第一篇：職稱英語A級(jí)成績(jī)可用多次

職稱英語A級(jí)成績(jī)可用多次？寧夏人社廳予以否認(rèn)

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2013-12-13 08:44:28點(diǎn)擊數(shù)：102

字號(hào)： [小] [中] [大] [雙擊滾屏]

近日，一些單位人事部門的工作人員不時(shí)接到單位同事的咨詢電話：報(bào)考職稱外語時(shí)，是不是考了最高等級(jí)的A級(jí)后，評(píng)審初級(jí)、中級(jí)、高級(jí)職稱時(shí)都可以使用？12月12日，寧夏回族自治區(qū)人社廳相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人對(duì)此予以否認(rèn)。

記者從寧夏人事考試中心了解到，按照2014年我區(qū)職稱外語考試的要求，職稱外語考試等級(jí)按不同系列、不同檔次、不同地區(qū)劃分為A、B、C三個(gè)等級(jí)。其中，A級(jí)的適用范圍包括高教、科研、衛(wèi)生、工程系列中，申報(bào)高級(jí)專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)或其他系列中申報(bào)正高級(jí)專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)者；申報(bào)高級(jí)國(guó)際商務(wù)師者。B級(jí)的適用范圍為衛(wèi)生、工程系列中在縣所屬單位工作的人員申報(bào)高級(jí)專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)者(也可報(bào)考A級(jí))；高教、科研、衛(wèi)生、工程系列中申報(bào)中級(jí)專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)者；高級(jí)專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)未分正副的系列(工程系列除外)申報(bào)高級(jí)專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)或其它系列中申報(bào)副高級(jí)專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)者。C級(jí)的適用范圍包括衛(wèi)生、工程系列中在縣所屬單位工作的人員申報(bào)中級(jí)專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)，或其它系列申報(bào)中級(jí)專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)者。

自治區(qū)人社廳專業(yè)技術(shù)人員管理處負(fù)責(zé)人介紹，按照我區(qū)職稱評(píng)審的相關(guān)規(guī)定，在報(bào)考時(shí)，參考人員須根據(jù)各自的系列和檔次報(bào)考相應(yīng)的等級(jí)。除申報(bào)第二職稱、教學(xué)醫(yī)院套評(píng)職稱以及申報(bào)副高級(jí)職稱時(shí)，職稱外語考試成績(jī)達(dá)到要求(自1995年以后參加國(guó)家職稱外語考試達(dá)到A級(jí)合格標(biāo)準(zhǔn))的，申報(bào)正高級(jí)職稱需再次參加同一級(jí)別(A級(jí))考試的，可使用兩次外語成績(jī)外，在職稱外語考試中取得的任何等級(jí)的成績(jī)只能使用一次。不過，該負(fù)責(zé)人也表示，我區(qū)將對(duì)申報(bào)職稱時(shí)在職稱外語方面的要求做出微調(diào)，預(yù)計(jì)明年年初調(diào)整的細(xì)則將會(huì)對(duì)外公布。

此外，按照我區(qū)明年職稱外語考試的報(bào)名安排，12月13日是網(wǎng)上報(bào)名的最后一天，12月15日是網(wǎng)上繳費(fèi)的最后一天，請(qǐng)沒有報(bào)名者抓緊時(shí)間報(bào)名。(新消息報(bào) 記者 裴艷)

第二篇：2012職稱英語B級(jí)押題

詞匯選項(xiàng)（同義詞）

1.It was(advisable)for an old couple to adopt an orphan, as they had no children of their own.C.sensible 2.There are several things to(take into consideration)when you are searching.-A.take into account 3.About eight at night, and already very（weary）, I came to a long house.D.exhausted 4.The revival of corporate-bond markets, if（sustained）, would be good news.-B.maintained 5.She was（strolling）as though she had no particular objective.C.sauntering 6.We're getting a（wage）increase of 40 a year, before tax.C.salary 7.The King is a（mighty）monarch but full of pride, harsh and cruel.A.forceful 8.His account is correct except that some details are（omitted）.-B.elided 9.I'll（answer for）it you shall have nothing put upon you here.-C.take the responsibility of 10.In such cases there is normally a（swift）collapse of value.A.fast 11.It seems that the two friends meet masked and（vaguely）know each other through the disguise.-B.dimly 12.We have a tight schedule for your(brief)visit.-C.short-lived 13.Some of the women in the office felt（dizzy）and screamed.-C.faint 14.No rich country has laid out a（credible）, medium-term fiscal plan-B.believable

15.If they are（unwilling）, the only way to maintain a friendship is to socialize outside their homes.-D.reluctant

詞匯選項(xiàng)（同義詞）

1.We will give every staff(space)to develop.B.room

2.He was known as a(reliable)man.A.faithful

3.He(achieved)success by working hard.B.attained

4.This book isn't(funny)at all.C.amusing

5.Idleness is the(root)of all evil.-C.cause

6.Mary decided to(take out)her bad tooth.-C.extract

7.He is a(highly)competent teacher.-B.quite

8.Can you(account for)why we lost?16.Physicians are prohibited to talk about the topic of sex selection.A.Right

17.Before the study of sex selection, data showing the demand was blank.A.Right

18.In the study 332 women wanted to choose the sex of a future child.B.Wrong

19.Every woman would like to have her next child of the opposite sex.B.Wrong

20.Now in China there are two methods of sex selection being used.C.Not mentioned 21.In vitro fertilization means pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.B.Wrong

22.The method of sperm separation is cheaper than the method of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.A.Right

