第一篇：IE專業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯英漢對(duì)照

as we are now in a global economy with ever-increasing competition,the need for world-class performance cannot be ignored.this need implies,among other things,the continued emergence of world-classquslity,information

systems,ergonomics,and manufacturing systems.it also means that more firms are likely to invest in such ares to reach their strategic objectives.of course,this brings us to a very specific topic,project justification.我們現(xiàn)在在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中日益增加的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，需要世界級(jí)的性能不能被忽略.這需要意味著，除其他外，繼續(xù)出現(xiàn)世界一流的質(zhì)量，信息系統(tǒng)，人機(jī)工程學(xué)，制造系統(tǒng).它也意味著更多的企業(yè)可能會(huì)投資于戰(zhàn)神達(dá)成戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo).當(dāng)然，這給我們帶來(lái)一個(gè)特定的主題，項(xiàng)目的理由。

it may seem trivial to state that an industrial project must be evaluated in order to justify it.however,the kinds of projectsthat are needed today to survive in our competitive environment are quite different from their counterparts 20 or 30 years ago.they differ in terms of their technological content and in terms of their strategic implications for the firm.whereas yesterday we were dealing with single machine replacement problems, we are now confronted with overall systems, programs, and processes.一個(gè)工業(yè)項(xiàng)目，必須進(jìn)行評(píng)估，以證明它，它可能看起來(lái)微不足道的狀態(tài)。然而，projectsthat的各種需要，今天在我們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境中生存是相當(dāng)不同的同行20年或30年前。他們不同，其技術(shù)含量方面，他們?yōu)楣镜膽?zhàn)略意義。而昨天，我們單臺(tái)機(jī)器更換問(wèn)題打交道，我們現(xiàn)在面臨著整體的系統(tǒng)，程序和流程。

the consequence of such complexity is that the traditional investment justification process fails to measure the proper value of projects such as computer-integrated manufacturing systems, information systems, and even ergonomics projects.it is well known thatsuch a failure may result in wrong decisions.poor investment justification processes may lead to poor decision making with respect to today's projects: good projects might be rejected,and bad ones might be accepted.this seems to be the fate of several new technologies(including industrial ergonomics)that are not implemented because their prospective return is not satisfactory.among the causes of such poor rating is the inability to properly estimate the benefits and costs of today's proposal.如此復(fù)雜的后果是，傳統(tǒng)的投資理由進(jìn)程失敗來(lái)衡量，如計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造系統(tǒng)，信息系統(tǒng)，甚至人體工程學(xué)項(xiàng)目的項(xiàng)目應(yīng)有的價(jià)值。這是眾所周知的，這樣的故障可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤的決策。窮人的投資理由進(jìn)程可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致窮人的決策：今天的項(xiàng)目好的項(xiàng)目可能會(huì)被拒絕的決定，并接受壞的可能。這似乎是不落實(shí)的幾項(xiàng)新技術(shù)（包括工業(yè)工效）的命運(yùn)，因?yàn)樗麄兊念A(yù)期收益不理想。在這種惡劣的評(píng)級(jí)的原因是無(wú)法正確估計(jì)今天的建議的好處和成本。

as a result, management must resort to the “l(fā)eap of faith” approach to justify new systems that are intuitively sound from a strategic point of view but that are not convincing economically.from such considerations it may seem that firms don't have any other choices other than to spent their capital, whatever the cost, and go ahead with implementing the resulting changs that come with these projects.such a strategy would be dangerous.因此，管理層必須訴諸“信仰的飛躍”的方式來(lái)證明新系統(tǒng)，直觀的聲音從戰(zhàn)略的角度來(lái)看，是沒(méi)有說(shuō)服力的經(jīng)濟(jì)。從這樣的考慮，它可能看起來(lái)公司做沒(méi)有任何其他選擇來(lái)度過(guò)他們的資本以外，不惜一切代價(jià)，造成張家來(lái)，隨著這些項(xiàng)目的實(shí)施提前。這樣的戰(zhàn)略將是危險(xiǎn)的的。

if it is true that firms that do not invest in strategic projects due to poor investment analyses may be in a serious predicament in the future, it also would be risky for them to systematically go ahead with such projects when their rate of return is not acceptable.it may also be true that under certain conditions strategic projects may not be the right thing to do.after all, investments such as information technology or computer-integrated manufacturing systems are only as good as their contributions to the overall strategy of the firm.如果這是真的，不投資，由于投資分析差的戰(zhàn)略性項(xiàng)目的公司可能會(huì)在今后一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的困境，也將他們系統(tǒng)等項(xiàng)目提前當(dāng)他們的回報(bào)率是不能接受的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。它也可能是真實(shí)的，在一定條件下的戰(zhàn)略的項(xiàng)目未必是正確的事情。畢竟，如信息技術(shù)或計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造系統(tǒng)的投資只作為公司的整體戰(zhàn)略的貢獻(xiàn)。

engineeringeconomics

工程經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)

