第一篇：2018考研英語(寫作)
2018考研英語
（一）寫作
20大必背范文精講 第一節(jié)：教育文化類
圖畫作文
2002年真題 Directions: ?
Study thefollowing picture carefully and write anessay entitled“Cultures---National and International”.In the essay you should ?
1）describe the picture and interpret its meaning,and ?
2）give yourcomments on the phenomenon.第一段
? 第一句： 這幅圖畫生動描述了一位可愛的美國小女孩身穿傳統(tǒng)的中國服裝，面帶甜蜜的微笑。
（總體描述）
? The picture vividly depicts a lovely Americangirl in traditional Chinese costume with asweet smile on her face.第二句：細節(jié)描述
?她戴著具有某個中國少數(shù)民族服飾特色的發(fā)帶、項鏈和其他裝飾品。
? She wears ribbons, necklaces and otheraccessories that are characteristic of theclothes of a certain Chinese minority group.第三句：穿著效果
? 毫無疑問，這套服裝為她美麗的外表增添了東方的魅力。
? Undoubtedly,the costume has added orientalcharm to her beautiful features.第二段
第一句：讓步，否定表層含義
? 這幅圖畫所表達的遠遠不只是一種新的時尚潮流。
? What the picture conveys goes far beyondmerely a new fashion trend.第二句：承上啟下，過渡句 ?事實上，它還具有文化內(nèi)涵。
? In fact, it carries cultural implications as well.第三句： 主題句（中心思想/象征寓意）
? 神秘的中國文化吸引 了各國人民這一事實表明，在某種程度上一種文化可以在國際范圍內(nèi)被接受、尊重、欣賞和分享。
? The fact that people from different countriesare attracted to mysterious Chinese cultureindicates that to some extent a culture can beaccepted, respected, appreciated and sharedinternationally.第四句： 解釋論證
? 換言之，一個民族獨特的文化可以通過全球性的經(jīng)濟和文化交流走向世界。
? In other words, a nation’s unique culture canbecome international through worldwideeconomic and cultural exchange.第五句： 說明后果
? 由于全球化潮流不可阻擋，所以國家間日益頻繁的文化交流可以有效增進相互間的理解和友誼。
? Since the trend ofglobalization has becomeirresistible, increasing cultural exchange caneffectively improve mutual understanding andfriendship between countries.第三段
第一句：建議一 ?在我看來，我們應該保存和珍惜作為無價精神財富的民族文化。
? It is my view that national culture should bepreserved and cherished as a priceless spiritual treasure.第二句：建議二
?同時，我們很有必要推廣世界文化，因為來自其他文化的觀點，即使乍看起來相互矛盾甚至很荒謬，但從長遠看來，可以為我們觀察這個世界提供一種不同的視角。
? Meanwhile, there are good reasons toadvocate for internationalized culture, forthose ideas from other cultures, thoughcontroversial or even absurd at first sight, canin the long run provide a different perspectivefor us to observe the world.第三句：建議二
?然而，在我們面臨不同文化時，應該充滿理智地取其精華、去其糟粕。
? Nevertheless, when we are confronted with adifferent culture, we should be sensibleenough to absorb its virtues and to resist itsdark side.第四句：小結
?只有這樣我們才能積極發(fā)展民族文化，并使我們的世界豐富多元、多姿多彩、充滿活力。? Only in this way can we promote culturaldevelopment positively and make our worldmultidimensional, colorful and vigorous.二、小作文：2005年真題 ? Directions: ?
Two months ago you got ajob as an editorfor themagazine Designs＆Fashions.But now youfind thatthe work is not what you expected.You decide to quit.Write a letter to your boss, Mr.Wang, telling him yourdecision, stating your reason(s),and making an apology.?
Write your letter with no less than100 words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign yourown name at the end ofthe letter;use“Li Ming”instead.You do not need to write the address.(10 points)
第一段：表示感謝 ?第一句：
? 尊敬的王先生：
十分感激您在過去的兩個月中聘用我為雜志《設計與時尚》 的編輯。? Dear Mr.Wang, ?
I am much grateful to have beenemployed by you for the past two months agoas an editor for your magazine Design&Fashions.第二句
? 我非常珍惜這個和您以及其他同事共事的機會。
? I appreciate the opportunity of having workedhere with you and other colleagues.第三句
這將是我一生中很難忘的經(jīng)歷。
? The experiences I had here are ones I will notforget for my entire life.第二段：第一句
?但是，對于一個喜歡計算機科學遠多于時尚設計的年輕人來說，我發(fā)現(xiàn)目前的工作并不符合我的教育背景與個人強項。
? However, as a young man whose primaryinterest is in computer science rather thanfashion design, I have found that my presentjob doesn't fall in with my previous trainingand strength.第二句
?因此，我決定辭職，找一份與我的教育背景更加相關的工作。
? I have therefore decided to quit this job topursue other opportunities that may conformbetter to my educational background.第三段 ?
Please accept my sincere apologies forany inconveniences my leaving may cause.?Yours truly，Li Ming
2018考研英語
（一）寫作
20大必背范文精講
第二節(jié)教育文化類：流行文化
一、圖畫作文：2009年真題 Directions: ?
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should
1)describe the drawing briefly，?
2)explain its intended meaning, and then ?
3)give your comments.第一段：圖畫描述
?第一句：如圖象征性所示，無論是為了自我娛樂還是滿足工作的需求，很多人在一 個拉伸的蜘蛛網(wǎng)內(nèi)使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。（總體描述）
As is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon, alarge number of people are surfing on linewithin a stretching spider web, either toentertain themselves or to meet the needs ofwork.第二句：細節(jié)描述
?看來相當諷刺的地方是，這幅圖呈現(xiàn)了他們在試圖互相交流的同時，卻被蜘蛛網(wǎng)彼此隔開。?
It seems rather ironic to present peopleseparated from each other by the spider webwhen they attempt to communicate.第三句：象征寓意
?毫無疑問，這個蜘蛛網(wǎng)作為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的一種象征，既連接了人們，又使他們彼此隔離。
Undoubtedly, the spider web serves as asymbol of the Internet, both connectingpeople and isolating them from each other.第二段：意義闡釋 第一句：主題句
?這幅具有比喻意義且令人印象深刻的圖畫象征性揭示了人與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)之間的雙重關系。
The impressive metaphorical portrayal subtlyreveals the duality of the relationshipbetween man and the Internet.第二句：分論點一
?一方面，不可否認網(wǎng)絡目前是用于人際交流的最高效的媒介之一。
On the one hand, there is no denying that theInternet is currently one of the most efficient media used for interpersonal communication.第三句：舉例論證
?作為一名大學生，我每天上網(wǎng)與他人在BBS上討論新聞，通過注冊網(wǎng)絡課程來學習英語，借助MSN和我的朋友們免費聊天。
As a college student, I get on line every day todiscuss news with other people on BBS, tostudy English by registering for web courses,to chat freely through MSN Messenger withmy friends.第四句：分論點二
?但另一方面，很多人承認他們太沉迷于網(wǎng)絡而不愿與朋友和同事保持面對面接觸。
But on the other hand, a good many peopleadmit that they are too addicted to theInternet to maintain face-to-face contact withtheir friends and colleagues.第五句：說明后果
?一旦沉迷于這種虛幻世界，人們不愿接近他人，也不愿專注于現(xiàn)實生活。
Once having indulged in the fictitious world,people feel reluctant to approach others andto concentrate on real life.第六句：小結
?這就是一些人喪失了直接溝通的能力并與他人疏遠的原因。
That's why some people have lost the skill ofdirect contact and become alienated fromothers.第三段：歸納結論 第一句：結論句
?因此，我們很有必要以一種合理的方式使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，避免過度沉迷。
Hence, it is necessary for us to use theInternet in a reasonable way and restrainfrom overindulgence.第二句：小結
?畢竟，人們發(fā)明互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是為了連接你和我，為我們的生活帶來便捷，而非設置障礙使 人彼此疏遠。
After all, the Internet is invented to connectyou and me, and to bring conveniences toour life rather than setting barriers to keeppeople beyond reach.(253words)
二、小作文：2009年真題 ?
Directions: Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have notbeen so successful in some regions.“White Pollution”is still going on.Write a letter to the editor(s)of your local newspaper to 1)give your opinions briefly, and 2)make two or three suggestions.Write your letter with no less than 100 words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign yourown name at the end of the letter;use “Li Ming”instead.You do not need to write the address.(10points)第一段：
?第一句：肯定服務 ?尊敬的編輯：
多年來我一直懷著極大的熱情與興趣閱讀貴報。?
Dear Editors, ?
I have been reading your newspaper formany years with great enthusiasm andinterest.第二句：寫作目的
?就一次性塑料袋的問題，我認為限制使用這類袋子非常重要。
Regarding the issue of disposable plastic bags,it is my view that limiting the use of such bags is of utmost significance.第二段：第一句：主題句
?為解決這個難題，我想提出如下幾個實用的建議。
To crack this hard nut, I would like to proposeseveral practical recommendations as follows.第二句：分論點一
?首先，我們急需禁止免費使用一次性塑料袋。
First and foremost, it is imperative for us toban the free use of disposable plastic bags.第三句：分論點二
?其次，我們應該開發(fā)取代塑料袋的替代品，如紙袋或布袋。
In addition, we should develop possiblealternative forms to replace them, such aspaper or cloth bags.第四句：分論點三
?最后，商場或超市應以更高的價格提供塑料袋。
Last but not least, plastic bags should beoffered at a much higher price in departmentstores or supermarkets.第三段：第一句：寫作目的
?我希望您覺得上述建議有幫助，同時希望進一步討論這一問題。
I hope you would find the above proposalsconstructive and I would like to discuss thismatter in further details.第二句：表示感謝
?十分感謝您對我的建議給予及時的關注。您真誠的 李明
Your prompt attention to my suggestionswould be highly appreciated.(134 words)
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
2018考研英語
（一）寫作
20大必背范文精講 第三節(jié)教育文化類：教育
一、圖表作文：2006年MBA真題 Directions: ?
In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following diagram.Describe the diagram and analyze the possible causes.You should write at least 150 words.1998-2004年全國工程碩士招生錄取人數(shù) ?40,00030,00020,00010,000人數(shù) ***4 第一段：圖表描述 ?第一句：（總體描述）
?上述圖表清楚地揭示了過去七年中中國的工程碩士招生錄取人數(shù)急劇增長。
The diagram above clearly illustrates thatdramatic elevation has occurred in therecruitment of Master of Engineering(ME)inChina during the past seven years.第二句：細節(jié)描述
?根據(jù)上面給出的數(shù)據(jù)，我們可以得出結論：從1998到2004年，工程碩士招生錄取人數(shù)穩(wěn)步增長。
According to the statistics given above, wemay conclude that the recruitment of MEswas on a steady rise from 1998 to 2004.第三至四句：細節(jié)描述
1998年，招生人數(shù)較少，只有大約2500人。令人驚訝的是，到2004年招生人數(shù)在不到七年的時間里達到3.5萬人以上。
In 1998, the number was at a low of onlyabout 2,500.Surprisingly, it reached to morethan 35,000 in 2004, within no more thanseven years.第二段：原因列舉 第一句：主題句
?促成上述變化的一些主要原因可以概括如下。
Some driving factors that contribute to theabove-mentioned changes may besummarized as follows.第二句：原因一
?首先，中國在制造業(yè)方面變得異常活躍，這使得對高素質(zhì)工程師的需求增長。
First and foremost, China has becomeparticularly active in manufacturing, whichhas led to an increased demand of qualifiedengineers.第三句：原因二
?此外，就業(yè)市場的總體發(fā)展無法跟上大學畢業(yè)生人數(shù)的增加，這促使很多學生在校園里再呆三年時間，為就業(yè)做更好的準備。
In addition, the development of the jobmarket on the whole cannot keep pace withthe expansion of college graduates, whichhas obliged a large number of students tostay on campus for another three years to getbetter prepared for their careers.第四句：原因三
?最后，工作壓力是另外一個原因。
Last but not least, working pressure isanother reason.第五句：小結
?考慮到所有這些因素，我們可以預計：隨著社會的迅速發(fā)展，工程碩士的招生人數(shù)在未來十年將會繼續(xù)增加。
Taking all these factors into account, we maypredict that with speedy development of oursociety, the number of recruitment of MEswill keep growing in the forthcoming decade.第三段第一句：讓步
?然而，問題的另一方面，這種趨勢可能帶來很多問題，例如人才的浪費。
On the other side of the coin, however, thistendency may bring about a good manyproblems, such as the waste of talent.第二句：結論句
?我們必須采取有效的措施確保這一狀況不會失控，同時鼓勵學生們選擇那些在就業(yè)市場上需要的既有理論知識又有實踐技能的專業(yè)。
It is necessary for us to take effectivemeasures to ensure this situation doesn’t getout of hand, and encourage students tochoose majors for which theoreticalknowledge and practical skills will bedemanded in the job market.(251 words)
二、小作文：2006年真題：請求信 ?
