第一篇：2005年10月份托福閱讀真題及答案（推薦）

Question 11-21: Printmaking is the generic term for a number of processes, of which woodcut and engraving are two prime examples.Prints are made by pressing a sheet of paper(or other material)against an image-bearing surface to which ink has been applied.When the paper is removed, the image adheres to it, but in reverse.The woodcut had been used in China from the fifth century A.D.for applying patterns to textiles.The process was not introduced into Europe until the fourteenth century, first for textile decoration and then for printing on paper.Woodcuts are created by a relief process;first, the artist takes a block of wood, which has been sawed parallel to the grain, covers it with a white ground, and then draws the image in ink.The background is carved away, leaving the design area slightly raised.The woodblock is inked, and the ink adheres to the raised image.It is then transferred to damp paper either by hand or with a printing press.Engraving, which grew out of the goldsmith's art, originated in Germany and northern Italy in the middle of the fifteenth century.It is an intaglio process(from Italian intagliare, “to carve”).The image is incised into a highly polished metal plate, usually copper, with a cutting instrument, or burin.The artist inks the plate and wipes it clean so that some ink remains in the incised grooves.An impression is made on damp paper in a printing press, with sufficient pressure being applied so that the paper picks up the ink.Both woodcut and engraving have distinctive characteristics.Engraving lends itself to subtle modeling and shading through the use of fine lines.Hatching and cross-hatching determine the degree of light and shade in a print.Woodcuts tend to be more linear, with sharper contrasts between light and dark.Printmaking is well suited to the production of multiple images.A set of multiples is called an edition.Both methods can yield several hundred good-quality prints before the original block or plate begins to show signs of wear.Mass production of prints in the sixteenth century made images available, at a lower cost, to a much broader public than before.11.What does the passage mainly discuss? A.The origins of textile decoration B.The characteristics of good-quality prints C.Two types of printmaking D.Types of paper used in printmaking 12.The word “prime” in line 2 is closest in meaning to A.principal B.complex C.general D.recent 13.The author's purposes in paragraph 2 is to describe A.the woodcuts found in China in the fifth century B.the use of woodcuts in the textile industry C.the process involved in creating a woodcut D.the introduction of woodcuts to Europe 14.The word “incised” in line 15 is closest in meaning to A.burned B.cut C.framed D.baked 15.Which of the following terms is defined in the passage/ A.“patterns”(line 5)B.“grain”(line 8)C.“burin”(line 16)D.“grooves”(line 17)16.The word “distinctive” in line 19 is closest in meaning to A.unique B.accurate C.irregular D.similar 17.According to the passage, all of the following are true about engraving EXCEPT that it A.developed from the art of the goldsmiths B.requires that the paper be cut with a burin C.originated in the fifteenth century D.involves carving into a metal plate 18.The word “yield” in line 23 is closest in meaning to A.imitate B.produce C.revise D.contrast 19.According to the passage, what do woodcut and engraving have in common? A.Their designs are slightly raised.B.They achieve contrast through hatching and cross-hatching.C.They were first used in Europe.D.They allow multiple copies to be produced from one original.20.According to the author, what made it possible for members of the general public to own prints in the sixteenth century? A.Prints could be made at low cost.B.The quality of paper and ink had improved.C.Many people became involved in the printmaking industry.D.Decreased demand for prints kept prices affordable.21.According to the passage, all of the following are true about prints EXCEPT that they A.can be reproduced on materials other than paper B.are created from a reversed image C.show variations between light and dark shades D.require a printing press