the role of engineeringeconomics is to correctly assess the appropriateness of a given project, estimate its value, and justify it from an economic standpoint.if projects are not acceptable, then the evaluation process that has been used to reach this conclusion should also explain their poor returns.that same process should also indicate ways to improve the investment proposal to make it more attractive to management.工程經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的作用，正確評(píng)估某一項(xiàng)目是否恰當(dāng)，估計(jì)其價(jià)值，并證明它從經(jīng)濟(jì)的角度來(lái)看。如果項(xiàng)目是不能接受的，那么，評(píng)估過(guò)程中已得出這一結(jié)論也應(yīng)該解釋他們的低回報(bào)。相同的過(guò)程也應(yīng)說(shuō)明改善投資建議，使其更具吸引力，管理的方式。

engineeringeconomy has been part of engineers' training(and of IE curricula, of course)for a long time.historically, it was used for projects that had only operational implications for the firm.however, as noted above, today's projects may have strategic implication as well.as a consequence, engineeringeconomy is likely to be important for both engineers and management.工程經(jīng)濟(jì)已工程師培訓(xùn)的一部分（IE的課程，當(dāng)然），很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間。從歷史上看，它是用于項(xiàng)目，只為公司的業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)的影響。然而，如上所述，以及今天的項(xiàng)目可能具有戰(zhàn)略意義。因此，工程經(jīng)濟(jì)可能是工程師和管理的重要。

however, engineeringeconomy can not do it alone.it must be part of a precess that includes not only engineers but management accountants;marking, quality, and health and safety specialists;and others within the firm.such a process should foster interdisciplinary thinking, not unlike parallel or concurrent engineering used in product design.然而，工程經(jīng)濟(jì)不能做到這一點(diǎn)的孤獨(dú)。它必須是一個(gè)進(jìn)動(dòng)的一部分，它不僅包括工程師，但管理會(huì)計(jì)師;標(biāo)識(shí)，質(zhì)量，以及健康和安全專家，和其他人在公司內(nèi)。這樣一個(gè)過(guò)程，促進(jìn)跨學(xué)科的思維，而不是不像在產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)上采用并行或并行工程。

at this point it is certainly worthwhile to emphasize the role ofIEs in this process.as

industrial engineers are trained in both technology and engineering economy, they are able to bridge the gap between mechanical,electrical, and computer engineering and ergonomics, on the one hand, and management accounting on the other.highly qualified engineers designing equipment for flexible manufacturing systems(FMS)or information systems, while awere of the technology with which they are dealing, are not necessarily trained to translate technological characteristics into economic and strategic terms.在這一點(diǎn)上，它肯定是值得強(qiáng)調(diào)的IE的在這個(gè)過(guò)程中的作用。作為工業(yè)的工程師們?cè)诩夹g(shù)和工程經(jīng)濟(jì)訓(xùn)練，他們能夠彌補(bǔ)的機(jī)械，電氣，和計(jì)算機(jī)工程和人體工程學(xué)之間的差距，一方面，和其他管理會(huì)計(jì)。高素質(zhì)的工程師設(shè)計(jì)的柔性制造系統(tǒng)（FMS）或信息系統(tǒng)的設(shè)備，而他們正在處理的技術(shù)與阿韋雷，不一定是培訓(xùn)轉(zhuǎn)化成經(jīng)濟(jì)和戰(zhàn)略方面的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)。

at the other end of the spectrum, management accountants may be well aware of the business needs, strategic aims, and their organization's financial position, but cannot understand the capabilities of new technologies.not surprisingly, communication barriers occer.industrial engineering's main contribution to the economy comes into the picture.the background of IEs in engineering economy provides them with cost models that link technology with the economics of accounting(figure 1).在光譜的另一端，管理會(huì)計(jì)師可能深知企業(yè)的需求，戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)，和他們組織的財(cái)務(wù)狀況，但無(wú)法理解新技術(shù)的能力。這并不奇怪，溝通障礙occer。工程的主要工業(yè)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的貢獻(xiàn)涉及到的圖片。工程經(jīng)濟(jì)背景的IE的提供他們與成本模型（圖1）會(huì)計(jì)核算的經(jīng)濟(jì)鏈接技術(shù)。

As the industrial environment has changed drastically, engineering economy has evolved accordingly.Indeed, its aim is not only to compute net present values(NPVs)or internal rates of return(IRRs), but also to design cost models and evaluation processes that can be used within decision support systems for a variety of technological projects.隨著工業(yè)的環(huán)境已經(jīng)大大改變，工程經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。事實(shí)上，其目的是不僅要計(jì)算凈現(xiàn)值（凈現(xiàn)值）或內(nèi)部收益率（內(nèi)部收益率），而且還設(shè)計(jì)可以用于決策支持系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的各種科技項(xiàng)目的成本模型和評(píng)估過(guò)程。

