第一篇：全新版大學英語第二版綜合教程4答案

全新版大學英語第二版綜合教程4答案

Uint1

Mr.Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.We must not underestimate the enemy.They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.Unit3

1)Despite theinadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, theveteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.2)Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted(out)that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.3)We have the technology and ourpartner has the capital.Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands.4)If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations.Yousee, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.5)People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.Unit5

I have an instinct that Henry will seek to join the expedition, because he is something of an adventurer.He is capable of sticking to the task at hand, even if he is exposed to noises.The trademark was registered in accordance with the laws hitherto in force.Oddly enough, many people volunteered to help organize the meeting, but only a few turned up.The teacher’s affectionate words, along with his candid comments, changed the way Mike perceived the society and himself

Uint6 They are exploring the new frontiers of medical science in an attempt to find remedies for incurable diseases/ cures for diseases that are beyond remedy so far.Her unique teaching methods apart, Ms Wilson, my math teacher, never tried to cram knowledge into my head.The regular weather forecast by the Central TV Station keeps us up with the changes of weather wherever we go on a trip.The appalling explosion started a big fire and caused the partial collapse of the building.In the modern world, there are more ways than ever to waste away time, and all kinds of distractions are eating into our precious time.

第二篇：全新版大學英語綜合教程4【第二版】翻譯答案

全新版大學英語綜合教程4【第二版】翻譯答案 Unit1

1.Mr.Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2.We must not underestimate the enemy.They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3.Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4.Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.5.Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.Unit2

1)There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2)The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problem.3)The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.4)The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently

5)The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.Unit3

1)Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.2)Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted(out)that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.3)We have the technology and our partner has the capital.Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands.4)If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations.You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.5)People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.Unit5

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)I have an instinct that Henry will seek to join the expedition, because he is something of an adventurer.He is capable of sticking to the task at hand, even if he is exposed to noises.The trademark was registered in accordance with the laws hitherto in force.Oddly enough, many people volunteered to help organize the meeting, but only a few turned up.The teacher’s affectionate words, along with his candid comments, changed the way Mike perceived the society and himself.Unit61、They are exploring the new frontiers of medical science in an attempt to find remedies for incurable diseases/ cures for diseases that are beyond remedy so far.2、Her unique teaching methods apart, Ms Wilson, my math teacher, never tried to cram knowledge into my head.3、The regular weather forecast by the Central TV Station keeps us up with the changes of weather wherever we go on a trip.4、The appalling explosion started a big fire and caused the partial collapse of the building.5、In the modern world, there are more ways than ever to waste away time, and all kinds of distractions are eating into our precious time.Unit7

1.Some high-ranking officers of the armed forces started a coup, toppling the government and throwing the country into chaos.2.The falling market shattered the illusion about getting rich quickly

3.Thinking back on the history of World War II, we can see that the formation of the Allies was the natural product of the development of political and military circumstances then.4.Paul felt stung when Jim called him a religious fanatic.But as he was in no mood for q quarrel//not in a quarreling mood, he simply pretended not to hear it.5.People say that time heals all wounds.But for those who have lost their loved ones in the event, will time fill up the void in their hearts?

第三篇：全新版大學英語(第二版)綜合教程4譯文

Unit 1

冰雪衛(wèi)士

1812年，法國皇帝拿破侖·波拿巴率大軍入侵俄羅斯。他準備好俄羅斯人民會為保衛(wèi)祖國而奮勇抵抗，他也準備好在俄羅斯廣袤的國土上要經(jīng)過長途跋涉才能進軍首都莫斯科，但他卻沒有料到在莫斯科他會遭遇勁敵——俄羅斯陰冷凄苦的寒冬。

1941年，納粹德國元首阿道夫·希特勒進攻當時被稱作蘇聯(lián)的俄羅斯。希特勒的軍事實力堪稱無敵，他的戰(zhàn)爭機器掃除了歐洲絕大部分地區(qū)的抵抗。希特勒希望速戰(zhàn)速決，但是，就像在他之前的拿破侖一樣，他得到的是痛苦的教訓。仍是俄羅斯的冬天助了蘇維埃士兵一臂之力。拿破侖發(fā)起的戰(zhàn)役

1812年春，拿破侖在俄國邊境屯兵60萬。這些士兵受過良好訓練，作戰(zhàn)力強，裝備精良。這支軍隊被稱為大軍。拿破侖對馬到成功充滿自信，預(yù)言要在5個星期內(nèi)攻下俄國。

不久，拿破侖的大軍渡過涅曼河進入俄國。拿破侖期盼著的速決速勝卻遲遲沒有發(fā)生。令他吃驚的是，俄國人并不奮起抵抗。相反，他們一路東撤，沿途焚毀莊稼和民居。大軍緊追不舍，但它的長驅(qū)直入很快由于糧草運輸緩慢而停頓下來。

到了8月，法俄兩軍在斯摩棱斯克交戰(zhàn)，這一戰(zhàn)役中，雙方各有上萬人陣亡?？墒牵韲巳阅茉谧约旱膰辽侠^續(xù)后撤，拿破侖未能取得決定性的勝利。此刻他面臨著一個重要抉擇：是繼續(xù)追擊俄國軍隊，還是把軍隊駐扎在斯摩棱斯克，在那兒度過將到的冬天？

拿破侖孤注一擲，決定向遠在448公里之外的莫斯科進發(fā)。1812年9月7日，法俄兩軍在莫斯科以西112公里外的鮑羅季諾激戰(zhàn)。夜幕降臨時，3萬名法國士兵以及4萬4千名俄國士兵或傷或亡，倒在了戰(zhàn)場上。

俄國軍隊再次撤往安全之處。拿破侖順利進入莫斯科，然而，對該市的占領(lǐng)成為毫無意義的勝利。俄國人棄城而走。法國人進城不久，一場熊熊大火將整個城市燒毀了三分之二。拿破侖向亞歷山大一世提出停戰(zhàn)，但沙皇深知他可以等待時機：“且讓俄羅斯的嚴冬為我們戰(zhàn)斗吧?！?/p>

拿破侖很快意識到，他無法在冬天向遠在莫斯科的軍隊供應(yīng)糧草、提供御寒衣物和宿營之地。1812年10月，他命令大軍撤出莫斯科。

法軍的撤離成為一場噩夢。俄國人出沒于田野與森林，采用打了就跑的戰(zhàn)術(shù)，向法國人發(fā)起攻擊。剛出莫斯科城，氣溫就降到攝氏零下4度。11月3日降下初雪。困乏的馬匹倒地而死，大炮陷入雪中，裝備只得被用作燃料焚燒，士兵們?nèi)静鏊?。法國士兵拖著腳步行進，一路上留下無數(shù)死尸。

正當俄羅斯軍隊集聚兵力之時，法國人卻不得不逃離俄國，以避免注定的失敗。在別列津納河，俄國人焚燒了漲水的河道上的橋梁，差點將后撤的法軍困于河邊。僥幸的是，拿破侖居然突擊造起兩座橋。成千上萬法國士兵得以逃脫，但卻損失了5萬人。渡過別列津納河，潰不成軍的幸存者一瘸一拐地向維爾紐斯行進。

拿破侖發(fā)兵60萬進入俄國，只有不到10萬士兵返回。元氣大傷的法國軍隊在歐洲繼續(xù)西撤。不久，英國、奧地利、俄國以及普魯士組成強大的聯(lián)盟，攻擊這些散兵游勇。1814年3月，巴黎被占，拿破侖退位去過流放生活，他締造的帝國隨之滅亡。希特勒的入侵

到1941年初，納粹德國元首阿道夫·希特勒已經(jīng)控制了歐洲大部分地區(qū)。希特勒的德意志帝國的東部與蘇聯(lián)毗鄰。1941年6月22日，希特勒不宣而戰(zhàn)，入侵蘇聯(lián)，發(fā)動了歷史上規(guī)模最大的一場陸地戰(zhàn)役。希特勒自信能速戰(zhàn)速決，預(yù)計這一戰(zhàn)役不會超過3個月。他計劃采用征服了歐洲其余地區(qū)的閃電式戰(zhàn)略。入侵計劃包含三大目標：向列寧格勒與莫斯科進攻，并橫掃烏克蘭。