Questions 22-31: The first peoples to inhabit what today is the southeastern United States sustained themselves as hunters and gathers.Sometimes early in the first millennium A.D., however, they began to cultivate corn and other crops.Gradually, as they became more skilled at gardening, they settled into permanent villages and developed a rich culture, characterized by the great earthen mounds they erected as monuments to their gods and as tombs for their distinguished dead.Most of these early mound builders were part of the Adena-Hopewell culture, which had its beginnings near the Ohio River and takes its name from sites in Ohio.The culture spread southward into the present-day states of Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida.Its peoples became great traders, bartering jewellery, pottery, animal pelts, tools, and other goods along extensive trading networks that stretched up and down eastern North America and as far west as the Rocky Mountains.About A.D.400, the Hopewell culture fell into decay.Over the next centuries, it was supplanted by another culture, the Mississippian, named after the river along which many of its earliest villages were located.This complex civilization dominated the Southeast from about A.D.700 until shortly before the Europeans began arriving in the sixteenth century.At the peak of its strength, about the year 1200, it was the most advanced culture in North America.Like their Hopewell predecessors, the Mississippians became highly skilled at growing food, although on a grander scale.They developed an improved strain of corn, which could survive in wet soil and a relatively cool climate, and also learned to cultivate beans.Indeed, agriculture became so important to the Mississippians that it became closely associated with the Sun---the guarantor of good crops.Many tribes called themselves “children of the Sun” and believed their omnipotent priest-chiefs were descendants of the great sun god.Although most Mississippians lived in small villages, many others inhabited large towns.Most of these towns boasted at least one major flat-topped mound on which stood a temple that contained a sacred flame.Only priests and those charged with guarding the flame could enter the temples.The mounds also served as ceremonial and trading sites, and at times they were used as burial grounds.22.What does the passage mainly discuss? A.The development of agriculture B.The locations of towns and villages C.The early people and cultures of the United States D.The construction of burial mounds 23.Which of the following resulted from the rise of agriculture in the southeastern United States? A.The development of trade in North America B.The establishment of permanent settlements C.Conflicts with other Native American groups over land D.A migration of these peoples to the Rocky Mountains.24.What does the term “Adena-Hopewell”(line 7)designate? A.The early locations of the Adena-Hopewell culture B.The two most important nations of the Adena-Hopewell culture C.Two former leaders who were honored with large burial mounds.D.Two important trade routes in eastern North America 25.The word “bartering” in line 9 is closest in meaning to A.producing B.exchanging C.transporting D.loading 26.The word “supplanted” in line 13 is closest in meaning to A.conquered B.preceded C.replaced D.imitated 27.According to the passage, when did the Mississippian culture reach its highest point of development? A.About A.D.400 B.Between A.D.400 AND A.D.700 C.About A.D.1200 D.In the sixteenth century 28.According to the passage, how did the agriculture of the Mississippians differ from that of their Hopewell predecessors? A.The Mississippians produced more durable and larger crops of food.B.The Mississippians sold their food to other groups.C.The Mississippians could only grow plants in warm, dry climates.D.The Mississippians produced special foods for their religious leaders.29.Why does the author mention that many Mississippians tribes called themselves “children of the Sun”(line 22)? A.To explain why they were obedient to their priest-chiefs.B.To argue about the importance of religion in their culture.C.To illustrate the great importance they placed on agriculture.D.To provide an example of their religious rituals.30.The phrase “charged with” in line 26 is closest in meaning to A.passed on B.experienced at C.interested in D.assigned to 31.According to the passage, the flat-topped mounds in Mississippian towns were used for all of the following purposes EXCEPT A.religious ceremonies B.meeting places for the entire community C.sites for commerce D.burial sites

Question 32-40: Overland transport in the United States was still extremely primitive in 1790.Roads were few and short, usually extending from inland communities to the nearest river town or seaport.Nearly all interstate commerce was carried out by sailing ships that served the bays and harbors of the seaboard.Yet, in 1790 the nation was on the threshold of a new era of road development.Unable to finance road construction, states turned for help to private companies, organized by merchants and land speculators who had a personal interest in improved communications with the interior.The pioneer in this move was the state of Pennsylvania, which chartered a company in 1792 to construct a turnpike, a road for the use of which a toll, or payment, is collected, from Philadelphia to Lancaster.The legislature gave the company the authority to erect tollgates at points along the road where payment would be collected, though it carefully regulated the rates.(The states had unquestioned authority to regulate private business in this period.)The company built a gravel road within two years, and the success of the Lancaster Pike encouraged imitation.Northern states generally relied on private companies to build their toll roads, but Virginia constructed a network at public expense.Such was the road building fever that by 1810 New York alone had some 1,500 miles of turnpikes extending from the Atlantic to Lake Erie.Transportation on these early turnpikes consisted of freight carrier wagons and passenger stagecoaches.The most common road freight carrier was the Conestoga wagon, a vehicle developed in the mid-eighteenth century by German immigrants in the area around Lancaster, Pennsylvania.It featured large, broad wheels able to negotiate all but the deepest ruts and holes, and its round bottom prevented the freight from shifting on a hill.Covered with canvas and drawn by four to six horses, the Conestoga wagon rivaled the log cabin as the primary symbol of the frontier.Passengers traveled in a variety of stagecoaches, the most common of which had four benches, each holding three persons.It was only a platform on wheels, with no springs;slender poles held up the top, and leather curtains kept out dust and rain.32.Paragraph 1 discusses early road building in the United States mainly in terms of the A.popularity of turnpikes B.financing of new roads C.development of the interior D.laws governing road use 33.The word “primitive” in line 1 is closest in meaning to A.unsafe B.unknown C.inexpensive D.undeveloped 34.In 1790 most roads connected towns in the interior of the country with A.other inland communities B.towns in other states C.river towns or seaports D.construction sites 35.The phrase “on the threshold of” in line 4 and 5 is closest in meaning to A.in need of B.in place of C.at the start of D.with the purpose of 36.According to the passage, why did states want private companies to help with road building? A.The states could not afford to build roads themselves.B.The states were not as well equipped as private companies.C.Private companies could complete roads faster than the states.D.Private companies had greater knowledge of the interior.37.The word “it” in line 11 refers to A.legislature B.company C.authority D.payment 38.The word “imitation” in line 14 is closest in meaning to A.investment B.suggestion C.increasing D.copying 39.Virginia is mentioned as an example of a state that A.built roads without tollgates B.built roads with government money C.completed 1,500 miles of turnpikes in one year D.introduced new law restricting road use 40.The “l(fā)arge, broad wheels” of the Conestoga wagon are mentioned in line 21 as an example of a feature of wagons that was A.unusual in mid-eighteenth century vehicles B.first found in Germany C.effective on roads with uneven surfaces D.responsible for frequent damage to freight

