第一篇：It is +adj. +動詞不定式的用法
It is +adj.+動詞不定式的用法
-----------I.It is + adj.+ to do something結(jié)構(gòu)
句中it是形式主語，真正主語是動詞不定式to do something。因此也可以表達為to do something + is +adj.。
e.g.It is amazing to drive past fields which seem to go on forever or whole hills covered with neat rows of grapevines。
本句形式主語為it。真正主語to drive…grapevines移到了句子后部，使句子變得平穩(wěn)，不致主語太長。如果把真正主語放在前面，那么整個句子就顯得頭重腳輕。因此，就用it作為先行主語。
這種結(jié)構(gòu)還有兩種動詞不定復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。
1.It is + adj.+ for somebody to do something
e.g.It was very difficult for them to fly because men have not got wings.此句真正的主語是動詞不定復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)for them to fly。其中them是to fly的邏輯主語。
2.It is + adj.+ of somebody to do something
e.g.It is sensible_____ you to bring an umbrella in such weather.A.in B.for
C.with D.of
答案為D。這里sensible跟邏輯主語you的關(guān)系是表達人的特點、性格、本質(zhì)等。像此類形容詞還有kind, foolish, clever, wise, friendly等。II.It is +名詞+ to do something結(jié)構(gòu)
e.g.It is great fun to see the pandas walking in the zoo.III.另外, it作先行主語時還有其他用法
1.it +及物動詞+賓語+不定式
e.g.It cost me 100 dollars to repair the car.It takes me two hours to finish my homework every day.It gave me great pleasure to watch them.2.it + be +名詞/形容詞+ doing
e.g.It is no use studying for an exam at the last minute.It is a waste of time talking to him.It is pleasant sitting here.Exercise I.Choice
1.Today it is easy_______ on-line and millions of people use the Internet everyday.A.get B.to get
C.gets D.got
2.It is clever_______ you to answer such a question.A.for B.on
C.with D.of
3.______ fun it is to ride on a camel in the desert!
A.What B.What a
C.How D.How a
4.It takes 3 days for the parcel _______ America by air mail from Shanghai.A.reach B.reached
C.to reach D.reaches
5.______ important thing it is to do eye exercises everyday!
A.What B.What a
C.What an D.How
6.It is no use _______ about the school lunch.A.complain
B.complaining
C.to complain
D.complained II.用it作形式主語改寫句子
1.To speak English more is very important for you.2.To do more exercises is very helpful.3.To do is more important than to say.4.To help others is our duty.5.To go to the South Pole is the boy's wish.6.To drink plenty of water is good.Key:
I.1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C
5.C 6.B
第二篇：動詞不定式用法小結(jié)
動詞不定式用法小結(jié)
動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞形式，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“to＋動詞原形”，其中to不是介詞，而是動詞不定式的符號，稱為小品詞，動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。動詞不定式和其后面的名詞等構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句子中可以用作主語、表語、賓語、補足語、定語、狀語等。
一.作主語
例如：To be a doctor is hard.做醫(yī)生很難。
To learn English well is not easy.學(xué)好英語不容易。
動詞不定式（短語）作主語時，為了避免句子的頭重腳輕，可以用“it”作形式主語，而把真正的主語－－動詞不定式（短語）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示為：
It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.如果動詞不定式的動作是誰做的，可以在動詞不定式前面加一個由介詞for引導(dǎo)的短語，稱為不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。例：
It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.對我們來說每天早晨大聲讀英語是很有益的。
It is important for students to use English every day.對學(xué)生來說每天使用英語是很重要的。
二.作表語：
動詞不定式（短語）作表語常用于系詞be的后面。例：
His work is to drive a car.他的工作是開車。
Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是當(dāng)醫(yī)生。
三.作賓語
動詞不定式（短語）可以放在一些動詞后面用作賓語，能以動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：
eg:They begin to work at eight every morning.他們每天早晨8點開始工作。
Don’t forget to lock the door.別忘了鎖門。
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?