蘇聯(lián)領(lǐng)導人約瑟夫·斯大林被打了個措手不及，他指示全國人民在德國入侵者到來之前實行“焦土”政策。農(nóng)場和工廠被焚燒毀壞，或被弄得無法運轉(zhuǎn)。在入侵的最初10個星期內(nèi)，德國人一路東進，俄國人傷亡人數(shù)多達一百多萬。

在北方，德國人包圍了列寧格勒。盡管忍受著極大困苦，列寧格勒的人民絕不投降。列寧格勒保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)一直持續(xù)到冬季，此時該市的處境變得危急。由于食品匱乏，人們因饑餓與疾病死去。1941年到1942年之間的嚴冬時節(jié)，幾乎每天有4千人餓死；列寧格勒之圍造成近百萬人死亡。在俄國中部，希特勒的目標是占領(lǐng)莫斯科。由于德國人指望速戰(zhàn)速決，他們沒有準備過冬的補給。10月來臨，大雨不停，“泥濘將軍”拖延了德國人閃電式進攻的行動。

正當希特勒的軍隊逼近莫斯科時，寒冷的冬季早早地降臨蘇聯(lián)，而且是多年不遇的嚴寒。氣溫降到攝氏零下48度，大雪紛飛。對俄國的嚴寒冬季毫無思想準備的德國士兵身著單薄的夏裝，一個個被凍傷，德國人的坦克掩埋在深深的雪堆中。俄羅斯的冬季阻止了德國人的攻勢。

到1942夏天，希特勒又發(fā)起兩場新的攻勢。在南方，德國人占領(lǐng)了塞瓦斯托波爾。希特勒隨后向東推進到沿伏爾加河綿延48公里的大工業(yè)城市斯大林格勒。盡管艱苦，但蘇聯(lián)抵抗者拒絕放棄斯大林格勒。

1942年11月，俄國人發(fā)起了一場反攻。德國軍隊在斯大林格勒城內(nèi)外幾乎沒有擋風避寒的地方，食品和補給的匱乏更使其元氣大傷。直到1943年1月德國人才放棄圍城，進攻斯大林格勒的30萬德國人只剩下9萬忍饑挨餓的士兵。斯大林格勒一戰(zhàn)的失利最終使希特勒走向窮途末路。部分地由于俄羅斯的冬季，德國人走向失敗了。

在1943年與1944年期間，蘇聯(lián)軍隊將德軍陣線往西逼退。在北方，1944年1月15日，紅軍發(fā)起突然襲擊，解除了列寧格勒長達3年之久的圍困。列寧格勒那些英勇無畏的幸存者看著入侵者在兩個星期內(nèi)全部撤離。到了1944年3月，烏克蘭的農(nóng)村又回到了蘇維埃手中。1944年5月9日，塞瓦斯托波爾從德國人手中被解放出來。至此，俄國人開始向柏林進發(fā)。

就希特勒而言，入侵蘇聯(lián)成為一場軍事災(zāi)難。對俄羅斯人民來說，這場入侵帶來了無法形容的苦難，蘇維埃在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中死亡的人數(shù)幾乎達到2千3百萬。俄羅斯的冰雪衛(wèi)士

任何軍事行動都必須考慮到自然的因素。拿破侖和希特勒都低估了俄羅斯冬季的嚴酷。冰雪和極低的氣溫使兩支侵略軍付出了慘重的代價。對俄羅斯人民而言，嚴冬是他們的冰雪衛(wèi)士。Unit 2

智能汽車

即便是過去70年間基本上沒有多少變化的汽車工業(yè)，也將感受到計算機革命的影響。

汽車工業(yè)是20世紀最賺錢、最有影響力的產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。目前世界上有5億輛車，或者說每10人就有1輛車。汽車工業(yè)的銷售額達一萬億美元左右，從而成為世界上最大的制造業(yè)。

汽車及其行駛的道路，將在21世紀發(fā)生重大變革。未來“智能汽車”的關(guān)鍵在于傳感器。“我們會見到能看、能聽、有知覺、具嗅覺、會說話并能采取行動的車輛與道路，”正在設(shè)計未來智能汽車和智能道路的通用汽車公司ITS項目的技術(shù)主任比爾·斯普雷扎預(yù)言道。

美國每年有大約4萬人死于交通事故。在汽車事故中死亡或嚴重受傷的人數(shù)太多，我們已經(jīng)不屑在報紙上提及。這些死亡的人中至少有半數(shù)是酒后開車者造成的，另有許多死亡事故是駕駛員不小心所導致。智能汽車能消除絕大多數(shù)這類汽車事故。它能通過會感測空氣中的酒精霧氣的電子傳感器檢測開車者是否喝醉酒，并拒絕啟動引擎。這種車還能在遇竊后通報警方，告知車輛的確切地點。

能監(jiān)控行車過程以及周圍行車狀況的智能汽車已經(jīng)制造出來。藏在保險杠里的微型雷達能對周圍的汽車作掃描。如果你發(fā)生重大行車失誤（如變道時有車輛在你“盲點”內(nèi)），計算機立即會發(fā)出警報。

在麻省理工學院媒介實驗室，業(yè)已制造出能測知你行車時有多少睡意的樣車，這對長途卡車司機意義重大。一連數(shù)小時注視著中間分道線這樣一個單調(diào)、幾乎能催眠的過程是被嚴重低估的威脅生命的重大隱患。為消除這一隱患，藏在儀表板里的一架微型相機可對準開車者的臉部及眼睛。如果司機的眼簾合上一定時間，行車變得不穩(wěn)，儀表板里的計算機就會向司機發(fā)出警報。

開車最頭疼的兩大麻煩是迷路和交通堵塞。雖然計算機革命不可能徹底解決這兩個問題，但卻會帶來積極的影響。你汽車上與繞軌道運行的衛(wèi)星發(fā)出的無線電信號調(diào)諧的傳感器能隨時精確地確定你汽車的方位，并告知交通阻塞情況。我們已經(jīng)有24顆環(huán)繞地球運行的導航衛(wèi)星，組成了人們所說的全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)。通過這些衛(wèi)星我們有可能以小于100英尺的誤差確定你在地球上的方位。在任何一個特定時間，總有若干顆全球定位系統(tǒng)的衛(wèi)星在11, 000英里的高空繞地球運行。每顆衛(wèi)星都裝有4個“原子鐘”，它們根據(jù)量子理論法則，以精確的頻率振動。衛(wèi)星從高空經(jīng)過時發(fā)出能被汽車上計算機里的接收器辨認的無線電信號。汽車上的計算機就會根據(jù)信號傳來所花的時間計算出衛(wèi)星有多遠。由于光速為人熟知，接收衛(wèi)星信號時的任何時間遲緩都能折算出距離的遠近。

在日本，具有某種導航能力的汽車已有一百萬輛之多。（有些導航裝置通過將方向盤的轉(zhuǎn)動與汽車在地圖上的位置并置來測定汽車的方位。）

隨著微芯片價格的大幅度下降，未來對全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用幾乎是無限的?！爸圃爝@一商品的工業(yè)定會飛速發(fā)展，”生產(chǎn)導航系統(tǒng)的麥哲倫航儀公司的蘭迪·霍夫曼說。盲人可以在手杖里裝配全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)傳感器，飛機可以通過遙控著陸，徒步旅行者可以測定自己在林中的方位 —— 其潛在的應(yīng)用范圍是無止境的。

全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)其實只是叫做“遠程信息學”的這一更大行動的一部分，這一行動最終將把智能汽車送上智能高速公路。這種高速公路的樣品已經(jīng)在歐洲問世，加州也在進行試驗，在高速公路上安裝計算機芯片、傳感器和無線電發(fā)射機，以便向汽車報告交通擁擠堵塞情況。

在圣迭戈以北10英里的15號州際公路一段8英里長的路面上，交通工程師正在安裝一個由麻省理工學院設(shè)計的引進“自動司機”的系統(tǒng)。這一計劃要求計算機在公路上埋設(shè)的數(shù)千個3英寸長的磁釘?shù)膮f(xié)助下，在車輛極多的路段完全控制車輛的運行。車輛會編成10輛或12輛一組，車距僅6英尺，在計算機的控制下一齊行駛。