Question 41-50: In Death Valley, California, one of the hottest, most arid places in North America, there is much salt, and salt can damage rocks impressively.Inhabitants of areas elsewhere, where streets and highways are salted to control ice, are familiar with the resulting rust and deterioration on cars.That attests to the chemically corrosive nature of salt, but it is not the way salt destroys rocks.Salt breaks rocks apart principally by a process called crystal prying and wedging.This happens not by soaking the rocks in salt water, but by moistening their bottoms with salt water.Such conditions exist in many areas along the eastern edge of central Death Valley.There, salty water rises from the groundwater table by capillary action through tiny spaces in sediment until it reaches the surface.Most stones have capillary passages that suck salt water from the wet ground.Death Valley provides an ultra-dry atmosphere and high daily temperatures, which promote evaporation and the formation of salt crystals along the cracks or other openings within stones.These crystals grow as long as salt water is available.Like tree roots breaking up a sidewalk, the growing crystals exert pressure on the rock and eventually pry the rock apart along planes of weakness, such as banding in metamorphic rocks, bedding in sedimentary rocks, or preexisting or incipient fractions, and along boundaries between individual mineral crystals or grains.Besides crystal growth, the expansion of halite crystals(the same as everyday table salt)by heating and of sulfates and similar salts by hydration can contribute additional stresses.A rock durable enough to have withstood natural conditions for a very long time in other areas could probably be shattered into small pieces by salt weathering within a few generations.The dominant salt in Death Valley is halite, or sodium chloride, but other salts, mostly carbonates and sulfates, also cause prying and wedging, as does ordinary ice.Weathering by a variety of salts, though often subtle, is a worldwide phenomenon.Not restricted to arid regions, intense salt weathering occurs mostly in salt-rich places like the seashore, near the large saline lakes in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica, and in desert sections of Australia, New Zealand, and central Asia.41.What is the passage mainly about? A.The destructive effects of salt on rocks.B.The impressive salt rocks in Death Valley.C.The amount of salt produced in Death Valley.D.The damaging effects of salt on roads and highways.42.The word “it” in line 9 refers to A.salty water B.groundwater table C.capillary action D.sediment 43.The word “exert” in line 14 is closest in meaning to A.put B.reduce C.replace D.control 44.In lines 13-17, why does the author compare tree roots with growing salt crystals? A.They both force hard surfaces to crack.B.They both grow as long as water is available.C.They both react quickly to a rise in temperature.D.They both cause salty water to rise from the groundwater table.45.In lines 17-18, the author mentions the “expansion of halite crystals...by heating and of sulfates and similar salts by hydration” in order to A.present an alternative theory about crystal growth B.explain how some rocks are not affected by salt C.simplify the explanation of crystal prying and wedging D.introduce additional means by which crystals destroy rocks 46.The word “durable” in line 19 is closest in meaning to A.large B.strong C.flexible D.pressured 47.The word “shattered” in line 20 is closest in meaning to A.arranged B.dissolved C.broken apart D.gathered together 48.The word “dominant” in line 22 is closest in meaning to A.most recent B.most common C.least available D.least damaging 49.According to the passage, which of the following is true about the effects of salts on rocks? A.Only two types of salts cause prying and wedging.B.Salts usually cause damage only in combination with ice.C.A variety of salts in all kinds of environments can cause weathering.D.Salt damage at the seashore is more severe than salt damage in Death Valley, 50.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about rocks that are found in areas where ice is common? A.They are protected from weathering.B.They do not allow capillary action of water.C.They show similar kinds of damage as rocks in Death Valley.D.They contain more carbonates than sulfates.答案

CACBC ABBDA DCBAB CCACD BBDCC AADBC AAAAD BCBCC

第二篇：托福 05年01月5月8月真題答案

2005年1月 聽力

bcdbd cddad bcdda abbdc bdcba aaCdc bcacc bdaba bcbda ccdab

語法

bcdbc bcacb cbdcb ccabd cbabd adaca bcdcd bcbdc 閱讀

Dcaac cdaaB bdcac aAdbd cbBca cadda bcdaa cbbdD dbabd cdcBb

2005年5月 聽力

ADABA ABABB BCDBC DCBAD CBABC DADCC CBACC ADBBC DCBDA CABBD 語法

BADBC ACBCD ACACC DCDBD CDBDC ADBDB DACDB DADBD 閱讀

ABCBD DDCAD BDCDA ACDAB DCBDB CADDB ACCBC ABDDD ACAAD CCBDC

2005年08月

聽力DCBDA ABBDD BDDCB ACBDB CABAC DDAAC BCCBA ABDDB BCADC BBBAD

語法ACDAB DBDAB CDABB ADADC BBCBC DCCBD ACBBD CDDDC

閱讀ACBAC BADCA BBCDB BDBAC DBADD ACBCC DBBAC DACBC AABCD DDCBB

第三篇：EMSS6月份考試真題

20090628EMS審核知識試卷整理

一、單項選擇題

1、申請人資格經(jīng)歷要求（）。

A 申請人應(yīng)具有大專（含）以上高等教育學(xué)歷，有至少4年技術(shù)或管理崗位的工作經(jīng)歷。

B 申請人應(yīng)具有本科以上高等教育學(xué)歷，有至少5年技術(shù)或管理崗位的工作經(jīng)歷。

C 申請人應(yīng)具有大專（含）以上高等教育學(xué)歷，有至少5年技術(shù)或管理崗位的工作經(jīng)歷。

D 申請人應(yīng)具有本科以上高等教育學(xué)歷，有至少4年技術(shù)或管理崗位的工作經(jīng)歷。

2、實習審核員再注冊要求 注冊證書到期（），向CCAA提出再注冊申請。

A 前3個月內(nèi)B 前2個月內(nèi)C前1個月內(nèi)