Directions: You want to contribute to Project Hope by offeringfinancial aid to a child in a remote area.Write a letterto the department concerned, asking them to help finda candidate.You should specify what kind of child youwant to help and how you will carry out your plan.?Write your letter with no less than 100 words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign yourown name at the end of the letter;use “Li Ming”instead.You do not need to write the address.(10points)第一段：改寫提綱一 ?尊敬的先生或女士：
希望工程這項高尚的事業(yè)感動了我，同時這項工程迄今所取得的成就也鼓舞了我。因此，我想通過給貴省偏遠地區(qū)的一個孩子提供經(jīng)濟幫助，來為希望工程貢獻我的微薄之力。?
Dear Sir or Madam, ?
Moved by the noble cause of ProjectHope and encouraged by what has beenachieved so far, I would like to contribute mybit to the project by offering financial aid to achild in a remote area of your province.第二段：第一句：改寫提綱二
?如果您能幫助我找到一個剛開始上學但家庭無法為其負擔學費的小女孩，我將不勝感激。?
I would be much grateful if you could helpme seek out a girl who has just startedschooling but whose family cannot afford hereducation.第二句：改寫提綱三
?本人計劃按年度支付她的學費直至她中學畢業(yè)。
My plan is to pay for her tuition on an annualbasis until she finishes her secondaryeducation.第三句：改寫提綱三
?我希望把捐款直接匯給她的家人在當?shù)亻_設的銀行帳戶中。
I would like to remit my donation directly toa bank account opened by her family in herlocal area.Yours truly，Li Ming
2018考研英語
（一）寫作
20大必背范文精講
第四節(jié)：社會熱點類（健康）
一、圖畫作文：1996年真題改革版 Directions: ?
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should ?
1）describe the drawing briefly, ?
2）explain its intended meaning, and ?
3）give your comments.第一段：圖畫描述
?第一句：如圖中象征性地描述的那樣，一位醫(yī)生穿著白大褂，戴著聽診器，手拿病歷正在醫(yī)院的一間病房里和他的病人談話。（總體描述）
As is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon, adoctor, wearing a white gown and astethoscope, is holding a medical record andspeaking to his patient in a hospital ward.第二句：象征寓意
?顯而易見，這幅漫畫的內(nèi)在含義是：人們現(xiàn)在的運動量越來越少，這對于他們的健康而言并不是什么好消息。
Apparently, the intended meaning of thedrawing is that people are doing less and lessexercises now, which is not good news fortheir health.第二段 第一句：
?保持健康的方式有很多種。
There are numerous ways of keeping fit.第二句：分論點一
?首先且最重要的是，最為有效的就是進行體育鍛煉。
First and foremost, it is most effective to dophysical exercises.第三句：舉例論證
?人們各自選擇慢跑、打籃球、游泳、滑冰、爬山或汽車作為其日常鍛煉活動，這是因為這些運動無一不使我們更強壯、更加精力充沛。
? People variously choose jogging, playingbasketball, swimming, skating, climbing orriding as their regular exercises, becauseexercise never fails to make us stronger andmore energetic.第四句：分論點二
?此外，我們應該重視養(yǎng)成良好的習慣。
Moreover, we should put great emphasis onforming good habits.第五句：舉例論證
?均衡的飲食和充足的睡眠對于身體健康都是不可或缺的。
A balanced diet and sufficient sleep are bothindispensable to physical fitness.第六句：分論點三
另外，心理健康也應被認真對待。
What’s more, mental health should also betaken seriously.第七句：舉例論證
尤其在逆境中，我們需要保持一種樂觀的心態(tài)來經(jīng)歷人生的痛苦悲傷、迂回曲折。
Especially in adversity, we need to maintain anoptimistic mentality to pull through life’spains and sorrows, twists and turns.第三段
第一句：建議一
?就我而言，我對瑜伽這種鍛煉形式有特殊的興趣。
As far as I am concerned, I have a peculiarinterest in yoga as a form of exercise.第二句：舉例論證
?每天一小時的鍛煉經(jīng)常使我感到更健康而且更有活力。
An hour’s exercise every day usually makes mefeel healthier and more vigorous.第三句：建議二
?此外，我從不吸煙喝酒，也不熬夜。
Besides, I never touch any cigarettes or wine,neither do I stay up late.第四句：舉例論證
?相反，我保持均衡飲食，而且晚上11點之前上床睡覺，因為我相信熬夜對健康有害。
Instead, I keep balanced diet and go to bedbefore 11 o’clock at night, because I believeburning the midnight oil is harmful to health.第五句：建議三
?更為重要的是，對生活樂觀的態(tài)度使我充滿自信而且堅持不懈。
More importantly, an optimistic attitudetoward life makes me confident andpersistent.第六句：小結
?總而言之，所有這些努力可以保證我擁有健康的體魄和快樂的生活。?
To sum up, all these practices guarantee ahealthy body and a happy life.二、小作文：2010年英語
（一）真題 ?
Directions: ?
You are supposed to write for thepostgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference onglobalization.The notice should include the basic qualification of applicant and the otherinformation you think relative.? You should write about 100 words onANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name atthe end of the notice.Use “ postgraduateassociation ” instead.(10 points)第一段：
?第一句：改寫提綱一 告示
2010年1月9日
本校將于七月初舉行關于全球化的國際研討會，現(xiàn)招募志愿者。Notice January 9, 2010 ?
Volunteers are needed for theInternational Conference on Globalization tobe held on this campus in early July.第二句：改寫提綱二
?基本要求是熟悉本次會議的主題以及精通英語。
Basic requirements are familiarity with thetheme of the conference and proficiency ofEnglish.第三句
?其他要求包括人際溝通能力、熟悉我市的景點及歷史，舉止恰當以及有責任感。
Other requirements include interpersonalcommunication abilities, familiarity with ourcity in terms of its tourist attractions and itshistory, proper manners, and a strong senseof responsibility.第四句
?在國際會議或其他類似活動中具有相關經(jīng)驗者優(yōu)先考慮。
Preference will be given to those experiencedin international conference or other similaractivities.第二段：改寫提綱三 第一句
?申請職位以及咨詢面試相關信息，請致電86754321或發(fā)送郵件到postgr@ccc.edu.cn。
Call 86754321 or email postgr@ccc.edu.cn foran application and for information on theinterview.第二句
?歡迎垂詢，謝絕來訪。研究生會
Phone and email enquiries are encouraged;no visits please.（96 words）?Postgraduate Association
2018考研英語
（一）寫作
20大必背范文精講
第五節(jié)社會熱點類（兩代關系）
一、圖畫作文：2005年真題 Directions: ?
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on thefollowing drawing.In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.第一段：圖畫描述 ?第一句：這幅圖反映了一些中國家庭中普遍存在的現(xiàn)象——子女成年后如何對待他們的父母。（總體描述）
This picture reveals a not-uncommonphenomenon of how elders are treated bytheir grown-up children in some families inChina.第二句：細節(jié)描述
?當父母年齡太大不能照顧自己的時候，他們就成了負擔，被自己的子女們像足球一樣踢來踢去。這是一種令人同情的不公正現(xiàn)象，引起了很多中國人的憤慨。
When they are too old to take care ofthemselves, the elders become burdens to bekicked around by their sons and daughters likea football, a pitiful and unjust sight that willarouse indignation among many Chinese.第二段：意義闡釋 第一句：主題句
?作為一個以很多美德聞名于世的民族，中國及中國人民自古以來一直奉行孝道。
As a nation renowned worldwide for its manyvirtues, China and the Chinese people havebeen practicing filial piety throughout history.第二句：舉例論證
?許多廣為傳頌的故事反復強調(diào)了這種歷史悠久的愛老敬老的美德，如西漢的緹縈舍身營救蒙冤的父親免于極刑的故事。
Many often-told stories reiterate this time-honored virtue of loving and respecting theelders, such as the story of Tiying in the WestHan Dynasty who risked her life in order tosave her wronged father from corporalpunishment.第三句：反面論證
?那些千方百計逃避照顧雙親的責任的人應該牢記，他們應該感激父母的養(yǎng)育之恩。
Those who try every means to avoid theirduties of looking after their elders shouldbear in mind that they are much indebted totheir parents for their rearing.第四句：反問
?沒有父母關懷備至的照料和無私的奉獻，他們怎能健康成長并且取得成功？
Without the loving care and selfless devotionof their parents, how could they have grownup healthily and become successful? 第五句：反問
?他們怎能虐待父母而不受到良心的譴責？
How could it possible for them to maltreattheir parents without the pricks ofconscience? 第三段：歸納結論 第一句：結論句
?我們每個人都應該遵守從祖先那里傳承下來的美德。
Every one of us should live up to the virtuespassed down to us by our ancestors.第二句：小結
?只有這樣我們才能無愧為中國人。
Only in this way can we be worthy of thename of a Chinese.(212 words)
二、小作文：2010年英語
（二）真題 ?
Directions: ?
You have just come back from the U.S as amember of Sino-American cultural exchangeprogram.Write a letter to your Americancolleague to ?
1）express your thanks to his/her warmreception, ?
2）welcome him/her to visit China in duecourse.第一段：改寫提綱一 ?第一句： ?鮑勃：
我剛從機場回到家里。?
Dear Bob, ?
I have just arrived at my home from theairport.第二句
?坐在書桌旁，我只想給你寫封信來感謝你在這次文化交流項目中的熱情接待。
As I sit down at my desk, I just want to writea letter to you to thank you for your warmreception in the cultural exchange program.第三句
?你和你的家人給我留下了深刻的印象。
You and your family left a deep impressionupon me.第四句
?這個項目真的是我一生中最美好的回憶之一。
Indeed, the program is one of the mostwonderful memories in my life.第二段：改寫提綱二 第一句
?我記得你曾經(jīng)說過你想來中國旅行。
I remember you mentioned wanting to travelin China.第二句
?好吧，如果你來到中國，你將受到熱烈歡迎，而且我很榮幸做你的導游。
Well, if you come to China, you will bewarmly welcomed, and it will be my pleasureto be your guide here.第三句
?如果你愿意的話把你想?yún)⒂^的地方列張單子發(fā)給我。
If you would like, send me a list beforehandof the places you would like to visit.第三段
?在此向你的家人致以誠摯的祝福。你真誠的，張偉 ?
Please give my best regards to your family.(117 words)Sincerely yours, Zhang Wei
2018考研英語
（一）寫作
20大必背范文精講
第六節(jié)社會熱點類：職業(yè)道德
一、圖畫作文：1998年真題(P.132)Directions: ?
Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words.?
Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II.?
Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below: ?
1．Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.?