這種計算機化的公路的倡導者對其未來的應(yīng)用充滿希望。到2010年，遠程信息技術(shù)很可能應(yīng)用于美國的一條主要公路。如果成功的話，到2020年，當微芯片的價格降到一片一美分以下時，遠程信息技術(shù)就會應(yīng)用在美國成千上萬英里的公路上。這對環(huán)保也會很有利，能節(jié)省燃油、減輕交通阻塞、減少空氣污染，還可用作公路擴建的替代辦法。Unit 3

得到你想要的工作

我經(jīng)營著一家有350名左右員工的制造公司，我本人常常要對求職者進行面試，決定是否聘用。我喜歡與可能成為銷售人員的人交談，因為他們是我們與顧客聯(lián)系的紐帶。

不久前一個新近畢業(yè)的大學生到我辦公室來謀求一份銷售工作。我問他為這次面試做過哪些準備。他說他在什么地方看到過有關(guān)本公司的一些情況。

他有沒有給麥凱信封公司的人打過電話，好更多了解本公司的情況？沒打過。他有沒有給我們的供應(yīng)廠商打過電話？還有我們的客戶？都沒有。

他可曾在就讀的大學里查問過有沒有校友在本公司就職，以便向他們了解一些情況？他可曾請朋友向他提問，對他進行模擬面試？可曾去圖書館查找過有關(guān)本公司的剪報？

他事先有沒有寫封信來介紹自己，告訴我們自己為這次面試在做哪些準備，自己何以能勝任此項工作？面試之后他是否打算再寫一封信，表明自己加盟本公司的誠意？這封信會不會在面試后的24小時之內(nèi)送到我們手上，也許是親自送來？

他對上述每一個問題的回答全都一樣：沒有。這樣我就只剩一個問題要問了：如果此人代表本公司去見可能成為我們客戶的人，他準備工作會做得怎樣？答案不言自明。在筆者看來，如欲被聘用，應(yīng)注意四個要訣：

1.準備去贏?！耙蝗詹痪殻约褐?，”音樂家中有這樣的說法?！皟扇詹痪?，音樂評論家知道。三日不練，觀眾知道?！?/p>

我們在觀看世界級音樂家或頂尖運動員的表演時，看到的并不是使他們成為出類拔萃人物的長年苦練。世界上諸如邁克爾·喬丹這樣的頂尖人物無疑具有非凡才能，但他們在籃球場上也是第一個到，最后一個走。同樣的苦練適用于人類的各項活動。若想被聘用，就要準備去贏。

我大學畢業(yè)時，極有可能終身從事同一個工作。當時情況也的確如此。但如今已不再是一生被聘去做一個工作了。指導就業(yè)的專家認為，今天的大學畢業(yè)生在他們的生涯中可能會經(jīng)歷多達10次的職業(yè)變動。

聽上去似乎壓力不小。然而，如果你作了準備，壓力就是別人的——那些沒做準備的人。

你不可能得到你想要的每份工作。最好的銷售人員也不可能每次都成交。邁克爾·喬丹投籃命中率勉強過半。但認真準備一次面試的時間不會多于馬馬虎虎準備五次面試的時間，而你成功的可能性要多得多。

2.永不中斷學習。最近我和一位90高齡的老者搭檔打網(wǎng)球雙打。我琢磨著那會是什么結(jié)局；可我的擔心是多余的。我們以兩個6:1連勝兩局。

我們交換場地打第三局時，他對我說：“我打反手擊球你不介意吧？我向來喜歡多練練自己的弱點?！焙靡粋€永不中斷學習的精彩實例。順便說一下，我們6:1贏了第三局。

走出賽場，我那90高齡的搭檔笑著說：“你也許想知道我在85歲以上年齡段的美國網(wǎng)球雙打排名第一！”他想的不是年屆90，想的甚至也不是85歲高齡。他想的是第一。

如果你努力克服自己的弱點，發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢，你同樣可以做得那么好。要有能力競爭，就得終生學習。3.相信自己，哪怕沒人相信你。還記得那4分鐘跑一英里的往事嗎？幾百年來，運動員們一直試圖實現(xiàn)這一目標，最終認定人類的身體無法做到。我們的骨結(jié)構(gòu)不適應(yīng)，我們的肺活量跟不上。

可是，有一個人證明那些專家錯了。奇跡中的奇跡是，在羅杰·班尼斯特打破4分鐘一英里的紀錄6個星期之后，約翰·蘭迪又以幾乎快出整整2秒的成績打破了班尼斯特的紀錄。此后，有大約800多名運動員打破了4分鐘一英里的記錄!幾年前，我和女兒米米參加了紐約馬拉松比賽。發(fā)令槍一響，23,000名運動員沖出起跑線——最后有21,244名運動員到達終點。第一名是一位以2小時11分鐘零1秒跑完全程的肯尼亞人。第21,244名運動員是一位越戰(zhàn)老兵。他用了3天9小時37分鐘跑完全程。沒有雙腿的他堅持跑完了26.2英里。我和女兒在比賽的最初幾分鐘內(nèi)超過了他，當時頓覺勇氣倍增，一定要跑完全程。

別聽旁人說你不能實現(xiàn)自己的目標。誰說你不比你的競爭對手更堅強、更努力、更能干？要知道，所謂目標就是有最后限期的夢想：確確實實，可測量，可確認，可實現(xiàn)。

4.想方設(shè)法顯得與眾不同。在我看來，紐約大多數(shù)的出租車司機即使不算無禮透頂，至少也是不友好的。車輛大都十分骯臟，幾乎所有的車都觸目地裝有難以穿透的防彈隔離裝置。可近日我在拉瓜迪亞機場跳上了一輛出租車，你猜怎么樣？車子竟然干干凈凈。放著優(yōu)美的音樂，而且沒有隔離裝置。

“請到帕克街酒店，”我對司機說。他笑容滿面地說：“你好，我叫沃利，”他說著遞給我一份使命宣言。一份使命宣言！上面寫著他將安全、禮貌、準時地將我送到目的地。

車開后，他拿出幾份報紙說：“請隨意翻閱。”他還讓我隨意品嘗后座籃子里的水果。接著他又拿出手機說：“您要是想打電話，每分鐘1美元?！?/p>

我大吃一驚，脫口問道：“你這么做有多久了？”他回答說：“有三四年了?！薄拔抑啦辉搯?，”我說，“可是，你能多掙多少小費？”“一年12,000到14,000美元左右，”他得意地回答說。

他不知道他成了我心目中的英雄。他就是一個生動的例證，說明你總是可以爭取到成功的機會。我的良師益友柯特·卡爾森是明尼蘇達州的首富，擁有一家酒店和旅行社，營業(yè)收入約達90億美元。一次我要去紐約赴會，柯特慷慨地請我乘坐他的私人飛機。碰巧那天明尼蘇達州遭受多年不遇的暴風雪襲擊。明尼阿波利斯·圣保羅國際機場幾十年來第一次關(guān)閉。

雖然暴風雪仍在肆虐，機場還是特地為小型飛機清出了一條跑道。我們正在跑道上滑行準備起飛時，柯特轉(zhuǎn)過頭來興奮地說：“看哪，哈維，雪地上沒有痕跡啊!”