6、當質(zhì)量管理體系、環(huán)境管理體系、職業(yè)健康安全管理體系被一起審核時，稱為（）。

（A）整合審核（B）一體化審核（C）聯(lián)合審核（D）結(jié)合審核

13、審核范圍通常包括對（）的描述。

（A）實際位置、產(chǎn)品、活動和過程以及所覆蓋的時期

（B）實際位置、組織單元、活動和過程以及所覆蓋的時期

（C）實際位置、產(chǎn)品、活動和過程以及所覆蓋的時期

（D）實際位置、組織單元、產(chǎn)品、活動和過程

15、剛性較強的組織形式是（）。

（A）簡單式結(jié)構(gòu)（B）職能式結(jié)構(gòu)（C）分部式結(jié)構(gòu)（D）矩陣結(jié)構(gòu)

二、多項選擇題

16.對某紡織廠進行環(huán)境管理體系審核,審核準則可以是（）A:GB/T24001標準

B:組織的運行控制程序

C:認證認可條例

D:紡織印染工業(yè)適用的法律法規(guī)

17、GB/T19011-2003/ISO19011：2002《質(zhì)量和（或）環(huán)境管理體系審核指南》適用于（）。

（A）需要實施質(zhì)量和（或）環(huán)境管理體系內(nèi)部審核的所有組織

（B）需要實施質(zhì)量和（或）環(huán)境管理體系外部審核的所有組織

（C）需要管理審核方案的所有組織

（D）可適用于其他領(lǐng)域的審核

18、以下哪些方面是企業(yè)制定方針目標的主要依據(jù)？（）

（A）市場需求和顧客（B）競爭對手情況（C）社會發(fā)展動向（D）政府管理要求

三、判斷題

21、程序可以形成文件，也可以不形成文件。（）

22、根據(jù)GB/T24001-2004中“4.5.4”記錄控制條款，組織應(yīng)建立并保持必要的記錄，但并不要求為此而建立程序。（）

23、GB/T之“4.4.3信息交流”，強調(diào)的是信息的傳遞，而不是處理。（）

24、在監(jiān)督審核前不必進行文件審核。（）

25、審核準則應(yīng)當包括GB/T24001-2004標準的附錄內(nèi)容。（）

26、審核員必須到現(xiàn)場跟蹤驗證糾正措施的有效性。（）

27、在第三方審核中，重要的是要收集不合格的信息。（）

28、第三方認證審核中的初次審核、監(jiān)督審核和復(fù)評都是完整體系審核。（）

29、認證結(jié)論的最后正式發(fā)布由審核組長決定，（）

四、簡答題

31、在審核4.5.2合規(guī)性評價的符合性和有效性時，應(yīng)提供哪些證據(jù)？

32、寫出現(xiàn)場審核實施的內(nèi)容

33、在審核4.3.1環(huán)境因素的符合性和有效性時，應(yīng)提供哪些證據(jù)？

五、闡述題

34、某城市工業(yè)區(qū)內(nèi)一汽車制造廠涂漆車間的生產(chǎn)工藝為：清洗除油—水清洗—磷化—水清洗—涂漆—水清洗—干燥—中涂—烘干—噴面漆—烘干；清洗除油采用NaOH和合成洗滌劑，磷化使用磷酸鋅、硝酸鎳，涂底漆使用不含鉛的水溶性涂料，中漆和面漆含甲苯、二甲苯，烘干采用熱空氣加熱方式。生產(chǎn)過程中產(chǎn)生的廢氣經(jīng)過吸附處理后由30米高的排氣筒排放；產(chǎn)生的廢水排入汽車制造廠污水綜合處理站處理達標后排入城市污水處理廠。

（1）該涂漆車間的主要環(huán)境因素有哪些？

（2）請給出噴漆廢水的主要污染因子，評價污水處理方式的合規(guī)性。

（3）與該生產(chǎn)過程有關(guān)的固體廢棄物是否屬于危險廢物，為什么？

35、某公司噴漆作業(yè)產(chǎn)生的廢氣通過活性炭吸附裝置進行處置，但審核組發(fā)現(xiàn)企業(yè)最近的自我監(jiān)督報告中二甲苯廢氣嚴重超標，請就上述情況談?wù)剬徍怂悸罚ㄖ辽僬劤鋈龡l款的內(nèi)容）

六、案例題

36、審核員審核某公司內(nèi)部審核記錄時發(fā)現(xiàn)，2007年6月份內(nèi)部審核共開出不符合報告20份，其中生產(chǎn)部就有15份，審核時間為3小時；辦公室沒有不符合，審核時間為2小時.查看2008年8月份內(nèi)部審核記錄，其中生產(chǎn)部的審核時間為2小時，辦公室的審核時間為3小時。是否存在不符合，寫出不符合條款號和條款內(nèi)容及不符合事實描述。