2．Give your comments.第一段：圖畫描述
?第一句：過去幾年出現(xiàn)了一種現(xiàn)象：各行各業(yè)開始出現(xiàn)了各種各樣的承諾。（總體描述）?
The past several years have witnessed aphenomenon in which a variety of promiseshave been arising from people in all walks oflife.第二句：細節(jié)描述 ?遺憾的是，相當多的承諾純粹只是空話，正如漫畫中的這只母雞一樣，承諾下蛋不見棱見角，而且保證有蛋皮、蛋清、蛋黃。
Regretfully, quite a lot of promises are sheernonsense, just as the hen in the given cartoon commits herself to laying eggs which areround without any angles and corners andhave shells, egg whites and yolks.第二段
第一句：主題句
?盡管這些承諾聽起來奇怪有趣，但在全國各地都可以看到聽到這樣的虛假承諾。
Odd and funny as they sound, such falsepromises can be seen and heard everywherein our country.第二句：舉例論證
?有些管理部門保證不接受任何賄賂，公正有效地履行指責；有些生產(chǎn)廠家保證生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品；有些商業(yè)企業(yè)發(fā)誓提供正品和禮貌熱情的服務。
Some administration departments assure toperform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribes;somemanufacturing units guarantee to turn outproducts of good quality;some commercialenterprises swear to provide genuinecommodities and polite and enthusiasticservices.第三句：設問 ?在這些“承諾”中，除了他們要承擔的的義務之外，你還能發(fā)現(xiàn)任何新的和實質(zhì)性的東西嗎？ ?
Can you find anything new and substantialother than their assumed obligations in theseso called “promises”? 第四句：回答
?我想你的答案將是否定的。
I presume your answer will be negative.第五句：小結
?事實上，他們做這種承諾的目的只是披上文明的外衣以便取悅或欺騙公眾。
As a matter of fact, their intentions in makingsuch commitments are nothing but to put on a civilized disguise to please or deceive thepublic.第三段第一句：讓步
?我認為腐敗和欺詐正在物質(zhì)和道德層面給社會帶來不利的影響。?
I dare say that corruption and cheat arecausing damage to society both materiallyand morally.第二句：結論句
?但這只母雞及其同類應該知道：在市場經(jīng)濟體系的激烈競爭中，沒人能通過欺詐行為而生存下去。
But the hen and her like should know thatdishonest behaviors help no one to survivethe intense competition of a marketeconomy system.第三句：小結
?他們應該牢記這條古訓：“誠為上策”。
They should remember the old saying,“Honesty is the best policy”.(219 words)
二、小作文：2011年英語
（一）真題 ?
Directions: ?
Write a letter to a friend of yours to ?
1)recommend one of your favorite movies and ?
2)give reasons for your recommendation.第一段： ?第一句： ?邁克爾：
作為你最好的一位朋友，我寫這封信是為了向你推薦我最喜歡的一部電影——《八十天環(huán)游地球》。
Dear Michael, ?
As one of your closest friends, I’m writingthe letter in order to recommend one of my favorite movies to you— Around the World inEighty Days.第二段：第一句
?我推薦的主要原因如下。
The primary factors for my recommendationare as follows.第二句
?首先，這是一部科幻電影，講述了一位英國紳士激動人心的故事。菲力弗格先生跟 他的俱樂部伙伴及經(jīng)理打賭八十天之內(nèi)環(huán)游地球。
For one thing, this is a science fiction moviewhich tells us an exciting story about anEnglish gentleman, Mr.Phileas Fogg, whomakes a bet with his clubmates and managersthat he can travel around the world in eightydays.第三句
?其次，電影生動地描述了他在旅途中遇到的困難和發(fā)生的故事。
For another, it gives us a vivid description ofthe many difficulties and incidents whichhappen on his journey.第三段: ?希望你觀看并喜歡這部電影。期待你的回信。?李明
Hope you watch and enjoy the movie.Looking forward to your reply.Yours, Li Ming
2018考研英語
（一）寫作
20大必背范文精講 第七節(jié)社會熱點類：愛心
一、圖畫作文：2001年真題 Directions: ?
Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love isprobably the noblest, but everyone has his or her ownunderstanding of it.?
There has been a discussion recently on the issue in anewspaper.Write an essay to the newspaper to ?
1)Show your understanding of the symbolic meaning ofthe pictures below.?
2)Give a specific example, and ?
3)Give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.第一段：意義闡釋
?第一句：當我們用到“愛”這個詞時，我們不僅僅指對異性的吸引，這是對這個詞非常狹隘的解釋。（讓步，否定表層含義）?
When we use the word “l(fā)ove”, we do notsimply mean an attraction to a person of theopposite sex, which is a very narrowdefinition of the word.第二句：主題句（象征寓意）
?下面這幅畫闡釋了愛的真正含義，它強調(diào)了這一事實：愛心是情感力量，不論我們周圍的世界多么黑暗，它都能支撐我們。
The picture below illustrates the realmeaning of love, by stressing the fact thatlove is emotional strength, which can supportus no matter how dark the world around usbecomes.第三句：解釋論證
?事實上，歷史上處于不同文化中的人們都把愛視為人類最高尚的情感。
As a matter of fact, throughout historypeople of many different cultures haveregarded love as the most sublime of humanemotions.第二段：舉例論證 第一句：承上啟下
?舉一個例子證明愛心的力量。
Take an example to illustrate the power oflove.第二句：主題句
?我們應該記得2008年中國各族人民如何響應號召去支援四川地震中的受難者。第二句：
We should remember how Chinese people ofall ethnicities respond to the call to help the victims of the deadly earthquake in SichuanProvince in 2008.第三句：分論點一
?盡管他們的收入按照國際標準衡量還處于低水平，但是全國人民毫不猶豫地盡其所能捐獻——不管是錢，還是物品——去幫助那些受難的同胞們。
Although their incomes are still low byinternational standards, people all over thecountry did not hesitate to donate whateverthey could——be it money or goods——tohelp their needy fellow citizens.第四句：分論點二
?并且，他們這么做不求回報。
Furthermore, they did this with no thought ofgain or reward.第三段：建議措施 第一句：結論句
?我認為，表示愛心的最好方式是幫助比我們更加不幸的人。
It is my view that the best way to show love isto help people who are more unfortunatethan we are.第二句：解釋論證
?我們應該隨時準備向有困難的人伸出援助之手，無論他們是自己的家人還是素昧平生的陌生人。
We should always be ready to give a helpinghand to those who are in trouble, no matter whether they are family members orcomplete strangers.第三句：小結
?只有這樣，我們才能助一臂之力，把世界變成一個更美好的地方，因為，正如圖所 示，悲傷的陰影越黑暗，愛心之燈的光芒就越閃亮。
Only by doing so can we help to make theworld a better place, for, as the picture shows,the darker the shadows of sorrow become,the more brightly the lamp of love shines.(243 words)
二、小作文：2012年英語
（一）真題 ?
Directions: ?
Some international students are coming toyour university.Write them an email in thename of the Students' Union to ?
1)extend your welcome and ?
2)provide some suggestions for their campuslife here.第一段：寫作目的 ?親愛的朋友們：
我謹代表北京外國語大學學生會，向來我校學習的留學生表達衷心的歡迎。?
Dear Friends, ?
On behalf of the Students’ Union ofBeijing Foreign Studies University, I would liketo extend our heartfelt welcome to all theoverseas students who will study in ouruniversity.第二段
第一句：主題句
?我很榮幸能給你們提出一些實用的建議。
It is my great pleasure to offer you severalpractical suggestions.第二句：分論點一
?首先，這所知名學府的生活也許并不像你們所設想的那么輕松。
In the first place, life in this prestigiousuniversity is perhaps not as easy as you haveexpected.第三句
?你們可能會面臨每日的課程、大量的作業(yè)和頻繁的考試。
You may be tightly bound by daily classes,abundant homework and frequent exams.第四句
?因此，做好準備迎接這里的繁忙生活吧。?
Thus, be prepared for the hectic life here.第五句：分論點二
?其次，盡管有以上負擔，運動會、演講比賽以及聯(lián)誼會等各種各樣的課外活動仍會提供大量結交朋友的機會。
In the second place, in spite of all thoseburdens, various extracurricular activitiessuch as sports meets, speech contests andsocial gatherings will still provide ampleopportunities to make friends.第六句
?所以，盡情享受這所著名大學里的生活吧。?
So, enjoy your life in this esteemed institute!第三段
總之，盡管有很多壓力，但你在這所校園里度過的時光將意義非凡，并為你的整個人生增添光彩。希望你們喜歡這里！您真誠的，李明
All in all, although there is a lot ofpressure, the time you spend on our campuswill be worthwhile and enhance your wholelife.Hope you like it here!(148 words)Yours sincerely, Li Ming
2018考研英語
（一）寫作
20大必背范文精講 第八節(jié)：環(huán)境保護類
一、圖畫作文：2011年英語
（一）真題 Directions: ?
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should 1)describe the drawing briefly, 2)explain its intended meaning, and then 3)give your comments.旅程之“余”
第一段：圖畫描述
?第一句：如圖所示，兩名游客正在一艘小船上觀光，同時把野餐的剩余垃圾隨意丟入湖中。（總體描述）
As is subtly portrayed in the cartoon, twotourists are sightseeing on a small boat while discarding their picnic leftovers casually into alake.第二句：細節(jié)描述
?不幸的是，湖中已經(jīng)堆滿了漂浮的塑料盒、魚骨、香蕉皮、西瓜皮、瓶子、罐頭、食品包裝等各種垃圾。
Unfortunately, the lake is already filled withlitter and teaming with flowing rubbish like plastic containers, fish-bones, bananapeel, watermelon rind, bottles, tins, foodwrappings, and so on.第三句：文字說明
?在圖畫下方，有個小標題寫著：“旅程之‘余’”。
And below the drawing, there is a topicwhich says: “after” the travel or “me” in thetravel.第二段：意義闡釋
第一句：主題句（象征寓意/中心思想）
?從漫畫中，我們可以得出結論，畫家想要表達這樣一種信息：成群的游客涌入很多景點，制造并留下了大量的垃圾，破壞了自然之美。第一句：
From the portrayal, we can conclude that thepainter wants to convey such a message: a good many scenic spots are flooded withvisitors, who spoil the beauty of nature bycreating and leaving behind God-knows-how-much trash.第二句：正面論證
?一方面，旅游業(yè)作為一項產(chǎn)值數(shù)十億美元的產(chǎn)業(yè)，正在世界各地迅猛發(fā)展。?
On the one hand, tourism, as a multibillion-dollar business, is booming everywhere.第三句：
?有些人認為旅游業(yè)是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的引擎，似乎忽視了其對環(huán)境的負面影響。
Some people, laboring under the belief thattourism serves as an engine of economic growth, seem to ignore its negative effects onthe environment.第四句：
?然而，我們必須充分關注這一問題。
Nevertheless, these are not concerns that wecan shrug off lightly.第五句：反面論證
?另一方面，旅游業(yè)已經(jīng)給我們生存的環(huán)境帶來了巨大的壓力：水受到污染，生態(tài)平衡遭到破壞，自然資源被過度開發(fā)。
On the other hand, tourism has exerted greatpressure on the environment we are living in:our water is polluted, our ecological system isdisturbed, and our natural resources havebeen excessively used.第三段：歸納結論 第一句：讓步
?毫無疑問，由于對那些幾乎沒有其他收入來源少的地區(qū)而言，旅游業(yè)確實有助于發(fā) 展經(jīng)濟，因此任何國家都無法禁止旅游業(yè)。
Undoubtedly, tourism could not be banned inany country as it does help to shore up the economy in places which offer few sources ofincome.第二句：結論句
?但重要的是，旅游業(yè)毫無節(jié)制的發(fā)展可能使得經(jīng)濟發(fā)展不可持續(xù)。
However, the main point is that theunchecked growth of the travel business may render the development of an economyunsustainable.第三句：小結
?是時候加強人們的意識，通過多加考慮環(huán)境保護意識來改變這一現(xiàn)狀了。
It is high time that we enhanced people'sawareness to rectify this by taking theenvironmental protection into consideration.（253 words）
二、小作文：2012年英語
（二）真題 ?
