只名稱、船只預計到港日期、裝運數(shù)量及船運代理人的名稱，以便賣方可與該船運代理人聯(lián)系及安排貨物的裝運。賣方應將聯(lián)系結(jié)果及時報告買方，如買方因故需要變更船只或有關船只提前或推遲到達情況發(fā)生，買方或船運代理人應及時通知賣方。賣方亦應與中租代理保持密切聯(lián)系。

10—15 days prior to the date of shipment,the Buyers shall inform the Sellers by cable if the contract number,name of vessel, ETA of vessel, quantity to be loaded and the name of shipping agent, so as to enable the latter to contact the shipping agent directly and arrange the shipment of the goods.The Sellers shall cable in time the Buyers of the result thereof.Should,for certain reasons,it become necessary for the Buyers to replace the named vessel with another one, or should the named vessel arrive at the port of shipment earlier or later than the date of arrival as previously notified to the Sellers, the Buyers or their shipping agent shall advise the Sellers to this effect in due time.The Sellers shall also keep close contact with the agent of Zhougzu.(C)如買方所訂船只到達裝港后，賣方不能按買方所通知的時間如期裝船時，則空艙費及滯期費等一切費用和后果均由賣方負擔。但如船只臨時撤換、延期或退關等情況而未能及時通知賣方停止發(fā)貨者，在裝港發(fā)生的棧租及保險費損失的計算，應以代理通知之裝船日期（如貨物晚于船代理通知之裝船日期抵達裝港，應以貨物抵港日期）為準，在港口免費堆存期滿后第16天起應由買方負擔，人力不可抗拒的情況除外，但賣方仍負有載貨船只到達裝港后立即將貨物裝船之義務并負擔費用及風險。前述各種有關費用均憑原始單據(jù)核實支付。Should the Sellers fail to load the goods,within the time as notified by the Buyers, on board the vessel booked by the Buyers after its arrival at the port of shipment, all expenses such as dead freight, demurrage, etc.,and consequences thereof shall be borne by the Sellers.Should the vessel be withdraw or replaced or delayed eventually or the cargo be shut out,etc.,and the Sellers

be not informed in good time to stop delivery of the cargo, the calculation of the loss for storage expenses and insurance premium thus sustained at the loading port should be based on the loading date notified by the agent to the Sellers(or based on the date of the arrival of the cargo at the loading port in case port in case the cargo should arrive there later than the notified loading date).The above-mentioned loss to be calculated from the 16th day after expiry of the free storage time at the port should be borne by the Buyers with the exception of Force Majeure.However, the Sellers still undertaked to load the cargo immediately upon the carrying vessel's arrivel at the loading port at their own risks and expenses.The payment of the afore-said expenses shall be effected against presentation of the original vouchers after being checked.2.裝船通知：貨物裝運完畢后，賣方立即以電報通知買方合同號、貨名、所裝數(shù)量或重量、發(fā)票金額、船名、起運口岸、開船日期及目的口岸。由于賣方不給上述裝船通知電報而導致買方不能及時保險時，則所發(fā)生之一切損失均由賣方負責賠償。

Advice of Shipment: Immediately after completion of loading of goods on board the vessel the Sellers shall advise the Buyers by cable of the contract numver, name of goods, quantity or weight loaded, invoice value, name of vessel, port of shipment, sailing date and port of destination.Should the Buyers be made unable to arrange insurance in time owing to the Sellers' failure to give the above mentioned advice of shipment by cable, the Sellers shall be held responsible for any and alll damage and/or loss attributable to such failrue.3.裝船單據(jù)：

Shipping Documents:(A)賣方憑下列單據(jù)向付款銀行議付貨款：

（a)填寫通知目的口岸中國對外貿(mào)易運輸公司分公司的空白抬頭、空白背書的全套已裝船清潔海運提單（如系成本加運費條款則注明運費已付，如系離岸價條款則注明運費待收）。（b)已簽署的發(fā)票5份，注明合同號及裝船碼頭。(c)注明尺碼的裝箱單/或重量單2份。(d)本交貨條款第5條規(guī)定的品質(zhì)檢驗證明書及數(shù)量或重量證明書各1份。(e)本交貨條款第2條規(guī)定的裝船港通知電報副本1份。

The Sellers shall present the following documents to the paying bank for negotiation of paymenta)Full set of clean on board,“freight prepaid” for C﹠F Terms or “freight to collect” for FOB Terms, ocean Bills of Lading ,made out to order and blank endorsed, notifying the Branch of China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation at the port of destination.(b)Five copies of signed invoice,indicating contract number and shipping marks.(c)Two copies of packing list and/or weight memo with indication of measurement.(d)One copy each of the certificates of quality and quantity or weight, as stipulated in the Clause 5 of the Terms of Delivery.(e)One duplicate copy of the cable advice of shipment,as stipulated in the Chause 2 of the Terms of Delivery.(B)賣方需將提單、發(fā)票及裝箱單副本各1份隨船帶交目的口岸買方收貨代理人中國對外貿(mào)易運輸公司分公司。

The Sellers shall despatch,in care of the carrying vessel, one copy each of the duplicates of Bill of Lading,Invoice and Packing List to the Buyers receiving agent,the Branch of China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation at the port of destination.(C)船啟航后立即將1份全套單據(jù)副本航空郵寄買方，另2份航空郵寄目的口岸的中國對外貿(mào)易運輸公司分公司。

Immediately after the departure of the carrying vessel,the Sellers shall airmal one set of the

duplicate documents to the Buyers and two sets to the Branch of China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation at the port of destination.4.危險品說明書：凡屬危險品及/或有毒貨物，賣方必須提供其危險或有毒性質(zhì)、運輸、倉儲及裝卸注意事項和急救、防治、消防方法的說明書，將此項說明書隨同裝船單據(jù)航空郵寄給買方及目的口岸的中國對外貿(mào)易運輸公司分公司各3份。

Dangerous Cargo Instruction Leaflets:For dangerous and/or poisonous cargo,the Sellers must provide instruction leaflets stating the hazardous or poisonous properties,transportation,storage and handling remarks, as well as precautionary and first-aid measures and measures against fire.The Sellers shall airmail, together with other shipping documents, three copies each of the same to the Buyers and the Branch of China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation at the port of destination.5.商品檢驗：雙方同意以制造廠出具之品質(zhì)及數(shù)量或重量檢驗證明書作為賣方向付款銀行議付貨款單據(jù)之一。但貨物的品質(zhì)及數(shù)量或重量的檢驗應按下列規(guī)定辦理：

