第一篇：歐洲央行行長(zhǎng)德拉基：銀行業(yè)測(cè)試完成前,歐洲支援需就位_現(xiàn)貨白銀資訊

臻豪財(cái)富 歐洲央行行長(zhǎng)德拉基：銀行業(yè)測(cè)試完成前，歐洲支援需就位_現(xiàn)貨白銀資訊

歐洲央行(ECB)行長(zhǎng)德拉基(Mario Draghi)周五(11月22日)表示，在歐洲央行于一年時(shí)間內(nèi)完成銀行業(yè)測(cè)試之前，除了國(guó)家支援需要就位之外，整個(gè)歐洲的統(tǒng)一支持也需要到位。

在未來(lái)一年，歐洲當(dāng)局將展開(kāi)一系列行動(dòng)，測(cè)試銀行在不求助于納稅人資金的情況下承受新危機(jī)的能力。

德拉基稱(chēng)：“如果民間解決方案無(wú)法以及時(shí)且務(wù)實(shí)的方式達(dá)成，公共部門(mén)也有責(zé)任?！?/p>

他表示，預(yù)計(jì)將在明年1月底之前同歐盟銀行業(yè)管理局(EBA)一同公布?jí)毫y(cè)試的主要參數(shù)。

他認(rèn)為，迫切需要建立單一清算機(jī)制。此外，他支持在遠(yuǎn)早于2018年的時(shí)候?qū)嵭凶跃裙ぞ摺?/p>

德拉基還表示，歐元區(qū)形勢(shì)已大幅改善，但仍面臨挑戰(zhàn)；需要確保經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。

他說(shuō)，維持低利率是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)依舊疲軟；長(zhǎng)期而言低利率確會(huì)危及金融穩(wěn)定，但目前尚未出現(xiàn)這種情況。

他并稱(chēng)，維持物價(jià)穩(wěn)定的使命是雙向的；當(dāng)通脹過(guò)低或過(guò)高時(shí)，歐洲央行必須采取行動(dòng)。

他還指出，多個(gè)國(guó)家拖延改革的執(zhí)行；必須維護(hù)歐元區(qū)共同利益。附近，上方壓力1243附近。

第二篇：歐洲央行行長(zhǎng)德拉基在第8屆統(tǒng)計(jì)會(huì)議上講話(huà)英文版

Eighth ECB Statistics Conference Welcome address by Mario Draghi, President of the ECB, at the Eighth ECB Statistics Conference, Central Bank Statistics: moving beyond the aggregates, Frankfurt am Main, 6 July 2016 The title of today’s conference is “Central bank statistics: moving beyond the aggregates”.Disaggregated data are indeed necessary to identify and analyse the heterogeneity that characterises the real world.For central banks this is particularly important: to implement policy in the most effective way, we need to know how our policy actions affect all sectors of the economy.Both the challenges posed by the current economic climate for monetary and macroprudential policy, and the information required to carry out microprudential supervision by the Single Supervisory Mechanism(SSM)increase our need for granular data.今天會(huì)議的題目是“央行統(tǒng)計(jì):超越總量”。分類(lèi)數(shù)據(jù)確實(shí)需要識(shí)別和分析真實(shí)世界的異質(zhì)性。對(duì)于中央銀行來(lái)說(shuō)，這一點(diǎn)尤為重要:要以最有效的方式實(shí)施政策，我們需要知道我們的政策行動(dòng)如何影響到整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域。當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境對(duì)貨幣和宏觀審慎政策所帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)，以及由單一監(jiān)管機(jī)制(SSM)實(shí)施微觀審慎監(jiān)管所需的信息，增加了我們對(duì)顆粒數(shù)據(jù)的需求。

But this need for a greater level of disaggregation of data comes with its own challenges.The first one is to ensure that data are collected in a way that permits multiple uses.This requires greater harmonisation, and an ability to share data between institutions in a way that still respects confidentiality.The second challenge is to engage with the financial sector to ensure that the increase in data collection does not become burdensome.但這需要更大程度的數(shù)據(jù)分解，隨之而來(lái)的是自身的挑戰(zhàn)。第一個(gè)是確保數(shù)據(jù)以允許多種用途的方式收集。這需要更大的協(xié)調(diào)，以及以一種仍然尊重機(jī)密的方式在機(jī)構(gòu)間共享數(shù)據(jù)的能力。第二個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)是與金融部門(mén)接觸，以確保數(shù)據(jù)收集的增加不會(huì)成為負(fù)擔(dān)。Why the need for granular data? main policy functions in several ways.改善分散的數(shù)據(jù)收集將以多種方式支持歐洲央行的主要政策職能。