概括大意和完成句子――Washoe學(xué)會(huì)了美國(guó)手語

Washoe Learned American Sign Language 23.Paragraph 1____ C.General Information about Washoe 24.Paragraph 2____ B.Report about Washoe's Progress in Learning Sign Language 25.Paragraph 3____ E.Debate on Chimps' Intelligence 26.Paragraph 4____ A.Reason Why Not Many Scientists Carry out This Research Nowadays 27.Washoe could make signs to communicate____.C.when she wanted to eat 28.Some scientists doubted____.A.if the Gardeners' argument was sound 29.Washoe taught three younger chimps sign language_____.D.while she was at research center in Ellensburg 30.The experiments thought Washoe was intelligent _____.E.becuase she could use sign language to ask for fruits 概括大意和完成句子――對(duì)別人的第一印象是怎樣形成的 How We Form First Impression 23.Paragraph 2

D.Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against Memories 24.Paragraph 3

C.Illustration of First Impression 25.Paragraph 4

B.Comment on First Impression 26.Paragraph 5

A.Ways of Departure from Immature and Simplistic Impressions

27.Sensory information is one that is received through ___.E.the sights and sounds of the world

28.You interpret ___by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain.D.the meaning of incoming sensory information

29.The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking, which is similar to ___.C.the immature form of thinking of a very young people

30.We can use our mature style of thinking thanks to ___.B.the most complex areas of our cortex

概括大意和完成句子――移動(dòng)卡之間的債務(wù)可以節(jié)省您的錢

Moving Debt Between Cards Can Save You Money 23.Paragraph 2

B.Take up teaser offers 24.Paragraph 3

C.Check the small print 25.Paragraph 4

D.Keep Track of Time 26.Paragraph 5

F.Moving Around and Your Credit Rating

27.Chances are that you would get a cheaper or better card because_____.C.the credit card industry is so competitive.28.These teaser rates will save you a lot of money especially_____.A.if you switch to another card's teaser rate.29.You'll have to pay interest at the normal rate_____.B.if you miss the end of the teaser period by even a day.30.Bear in mind that the longer you move debt around for,_____.F.the fewer companies will want to send you their very best teaser rates.所屬題型：閱讀理解――看許久以前的世界

Seeing the World Centuries Ago

If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors as Arthur。。。more than 75,000 miles.31.This passage is mostly about____.C.where three early travel writers went and wrote about 32.Ibn Battutah traveled____.C.throughout the Muslim world 33.The books of the three writers were popular because____.B.they told of strange and exotic locales 34.The overall organization of this passage is through____.A.chronological order 35.In this passage “attest” means to____.D.give proof of 所屬題型：閱讀理解――“幸運(yùn)的”魯肯伯爵——是死是活

“Lucky” Lord Lucan—Alive or Dead

On 8th November 1974。。。。if it can close the book on this one.36.The public are still interested in the investigation because ____.C.Lord Lucan has never been found 37.It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because ____.C.it was dark and he thought she was Lady Lucan 38.Aspinall thought Lucan killed himself by ____.D.sinking his boat 39.Lucan could have been killed because people ____.B.thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caught 40.EX-detective MacLaughlin claimed that Mr.Barry Haplin ____.C.was really Lord Lucan in disguise 所屬題型：閱讀理解――講述可怕的過去

Tales of the Terrible Past

It is not the job of。。。historical situations alive for a modern audience.41.This passage is mostly about____.D.two novels that deal with slavery 42.Beloved is set____.C.in Ohio after the Civil War

43.The writer seems to feel that____.B.the books are worthwhile but challenging 44.The writer emphasizes that the two books are similar in their____.D.portrayal of violence

45.The word “appalling” means____.A.terrible

閱讀理解――撒哈拉沙漠

The Sahara

The name Sahara。。。。The round trip across the vast sands takes one month.31.This passage is mostly about____.A.life in the Sahara

32.Rainfall in most of the Sahara is____.A.less than five inches per year

33.The Sahara can be described as____.A.a place of contrasts

34.The phrase “an area roughly the size of the United States” gives an indication of the size of____.C.the Sahara

35.In this passage caravan means____.B.a group traveling together through difficult country

閱讀理解――芭蕾舞的發(fā)展

The Development of Ballet

Ballet is a dance form that has。。。。1948 and to influence new generations of dancers.。

36.This passage deals mainly with____.C.the way ballet developed

37.An important influence in early ballet was____.D.Louis XIV

38.You can conclude from this passage that ballet____.B.will continue to change as new people and ideas influence it

39.The information in this passage is presented____.D.in chronological order

40.The word pageants means____.D.elaborate shows 閱讀理解――《晚宴派對(duì)》

The Dinner Party

I first heard this。。。。Because it was crawling across my foot.“ 41.Which of the statements about the dining room is NOT true? C.It has limited space.42.In the discussion the major says in any crisis a man C.has that ounce more of control than a woman has.43.The American feels startled when he sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda in that A.he knows there must be a cobra in the dining room.44.Instead of warnning the others, the American asks them C.not to move a muscle while he is counting.45.What does the American do when he sees the cobra emerge?

D.He jumps to slam the veranda doors safely shut.閱讀理解――索非婭。羅蘭

Sophia Loren 31.Sophia Loren was once nicknamed Stechetto because C.she was skinny and little.32.Her first taste of glamour gained her C.a train ticket to Rome and $35.33.In another beauty contest Sofia won A.the second place.34.Which of the following statements about Carlo Ponti is NOT true? D.He first got married in 1957.35.When did Loren and Ponti legally get married? D.In 1966 閱讀理解――走私

Smuggling

It is not unusual。。。surprises us.” 36.The dog was different from others in that A.it had an unusual lump on its body.37.The smuggler uses snakes to C.transport the drugs.38.How many pounds of heroin were estimated to be smuggled into the United States in 1994? B.2,577 39.Which of the following could best replace

the expression “small fry” in the third paragraph?