柯特·卡爾森，當時年屆70，富甲一方，竟然還會因為自己是第一個而如此興奮。

在我看來，這些正是關(guān)鍵之所在。準備去贏。永不中斷學習。相信自己，哪怕沒人相信你。想方設(shè)法顯得與眾不同。然后就出發(fā)，在雪地上留下你自己的足跡。Unit 4

尋找達沃斯人

威廉·布勞德出生于新澤西州的普林斯頓，在芝加哥長大，就讀于加利福尼亞州的斯坦福大學。但別叫他美國人。他今年40歲，過去16年來一直生活在美國以外的地方，先是在倫敦，1996年后在莫斯科經(jīng)營他自己的投資公司。布勞德如今掌管著價值16億美元的資產(chǎn)。1998年，他放棄美國護照，成為英國公民，因為他現(xiàn)在的生活中心在歐洲?！皣艺J同對我來說不重要，”他說，“我覺得自己完全是個國際人。如果你有四個朋友，又喜歡你所做的事情，那么你在哪兒無關(guān)緊要。這就是全球化。” 亞歷克斯·曼德爾也是全球化的狂熱信徒，但他對自己的看法與布勞德不同。61歲的曼德爾曾任美國電報電話公司總裁。他出生于奧地利，現(xiàn)在經(jīng)營著一家法國技術(shù)公司，該公司在中國的業(yè)務(wù)與日俱增。他估計自己幾乎90%的時間都花在出差上。然而，盡管曼德爾全球到處跑，已經(jīng)做了45年美國公民的他還是認為自己是個美國人?！拔液敛贿t疑地把自己當作美國人。我在其他地方度過很多時間，但是這一事實不能改變我是美國人，”他說。

雖然布勞德和曼德爾對各自的國籍界定不同，他們都將國籍視為個人選擇，而不是由出生地決定的。而且，他倆都是達沃斯人，這可不是巧合。達沃斯人指的是那些每年長途跋涉去瑞士阿爾卑斯山區(qū)小城達沃斯參加世界經(jīng)濟論壇——該論壇始于1971年——的國際商業(yè)精英們。本周，布勞德和曼德爾將同其他2200余名企業(yè)高管、政界人士、學者、記者、作家和少數(shù)幾位好萊塢明星一起，參加為時五天的交際活動、宴會和沒完沒了的認真的討論。討論話題林林總總，從大選后的伊拉克和非洲的艾滋病病毒到全球的石油供應(yīng)和納米技術(shù)的重大意義。然而今年，或許比以往更甚的是，達沃斯論壇的一個熱門話題就是達沃斯本身。盡管與會男女各不相同，但他們大多數(shù)有一個共同信念：全球化，亦即資本、勞動力和技術(shù)不受阻礙地跨國界流動，是值得歡迎和不可阻擋的。在他們看來，世界越來越像一個巨大的互相聯(lián)系的市場。在這個市場里，企業(yè)尋求采購、生產(chǎn)及銷售產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的最佳地點。

隨著邊界和對國家的認同變得越來越不重要，有些人將此視作威脅，甚至危險。哈佛大學教授塞繆爾·亨廷頓在一篇題為《死魂靈：美國精英的去國家化》的論文中將達沃斯人（該說法最早在20世紀90年代引起廣泛注意）描寫成為一個新興的全球超級物種和威脅。他寫道，該階層的成員“不要什么對國家的忠誠，視國界為障礙，而萬幸的是這種障礙正在消失，他們還把國家的政府看作是歷史遺留下來的東西，它們唯一的用處就是為精英們的全球運營提供方便。”亨廷頓提出，達沃斯人以全球公民自居的自我形象，與大多數(shù)美國人的價值觀完全相悖。后者依然堅定地忠于他們自己的國家。他說，這種脫節(jié)造成了“一個重大的文化斷層。在種種意義上，美國政府和私營企業(yè)的當權(quán)派們與美國大眾漸行漸遠?！?/p>

許多達沃斯人自然不同意亨廷頓的說法。世界經(jīng)濟論壇的創(chuàng)始人兼執(zhí)行主席克勞斯·施瓦布爭辯說，支持全球觀并不意味著抹去對國家的認同。“全球化決無可能給予我們文化認同，因為后者在本質(zhì)上必須是本土的、民族的。”

全球貿(mào)易已經(jīng)持續(xù)了幾個世紀；過去從中獲益的企業(yè)和國家在很大程度上滿足于將世界上的廣大地區(qū)視為自然資源的開采地或成品的銷售地。即便到了20世紀80年代，資本全球化已經(jīng)加速，大多數(shù)外國投資仍在相對富裕的國家之間進行，而不是從富裕國家流向較貧窮國家。美國的技術(shù)、企業(yè)和資金通常處于這一流動的前沿。

然而，在過去二十年間，另外一些重大參與者出現(xiàn)了。發(fā)達國家正在開辟一條通向中國和印度大門的道路——而中國和印度的公司又將眼光投向海外，尋找未來增長的機會。北京甚至提出了“走出去”的政策，鼓勵中國企業(yè)購買海外資產(chǎn)。亞洲各國正在形成“一個創(chuàng)新的卓越環(huán)境，”思科系統(tǒng)公司的首席執(zhí)行官約翰·錢伯斯如是說?！澳壳爸袊陀《鹊墓た拼髮W畢業(yè)生是我們美國的五倍還多?！边@就意味著美國和歐洲的公司現(xiàn)在面臨來自海外的高質(zhì)量、低成本的競爭。毋怪乎這么多西方工人擔心失業(yè)?！叭绻麊栴}涉及的是整個蛋糕的大小，那全球化已經(jīng)被證明是件好事?！必惗鞴芾碜稍児镜亩麻L奧里特·加迪西說，“如果問題在于蛋糕怎么分，而你又是西方人，那你就會質(zhì)疑全球化?！?/p>

最大的變化也許剛剛開始。高盛集團2003年做的一項意義深遠的研究預(yù)測說，根據(jù)對各國人口和經(jīng)濟增長的預(yù)計，四大經(jīng)濟體——俄羅斯、巴西、印度和中國——在世界經(jīng)濟中的力量將超過普遍預(yù)期。中國的經(jīng)濟實力可能就在這個十年內(nèi)趕超德國。高盛集團說，到2050年，這四大新經(jīng)濟體將有可能取代目前世界六個最大經(jīng)濟體中除了美國和日本之外的四個經(jīng)濟體。

近期資本流動也完全有可能脫離達沃斯人式的全球化的軌跡。與達沃斯人相對的是馬尼拉女人。這些來自亞洲和其他地方的低薪流動勞工正在全球提供越來越多的關(guān)鍵服務(wù)。英國一家醫(yī)療保健公司保柏集團的首席執(zhí)行官瓦萊麗·戈丁說，要是沒有來自菲律賓、印度、尼日利亞和其他地方的移民護士，英美兩國的醫(yī)療保健體系就會崩潰。她說，這些人跟達沃斯人不一樣，他們毫不掩飾自己的強烈愛國情緒。

也不是所有達沃斯人都在追逐全球市場。帕特里克· 塞爾在法國經(jīng)營一家名為尤拉吉奧投資集團的私募股權(quán)公司。他抱怨說，歐洲跨國界經(jīng)營中還有太多障礙，更別提全球經(jīng)營了。所以他的尤拉吉奧投資集團專注于國內(nèi)市場。“我是法國人，在法國做生意，對我而言要方便得多?！比麪栒f。“別處也一樣。如果你不是意大利人，而在意大利做生意，你沒辦法成功?！?/p>

這聽上去也許像狹隘民族主義，但內(nèi)中確大有學問?；叵胍幌?，在1861年前，意大利還不是一個統(tǒng)一的國家，而是由城邦組成的結(jié)合體。盡管意大利南北方之間關(guān)系緊張，保持地區(qū)認同和國家認同之間并無矛盾。例如，意大利電信公司的董事長馬爾科·特隆切蒂·普羅維拉覺得自己是個米蘭人，同時又是個意大利人，盡管他經(jīng)營的公司正力圖獲得更大的國際影響力。問題是，達沃斯人是否需要再花上140年，才能搞明白如何在全球規(guī)模上取得同樣的平衡。Unit 6

時間老人成了可怕的老人

從前，我們以為技術(shù)發(fā)展會使我們的生活變得更安逸。那時我們覺得機器會替代我們工作，我們則有越來越多的時間休閑娛樂。但技術(shù)發(fā)展沒有把我們解放出來，而是使我們成為奴隸。新技術(shù)紛至沓來，令人目不暇接：一年涌現(xiàn)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新相當于以前一千年。而每一項新發(fā)明問世，就進一步吞噬我們的光陰。

比如，汽車曾使我們希望個人出行會方便得讓人難以想像?？扇缃瘢鞘熊囕v運行得比馬車時代還要慢，我們因交通堵塞而困在車內(nèi)，徒然浪費生命。

飛機也曾有可能為我們拓展新天地。問題是，飛機提供了新的天地。它存在本身產(chǎn)生了對耗時的長途旅行的需求，這種旅行，如越洋購物，或遠道前往地球的另一半?yún)⒓訒h，以前我們是根本無法想像的。