Directions: ?
Suppose you have found something wrongwith the electronic dictionary that you boughtfrom an online store the other day.Write anemail to the customer service center to ?
1)make a complaint, and ?
2)demand a prompt solution.第一段：寫作目的 ?尊敬的先生或女士：
1月1日我在貴網(wǎng)店購買了一部電子詞典，但在使用了一段時間之后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)它 有一些問題。
Dear Sir or Madam, ?
I bought an electronic dictionary fromyour online store on January 1st, but after using it for a short period of time, I found ithas some problems.第二段：
第一句：分論點一
?首先，在僅僅使用兩小時之后，電池就需要充電。
To begin with, the battery needs rechargingafter a mere 2 hours of use.第二句
?這就意味著當我出門一天時，就需要隨身攜帶充電器。
This means that I need to carry my chargerwith me when I go out for a day.第三句：分論點二
?此外，這部電子詞典的按鍵如此之小，以至于幾乎無法通過鍵盤輸入任何東西。
In addition, the buttons on the electronicdictionary are so small that it is nearlyimpossible to type anything with them.第四句
?對我個人而言，我認為這一點完全不能接受。
Personally, I find this to be completelyunacceptable.第三段：建議措施
因此，我希望要么為我換一個能正常運行得更佳的型號，要么全額退款。非常 感謝您的幫助。您真誠的，張偉
Therefore, I would like to either changefor another model that works better or a full refund.Your help is greatly appreciated.ours sincerely，Zhang Wei
2018考研英語
（一）寫作
20大必背范文精講 第九節(jié)：人生哲理類
一、圖畫作文：2008年真題(P.141)Directions: ?
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should ?
1)describe the drawing briefly，?
2)explain its intended meaning, and then ?
3)give your comments.?
You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2.第一段：圖畫描述
?第一句：如漫畫中象征性所示，兩個殘疾的年輕人用有力的雙手互相攙扶，正在大地上開始新的征途。（總體描述）
As is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon,two handicapped adolescents, supporting each other with their firm hands, arecontinuing their new journey on the ground.第二句：細節(jié)描述
?他們將拐杖拋在身后，成功地解決了可能困擾大多數(shù)殘疾人的難題。
Crutches left behind, they have successfullycracked the hard nut of lameness, whichmight have stumped the majority of thedisabled.第三句：文字說明 ?文字說明顯示：“你一條腿，我一條腿；你我一起，走南闖北”。
The caption indicates, “You have merely oneleg and so do I.Helping each other, we can travel all around.” 第二段：意義闡釋 第一句：主題句
?毫無疑問，我們可以從這幅漫畫中看出：作者正在吸引我們重視合作的問題。
Undoubtedly, we can deduce from theportrayal that the cartoonist is trying toattract our attention to the issue ofcooperation.第二句：舉例論證
?根據(jù)針對10年前曾在同一大學班級中的一群人進行的調(diào)查，那些樂于和他人合作的人都富裕起來或成為各行各業(yè)的經(jīng)理，而沒有一個難以與同班同學相處的人成為管理人員或老板。?
According to a survey conducted among agroup of people who were in the samecollege class 10 years ago, those who areready to give their cooperation to others allbecame rich or attained managerial status invarious fields, while not a single young manwho had difficulty in getting along with hisclassmates becomes an executive or a boss.第三至四句：設問
?為什么那些擅長團隊合作的人后來成為經(jīng)理或經(jīng)營他們自己的企業(yè)呢？答案似乎不言自明。?
Why do those who are excellent in team worktend to be managers or run their ownenterprise later in life? The answer seemsself-evident.第五句：分論點一
?一方面，如果你只是勝任工作，但和你的同事們甚至老板相處困難，你在公司中很難生存。? On the one hand, if you are competent inprofession, but have difficulty in getting along with your colleagues and even with your boss,you can hardly survive corporate life.第六句：分論點二
?另一方面，如果大批朋友愿意與你合作并提供信息和資源，你成功的幾率就會大得多。
On the other hand, your chances of success aremuch higher with wide circle of friends whoare willing to cooperate with you to provideinformation and resources.第三段：建議措施 第一句：建議一
?首先，我認為我們可以經(jīng)常利用這幅漫畫來啟發(fā)年輕人學會成功地相互合作。
It is my view that, first and foremost, we canfrequently use the drawing to aid juveniles in learning to cooperate successfully with eachother.第二句：建議二
?其次，無論我們面臨何種困難或境地，那些擁有合作與團隊精神的人更容易成功。
Furthermore, whatever difficulties orsituations we are confronted with, we canremind ourselves that those who have thespirit of cooperation and team work arenearer to success.第三句：小結
?正如美國第二任總統(tǒng)約翰·亞當斯引用古希臘《伊索寓言》中的名言：“合則存，分則敗”。
Just as John Adams, the second U.S.president,quoted from the ancient Greek Aesop’s Fables, “United we stand, divided we fall.”(305 words)
二、小作文：2013年英語
（一）真題(P.58)?
Directions: ?
Write an e-mail of about 100 words to aforeign teacher in your college, inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcomingEnglish speech contest.?
You should include the details you thinknecessary.第一段：
?第一句：改寫提綱一（寫作目的）?尊敬的史密斯教授：
謹代表“天才”英語演講比賽委員會，我寫這封郵件是為了邀請您擔任我們的新評委。?
Dear Professor Smith, ?
On behalf of the “Talents” English SpeechContest committee, I’m writing to invite youto be our new judge.第二句：改寫提綱二
?作為我們“外國文化節(jié)”的核心部分，這場全校性的比賽將在5月12日（下周日）于學生大禮堂舉行，而且我們相信您作為一位英語為母語人士和知識淵博的教授，能給參賽選手一些啟發(fā)性的評論。
As the core part of our “Foreign CultureFestival”, this school-wide contest is to beheld in the Students’ Auditorium on May 12(next Sunday), and we believe that you cangive our competitors some enlighteningcomments as both a native-English speakerand a knowledgeable professor.第三句
?具體來講，這場比賽將在晚上七點左右開始，最多持續(xù)兩小時。
Specifically, the event will start at around7:00 p.m., and last for 2 hours at most.第四句
?比賽最后，我們將給每位評委和選手送上一些手工禮物。
At the end of it, we will have some hand-made presents for each judge and competitor.第二段：寫作目的+期待回信
我們再次真誠希望您能成為我們比賽的評委。本周末之前盼即賜復。您真誠的，李明
“天才”演講比賽委員會主席
Once again, we sincerely hope you canbe the judge for our competition.Please RSVP before this weekend.(115 words)
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
2018考研英語
（一）寫作
20大必背范文精講 第十節(jié)：人生哲理類
一、圖畫作文：2007年真題 Directions: ?
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should ?
1)describe the drawing briefly, ?
2)explain its intended meaning, and then ?
3)support your view with an example/examples.第一段：圖畫描述 ?第一句：這幅漫畫生動描述了足球場上的一名前鋒正準備將球射入守門員把守的球門。（總體描述）
It is symbolically illustrated in the cartoonthat a striker is preparing to shoot at the goaldefended by a goalkeeper on a football field.第二句：細節(jié)描述
?在守門員看來，比起實際的身材自己渺小很多，以至于守門變成一個不可能完成的任務。?
In the goalkeeper’s mind, he is so muchsmaller than he actually is that guarding thegoal becomes a mission impossible.第三句：細節(jié)描述
?與此同時，在那名前鋒眼里，這位巨人守門員幾乎占據(jù)了整個球門。
At the same time, the giant guard seems to fillup the whole goal in the attacking player’smind.第二段：意義闡釋 第一句：主題句
?這幅漫畫的目的是告訴我們在看似不可克服的挑戰(zhàn)與困境面前，最重要的是擁有自信。
The purpose of the drawing is to show usthat in the face of seemingly insurmountablechallenges or predicaments, possessing self-confidence is of utmost significance.第二句：舉例論證
?無論一個人在學?；蚬ぷ髦性?jīng)如何成功，總有一天他或她會遭遇難題。
Regardless of how much success one has hadin school or at work, there are bound to betimes when he or she will encounterproblems.第三句：
?關鍵時刻，正是他對困難和人生的自信決定他能否反敗為勝。?
It is at these critical times that one’s self-confidence, toward difficulty and toward life ingeneral, eventually plays a crucial role indetermining whether he or she can turnfailure into victory.第三段：舉例論證 第一句：主題句
?沒有什么比下面的例子更有說服力。
I can think of no better illustration than thefollowing one.第二句：
?海倫·凱勒天生聾啞失明，沒什么可以讓她自信。
Helen Keller was born deaf, dumb and blind,certainly nothing to give her self-confidence.第三句：
?但她不斷克服多種障礙，最終成為一名作家和教師，成為世人的楷模。
Nevertheless, she went on to conquer hermultiple handicaps to finally become a writerand lecturer, an inspiration to all.第四句：小結
?這個例子清楚證明了無論面臨何種任務，我們決不能高估困難或低估自己的能力。?
This case effectively clarifies that no matterwhat tasks we are confronted with, we shouldnever overestimate the difficulties orunderestimate our abilities.(216 words)
二、小作文：2017年英語
（二）真題(P.76)?
Directions: Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams togive a presentation about Chinese culture to a group ofinternational students.Write a reply to 1)accept the invitation, and 2)introduce the key points of your presentation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.?
Do not sign your own name at the end of the email.Use “Li Ming” instead.?
Do not write the address.(10 points)第一段：
改寫提綱一（寫作目的）?尊敬的威廉斯教授：
我非常榮幸地接受您的邀請，為一些留學生進行一場關于中國文化的報告。?
Dear Prof.Williams, ?
I am extremely honored to accept yourinvitation to give a presentation to a host offoreign students on Chinese culture.第二段：改寫提綱二 第一句：主題句
?下面是我的報告的要點。
Here are the key points of my presentation.第二句：分論點一
?首先，與西方人相比，中國人傳統(tǒng)上一直注重人與自然的和諧關系。
First of all, compared with Westerners, theChinese people have traditionally paid moreattention to the harmonious relationbetween human beings and nature.第三句
?在中國傳統(tǒng)思想中，“天人合一”是一個為人所熟知的論斷。
“Nature and Man are one” is a familiarstatement in traditional Chinese ideology.第四句：分論點二
?其次，中國傳統(tǒng)思想很注重個人修養(yǎng)的提升，關注“修身養(yǎng)性”，相比邏輯推理，更為重視心靈體悟。
In addition, in Chinese thought, muchemphasis is laid upon moral cultivation, therefinement of temper, and the spiritualenlightenment on the part of individualrather than upon logical reasoning.第三段：表示感謝+期待回信
我對您慷慨幫助的感謝難以言表。盼即賜復。您真誠的，李明
My appreciation to you for yourgenerous help is beyond words.I am lookingforward to hearing from you soon.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
第二篇：考研英語寫作必備
考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(一)
中華民族的喜慶節(jié)日(Chinese Festivial)國慶節(jié) National Day
中秋節(jié) Mia-Autumn Festival春節(jié) Spring Festival
元宵節(jié) Lantern Festival兒童節(jié) Children‘s Day
端午節(jié) Dragon Boat Festival婦女節(jié) Women’s Day
潑水節(jié) Water-Splashing Day教師節(jié) Teachers’ Day
五四青年節(jié) Youth Day
考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(二)
中國獨特的傳統(tǒng)飲食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)
鍋貼 guotie(fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls
套餐 set meal盒飯 box lunch;Chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu
米粉 rice noodles餛飩 wonton
火鍋 chafing dish八寶飯 eight-treasure rice pudding粉絲 glass noodles豆腐腦 jellied bean curd冰糖葫蘆 a stick of sugar-coated haws(or apples, etc.)
