第一篇：十八大報告要點中英對照

十八大報告要點中英對照

科學(xué)發(fā)展觀

Scientific Outlook on Development

總結(jié)十年奮斗歷程，最重要的就是我們形成和貫徹了科學(xué)發(fā)展觀。

The most important achievement in our endeavors in the past ten years is that we have formed the Scientific Outlook on Development and put it into practice.科學(xué)發(fā)展觀對新形勢下實現(xiàn)什么樣的發(fā)展、怎樣發(fā)展等重大問題作出了新的科學(xué)回答。The Scientific Outlook on Development provides new scientific answers to the major questions of what kind of development China should achieve in a new environment and how the country should achieve it.科學(xué)發(fā)展觀同馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想一道，是黨必須長期堅持的指導(dǎo)思想。

Together with Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development is the theoretical guidance the Party must adhere to for a long time.中國特色社會主義

socialism with Chinese characteristics

堅定不移走中國特色社會主義道路

We must unswervingly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.總布局是五位一體，總?cè)蝿?wù)是實現(xiàn)社會主義現(xiàn)代化和中華民族偉大復(fù)興。

Our overall approach is to promote economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress, and our general task is to achieve socialist modernization and the great renewal of the Chinese nation.我們要準(zhǔn)確判斷重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期內(nèi)涵和條件的變化，全面把握機(jī)遇，沉著應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)，贏得主動，贏得優(yōu)勢，贏得未來，確保到二0二0年實現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會宏偉目標(biāo)。

We need to have a correct understanding of the changing nature and conditions of this period, seize all opportunities, respond with cool-headedness to challenges, and gain initiative and advantages to win the future and attain the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020.綜觀國際國內(nèi)大勢，我國發(fā)展仍處于可以大有作為的重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期。

An examination of both the current international and domestic environments shows that China remains in an important period of strategic opportunities for its development, a period in which much can be achieved.在發(fā)展平衡性、協(xié)調(diào)性、可持續(xù)性明顯增強(qiáng)的基礎(chǔ)上，實現(xiàn)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比二0一0年翻一番。

On the basis of making China's development much more balanced, coordinated and sustainable, we should double its 2010 GDP and per capita income for both urban and rural residents.全面建成小康社會，必須以更大的政治勇氣和智慧，不失時機(jī)深化重要領(lǐng)域改革，堅決破除一切妨礙科學(xué)發(fā)展的思想觀念和體制機(jī)制弊端。

To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must, with greater political courage and vision, lose no time in deepening reform in key sectors and resolutely discard all notions and systems that hinder efforts to pursue development in a scientific way.以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心是興國之要，發(fā)展仍是解決我國所有問題的關(guān)鍵。

Taking economic development as the central task is vital to national renewal, and development still holds the key to addressing all the problems we have in China.經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的核心問題是處理好政府和市場的關(guān)系，必須更加尊重市場規(guī)律，更好發(fā)揮政府作用。

The underlying issue we face in economic structural reform is how to strike a balance between the role of the government and that of the market, and we should follow more closely the rules of the market and better play the role of the government.要牢牢把握擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需這一戰(zhàn)略基點，加快建立擴(kuò)大消費需求長效機(jī)制，擴(kuò)大國內(nèi)市場規(guī)模。We should firmly maintain the strategic focus of boosting domestic demand, speed up the establishment of a long-term mechanism for increasing consumer demand, unleash the potential of individual consumption, increase investment at a proper pace, and expand the domestic market.解決好農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村農(nóng)民問題是全黨工作重中之重。

We should give high priority to rural areas in developing infrastructure and social programs in the country.政治體制改革

political structure reform

必須繼續(xù)積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)政治體制改革，發(fā)展更加廣泛、更加充分、更加健全的人民民主。We must continue to make both active and prudent efforts to carry out the reform of the political structure, and make people's democracy more extensive, fuller in scope and sounder in practice.要把制度建設(shè)擺在突出位置，充分發(fā)揮我國社會主義政治制度優(yōu)越性，積極借鑒人類政治文明有益成果，絕不照搬西方政治制度模式。

We should place high importance on systemic building, give full play to the strength of the socialist political system and draw on the political achievements of other societies.However, we will never copy a Western political system.在學(xué)有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫(yī)、老有所養(yǎng)、住有所居上持續(xù)取得新進(jìn)展，努力讓人民過上更好生活。

We should keep making progress in ensuring that all the people enjoy their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing so that they will lead a better life.把生態(tài)文明建設(shè)放在突出地位，融入經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)各方面和全過程，努力建設(shè)美麗中國，實現(xiàn)中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展。

We must give high priority to making ecological progress and incorporate it into all aspects and the whole process of advancing economic, political, cultural, and social progress, work hard to build a beautiful country, and achieve lasting and sustainable development of the Chinese nation.建設(shè)與我國國際地位相稱、與國家安全和發(fā)展利益相適應(yīng)的鞏固國防和強(qiáng)大軍隊，是我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)。