Inspection: It is mutually agreed that the certificates of quality and quantity or weight issued by the Manufacturer shall be part of the documents to be presented to the paying bank for negotiation of payment.However,the inspection of quality and quantity or weight shall be made in accordance with the following:（A)一般貨物：貨到目的口岸60天內(nèi)經(jīng)中國商品檢驗局復驗，如發(fā)現(xiàn)品質(zhì)或數(shù)量或重量與本合同規(guī)定不符時，除屬于保險公司或船方負責者外，買方憑中國商品檢驗局出具的檢驗證明書向賣方提出退貨或索賠。因退貨或索賠引起的一切費用（包括檢驗費）及損失均由賣方負擔。在此情況下，凡貨物適于抽樣者，如賣方要求，買方可將樣品寄交賣方。

For General Carg In case the quality,quantity or Weight of the goods be found not in conformity with those stipulated in this Contract after re-inspection by the china Commodity Inspection Bureau within 60 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, the Buyers shall return the goods to or lodge claims against the Sellers for compensation of losses upon the strength of Inspection Certificate issued by the said Bereau, with the exception of those claims for which the insurers or owners of the carrying vessel are liable.All expenses(including inspection fees)and losses arising from the return of the goods or claims should be borne by the Sellers.In such case, the Buyers may, if so requested, send a sample of the goods in quetion to the Sellers, provided that sampling is feasible.(B)醫(yī)藥商品：進口的醫(yī)藥商品應受中華人民共和國法律及規(guī)章的約束，凡不合格的醫(yī)藥商品不準進口。雙方同意本合同所訂立此類商品之品質(zhì)應以貨物到達目的口岸后90后內(nèi)經(jīng)中國商品檢驗局檢驗并以該局所簽發(fā)之檢驗證為最后依據(jù)，雙方均遵守之。不合格貨物賣方應予收回，并賠償買方貨款及因退貨而遭受的運輸、儲藏、利息、檢驗等費用損失。如中國商品檢驗局檢驗數(shù)量或重量與本合同規(guī)定不符時，買方有權在貨物運抵目的地口岸60天內(nèi)憑中國商品檢驗局的檢驗證向賣方提出索賠。

For pharmaceutical: Pharmaceutical imported into China are subject to laws and regulations of the People's Republic of China.Disqualitied pharmaceutical are prohibited to be imported.It is mutually agreed that for the quality of the contracted goods in this category, the Inspection Certificate issued by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau after inspection the goods within 90 days from the date of arrival at the port of destination shall be taken as final and binding upon both parties.The Sellers shall take back all the disqualified goods and compensate the Buyers for the value of the goods plus all losses sustained due to return of the cargo, such freight, storage charges, insurance premium, interest, inspection charges, etc.Should the quantity/weight be

found not in conformity with those stipulated in this Contract after inspection by the China Commodity with those stipulated in this Contract after inspection by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau, the Buyers shall have the right to claim against the Sellers for compensation of losses within 60 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination on the basis of the Inspection Certificate issued by the said bureau.6.人力不可抗拒：由于一般公認的人力不可抗拒原因而不能交貨或裝船遲延，賣方不負責任。但賣方必須在事故發(fā)生時立即電告買方并在事故發(fā)生后15天內(nèi)航空郵寄給買方災害發(fā)生地點之有關政府機關或商會所發(fā)給的證件證實災害存在。除因不可抗力致裝船遲延或不能交貨外，如賣方不能按合同規(guī)定期限內(nèi)裝船，則需要賠償買方直接由于遲期交貨或不能按合同條件交貨所遭受之一切損失及費用。人力不可抗拒事故如繼續(xù)存在60天以上時，買方有權撤銷合同或合同中未裝運部分。

Force Majerue: The Sellers shallnot be held responsible for late delivery or non-delivery of the goods owing to generally recognized “Force Majerue”causes.However,in such case,the Sellers shall immediately cable the Buyers the accident and airmail to the Buyers within 15 days after the accident, a certificate of the accident issued by the competent government authorities or the chamber of commerce which is located at the place where the accident occurs as evidence thereof.With the exception of late delivery or non-delivery due to “Force Majeure”causes, in case the Sellers fail to make delivery within the time as stipuated in the contract,the Sellers should indemnify the Buyers for all losses and expenses incurred to the latter directly attributable to late delivery or failure to make delivery of the goods in accordance with the terms of this contract.If the “Force Majeuer”cause lasts over 60 days, the Buyers shall have the rigt to cancel the Contract or the undelivered part of the Contract.7.仲裁：一切因執(zhí)行本合同所發(fā)生與本合同有關之爭執(zhí)，雙方應友好協(xié)商解決。如雙方協(xié)商不能解決時，此爭執(zhí)應提交中國國際貿(mào)易促進委員會對外貿(mào)易仲裁委員會，按照該仲裁委員會仲裁程序暫行規(guī)則進行仲裁。仲裁地點在中國北京。仲裁委員會的裁決為終局裁決，對雙方均有約束力，對仲裁費用除非仲裁委員會另有決定外，均由敗訴一方負擔。

Arbitration: All disputes in connection with this Contract or the execution there of shall be amicably settled through negotiation.In case no settlement can be reached between the two Parties, the case under dispute shall be submitted to the Trade Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade for arbitration.The arbitration shall take place in Beijing,china and shall be executed in accordance with the Provisional Rules of Procedure of the said Commission and the decision made by the Arbitration Commission shall be accepted as final and binding upon both parties.The fees for arbitration shall be borne by the losing Party unless otherwise awarded.