明天和我們一起去野餐好嗎？
*如果and連接兩個動詞不定式，第二個動詞不定式一般省“to”例：
（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我們一起去游泳。
（2）若作賓語的動詞不定式（短語）很長，可用it作形式賓語。
He found it hard to catch up with others.他覺得趕上別人很困難。
四.作賓語補足語。例如：
The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.老師讓我們早晨讀半小時英語。
Please let me help you.讓我來幫助你。
動詞不定式作賓語補足語，表示賓語所做的動作，可以用動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官聽覺動詞或使役動詞后面作賓語補足語的動詞不定式一般要省略動詞不定式符號“to”，可以歸納為以下三種句式：
1.不可以省to的不定式作賓語補足語：
tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb.to do sth.例:I want you to go now.我想讓你現(xiàn)在就走。
Her parents wish her to be a teacher.她父母親希望她當(dāng)老師。
2.省“to”的不定式作賓語補足語：
Let / make / have sb.do sth.Let the boy go out now.讓那個男孩出去。
The boy made the baby cry.男孩弄哭了這個小孩。
see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb.do sth.I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.昨天我看見學(xué)生們在操場打籃球。
I often hear the girl sing in the next room.我經(jīng)常聽到女孩在隔壁唱歌。
3.可省可不省的：
help sb.（to）do sth.I often help my mother（to）do housework.我經(jīng)常幫媽媽做家務(wù)。
*動詞不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not.例：
（1）Tell them not to play football in the street.告訴他們不要在街道上踢足球。
（2）省to的動詞不定式的否定式是直接在動詞前面加not.例：
Let the boy not go.讓那個男孩別走。
（3）如果將主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，作賓語補足語的動詞不定式變?yōu)橹髡Z補足語，動詞不定式則不省“to”，即原來省的再加上，例：
The boy made the baby cry.The baby was made to cry by the boy.那個孩子被男孩弄哭了。
五.動詞不定式作定語
動詞不定式作定語常用來修飾名詞或不定代詞，放于所修飾的詞后，為后置定語。例：
Who was the first one to arrive?
誰第一個到的？
She has no paper to write on?
她沒有紙寫字？
The best way to learn English is to use it.學(xué)英語最好的方法是使用它。
When is the best time to plant vegetables?
什么時候是種植蔬菜的最好時間？
*動詞不定式（短語）作定語修飾名詞時，與其所修飾的詞具有一種動賓關(guān)系，如果不定式中的動詞為不及物動詞時，其后應(yīng)加上一個含義上所需要的介詞。例：
He has no house to live in.他沒有房子住。
六.動詞不定式作目的狀語：
動詞不定式作目的狀語常用在go, come, hurry等不及物動詞后，表目的。
They got up early to catch the early bus.他們早起去趕早班車。
有時可以把不定式（短語）提前，放于句首，表示強調(diào)目的。例：
To early English quickly and well, he went to England.為了更快更好地學(xué)英語，他去了英國。七.不定式和疑問詞連用，可以作句子的主語、賓語、表語等。例：The problem is where to get a computer.（表語）
No one knows how to do it.沒有人知道如何做這件事。（賓語）
I really don’t know which one to choose.（賓語）
我真的不知道選哪一個。
When and where to have the party is not known.（主語）
何時何地舉行聯(lián)歡還不知道。
*不定式和疑問詞連用作賓語時有時可以改為賓語從句。例：
I don’t know what to do next.我不知下一步該做什么？
I don’t know what I should do next.【模擬試題】（答題時間：30分鐘）
一.選擇填空：
6.The man refused（拒絕）_____ back his words.A.to take
B.taking
C.took
D.takes
11.My father was too angry _________ a word.A.to say
B.not to say
C.to saying
D.didn’t say
12.My brother was old enough ________ to school.A.went
B.goes
C.going
D.to go
13.It is time ________ him ________ supper.A.of, to have
B.for, to have
C.of, having
D.for, to has
14.It’s very kind _______ you ______ me.A.of, to help
B.for, to help
C.of, help
D.of, helping
15.It’s important _________ our classroom clean every day.A.kept
B.to keep
C.to give
D.keep
16.Before liberation（解放）they had no chance _______ to school.A.went
B.go
C.to go
D.to be gone
17.He said he had an important meeting ________.A.attend
B.would attend
C.attending
D.to attend
18.Please give me a piece of paper ________.A.to write
B.to write on
C.writing
D.to write it
19.I don’t know _______.A.what do
B.what will do
C.what to do
D.do what
20.Your radio needs ________.A.to be repaired
B.to repair
C.repaired
D.to repairing
21.My wish is ________ a teacher.A.becoming
B.to become
C.become
D.became
22.I want ________ him a letter now.A.to write
B.not write
C.write
D.wrote
23.It took us three days _________ the trees.A.plant
B.planted
C.to plant
D.plants
24.Why not ________ here _______ me?