C.Small smugglers

40.What is this article about?

C.Varied drug transportation methods 閱讀理解――作出暫時(shí)的犧牲的愛

Making a Temporary Sacrifice of Love

For two years,。。be for the rest of our lives.41.What does Hurley's husband do？ B.He is a student.42.In tradition, what kind of husband do American women want?

C.Men with higher education.43.When making the sacrifice, those women will face the following difficulties EXCEPT that

D.others' misunderstanding.44.What does the word “breadwinner” in paragraph five mean?

A.The person who supports the family.45.What is Mike's attitude towards the future of his family in the hard days? B.Optimistic.補(bǔ)全短文――虛擬駕駛員

Virtual Driver

Driving involves sharp。。。should be like.46.()D.But how does an intelligent car control itself?

47.()C.This is the brain of the car.48.()E.It completes the processing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds.49.()A.Experts say that we cannot do that just yet.50.()B.In the near future, intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation.補(bǔ)全短文――如何幫助孩子克服恐懼

Help the Children Conquer Fear

Many parents struggle。。particularly fears of imaginary creatures.46.()C.The study appears in the November 2009 issue of the journal Child Development.47.()A.Each story featured a child alone or with another person.48.()F.They were also asked to offer a way to help the child in the story feel less afraid.49.()D.In these situations, girls more often wanted to avoid the creature than boys.50.()B.But older children tended to suggest reminding themselves what the reality was.補(bǔ)全短文――遠(yuǎn)程辦公

Telecommuting

Telecommuting, substituting the computer for the trip to the job,。。。。That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.46.()C.For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board by eliminating commutes.47.()E.Those local governments also believe the use of telecommuting can improve air quality.48.()A.She hooks up her telephone modern connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.49.()F.Because young children cannot recognize the necessary boundaries between work and family.50.()D.Besides workers, telecommuting management too must separate the myth from the reality.所屬題型：完形填空――職業(yè)母親

Working Mothers

Carefully conducted。。。(65)that matters.51.（）A.view

52.（）C.number

53.（）A.afford

54.（）C.necessity 55.（）B.cut 56.（）D.comes

57.（）C.across

58.（）C.In reality

59.（）B.matter

60.（）A.perfectly

61.（）C.members

62.（）D.plenty of 63.（）B.attached

64.（）D.do

65.（）A.quality

完形填空――有鳥陪伴的生活

A Life with Birds 51.（）B.better

52.（）D.top

53.（）C.From

54.（）A.for

55.（）D.offered

56.（）C.hesitation

57.（）A.aware

58.（）B.maintaining

59.（）B.make

60.（）A.devotes

61.（）D.fact

62.（）C.keep

63.（）C.At first

64.（）B.keen

65.（）B.all

完形填空――城市交通

Traffic in Our Cities

The volume of traffic(65)at an acceptable level.51.（）A.of

52.（）D.persuade

53.（）A.approach

54.（）B.increasing

55.（）D.taking away 56.（）C.breaks

57.（）D.known

58.（）B.number

59.（）A.fixed

60.（）C.dealing

61.（）A.outskirts

62.（）D.final

63.（）B.thing

64.（）C.give up

65.（）B.kept

第三篇：職稱英語理工類AB級(jí)近義詞組整理

decide – determine – make up one’s mind決定, 下決心

result – consequence – effect--outcome 結(jié)果

effect – realize 實(shí)現(xiàn)

realize--know – be aware of – be conscious of 意識(shí)到

think – guess – believe 認(rèn)為

remember – memorize 記住

reason – cause--motive(B級(jí))原因

cause – bring about 造成 obtain – get – gain 得到

certain – some 某一個(gè)的

certain – sure – positive – doubtless 確定的 employ--hire 雇傭

employ – use – utilize(A 級(jí))--harness(A 級(jí))使用, 利用

scare – frighten 使害怕

quickly – fast 很快地

at stake--in danger – in distress(B 級(jí))處于危險(xiǎn)之中

dangerous – hazardous(A 級(jí))危險(xiǎn)的 danger – hazard(B 級(jí))危險(xiǎn)

out of question – doubtless 毫無疑問的

out of the question – impossible – unlikely 不可能的

call for – ask – require – request--demand – insist on要求

call off – cancel 取消

call sb.up – telephone sb.給某人打電話

get up – arise 起床

raise – increase 增加

arrive at – reach – get to 到達(dá)

leave – depart(B級(jí))離開

immediately – right away – at once 立刻

look for – seek for 尋找

look after – take care of – care for 照顧

look forward to – expect 盼望, 期待

look up to – respect 尊敬

lose – miss 丟失

offer – give 給與

discuss – debate – talk over 討論

discussion – debate討論

sympathize – feel sorry 感到同情

reject – refuse – decline – turn down 拒絕

though – although 盡管

beautiful – pretty – attractive – lovely--handsome 美麗的 famous – noted –distinguished – celebrated 著名的 dim – faint 模糊的

complete – finish – accomplish--fulfill 完成 dark – black 黑色的 darken – blacken 使變黑

adequate – enough –ample(A 級(jí))–sufficient 充足的 mild – gentle 溫柔的，溫和的 strange – odd – abnormal(B級(jí))奇怪的