考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(三)
中國新興事物(Newly Sprouted Things)京九鐵路 Beijing –Kowloon Railway中國電信 China Telecom扶貧工程 Anti-Poverty Project中國移動 China Mobile菜籃子工程 Vegetable Basket Project十五計劃 the 10th Five-Year Plan溫飽工程 Decent-Life Project中國電腦聯(lián)網(wǎng) Chinanet安居工程 Economy Housing Project三峽工程 the Three Gorges Project掃黃 Porn-Purging Campaign希望工程 Project Hope西部大開發(fā) Go-West Campaign
考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(四)
大陸中國 Mainland Chin鐵飯碗 iron rice bowl
紅寶書 little red book大鍋飯 communal pot
紅色中國 socialist China關系戶 closely-related units四化 Four Modernizations外出打工人員 migrant workers終生職業(yè) job-for-life
關系網(wǎng) personal nets, closely-knitted guild
五講(講文明、講禮貌、講衛(wèi)生、講秩序、講道德)the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals
四美(心靈美、語言美、行為美、環(huán)境美)the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment
考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(五)
基層監(jiān)督 grass-roots supervision婚紗攝影 bride photo
基礎稅率 base tariff level黑心棉 shoddy cotton
婚介所 matrimonial agency機器閱卷 machine scorin
婚外戀 extramarital love
即開型獎券 scratch-open ticket/lottery
集中精力把經(jīng)濟建設搞上去 go all out for economic development
價格聽證會 public price hearings甲A球隊 Division A Soccer Team家政服務 household management service
加強輿論監(jiān)督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帳 accounting fraud叫板 challenge;pick a quarrel
矯情 use lame arguments漸進式臺獨 gradual Taiwan independence借調(diào) temporarily transfer
擴大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.擴大內(nèi)需，刺激消費expand domestic demand and consumption
安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents
信息化 information-base ormationization
智力密集型 concentration of brain power knowledge-intensive
外資企業(yè) overseas-funded enterprises下崗職工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel三角債 chain debts
素質(zhì)教育 education for all-round development
豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects社會治安情況 law-and-order situation民族國家 nation state臺獨 independence of Taiwan臺灣當局 Taiwan authorities臺灣同胞 Taiwan coMPAtriots臺灣是中國領土不可分割的一部分。
Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.西部大開發(fā) Development of the West Regions
可持續(xù)性發(fā)展 sustainable development
風險投資 risk investment通貨緊縮 deflation
擴大內(nèi)需 to expand domestic demand
計算機輔助教學 computer-assisted instruction(CAI)
網(wǎng)絡空間 cyberspace網(wǎng)上購物 shopping online
虛擬現(xiàn)實 virtual reality應試教育 exam-oriented education網(wǎng)民 netizen(net citizen)學生減負 to reduce study load電腦犯罪 computer crime總裁助理 assistant president電子商務 the e-business綜合治理 comprehensive treatment安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents
信息化 information-based;informationization
智力密集型 concentration of brain power;knowledge-intensive
外資企業(yè) overseas-funded enterprises
下崗職工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel下海 plunge into the commercial sea下網(wǎng) off line
小康之家 well-off family;comfortably-off family
新秀 up-and-coming star, rising star
新新人類 New Human Being;X Generation信息港 info port形象小姐/先生 image representative of a product or a brand
虛擬網(wǎng) virtual net學生處 students′ affairs division研究生畢業(yè)證/學位證 graduate diploma/graudate degree′sdiploma
搖錢樹 cash cow以人為本 people oriented;people foremost義務教育 compulsory education易拉罐 pop can
應試教育 examination-oriented education system
考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(六)
The classification for the commodities
1.frozen food 速凍食品 5.personal-care supplies 個人護理用品
2.dairy products 牛產(chǎn)品6.toys 玩具
3.packaged foods 包裝食品7.car-care products 汽車護理用品
4.cleaning supplies 清潔用品8.yard-care products 庭院護理用品
考研英語：寫作必備詞匯(七)
Different stores
1.Convienience store便利店2.Grocery store小賣部
3.Supermarke超市4.Drug store藥店
5.Department store商場6.Discount store打折店
7.Factory outlets廠家直銷點8.Specialty shop專賣店
9.Shopping mall/shopping center購物中心
Houshold department
dish 碟子silverware 銀器cooking utensils 廚具
pots 壺pans 鍋
第三篇：考研英語寫作
高分范文展示：
The global economy, who is sleeping over that stretcher, like a helpless-sick wreck, is being practiced emergency treatment by worldwidebanking systems, which are trying their best to save the market intensively by cooperation.Conspicuously, that’s a horrible depiction related to/concerning the the world.the top of the list which should never be overlooked.First of all, , as the case of would make its comeback every 10-30 years on the average, so would this time.Furthermore, the overestimation of economic prosperityhas resulted in a great multitude of foams/bubbles in the securities and the realties.gues, who made use of installment policy to speculate in real estate industry, thus, only spending 30% of totally-needed funds in possessing 3 apartments, with the aggregate price over RMB 2 million.Actually, it is not the Day of Judgment.What we are glad to see is the keyword – “cooperation”and we will surely get through this tough period before long.好句寫法：把句子拉長→加修飾：
(1)n.+ who/which/that… 加從句
e.g.Many peopletakeseriously the lifestyle of chasing for luxuries.那些把一個人擁有財產(chǎn)的數(shù)量當作評判其社會地位的唯一標準的人們，會很重視追逐奢侈品的生活方式。
(2)n./句子結尾 + v.-ed(en)(被動)/ v.-ing(主動)加分詞（定語后置）
e.g.youngsters, ranging from/who range from 20 to 30 years old ranging fromwith研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，和十年前的5%相比，現(xiàn)在有近24%的年輕白領表示不清楚自己想要什么。
(3)n.+ with + n.(修飾語)加限定詞
e.g.A pretty girl → a girl with an angel-like face and a fairy-like figure
e.g.Nowadays, a lot of riches like buying luxurious autos to show/display their success and existence.當今，很多有錢人喜歡通過買豪車來顯示自己的成功和存在。
→These days, withdefined as the typical marks of 句型模仿：
07 閱讀text3最后一段：
From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholescale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.* Looks far less like… a good deal more like… 看起來不像是……而更像是……
模仿→05大作文：養(yǎng)老足球賽
From our conscientious and clear-minded perspective, much of this behavior, undoubtedly, looks far less like like a 依據(jù)我們的良知，毫無疑問，大多數(shù)這種行為并不能提供合理分配贍養(yǎng)老人義務的機會，相反，它更像是一種加劇中華傳統(tǒng)美德“尊老愛幼”走向大規(guī)模衰敗的危險行為
大作文——開頭what、中間why/effect、結尾how
What——虛開頭（首段首句）
(1)坊間流傳多年的所謂經(jīng)典套話
As can be seen in the picture given above…
→ Asgiven above…
e.g.悲觀樂觀 man, passion-sufficient and energy-continuous, is climbing upon a ladder to reach to his shining blue print.(2)直接描述
e.g.12002年作文：美國女孩穿著中國傳統(tǒng)服飾
There is a beautiful American girl, who is standing over there in a Chinese traditional costume, smiling just like a flower.a Chinese traditional costume.e.g.2 2010年作文：文化“火鍋”，既美味又營養(yǎng)
those dishes and cooking ingredients in a Chinese traditional hot-pot, including e.g.2012年作文：悲觀樂觀 What——[描述+寬泛、宏觀的點評]（首段第二句）
It is aa significant information that 主題has been in the spotlight in current society主題 has aroused wide concern at any corner of our social consensus.e.g.家庭成員關系 * 首段第二句和第二段首句應該有一定層次感，首段第二句提出一個觀點/現(xiàn)象，第二段首句再將其具體化/細節(jié)化，直擊中心。
Why/Effect——實開頭：（主題句）+ 原因/影響（內(nèi)部：自身 / 外部：社會、媒體）+ 例子
(1)主題句：
Among the topic concerning主題（抽象）, as the depiction/picture shows, the most cardinal tip is related to the issue of主旨中心思想（具體）.e.g.家庭關系
Among the topic concerning the depiction shows, the most e.g.出國留學人數(shù)/考研人數(shù)/公務員人數(shù)(2)引出原因
Several factors could weigh heavily for the happening of ____, yet, suspended at the top of the list are the following two aspects.To begin with, _____.Additionally, _____.e.g.中國傳統(tǒng)文化/美德的缺失(3)引出影響
It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the revolutionary influences(that)the 現(xiàn)象 gives rise
to.To begin with, … Apart from… ,* 表示導致的短語：Contribute to Result in/trigger/induce/spell/invite
* 表示原因：inducement/incentive
e.g.人人考公務員 result in.To begin with, … Apart from … , * Apart from用法：Apart from(mentioned above), …(new information)= Besides, … , Google could owe its success to the brilliance of its founders, Sergey Brin and Larry Page.* 表示歸因于：owe/ascribe/attribute… to …
(4)舉例子
A good case blowing my mind now is 人/物, who/which …
e.g.慈善/真正的成功
A good case blowing my mind now is a world well-known man, whose name is Bill Gates, industry after his retirement.* 例子不能單獨提出，例子前面要有一個論點，或者在例子后面要有一個點評和結論，這樣才是一個完整的舉例（名人名言也同理）。
How——提出建議（Suggestion）：規(guī)則、思想、行為
(1)制定規(guī)則：
Lay down/Establish the effective/reliable/available/practical regulations to …呼應主題.（敬老）（保護環(huán)境）（留學）
(2)改變思想：
Deliver the moderate 主題詞 outlook to guide us both physically and mentally.e.g.Deliver the moderate outlook to guide us both physically and mentally.成功觀/生活觀/物質(zhì)觀/世界觀/知識觀/能源觀
(3)規(guī)范行為：
Exert/Implement/Practice the rational 主題詞 manners to live in a much more harmonious/compatible atmosphere/circumstance.circumstance.(4)補充說明方法：名人名言（適用于最后一段提完建議之后）
萬能套話：
As a classic saying goes,千里之行，始于足下
應用：提完建議之后
Yet, it is very probable to say without any exaggerationthat depending on the lack of 主題詞, many citizens/youths would have immersed in such an extreme condition for a long time.Does it have opportunities for us to make achange ? / Is it possible to make a change? Actually, as a classic saying goes, “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”.We will surely handle/optimize/refrain from … as long as the above mentioned proposals would be implemented immediately.e.g.養(yǎng)老 Actually, as a classic saying goes, “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”.We will surely refrain from as long as the above mentioned proposals would be implemented immediately.e.g.奢侈浪費
Yet, it is very probable to say without any exaggeration that depending on the lack time.Does it have opportunities for us to make a change? Actually, as a classic saying goes, “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”.We will surely mentioned proposals would be implemented immediately.特別講解：主體段落的展開（第二段）
(1)單向話題：要么褒，要么貶
原因展開：
The factors contributing to… are vastly complex.Some attribute it to ….Others place the blame on / Others place the high value on ….Still the rest complain of/ attach importance to …
e.g.為什么很多年輕人最終會抽煙
The factors contributing to a big rise in are vastly complex.Some attribute it to(2)雙向話題
e.g.中國傳統(tǒng)風俗習慣的改變是好還是壞
According to my humble perspective, every sword is double-edged.is both positive and negative.To begin with, it goes without denying that the new-changed customs and habits have distinct advantages.On one hand, they On the other hand, they eliminate “culture gap” to Although / Whilebidding farewell to the bygones enjoys considerable merits, it still have their own drawbacks when the following point is taken into account.A good case coming to my mind now isof the Chinese virtues – raising seniors.After all, * 舉例子的時候，要實現(xiàn)從手段到效果的跨越（我們要怎么做來達到什么效果）
小作文——Simplified（簡明扼要）字數(shù)：100-120
* 大作文的套話和模板不能用在小作文中！
* 小作文寫作時必須覆蓋每個題目要求的要點
(1)Letter——郵件、信件：生活化/接地氣
a)邀請信
學術邀請（充滿敬意）：
開頭：正式邀請（含參會時間和主題）
主體：介紹會議安排
結尾：希望得到正式回復，并確認
Dear Professor ___,It is my great honor to extend you our sincere invitation of an academic forum held on 具體時間 in/at 地點,which focuses on the topic of主題
The forum mentioned above will be arranged as followings.Firstly at 8 a.m.will start the 主題involves.Afterwards, there will be another arrangement, including ___.Then at around 時間, 另一個安排.I really hope you can make it.If it is possible, I would like to ask you for sending me your bank
account, and I’ll pay you 40 percent of the total lecture fees as the deposit.最后期限.落款
范文：
Dear Professor Liu,It is my great honor to extend you my sincere invitation of an academic forum held on Jan.1 in The Nation’s Theatre, which focuses on the topic of Chinese traditional culture.The forum mentioned above will be arranged as followings.Firstly at 8 a.m.will start the opening of the forum, which involves a brief presentation with regard to the prospects as well as plights thatthe promotion of Chinese culture may encounter.Afterwards, there will be another arrangement concerning a micro-movie of the cultural relic exhibition, which will last 15 minutes.Then at 9 to 11 o’clock, you would be highly expected to present us a lecture named “World Needs China”.I really hope you can make it.If it is possible, I would like to ask you for sending me your bank account, and I’ll pay you 40 percent of the total lecture fees as the deposit.Reply, if you please before next weekend.Li Ming,The Supervisor of XXX
b)申請信
學校組織社團評優(yōu)，要寫申請。你是學校創(chuàng)新社（Innovation Agency）的負責人，請你代表你們社參與評優(yōu)，寫一封申請信。
范文：
Dear Sir or Madame,Innovation Agency – “Most Improved Organization Award”.private tools’ rebuilding the living.building to make it accessible/easy to wheelchairs..Yours faithfully,Li Ming