A.to come, to see
B.come, to see
C.came, seeing
D.come, see
25.He wishes me ______ my best _________ hard at English.A.to do, to work
B.doing, working
C.to do, working
D.do, work
26.Please tell me ________ her.I have something _______ her.A.where to find, telling
B.where to find, to tell
C.where can find, to tell
D.where finding, telling
27.How happy they are ______ each other again!
A.to see
B.see
C.saw
D.being seen
28.They decided（決心）_______ a letter ______ their thanks.A.to write, expressing（表達）
B.writing, express
C.write, expressed
D.to write, to express
29.The officer ordered（命令）him _______ down _________ a rest.A.lying, have
B.to lie, to have
C.to lie, having
D.lie, had
30.The headmaster called on（號召）us ______ hard for our country.A.to work
B.worked
C.work
D.to working
【試題答案】一.11.A
12.D
13.B
14.A
15.B
16.C
17.D
18.B
19.C
20.A
21.B
22.A
23.C
24.B
25.A
26.B
27.A
28.D
29.B
30.A
三、初中定語從句的講解與練習(xí)
定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。
關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。18.1 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系
代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
1）who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）
2)Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）
3）which, that 它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：
關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。
1）when, where, why
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用，例如：Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？
2）that代替關(guān)系副詞
that可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介詞+ which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略，例如：
His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was born.他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.1.As far as...is concerned 至今...被認為是...2.It goes without saying that...不用說...(意思是：論述的內(nèi)容是顯而易見的）3.It can be said with certainty that...3.不用說...；...是肯定的。4.As the proverb says 4.有句諺語是這樣說的...;常言道...5.It has to be noticed that...5.必須引起注意的是...6.It`s generally recognized that...6.通常認為...7.It`s likely that 7.很可能...8.It`s hardly that...8.hardly表否定，...不被經(jīng)常說起；我們很少談到...It’s hardly too much to say that...8.hardly表否定，...不被經(jīng)常說起；我們很少談到...What calls for special attention is that...9.需要引起特別注意的是...There’s no denying the fact that...10.事實不容否認...Nothing is more important than the fact that...11.沒有比這更重要的是...what’s far more important is that...12.意思同上，更重要的是...As time goes by,.....隨著時間的流逝 There is no doubt that...毫無疑問...As far as I'm concerned, I think....就我而言，我認為...It is said that...據(jù)說...Two heads are better than one.三個臭皮匠，頂個諸葛亮。It is...that...強調(diào)句
It is important for sb to do sth.there be句型
Compared with A, B is more...與A相比，B更...in my opinion 在我看來
It is high time that we did sth.是我們做..的時候了。Only in this way, can wei solve this problem properly.只有這樣我們才能妥善解決這個問題。sth is so...that...如此..以至于..not only...,but also...不僅...而且...To be honest
To tell the truth 老實說來 too..to 太..以至于不能..On one hand,..on the other hand,..一方面..另一方面...高考英語翻譯（Jan..30）中譯英常設(shè)考點
1、形式主語或形式賓語it
2、動名詞作主語
3、句型結(jié)構(gòu)
4、連詞
5、倒裝句型
6、動詞或動詞短語
7、中英文化差異
8、各類從句
9、成語英譯 一：形式主語或形式賓語it
1、It’s + adj.+ of/for sb.to do sth.Eg.It’s so careless of you to make so many spelling
mistakes in the English exam
2、It so happened that…
Eg.It so happened that I didn’t have any money on me.3、It’s reported/ believed/ estimated that…
It’s estimated that about 30 passengers were killed in the bus accident.4、在強調(diào)句it is + that 中
Eg.It’s because of his perseverance that led to his late success.5、在含有某些形容詞的句子中，如important，necessary，impossible, natural, common, strange等。
6、It’s likely that…
Eg.It’s likely that John won’t come though he has promised do.二：動名詞作主語