surprised – astonished – shocked 感到吃驚的 surprising – astonishing – shocking 令人吃驚的 proper – appropriate 適當(dāng)?shù)?suitable – fit 適合的 fit – healthy 健康的

finally – at last – in the end – eventually – ultimately(A 級(jí))最終的

put off – postpone – delay – defer(A級(jí))推遲

end – finish – stop –cease--come to an end—terminated(A 級(jí))停止

participate in – take part in – join in – be involved in 參加

now and then--occasionally 偶爾

constantly – continuously – endlessly 不斷地

criticize--blame 批評(píng)

grasp – catch hold of 抓住

follow – understand – comprehend(A 級(jí))理解

take …into consideration – take …into account 把…考慮在內(nèi)

recently – lately 最近

tolerate – bear – stand – put up with – endure 忍受

abandon – give up 放棄

rescue – save 拯救

convert – change 轉(zhuǎn)變，兌換

change – alter – vary – modify(B級(jí))改變，變化

increase – add to – enhance 增加

remedy(B級(jí))– cure – treat 治療

practically – almost 幾乎

accidentally – by chance – by accident 偶然

sometimes – from time to time – at times 有時(shí)

ready – prepared 有準(zhǔn)備的

get ready for – get prepared for 為…做好準(zhǔn)備

ready – willing 樂意的

rarely – hardly – seldom 很少，幾乎不

usually – normally 通常地

normal – common – usual – average 通常的 suddenly – abruptly(A級(jí))突然地

protect – preserve 保護(hù)

slight – a little 輕微的

harmful – damaging--bad 有害的 harm – damage 損害

hurt – injure 傷害

shine – polish 擦亮

deadly – killing – fatal 致命的 affect – influence – impact 影響

impartial(B級(jí))– fair – just 公正的 extract – take out 拔出

repair – fix 修理

physician – doctor 醫(yī)生

depend on – rely on – be dependent on 依靠

particularly – especially 尤其，特別

obvious – evident – clear – distinct 明顯的 safe – secure 安全的

ensure – make sure – make certain 確保

pretty – very – rather – fairly 相當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

distant – remote 遙遠(yuǎn)的

important – essential – crucial 重要的 branch – division 部門

company – firm – concern – corporation – enterprise 公司

behavior – conduct 行為

steady – stable 穩(wěn)定的

spare time – free time 空閑時(shí)間

accelerate(B級(jí))– speed up – step up – pick up 加速

decrease(B級(jí))– reduce – cut down on 減少

deficient(A級(jí))– short 缺乏的

delighted – joyful – happy—glad--pleased 高興的 accumulate – gather – collect 積聚，積累

speed – rate 速度

allocate(A級(jí))– assign – distribute 分配

assignment – task 任務(wù)

order – direct 命令

childish(A級(jí))– immature 不成熟的 foolish – stupid--dull 愚蠢的 empty – vacant – bare 空的

regardless of – despite – in spite of不管，不顧

unique – particular 獨(dú)特的 as a result – in consequence 結(jié)果

on purpose – intentionally 故意地

pressing – urgent 緊迫的 problem – issue 問題

view – opinion – viewpoint – standpoint – point of view – notion – idea 觀點(diǎn), 見解

notion – concept – idea 概念

characteristic – feature 特征

be characteristic of – be typical of 是….所特有的 difficult – hard – tough 困難的 area – field 領(lǐng)域

area – region 區(qū)域

final –last 最后的

diploma – certificate 證書

pleasing – satisfactory 令人滿意的 wish – hope 希望

massive – extensive – a mass of--plentiful大量的 conference – meeting會(huì)議

close – intimate--near親密的 link – connect 連接

explore – investigate 調(diào)查

propose – suggest – advise--recommend 建議

cater for – meet – satisfy 滿足

provide – supply – furnish 提供

collaborate(A級(jí))– cooperate 合作

merge(B級(jí))– unite – combine – join 聯(lián)合，合并

come across – run into – meet 遇到

compel(A級(jí))– force 迫使

appealing – attractive--fascinating 吸引人的

appeal to--tempt – attract – fascinate(A 級(jí))吸引

temptation(B級(jí))– attraction 誘惑

instruct – teach 教授(…課程)

confidential(A 級(jí))– secret 秘密的 private – personal 私人的 vanish – disappear 消失

phase – stage 階段

pattern – mode 模式，式樣

destroy – ruin 毀滅

facilitate(A 級(jí))– help – assist 有助于

manufacture – make – produce – turn out 制造，生產(chǎn)

prior to – before 在…之前

for good – forever 永遠(yuǎn)

be anxious to do …----be eager to do…---be keen to ….渴望…

consolidate(A 級(jí))– strengthen 加強(qiáng)，鞏固

contaminate(A 級(jí))–– pollute – stain(A 級(jí))污染

depict(A 級(jí))– describe 描寫

write down – put down 寫下

endeavor(B 級(jí))– try – attempt 努力

annoy – irritate(A 級(jí))使生氣

annoying – irritating 討厭的，令人生氣的 tease(A 級(jí))– make fun of取笑

laugh at – mock(B 級(jí))嘲笑

boring – dull--uninteresting令人厭煩的 seem – appear 看起來

contented – satisfactory – satisfied 滿意的 exhibit – show 展示

show – indicate 表明

hate – dislike – be tired of – be sick of 討厭，不喜歡

terrible--awful 可怕的

precise – accurate – exact 精確的 concise – brief--short 簡(jiǎn)明的 deceive(A 級(jí))– cheat 欺騙