在大多數(shù)情況下，技術(shù)發(fā)展并未節(jié)省時間，而是使我們得以做更多的事。在家里，洗衣機可望使婦女擺脫繁重的洗衣勞作。但事實上，它們促使我們每天，而不是每星期換一次衣服，這就使熨洗衣物的工作量變成原來的7倍。同樣地，每周一次的沐浴為每日一次的淋浴所代替，使得用于個人穿著打扮的時間大大增加。

與此同時，技術(shù)發(fā)展不僅聽任工作侵入我們的閑暇時間——帶著便攜式電腦去海灘綜合癥——而且添加了收發(fā)傳真、電子郵件和語音郵件這些新的負擔。技術(shù)發(fā)展還使我們有時得一連幾小時在個人電腦上處理軟件故障，或?qū)⒁蛱鼐W(wǎng)上那些無用的信息塞進自己的大腦。

除去技術(shù)發(fā)展，因特網(wǎng)指出了我們?yōu)楹胃械綍r間如此緊迫的第二個原因：信息爆炸。

若干世紀以前，人類積累的幾乎所有知識都能裝在若干哲人的大腦之中。如今，這些大腦休想容納下一天中產(chǎn)生的新信息中的小小一部分。

各種消息、事實和見解從世界各個角落大量涌入。電視機能收到150個頻道。因特網(wǎng)網(wǎng)址多達千百萬。雜志、書籍和光盤只讀存儲器的數(shù)量也激增。

“在18世紀，整個國際學術(shù)界總共只有屈指可數(shù)的幾家科學刊物，出版一本書是件了不起的大事，”哈佛大學比較動物學博物館昆蟲館名譽館長愛德華·威爾遜說?！叭缃瘢冶救司陀嗛喠?0或70種期刊雜志，以便自己跟上不斷拓展的學術(shù)前沿中一個微小部分的發(fā)展動向?！?/p>

我們產(chǎn)生日益加重的時間緊迫感還有一個原因：日漸繁榮富庶。生產(chǎn)的物品與提供的服務(wù)越來越多，總得有人去消費。在廣告的推動下，我們努力照辦：我們購買得越來越多，旅游得越來越多，玩得越來越多，而且得盡力堅持下去。于是我們就深受威爾遜所謂的極大富足帶來的不滿之苦——即無休止的選擇所造成的困惑。

當然，并非人人感到時間過度緊迫?！罢f我們都缺少時間只是隨意講講，我們應(yīng)該記住，這種說法大約只適用于一半人，”倫敦一家研究公司的未來基金會主任邁克爾·威爾莫特說。

“有些人早早退休了，有些人失業(yè)了，有些人或許只與經(jīng)濟活動沾點邊，根本不會有這種情況。如果失業(yè)了，那你的問題就是時間太多，而不是太少?！?/p>

總部設(shè)在倫敦的亨利中心預(yù)測小組組長保羅·愛德華茲指出，壓力感也可能被夸大，或者被強加于自身?！叭巳硕即笳剦毫?，以至于多達半數(shù)的失業(yè)者或退休人員都會跟你說，他們根本來不及把事情做完，”他說?！斑@幾乎是到了羨慕壓力的程度。沒有感到有壓力，就不是成功者。人人都想表現(xiàn)幾分時間緊迫感，以顯示自己的重要?！?這一切還有另外一個方面。幾十年來由數(shù)千名志愿者所作的鐘點日志表明，英國在最近十年中工作時間只略微增加，而在美國，即使對工作壓力最大的專業(yè)人士和管理人員而言，工作時間實際上減少了。

在美國，馬里蘭大學社會學教授約翰·魯賓遜和賓夕法尼亞州立大學研究閑暇問題的教授杰弗里·戈德比發(fā)現(xiàn)，自20世紀60年代中期以來，普通美國人每周增加了5小時空余時間，即工作、睡眠、乘車上下班、照料孩子和家務(wù)勞動之余的時間。

但增加的時間分配得并不均勻。受惠最多的是未婚者和子女不在身邊的人。得益最少的——增加了不足1個小時——是有學前子女的雙職工夫婦，這或許反映了父母在撫養(yǎng)子女方面花費更多時間這一傾向。

這里當然也存在著性別問題。家用器具的更新?lián)Q代或許鼓勵婦女去做有報酬的工作，但正如我們已經(jīng)注意到的，技術(shù)發(fā)展并沒有掃除家務(wù)雜活。其結(jié)果是，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)男女空余時間的分配驚人地不平等。據(jù)亨利中心的調(diào)查，在英國，有工作的父親平均每周有48小時的空余時間。有工作的母親只有14小時。

除不平等外，時間不夠用的感覺也普遍存在，并引起了各種反應(yīng)。反應(yīng)之一是試圖投入最少的時間以獲取最大的滿足。如今人們需要快餐，需要電臺、電視臺播放簡短要聞，什么都要得到即刻滿足。時間一旦被浪費，人們就會很不高興。

“人們談?wù)撝鴥?yōu)質(zhì)時間。他們需要最佳時光，”亨利中心的愛德華茲說?！叭绻銕Ш⒆尤タ措娪盎蛉湲攧冢冗^的時光并不甜美，那你就浪費了一個下午，感覺就像是你丟失了寶貴物品。錢丟失了還能掙回來，但時間浪費了就再也無法追回?！?/p>

人們還試圖購買時間。任何能幫助我們提高生活效率的事物都有越做越大的市場。美國人所謂的家政服務(wù)——做家務(wù)，帶孩子，修剪花木，居家裝飾——即為一例。網(wǎng)上零售商在看著銷售額大幅增長——雖然利潤尚未同樣大幅增長。

對時間匱乏的第三個反應(yīng)是有關(guān)人的一生應(yīng)該工作多少年的爭論增多。你比過去更常聽到人們早早退休，放棄壓力大的工作去從事工作時間短的工作。諸如英國全國工作年限論壇這樣的機構(gòu)像雨后春筍般出現(xiàn)了，敦促雇主終止讓管理人員長時間加班的做法，而采取能適應(yīng)家庭生活的工作方式。

所有這些反應(yīng)的問題在于，把時間解放出來——無論是靠更充分地利用時間，靠購買他人的時間，還是靠縮短工作時間——是沒有意義的，如果贏得的時間又即刻被用于其他目的。

正如戈德比所指出的，我們的緊張感并非源于時間短缺，而是因為我們試圖在一個個時段中塞入過多的內(nèi)容?！熬拖裉枪昀锏暮⒆?，”他說。“有那么多美好的事情要做。選擇之多，令人眼花繚亂。我們的空余時間在增加，但其速度跟不上我們心中日益增多的必須做的事?！?/p>

更有效的解決方式或許在于去理解這一問題，而不是回避這一問題。

工業(yè)革命前，人們居住在交通聯(lián)系不方便的小社區(qū)里。在本村范圍內(nèi)，人們自然而然地期望了解該了解的一切，見到該見的一切，做該做的一切。

如今，生性好奇的我們?nèi)栽噲D這么做。然而，地球村是一個有著無限可能的世界，我們永遠無法實現(xiàn)自己的目標。

我們需要的不是更多的時間：我們需要的是更少的欲望。我們需要關(guān)掉手機，讓孩子們自己玩耍。我們需要少購物，少閱讀，少出游。我們需要在有所為、有所不為方面給自己設(shè)定界限，不然則注定會越來越感到絕望。

第四篇：全新版大學英語綜合教程1(第二版)答案_

全新版大學英語綜合教程1(第二版)答案

Unit 1 Growing Up Part II Language Focus Vocabulary Ⅰ.1 1.respectable 2.agony 3.put…down

4.sequence 5.hold back 6.distribute 7.off and on 8.vivid 9.associate 10.finally 11.turn in 12.tackle 2.1.has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office.2.was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not.3.a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time.4.gave the command the soldiers opened fire.5.buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out.3.1.reputation, rigid, to inspire 2.and tedious, What’s more, out of date ideas 3.compose, career, avoid showing, hardly hold back Ⅱ.1.composed 2.severe 3.agony 4.extraordinary 5.recall 6.command 7.was violating 8.anticipate Ⅲ.1.at 2.for 3.of 4.with 5.as 6.about 7.to 8.in, in 9.from 10.on/upon

Comprehensive Exercises Ⅰ.Cloze 1.1.hold back 2.tedious 3.scanned 4.recall 5.vivid 6.off and on 7.turn out/in