充分利用時間并不意味著從早到晚不停地看書。(make full use of time)Making full use of time doesn’t mean keeping on reading books from morning till night.三：句型結(jié)構(gòu)
很多人身體有疾病時才認識到保持健康的重要性。(not…until)Many people are not aware of the importance of being healthy until they are ill.這部有關(guān)第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的歷史小說引人入勝，我簡直愛不釋手。(so…that)The historical novel about World War I is so attractive that I can’t bear to put it down.Practice
這個練習(xí)太難，沒幾個人能做對。（so…that）他下決心不再依賴父母，要靠自己用雙手謀生。（not…but）瑪麗把開門的鑰匙丟了，只好在屋外等她媽媽。（do nothing but）她身體太弱，沒法從事這樣艱苦的工作。（too…to）與閱讀一樣，聽力在語言學(xué)習(xí)過程中也起著重要作用。（as…as）人們普遍認為，用腦越多，智力越活躍。（the more…the more）正是在這個小城里，他度過了幸福的童年。（It is … that…）他是鑒定書法的高手，自己也寫得一手好字。（not only…but also）過了若干年那個事件的真相才被揭示出來。（It…before…）
四：連詞
我們將作進一步的討論，然后再作出最終結(jié)論。(before)We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion)六：動詞或動詞短語
這張照片使我想起了我們在夏令營里度過的日子。(remind)The photo reminds me of the days we spent in the summer camp.說老實話，我真后悔沒能幫助他擺脫困境。(regret)To tell the truth, I really regret not being able to help him out of the trouble.眾所周知，成功來自勤奮，不努力則一事無成。
As we all know, success comes from hard work, without efforts nothing can be done.or It is known to all that success results from diligence;without efforts nothing can be achieved.他們應(yīng)從這件事中吸取教訓(xùn)，玩火者必自焚。
They should learn a lesson from this incident;he who plays with fire will surely get burnt.這個地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展很快，可是某些市民的素質(zhì)還不盡如人意。
Although the economy in this area is developing rapidly, the qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory.當(dāng)時，那位出租車司機別無選擇，只能求助與游客。
At the time, the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourists/traveler(for help).許多外國游客都想去長城一游，他們知道“不到長城非好漢”。
Many foreign tourists want to visit the Great Wall.They know that” He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” 2003年：
雖然她孤身一人，無親無故，但鄰居們都向她伸出了援助之手。
Although she lives(alone)with no relatives or friends, all the/her neighboures offer her a helping hand/offer to help her.這個游戲的規(guī)則太復(fù)雜，三言兩語解釋不清。
The rules of the game are too completed to explain/be explained in a few words.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難與那些一貫固執(zhí)己見的人合作。
I find it is hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinion.只要我們齊心協(xié)力，就能很快解決這個技術(shù)難題。
So long as/As long as/If we work co-operatively/with combined efforts/joint efforts, we will be able to solve/work out the technical problems.soon.他進公司后不久就開始獨立完成了一項艱巨的任務(wù)，同事們對他刮目相看。
（so）
He finished a difficult task on his own / independently soon / shortly after he entered the company, so his colleagues looked at him with new eyes / regarded him in a totally different light/ treated him with increased respect.每次我向她請教，她總是有求必應(yīng)。而且解釋得令我十分滿意。(satisfaction)Every time I ask her for advice, she is always ready to help, and explains to my full satisfaction.這小孩太調(diào)皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心煩意亂。(So…)So naughty is the child that he often upsets his parents who are busy with their work.九：復(fù)合句（各類從句）
我第一次寫英語作文時，犯了許多拼寫錯誤。(make)（2002年上海）The first time I wrote the English composition, I made a lot of spelling mistakes.彼得每月留出一點錢以便在不久的將來購買一輛新汽車。(set aside)（1998上海高考）Peter sets aside some money every month so that he can buy a new car in the near future.這張照片讓我們想起了在夏令營里度過的日子。(remind)（2000年上海）The picture reminds me of the days that were spent in the summer camp.不管天有多晚，他從不把今天的事拖到明天。(put off)（2002年上海）However late it is, he never puts off what should be done today till tomorrow.盡管遭受如此嚴重的自然災(zāi)害，但只要不灰心，我們終會克服暫時的困難。(Although…)Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficulty as long as we don’t lose heart.