elementary – basic – primary – fundamental 基本的 purchase – buy 購買

deal with – cope with – handle 應(yīng)付，處理

forbid – prohibit(A 級(jí))--ban 禁止

lawful – legal 合法的

orthodox(A 級(jí))--conventional 傳統(tǒng)的 unbelievable – incredible 難以置信的

industrious(B 級(jí))– hardworking 勤勞的，刻苦的

indispensable(A 級(jí))– necessary必須的

principal –chief--leading---main 主要的，首要的 employ – hire 雇傭

fire – dismiss – send away解雇

postulate(A 級(jí))– assume – suppose 假定

on the verge of---close to 接近于, 瀕臨于

extinction(A 級(jí))– die out 滅絕

gaze at – look at – stare at 凝視，注視

eligible(A 級(jí))– entitled – qualified 有資格的 employment – work – job 工作

encourage – inspire – push 鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)

no longer – no more 不再

admit – acknowledge 承認(rèn)

allow – permit 允許

state – declare – announce 宣布，聲明

regret – sorry 遺憾的 remove – get off 脫下

start – begin 開始

complicated(A 級(jí))– complex 復(fù)雜的

comply with(A 級(jí))– observe – abide by(A 級(jí))--stick to 遵守

previous – former 以前的 maintain – hold – think 認(rèn)為

cause – bring about – lead to – result in 導(dǎo)致

error – mistake 錯(cuò)誤

component – ingredient – element 成分

solve – settle 解決(問題)

probe(A 級(jí))– explore 探查

involve – include 包括

numerous – a number of – a lot of – abundant(B 級(jí))– plentiful 大量的, 豐富的

stay –remain 保持(用作半系動(dòng)詞)

rest – break 休息

account for – explain 解釋

examination – test 測(cè)試，考試

examine – check up 檢查，核對(duì)

gain – put on 增加

put up – lift – raise 舉起

put up – build – construct 建造

foster – cultivate – cultivate(B級(jí))培養(yǎng)

alleviate(A級(jí))– relieve--lessen 減輕，減少

severe –serious--bad 嚴(yán)重的 severe – strict 嚴(yán)厲的

sharp– acute – severe 劇烈的(疼痛)

severe – hard-tough艱苦的 quit – give up – abandon放棄

subject – topic 話題

remarkable – exceptional – extraordinary – great – marvelous – striking – special – unusual顯著的

uneasy(A 級(jí))– worried 焦慮的 demolish(A 級(jí))– pull down 拆毀

adverse(A 級(jí))– unfavorable 不利的，相反的 courteous(A 級(jí))– polite – respectful 有禮貌的 courtesy(A 級(jí))– politeness – good manners 禮貌

insane(A 級(jí))– crazy – mad 瘋狂的 sensible –wise – advisable(B 級(jí))明智的 clever – intelligent – wise – bright 聰明的(be)exhausted –(be)tired –(be)worn out 疲憊

believable – convincing--credible(B 級(jí))可信的 original – initial 最初的 original – creative 創(chuàng)造性的

competent – capable – able 有能力的

vigorous(A級(jí))– energetic – dynamic(B級(jí))精力充沛的，有活力的

第四篇：職稱英語理工AB級(jí)近義詞組推薦

職稱英語理工AB級(jí)近義詞組推薦(3)appealing – attractive--fascinating 吸引人的appeal to--tempt – attract –

fascinate(A 級(jí))吸引

temptation(B級(jí))– attraction 誘惑

instruct – teach 教授(…課程)

confidential(A 級(jí))– secret 秘密的

private – personal 私人的 vanish – disappear 消失

phase – stage 階段

pattern – mode 模式，式樣

destroy – ruin 毀滅

facilitate(A 級(jí))– help – assist 有助于

manufacture – make – produce – turn out 制造，生產(chǎn)

prior to – before 在…之前

for good – forever 永遠(yuǎn)

be anxious to do …----be eager to do…---be keen to ….渴望…

consolidate(A 級(jí))– strengthen 加強(qiáng)，鞏固

contaminate(A 級(jí))–– pollute – stain(A 級(jí))污染

depict(A 級(jí))– describe 描寫

write down – put down 寫下

endeavor(B 級(jí))– try – attempt 努力

annoy – irritate(A 級(jí))使生氣

annoying – irritating 討厭的，令人生氣的

tease(A 級(jí))– make fun of取笑

laugh at – mock(B 級(jí))嘲笑

boring – dull--uninteresting令人厭煩的

seem – appear 看起來

contented – satisfactory – satisfied 滿意的

exhibit – show 展示

show – indicate 表明

hate – dislike – be tired of – be sick of 討厭，不喜歡

terrible--awful 可怕的 precise – accurate – exact 精確的 concise – brief--short 簡(jiǎn)明的 deceive(A 級(jí))– cheat 欺騙

elementary – basic – primary – fundamental 基本的

purchase – buy 購買

deal with – cope with – handle 應(yīng)付，處理

forbid – prohibit(A 級(jí))--ban 禁止

lawful – legal 合法的

orthodox(A 級(jí))--conventional 傳統(tǒng)的 unbelievable – incredible 難以置信的

industrious(B 級(jí))– hardworking 勤勞的，刻苦的

indispensable(A 級(jí))– necessary必須的

principal –chief--leading---main 主要的，首要的

employ – hire 雇傭

fire – dismiss – send away解雇

postulate(A 級(jí))– assume – suppose 假定

on the verge of---close to 接近于, 瀕臨于

extinction(A 級(jí))– die out 滅絕

gaze at – look at – stare at 凝視，注視

eligible(A 級(jí))– entitled – qualified 有資格的

employment – work – job 工作

encourage – inspire – push 鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)