Armed with economic models tailored to specific technologies, industrial engineers are able to measure, for instance, the cost of flexibility and, in turn, help integrate this figure in accounting cost systems and financial justification models.By including engineering economy in the justification process, firms are therefore better equipped for solving complex justification problems that involve technical and financial specialists working together in an interdisciplinary group.有了針對(duì)特定技術(shù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式，工業(yè)工程師能夠測(cè)量，例如，成本和靈活性，反過(guò)來(lái)，幫助整合這種成本會(huì)計(jì)制度和財(cái)務(wù)理由模型圖。包括工程經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)整過(guò)程中，因此企業(yè)更好地解決復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題，涉及的理由的金融和技術(shù)專家一起工作，在一個(gè)多學(xué)科小組。

Such a successful group is likely to shed light on such questions as: What is the rate of return of ergonomics? What is the payback of a six-sigma program? What are the benefits of this new information technology? What is the value of flexibility associated with this FMS? It is unreasonable to think that one person would be able to answer such difficult questions satisfactorily.The need for a project evaluation group thus seems more appropriate in the face of the competitive environment within which firms must compete, on the one hand, and the complexity of the projects involved, on the other.這樣一個(gè)成功的團(tuán)隊(duì)很可能作為闡明這些問(wèn)題：什么是人體工程學(xué)的回報(bào)率？一個(gè)六西格瑪項(xiàng)目的回報(bào)是什么呢？這種新的信息技術(shù)有什么好處？什么是FMS與此相關(guān)聯(lián)的靈活性的價(jià)值？這是不合理的，認(rèn)為一個(gè)人會(huì)能夠圓滿回答這些困難的問(wèn)題。項(xiàng)目評(píng)估組的需要，從而在面對(duì)內(nèi)，企業(yè)必須競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，一方面，涉及的項(xiàng)目，另一方面，復(fù)雜的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境似乎更為合適。

Such a concept is certainly compatible with open accounting, which is implemented by firms and aimed at sharing financial information inside the organization.There is another practical advantage of starting a group that has diversity: the persons involved agree to have a unified vision of costs and benefits related to a new technology(if they want to work effectively).Lack of agreement on the nature of costs and benefits may lead to controversies over the project and failure of the justification effort.這種觀念當(dāng)然是兼容開(kāi)放會(huì)計(jì)，這是由企業(yè)和實(shí)施旨在分享組織內(nèi)部的財(cái)務(wù)信息。還有另一種開(kāi)始一組具有多樣性的實(shí)際優(yōu)勢(shì)：有關(guān)人士同意有一個(gè)涉及到一個(gè)新的技術(shù)（如果他們想有效地開(kāi)展工作）的成本和利益的一致看法。缺乏對(duì)成本和收益的性質(zhì)的協(xié)議，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)項(xiàng)目和失敗的理由努力的爭(zhēng)議。

A project evaluation group, like any group or task force in the firm, should follow a process.In a way, economic justification itself is a process.This may not be obvious, but to evaluate a project, especially one of those proposed today, a great deal of analysis must be done.The justification process can be defined in terms of steps as illustrated in Figure 2.項(xiàng)目評(píng)估組，如任何團(tuán)體或公司專案組，應(yīng)遵循一個(gè)過(guò)程。在某種程度上，經(jīng)濟(jì)上的理由本

身是一個(gè)過(guò)程。這可能不是很明顯，但評(píng)估一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，尤其是那些今天提出的，必須做大量的分析。可以定義的理由，在步驟上，如圖2所示。

Figure 2（圖2）

Steps in the evaluation process

An important advantage of such a process is that the overall evaluation problem is divided into smaller subproblems that can be tackled more easily.Moreover, this process is able to give a sense of direction to engineering economy analysts and to nonspecialists who are confronted with justifying their proposals and have nowhere to start.Such a process is needed for the kinds of projects that are found in today's proposals(e.g.new manufacturing technologies, new computer/information systems, total quality programs, and ergonomics projects).理想的情況下，圖2中的所有步驟應(yīng)執(zhí)行;但是，根據(jù)具體情況，其中一些步驟可能需要更多或更少的努力。但隱或任何理由的程序明確的是，成本和收益的性質(zhì)確定的事實(shí)。然后，他們的行為是在這種或那種方式（工程經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，成本估計(jì)，和傳統(tǒng)的管理會(huì)計(jì)師都使用一些成本模型）為藍(lán)本。之后，被分配到特定的成本對(duì)象，如生產(chǎn)/組裝線，部門(mén)，工作站或產(chǎn)品成本。然后，由項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)生的未來(lái)收益的估計(jì)。該項(xiàng)目的評(píng)估是在短期和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的角度而言，隨著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析（應(yīng)該做的，如果可能的話）。

lly, all of the steps in Figure 2 should be performed;however, depending on the specific situation, some of these steps may require more or less effort.But implicit or explicit in any justification procedure is the fact that the nature of costs and benefits be identified.Then their behavior is modeled in one way or another(engineering economists, cost estimators, and traditional and management accountants all use some cost models).Afterward, costs are allocated to specific cost objects such as a production/assembly line, department, workstation, or product.Then, an estimate of future benefits resulting from the project is performed.The evaluation of the project is done in terms of both short-and long-term standpoints along with a risk analysis(which should be done, if possible).在評(píng)估過(guò)程中的步驟