37、2008年6月審核員在對某廠進行審核時發(fā)現(xiàn)，公司在3個月前新建了噴漆生產(chǎn)線，查閱該公司的環(huán)境因素識別和評價記錄，發(fā)現(xiàn)在2008年1月更新了環(huán)境因素。環(huán)境因素中沒有噴漆生產(chǎn)線的環(huán)境因素。審核員詢問環(huán)境管理體系負責人，他說將在2008年12月管理評審時，再進行環(huán)境因素的更新。

38、審核員發(fā)現(xiàn)電鍍車間含鉻廢水流向地下，問車間主任不清楚，動力處孫處長說各車間廢水均沒有直接排放，公司所有的廢水均排向綜合處理系統(tǒng)進行處理，達標后排放。是否存在不符合，寫出不符合條款號和條款內(nèi)容及不符合事實描述。

39、審核員在某公司進行第一階段審核時，從內(nèi)審資料抽查一份報告是，機加工車間漏油的報告已經(jīng)結(jié)案，但是第二階段審核時發(fā)現(xiàn)機加工車間的漏油仍很嚴重。

第四篇：托福歷年詞匯真題近義詞匯總

歷年詞匯真題

Inaccessible 難以接近的：unreachable Extracting 提取，提煉：removing Strength 基礎(chǔ)：basis Surging 激增，迅速上升：accelerating Trend 傾向，趨勢：tendency Peak 最高點，最高峰：maximum Prior to 在前，局先：preceding Advocates 提倡者，贊成者：proponents Unsubstantiated 無確實根據(jù)的，未經(jīng)證實的：unverified Maintain 維持：preserve Considerable 極其，相當，大量：substantial Enactment 制定，執(zhí)行：performance Staggering 令人驚愕的：overwhelming Devastated 毀壞：ruined Demonstrate 證明，示威：showed Extend 延伸，擴展：stretch Vast 巨大的，遼闊的：large Sparked 發(fā)動，鼓舞：brought about Potential 潛在的，可能的：possible Outstanding 突出的，顯著的：excellent Account for 解釋，說明：explain Picking up 沿著：following A supremacy至高，霸權(quán)：a dominance Supplanted代替：replaced Myriad無數(shù):many Supreme最高的：most outstanding Settle解決，決定：decide Ascending 上升，攀登：climbing Solemn 嚴肅的：serious Composed創(chuàng)作，作曲：created Scores 樂譜：music composition Comprises 包含，由，構(gòu)成：consists of Intense 劇烈的：extreme Margins 空白：edges Support 支撐：hold Appreciation 感激，評價，欣賞：recognition Bias 偏見：prejudice Prevailing 流行的：most frequent Accumulated 積聚，堆積：collected Related 有關(guān)系得：connected Supported 支撐：upheld Forward-looking 向前看的：progressive 進步的 Rudimentary 不發(fā)達的，未發(fā)展的：undeveloped Sole 唯一的：only Subsidizes 資助：finance Rotates 旋轉(zhuǎn)：alternates Implements 玩具：tools Clues 線索：information Hemispheres 半球：sides Subject to 遭受：susceptible to Puncture 刺穿：pierce Dramatic 戲劇性的，顯著的：striking Characterized 不同，區(qū)別于其他：distinguished Bizarre 古怪的：odd Casts off 拋棄：gets rid of Homogeneous 一致的，同一的：uniform Largely renounces 基本上拒絕：generally rejects Prevail 流行，支配控制：dominates Subtle 輕微的，精細的：slight Compile 收集，積累：put together Raw 未加工的，為處理的：unprocessed Prospect 前景，可能性：possibility Roughly 大約地：approximately Magnify 增加，擴大：increase Distinction 不同，區(qū)別：differences Fused 結(jié)合：combined Lure 吸引：attract Placed 放置：deposited Discrete 分泌：separate Overtaxed 負擔沉重的：heavily burdened Inadequate 不充足的：deficient Inevitable 不可避免地：unavoidably Lamented 不滿，抱怨：complaint about First rank 最高水平：highest quality Faded from 消失于：disappeared from Novel 創(chuàng)新的，新穎的：innovative Stationary 固定的：fixed Vessel 船只：craft Smothering 窒息的：eliminated Coined 組成，創(chuàng)造：created Intervention 干預(yù)：influence Emerged 出現(xiàn)：appeared Outlining 概括，總結(jié)：summarizing Deliberate 仔細地：careful Demanded 需要：required Imitate 模仿：copy Comparably 相似地：similarly Inclinations 偏好，喜好 : preferences Varied 不同：differed Cumbersome 笨重地：burdensome Confined 局限：limited Framed 構(gòu)造，制定：posed Supposedly 可能地，推測地：seemingly Sanitation 衛(wèi)生：health Conflicting 對立的：apposing Give way to 讓位于：turns into Speculate 假設(shè)：hypothesize Alternative 選擇：option Imposing 要求高的，費力的：demanding Penetrate 穿過：go through Extended 增加，延長：increase Preferred 喜歡;favored Barren 貧瘠的：infertile Hard 堅硬的：firm Divergence 不同，區(qū)別：difference Durable 耐久地：long-lasting Dwelling 住所：houses Elaborately 精心地：done in a great detail Bounds 限制：limits Chance 偶然的：unplanned Integral 必要的，基本的：an essential Carry 承擔：support Concentrated 集中：clustered Effect 影響：influence Distinct 區(qū)別，不同：separate Setting 建立：establishing Ends 目標：goals Drastic 激進的：radical Extracted 提?。