no longer – no more 不再

admit – acknowledge 承認(rèn)

allow – permit 允許

state – declare – announce 宣布，聲明

regret – sorry 遺憾的 remove – get off 脫下

start – begin 開始

complicated(A 級(jí))– complex 復(fù)雜的

comply with(A 級(jí))– observe – abide by(A 級(jí))--stick to 遵守

previous – former 以前的 maintain – hold – think 認(rèn)為

cause – bring about – lead to – result in 導(dǎo)致

error – mistake 錯(cuò)誤

component – ingredient – element 成分

solve – settle 解決(問題)

probe(A 級(jí))– explore 探查

involve – include 包括

numerous – a number of – a lot of – abundant(B 級(jí))– plentiful 大量的, 豐富的

stay –remain 保持(用作半系動(dòng)詞)

rest – break 休息

account for – explain 解釋

examination – test 測(cè)試，考試

examine – check up 檢查，核對(duì)

gain – put on 增加

put up – lift – raise 舉起

put up – build – construct 建造

foster – cultivate – cultivate(B級(jí))培養(yǎng)

alleviate(A級(jí))– relieve--lessen 減輕，減少

severe –serious--bad 嚴(yán)重的

severe – strict 嚴(yán)厲的

sharp– acute – severe 劇烈的(疼痛)

severe – hard-tough艱苦的 quit – give up – abandon放棄

subject – topic 話題

remarkable – exceptional – extraordinary – great – marvelous – striking –

special – unusual顯著的 uneasy(A 級(jí))– worried 焦慮的 demolish(A 級(jí))– pull down 拆毀

adverse(A 級(jí))– unfavorable 不利的，相反的 courteous(A 級(jí))– polite – respectful 有禮貌的 courtesy(A 級(jí))– politeness – good manners 禮貌

insane(A 級(jí))– crazy – mad 瘋狂的 sensible –wise – advisable(B 級(jí))明智的 clever – intelligent – wise – bright 聰明的(be)exhausted –(be)tired –(be)worn out 疲憊

believable – convincing--credible(B 級(jí))可信的

original – initial 最初的 original – creative 創(chuàng)造性的 competent – capable – able 有能力的

vigorous(A級(jí))– energetic – dynamic(B級(jí))精力充沛的，有活力的

第五篇：2014職稱英語衛(wèi)生類A級(jí)完形填空及譯文

2014職稱英語教材-衛(wèi)生類A級(jí)5篇完形填空及參考譯文（紅色為書中選項(xiàng)答案）

+11Migrant Workers

In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another.some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers.This is particularly the case in the Middle East,1increased oil incomes have enabled many countries tooutsiders to improve local facilities.the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe.It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries,South Korea and Japan.In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East, 2 it is notthat the pay is high to attract suitable workers.Many engineers and technicians can earn at leastmoney in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction.An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it.3 This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage., the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each othersafety and comfort., many migrant workers can save large sums of money partlythe lack of entertainment facilities.The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutionsproblems rather than do routine work in their home country.One major problem whichmigrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones.They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence.This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents., migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of thefinancial benefits which they receive.+ 12Dreams

Everyone can dream．Indeed, everyone does dream．Those whothat they never dream at all actually dreamas frequently as the rest of us,they may not remember anything about it．Even those of us who are perfectlyof dreaming nightnight very seldom remember those dreams indetail but merely retain an untidy mixture of seemingly unrelated impressions.Dreams are not simply visual-we dream with all our, so that we appear to experience sound, touch, smell, and taste．

One of the world's oldestwritten documents is the Egyptian Book of Dreams．This volume is about five thousand years old, so you canthat dreams were believed to have a

special significance even then．Many ancient civilizations believed that younever ask a sleeping person as, during sleep, the soul had left the body and might not be able to returntime if the sleeper were suddenly.From ancient times to the present,people have beenattempts to interpret dreams and to explain their significance．There are many books available on the subject of dream interpretation．a(chǎn)lthough unfortunately there are almost as many meanings for a particular dreamthere are books．

+13

Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack

German researchers havea new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protectionsudden death from cardiac arrest.In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these casesby disruption to the heart’s rhythm.Those most at risk are patients who havesuffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosingdisruption to heart rnythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds.These devicesa range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG)within the body.This integrated system allows early diagnosis ofblood-flow problems and a pending heart attack.It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year.Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders of ECG data The overwhelmingof patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs onlyinto account a linear correlation of the data.We are, however, making usea non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to showthe new software evaluates the data considerably better.+14YoungAdultsWho ExerciseGetHigherIQScores(新增)

Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ`and are moreto go on to university, reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hopital.The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences(PNAS).The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were

born between 1950 and 1976.The research group analysed theof both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.The study shows a clear linkgood physical fitness and better results for the IQ test.The strongest links are for thinking and verbal comprehension,But it is only fitness that plays a in the results for the IQ test,and not strength,”Being fit means that you also have good heart and lungand that your brain gets plenty of ,” says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahogrenska University Hospital.”This may be one of the reasonswe can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular.We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”

By analysing data for twins,the researchers have beento determine that it is primarily environmental facors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a IQ.“We have also shown that those youngsters whotheir physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,”says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre.”This being the case, physicalis a subject that has an important place in schools,and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”

The researchers have also compared the results from fitness testsnational service with the socio-economic status of the men latter in,Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education,and many secured more qualified jobs.+15Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years