第三篇：動詞不定式用法小結(jié)
動詞不定式用法
動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞形式，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“to＋動詞原形”，其中to不是介詞，而是動詞不定式的符號，稱為小品詞，動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。動詞不定式和其后面的名詞等構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句子中可以用作主語、表語、賓語、補足語、定語、狀語等。
一.作主語
To be a doctor is hard.做醫(yī)生很難。
To learn English well is not easy.學(xué)好英語不容易。
動詞不定式（短語）作主語時，為了避免句子的頭重腳輕，可以用“it”作形式主語，而把真正的主語－－動詞不定式（短語）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示為：
It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.再如：
It’s important to plant trees in spring.二.作表語：
動詞不定式（短語）作表語常用于系詞be的后面。例：
His work is to drive a car.他的工作是開車。
My job is to feed animals.我的工作是飼養(yǎng)動物。
Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是當(dāng)醫(yī)生。
三.作賓語
動詞不定式（短語）可以放在一些動詞后面用作賓語，能以動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：
I want to tell you a story.我想給你講個故事。
They begin to work at eight every morning.他們每天早晨8點開始工作。
Don’t forget to lock the door.別忘了鎖門。
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我們一起去野餐好嗎？
*如果and連接兩個動詞不定式，第二個動詞不定式一般省“to”例：
（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我們一起去游泳。
（2）若作賓語的動詞不定式（短語）很長，可用it作形式賓語。
I find it’s interesting to learn English with you.我覺得和你一起學(xué)英語很有趣。
He found it hard to catch up with others.他覺得趕上別人很困難。
四.作賓語補足語。
The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.老師讓我們早晨讀半小時英語。
The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.老師常告訴Jim不要花太多時間玩電腦游戲。
五.動詞不定式作定語
動詞不定式作定語常用來修飾名詞或不定代詞，放于所修飾的詞后，為后置定語。例：
Who was the first one to arrive? 誰第一個到的？
She has no paper to write on? 她沒有紙寫字？
The best way to learn English is to use it.學(xué)英語最好的方法是使用它。
六.動詞不定式作目的狀語：
動詞不定式作目的狀語常用在go, come, hurry等不及物動詞后，表目的。
He went to see his sister yesterday.他昨天去看妹妹了。
They got up early to catch the early bus.他們早起去趕早班車。
有時可以把不定式（短語）提前，放于句首，表示強調(diào)目的。例：
To early English quickly and well, he went to England.為了更快更好地學(xué)英語，他去了英國。
第四篇：動詞不定式用法梳理解讀
動詞不定式是由“不定式符號to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成的一種非謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)。有些動詞不定式不帶to，動詞不定式可以作句子的主語、表語、賓語、定語、補語、狀語或單獨使用。不定式保留動詞的某些特性，可以有自己的賓語、狀語等。動詞不定式和它后面的賓語、狀語等一起構(gòu)成短語，叫作不定式短語?，F(xiàn)對九年級動詞不定式的用法作一次簡要梳理。
一、用作主語
直接把動詞不定式置于句首的情況不多，多數(shù)情況用it作形式主語，把真正的主語——動詞不定式置于句末，特別是不定式短語較長時。動詞不定式作主語，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。帶疑問詞的不定式短語作主語常置于句首，復(fù)合不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作主語常置于句末。如：
1.As young adults, it is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge...2.The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.3.How to make requests politely is important.二、用作表語
動詞不定式作表語，常說明主語的內(nèi)容、性質(zhì)、特征。如：
1.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.2.The first thing is to greet the teacher.三、用作賓語
1.可以接帶to的動詞不定式作賓語的動詞主要有：要求選擇同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望決定學(xué)習(xí)(expect, hope, decide, learn)，寧可假裝知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如：
1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.3)I’d love to visit Mexico.2.動詞decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介詞結(jié)構(gòu)on...可用疑問詞帶to的不定式短語作賓語，但why后面的不定式不帶to。如：
1)Could you please tell me where to park my car? 2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations.3.動詞feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式賓語代替真正的賓語——動詞不定式，句子結(jié)構(gòu)是...feel / find / make /...it+adj./ n.+to do...。如：