On the monetary policy side, greater understanding of the functioning of money markets and of the impact of the monetary transmission mechanism on individual sub-sectors of the economy helps to underpin our analysis of unconventional monetary policy tools and to effectively target future measures.Indeed, this week saw the official go-live of the reporting of data on up to 35,000 daily transactions in the money market, complete with information on quantities, prices and counterparties.This is a very rich information set, crucial for our liquidity management and for understanding the first step of the monetary transmission mechanism.在貨幣政策方面，更好地理解貨幣市場(chǎng)的運(yùn)作，以及貨幣傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)各個(gè)子部門(mén)的影響，有助于我們分析非常規(guī)貨幣政策工具，并有效地制定未來(lái)措施。的確，本周，官方的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在貨幣市場(chǎng)上，每天有多達(dá)35000個(gè)交易數(shù)據(jù)，包括數(shù)量、價(jià)格和交易對(duì)手的信息。這是一個(gè)非常豐富的信息集合，對(duì)于我們的流動(dòng)性管理和理解貨幣傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制的第一步至關(guān)重要。

Collecting more granular data also helps us to better understand the transmission process through the economy more broadly.We need more information on the linkages between individual sectors of the economy and, even more so, between large financial institutions.There are some important areas of the financial sector where we lack complete statistical coverage, especially relating to what we call the “shadow banking system”.These areas include some complex market products and instruments.收集更多的粒狀數(shù)據(jù)也有助于我們更廣泛地了解經(jīng)濟(jì)的傳導(dǎo)過(guò)程。我們需要更多關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)各個(gè)部門(mén)之間的聯(lián)系的信息，甚至是大型金融機(jī)構(gòu)之間的聯(lián)系。金融領(lǐng)域的一些重要領(lǐng)域，我們?nèi)狈ν耆慕y(tǒng)計(jì)覆蓋，特別是與我們所謂的“影子銀行系統(tǒng)”有關(guān)。這些領(lǐng)域包括一些復(fù)雜的市場(chǎng)產(chǎn)品和工具。

Similarly, our new responsibilities in European banking supervision call for new data concepts and definitions, greatly extending the need for granular data.A successful start has been made, with a new set of legal acts.The collection of loan-by-loan data is already being implemented, but further improvements are possible.In particular, we need to make sure that the data we collect are of a high quality and comparable.同樣，我們?cè)跉W洲銀行監(jiān)管方面的新職責(zé)要求新數(shù)據(jù)概念和定義，極大地?cái)U(kuò)展了對(duì)顆粒數(shù)據(jù)的需求。一項(xiàng)新的法律行動(dòng)已經(jīng)成功地開(kāi)始了。貸款數(shù)據(jù)的收集已經(jīng)在實(shí)施，但進(jìn)一步的改善是可能的。特別是，我們需要確保我們收集的數(shù)據(jù)具有高質(zhì)量和可比性。

Effective data integration and cooperation（有效的數(shù)據(jù)整合）

But today’s conference is about more than just collecting additional data.The sharing of data by authorities is also critical.Doing this effectively and efficiently, while maintaining data confidentiality, is a priority for policymakers.It requires action from policy institutions and lawmakers.Putting in place the right architecture will permit a faster and more efficient response to requests across all our policy areas, greatly enhancing the usefulness of granular data.但今天的會(huì)議不僅僅是收集額外的數(shù)據(jù)。當(dāng)局的數(shù)據(jù)共享也很關(guān)鍵。在保持?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)機(jī)密性的同時(shí)，有效和高效地做到這一點(diǎn)，是政策制定者的首要任務(wù)。它需要政策機(jī)構(gòu)和立法者的行動(dòng)。正確的體系結(jié)構(gòu)將允許對(duì)所有政策領(lǐng)域的請(qǐng)求進(jìn)行更快、更有效的響應(yīng)，極大地提高了粒度數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)用性。

We have made some progress on the legal foundations for sharing granular data.Council Regulation 2533/98 has been amended to permit the ECB to(re)use confidential statistical information to perform its supervisory tasks.The information can also be shared with Union institutions, including supervisory and resolution authorities, the European Systemic Risk Board and the European Stability Mechanism for the purposes of prudential supervision and ensuring financial stability.This is a major achievement.我們?cè)诠蚕砹６葦?shù)據(jù)的法律基礎(chǔ)上取得了一些進(jìn)展。理事會(huì)第2533 / 98號(hào)規(guī)則已修訂，允許歐洲央行使用保密的統(tǒng)計(jì)資料執(zhí)行其監(jiān)督任務(wù)。這些信息還可以與工會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)分享，包括監(jiān)管和決議機(jī)構(gòu)、歐洲系統(tǒng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)委員會(huì)(European系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)委員會(huì))和歐洲穩(wěn)定機(jī)制(European Stability Mechanism)，以確保審慎監(jiān)管和確保金融穩(wěn)定。這是一項(xiàng)重大成就。

The European System of Central Banks(ESCB)has also taken important steps to improve the harmonisation and standardisation of data.The current work on the Banks’ Integrated Reporting Dictionary, a joint project involving seven national central banks and 26 commercial banks under the leadership of the ECB, is the best example.This process could and should ultimately enable us to organise the various reporting requirements into a single, comprehensive and harmonised European Reporting Framework.歐洲中央銀行系統(tǒng)(ESCB)也采取了重要步驟來(lái)改進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)的協(xié)調(diào)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。在歐洲央行的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，一項(xiàng)涉及7家國(guó)家央行和26家商業(yè)銀行的聯(lián)合項(xiàng)目是銀行整合報(bào)告詞典的最新工作，這是最好的例子。這個(gè)過(guò)程可以而且應(yīng)該最終使我們能夠?qū)⒏鞣N報(bào)告要求組織成單