Building strong national defense and powerful armed forces that are commensurate with China's international standing and meet the needs of its security and development interests is a strategic task of China's modernization drive.高度關(guān)注海洋、太空、網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間安全，積極運籌和平時期軍事力量運用，不斷拓展和深化軍事斗爭準(zhǔn)備，提高以打贏信息化條件下局部戰(zhàn)爭能力為核心的完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)能力。We should attach great importance to maritime, space and cyberspace security.We should make active planning for the use of military forces in peacetime, expand and intensify military preparedness, and enhance the capability to accomplish a wide range of military tasks, the most important of which is to win local war in an information age.對臺灣任何政黨，只要不主張“臺獨”、認(rèn)同一個中國，我們都愿意同他們交往、對話、合作。We are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue and cooperation with any political party in Taiwan as long as it does not seek Taiwan independence and recognizes the one-China principle.希望雙方共同努力，探討國家尚未統(tǒng)一特殊情況下的兩岸政治關(guān)系，作出合情合理安排。We hope that the two sides will jointly explore cross-Straits political relations and make reasonable arrangements for them under the special condition that the country is yet to be reunified.商談建立兩岸軍事安全互信機(jī)制，穩(wěn)定臺海局勢；協(xié)商達(dá)成兩岸和平協(xié)議，開創(chuàng)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展新前景。

We hope the two sides will discuss the establishment of a cross-Straits military security confidence-building mechanism to maintain stability in their relations and reach a peace agreement through consultation so as to open a new horizon in advancing the peaceful growth of these relations.中國將始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路，堅定奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策。

China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development and firmly pursue an independent foreign policy of peace.我們堅決維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益，決不會屈服于任何外來壓力。

We are firm in our resolve to uphold China's sovereignty, security and development interests and will never yield to any outside pressure.我們根據(jù)事情本身的是非曲直決定自己的立場和政策，秉持公道，伸張正義。

We will decide our position and policy on an issue on its own merits and work to uphold fairness and justice.中國主張和平解決國際爭端和熱點問題，反對動輒訴諸武力或以武力相威脅，反對顛覆別國合法政權(quán)，反對一切形式的恐怖主義。

China is committed to peaceful settlement of international disputes and hotspot issues, opposes the wanton use of force or threat to use it, opposes any foreign attempt to subvert the legitimate government of any other countries, and opposes terrorism in all its manifestations.中國反對各種形式的霸權(quán)主義和強(qiáng)權(quán)政治，永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸，永遠(yuǎn)不搞擴(kuò)張。

China opposes hegemonism and power politics in all their forms and will never seek hegemony or engage in expansion.反對腐敗、建設(shè)廉潔政治，是黨一貫堅持的鮮明政治立場，是人民關(guān)注的重大政治問題。這個問題解決不好，就會對黨造成致命傷害，甚至亡黨亡國。

Combating corruption and promoting political integrity, which is a major political issue of great concern to the people, is a clear-cut and long-term political commitment of the Party.If we fail to handle this issue well, it could prove fatal to the Party, and even cause the collapse of the Party and the fall of the state.各級黨組織和廣大黨員、干部特別是主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部一定要自覺遵守黨章，自覺按照黨的組織原則和黨內(nèi)政治生活準(zhǔn)則辦事，任何人都不能凌駕于組織之上。要堅決維護(hù)中央權(quán)威，在思想上政治上行動上同黨中央保持高度一致，堅決貫徹黨的理論和路線方針政策。加強(qiáng)監(jiān)督檢查，嚴(yán)肅黨的紀(jì)律特別是政治紀(jì)律，形成全黨上下步調(diào)一致、奮發(fā)進(jìn)取的強(qiáng)大力量。

Leading officials at all levels, especially high-ranking officials, must readily observe the code of conduct on clean governance and report all important matters.They should both exercise strict self-discipline and strengthen education and supervision over their families and their staff;and they should never seek any privilege.

第二篇：十八大報告要點中英對照

Hu Jintao, general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and Chinese president, delivers a keynote report during the opening ceremony of the 18th CPC National Congress at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Nov.8, 2012.The 18th CPC National Congress was opened in Beijing on Thursday.(Xinhua/Huang Jingwen)

BEIJING, Nov.8(Xinhua)--Chinese leader Hu Jintao delivered a report on Thursday at the opening of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC).The following are key quotes from his report:

On Scientific Outlook on Development

科學(xué)發(fā)展觀

--The most important achievement in our endeavors in the past ten years is that we have formed the Scientific Outlook on Development and put it into practice.總結(jié)十年奮斗歷程，最重要的就是我們堅持以馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，于推進(jìn)實踐基礎(chǔ)上的理論創(chuàng)新，圍繞堅持和發(fā)展中國特色社會主義提出一系列緊密相連、相互貫通的新思想、新觀點、新論斷，形成和貫徹了科學(xué)發(fā)展觀。