這樣一個(gè)過(guò)程的一個(gè)重要的優(yōu)勢(shì)是整體評(píng)價(jià)的問(wèn)題是劃分成更小的子可以更容易地處理。此外，這個(gè)過(guò)程是能夠提供一種方向感，工程經(jīng)濟(jì)分析和證明他們的建議，面對(duì)非專業(yè)和無(wú)處開(kāi)始。這樣一個(gè)過(guò)程是，在今天的建議（如新的制造技術(shù)，新的計(jì)算機(jī)/信息系統(tǒng)，全面質(zhì)量計(jì)劃，和人體工程學(xué)項(xiàng)目）的項(xiàng)目的各種需要。

第二篇：中醫(yī)英語(yǔ)翻譯常用詞匯英漢對(duì)照03

中草藥 Chinese medicinal herbs

炮制 processing

四氣五味 four properties and five tastes

清除雜質(zhì) eliminating impurity

入藥部分 the part used for medical purpose

作用和緩 mild effect

藥物采集 collection of herbs

發(fā)散解表 relieving exterior syndrome by dispersion

收斂 astringency

方劑學(xué) science of prescriptions

軟堅(jiān)散結(jié) softening hardness to dissipate stagnation

配伍關(guān)系 compatibility

燥濕健脾 drying dampness and strengthening the spleen

組成規(guī)律 prescription-formulating principle

升降沉浮 ascending, descending, sinking and floating

方劑的加減 modification of prescriptions

歸經(jīng) meridian tropism

劑型和劑量 drug form and dosage

用藥禁忌 contraindication in using herbs

君臣佐使 monarch, minister, assistant and guide

藥物用量 dosage

藥物毒性 toxicity of medicinal herbs

辛溫解表藥 relieving exterior syndrome with herbs pungent in taste and warm in nature

十八反與十九畏 eighteen incompatible herbs and nineteen herbs of mutual antagonism

袪風(fēng)濕藥 herbs for expelling wind and dampness

調(diào)和諸藥 moderating the property of herbs

胸痛徹背 thoracic pain involving the back

溫經(jīng)散寒 warming meridians to dissipate cold

清熱涼血藥 herbs for clearing away heat and cooling blood

宣肺平喘 disperse lung qi to stop asthma

引經(jīng)報(bào)使 guiding action

靈活化裁 flexible modification

針灸療法 acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, acumox

清散郁熱 clearing away and dispersing stagnant heat

針刺補(bǔ)瀉 reinforcing and reducing techniques for needling

隨癥加減 modification according to symptoms

針刺手法 needling techniques, manipulation

藥物飲片 processed herbs

進(jìn)針手法 methods for inserting the needle

內(nèi)服散劑 powder for oral taking

針刺止痛 alleviating pain with acupuncture

外用膏劑 medicinal extract for exterior application

針刺麻醉 acupuncture anesthesia, acu-anesthesia

開(kāi)水沖服 mixing in boiled water for oral taking

針感 needling sensation

濃縮浸膏 condensed extract

皮內(nèi)針 intradermal needle

耳針療法 ear acupuncture treatment

針刺的角度與深度 angle and depth of needling

提插捻轉(zhuǎn) lifting, thrusting, swirling and rotating

雙手進(jìn)針?lè)?insertion of needle with double hands

水針療法 hydro-acupuncture therapy

行針 manipulating the needle

頭針療法 scalp-acupuncture therapy

化膿灸 blistering moxibustion

推拿手法 manipulations for tuina, manipulating techniques

瘢痕灸 scarring moxibustion

減輕疼痛 alleviating pain

艾炷灸 moxibustion with moxa cone

功法訓(xùn)練 exercise for practicing tuina

燈火灸 lamp moxibustion

放松肌肉 relaxing muscles

溫針灸 warm needling method

解除肌肉緊張 relieving muscular tension

一指禪推法 pushing manipulation with one finger

活動(dòng)受限 confined activity

點(diǎn)按法 point-pressing manipulation

關(guān)節(jié)脫位 dislocation of joint

大魚(yú)際揉法 kneading manipulation with the large thenar醫(yī).學(xué)全.在.線網(wǎng)站

腰椎間盤(pán)突出 protrusion of lumbar vertebral disc

交替搓揉 alternative rubbing and kneading

旋轉(zhuǎn)復(fù)位 rotating reduction

腰肌勞損 injury of lumbar muscles

軟組織損傷 injury of soft tissues

解除痙攣 relieving spasm

關(guān)節(jié)粘連僵硬 adhesion and stiffness of joint

外感發(fā)熱 exogenous fever

滑利關(guān)節(jié) lubricating joint

脈象浮緊 floating and tense pulse

手法補(bǔ)瀉 reinforcing and reducing manipulations

寒邪束表 pathogenic cold hampering the exterior

拇指平推法 horizontal pushing with the thumb

邪熱入里 interior invasion of pathogenic heat

午后潮熱 afternoon tidal fever

四肢厥冷 cold limbs

熱擾神明 heat disturbing mind

陽(yáng)氣不振 inactivation of yang-qi

形體消瘦 emaciation

少氣懶言 lack of qi and no desire to speak

祛痰止咳藥 herbs for eliminating phlegm and stopping cough

該文章轉(zhuǎn)載自醫(yī)學(xué)全在線：http:///yingyu/2008/23230.shtml

第三篇：英漢對(duì)照

autozero

自穩(wěn)零 ： 自動(dòng)歸零模式

application [,?pli'kei??n]