I find it difficult to remember everything.4.既可接動詞不定式又可接ving形式作賓語，意思差別不太大的動詞有begin, start, like, love等。一般說來，動詞不定式表一次、數(shù)次的具體動作、將來動作或動作的全過程，ving形式表習(xí)慣性的連續(xù)動作。但是這種區(qū)別并不很嚴格，特別是美國英語，即使是習(xí)慣性的動作也可以用動詞不定式。如：
1)Then I started to watch English-language TV.2)I’m beginning to understand my Chinese roots, and who I am.begin用了進行時態(tài)，后面只接不定式作賓語，表示事情剛開始，還要繼續(xù)下去。
3)I like to eat vegetables.感知動詞like, love, know等一般不用進行時態(tài)。
5.后接動詞不定式或ving形式作賓語，意思差別較大的動詞有forget, remember等。后接不定式作賓語，表動作尚未發(fā)生；后接ving形式作賓語，表動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。stop to do停下來做另外一件事，to do是目的狀語；stop doing停止做、不做當(dāng)前這件事，doing是賓語。try to do盡力做，try doing試試看；go on to do接著做另外的事，go on doing繼續(xù)做原來的事。如：
1)When I left home, I had forgotten to bring it with me.2)I stopped using them last year.四、用作定語
1.句子的主語或賓語是動詞不定式的邏輯主語，不定式與其所修飾的名詞、代詞等存在邏輯的動賓關(guān)系時，用動詞不定式的主動式。如：
1)I have so many chores to do today.2)I cant think of any good advice to give her.3)Basketball has also become a more popular sport for people to watch.2.動詞不定式所修飾的名詞是place, time, way等時，不定式與這些名詞呈現(xiàn)出動狀關(guān)系或同位關(guān)系。如：
1)He needs time to do homework.2)Is that a good place to hang out？
3)You want to know the best way to get around the city.3.在“there be...”句型里，句子的主語是動詞不定式動作的對象，常用主動式。如：
1)There’s just so much to see and do here.2)...but there are still many things to do there.五、用作補語
動詞不定式作補語時，在主動語態(tài)句里補賓語，在被動語態(tài)句里補主語，句子的賓語或主語是不定式動作的邏輯執(zhí)行者。如果不定式是to be done，句子的賓語或主語就是邏輯承受者。
1.在主、被動語態(tài)句里用帶to的動詞不定式作補語的動詞主要有：要求允許提議(ask, allow, permit, advise)，期望邀請鼓勵(expect, suppose, invite, encourage)，教導(dǎo)告訴想要(teach, tell, want)，等待希望愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。如：
1)Id invite her to have dinner at my house.2)Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.3)Email English is supposed to be used on mobile phones.2.動詞不定式作補語，在主動語態(tài)句里不帶to，被動語態(tài)句里帶to時多數(shù)動詞是感官動詞和使役動詞，包括四“看”：look at, observe, see, watch，三“讓”：have, let, make，二“聽”：hear, listen to，一“感覺”：feel，一“注意”：notice。如：
1)This picture makes me feel tense！
2)Of course we want to see Liu Yu achieve his dreams.3.help后接動詞不定式作補語，to可帶可不帶。一般說來，帶to表間接幫助，不帶to表直接幫助。在被動語態(tài)句里，或者用不定式的否定式作補語時要帶to。如：
1)...they can help you to compare two different products so that you can buy the one you really need.2)Using email English helps you write quickly.4.be said, be sure, happen, seem等后面可以接帶to的動詞不定式作主語的補語。如：
1)He doesn’t seem to have many friends.2)Be sure not to miss them if they come to a city near you.六、用作狀語
1.目的狀語，置于句首或句末，置于句首時常表示強調(diào)。如：
1)In order not to offend people, learning about language etiquette is just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary.2)A group of young people got together to(in order to / so as to)discuss this question.(to do / in order to do / so as to do用作目的狀語，置句末時都可以用，置句首時只用to do / in order to do。so as to do一般不置于句首，可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，in order to do不引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。)
2.原因狀語，多見于“sb.+be+adj.+to do...”結(jié)構(gòu)句中。如：
My dogs name is “Lucky”—a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him.3.結(jié)果狀語，多見于“too...to”，“enough to...”結(jié)構(gòu)句中。如：
1)Then I’m too tired to do well.What should I do?