8.career 2.1.last 2.surprise 3.pulled 4.blowing 5.dressed 6.scene 7.extraordinary 8.image.9.turn 10.excitement Ⅱ.Translation 1.1.As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2.His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3.Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4.It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules./Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5.It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage./The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.2.Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident.For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never(be able to)walk again.One day, while scanning(through)some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story.It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer.Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life.Unit 2 Friendship I.Vocabulary 1.Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box.1)absolutely 2)available 3)every now and then 4)are urging/ urged 5)destination 6)mostly 7)hangs out 8)right away 9)reunion 10)or something 11)estimate 12)going ahead

2.Rewriting 1)It seemed that his failure in the examination was still on his mind.2)He was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game.3)She was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner.4)Something has come up and I am afraid I won’t be able to accomplish the project on time.5)The cost of equipping the new hospital was estimated at $2 million.3.Complete the sentences.1)were postponed the awful is estimated 2)reference not available an kind of 3)not much of a teacher skips go ahead

II.Collocation

1.to 2.for 3.at 4.from 5.in 6.to on 7.on 8.with III.Usage 1.more or less 2.kind of/ sort of 3.something 4.kind of/ sort of 5.more or less 6.or something

Comprehensive exercises I.Cloze 1.text-related 1)choked up 2)awful 3)practically 4)neighborhood 5)correspondence 6)available 7)destination 8)reunion 9)Mostly 10)postponing 11)absolutely

2.Theme-related 1)how 2)savings 3)embarrassment 4)phone 5)interrupted

6)touch 7)envelop 8)signed 9)message 10)needed

II.Translation 1.Translate the sentences.1)Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet.We had to walk home.2)Mary seems to be very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by heart.3)Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum.4)He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through WWⅡ.5)Since I graduated from Nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates.2.Translate the passage.It is not easy to keep in touch with friends far away.This is true in my case.It has been a couple of years since I left my old neighborhood and all the friends there.I have been meaning to write to them but things come up and I just don’t seem to find the time.They are always on my mind, however, and I think I will certainly make an effort to keep up correspondence with them in the future.Unit 3 I Vocabulary 1 1)brief 2)in terms of 3)cut off 4)tend 5)anyway 6)precise 7)in the form of 8)initiative 9)convey 10)in two minds 11)concept 12)grasp 2 1)has ensured their team a place in the Cup final.2)medical workers’ responsibility to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.3)entertain as well as educate the learner.4)can do without air and water.5)is likely to be held in June.3 1)lies in contact between 2)basis of is likely sufficient at the moment 3)the steady will be highly II Word Formation 1 regained 2 undecided 3 undersupplied 4 disabled 5 precondition 6 foresight 7 mispronounced 8 enrich IIIAntonyms 1)majority 2)accepted 3)increased 4)weaknesses 5)local 6)late 7)wrong 8)false Comprehensive exercises

I Close 1.Text-related 1)highly 2)bring about 3)evident 4)rate 5)sufficient 6)put across 7)proportion 8)Hence 9)ensure 2.Theme-related 1)understand 2)travel 3)practical 4)use 5)Another 6)likely 7)affect 8)developments 9)supply 10)Someday II Translation 1)As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.2)Competition for these jobs is very tough –we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/ there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.3)As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economical development.4)The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.5)To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.2 It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about.Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the comforts of life.The majority didn’t even have sufficient food, not to speak of/ let alone the privilege of being educated.However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems.They want to slow down the rate of progress.But no one can put the clock back.Unit 4 Vocabulary 1)wreck 2)balance 3)approaching 4)handle 5)discard 6)Above all 7)diet 8)do with 9)checked on 10)cleaned up 11)weekly 12)principles 2.1)to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been/was determined that all the people in the sunken ship had died.2)was amazed that Bob left a well-paid job travel around the world.3)for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no guarantee.4)express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her.5)will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time.3.1)for sale hunting for be amazed by 2)become skilled handle their loans 3)character by calling on he passed away II Confusable words 1.1)personal 2)personnel 2.1)sometime 2)Sometimes 3)some time 4)sometime III Euphemism

de hcgabf Comprehensive Exercises I Close 1.Text-related 1)sponsored 2)determination 3)turned away 4)assumed 5)capacity 6)skilled 7)loan 8)character 9)hunting 10)for sale 11)send for 2.Theme-related 1)save 2)recent 3)modest 4)grow 5)dream 6)immigrants 7)business 8)engineering 9)invest 10)rich III Translation 1)It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.2)Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.3)Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken to protect life and property.4)I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myself reading it.5)Helen lacks confidence.I’ve never known anyone so unsure of herself.2.After graduating from college, Tony decided to start his own business.At the beginning, many a bank turned down his request for a loan.But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help.Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally agreed to loan him the money.Now he has become a wealthy businessman.Talking about his amazing achievement, Tony says that it is important to create rather than wait for opportunities.Unit 5 Vocabulary I.1 1)monthly 2)acquaintances 3)classic 4)look;in the eye 5)manufactured 6)options 7)finance

8)replacement 9)survived 10)pick out 11)married 12)grabbed at 2.1)survived a car crash that killed both her parents.2)almost embarrassed to death when Sarah read my poem out to the whole class.3)of the Children’s Hospital will care for the seriously injured pupils.4)several phone calls making inquiries about the position of the Chief Financial Officer.5)straighten out all your financial problems if you join our club.3.1)inquiry;died of hunger;people survied2)Instantly;give up his;retire;replace him;executive 3)his beloved;odd jobs;and all that II Word Formation 1.embarrassment 2.survivors 3.newly 4.marketable 5.monthly 6.competition 7.conceivable 8.respectable III.Usage

1.the poor 2.The deceased/The dead 3.the disabled 4.the French 5.The accused 6.the young 7.the unemployed 8.the latter…the former… Comprehensive Exercises I.Cloze 1.Text-related 1)died of 2)instantly 3)classic 4)ask around 5)surviving 6)retire 7)executive 8)replacement 9)stock 10)look…in the eye 2.Theme-related 1)impressed 2)diligence 3)Instead 4)Contrary 5)professionally 6)perform 7)personal 8)balance 9)commitment 10)revealed II.Translation 1.1)I’m not sure where you can find a good carpenter---you’d better ask around.2)Feeling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on the wall.3)Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth.4)As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market.5)We small retailers can’t compete with supermarkets in pricing and sales.2.My dad is a hard-working executive of a manufacturing firm.He works six days a week.Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of problems so that he often stays up late/nights.However, he tries his best to balance/maintain balance between work and family.On Sundays my dad usually stays at home and cares for us as much as he can.To my greatest joy, he cooks our favorite dished and plays ball with us.Unit 6 Vocabulary Ⅰ 1.1)Fertile 2)Reflected 3)Overseas 4)Slim 5)Split 6)Sustained 7)Glow 8)Thrust 9)Keen 10)Bud 11)Previous 12)Whichever 2.1)The sickly smell of carpets and furniture in the bedroom disgusts me.2)Mary stopped corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother.3)A radio transmitter is best located at an isolated place far from cities.4)I was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn’t hear Martin come in.5)The rough surface of the basketball helps players grip the ball.3.1)to broaden;make their way

2)disgusts;take a chance on 3)the grand;and overseas;reflected Ⅱ

1.1)frightened 2)afraid/ frightened 2.1)alike/similar 2)similar 3.1)alive 2)living 4.1)sleeping 2)asleep Ⅲ

1.1)disappointed 2)disappointment 3)disappointing 4)disappoint 5)disappointingly 6)disappointing 2.1)attractive 2)attract 3)attraction 4)attractively 5)unattractively 6)unattractive Comprehension Exercises ⅠCloze 1.Text-related

1)Identifying 2)gripped 3)margins 4)corresponding 5)overseas 6)little 7)hesitate 8)grateful 9)made my way 10)going my way 2.Theme-related 1)first 2)ring 3)Nor 4)another 5)threw 6)deliberately 7)reasoned 8)himself 9)restaurant 10)matter ⅡTranslation 1.1)Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.2)Never tell my parents about my injuries and I’ll be very grateful to you(for it).3)At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.4)The management has/have agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5)It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived.2.Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others.Previous to/Before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study.From then on he sent them money regularly.Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.