n.應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用程序；敷用

time drive

時(shí)間驅(qū)動(dòng)

scan [sk?n]

n.掃描；瀏覽；審視；細(xì)看

conc

n.濃度；adj.濃縮的（等于concentrated）

inst

安裝；設(shè)置；

autosave ['?:t?useiv]

v.自動(dòng)保存

Sample info

樣品信息 ；采樣信息

identity [ai'dent?ti]

n.身份；特性；代號(hào)

ordinate ['?:din?t,-neit]

n.縱座標(biāo)；[數(shù)]縱線

baseline correction

基線校正

curve [k?:v]

n.曲線；曲線圖表；曲線擬合；曲線類型

intercept [,int?'sept]

vt.攔截；截?cái)?；竊聽(tīng)n.攔截；[數(shù)]截距；

number of revolution

[機(jī)] 旋轉(zhuǎn)次數(shù)；轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)；重復(fù)測(cè)定次數(shù)

response [ri'sp?ns]

n.響應(yīng)；反應(yīng)；回答

use exipedition calibration

利用已存的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線

enter calibration edit

修改、校準(zhǔn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線

recalibration[ri'k?li'bre??n]

n.[儀] 再校準(zhǔn)；重新校準(zhǔn)已存標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線

output ['autput, ,aut'put]

n.輸出，輸出量；產(chǎn)量；出產(chǎn)

number of samples to average

樣本數(shù)取平均數(shù)

replace [ri'pleis]

vt.取代，代替；替換，更換；

delete [di'li:t]

vt.刪除

第四篇：新聞傳播學(xué)專業(yè)詞匯英漢對(duì)照

新聞傳播學(xué)專業(yè)詞匯英漢對(duì)照(之一【新聞學(xué)】)II.報(bào)紙版面各部分名稱

1.報(bào)耳（ear）2.報(bào)頭（flag/masterhead/nameplate）

3.標(biāo)題（headline）4.版口（head margin）

5.當(dāng)日新聞提要（index）6.插圖（cut）

7.圖片說(shuō)明（cutline）8.標(biāo)題之一行（deck）

9.署名（by-line）10.新聞導(dǎo)言（lead）

11.引題（kicker）12.頭版（frontpage）III 報(bào)紙常見(jiàn)欄目名稱

一、常見(jiàn)新聞欄目

1.City / Local / City Edition/ City Page/ Region 城市

2.National/ Around The Nation/ Domestic/ Home News 國(guó)內(nèi)新聞

3.International / Global 國(guó)際新聞

4.Brief / In Brief / Briefing / Bulletin 摘要

5.Recap 簡(jiǎn)明新聞

6.Pony Report 每日新聞?wù)?/p>

7.Newsline 新聞經(jīng)緯

8.Events And Trends 事件 / 動(dòng)向

9.Exclusive 獨(dú)家報(bào)道

10.Expose 新聞曝光

11.Issue In The News/ Focus/ Hot News 新聞熱點(diǎn)

12.Update / Latest News 最新報(bào)道

13.Feature / News Features / General Features 特寫(xiě)（可囊括除新聞以外的一切報(bào)道）

14.Commentary / Editorial / Opinion / Column / Letters To The Editors 評(píng)論

15.Advertisement: Display Advertising / Classified Advertising---(Jobs/Auto/Real Estate/ For Sale/ Help Wanted)廣告

二、常見(jiàn)其他欄目名稱

1.agony column 答讀者問(wèn)專欄 2.anecdote 趣聞?shì)W事

3.candid camera 抓拍鏡頭4.caricature漫畫(huà)、諷刺畫(huà)

5.cartoon漫畫(huà)6.chitchat column 閑話欄

7.comic strip 連環(huán)漫畫(huà)8.continued story 連載故事

9.correspondence column 讀者來(lái)信 10.critique 評(píng)論

11.crossword 猜字游戲/縱橫填字字謎12.digest 文摘

13.document 文件摘 14.editor’s note 編者按

15.essay雜文、隨筆、小品文16.going out guide 旅游指南

17.gossip 社會(huì)新聞18.how-to-stories 常識(shí)指導(dǎo)

19.interview 訪談錄20.leader社論

21.light literature 通俗文學(xué)22.mini-torial 短評(píng)

23.note 隨筆24.notice 啟事

25.obit 訃告26.pegging 新聞背景

27.personal / personal column 私人廣告/ 人事要聞

28.profile 人物專訪29.readers’ forum 讀者論壇

30.review 評(píng)論31.round-up綜合報(bào)道/綜述

32.running story/ serials 連載故事 33.shirttail 社論欄/ 附注

34.side story / sidebar / sidelight 花絮新聞/趣聞

35.situations vacant / situations wanted 招聘廣告

36.sponsored section特約專版

37.squib小品文/隨筆 38.strip cartoon / strip 連環(huán)漫畫(huà)/連環(huán)畫(huà)