2)The room needs to be big enough for three people to live in.4.有些動詞不定式作狀語，常說明前面形容詞的性質(zhì)和特性。動詞不定式與句子的主語有邏輯的動賓關(guān)系。動詞不定式前面的形容詞一般是：cheap, dangerous, difficult, easy, fun, hard, interesting, necessary。不定式常用主動式表被動意義。
...the mistakes you made are necessary for you to learn and understand.這類句子中的動詞不定式可改為主語。
5.獨立動詞不定式多用作插入語，表示說話人的心理狀態(tài)或?qū)κ虑榈目捶?。如?/p>
1)Id like to stay healthy, but to be honest, I only eat food that tastes good.2)To begin with, she spoke too quickly, and I couldn’t understand every word.七、動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是“for / of sb.to do sth.”，for / of引出不定式動作的邏輯主語。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等。不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的介詞用for還是of，主要決定于前面形容詞的性質(zhì)。一般說來，of前面的形容詞是careful, clever, foolish, good, kind, nice, wise等，既說明人的特性，又說明不定式動作的特性。for前面的形容詞是dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, heavy, important, interesting, necessary等，一般說明不定式動作的特性，不說明人的特性。前面如果是名詞用for。如：
1.Its also probably a good idea for parents to allow teenagers to study in groups during the evening.2.Zoos are terrible places for animals to live.八、帶疑問詞的不定式短語
動詞不定式前面可以帶疑問代詞what, which, who或疑問副詞how, when, where, why等。這種結(jié)構(gòu)起名詞的作用，在句子里用作賓語、主語、表語等，或者單獨使用。要注意的是，why后面的不定式不帶to。如：
1.用作句子的成分。
1)I don’t know what to try next.(作賓語)
2)Where to go is not decided yet.(作主語)
2.單獨使用時相當(dāng)于一個特殊疑問句。
1)What to do next?(=What will we / you do next?)
2)Why go there?(=Why do we / you go there?)