c)回復投訴信（對別人投訴的回復和安撫）：承擔責任，嘗試挽回
有人投訴你負責的勤工助學中心某學生表現(xiàn)糟糕，部分原文：
I will not use your temporary staff any more for their disastrous performance.范文：
Dear Sir,temporary administration assistant you received from my organization,.We really care about our clients and that is why we will try to give some explanation about what happened.candidate training.work for you.Yours faithfully,Li Mingd)銷售信（空格處填入產(chǎn)品名）
Last year, we achieved a 215% increase in the sales of our ______.We believe that this happy state of affairs be attributed to two causes.First, we managed to avoid passing on any part of our increased manufacturing costs to our majestic clients.Second, we believe our designs and colors are the most attractive that we have ever produced.And so we are happy to be able to tell you that our new season’s ____ are, if anything, more persuasive than last year’s and our prices will compare very favorably with those of any of our competitors.We believe that your will agree that our samples prove the truth of our claims.We look forward for you to favor us an order.e)現(xiàn)場筆錄證明
You’ve come across a serious crash last night when a taxi heavily knocked down a passerby.Now the police asked you to offer a certificate of witness involving following points:
1.The time and place
2.The process of this emergency
Witness on a Crash
It was 時間 in a 星期 night, 日期, when I was about to enjoy my late snack a first aid to the young and phoned ambulance at once.Signature:Li Ming
(2)Notice——通知、告示
a)失物招領（Lost and Found）：信息要有所保留，不能全部透露
Case: You’ve picked up an ED（電子辭典）
1.Time and place
2.The feature of this electronic dictionary（留一個最大特征來核實對方身份）
3.Your information for contact
Lost and Found
On the evening of 日期regular magazine.of this ED the phone number Sincerely yours,Li Ming
第四篇：2013考研英語寫作
應用文
滿分策略：
3.1信函寫作：稱呼、正文、落款 第一步：審題—判斷是個人書信&事務公函
決定：
語域使用：正式:使用禮貌表達,不用縮略語（對公）
半正式: 可以使用縮略和口語表達（對私）
非正式:（一般不考）——It depends 呼語: 特定的寫信對象：Dear XX;不明確收信人：Dear Sir/Madam, or To Whom It May Concern，3.1.2正文 三段（8句）：寫作目的段、細化段、感謝或者期待。各種信函內(nèi)容安排
建議信：2007年及2009年Part A真題及解析： 基本結構：
Dear?/To Whom It May Concern, 第一段：寫信目的，自我介紹,贊揚在先,仍需改進。第二段：建議細節(jié)。
第三段：期望改進,表示感謝。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming 2007年Part A 真題及解析（建議信）：
Directions: Write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.To Whom It May Concern, I am a student in this university who regularly comes to the library to spend my spare time.Generally speaking, the services you offer here are quite good;however, I have some suggestions for you to adopt.And I would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration.To begin with, will you please prolong the time for reading? In the daytime, most of the students are having classes, so they can’t come to the library.Moreover, some of the books on shelves are out of date.If you are so kind as to provide us some books such as the latest magazines, we will be very pleased.I really wish to have a more comfortable library.Thank you for your time and consideration.Yours sincerely, Li Ming
建議信框架：
Dear XX/To Whom It May Concern, I am xxx who?.Generally speaking, the services you offer here are quite good;however, I have some suggestions for you to adopt.To begin with,?建議一； Moreover, ?建議二。
Thank you for your time and consideration.And I would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 投訴信
與投訴信比較：仍然以提建議為主,無需贊揚,直接表明寫信目的—即提建議,最后無需感謝,只需表示期待改進。
基本結構：
第一段： 自我介紹，陳述事由，提出建議。
第二段：投訴細節(jié)（補救細節(jié)）。第三段：期待改進。投訴信框架：
Dear XX/To Whom It May Concern, I am xxx who?.I am writing to express my dissatisfaction/disappointment about?（投訴信）。具體事由。To improve the situation, it is advisable for you to take the following measures。
To begin with,?細節(jié)一； Moreover, ?細節(jié)二。
We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind
Yours sincerely, Li Ming 致歉信：2008PartA真題及解析 基本結構和常用句型：
Dear?, 第一段：表明寫信目的：道歉，闡述道歉原因, 第二段：提出解決方法。
第三段：再次道歉。
Sincerely yours, Li Ming 2008 Part A 真題及解析（致歉信）： Directions: You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there.Write him a letter to 1)make an apology, and 2)suggest a solution.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the den of the letter.Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.解析
Dear Bob, I am writing to express my apology to you.Several days ago, I borrowed your music CD when I lived in your house.Unfortunately, after I came back from Canada, I found it in my luggage.Was in such a hurry that I forgot to return it to you.I will send it to you by post of expose as soon as possible.If necessary, I will compensate for any troubles it may cause.Once again, I feel so sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please accept my apologies.Sincerely yours, Li Ming 道歉信框架： Dear xx, I am writing to apologize to you for my failing to ?.道歉理由。
Excuse me for my carelessness in making such a mess.To make up for the inconvenience caused, I would like to...補償一。補償二。
Once again, I feel so sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please accept my apologies.Sincerely yours, Li Ming
辭職信：2005年Part A真題及解析（辭職信）： 基本結構： Dear?，Yours sincerely, Li Ming 2005年part a 真題及解析（辭職信）： Directions: Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine design and fashion.but now you find that the work is not what you expected.You decide to quit.Write a letter to your boss, Mr.Wang, Telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.Write your letter with no less than 100 words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter;use “Li Ming” instead.You do not need to write the address.Dear Mr.Wang, I am writing this letter to apologize that I will quit the position as an editor of your magazine for the reason of myself.Two months ago, I was accepted by the design and fashions as a member of it.I was deeply impressed by the kindness, diligence of all staff members around me.But during the span of working here, I have come to realize that the job probably is not suitable for me because I want a more peaceful life, such as a teacher.And you know that I am not an outgoing girl.I find that I am not able to devote all my efforts to a job which I do not really like.So I am awfully sorry to tell you my decision to quit.Please accept my apology.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 辭職信框架 Dear XX，Yours sincerely, Li Ming
慰問信： 基本結構： Dear?，Yours sincerely, Li Ming 范文解析： Dear Li Gang, I was really shocked and saddened to hear of your unhappy experience in the earthquake.There is little that anyone can say or do at a time like this to ease your grief, but I would express my deepest sympathy.In the next day or so you will receive a little package from me.I hope you like it, and that it will be useful at your present moment.What’s more, please don’t hesitate to contact me if there is anything else I can do now and always.I do hope you will soon get well again and be able to come back to school.Be assured of my availability and eagerness to help in any way I can.Yours sincerely，Li Ming 慰問信框架 Dear XX，Yours sincerely, Li Ming
Dear XX，Yours sincerely, Li Ming Li Ming 祝賀信： 基本結構： Dear?，Yours sincerely, Li Ming
范文解析：
Dear Zhang Jian, I am just as proud as you can be of you and send my sincerest congratulations on your admission to Beijing University as a postgraduate.During the past four years, you kept improving and devoted yourself into your major study.I am delighted that the four years of your study has been rewarded in this way.It is obvious that you will have a promising future in front of you.Congratulations again.I wish you will make great achievement in you future study and life.I am looking forward to hearing more good news in your studies and research work.Yours sincerely, Li Ming
祝賀信框架
Dear XX, I am just as proud as you can be of you and send my sincerest congratulations on?.During the past four years, you kept improving and devoted yourself into?.I am delighted that the four years of your effort has been rewarded in this way.It is obvious that you will have a promising future in front of you.Congratulations again.I wish you will make great achievement in you future study and life.I am looking forward to hearing more good news in your studies and research work.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 邀請信：
a)基本結構：
Dear?, Yours sincerely, Li Ming 范文解析：
Dear Professor Wang, It is my honor to inform you that there is a “Culture Festival” held in mu school.Would you like to give us an excellent lecture on Psychology in the auditorium of our campus at 6:30 P.M., Sept.13th? Since psychology has caused more and more concerns among the students, and you are an expert in the area, we all expect your acceptance and your wonderful lecture.I very much hope that you will accept the invitation.And I am looking forward to hearing back from you.Yours sincerely, Li Ming b)常用句型：
We are having a farewell party/a gather together/meeting/seminar in(place)on(date)at(time).Would you like to come?(不太正式)
It is my honor to inform you that there is an academic meeting in(place)on(date)at(time).We would be too glad to invite you as?(正式)
I very much hope that you will accept the invitation.And I am looking forward to hearing back from you.感謝信：（重要）
基本結構 Dear?，Yours sincerely, Li Ming
范文解析： Dear Jim, I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi.If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the Consequences might have been much more serious.Everyone agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.Although nowadays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish, we see very few people practice what they preach.If there were more people like you, this world would be a much nicer place.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 感謝信框架（重要）
Dear Jim，Yours sincerely, Li Ming 申請信:2006年Part A 真題及解析（申請信&請求信：工作，求學，獎學金）基本結構和常用句型： Dear?, 告知信息來源及寫信目的
突出重點的自我介紹（專業(yè)，學習成績，英語水平，學習能力，性格及合作精神）, 附簡歷, 表示感謝。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
申請信:其他
2006年Part A真題及解析（申請信&請求信）Directions：
You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area.Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate.You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.（10points）解析：
To Whom It May Concern, I am writing this letter to you to ask if there is a child in need of financial sponsorship through the Hope Foundation。
I am willing to give financial aid to those children who have not had a chance to receive education in poverty-stricken area.I would like to help two kinds of children：first ,those who do not have a stable source which can cover their education fees, and second, those whose academic performance in school is excellent.I have decided to commit myself to save the necessary financial aid required to accomplish my goal.I have not doubt(There is not doubt)that I meet the criteria required for a sponsor and look forward to hearing from you.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
I learnt from the newspaper that you want an accountant and I would like to apply for the job I am writing to apply for Enclosed is my resume to provide additional information about my undergraduate work.I would appreciate the opportunity to meet with you to discuss further how my qualifications meet the needs of your organization.Thank you for your time and consideration.推薦信
框架
第一段：寫信目的，指出寫信人和被推薦人的關系，第二段：推薦原因（品質(zhì)，能力，性格等）：多寫優(yōu)點肯定成績。
第三段：總結說明被推薦人值得被推薦（例如能勝任某項工作）。范文
Dear sir/ Madam, It is with great pleasure that I recommend to you Zhang Jian, an outstanding graduate majoring in Business Administration.I have been in charge of Mr.Zhang’s class since they were freshmen, so I know his well.He is courteous, sincere and hardworking.He took several courses in computer science, which strengthened his administration ability.And his excellent communication ability and a good command of English add a lot to his managerial skills.I believe Zhang Jian is the right person for the position as an administrator in your company.I recommend him without reservation and believe you will find him a helpful and responsible staff member.Yours sincerely, Li Ming
詢問信：考研英語大綱樣題應用文部分（詢問信）：
基本結構和常用句型：
Dear ?, 自我介紹,表明寫信目的是咨詢某事。
詢問細節(jié)。
感謝及相關信息。
Yours sincerely, Li Ming 常用句型：
27.I am writing this letter to inquire about ? 28.I want to/would like to know ? 29.I wonder if ?