簉emoved Instances 例子:cases Entombed 陷入：trapped Marked 明顯的:pronounced Ushering 開始，引入：beginning Execute 執(zhí)行，創(chuàng)造：create Domains 領(lǐng)域：fields Fundamental 基本的：basic Skilled 專業(yè)的：expert Presided over 管理控制：managed Celestial 天文學(xué)的：astronomical Entities 物體：objects Motifs 母題，圖案：designs Rare 罕見的:infrequent Maintaining 維持：preserving Tolerate 忍耐：endure Obtain 獲得 get Roll back 減少 reduce Stimulating 刺激 encouraging Depressed 降低，使沮喪 lowered Stringent 嚴厲的 strict Dictates 決定 determines Witnessed 看到 observed A break with 分開 a departure from Conserve 維持，保留 retain Magnified 加強，加劇 intensified Forage 覓食 feed Counteracted 否定，抵消 negated In season 應(yīng)季 a particular time of year Fixture 尋常物品 commonplace object Nevertheless 但是 however Rotates 轉(zhuǎn)動，改變 turns Readily 容易地，欣然地 easily Constituting 組成 making up Pits 洞，坑 holes Disputes 爭論 arguments Unrestricted 不受限制的 unlimited Snap 折斷 break Fed 吃/放入 put Exposed to 易受影響的，受支配 subjected to Exert 引起，導(dǎo)致 cause Diffuses 穿過，擴散 travels Rapture 破裂 burst Miniscule 微小的 tiny Enables 使能夠 allows Aesthetically 美學(xué)的，藝術(shù)的 artistically Refreshing 非同尋常的，耳目一新的 unusual Devote 奉獻 dedicate Bound 系，綁 tied Assembling 聚集 gathering Adorned 裝修 decorated Attire 服裝 clothing Unravel 揭露 discover Mundane平凡的 ordinary Gap 空隙 opening Discards 拋棄 gets rid of Deft 靈巧的 skilled Robust 強壯的 strong Heralded 宣布 announced Position 職位 job Major 主要的 principal Symmetrical 比例平衡的，對稱的 proportionally balanced Obvious 明顯的 apparent Dominated 占支配地位的 were prevalent in Supplements 補充 extensions Crisscross 交叉 move back and forth Skepticism 懷疑主義 doubt Subsidy 資助 financing Conjectural 猜測的 based on guessing Employing 采用 using Assortment 種類 variety Exalted 高級的 superior Ingots 銀錠/塊 blocks of silver mixed with copper Came of age 出現(xiàn)了，成名了 established itself Trace 痕跡 imprints Exposed 暴露 uncovered Adversely 逆向/反的 negatively Altered 改變 changed Noxious 有毒的，有害的 harmful Detectable 可以探測的 measurable Acute 敏銳的，劇烈的 intense Exceeded 超越 surpassed Astounding 驚訝的 surprising Durable 耐久的 lasting Customarily 通常 usually Induced 導(dǎo)致 caused Remarkable 異常的 extraordinary Exerted 運用 applied Restricted 限制 limited Intricate 錯綜復(fù)雜的 complex Vary 區(qū)別，不同 differ Initially 首先 at first Cohesion 凝聚力 unity Consciously 有意識地，故意地 purposely Unadorned 未裝飾的，平凡的 plain Consumption 消費，吃 eating Constituents 組成部分 components Calculated 計算，決定 determined Ceased 停止 stop Prominent 著名的 distinguished Apply to 應(yīng)用于 used for Coarser 粗糙的 rougher Dense 濃密的 thick Thanks to 由于 because of Eagerly anticipated 渴望，期待 looked forward to Properties 特征，特點 characteristics Ascribed to 歸功于，認為 assumed to be true of Revolutionized 巨變，革命 dramatically changed Appeal 吸引attraction Spawned 產(chǎn)生，產(chǎn)卵 created Core 核心 center Embedded 鑲嵌 encased Spotting 識別 identifying Dogma 信仰，教條 belief Detect 發(fā)現(xiàn) discovered the presence of Shied away from 避免 avoided Milestone 里程碑 significant development Critical 關(guān)鍵的 essential Jolting 震動 shocking Magnitude 成都/大小 extent Attachment to 傾向于 preference for Protruding 凸出的 projecting Shield 保護 protect Daring 大膽bold Boosted 鼓舞 raised Inhibited 阻礙hindered Counterpart 版本，對應(yīng)物 version Detectable 明顯的，可探測的 apparent Sumptuous 奢侈的 luxurious Yield 供應(yīng)provide Adhere 堅持 stick Initiate 啟動，開始 begin Modifying 改變，限制 changing Rapidity 迅速 swiftness Efficiency 效率 effectiveness Rear 撫養(yǎng) raise Scale 攀登 climb Immunity 免疫，保護 protection Conspicuous 明顯的 noticeable Bias 偏見 prejudice Exorbitant 豐富的 expensive Undergone 經(jīng)歷 experienced Consorted 交往 associated Sufficient 充足 adequate Annihilate 消滅，征服 