A hundred years ago，life expectancy in developed countries was about 47: in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74.Women to about 80, and theseare rising all the time.What has broughtthese changes? When we look at the lifeof people l00 years ago, we need to look at the greatestof the time.In the early 20th century, these were the acute and ofteninfectious diseases such as smallpox.Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.In theworld these diseases are fartoday,90 and in some cases have almost disappeared.A number ofshave led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, whichbacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinationscommon diseases., people's generalhealth has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food，better and warmer housing，and better understanding of nutrition.Genetically，we should all be able to live to about 85 butpeople do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age.The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and thoseby viruses, such as influenza and AIDS l.Of course, cancer is a huge

killer as well.In most cases these diseases affectpeople, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesitymore heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as “l(fā)ifestyle diseases”，which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.移民工人

在過去的20年，工人從一個(gè)國(guó)家到另一個(gè)國(guó)家的趨勢(shì)越來越大。一些剛剛獨(dú)立的國(guó)家把大部分工作留給當(dāng)?shù)厝耍@一點(diǎn)是可以理解的，而另一些卻吸引和歡迎移民工人。中東地區(qū)的情況尤為如此。那里增加的石油收入使很多國(guó)家能夠召集外面的人來改進(jìn)本地設(shè)施。因此中東吸引了來自美國(guó)和歐洲的石油工人。它還從包括韓國(guó)和日本的許多國(guó)家引入了建筑工人和技師。

由于中東地區(qū)艱苦的生活和工作條件，吸引合適的工人的費(fèi)用是很高的，這不足為奇。許多工程師和技師在中東至少可以掙到他們?cè)谧约簢?guó)家兩倍的收入，這是最大的吸引力。一個(gè)相關(guān)的好處是這里的稅收低，或者根本就不收稅。這增加了來訪工人的凈收入，而且很受他們歡迎。

有時(shí)一個(gè)劣勢(shì)就有一個(gè)補(bǔ)償?shù)膬?yōu)勢(shì)。例如，艱苦的生活條件常常導(dǎo)致更深的友誼，因?yàn)楣と藗優(yōu)榱税踩褪孢m必須互相依賴。同樣，許多移民工人能夠存很多錢，部分原因是因?yàn)槟抢锶鄙賷蕵吩O(shè)施。工作通常是復(fù)雜的，而且充滿問題，但是這會(huì)向那些更愿解決問題而不是在自己國(guó)家里做例行工作的工程師們提出更大的挑戰(zhàn)。

影響中東的移民工人的一個(gè)主要問題是他們的工作是暫時(shí)性的。他們幾乎都是合同工，所以要讓他們很有信心地事前做出計(jì)劃是很難的。人們希望這樣，是因?yàn)闆]有一個(gè)國(guó)家歡迎大量的外國(guó)工人作為永久居民。無論如何，移民工人像接受其他不足一樣接受這個(gè)不足，因?yàn)樗麄兊玫降氖强捎^的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。夢(mèng)之閑話

人人都會(huì)做夢(mèng)，也確實(shí)每個(gè)人睡覺都做夢(mèng)。那些聲稱睡覺從來不做夢(mèng)的人其實(shí)都有做夢(mèng)，而且做夢(mèng)的頻次與其他人一樣，只是他們從來記不住自己做的夢(mèng)而已。即使是那些能清楚地意識(shí)到自己夜復(fù)一夜都在做夢(mèng)的人也很少能夠把那些細(xì)節(jié)都描述得淋漓盡致，能記住的也只是一些看起來毫無關(guān)聯(lián)的印象與場(chǎng)景組成的一團(tuán)混沌。夢(mèng)境不僅僅是視覺的，我們做夢(mèng)的時(shí)候會(huì)牽動(dòng)我們的各種器官，所以我們?cè)趬?mèng)里似乎能夠聽到聲音，能觸摸到，還能嗅到氣味，甚至嘗到味道。

埃及的《夢(mèng)幻書語》是目前世界上所發(fā)現(xiàn)的最早關(guān)于夢(mèng)的文本記載。這本書大概5000年的歷史，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)在那個(gè)年代，人們就已經(jīng)相信夢(mèng)特有的重要性。在很多古老的文明中，人們都堅(jiān)信不能驚醒睡夢(mèng)中的人，因?yàn)樵谒瘔?mèng)中，人的靈魂都會(huì)離開身體，如果別驚醒，靈魂也許就不能及時(shí)回到身體里。

從古到今，人們就一直試圖解析夢(mèng)境以及其重要性。目前市面上就有很多關(guān)于解夢(mèng)的書，遺憾的是，對(duì)于同一個(gè)夢(mèng)，有多少本書就會(huì)有多少種解釋。

13科學(xué)家探索發(fā)現(xiàn)心臟病的方法

德國(guó)研究者們發(fā)明了新一代的除顫器和旨在為心臟病人提供更多保護(hù)，使他們免遭心臟

停止導(dǎo)致的突然死亡的早期預(yù)報(bào)軟件。

僅在德國(guó)每年就有10萬人死于心臟停止。其中大部分是由于心律中斷導(dǎo)致的。危險(xiǎn)最大的是那些已經(jīng)犯過一次心臟病的病人。幾年來除顫器被證實(shí)在控測(cè)心律中止和在幾秒中內(nèi)實(shí)施自動(dòng)干涉以調(diào)整心律的診斷中是有用的。這種方法起到了很多作用，例如起博器。