39.Supplement 增刊 40.Think piece 時(shí)事短評(píng)

41.Titbit 花絮 42.Travelogue/ travels游記

43.What’s on 影視指南44.Wise saying 至理名言

IV.常見(jiàn)報(bào)紙類型

1.daily 日?qǐng)?bào) 2.morning edition 晨報(bào)

3.evening edition 晚報(bào)4.quality paper 高級(jí)報(bào)紙

5.popular paper 大眾報(bào)紙6.evening paper 晚報(bào)

7.government organ 官報(bào)8.part organ 黨報(bào)

9.trade paper 商界報(bào)紙10.Chinese paper 中文報(bào)紙

11.English newspaper 英文報(bào)紙 12.vernacular paper 本國(guó)文報(bào)紙

13.political news 政治報(bào)紙14.Newspaper Week 新聞周刊

V.各類記者名稱

accredited journalist n.特派記者publisher 發(fā)行人 proprieter 社長(zhǎng)bureau chief, copy chief 總編輯 editor-in-chief 總主筆editor 編輯, 主筆 newsman, newspaperman, journalist 新聞?dòng)浾?cub reporter 初任記者reporter 采訪記者 war correspondent, campaign badge 隨軍記者

columnist 專欄記者star reporter 一流通訊員 correspondent 通訊員special correspondent 特派員 contributor 投稿家

VI 其他

bulldog edition 晨版article 記事

banner headline 頭號(hào)大標(biāo)題big news 頭條新聞 hot news 最新新聞feature 特寫(xiě),花絮 criticism 評(píng)論editorial 社論

review, comment 時(shí)評(píng)book review 書(shū)評(píng) topicality 時(shí)事問(wèn)題city news 社會(huì)新聞

general news column 一般消息欄public notice 公告 calssified ad 分類廣告flash-news 大新聞 extra 號(hào)外

the sports page 運(yùn)動(dòng)欄 literary criticism 文藝評(píng)論 Sunday features 周日特刊 newsbeat 記者采訪地區(qū) news blackout 新聞管制 press ban 禁止刊行 yellow sheet 低俗新聞 tabloid 圖片版新聞 “Braille” edition 點(diǎn)字版 newspaper office 報(bào)社

news source 新聞來(lái)源 informed sources 消息來(lái)源 attribution n.消息出處，消息來(lái)源 newspaper campaign 新聞戰(zhàn) free-lancer writer 自由招待會(huì) press box 記者席

news conference,press conference 記者招待會(huì) International Press Association 國(guó)際新聞協(xié)會(huì)

distribution 發(fā)行 circulation 發(fā)行份數(shù) newsstand, kiosk 報(bào)攤 newspaper agency 報(bào)紙代售處 newsboy 報(bào)童

subscription(rate)報(bào)費(fèi) newsprint 新聞?dòng)眉?Fleet Street 艦隊(duì)街

advance n．預(yù)發(fā)消息；預(yù)寫(xiě)消息 affair n．桃色新聞；緋聞 assignment n．采寫(xiě)任務(wù) back alley news n.小道消息 backgrounding n．新聞背景

Bad news travels quickly.壞事傳千里。banner n．通欄標(biāo)題 beat n．采寫(xiě)范圍 blank vt.“開(kāi)天窗” body n.新聞?wù)?boil vt．壓縮(篇幅)box n.花邊新聞 brief n.簡(jiǎn)訊 bulletin n．新聞簡(jiǎn)報(bào) caption n．圖片說(shuō)明 carry vt．刊登

censor vt.審查(新聞稿件)，新聞審查 chart n．每周流行音樂(lè)排行版 clipping n．剪報(bào) column n．專欄；欄目 columnist n．專欄作家

continued story 連載故事;連載小說(shuō) contributing editor 特約編輯

contribution n．(投給報(bào)刊的)稿件;投稿 contributor n．投稿人

copy desk n．新聞編輯部 copy editor n．文字編輯 correction n．更正(啟事)correspondence column讀者來(lái)信專欄 correspondent n.駐外記者；常駐外埠記者 cover vt．采訪;采寫(xiě) cover girl n.封面女郎

covert coverage 隱性采訪;秘密采訪 crop vt．剪輯(圖片)crusade n．宣傳攻勢(shì) cut n．插圖 vt．刪減(字?jǐn)?shù))cut line n．插圖說(shuō)明 daily n．日?qǐng)?bào) dateline n．新聞電頭 deadline n．截稿時(shí)間

dig vt．深入采訪；追蹤(新聞線索)；“挖”(新聞)digest n．文摘 editorial n．社論 editorial office 編輯部 editor's notes 編者按 extra n．號(hào)外

eye-account n．目擊記;記者見(jiàn)聞 faxed photo 傳真照片 feature n．特寫(xiě)；專稿 feedback n．信息反饋 file n．發(fā)送消息；發(fā)稿 filler n．補(bǔ)白

