第一篇:地震新聞?dòng)⒄Z精解
地震新聞?dòng)⒄Z精解
MEXICO CITY, Jan.22President Vicente Fox declared a state of emergency today in Colima, a coastal state hit overnight by a powerful earthquake that rolled across central Mexico from the Pacific Ocean, killing at least 29 people and rattling millions of Mexico City residents.「參考譯文」
墨西哥地震死亡人數(shù)已達(dá)29人,該國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人宣布實(shí)行緊急狀態(tài)
墨西哥城,1月22日: 總統(tǒng)文森特.福克斯今日宣布科利馬州實(shí)行緊急狀態(tài),該州位于沿海地區(qū),于當(dāng)晚被一次發(fā)生在太平洋(海底)的強(qiáng)烈地震襲擊。這次地震迅速通過墨西哥中部,造成至少29人死亡,并使數(shù)百萬的墨西哥城居民陷入恐慌。
補(bǔ)充提示:最后一句中,rattle在這里是“使慌亂;使不安”的意思。
「精解」
本則新聞是有關(guān)地震的報(bào)導(dǎo)。標(biāo)題中省略了謂語,完整的句子是 The earthquake toll in Mexico has now risen to 29.而emergency是a state of emergency(緊急狀態(tài))的省略。
在此,筆者想借此機(jī)會(huì)介紹一下圍繞地震的有關(guān)英語知識(shí)。首先,關(guān)于地震,可以說
earthquake,quake,shake,以及shock, tremor,temblor(or tremblor)最后一詞用于美語中。地震的“震中”,稱為epicentre, 此外這個(gè)詞還可用于比喻義,如:
Far from the epicentre of power in Bangkok, grass-roots governance is beginning to flourish.在遠(yuǎn)離曼谷權(quán)力中心的地方,平民治理方式正開始盛行。
震后的“余震”叫做aftershock, 既易懂又好記,是不是? 地震的強(qiáng)度(magnitude)一般按照里氏震級(jí)(Richter Scale)劃分,它是將震級(jí)范圍從1到10的一種對(duì)數(shù)標(biāo)度,用以表現(xiàn)地震放出的能量總數(shù),是根據(jù)美國地震學(xué)家Charles Francis Richter 命名的。下面請(qǐng)看兩個(gè)例子:
The Seismology Research Centre says the earthquake measured 3.8 on the Richter Scale with an epicentre about 80 kilometres south-west of Sydney.地震研究中心稱這次地震的震級(jí)為里氏3.8級(jí),震中位于悉尼西南80公里處。
The tremor was placed at 5.6 on the Ricther scale.地震的震級(jí)被測(cè)定為里氏5.6級(jí)。那么,發(fā)生了地震,該如何說呢?地震多屬于突發(fā)事件,來勢(shì)猛烈,去的也快,因此,英語中描述地震的動(dòng)詞也多具有這樣的特點(diǎn)。本文中第一段用了hit 和roll across兩個(gè)詞。roll,表示“波動(dòng)起伏地前進(jìn)”。在接下的文字中,還用了strike, 原文是這樣說的: The quake struck at 8:07 p.m.此外,還可以用 shake, jolt, rock, rip through(迅速或猛烈地移動(dòng))等等。請(qǐng)看下面:
It took only minutes on Saturday June 23rd for a powerful 8.1 earthquake to rip through southern Peru,?? 在六月二十三日星期六,一次強(qiáng)烈的8.1級(jí)地震只用了幾分鐘時(shí)間就波及秘魯南部(全境)??(秘魯?shù)膰烈元M長著稱)
地震之所以可怕,除了其來勢(shì)迅猛,猝不及防外,還因?yàn)樗茐牧@人。英語中,描述其破壞力的詞,按由輕到重的次序大致有damage, destroy, shatter, devastate, level, flatten等等。我們來看一個(gè)破壞嚴(yán)重的例子:
The quake leveled entire towns, flattening the simple adobe, brick structures and leaving nothing but rubble.地震夷平了整個(gè)城鎮(zhèn),摧毀了簡易土坯房和磚結(jié)構(gòu)建筑,在受災(zāi)區(qū)只留下一片廢墟。
今天暫時(shí)到這里,下次繼續(xù)和大家聊有關(guān)地震的話題。
[精解]
讓我們繼續(xù)上次有關(guān)地震的話題。大地震總要造成人員傷亡。如何表述地震中的人員傷亡呢? 象本則新聞標(biāo)題那樣用toll 這個(gè)詞,是一種常見的說法。此外,還有許多其他方式,比如claim, 例如:The quake has claimed more than 15,000 lives.當(dāng)然也可以這樣平實(shí)地說:
At least 64 people were killed and more than 2,000 were injured in the quake.也可以以數(shù)字作主語:
The largest number of deaths appeared to be in a neighborhood called Las Colinas in Santa Tecla.發(fā)生地震后,就要立即展開營救行動(dòng)(rescue effort)以及救濟(jì)工作(relief).在營救現(xiàn)場(chǎng),會(huì)有crane(吊車), bulldozer(推土機(jī)),truck(卡車)等大型機(jī)械在工作,但由于還有生死不明的人被埋在廢墟下面,為避免傷及可能的幸存者,人們往往只能用鐵鍬(spade),撬棒(crowbar),甚至徒手(bare hands)來搜救幸存者,如果條件好會(huì)有救援犬(rescue dog)的協(xié)助。請(qǐng)看例句:
Relief crews were clawing through debris to rescue potential survivors with their bare hands and small tools.震后幸存下來的人是幸運(yùn)的,可是他們還要面臨如何解決食物(food)、清潔飲水(purefied water)、御寒衣物(clothings and blankets)和臨時(shí)住所(temporary shelters),藥品(medicine)等棘手問題,這些也是救災(zāi)工作的重點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)看下面句子:
International organizations have also rushed relief supplies and medical personnel to Gujarat.國際組織已將救援物資和醫(yī)務(wù)人員火速運(yùn)往古吉拉特邦。
Aid continues to pour into the devastated country.救災(zāi)物資繼續(xù)源源不斷涌入受災(zāi)國。
與此同時(shí),醫(yī)護(hù)人員(medical staff)還要在災(zāi)區(qū)建立臨時(shí)醫(yī)院(converted hospital)或臨時(shí)門診部(improvised out-patient department)來救護(hù)傷員。當(dāng)然還要有警察來維持秩序(law and order)以及專家來調(diào)查評(píng)估(survey, assess)地震造成的損失(damage,loss)。
最終,經(jīng)過幾天的營救工作后,工作的重點(diǎn)要由救援(rescue)過渡(shift to)到恢復(fù)和重建(rehabilitation and reconstruction)上來。例如:
Since May, UNICEF(United Nations Children's Emergency Fund)has shifted its focus from relief to rehabilitation in earthquake-affected areas.自五月以來,聯(lián)合國兒童基金會(huì)已將在地震災(zāi)區(qū)的工作重點(diǎn)由救援轉(zhuǎn)向恢復(fù)重建上來。
以上是對(duì)于有關(guān)地震的英語常識(shí)的簡要介紹,當(dāng)然這只是其中一小部分,更多的內(nèi)容需要大家在日常通過大量的閱讀來積累,我所做的僅僅是為了拋磚引玉而已。
第二篇:英語短語精解
1.take place 發(fā)生rina
This story took place 2 years ago.這個(gè)故事發(fā)生在兩年以前。
2.in memory of 紀(jì)念
This photo is in memory of my father.這張相片是紀(jì)念我父親的。
3.dress up 盛裝、打扮
We dressed up to go to the party.我們盛裝去參加聚會(huì)。.4.play a trick on 戲弄、玩弄
He played a trick on me.他開了我一個(gè)玩笑。
5.look forward to 期望、期待
I look forward to meeting you.我期待見到你。
6.as though 好像
It seems as though it is going to rain.好像要下雨了。
7.have fun with 玩的開心
I have fun with my friends everyday.我每天和我的朋友玩得很開心。
8.turn up 出現(xiàn)
He turned up at the meeting.他在會(huì)議上出現(xiàn)了。
9.day and night 日夜We read English day and night.我們?nèi)找棺x英語。
10.keep one’s word 遵守諾言He kept his word.他遵守了諾言。
11.hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
Rina asked us to hold our breath.Rina叫我們屏住呼吸。
12.set off出發(fā)He set off yesterday.他是昨天出發(fā)的。
13.remind…of…使…想起…
This photo reminds me of her.這張相片讓我想起了她。