第二篇：買賣合同(中英文對照)

買賣合同（中英文對照）

（供出口合同用）

C．I．F．／C．＆F． 編號NO． 合同格式

C．I．F．／C．＆F．Form 中國 China 買受人：

出賣人： Buyer：

地址：

地址： Address：

Address： 電掛：

電掛： Cable：

Cable： 電傳：

電傳： Telex：

Telex：

上述買賣雙方按照下列條件于______年______月______日簽訂合同

The Seller and the Buyer above named have this ____ dayof ____ ____.entered into this Contract on the followingterms and conditions.1．貨物： COMMODITY:

2．合同總價：

TOTAL CONTRACT VALUE：

3．包裝： PACKING：

4．保險：□根據(jù)中國人民保險公司保險條款按發(fā)票金額110％ INSURANCE：投保綜合險。

Covering All Risks for 110% of the invoice value as perInsurance: Policy of People's Insurance Company of Chi-na(P.I.C.C.)□ 由買方自理。

To be affected by the Buyer． 5．運輸標志：

SHIPPING MARKS： 6．裝運港：

INTENDED PORT（S）OF SHIPMENT： 7．目的港：

PORT OF DESTINATION： 8．裝運期：

SHIPMENT PERIOD： 9．付款條件：

TERMS OF PAYMENT：

□合同貨款應由買方通過賣方可接受的銀行，按合同總價開出以賣方為受益人的、無追索權、保兌、不可撤銷、可轉(zhuǎn)讓、可分批裝運、可轉(zhuǎn)船的信用證支付。憑______即期匯票在提示第十條所列裝運單據(jù)時付款。該信用證最遲應于裝運期開始前______天開到賣方，而且在裝運期結(jié)束后15天內(nèi)仍能在中國有效議付。若買方未能履行上述義務，根據(jù)賣方的選擇，可終止本合同，或接受本合同的部分或全部，或就由此而發(fā)生的任何損失提出索賠。

Payment hereunder shall be made by confirmed;irrevocable andtransferable without recourse letter of credit in favour of the sell-er for the total contract value opened by a bank acceptable to theSeller permitting part shipments and transhipments in one ormore vessels, and available by _______ sight draft(s)againstpresentation of the shipping documents mentioned in Clause 10.The letter of credit shall reach the Seller not less than_______ days prior to the start of the Shipment Period and re-main valid for negotiation in China until the 15th day after theexpiry of the Shipment Period.Should the Buyer fail to fulfil its obligations mentioned above,the Seller shall, at its discretion, terminate the Contract or acceptwhole or part of this contract, or lodge a claim for losses thussustained, if any.10．裝運單據(jù)：

SHIPPING DOCUMENTS:（a）商業(yè)發(fā)票；

Commercial invoices(s);（b）空白抬頭、空白背書、可轉(zhuǎn)讓的清潔提單，或指定買方為收貨人的記名提單； Negotiable clean bill(s)of lading to order blank endorsedor naming Buyer's consigee;（c）原產(chǎn)地證書； Certificate(s)of origin;（d）裝箱單； Packing list；

（e）保險單（只適用于CIF合同）．

Certificate（s）of insurance（in the case of CIF sales）． 11．合同的完整性與轉(zhuǎn)讓：

COMPLETE CONTRACT AND ASIGNMENT：

（a）本合同中的條件和條款構(gòu)成買賣雙方（以下簡稱“雙方”）對合同項下貨物的全部和最終理解。對本合同的任何修改、補充或?qū)贤魏螚l款的免除，均必須經(jīng)受約束方書面確認，否則無效。

The terms and conditions found within this Contractconstitute the complete and final understanding ofthe Seller and the Buyer(hereinafter the Parties)with respect to the commodity referred to herein.Nomodification,extension or release from any provisionhereof shall be effective unless the same shall beconfirmed in writing by the Party to be bound.（b）未經(jīng)賣方事先書面同意，本合同及合同項下的任何權益不得轉(zhuǎn)讓。

Neither this Contract nor any interest thereinshall be assignable without the prior written consentof the Seller.12．擔保： WARRANTY：

賣方擔保所有貨物符合第一條規(guī)定的規(guī)格。除此之外，任何性質(zhì)的陳述，擔保和條件，均予排除并消滅。The Seller warrants that all commoditv will con－form to the description set out in Clause 1.Save asaforesaid all representations, conditions and warrantiesof whatsoever nature are hereby excluded and extin-guished.13．許可證、關稅和稅收：LICENSES，DUTIES AND TAXES：

除本合同另有規(guī)定外，所有進口許可、許可證以及不屬于賣方國家的任何政府機構(gòu)征收的一切進口稅、關稅

和各種稅收均由買方負擔。

Except as otherwise provided herein, all import permitsand licenses and the import duties, customs fees and alltaxes levied by any government authority other than theSeller's country shall be the sole responsibility of theBuyer.14．不可抗力：

FORCE MAJEURE：

如果賣方遇到人力不可抗拒事件，包括但不限于火災、水災、地震、臺風、自然災害以及任何其它賣方不能合理控制的任何意外事故和情況，阻止、妨礙或干擾了本合同的履行時，本合同規(guī)定的賣方履約時間應自動延長，其延長的時間應相當于因人力不可抗拒事件直接地或間接地使賣方不能履行本合同的時間。受不可抗力事件影響的賣方應在合理的時間內(nèi)，用電報或電傳將不可抗力事件的發(fā)生通知買方，并于1個月內(nèi)將有關當局出具的有關不可抗力事件的證明航寄買方。如果不履約的情況延續(xù)達60天以上，雙方應立即協(xié)商修改合同。若從不可抗力事件發(fā)生之日起120天內(nèi)雙方當事人未能取得雙方滿意的解決辦法時，任何一方都可以終止履行本合同的未執(zhí)行部分。

The time for the performance of the Seller's obligationsset forth in this Contract shall be automatically extend-ed for a period equal to the duration of any nonperfor-mance arising directly or indirectly from Force Majeureevents including but not limited to fire, flood, earth-quake, typhoon, natural catastrophe, and all other con-tingencies and circumstances whatsoever beyond theSeller's reasonable control preventing, hindering or in-terfering with the performance thereof.The Seller soprevented by force majeure shall in reasonable time in-form the Buyer by cable or telex of the occurrence offorce majeure and within one month by air mail a rele-vant certificate issued by competent authorities as evi-dence thereof.If the nonperformance lasts for more thansixty(60)days,the Parties shall immediately consult to-gether in an effort to agree upon a revised Contract ba-sis.If the Parties are unable to arrive at a mutually sat-isfactory solution within one hundred and twenty(120)days from the beginning of such force Majeure, then ei-ther of the Parties may terminate the Contract in respectof the unexecuted portion of the Contract.15．索賠： CLAIMS：