conquer Aptly 恰當?shù)?appropriately Fashion 制造 create Article 物品 object Staples 基本產(chǎn)品 basic elements Invade 侵入 move into Contemporary 當代的 existing Finely 微小的 minutely Attendant 伴隨的 accompanying Exponential leaps 迅速上升 rapid increases Virtually 幾乎完全，實際上 almost completely Pertinent 相關(guān)的 relevant Succinct 簡明 concise Revise 改變 change Monopolized 壟斷 dominated Factions 部分 sides Flattering 贊美 complimentary Disseminated 分散 spread Accelerated 加速 increased Given way to 替代 been replaced by Reliance 依賴 dependence Picture 想象 imagine Emit 發(fā)出 give off Glowing 發(fā)光的 shining Influx 流入，到達 arrival Extraordinary 異常的 exceptional Era 時代 period of time Intriguing 吸引人的 attractive Conclusive 總結(jié)性的 definitive Preoccupation 卷入involvement Primary 基本的fundamental Entire 整個whole Bring about 引起 cause Temping 吸引人的 attractive Reckless 不負責任的 irresponsible Concomitant with 同時發(fā)生的，與之伴隨的 in conjunction with Skyrocketing 迅速上升 increasing rapidly Extolling 高度贊揚praising Roughly 大約harshly Reaped 獲得gained Interchangeable 互換的，等同于 equivalent Classified 分類 categorized Incinerated itself 燃燒 burn up Securing 獲得 acquiring Implications 意義 significant Hinterland 腹地，內(nèi)地貿(mào)易區(qū) region Persisted 堅持，持續(xù) continued Undergoing 經(jīng)歷，遭受 experiencing Suspend 懸掛，延遲 hang Fatal 致命的 deadly Secure 安全的 safe Sorted out 分類，挑練 separated Dampened 使潮濕 moistened Fine 細微的 tiny Derived 起源，得自 obtained Drastically 激烈的，徹底的severely Coincided with 一致，符合 happened at the same time Supplement 補充 add to Contemporary 當代的，同時代的 written at the same time Prized 珍視 valued Overtaken 超越，勝出surpassed Intervals 間隔 periods Freeing 解除 releasing Plunge 投入，跳進 drop Tangled纏結(jié)的，紊亂的 twisted together Concealed 隱藏 covered Avail themselves 利用 make use Accordingly 因此for that reason Crucial至關(guān)重要的 important Ponderous 笨重的heavy Attained 達到，獲得achieved Abundant 豐富的，充裕的plentiful Peculiar 獨特的，奇異的strange Meticulously小心翼翼的 carefully Durability 經(jīng)久，耐久力endurance Incised雕刻的carved Consumed消耗，吃eaten Innovative 創(chuàng)新的 new Extract 提取，提煉remove Scorched燒焦burned Consequence 結(jié)果result Exceed超越，勝出go beyond Generated 產(chǎn)生 cause Norm 標準 standard Henceforth 今后 from that time on Mandated委托統(tǒng)治的recommended Immutable 不可變的unchangeable Revered 尊敬 respected Consist 一致的，協(xié)調(diào)的constant Intent 目的，意向 goal Administered 管理 managed Periphery 外圍 outer edge Inception 起初beginning Fabricating 構(gòu)成，虛構(gòu)constructing Resort to 采取using Ingenuity 機靈，靈巧resourcefulness Functional 有功能的，有用的usable Significant 有意義的meaningful Attained 獲得reached Flamed 燃燒burned Encompass包圍，環(huán)繞 include Came to the forefront 來到最前線/變得很重要 became important Hinged on 依賴 depended on Lured 引誘attracted Expendable消費品，可以犧牲的 nonessential Notwithstanding 盡管despite Intricate 錯綜復(fù)雜的complex Random 任意的unpredictable Optimal 最佳的，最理想的best Urged 催促encouraged Carried on 繼續(xù) continued Diverse 不同的varied Ensures確保 guarantees Suitable 合適的，適宜的appropriately Scares 稀有rare Resemble 類似look like Coarse 粗糙的crude Brittle易碎的，脆弱的 easily broken Appreciated賞識，意識到 recognized Merely 僅僅only Emitting 發(fā)出producing Spanning 跨越 cover Pursue 追趕catch Altogether 完全的completely Intensive 集中的，透徹的concentrated Prevailed 流行，盛行dominated Depicted 描述described Foremost 首要的 leading Meteoric流星的，迅速的 rapid Apace with 快速的，急速的as fast as Wider 寬廣的more extensive Thereby 因此，在那方面by that means Unique 唯一的，獨特的singular Rotting 腐爛的decaying Key 關(guān)鍵的important Converted修改 changed Antecedent 先行的的，先輩predecessor Appealing吸引人的 attractive Local 場所place Boosted推進 raised Scope 范圍extent Prolific多產(chǎn)的，豐富的 productive