14.ougth to 應(yīng)該 應(yīng)當(dāng) We ought to study hard.我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。
15.lose weight 減肥He wants to lose weight.他想減肥。
16.get away with 不受處罰
You won’t get away with it if you cheat in the exam.你一定會(huì)受處罰如果你在考試中作弊。
17.tell a lie 說謊He told a lie.他說謊了。
18.win …back 贏回…重新獲
He wants to win her love back.他想贏回她的愛。
19.earn one’s living 謀生
I should learn to earn my living.我應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)謀生了。
20.in debt負(fù)債
I am in debt now.我現(xiàn)在是負(fù)債的。
21.cut down 刪減Please cut down this word.請(qǐng)刪掉這個(gè)單詞。
22.before long 不久以后
Before long he will be a teacher.不久以后他將成為一名老師。
23.put on weight 增肥I wants to put on weight.我想增肥。
24.spy on 監(jiān)督 Our teachers spy us oneveryday.我們的老師天天監(jiān)督我們。
第三篇:英語優(yōu)秀精解
英語優(yōu)秀范文精解
My Little Cousin
My little cousin is lnly 6 years old.She has a pair of watery eyes,a small red mouth and tow braids moving up and down on her head.She is polite.Today I went to the home of my neighbour Uncle Zhing with her.She knocked at the door slightly first.With permission,she went in with me.When we left,she said sweetly,“Bye-bye.”
I really like my little cousin.參考譯文
我 的 小 表 妹
我的小表妹今年才6歲。
她有一雙水靈靈的眼睛,小巧玲瓏的嘴巴,頭上還有兩個(gè)小辮子一翹一翹的。
他很有禮貌。今天我和她一起去鄰居鄭叔叔家。他先輕輕敲門,得到允許后才和我一起進(jìn)去。我們走的時(shí)候,她還要甜甜地說一聲:“再見!”
我真喜歡我的小表妹。
第四篇:英語優(yōu)秀精解35
英語優(yōu)秀范文精解35
優(yōu)秀范文
My Dog
I have a dog.It’s white and yellow.It looks like a small fox.It’s very lovely.We like it very much.Its name is Bob.It has two small ears and two big bright eyes.Its big nose is black.Its nose is very sensitive and its ears are sensitive, too.Its teeth are very sharp.It often sleeps at noon.In the morning and in the afternoon it usually goes out with us.It gets up very early in the morning.Many people like Bob very much because it’s a very funny and nice dog.參考譯文
我 的 狗
我有一只狗,它黃白相間,看上去像一只小狐貍。它很可愛,我們都喜歡它,它的名字叫Bob。
它有兩只小耳朵和兩只又大又亮的眼睛。它的大鼻子是黑色的,很靈敏,耳朵也很靈敏。它的牙齒很尖銳。
它經(jīng)常在中午睡覺。上午和下午它通常和我們出去。它早晨起得很早。
很多人都非常喜歡Bob,因?yàn)樗且恢缓苡腥?,很可愛的狗?/p>
第五篇:英語優(yōu)秀精解40
英語優(yōu)秀范文精解40
優(yōu)秀范文
Mushrooms
Mushrooms are my favourite food.I like eating them very much.There are all kinds of mushrooms in the world.They have different colours, such as red , grey, white and black, even red with some black points and so on.They look like houses and umbrellas.They feel soft and smooth.They are usually cooked with meat.How delicious!
參考譯文
蘑菇
蘑菇是我最喜歡的食物,我非常喜歡吃。世界上有很多種蘑菇。它們有不同的顏色,如紅的,灰的,白的和黑的,甚至還有紅的上面帶有小黑點(diǎn)的等等。它們看起來像房子也像雨傘,摸起來又軟又光滑。人們經(jīng)常用肉炒蘑菇,非常美味!