First Amendment(美國(guó)憲法)第一修正案(內(nèi)容有關(guān)新聞、出版自由等)five “W's” of news 新聞五要素 flag n．報(bào)頭;報(bào)名

folo(=follow-up)n．連續(xù)報(bào)道

Fourth Estate 第四等級(jí)(新聞界的別稱)freedom of the Press 新聞自由 free-lancer n．自由撰稿人

full position 醒目位置

Good news comes on crutches.好事不出門(mén)。grapevine n．小道消息 gutter n．中縫

hard news 硬新聞;純消息 headline n．新聞標(biāo)題；內(nèi)容提要 hearsay n．小道消息 highlights n.要聞 hot news 熱點(diǎn)新聞 human interest 人情味 in-depth reporting 深度報(bào)道 insert n.& vt．插補(bǔ)段落;插稿 interpretative reporting 解釋性報(bào)道 invasion of privacy 侵犯隱私(權(quán))

inverted pyramid 倒金字塔(寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu))investigative reporting 調(diào)查性報(bào)道 journalism n．新聞業(yè);新聞學(xué)

Journalism is literature in a hurry 新聞是急就文學(xué)． journalist n．新聞?dòng)浾?kill vt．退棄(稿件)；槍斃(稿件)layout n．版面編排；版面設(shè)計(jì) lead n．導(dǎo)語(yǔ) libel n.誹謗(罪)makeup n.版面設(shè)計(jì)

man of the year 新聞人物，風(fēng)云人物 mass communication 大眾傳播(學(xué))mass media 大眾傳播媒介 master head n．報(bào)頭;報(bào)名 media n.媒介，媒體

Mere report is not enough to go upon．僅是傳聞不足為憑． morgue n．報(bào)刊資料室 news agency 通訊社

news clue 新聞線索

news peg 新聞線索，新聞電頭 newsprint n．新聞

No news is good news．沒(méi)有消息就是好消息；不聞兇訊便是吉。nose for news 新聞敏感 objectivity n．客觀性 off the record 不宜公開(kāi)報(bào)道 opinion poll 民意瀏驗(yàn) periodical n．期刊 pipeline n．匿名消息來(lái)源

popular paper 大眾化報(bào)紙；通俗報(bào)紙 press n．報(bào)界；新聞界

press conference 新聞發(fā)布會(huì);記者招待臺(tái) press law 新聞法

press release 新聞公告;新聞簡(jiǎn)報(bào) PR man 公關(guān)先生

proofreader n．校對(duì)員 pseudo event 假新聞

quality paper 高級(jí)報(bào)紙；嚴(yán)肅報(bào)紙 quarterly n．季刊 readability n．可讀性 reader's interest 讀者興越 reject vt．退棄(稿件)remuneration n.稿費(fèi);稿酬 rewrite vt.改寫(xiě)(稿件)，改稿 round-up n．綜合消息 scandal n．丑聞

scoop vt.“搶”(新聞)n．獨(dú)家新聞

sensational a．聳人聽(tīng)聞的；具有轟動(dòng)效應(yīng)的 sex scandal 桃色新聞 sidebar n．花絮新聞 slant n．主觀報(bào)道；片面報(bào)道 slink ink “爬格子”

soft news 軟新聞

source n．新聞來(lái)源；消息靈通人士 spike vt．退棄(稿件)；“槍斃”(稿件)stone vt．拼版

story n．消息;稿件;文章 stringer n．特約記者;通訊員 subhead n．小標(biāo)題；副標(biāo)題 supplement n．號(hào)外;副刊;增刊 suspended interest 懸念 thumbnail n．“豆腐干”(文章)timeliness n．時(shí)效性;時(shí)新性 tip n．內(nèi)幕新聞；秘密消息 trim n.刪改(稿件)update n．更新(新聞內(nèi)容)，增強(qiáng)(時(shí)效性)watchdog n.&vt.輿論監(jiān)督 weekly n．周報(bào)

freedom of press 新聞自由 secretive interviewing 隱性采訪 news value新聞價(jià)值

第五篇：ARCGIS英漢對(duì)照

詞匯索引（英漢對(duì)照）

A Absolute X,Y

X,Y的絕對(duì)坐標(biāo) Abstract

抽象，抽象類 Access

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件

Activate

激活，使數(shù)據(jù)框架進(jìn)入操作狀態(tài) Alias

字段假名 Aligned，alignment

字符注記對(duì)齊

Allocation

空間配置，臨近分配 Animation

Annotation

Application

Attribute

Attribute table

Background

Band

Barrier

Basic tool bar

BMP

Border

Brightness

Buffer

Buffer zone

CAD feature dataset

Callout

Catalog

Categories

Cell

Cell size

Charts

Class

Classification

Clip

Coclass

Closest facility

Cluster tolerance

動(dòng)畫(huà)