30.Would it be possible for you to ?? 31.How should I pay for these books?—by cash or by other means? 32.Finally, if I order these books now, when can I get them? How will these books be delivered to my house? 33.I should be grateful if you could give me an early reply.3.2 備忘錄/告示類應用文寫作（Memorandum/Notice）
告示類
標題居中—notice/announcement 日期---標題下一行右側（Jan.7, 2012）
正文：
第一段 通知目的
第二段 具體信息
第三段 聯(lián)系方式、表示歡迎 范文分析
Announcement
Jan.7, 2012 In order to improve students’ ability, the Postgraduate Association is recruiting volunteers for a conference about globalization which will be held in the coming May.To begin with, the volunteers are requested to speak English fluently and are expected to be active and open-minded.Furthermore, the volunteers will be trained for 5 days and therefore the senior students with more free time are preferred.Anyone who is interested with it please contact us, and send your resume to the email address: 123456@163.com
Postgraduate Association memo基本結構： TO: FROM: SUBJECT: DATE:（month day,year）
正文
簽名 模擬題及范文： Directions: You are an active member of the student newspaper.The newspaper is currently looking for journalists for the summer semester.Write a memo that will appear in the newspaper next week describing the position available.Date: August 10,2005 To: All students From: Li Ming
3.3 摘要寫作（Abstract）
This article focuses on the ?.This thesis discuss/analyzes?.This paper provides an overview of ?
This paper presents up-to-date information on ?
第五篇：考研英語寫作
1.圖畫作文
It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about _______(圖畫主題)，which is ______________(進一步的說明)。He seems to be saying that_______________(給出細節(jié))。In my opinion，___________(個人闡述)。
This simple picture is a wake up call for ______(所涉群體，如the whole of the human race)。Therefore，it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to put an end to _____________(問題所在)。One the one hand，we must _________________(建議一)。It is clear that the drawer of the illustration is urging us to _________(進一步說明)。On the other hand，________________(建議二)Only in this way can we___________(展望前景)。
2.圖表作文
The chart gives us an overall picture of the ____________(圖表主題)。The first thing we notice is that_______________(圖表最大特點)。This means that as __________，_________________(進一步說明)。
We can see from the statistics given that _______________(圖表細節(jié)一)。After ving_________(細節(jié)一中的第一個變化)，the _____Ved+幅度+時間(緊跟著的變化)。The figures also tells us that_________________________(圖表細節(jié)二)。(數(shù)據(jù)位置，如In the second column)，we can see that ____________accounts for _______(進一步描述)。
Judging from these figures，we can draw the conclusion that___________(結論)。The reason for this，as far as I am concerned is that_____________(給出原因)。/ It is high time that we Ved(發(fā)出倡議)
各位可愛的同學：
考題為應用文寫作，所以要注意：
1.條理清楚，按照下列老師所列每種應用文的格式把內(nèi)容寫完整。
2.可以先用中文把提綱要求包含的信息都寫下來，再翻譯成英語。這樣可以確保不會把應該包括的信息漏掉。
3.不要寫錯誤的單詞，寧可用簡單易懂的單詞代替，注意卷面清潔和工整。預祝大家都考上心儀的學校，制定好復習計劃，按部就班，調(diào)整好心態(tài)好好復習，你的心愿一定能實現(xiàn)，人生該吃苦該拼搏時就要拼搏！各位加油！
一． 祝賀信(Letter of Congratulations)：
祝賀信的寫作與普通信件沒有什么大區(qū)別，但應注意：
1．必須包括對收信人的稱謂。
2．必須包括對收信人的祝賀。
3．必須包括寫信人的姓名。
4．措詞真誠、輕松愉快，切忌言過其實。
Sample:
Dear Guojun，I heard that you graduated with high honors from Southeast University last month.I know that all your family must be very proud of you, and as your friend, I feel the same.I wish you greater and more brilliant success in your studies and work in the future.With best wishes.Yours sincerely，Qi Zi
常用祝賀信用語
1．Warm congratulations on your success in passing the entrance examination to … university.熱烈祝賀你考上了……大學。
2．Please accept our sincere wishes for your…
請接受我們對您……的衷心祝愿。
3．I extend my best wishes for your success.衷心祝愿你成功。
4．May each new year bring you new hope.愿每個新年都給您帶來新的希望。
二、道歉信(Letter of Apology)
Sample:
May 5
Dear Carole，I am very sorry that I missed your phone call yesterday.I shall be at home tomorrow morning.Would you please call me again?
Sincerely yours，Lisa
道歉信常用語句
1．Please accept my sincere apologies.請接受我們誠摯的道歉。
2．Please accept my sincere apologies for the lateness of my birthday greetings.3．
I am sorry I missed your …
對不起，我錯過了你的……
4．I’ve to offer you an apology for not coming to your party.未能參加你的慶祝會，我得向你道歉。
5．Please accept my sincere apologies for…
請接受我對……誠摯的歉意。
Ex.就下述內(nèi)容寫一封道歉信：
你的一位朋友昨天來看望你，你正巧外出未遇，對此你寫信表示歉意，并約他明天再過來。
May 5
Dear Tom，I am very sorry that I was out when you called on me yesterday.Could you come again tomorrow evening as I have something important to discuss with you?
Sincerely yours，Lisa 更多例子：
1.因未能踐約赴宴致歉 Unable to keep one’s promise
Dear [Miss Nancy]，Much to my regret I was unable to keep my promise to attend your [birthday] party [last Saturday], owing to the fact that my [little son] was suddenly taken ill early [that day].Hoping to see you soon.Truly yours，親愛的[南希小姐]：
[小兒][上周六]突然生病，因此未能應約赴[生日]宴，殊覺抱歉，希原諒，再見。
祝好！
2.因遲復來信致歉 Because of answering one’s letter late
Dear [David]:
I am afraid that you will think me unpardonably negligent in not having answered your letter dated [7, December] sooner, but when I have told you the reason, I trust you will be convinced that the neglect was excusable.When your letter arrived, I was just in [Hong Kong].As my family could not forward it to me during my absence, it has been, therefore, lying on my desk until the moment when I took it up.Now the first thing I have to hasten to do is to write to you these few lines to express my deep regret.I enjoyed many pleasant sights during my trip.I shall be pleased to give you an account to of them when I see you next.Yours，親愛的[戴維]：
請原諒我收到您[12月7日]的來信后遲遲未復，現(xiàn)將原因告訴您，相信您一定會諒解的。您的來信到來時，我正巧在[香港]，家人無法及時轉遞。你的信一直放在我寫字臺上，直到我回到才看見，拖至今天才回信，深表歉意。
這次出去旅行飽覽了許多美麗景色，下次見到您時，將告訴您一切。
祝好！
3.因未能及時還書致歉 Unable to return borrowed book on time
Dear [Kate]:
Excuse me for my long delaying in returning to you your “Robinson Crusoe” which I read through with great interest.I had finished reading the book and was about to return it when [my cousin] came to see me.Never having seen the book, [She] was so interested in it that I had to retain it longer.However, I hope that in view of the additional delight thus afforded by your book, you will overlook my negligence in not returning it sooner.Thanking you again for the loan.Sincerely yours，親愛的[凱特]：
我遲遲未能歸還您的那本《魯濱遜飄流記》，請原諒。該書我讀得津津有味。讀完后，正預備歸還您時，我的[表妹]來訪，見這本書也感興趣，定要借去一讀。為了讓別人也能分享您那本書所給予的樂趣，我不能及時歸還。我想再延遲些日子奉還，諒您不會介意的。
再次感謝您的慷慨。
祝好！
4.因遺失借書致歉 Because of losing a borrowed book
Dear [Frank]:
I am terribly sorry to tell you that I have lost the valuable book you were so kind to lend me [last week].I read it [everyday] and intended to finish it [next month].[Last night] when I came to my room, it was nowhere to be found.I will try to recover it as soon as possible.If I fail to find it, I will get a new book for you.But I am afraid it can never take the place of the old one.Old books are like old friends.Once lost, they can never be replaced.They are connected with cherished associations which the new ones can never have.And for this irrecoverable loss, I am to blame.I was so careless with my things.This is a warning to me to be more careful in the future.Yours truly，親愛的[弗蘭克]：
很抱歉，[上星期]您借給我的那本書竟遺失了。我[每天]都在看，準備[下個月]看完。[昨晚]我回到我的臥室，到處也找不到那本書。我將盡力找到它。萬一找不到，我只好買一本新的還您。
但是，新書恐怕不能代替那本舊書吧！舊書跟舊友一樣，一旦失去就不能再得。舊書與往事相連，這種不可彌補的損失，皆由我起。我對待一切太大意了，這次給我一個警告，叫我以后要小心。
三、慰問信
慰問信應寫得真切，注意措辭，對輕病或者小損失，慰問信應寫得輕松一些。相反，對嚴重病情或重大損失，信就應該寫得深沉一些。慰問信寫時應注意：
1.寫給受傷人的信要簡短，中肯。信中不必問詢事故發(fā)生的過程、原因、見證人等。
2.慰問信中應寫一些被慰問者喜歡或熟悉的事物，如病人的愛好、興趣等，以使病人得到寬慰。
1.向朋友問候 A letter of inquiring after someone’s health
Dear [John]:
I am extremely sorry to hear that your illness, which we had thought was clearing up, has become more serious, and that your have had to go into hospital.Let us hope that it will be for only a very short time, and that you will soon be out and about again.Everybody here sends his best wishes to you for a quick recovery.With kind regards，Yours sincerely，親愛的[約翰]：
聽說你病了，我深感不安。原來我們還以為您的病情有所好轉，事實上卻反而加重，而不得不住進了醫(yī)院。但愿這是短時間的，很快不會恢復健康。這里每個人都祝愿您早日痊愈。
特此問候
2.問候朋友的母親 Inquiring after the health of a friend’s mother
Dear [Mr.Wang]，I felt very sorry indeed when I heard of [your mother]’s illness, and am anxious to know how [she] is of late.Under a separate cover I am sending [her a box of assorted biscuits] with my best regards.Sincerely yours 親愛的[王先生]：
聽說您的母親身體欠安，深表憂慮。不知令堂近況如何，實為惦念。隨信另寄上[什錦餅干一盒]，并致以最良好的問候。
您忠誠的
[吳洋]
3.祝賀朋友病愈 Congratulations on someone’s recovery
Dear [Jane]:
I learn, with very great pleasure, that the illness which has so cruelly caused great anxiety among your relatives and all those who know you has changed for the better and that you are now recovering, for which I therefore desire to congratulate you warmly.I hope that you will soon be completely restored to health.Yours sincerely
親愛的[簡]：
在您患病的這一期間內(nèi)，親戚朋友無不為你掛慮，聽到你的病已有好轉，并已逐漸痊愈，十分快慰，特地向你祝賀。
望你早日完全痊愈。
4.慰問喪偶的朋友 A letter of inquiring to those who lost their husband or wife
Dear [Mrs.Harper]，I would like to express my sorrow at the recent death of your [husband].In the long time it was my privilege to enjoy [Professor of Harper]’s friendship.I found [him] a sincere and helpful associate, with whom it was a pleasure [to work].The knowledge that my thoughts are with you at his time will, I hope, be of some comfort to you.Truly yours
親愛的[哈珀女士]：
獲悉你的[丈夫]最近逝世的消息，深表遺憾。
長期以來，能與[哈珀教授]保持友誼是我的榮幸。[哈珀教授]是一位我最樂于與其一道[工作]的忠實而有幫助的朋友。
但愿我此時的問候，能給您帶來一些安慰。
四、傳真
傳真是通過傳真機傳遞的信函，大多為業(yè)務信函。企事業(yè)單位都有專用的傳真紙，紙上面印有現(xiàn)成的傳真格式，擬發(fā)傳真時按格式填寫即可。下面為一種常見的傳真格式：
發(fā)傳真人單位名稱、地址=電話和傳真號碼、電子郵件網(wǎng)址
TO:(收傳真人單位)
DATE(發(fā)送傳真日期)
ATTN:(Attention, 收傳真部門或個人姓名)
FAX NO:(傳真號)
FROM：(發(fā)傳真部門或個人姓名)
PAGE(S):(所發(fā)傳真頁數(shù))
RE:(Regarding, 傳真內(nèi)容標題)
(傳真信函)：
稱呼語：
信體：
客套結語：
署名：
五、請求信
Example 1.1903 Huashan Road
Shanghai 200030 July 8, 1995
Dear Sirs，I wish to enroll your intensive English program before I attend a university in the fall of 1996.Your sending me application materials at your earliest convenience will be greatly appreciated.Sincerely yours，Wang Xiaoping
Example 2.Wang Xiaoping
1903 Huashan Road
Shanghai 200030
July 6,1998
Dear Sirs，I want to pursue a Master’s degree in Electrical Engineering at your university.My intended date of entrance is Spring, 1999.Would you please send me the application forms for admission?