第五篇：全新版大學英語綜合教程1(第二版)答案

Unit 1 Growing Up Part II Language Focus Vocabulary Ⅰ.1.1.respectable 2.agony 3.put…down 4.sequence 5.hold back 6.distribute 7.off and on 8.vivid 9.associate 10.finally 11.turn in 12.tackle 2.1.has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office.2.was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not.3.a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time.4.gave the command the soldiers opened fire.5.buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out.3.1.reputation, rigid, to inspire 2.and tedious, What’s more, out of date ideas 3.compose, career, avoid showing, hardly hold back Ⅱ.1.composed 2.severe 3.agony 4.extraordinary 5.recall 6.command 7.was violating 8.anticipate Ⅲ.1.at 2.for 3.of 4.with 5.as 6.about 7.to 8.in, in 9.from 10.on/upon

Comprehensive Exercises Ⅰ.Cloze 1.1.hold back 2.tedious 3.scanned 4.recall 5.vivid 6.off and on 7.turn out/in 8.career 2.1.last 2.surprise 3.pulled 4.blowing 5.dressed 6.scene 7.extraordinary 8.image 9.turn 10.excitement Ⅱ.Translation 1.1.As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2.His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3.Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4.It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules./Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5.It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage./The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.2.Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident.For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never(be able to)walk again.One day, while scanning(through)some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story.It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer.Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life.Unit 2 Friendship I.Vocabulary 1.Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box.1)absolutely 2)available 3)every now and then 4)are urging/ urged 5)destination 6)mostly 7)hangs out 8)right away 9)reunion 10)or something 11)estimate 12)going ahead 2.Rewriting 1)It seemed that his failure in the examination was still on his mind.2)He was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game.3)She was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner.4)Something has come up and I am afraid I won’t be able to accomplish the project on time.5)The cost of equipping the new hospital was estimated at $2 million.3.Complete the sentences.1)were postponed the awful is estimated 2)reference not available an kind of 3)not much of a teacher skips go ahead

II.Collocation 1.to 2.for 3.at 4.from 5.in 6.to on 7.on 8.with

III.Usage 1.more or less 2.kind of/ sort of 3.something 4.kind of/ sort of 5.more or less 6.or something

Comprehensive exercises I.Cloze 1.text-related 1)choked up 2)awful 3)practically 4)neighborhood 5)correspondence 6)available 7)destination 8)reunion 9)Mostly 10)postponing 11)absolutely

2.Theme-related 1)how 2)savings 3)embarrassment 4)phone 5)interrupted 6)touch 7)envelop 8)signed 9)message 10)needed

II.Translation 1.Translate the sentences.1)Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet.We had to walk home.2)Mary seems to be very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by heart.3)Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum.4)He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through WWⅡ.5)Since I graduated from Nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates.2.Translate the passage.It is not easy to keep in touch with friends far away.This is true in my case.It has been a couple of years since I left my old neighborhood and all the friends there.I have been meaning to write to them but things come up and I just don’t seem to find the time.They are always on my mind, however, and I think I will certainly make an effort to keep up correspondence with them in the future.Unit 3 I Vocabulary 1 1)brief 2)in terms of 3)cut off 4)tend 5)anyway 6)precise 7)in the form of 8)initiative 9)convey 10)in two minds 11)concept 12)grasp 2 1)has ensured their team a place in the Cup final.2)medical workers’ responsibility to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.3)entertain as well as educate the learner.4)can do without air and water.5)is likely to be held in June.3 1)lies in contact between 2)basis of is likely sufficient at the moment 3)the steady will be highly II Word Formation 1 regained 2 undecided 3 undersupplied 4 disabled 5 precondition 6 foresight 7 mispronounced 8 enrich IIIAntonyms 1)majority 2)accepted 3)increased 4)weaknesses 5)local 6)late 7)wrong 8)false Comprehensive exercises I Close 1.Text-related 1)highly 2)bring about 3)evident 4)rate 5)sufficient 6)put across 7)proportion 8)Hence 9)ensure 2.Theme-related 1)understand 2)travel 3)practical 4)use 5)Another 6)likely 7)affect 8)developments 9)supply 10)Someday II Translation 1)As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.2)Competition for these jobs is very tough –we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/ there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.3)As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economical development.4)The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.5)To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.2 It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about.Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the comforts of life.The majority didn’t even have sufficient food, not to speak of/ let alone the privilege of being educated.However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems.They want to slow down the rate of progress.But no one can put the clock back.Unit 4 Vocabulary 1)wreck 2)balance 3)approaching 4)handle 5)discard 6)Above all 7)diet 8)do with 9)checked on 10)cleaned up 11)weekly 12)principles 2.1)to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been/was determined that all the people in the sunken ship had died.2)was amazed that Bob left a well-paid job travel around the world.3)for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no guarantee.4)express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her.5)will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time.3.1)for sale hunting for be amazed by 2)become skilled handle their loans 3)character by calling on he passed away II Confusable words 1.1)personal 2)personnel 2.1)sometime 2)Sometimes 3)some time 4)sometime III Euphemism de hcgabf Comprehensive Exercises I Close 1.Text-related 1)sponsored 2)determination 3)turned away 4)assumed 5)capacity 6)skilled 7)loan 8)character 9)hunting 10)for sale 11)send for 2.Theme-related 1)save 2)recent 3)modest 4)grow 5)dream 6)immigrants 7)business 8)engineering 9)invest 10)rich III Translation 1)It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.2)Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.3)Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken to protect life and property.4)I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myself reading it.5)Helen lacks confidence.I’ve never known anyone so unsure of herself.2.After graduating from college, Tony decided to start his own business.At the beginning, many a bank turned down his request for a loan.But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help.Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally agreed to loan him the money.Now he has become a wealthy businessman.Talking about his amazing achievement, Tony says that it is important to create rather than wait for opportunities.Unit 5 Vocabulary I.1 1)monthly 2)acquaintances 3)classic 4)look;in the eye 5)manufactured 6)options 7)finance 8)replacement 9)survived 10)pick out 11)married 12)grabbed at 2.1)survived a car crash that killed both her parents.2)almost embarrassed to death when Sarah read my poem out to the whole class.3)of the Children’s Hospital will care for the seriously injured pupils.4)several phone calls making inquiries about the position of the Chief Financial Officer.5)straighten out all your financial problems if you join our club.3.1)inquiry;died of hunger;people survied2)Instantly;give up his;retire;replace him;executive 3)his beloved;odd jobs;and all that II Word Formation 1.embarrassment 2.survivors 3.newly 4.marketable 5.monthly 6.competition 7.conceivable 8.respectable III.Usage 1.the poor 2.The deceased/The dead 3.the disabled 4.the French 5.The accused 6.the young 7.the unemployed 8.the latter…the former… Comprehensive Exercises I.Cloze 1.Text-related 1)died of 2)instantly 3)classic 4)ask around 5)surviving 6)retire 7)executive 8)replacement 9)stock 10)look…in the eye 2.Theme-related 1)impressed 2)diligence 3)Instead 4)Contrary 5)professionally 6)perform 7)personal 8)balance 9)commitment 10)revealed II.Translation 1.1)I’m not sure where you can find a good carpenter---you’d better ask around.2)Feeling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on the wall.3)Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth.4)As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market.5)We small retailers can’t compete with supermarkets in pricing and sales.2.My dad is a hard-working executive of a manufacturing firm.He works six days a week.Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of problems so that he often stays up late/nights.However, he tries his best to balance/maintain balance between work and family.On Sundays my dad usually stays at home and cares for us as much as he can.To my greatest joy, he cooks our favorite dished and plays ball with us.Unit 6 Vocabulary Ⅰ 1.1)Fertile 2)Reflected 3)Overseas 4)Slim 5)Split 6)Sustained 7)Glow 8)Thrust 9)Keen 10)Bud 11)Previous 12)Whichever 2.1)The sickly smell of carpets and furniture in the bedroom disgusts me.2)Mary stopped corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother.3)A radio transmitter is best located at an isolated place far from cities.4)I was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn’t hear Martin come in.5)The rough surface of the basketball helps players grip the ball.3.1)to broaden;make their way 2)disgusts;take a chance on 3)the grand;and overseas;reflected Ⅱ