如發(fā)現(xiàn)貨物在質(zhì)量、數(shù)量或規(guī)格方面與本合同第一條規(guī)定不符，賣方同意審核任何因此而提出的索賠。該索賠要求應經(jīng)賣方認可的有信譽的檢驗機構(gòu)出具的報告證實。質(zhì)量方面的索賠要求應于貨物到達目的港后3個月內(nèi)以書面形式提出，數(shù)量或規(guī)格方面的索賠要求，應于貨物到達目的港后15天內(nèi)以書面的形式提出。在任何情況下，賣方對利潤損失、時間延誤、商譽損害或其它由此而引起的任何特殊或間接損失概不負責。對于任何原因造成的任何性質(zhì)的一切滅失或損害，賣方的賠償責任，在任何情況下不得超過索賠部分貨物的合同價款，或者根據(jù)賣方的選擇，對此貨物進行修復或更換。

Should the quality, quantity and/or specification of thecommodity be found not in conformity with the descrip-tion set out in Clause one, the Seller agrees to examineany claim, which shall be supported by a report issuedby a reputable surveyor approved by the Seller, Claimsconcerning quality shall be made in writing within threemonths after the arrival of the goods at the port of desti-nation.Claims concerning quantity and/or specificationshall be made in writing within fifteen days after the ar-rival of the goods at the port of destination.In no eventshall the Seller be liable for lost profits, delay, injury togoodwill or any special or consequential damages howso-ever any of the same are caused.The Seller's liability for any and all losses of damages of whatsoever nature resulting from any cause whatsoevershall in no event exceed the portion of the Total Con-tract Price attributable to commodity in respect of whichthe claim is made, or at the election of the repair or re-placement of such commodity.16．仲裁：

ARBITRATION：

本合同受中華人民共和國的法律管轄，并按其進行解釋。一切因合同引起的或與合同有關的爭議，如果可能，應通過友好協(xié)商解決。如果協(xié)商不能解決，任何一方都可以提出仲裁。仲裁地點為中華人民共和國北京。仲裁在中國國際經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易仲裁委員會進行，并適用它的仲裁規(guī)則。仲裁裁決是終局的，對雙方均有約束力。除仲裁另有裁定外，仲裁費用由敗訴方負擔。

This Contract shall be governed by and construed in ac-cordance with the law of the People's Republic of Chi-na.All disputes arising from or in connection with thisContract shall if possible be settled amicably throughfriendly negotiation.In case no settlement can bereached thereby the dispute may if either party so re-quires be resolved by the arbitration shall be Beijing.People's Republic of China.The arbitration shall takeplace in the China International Economic and TradeArbitration Commission and its arbitral rules shall beapplicable.The award shall be final and binding uponboth parties.The arbitration fees, unless otherwiseawarded, shall be borne by the losing party.賣方和買方授權的高級職員或代表于上述日期簽訂本合同，特此為證。

IN witness whereof the Seller and the Buyer havecaused this Contract to be executed by their duly autho-rized officers or representatives as of the day and yearfirst above written.出賣人

買受人

Seller

Buyer

第三篇：買賣合同(中英文對照)

FIB 備件采購合同

FIBPURCHASE CONTRACT

買方：

The Buyer： Co.,ltd

地址：

Add:

Tel:

Fax:

The Seller:

Add:

TEL:

Fax:

1.本合同由買賣雙方訂立，根據(jù)本合同規(guī)定的條款，買方同意購買，賣方同意出售下述商品：

This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller where by the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below:

CIF terms as per Incoterms 2010

CIF條款按《2010年國際貿(mào)易術語解釋通則》規(guī)定

2.制造國別和廠商 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN AND MANUFACTURERS:

3.運輸方式：MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION

空運運輸至成都

The shipment shall be made by air in container to CHENGDU port

4.交貨期限TERM OF DELIVERY:

簽訂合同后4至6周內(nèi)交貨.Allow 4-6 weeks for delivery after contract signed.5.出運口岸PORT OF SHIPMENT:

Antwerp 安特衛(wèi)普

6.包裝：PACKING：

包裝為牢固的新木箱，適合長途運輸，防濕、防銹、耐搬運。由于包裝不良所發(fā)生的損失，由于采用不充分或不妥善的防護措施而造成的任何銹損，賣方應負擔由此而產(chǎn)生的一切費用.木質(zhì)包裝須經(jīng)熱處理并附有IPPC 標志。

To be adequately packed in new strong wooden cases suitable for long distance transportation and well protected against dampness, rust and rough handling.The Seller shall be liable for any damage to the goods on account of improper

packing and for any rust damage attributable to inadequate or improper protective measures taken by the Seller, and in such case or cases any and all expenses incurred in consequence there of shall be borne by the Seller.The wooden packages must be heat treated and bear “IPPC” sign on the surface.7.運輸標志： SHIPPING MARK:

賣方應在每件包裝上用不退色油墨標刷： 箱號，外形尺寸，毛重以及“切勿受潮”等英文字樣，并注有下列運輸標志：The Seller shall mark on each package with fadeless paint the package number, gross weight, measurement and the wordings: “KEEP AWAY FROM MOISTURE” etc.and the shipping mark:8.付款條件 TERMS OFPAYMENT:

電匯付款：在發(fā)貨前收到賣方提供的發(fā)貨通知、發(fā)票、裝箱單掃描件，通過電匯的方式支付合同金額的100%(***)By T/T: 100% of the contract value（EUR***）will be paid by T/T before shipment when the buyer get the copys of delivery note、invoice and packing list.9.發(fā)貨時，賣方應將以下清關單據(jù)與貨物一起裝運,運交買方.One complete documents of customs clearance shall be packedand delivered together with consignment

(1)運輸單據(jù)，一份正本兩份副本。運輸單據(jù)上要注有“運費已付”、合同號和嘜頭。

Transport Document in one original and two copies marked “Freight Prepaid”, contract number and shipping marks.(2)商業(yè)發(fā)票。3份手簽原件，并顯示合同號、信用證號和嘜頭。合同號 Contract No:日期 Date:

Manually signed commercial invoice in 3 originals indicating the Contract number, L/C number,shipping marks.(3)保險單或保險證明書2份，注明投保一切險。Insurance policy or certificate in 2copies, covering all risks.(4)由制造商簽發(fā)的裝箱單一份原件兩份復印件。Packing list issued by the Manufacturer in 1 original and 2 copies.(5)由制造商簽發(fā)的質(zhì)量證明書一份原件一份復印件。Certificate of Quality issued by the Manufacturer in 1 original and 1 copy.(6)由制造商簽發(fā)的數(shù)量證明書一份原件一份復印件。Certificate of Quantity issued by the Manufacturer in 1 original and 1

copy.(7)在貨物裝運后，由賣方通知買方裝運內(nèi)容的傳真復印件一份。A copy of fax to the Buyer advising particulars of shipment

immediately after shipment is made.(8)制造商簽發(fā)的原產(chǎn)地證明一份Certificate of Country of Origin issued by manufacturer in one original.(9)由制造商出具的木質(zhì)包裝已經(jīng)熱處理并帶有IPPC標識的證明原件一份。

Manufacturer’s statement wood meets and is stamped with IPPC mark.in one original.10.技術資料:TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS:

發(fā)貨時，賣方應將英文技術資料一整套與貨物一起裝運,運交買方.One complete set of the technical documents written in English shall be packed and delivered together with consignment.11.裝運通知:SHIPPING ADVICE:

貨物全部裝倉后, 賣方應立即將合同編號、商品名稱、數(shù)量、毛重、發(fā)票金額、快遞公司名稱及快遞單號通知買方。

Immediately the goods are completely loaded, the Seller shall cable to notify the Buyers of the Contract number, name of commodity, quantity, gross weight, invoiced value, name of the express company and the number of the express.12.交貨延遲: DELAY DELIVERY:

如果出現(xiàn)延遲交貨，賣方應按照每延遲一天支付合同金額的1‰的標準向買方支付罰金。但此罰金不得超過遲交貨物總價的 5% ；如果該延遲達到三十天，并且買方未給予寬限期限，則買方有權利撤銷該合同,賣方需支付合同金額的3%作為罰 金,并在三個工作日內(nèi)全額退款。

In case that a delay of goods delivery occurs, Seller shall pay1‰ of the contract price of delayed equipment as penalty for every single day’s delay.The penalty, however, shall not exceed 5% of the contract amount.If a delay delivery lasts more than 30 days(include 30 days)without the grace period Buyer may grant, Buyer shall have the right to cancel this Contract, The Seller shall pay a penalty of 3% of the contract amount and provide a fullrefund within 3 working days.13． 質(zhì)量保證和知識產(chǎn)權保證: GUARANTEE OF QUALITY & PATENT

賣方保證所訂設備系用最好的材料和工藝制造，全新的未曾使用過的并完全符合本合同規(guī)定的質(zhì)量規(guī)格要求。質(zhì)量保證期

為驗收日起的十二個月或貨物運至目的地之日起的十五個月，取短者。

The Seller guarantee that the commodity hereof is made of the best materials with first class workmanship, brand new,unused and complies in all respects with the quality and specifications stipulated in this Contract.The guarantee period

shall be twelve(12)months counting from the date of final acceptance of the contracted equipment or fifteen(15)months counting from the date on which the commodity arrives at the place of destination, whichever occurs the sooner.賣方應賠償買方由于賣方銷售的產(chǎn)品侵犯他人專利、外觀設計、商標、著作權等知識產(chǎn)權而使買方遭受的各種損失（包括由此而產(chǎn)生的訴訟費用）。

The Seller shall compensate and hold the Buyer harmless from and against all claims, liabilities, damages, losses, costs and expenses(including legal fees)pertaining to infringement or alleged infringement of any patent, registered design,trade mark, service-mark, copyright or other intellectual property rights which arise from the goods supplied hereunder or any use or resale by the Buyer of such goods.14.檢驗和索賠 CLAIMS:

在貨物到達目的港90天內(nèi)，如發(fā)現(xiàn)質(zhì)量、數(shù)量或規(guī)格不符合合同的條款，買方將有權根據(jù)中國商品檢驗局簽發(fā)的檢驗證書向賣方索賠。

Within ninety(90)days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, should the quality, specification, or quantity of the contracted equipment be found not in conformity with the stipulations of the Contract, the Buyer shall on the strength of the Inspection Certificate issued by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau, have the right to claim against the Seller.賣方將在第13條規(guī)定的質(zhì)保期內(nèi)保證質(zhì)量，一旦出現(xiàn)貨物無論任何原因引起的缺陷，包括專利和內(nèi)在缺陷或使用不良的材質(zhì)，買方將立即以書面形式通知賣方并以中國商品檢驗局簽署的檢驗證書為準提出索賠。

The Seller shall guarantee that if within the guarantee period stipulated in Articles 13, defective occurred by any reason including patent and latent defects or the use of inferior materials, the Buyer shall immediately notify the Seller in writing and put forward a claim supported by Inspection Certificate issued by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau.賣方收到買方索賠通知后,如果在三十天內(nèi)不答復,應視為賣方同意買方提出的一切索賠。

Any and all claims shall be regarded as accepted if the Seller fails to reply within 30 days after receipt of the Buyer's claim.15.索賠解決辦法:SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS:

如貨物不符合本合同規(guī)定應由賣方負責;同時如買方按照本合同第14條、第13條的規(guī)定在索賠期限或質(zhì)量保證期內(nèi)提出索賠,賣方在取得買方同意后,應按下列方式之一理賠:

In case the Seller are liable for the discrepancies and a claim is made by the Buyers within the period of claim or quality guarantee period as stipulated in Articles 14 and Article 13 of this Contract, the Seller shall settle the claim upon the agreement of the Buyers in ONE OF the following ways:

A.同意買方退貨,并將退貨金額以成交原幣償還買方,并負擔因退貨而發(fā)生的一切費用,包括運費,保險費,商檢費,倉租,碼頭裝卸費以及為保管退貨而發(fā)生的一切其它必要費用。

a.Agree to the rejection of the goods and refund to the Buyers the value of the goods so rejected in thesame currency as contracted herein, and to bear all expenses in connection therewith including freight, insurance premium, inspection charges, storage, stevedore charges and all other, necessary expenses required for the custody and protection of the rejected goods.B.按照貨物的疵劣程度,損壞的范圍,將貨物貶值。

b.Devaluate the goods according to the degree of inferiority, extent of damage

C.調(diào)換有瑕疵的貨物.換貨必須全新并符合本合同規(guī)定的規(guī)格、質(zhì)量和性能.賣方并負擔因此而產(chǎn)生的一切費用.對換貨的質(zhì)量，賣方仍應按本合同第13條規(guī)定的保證期保證。

c.Replace the defective goods with new ones which conform to the specifications, quality and performance as stipulated in this Contract.The Seller shall, at the same time, guarantee the quality of the replacement goods for a further period as specified in Article 13 of this Contract.16.不可抗力事故 FORCE MAJEURE:

由于不可抗力原因，如戰(zhàn)爭、火災、水災、臺風、地震或未能取得政府許可等發(fā)生在貨物制造或運輸過程中，導致賣方交貨遲延或不能交貨時賣方不承擔責任。但賣方應在事故后的十四天內(nèi)通知買方，并將事故發(fā)生地政府主管機關出具的事故證明書用空郵寄交買方，并取得買方認可。在上述情況下賣方仍應采取一切必要措施盡快交貨。如果該事故持續(xù)超過五周以上時買方將有權撤銷本合同。

The Seller shall not be held responsible for the delay in shipment or non-delivery of the goods due to Force Majeure such as war, serious fire, flood, typhoon, earthquake or failure of obtaining government approval(s)which might occur during the process of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit.The Seller shall advise the Buyer of the occurrence mentioned above and within fourteen(14)days thereafter, the Seller shall send by airmail to the Buyer for their acceptance a certificate of the accident issued by the Competent Government Authorities where the

accident occurs as evidence thereof.Under such circumstances the Seller, however, are still under the obligation to take all necessary measures to hasten the delivery of the goods.In case the accident lasts for more than five(5)weeks, the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the Contract.17.仲裁 ARBITRATION:

凡因執(zhí)行本合同所發(fā)生的或與本合同有關的一切爭議，應由雙方通過友好協(xié)商予以解決。如果協(xié)商不能解決，應提交中國國際經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易仲裁委員會根據(jù)中國國際經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易仲裁規(guī)則在上海進行仲裁。該仲裁委員會作出的裁決是最終的，買賣雙方均受其約束。

All dispute in connection with this Contract or the execution thereof shall be settled through friendly negotiation.In case no settlement can be reached, the case may then be submitted to Shanghai International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commissio for arbitration which shall be conducted in accordance with the CIETAC's arbitration rules in effect at the time of applying for arbitration.The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.18.特別條款 SPECIAL PROVISIONS:

本合同由買方和賣方共同簽署，一式四份，買賣雙方各執(zhí)兩份。本合同自雙方簽字后立即生效。附件是合同不可分割的組成部分，與合同具有同等法律效果。

This Contract is signed by both the Buyer and the Seller in four(4)copies, each side holds 2 copies.The Contract shall become effectiveness after its signing by both the Buyer and the Seller.All the appendix of the contract are integral parts of the contract and have the same legal force as the contract.本合同以英文和中文書寫，二種文字具有同等效力。

This Contract is written in both English and Chinese, which have equal validity.買方Buyer賣方Seller

Signature:Signature:

-------------

第四篇：出口商品買賣合同(中英文對照)

編號no._____________

中國 china

c.i.f./c.＆f.

合同格式

c.i.f./c.＆f.from

買受人： ______________ 出賣人：________________

buyer： ______________ seller：________________

地址： ______________ 地址： ________________

adress： ______________ adress：________________

電掛： ______________ 電掛： ________________

cable： ______________ cable： ________________

電傳：______________電傳： ________________

telex： ______________ telex： ________________

上述買賣雙方按照下列條件于____年____月____日簽訂合同。

the seller and the buyer above named have this ____day of ________ _________entered into this contract on the following terms and conditions.

1.貨物

commodity ：

序 號

item no.

單位

description

單價

unit

.數(shù)量

quantity

單價

unit price

總價

amount

2．合同總價：_____________________

total contract value：____________

3．包裝：_________________________

packing：_________________________

4．保險：根據(jù)_____保險公司保險條款按發(fā)票金額___%insurance：投保____險。

covering all risks for ___% of the invoice value as per insurance: policy of people’s insurance company china(p.i.c.c).

由買方自理。

to be affected by the buyer.

5．運輸標志：_____________________

shipping marks：__________________

6．裝運港：_______________________

intended port（s）of shipment：

__________________________________

7．目的港：_______________________

port of destination：_____________

8．裝運期：_______________________

shipment period：_________________

9．付款條件：_____________________

terms of payment：________________

合同貨款應由買方通過賣方可接受的銀行，按合同總價開出以賣方為受益人的、無追索權、保兌、不可撤銷、可轉(zhuǎn)讓、可分批裝運、可轉(zhuǎn)船的信用證支付。憑________即其期匯票在提示第10條所列裝運單據(jù)時付款。該信用證最遲應于裝運期開始前________天開到賣方，而且在裝運期結(jié)束后15天內(nèi)仍能在中國有效議付。

若買方未能履行上述義務，根據(jù)賣方的選擇，可終止本合同，或接受本合同的部分或全部，或就由此而發(fā)生的任何損失提出索賠。

payment hereunder shall be made by confirmed;irrevocable and transferable without recourse letter of credit in favour of the seller for the total contract value opened by a band acceptable to the seller permitting part shipments and transshipments in one or more vessels ,and available by______sight draft(s)against presentation of the shipping documents mentioned in clause 10.the letter of credit shall reach the seller not less than______days prior to the start of the shipment period and remain valid for negotiation in china until the 15th day after the expiry of the shipment period.

should the buyer fail to fulfil its obligations mentioned above , the seller shall ,at its discretion, terminate the contract or accept whole or part of this contract ,or lodge a claim for losses thus sustained ,if any.

10．裝運單據(jù)：

shipping documents：

（a）商業(yè)發(fā)票；

commercial invoices(s);

（b）空白抬頭、空白背書、可轉(zhuǎn)讓的清結(jié)提單，或指定買方為收貨人的記名提單；

negotiable clean bill(s)of lading to order bland endorsed or naming buyer’s consigee;

（c）原產(chǎn)地證書；

certificate(s)of origin;

（d）裝箱單；

packing list;

（e）保險單（只適用于gif合同）。

certificate(s)of insurance(in the case of gif sales).