弗萊伯大學(xué)診所的心臟病專家已經(jīng)在內(nèi)置除顫器方面取得了突破性成就。這種除顫器可以在體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生六個(gè)頻道的心電圖。這個(gè)綜合體系使血液流通總是和即將發(fā)生的心臟病可被早些診斷出來。今年它將第一次被植入病人體內(nèi)。同時(shí)，凱瑟?jiǎng)谔氐母诤饘?shí)用數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)院的研究者開發(fā)了一種新計(jì)算機(jī)軟件。這種軟件使心電圖數(shù)據(jù)更加準(zhǔn)確。

大部分有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的患 者不能用內(nèi)置除顫器，因此必須接受常規(guī)的心電圖檢查?！澳壳暗脑S多計(jì)劃只把數(shù)據(jù)的線形關(guān)系考慮在內(nèi)。但是我們現(xiàn)在使用的是能夠?qū)⑿呐K跳動(dòng)的混亂模工作為一個(gè)直觀而又復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)提示出來的非線性處理方法”。海根·納夫說，“這樣心臟跳動(dòng)頻率的變化就會(huì)受到控制，而病人個(gè)人的特征也會(huì)得到考慮?！币粋€(gè)基于600位犯心臟病的患者的以前的心電圖數(shù)據(jù)研究使科學(xué)家們能夠比較兩種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，結(jié)果顯示新軟件明顯能更好地處理心電圖數(shù)據(jù)。

14運(yùn)動(dòng)的年輕人智商更高(新增)

瑞典哥德堡大學(xué)健康校醫(yī)院的科學(xué)研究院和該校校醫(yī)院的一項(xiàng)最新研究表明，身體健康的年輕人智商更高，進(jìn)入大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的可能性也更高。

研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)上。這項(xiàng)研究的取樣樣本是1950-1976年入伍的120萬瑞典新兵。這些新兵們報(bào)到時(shí)接受了體能測(cè)試和智能測(cè)試，研究員對(duì)這兩類測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了分析。

研究表明，健康的體能和優(yōu)秀的智能測(cè)試結(jié)果之間的聯(lián)系和明顯的。最突出的就是科學(xué)思維和語言理解能力與身體健康有關(guān)。但是智商測(cè)試結(jié)果中只是健康在起作用，而與力量無關(guān)?！吧眢w健康是指，一個(gè)人心肺功能好，能將充足的氧氣源源不斷地輸入給大腦，”瑞典哥德堡大學(xué)健康科學(xué)研究院教授和哥德堡大學(xué)健康科學(xué)研究院校醫(yī)院首席內(nèi)科醫(yī)師邁克爾·尼爾森如說，“也許這就是為什么智商測(cè)試結(jié)果與健康之間存在明顯聯(lián)系，而與肌肉力量無關(guān)的原因之一。我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)生長(zhǎng)因子也很重要。”

通過研究雙胞胎的數(shù)據(jù)，研究人員可以得出結(jié)論，智商差異來自后天的環(huán)境因素而不是先天的基因，身體越健康，智商越高。

“我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在15-18歲之間加強(qiáng)身體鍛煉的青少年往往認(rèn)知能力也較強(qiáng)，”哥德堡大學(xué)健康學(xué)研究院研究員，ABY健康中心醫(yī)師瑪利亞·啊伯格說，“倘若情況果然如此，那么體院應(yīng)成為學(xué)校中一門重要的學(xué)科，而且如果我們想要學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)和其他理論科學(xué)，體育課是非常有必要的。”

研究人員還將新兵服役入伍報(bào)到時(shí)的體格檢查和智商測(cè)試的結(jié)果與后來他們來生活中的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位進(jìn)行了比較。那些18歲是身體健康的人學(xué)歷更高，很多都能勝任高要求的工作。

15上世界人類平均壽命的變化

一百年前，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的人口平均壽命約為47歲，到21世紀(jì)初，美英兩國(guó)男性平均壽命為74歲，女性約為80歲，人們的平均壽命一直在延長(zhǎng)。是什么造成這樣的變化呢？在研究100年前人類的壽命時(shí)，我們需要注意當(dāng)時(shí)的一些不治之癥。早在20世界初期，這些不治

之癥經(jīng)常是像天花之類的急性的高傳染病。許多兒童因此夭折（也有其他原因），年邁體弱的人也總面臨著他們的威脅。

如今，這些疾病在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)不能致命。這一變化歸于許多因素，比如：環(huán)境及個(gè)人衛(wèi)生的改善、抗生素的發(fā)現(xiàn)及使用（抗生素大大降低了細(xì)菌病的危險(xiǎn)）以及常見疾病預(yù)防疫苗的接種。除此之外，更潔凈的空氣、更好的食物保鮮方法、更舒適溫暖的屋子還有對(duì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)的進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識(shí)，這些總的環(huán)境的改善也促進(jìn)了人們的整體健康。

從基因角度看，人都能活到85歲。但盡管現(xiàn)在人們壽命確實(shí)比以前長(zhǎng)了，仍然有一些疾病使得我們不能都活到那個(gè)歲數(shù)?，F(xiàn)在困擾人們的是像心臟病、中風(fēng)那些更為慢性的疾病，還有像流行性感冒和艾滋病那些通過病毒傳染的疾病。當(dāng)然，癌癥也是一大殺手。上述疾病大多影響著老年人，但令人擔(dān)憂的問題在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家日趨明顯，如：肥胖癥產(chǎn)生更多心臟病、糖尿病等其他疾病患者群漸成年輕化。

人們?nèi)绻堰@些疾病歸為“生活方式疾病”，這意味著人們生活方式的改善有可能阻止它們的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。