Eager 熱心的，渴望的enthusiastic Engaged使用，雇傭 hire Subsequent后來的 later Sums 總數(shù)amounts Identical同樣的 exactly alike Graphic生動的，鮮明的 vivid Undoubtedly 毫無疑問的certainly Components 組成部分parts Besides 除此之外in addition to Flourished繁榮，昌盛 thrived Grumbled 抱怨，牢騷complained Serve服務(wù)，適合 function Sole 唯一的only Detecting 發(fā)現(xiàn)finding Sedentary久坐的，不活動的 inactive Subjected 受影響的exposed Essence 本質(zhì)，精華basic nature Diverse 不同的different Noted 注意到 observed Emphasize 強調(diào)stress Accessible易接近的，可靠近的available Account for 解釋，說明explain Smooth operation 順利進行 effective functioning Cluster 成群 group Alert 警惕 ware Scurrying 急跑，匆忙走rushing Formidable 艱難地，令人敬畏的difficult Intent 目的，意向 purpose Regardless of 不管，不顧no matter what Marked 顯著地noticeable Confine 限制 restrict Presumably 推測，大概 probably Sustain 支撐，持續(xù) support Insignificant 無關(guān)緊要的unimportant Ultimately 最后，最終 eventually Demise 死亡 death Convert 轉(zhuǎn)變 change Primarily 主要地，根本上 chiefly Prevailing 流行的dominant Undergone 經(jīng)歷 experienced Vast 巨大的 great Precarious 不穩(wěn)定的 uncertain Settled 固定的 stable Chronicle 記載，記錄，編年史 describe Ornate 裝飾的，華麗的 elaborate Derived from 起源 based on Various 不同的，多樣的different Account for 解釋 explain Subjugated 征服 conquered Synonymous with 同義的 equivalent to Excavating 挖掘 digging Agents 動因，代理人 causes Aided 幫助的 helped Estimated 評估 judged Pry off 翹起 remove Littered 雜亂堆滿，亂丟 covered Preserved 保持，保存 protected from destruction Constant 持續(xù)的，一致的 consistent Attained 達到，獲得 achieved Resumed 再繼續(xù)，重新開始 began again Attests to 證明 give evidence of Drab 單調(diào)的 dull Prominent 顯著的，突出的 noticeable Yet 仍，至今 so far Rudimentary 根本的，未發(fā)展的 basic Biting 尖銳的 sharp Heightened 提高，提升 increased Meticulous 小心翼翼的 careful Accumulated 積聚，積累 built up Tantamount to 與……相等的 practically the same as Remarkable 非凡的，顯著的 extraordinary Link 連結(jié)，聯(lián)合 connection Surge 洶涌，激增 sharp increase Unprecedented 空前的，前所未聞的 not seen before Obscure 模糊的，朦朧的 unclear Display 陳列展示 exhibit Load 負荷，重擔 weight Precise 精確的 accurate Exercise 訓(xùn)練，使用 utilize Elicit 得出，引出 bring out Probe 探查 explore Prolific 多產(chǎn)的，豐富的 fruitful Ideal 理想的perfect Standard 標準 customary Strain 疲勞，緊張 stress Accordingly 因此，從而 consequently Teeming with 充滿了，豐富的 full of Resemble 類似，模仿 appear similar to Postulated 假定，假設(shè) suggested Depended 依靠 relied Subscribed 訂閱，贊成 agreed with Stunning 極好的 impressive 感人的，印象深刻的 Spawn 產(chǎn)生，制造 create Partitioning 分割，劃分 division Enhances 增強，提高 increased Transition 轉(zhuǎn)換，過渡 change Ignited 點燃 set on fire Evolution 發(fā)展，演化 development Momentarily 即刻 briefly Depict 描述 represent Advent 出現(xiàn)，到來 arrival Affront 侮辱，冒犯 insult Intriguing 迷人的 fascinating Endless 無止境的 continuous連續(xù)的 Adequate 充分的，足夠的 sufficient Rather than 勝于 instead of 而不是 Forage 覓食 search for food Intermittently 間歇地periodically周期性的 Furnish 供應(yīng)，提供 provide Oscillating 震蕩，搖擺 swinging Ultimately 最終 in the end Compelling 強迫地，又說服力的 forceful Exceptional 異常地，意外地 remarkable 不平常地，顯著地 Enhancement 增加/進 improvement Revitalize 新生 bring new life to Executing 執(zhí)行，制造 producing Allay 減輕，減少 reduce Permeated 彌漫，滲透 spread through Testimony to 證詞/明evidence of Hardiest 堅硬 most vigorous Framework 框架，結(jié)構(gòu) structure Prolonged 延長的extended Encounter 遭遇 meet Fortuitous 偶然的，幸運的lucky Thwarted 阻撓，挫敗 frustrated失敗的，落空的 Scattered 分散的irregularly distributed By virtue of 由于 because of Circumscribed 限制 restricted Indeterminate 不確定的uncertain Enveloped 包圍著 surrounded 環(huán)繞地 Gradually 逐漸地 by degrees At any rate 無論如何 regardless 不管

第五篇：2015年8月22日托?？谡Z真題及答案解析

/tuofukecheng/zhiboke/