11．合同的完整性與轉(zhuǎn)讓：

complete contract and asignment：

（a）本合同中的條件和條款構(gòu)成買賣雙方（以下簡稱“雙方”）對合同項下貨物的全部和最終理解。對本合同的任何修改、補充或?qū)贤魏螚l款的免除，均必須經(jīng)受約束方書面確認，否則無效。

the terms and conditions found within this contract constitute the complete and final understanding of the seller and the buyer(hereinafter” the parties”)with respect to the commodity referred to herein.no modification, extension or release from any provision hereof shall be effective unless the same shall be confirmed in writing by the party to be bound.

（b）未經(jīng)賣方事先書面同意，本合同及合同項下的任何權益不得轉(zhuǎn)讓。

neither this contract nor and interest therein shall be assignable witout the prior written consent of the seller.

12．擔保：

warranty:

賣方擔保所有貨物符合第一條規(guī)定的規(guī)格。除此之外，任何性質(zhì)的陳述，擔保和條件，均予排除并消滅。

the seller warrants that all commodity will conform to the description set out in clause 1.save as aforesaid all representations , conditions and warranties of whatsoever nature are hereby excluded and extinguished.

13．許可證、關稅和稅收：

licenses,duties and taxes:

除本合同另有規(guī)定外，所有進口許可、許可證以及不屬于國家的任何政府機構(gòu)征收的一切進口稅、關稅和各種稅收均由買方負擔。

except as otherwise provided herein , all import permits and licenses and the import duties, customs fees and all taxes levied by any government authority other than the seller ’s country shall be the sole responsibility of the buyer.

14．不可抗力：

force majeure:

如果賣方遇到人力不可抗拒事件，包括但不限于火災、水災、地震、臺風、自然災害以及任何其他賣方不能合理控制的任何意外事故和情況，阻止、妨礙或干擾了本合同的履行時，本合同規(guī)定的賣方履約時間應自動延長，其延長年時間應相當于因人力不可抗拒事件直接地或間接地使賣方不能履行本合同的時間。受不可抗力事件影響的賣方應在合理的時間內(nèi)，用電報或電傳將不可抗力事件的發(fā)生通知買方，并于__個月內(nèi)將有關當局出具的有關不可抗力事件的證明航寄買方。

如果不履約的情況延續(xù)達___天以上，雙方應立即協(xié)商修改合同。若從不可抗力事件發(fā)生之日起___天內(nèi)雙方當事人未能取得雙方滿意的解決辦法時，任何一方都可以終止履行本合同未執(zhí)行部分。

the time for the performance of the seller’s obligations set forth in this contract shall be automatically extended for a period equal to the duration of any nonperformance arising derecly or indirectly from force majeure events including but not limited to fire , flood , earthquake , typhoon , natural catastrophe ,and all other contingencies and circumstances whatsoever beyond the seller’s reasonable control preventing , hindering or interfering with the performance thereof , the seller so prevented by force majeure shall in reasonable time inform the buyer by cable or telex of the occurrence of force majeure and within one month by air mail a relevant certificate issued by competent authorities as evidence thereof.if the nonperformance lasts for more than ___(___)days ,the parties shall immediately consult together in an effort to agree upon a revised contract basis.if the parties are unable to arrive at a mutually satisfactory solution within _____(___)days from the beginning of such force majeure , then either of the parties may terminate the contract in respect of the unexecuted portion of the contract.

15．索賠

claims:

如發(fā)現(xiàn)貨物在質(zhì)量、數(shù)量或規(guī)格方面與本合同第一條規(guī)定不符，賣方同意審核任何因此而提出的索賠。該索賠要求應經(jīng)賣方認可的有信譽的檢驗機構(gòu)出具的報告證實。質(zhì)量方面的索賠要求應于貨物到達目的港后__個月內(nèi)以書面形式提出，數(shù)量或規(guī)格方面的索賠要求，應于貨物到達目的港后__天內(nèi)以書面的形式提出。

在任何情況下，賣方對利潤損失、時間延誤、商譽損害或其他由此而引起的任何特殊或間接損失概不負責。

對于任何原因造成的任何性質(zhì)的一切滅失或損害，賣方的賠償責任，在任何情況下不得超過索賠部分貨物的合同價款，或者根據(jù)賣方的選擇，對此貨物修復或更換。

should the quality , quantity and / or specification of the commodity be found not in conformity with the description set out in clause one , the seller agrees to examine any claim , which shall be supported by a report issued by a reputable surveyor approved by the seller ,claims concerning quality shall be made in writing within ___months after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination.l claims concerning quantity and / ofr specification shall be made in writing within ______ days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination.in no event shall the seller be liable for lost profits , delay , injury to goodwill or any special or consequential damages howsoever any lr the same are caused.

the seller ’ s liability for any and all losses of damages of whatsoever nature resulting from any cause whatsoever shall in no event exceed the portion of the total contract price attributable to commodity in respect of which the claim is made , or at the election of the repair of replacement of such commodity.

16．仲裁：

arbitration:

本合同受中華人民共和國的法律管轄，并按其進行解釋。一切因合同引起的或與合同有關的爭議，如果可能，應通過友好協(xié)商解決。如果協(xié)商不能解決，任何一方都可以提出仲裁。仲裁地點為______________。仲裁在________仲裁委員會進行，并適用它的仲裁規(guī)則。仲裁裁決是終局的，對雙方均有約束力。除仲裁另有裁定外，仲裁費用由敗訴方負擔。

this contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of the people ’s republic of china.all disputes arising from or in connection with this contract shall if possible be settled amicably through friendly negotiation.in case no settlement can be reached thereby the dispute may if either party so requires be resolved by the arbitration shall be ______________________.the arbitration shall take place in the ______________ arbitration commission and its arbitral rules shall be applicable.the award shall be final and binding upon both parties.the arbitration fees ,unless otherwise awarded ,shall be borne by the losing party.

賣方和授權的高級職員或代表于上述日期簽訂本合同，特此為證。

in witness whereof the seller and the buyer have caused this contract to be executed by their duly authorized officers or representatives as of the day and year first above written.