地圖注記、注記要素 應(yīng)用，應(yīng)用單元 屬性

屬性表 B

地圖顯示、制圖的背景

影像波段

網(wǎng)絡(luò)障礙

基本工具條

一種通用的圖像數(shù)據(jù)格式

地圖外框線、圖廓線

圖像顯示亮度 臨近、緩沖

臨近區(qū)、緩沖區(qū)

C

CAD數(shù)據(jù)集

引線式注記

ArcCatalog的目錄表、目錄窗口

定性分類

柵格單元

柵格單元大小

統(tǒng)計(jì)圖（同Graph）

類

分類

裁剪，一種疊合處理方式

visual basic 的組件類

最近設(shè)施

線簇容差

詞匯索引（英漢對(duì)照）

Edge match

地圖接邊 Element

圖形元素 Elevation

高程 End

端點(diǎn) End node

線的終點(diǎn) Endpoint

同End node Equal interval

等間距分類 Extend

線要素延伸 Extent(s)

數(shù)據(jù)的空間范圍

Extensions

擴(kuò)展、軟件的擴(kuò)展模塊

F Facility

設(shè)施

Feature

要素、地理要素 Feature attribute table

要素屬性表 Feature class

要素類

Feature dataset

要素?cái)?shù)據(jù)集 Field

屬性表的字段 Fill symbol

填充符號(hào) Fillet

加圓角

From end

網(wǎng)絡(luò)線段的起點(diǎn)、端點(diǎn)

G Geodatabase

地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) Geographic coordinate system 地理坐標(biāo)系

Geometric network

幾何網(wǎng)絡(luò)用于市政公用設(shè)施的網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)模型 Geoprocessing

地理處理、空間處理 Gradient fill symbol

漸變填充符號(hào) Graduated color

顏色漸變圖 Graduated symbols

符號(hào)漸變圖 Graph

統(tǒng)計(jì)圖 Graphic

圖形 Graphic element

圖形元素 Graphic text

圖形注記 Grid

格網(wǎng)

H Histogram

直方圖（常用于影像分類）

詞匯索引（英漢對(duì)照）

Marker symbol

點(diǎn)要素符號(hào) Map document

地圖文檔 Map elements

地圖制圖元素 Map template

地圖制圖模板 Map topology

地圖拓?fù)?Map units

地圖單位

Match to symbol in a style 匹配某個(gè)格式文件中的符號(hào) Merge

要素合并 Metadata

元要素

Multi band

多波段影像

Multi-part feature

組合要素，一個(gè)要素有多部分合并而成 Multiple attributes

多重屬性

N Natural breaks

自然區(qū)分類

Neatline

圖廓線、圖框線、地圖分割線 Network

網(wǎng)絡(luò)

Network dataset

網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)集

No data

無(wú)值的柵格單元 Nodata

同No data Normalization

歸一化 North arrow

指北針

O Overlay

疊合、疊置 Overshoot

過(guò)長(zhǎng)

OMDs(object model diagrams)對(duì)象模型圖

OLE(object linking and embedding)對(duì)象連接和嵌入 Oneway

交通單向行駛

P Pan

圖形平移

Path

基于柵格的路徑 Parallel

平行 Perpendicular

垂線

Personal Geodatabase

個(gè)人地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) Picture

圖片

Pixel

像元、像素

詞匯索引（英漢對(duì)照）

S Scale

地圖比例

要素縮放 Scale bar

比例尺、圖形比例尺 Scale range

比例范圍

Scale text

比例說(shuō)明、文字型比例尺 SDE(spatial database engine)

空間數(shù)據(jù)引擎 Segment

線要素的某一段 Select

選擇

Selectable layer

Selected feature

Selected layer

Selection

Service area

Shape

Shapefile

Shortest path

Sketch

Slope

Snap，snapping

Spatial adjustment

Spatial join

Spatial reference

Split

Standard tool bar

Start node

Start point

Stop

Stretch

Style

Surface

Summarize

Symbol

Symbology

Symbol property editor

Table

Table of contents

Target(layer)

Template

Thiessen(polygon)

可選要素的圖層

被選要素、入選要素

被選圖層

選擇、選擇集

基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的服務(wù)區(qū) 要素的幾何類型 一種空間數(shù)據(jù)格式

（基于柵格的）最短路徑、最佳路徑

任意線 坡度

捕捉

空間校正

空間連接

空間參照

線要素打斷，插入結(jié)點(diǎn) 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工具條

線要素的起點(diǎn)、起結(jié)點(diǎn)

文字注記的起始點(diǎn)

（網(wǎng)絡(luò)）?？空?/p>

拉伸，調(diào)整影像的顯示灰度、顏色

地圖符號(hào)式樣

地面、地表

匯總統(tǒng)計(jì)

符號(hào)

符號(hào)規(guī)則，用于控制要素顯示符號(hào)的對(duì)話框

符號(hào)特征編輯器 T

表、屬性表

操作界面中的目錄表

編輯的目標(biāo)圖層

模板、制圖模板

泰森多邊形

詞匯索引（英漢對(duì)照）

Z Zoom

圖形縮放 Zoom in

圖形放大 Zoom out

圖形縮小