1.1)frightened 2)afraid/ frightened 2.1)alike/similar 2)similar 3.1)alive 2)living 4.1)sleeping 2)asleep Ⅲ

1.1)disappointed 2)disappointment 3)disappointing 4)disappoint 5)disappointingly 6)disappointing 2.1)attractive 2)attract 3)attraction 4)attractively 5)unattractively 6)unattractive Comprehension Exercises ⅠCloze 1.Text-related 1)Identifying 2)gripped 3)margins 4)corresponding 5)overseas 6)little 7)hesitate 8)grateful 9)made my way 10)going my way 2.Theme-related 1)first 2)ring 3)Nor 4)another 5)threw 6)deliberately 7)reasoned 8)himself 9)restaurant 10)matter ⅡTranslation 1.1)Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.2)Never tell my parents about my injuries and I’ll be very grateful to you(for it).3)At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.4)The management has/have agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5)It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived.2.Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others.Previous to/Before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study.From then on he sent them money regularly.Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.Unit 7 Content Questions Pair Work 1.He thinks animals will probably do their best thinking when it serves their own purposes, not when scientists ask them to.2.Because he believes they may encounter animal intelligence in their daily life.3.He regards them as a new window on animal intelligence.4.She wanted to get more pineapple.5.He expanded the money supply by breading chips in two.6.It shows he is clever and sly.He ate up the fruit leaving nothing but stems to share with Miles.7.They say that animals cooperate when they learn it is in their interest to do so.8.The author thinks that what behaviorists say is right, but he doesn’t think their explanation is satisfactory enough.9.Because Orky was the most intelligent animal she had worked with.10.Corky is a female whale because she is Orky’s mate and delivered a baby whale.11.Because she thought the orange must have rolled off somewhere inaccessible.12.Towan hid his orange underneath his foot.The act reveals some animals are intelligent enough to know how to deceive.Text Organization 1.Eugene Linden wants to tell the reader that animals do have, at least, some limited intelligence, and the personal experiences of those who are in close contact with animals are more convincing evidence than that any experiments can provide.2.Let’s Make a Deal: Some animals are intelligent enough to know how to bargain with people.Tale of a Whale: Animals like whales can assess a situation and act accordingly.Primate Shell Game: Animals can attempt to deceive.Language Sense Enhancement 1.(1)controversy(2)consciousness(3)explore(4)serves their own purposes(5)encounter(6)lack of it(7)convinced(8)mental feats(9)captivity(10)humans

Language Focus I.Vocabulary 1.1)go(very)far 2)has expanded 3)in the interest(s)of 4)only to 5)encountered 6)has cooperated 7)assessed 8)(had)switched 9)horizons 10)gaze 11)disaster 12)wiped out 2.1)… a long/long running controversy over whether the book should be published or not 2)… felt relieved after her first meeting with Tom had gone smoothly 3)...suddenly went wrong with my computer when I was in the middle of writing the essay 4)… is obvious that our company is still maintaining its composition as market leader in software.5)… give in until they give her a pay rise 3.1)have undertaken, original, to explore 2)evidence convinced, underneath, extending to 3)to negotiate, encounter, to figure out, explore II.Confusable Words 1.firstly 2.first, first 3.At first 4.First/Firstly 5.first 6.First 7.at first 8.first III.Usage 1.animal intelligence whose 2.zoo keeper where 3.eye contact through what 4.money supply of what 5.killer whale what kind 6.baby whale how old 7.family member of what 8.sea turtle what kind/where

Comprehensive Exercises I.Cloze 1.(1)emergency(2)evidence(3)original(4)sizing up(5)negotiates(6)reveal(7)make a deal(8)dominant(9)in their interest(s)(10)deceiving(11)controversy(12)judgment(13)explore 2.(1)protect(2)However(3)type(4)situation(5)sights(6)together(7)rang(8)associate(9)without(10)environment II.Translation 1.1)A local business undertook the project but went bankrupt before it was completed.2)Let’s make a deal—you wash my car, and I’ll let you use it tonight.3)We got to the village which we thought must have been wiped out in the severe earthquake, only to find it slightly damaged.4)My garden is dry and shady—few plants thrive in that condition 5)Mystery still surrounds the exact truth behind the film star’s death/exact circumstance of the film star’s death.2.When I was young I used to visit the zoo in my hometown.There what attracted me most was a couple of tigers, especially the male.They were dept in a huge iron cage at first, but later were released from it and moved to a place called Tiger Hill.Twenty years later I revisited the zoo and was relieved to find Tiger Hill was still there, but greatly extended.Moving around now were six tigers, old and young, instead of two!Unit 8 Pair work 1.She was amazed at the author’s ability to do mental calculation.2.Children can’t spell correctly;their knowledge of word history and geography is non-existent 3.He didn’t want to compete with the hard-working Asians at U.C.L.A.He preferred a less intellectually challenging life.4.A modern industrial state cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor force.5.To use the media to dramatize and drive home the message to today’s teenagers.6.He is fed up with the book he is forced to red.7.They can’t read or write.They place their hopes on their children.8.He works as a cleaner in a factory owned by the Japanese.9.Because he has no education, no useful skill, and no discipline.10.Americans stop demanding good education foe children.Machines do all the complex work and there is little manual work to be done.America is poorer than Japan and European countries.11.Hard work education, saving and discipline help a nation rise from the ashes.12.He finally comes to realize the importance of study.Work on your own 1.Part one paras.1-10 Teenagers’ idleness and ignorance will produce serious effects on all concerned and society as a whole.Part two paras.11-24 Kevin 1990 comes to realize in his dream how greatly lack of education costs his forebears, himself, his children and the society they live in, and how important it is to study hard.2.Part one Teenagers’ intellectual laziness and ignorance Part two Kevin 1990, his forebears(with the exception of his intellectual father),and his children lead a poor, miserable life.America is on the decline.There is no law and order in the country.America children have no chance to receive a good education.Businesses in America are owned by wealthy Europeans and Asians.Language sense enhancement Indifference(1)Summed up(2)Preferred(3)Financial（4）Accumulated（5）Intellectual（6）Affect（7）Industrial（8）Idle（9）Break down（10）Vocabulary I 1.1.industrial 2.idle 3.is functioning 4.intellectual 5.scared 6.handful 7.luxury 8.private 9.work up 10.slice 11.miracle 12.was jammed 2.1.to be seriously affected by the rise in gas prices。2.is a matter of total indifference to me.3.drove home the point that they needed extra people 4.was found after they searched for it for a long time 5.had run out of water by the time they got to the camp 3.1.manual and complex its financial 2.was very upset make a living by swore was/became much better off 3.handful ignorant of paintings/ works summed up II 1.The young man made $5 an hour in his summer job.2.What made you change your mind? 3.I’m sure Jason will make a good lawyer.4.The vet put something down the dog’s throat to make it vomit.5.The story makes interesting reading.6.Five and five make ten.7.On foot they can only make about 20 miles a day.8.I don’t think she’ll ever really make it to the top III 1(1)developing(2)develop(3)development(4)develop(5)developing developed 2(1)amazed(2)amazes(3)amazingly(4)amazing(5)amazement Comprehensive exercise I.CLOZE 1.TEXT-RELATED(1)complex(2)idle(3)make a living by(4)accumulated(5)affect(6)function(7)faculties(8)ignorant(9)wake up 2.THEME-RELATED(1)dormitory(2)passing(3)leaping(4)department(5)burned(6)destroyed(7)seriously(8)marriages(9)report(10)perspective

II TRANSLATION 1)Without his personal file, an applicant can hardly expect to get/ be employed as a teacher.2)With enough ice, we would be able to chill the drinks.3)In my humble opinion, reading us the most pleasant way to spend one’s leisure.4)Some people said it was simply a miracle that the American athlete Michael Phelps won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.5)The washing machine has broken down, so we have to wash our clothes by hand.This morning I heard an interesting piece of news over my portable radio: a man of 36 and his son of 10 attend the same class competing with each other for high marks.The story goes/ It’s like this: The man, Li Wei by name, was too idle to learn anything when young.With little education, with no useful skills, he could hardly earn an adequate living wage.His life experiences drove home to him the point that he had to acquire knowledge before he was able to accumulate wealth.So Li Wei swore that he would go to school with his son, determined to learn.