一、全面和協(xié)調(diào)的歐洲報(bào)告框架。

But the need for harmonisation and standardisation also extends beyond Europe.Finance is a global business, and both the regulation and the underlying data requirements for global institutions would benefit from more harmonisation worldwide.Concrete steps towards standardisation include the establishment of mandatory requirements regarding the use of the International Securities Identification Number and the global Legal Entity Identifier.Europe should retain its prominent role in the implementation of the second phase of the G20 Data Gaps Initiative.但協(xié)調(diào)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的需求也延伸到了歐洲以外。金融是一項(xiàng)全球性的業(yè)務(wù)，全球金融機(jī)構(gòu)的監(jiān)管和基本數(shù)據(jù)要求都將從全球范圍內(nèi)的協(xié)調(diào)中獲益。對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的具體步驟包括在使用國(guó)際證券識(shí)別碼和全球法律實(shí)體標(biāo)識(shí)符方面建立強(qiáng)制性要求。歐洲應(yīng)繼續(xù)在落實(shí)二十國(guó)集團(tuán)數(shù)據(jù)差距倡議第二階段發(fā)揮重要作用。

Engagement with industry（參與行業(yè)）

As the banking industry has pointed out, lack of standardisation pushes up costs for the private sector and heightens the risk of mistakes or misinterpretation.And there is some truth to this view.正如銀行業(yè)指出的那樣，缺乏標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化會(huì)推高私營(yíng)部門(mén)的成本，增加錯(cuò)誤或誤讀的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。這種觀點(diǎn)也有一定道理。

Policymakers and the industry clearly have a shared interest in focusing on and discussing data collection.It would allow banks to contain their reporting burden and remain competitive at the global level.And it would allow policymakers to improve the quality and relevance of the data they receive.The two groups have quite different roles, but they also share common goals.決策者和行業(yè)顯然對(duì)關(guān)注和討論數(shù)據(jù)收集有共同的興趣。它將允許銀行控制它們的報(bào)告負(fù)擔(dān)，在全球?qū)用姹３指?jìng)爭(zhēng)力。這將使政策制定者能夠提高他們收到的數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量和相關(guān)性。這兩類(lèi)人有完全不同的角色，但他們也有共同的目標(biāo)。As such, data collection should be a joint exercise carried out by the authorities and the banking industry.They can support each other and jointly benefit from the results.After all, there is likely to be a large overlap between the data the authorities need and the data managers of a financial institution require for their own purposes.Standardising the identifiers of counterparties, transactions, products and reporting requirements in general falls within our mandate and is probably our best course of action.I know that this is easier said than done.The establishment of European banking supervision under the auspices of the ECB, and of the three European Supervisory Authorities,[1] gives us a unique opportunity to make progress in this area in Europe.因此，數(shù)據(jù)收集應(yīng)該是由當(dāng)局和銀行業(yè)進(jìn)行的聯(lián)合演習(xí)。他們可以相互支持，共同受益于結(jié)果。畢竟，當(dāng)局需要的數(shù)據(jù)和金融機(jī)構(gòu)的數(shù)據(jù)管理人員需要自己的目的，可能有很大的重疊。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的標(biāo)識(shí)符交易對(duì)手、事務(wù)、產(chǎn)品和報(bào)告要求總體上屬于我們的使命和可能是我們最佳的行動(dòng)方針。我知道這說(shuō)起來(lái)容易做起來(lái)難。歐洲央行在歐洲央行的支持下建立了歐洲銀行監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)，以及三家歐洲監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)，[1]給了我們?cè)跉W洲這個(gè)領(lǐng)域取得進(jìn)展的獨(dú)特機(jī)會(huì)。

Conclusion continue to provide the “big picture” of economic developments.But we should also offer a magnifying glass.Looking at the details beyond the aggregates enriches our understanding of economic phenomena and at the same time increases our flexibility to respond to unexpected policy needs, contributing to even better statistics.我想說(shuō)的是，已經(jīng)建立的ESCB統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)將繼續(xù)提供經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的“大圖”。但我們也應(yīng)該提供放大鏡?？催@些集合之外的細(xì)節(jié)豐富了我們對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象的理解，同時(shí)增加了我們對(duì)突發(fā)政策需求作出反應(yīng)的靈活性，有助于更好地統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。So, once again, I welcome you to this conference and also take this opportunity to thank all the organisers for their efforts in making it happen.I wish all of you an interesting and successful day.I hope you find some answers to the challenges I have mentioned, and I look forward to hearing the results of your discussions.因此，我再次歡迎你們參加這次會(huì)議，并借此機(jī)會(huì)感謝所有組織者為實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)所作的努力。我祝愿你們大家度過(guò)一個(gè)有趣而成功的一天。我希望你能找到我所提到的挑戰(zhàn)的一些答案，我期待聽(tīng)到你的討論結(jié)果。