九、動詞不定式的否定式
不定式的否定式是not / never to do...，不帶to的不定式的否定式是not / never do...如： 1.Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other.2.His parents tell him never to drive after drinking.十．不帶to 的 Couldyou please do had better do why not do
第五篇：初中動詞不定式用法講解
初中動詞不定式用法講解
動詞不定式是動詞的一種非謂語形式，又叫非謂語動詞，它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能做謂語；它由“to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，這里的to是動詞不定式符號，本身沒有詞義，其否定形式常在to前加not；由于它仍保持動詞的特點，可以有自己的賓語和狀語，還可以帶疑問詞和由for引出其邏輯主語等形成動詞不定式短語；不定式或不定式短語具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句子中可作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語等句子成分。為使同學(xué)們更好地掌握其用法，現(xiàn)總結(jié)如下：
一、動詞不定式作主語
動詞不定式作主語時，為避免句子的頭重腳輕，常用it作為形式主語，而真正的主語動詞不定式后置。如要說明動作的執(zhí)行者，可在不定式前加for引導(dǎo)的短語；但如果表語是nice, kind, clever等描述動作執(zhí)行者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞時，則應(yīng)在不定式前加of引導(dǎo)的短語。
常用句型: 1，It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.)to do sth.（用of還是for決定于前面的adj, adj若是指sb.的特性，就用of，adj若是指sth的特性就用for）
例句：It’s so nice of you to help me with my homework.你真是太好了，幫助我完成作業(yè)。
It’s very difficult for me to do the math homework.數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)對于我來講太難了。
2，It takes sb.some time to do sth.例句：It takes my mother all day to do the housework.做家務(wù)花了我媽媽一整天的時間。
二、動詞不定式作賓語
一些動詞，如want, decide, hope, ask, offer, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach,prepare等，常接動詞不定式作賓語（如want/decide to do sth.等）。當(dāng)動詞不定式作賓語時，如果后接賓語補足語，常用it作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語放在賓語補足語之后。注意:有些動詞后面可接不定式作賓語，也可接動名詞作賓語,所表達的意義也不同。如：
（1）stop to do sth.停止正在做的事，去做另一件事；
stop doing sth..停止正在做的事
（2）go on to do sth.做完一件事后，繼續(xù)做另一件事；
go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做同一件事
（3）remember/forget to do sth.記?。浫プ瞿呈?；（未做）
remember/forget doing sth.記得／忘記做過某事（已做）
三、動詞不定式作定語
動詞不定式作后置定語時，與被修飾的名詞邏輯上有動賓關(guān)系。如果動詞不定式是不及物動詞時，則要帶上與之搭配的介詞，構(gòu)成及物動詞短語。
如： have/has ＋某事＋to do
eg: I have so many homework to do.我有許多作業(yè)要做。
enough＋名詞＋to do
eg: It’s difficult enough to do my math homework.數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)太難了。
“It’s time to do sth.”
eg: It’s time to go home.是時候回家了。
四、動詞不定式作賓語補足語
有些動詞，如tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，構(gòu)成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb.to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。應(yīng)注意動詞不定式作使役動詞和感官動詞的賓語補足語時應(yīng)省去to，在被動語態(tài)中應(yīng)加上to。這些動詞可歸納為“一感(feel)，二聽(listen to, hear)，三讓(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半幫助(help)(即在動詞help后面作賓語補足語時，to可有可無)”。另有口訣幫助記憶：“感使動詞真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪，主動句中to離開，被動句中to回來。”(let不用于被動語態(tài))
五、動詞不定式作狀語
動詞不定式作狀語主要用來修飾動詞，表示目的，結(jié)果或原因。為了強調(diào)目的，有時可以把動詞不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order或so as。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有too + adj./adv.+ to do sth.等。
例句：I go to bed early in order to get up early in the next day.我那么早睡覺就是為了第二天能早起。
My little brother is too young to go to school.我的弟弟太小而不能上學(xué)。
六、固定句式中動詞不定式的用法
在固定句式中對不定式的考察常見的有：
had better(not)do sth.最好做（不做）某事。
Would you like to do sth.?你想要做（不做）某事嗎？
Why not do sth.?為什么不做某事？
Would you please(not)do sth.?請您可以做（不做）某事么？
七，根據(jù)以上六點，中英互譯下列句子Homework（全對獎勵100積分）1，你很聰明答對這個問題（clever）2, In fact, to learn English well is easy for you.___________________________________________________________
3, 他總是那么早回家看電視(watch)
He always _____________ early _____________TV.4, 讓他們獨自走進教室。(walk)
Let them ______________ the classroom alone.5, 你最好在九點前完成作業(yè)。(finish)
You’d better _______________before 9:00 pm.6, 為什么不購物呢？(shopping)
7, Mary上周末忘記了做家務(wù)。(forget)
Mary _______________________________________ last weekend.8, 上個暑假，三位青少年主動提出做一些志愿者工作。(offer)
Three teenagers ___________________________ some voluntary work last summer holiday.
點擊咨詢 