Sincerely yours
Wang Xiaoping
六、布告(Announcement)：布告的寫作和便條一樣，也比較簡單。只要注意以下幾點即可：
1．在正文上方的中間位置應該注明布告的性質(zhì)。2．
正文中簡單明了地說明布告的事宜。3．
正文右下方應該注明發(fā)布告的單位。4．
發(fā)布告的日期可以省略。Sample:
Lost and Found A lady has picked a wrist watch in the shopping center and turned it over to our office.The owner of the wrist watch may come to claim it with his or her identification card.Lost and Found Office
七、(Notice)：英文通知的寫作也可采用不同形式。有的是采用句子的形式予以陳述，而有的則只做以簡單的羅列。一般應注意以下幾點： 1．必須包括notice字樣，而且每個字母都應采用大寫。
2．內(nèi)容必須包括時間、地點、事宜和通知對象等。表達須準確，措詞也要較正式。
3．必須包括寫通知的個人或者單位的稱謂，而且一般都放在通知的右下腳。
4．必須包括寫通知的日期。
Sample:
NOTICE
May 4, 2003 Mr.Wang, the general manager of Shanghai Golden Palm Computer System Limited Company, will give a lecture on Modern Information Management Model at 6:30 p.m.on March 12.The one-and-a-half-hour lecture will be held in the Multi-media Lecture Room.Students of Information Management are invited to attend the lecture.Information Management Department
Example 擬一張請計算機系的學生于10月5號星期三下午1：30到系會議室聽關于環(huán)境保護報告的通知。
NOTICE
Oct.2, 2004 All students of the Computer Department are requested to meet in the department conference room at 1:30 p.m.on Wednesday, October5, to hear a report on environmental protection.The Computer Department Office
八．便條 基本寫作格式
便條內(nèi)容和類型不盡相同，可以靈活變通。但各類便條必須包括以下幾個基本要素；1）Date：便條日期2）Salutation：稱呼3）Body：正文4）Signature：署名
樣例
收條：即收到錢物之后，給交錢或送物人寫張字據(jù)，說明已經(jīng)收到某物，可留作證據(jù)。條據(jù)上需寫明錢物名稱和數(shù)量、立據(jù)人及日期。不得涂改。
Jan.23rd,2003Received from Student, Wang Zihao one hundred yuan only for this months tuition fee.Li ManFor the Finance Office ofForeign Language Institute
欠條；留下字據(jù)，表示欠某人某物。條據(jù)上需寫明錢物名稱和數(shù)量、立據(jù)人及日期。不得涂改。
Sept.16th, 2002Borrowed from the Foreign Language Department Reference Library three books as follows:A copy of History and Anthology of English Literature by Wu WeirenA copy of A Survey of American Literature by Chang YaoxinA copy of World Literature by Jiang Chengen
Wu Zhuo
For the Office of
Social Science Department
留言：用書面留下要說的話。留言涉及的方面很多，包括約會，通知，請求等任何可用便條留下的口信。
TuesdayDear Li,As the Spring Festival is drawing near, Im very glad to invite you to come to a dinner party with several other friends of ours.Im sure we will have a very happy time and enjoy ourselves thoroughly.Would you like to come on time at 5:00 p.m.today, to Room 6 of Lijing Hotel?
Yours always, Jiayang
請假條：往往指由于生病或特殊情況不能親自當面請假，用假條的形式告假。所以，請假條大多是病假條。可以自寫，也可請他人代寫。寫假條最重要的是說明原因和請假的期限。
Jan.10thDear Ms.Jiang,I am terribly sorry that I shall be unable to attend this mornings two periods of English Class due to a bad cold and high fever.Enclosed is a certificate from the doctor who said I must stay in bed for a few days.I will go back to school as soon as I recover.Yours respectfully,Tian Ye
常用句子I shall feel obliged if you will favor me with a call at your earliest convenience.如您方便，請早日來電，我將不勝感激。
Delighted!Will call at 2 p.m.tomorrow.來條收悉，定于明天下午兩點拜訪。
Encl.: Doctors Certificate of Advice.附；醫(yī)生證明I shall be bery happy to call at your house at 6:30 this everying.Until then,...我定于今晚6：30去你家，望等候。
Upon receiving this note, please come to my office.見條后，請立即來我辦公室。
Mr.Li stands in urgent need of your service.李先生急需你的幫助。
I happen to be in urgent need of 200 yuan.我因有急事，需要200元。
Yours note with an admission ticket enclosed is much appreciated.留言和一張入場券均已收到，不勝感激。
Im very grateful to you for your kind invitation, and Im sure to come to see your concert.承蒙邀請觀看你們的音樂會，我一定按時到場。
Please accept this little figt as a small token of my esteen for you.奉上這小小的禮物，以表達我對您的崇高敬意。
結束語I trust my absence will not cause you any serious inconvenience.望我的缺席不會給你帶來太大的不便。
Please favor me with an early reply.敬請早復。
Hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.希望能及早處理此事。
Please give an extension of leave for three days.請準予續(xù)假三天為盼。
九、簡歷(resume)簡 歷 1 結構要點: 簡歷是個人經(jīng)歷的書面表達形式，應包含個人信息、教育背景和工作經(jīng)歷。有時還可包含事業(yè)目標（objective或career objective）、其他經(jīng)歷（activities）、獲獎情況（awards）和特長（special skills）等。舉例：Suppose you are going to graduate from the university.Write a resume in about 100 words to apply for a job.Do not use your own name, using “Li Mei” instead.Sample:
RESUME Personal Data: Name:Li Mei Sex:Female Address: Room 602, Dormitory Building 12,Wuhan University Wuhan, Hubei, 430021 Date of Birth:June 16, 1983 Place of Birth:Zunyi, Guizhou Telephone:(027)87273548, *** Email:angellimei@gmail.com Hobbies:painting, reading, Internet surfing, dancing Foreign Languages:English Objective: To work as a regional sales representative who is responsible for sales activity and coordination Education:
2002 ~ Present Studying at Wuhan University Bachelor of Arts in finance 1999 ~ 2002 Studying at Zunyi No.1 High School 1996 ~ 1999 Studying at Zunyi No.7 Junior High School Work Experience: None Special Skills and Technical Qualifications:
I am professionally trained in finance and economics.In addition to Mandarin, I can speak, write and read English fluently.I had two parttime jobs in Taiping Company and Zhida company, which helped me gain some sales operation knowledge and sales plan-ning experience
簡 歷
語言注意點: 簡歷忌過長或用詞空泛，提供的信息應有用、如實，編排須整齊有系統(tǒng)。
舉例：Suppose you are Tan Wen, English teacher at Taiyuan Institute of Technology.Write a resume in about 100 words to apply for a new job in another city.Sample: Tan Wen Taiyuan Institute of Technology Taiyuan, Shanxi Province telephone:(0351)6523787 Experience 2000 ~ Present Working as a lecturer of English at Taiyuan Institute of Technology Teaching undergraduate(nonEnglish majors)intensive reading, extensive reading, listening, writing Teaching graduate(nonEnglish majors)writing Education 1997 ~ 2000 Studying at Shanghai Teacher's University Master of Arts in American Studies 1993 ~ 1997 Studying at Shanxi University Bachelor of Arts in English Language and Literature 1990 ~ 1993 Studying at Mianyang Senior High School 1987 ~ 1990 Studying at Mianyang No.5 Junior High School Personal Data Sex: Female Date of Birth: June 27, 1976 place of Birth: Mianyang, Sichuan, China Marital Status: Married, without Child Health: Excellent
十、申請信
結構要點申請信是向收信人提出某個請求的信件，包含三個部分： 1． 提出請求； 2． 說明原因； 3． 請求回復并表示感謝。
舉例：Write a letter in about 100 words to apply for a scholarship from a foreign university.Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.Dear Sir, I wish to apply for admission to your department as a graduate student.I am writing to ask whether it will be possible for you to grant me a full scholarship.I have just graduated from Shanghai University of Finance and Economics and got my bachelors degree last month.During my four years in the university, I have passed all the compulsory courses of study with high marks.Furthermore, I have chosen a wide range of optional courses such as literary, history and public speaking to widen my horizon and sharpen my mind.My father, a professor of English in Nanjing University, has been teaching me English since I was a child.So I believe I will not have any language difficulties while learning in your country.I would be most grateful if my request receives your favorable consideration.Thank you in advance and look forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 語言注意點申請信開篇應點明主題，語言簡練。接著說明做此申請的原因，即自己所具備的申請條件，這一部分需重點明確，論述充分。最后請求回復并表示感謝時，應采用禮貌、誠懇的措辭。
舉例：Write a letter in about 100 words to apply for a membership in a community service team.Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.Dear Sir, I have heard that a service team which aims to help the old and the handicapped will be organized in our community.I am very interested in it and want to join the team.I now study in Tongji University and my parents live here.It is known to all that it is a virtue to help others in need.As a college student, I am eager to do something for the society.Helping others is meaningful in that we not only bring others convenience and strength but also gain pleasure and satisfaction ourselves.Therefore, please allow me to join the team.I will certainly try my best.Yours sincerely, Li Ming
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