出賣人：__________ 買受人：___________

seller：__________ buyer：___________

第五篇：國際貨物買賣合同

1．簡述規(guī)定商品品質(zhì)條款應注意的問題。

1．合同中的品質(zhì)條款，是構(gòu)成商品說明的重要組成部分，是買賣雙方交接貨物的主要依據(jù)?！堵?lián)合國國際貨物銷售合同公約》規(guī)定，賣方交貨必須符合約定的質(zhì)量，如賣方交貨不符合約定的品質(zhì)條件，買方有權要求損害賠償，也可要求修理或交付替代物，甚至拒收貨物或撤銷合同。

2．買賣合同中規(guī)定貨物質(zhì)量的方法有哪幾種？

2．表示商品品質(zhì)的方法主要包括：實物表示法和文字說明表示法兩類。

以實物表示品質(zhì)，包括“看貨買賣”和“憑樣品買賣”兩種、前者是指賣方應按買方驗看過的商品交貨，適合于鮮活商品、古董、工藝品以及字畫等物品的交易。后者指以樣品表示商品品質(zhì)并以此作為交貨依據(jù)的方式，適合于難以用文字表示品質(zhì)的商品。憑樣品買賣時要注意樣品的代表性，并做好樣品的留樣、封樣工作。

憑文字說明表示商品品質(zhì)，可細分為憑規(guī)格買賣、憑等級買賣、憑標準買賣、憑說明書買賣、憑商標或品牌買賣、憑產(chǎn)地買賣等。

3．簡述運輸包裝的作用。

3．運輸包裝又稱大包裝或外包裝，是為了滿足貨物運輸、裝卸和存儲的要求，對貨物進行成件或成箱的包裝。它的作用主要在于保護貨物在長時間和遠距離的運輸過程中不被損壞和散落，同時也起到便于儲存、檢驗、計數(shù)、分撥及節(jié)省運輸?shù)淖饔谩?/p>

4．簡述運輸標準的組成內(nèi)容。

4．運輸標志（Shipping Marks）也稱哇頭，它是一種識別標志，由一個簡單的幾何圖形和一些字母、數(shù)字及簡單的文字組成。按國際標準化組織（ISO組織）的建議，應包括四項內(nèi)容：

—收、發(fā)貨人名稱的英文縮寫（代號）或簡稱；

—參考號（如訂單號、發(fā)票號、運單號碼、信用證號碼）；，—目的地（港）；

—件號。

5．簡述采用中性包裝時應注意的問題。

5．中性包裝是指在商品的本身，以及商品的內(nèi)包裝和外包裝上，不標明生產(chǎn)國別、地名和廠商名稱的包裝。在國際貿(mào)易中，使用中性包裝的目的是為了打破某些進口國家與地區(qū)對某種商品實施的關稅和非關稅壁壘，以及適應某些轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易的特殊需要。它是出口商加強對外競爭，擴大出口的一種手段。采用中性包裝要注意：買方對該產(chǎn)品應該有比較大量的、長期的訂單，以使賣方有計劃地組織生產(chǎn)；需要在訂立合同時注意因中性包裝可能引發(fā)的知識產(chǎn)權糾紛問題；對我國已有良好市場信譽的名牌產(chǎn)品、緊俏商品和銷路良好的商品，不應接受中性包裝，否則會削弱我方產(chǎn)品的名牌地位。

6.簡述CIF和CIP貿(mào)易術語的主要區(qū)別

（1）適用運輸方式不同，CIF適合水運，而CIP則適合各種運輸方式。

（2）交貨地點不同，CIF的交貨地點是裝運港，CIP則是雙方約定地點交貨。

（3）風險劃分界限不同，CIF的風險是越過船舷即可，CIP則是貨交承運人。

（4）運費不同，CIF的運費是從裝運港到目的港段，CIP交貨地點到指定目的地的全程運費。

（5）所投保險險別不同，CIF是投保水運險，CIP則是投保各種運輸險。

7.合同中的價格條款應包括哪些內(nèi)容？訂立價格條款應注意哪些問題？

貿(mào)易合同中的價格條款一般包括兩項內(nèi)容，即單價和總值。單價由四個部分組成，即計量單

位、單位價格金額、計價貨幣和價格術語。訂立價格條款時要注意以下問題：

（1）充分的市場調(diào)查，在信息分析的基礎上合理確定商品單價，防止作價偏高或偏低。

（2）根據(jù)經(jīng)營意圖和實際情況，在權衡利弊的基礎上選用適當?shù)馁Q(mào)易術語，爭取有利的計價貨幣。

（3）靈活運用各種不同的作價辦法，以規(guī)避價格變動的風險。

（4）單價的四個組成部分要書寫正確、清楚，以利于合同的履行，對傭金和折扣的規(guī)定要符合貿(mào)易習慣。

8.簡述合同有效成立的條件

買賣雙方就各項交易條件達成協(xié)議后，并不意味著此項合同一定有效。根據(jù)各國合同法規(guī)定，一項合同，除買賣雙方就交易條件通過發(fā)盤和接受達成協(xié)議外，還需具備下列有效條件，才是一項有法律約束力的合同：

（1）當事人必須具有簽訂合同的行為能力；

（2）合同必須有約因或?qū)r；

（3）合同的內(nèi)容必須合法；

（4）合同必須符合法律規(guī)定的形式；

（5）合同的當事人的意思表示必須真實。

9.簡述貿(mào)易術語的含義及作用

貿(mào)易術語（Trade Terms），是以簡短的概念或幾個英文字母的縮寫，用來說明價格的構(gòu)成及買賣雙方有關費用、風險和責任的劃分，以確定買賣雙方在交貨和接貨過程中應盡的義務。貿(mào)易術語表明了一定的貿(mào)易條件。首先它說明了商品的價格構(gòu)成，即是否包括買賣成本、利潤以外的其他費用，如運費、保險費，或其他從屬費用；其次，它還可以確定交貨條件，即說明買賣雙方在交接貨物方面彼此所承擔的義務、費用和風險的劃分。因此，使用貿(mào)易術語可以簡化交易洽談的內(nèi)容，縮短洽談的時間，促成交易。

10.交易磋商前應做好哪些準備？

在交易磋商前，需要準備的事項很多，主要包括下列方面：

（1）選配素質(zhì)較高的洽談人員

（2）選擇較理想的目標市場

（3）選擇適當?shù)慕灰讓ο?/p>

（4）正確制定洽商交易的方案