--This theory provides new scientific answers to the major questions of what kind of development China should achieve in a new environment and how the country should achieve it.科學(xué)發(fā)展觀對新形勢下實現(xiàn)什么樣的發(fā)展、怎樣發(fā)展等重大問題作出了新的科學(xué)回答，把我們對中國特色社會主義規(guī)律的認(rèn)識提高到新的水平，開辟了當(dāng)代中國馬克思主義發(fā)展新境界。

--Together with Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development is the theoretical guidance the Party must adhere to for a long time.科學(xué)發(fā)展觀同馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想一道，是黨必須長期堅持的指導(dǎo)思想。

On socialism with Chinese characteristics 中國特色社會主義

--We must unswervingly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.胡錦濤同志在十八大報告中強(qiáng)調(diào)，堅定不移走中國特色社會主義道路，奪取中國特色社會主義新勝利。

--Our overall approach is to promote economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress, and our general task is to achieve socialist modernization and the great renewal of the Chinese nation.建設(shè)中國特色社會主義，總依據(jù)是社會主義初級階段，總布局是五位一體，總?cè)蝿?wù)是實現(xiàn)社會主義現(xiàn)代化和中華民族偉大復(fù)興。

On building moderately prosperous society 全面建成小康社會

--We need to have a correct understanding of the changing nature and conditions of this period, seize all opportunities, respond with cool-headedness to challenges, and gain initiative and advantages to win the future and attain the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020.我們要準(zhǔn)確判斷重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期內(nèi)涵和條件的變化，全面把握機(jī)遇，沉著應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)，贏得主動，贏得優(yōu)勢，贏得未來，確保到二0二0年實現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會宏偉目標(biāo)。

--An examination of both the current international and domestic environments shows that China remains in an important period of strategic opportunities for its development, a period in which much can be achieved.綜觀國際國內(nèi)大勢，我國發(fā)展仍處于可以大有作為的重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期。

--On the basis of making China's development much more balanced, coordinated and sustainable, we should double its 2010 GDP and per capita income for both urban and rural residents.經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式取得重大進(jìn)展，在發(fā)展平衡性、協(xié)調(diào)性、可持續(xù)性明顯增強(qiáng)的基礎(chǔ)上，實現(xiàn)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比二0一0年翻一番。

--To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must, with greater political courage and vision, lose no time in deepening reform in key sectors and resolutely discard all notions and systems that hinder efforts to pursue development in a scientific way.胡錦濤指出，全面建成小康社會，必須以更大的政治勇氣和智慧，不失時機(jī)深化重要領(lǐng)域改革，堅決破除一切妨礙科學(xué)發(fā)展的思想觀念和體制機(jī)制弊端，構(gòu)建系統(tǒng)完備、科學(xué)規(guī)范、運行有效的制度體系，使各方面制度更加成熟更加定型。On economy

加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式

--Taking economic development as the central task is vital to national renewal, and development still holds the key to addressing all the problems we have in China.以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心是興國之要，發(fā)展仍是解決我國所有問題的關(guān)鍵。

--The underlying issue we face in economic structural reform is how to strike a balance between the role of the government and that of the market, and we should follow more closely the rules of the market and better play the role of the government.經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的核心問題是處理好政府和市場的關(guān)系，必須更加尊重市場規(guī)律，更好發(fā)揮政府作用。

--We should firmly maintain the strategic focus of boosting domestic demand, speed up the establishment of a long-term mechanism for increasing consumer demand, unleash the potential of individual consumption, increase investment at a proper pace, and expand the domestic market.要牢牢把握擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需這一戰(zhàn)略基點，加快建立擴(kuò)大消費需求長效機(jī)制，擴(kuò)大國內(nèi)市場規(guī)模。

--We should give high priority to rural areas in developing infrastructure and social programs in the country.推動城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化。解決好農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村農(nóng)民問題是全黨工作重中之重，城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化是解決“三農(nóng)”問題的根本途徑。要加大統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展力度，促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)共同繁榮。

On political structure reform

推進(jìn)政治體制改革

--We must continue to make both active and prudent efforts to carry out the reform of the political structure, and make people's democracy more extensive, fuller in scope and sounder in practice.必須繼續(xù)積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)政治體制改革，發(fā)展更加廣泛、更加充分、更加健全的人民民主。

--We should place high importance on systemic building, give full play to the strength of the socialist political system and draw on the political achievements of other societies.However, we will never copy a Western political system.要把制度建設(shè)擺在突出位置，充分發(fā)揮我國社會主義政治制度優(yōu)越性，積極借鑒人類政治文明有益成果，絕不照搬西方政治制度模式。On improving people's wellbeing

加強(qiáng)社會建設(shè)

--We should keep making progress in ensuring that all the people enjoy their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing so that they will lead a better life.解決好人民最關(guān)心最直接最現(xiàn)實的利益問題，在學(xué)有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫(yī)、老有所養(yǎng)、住有所居上持續(xù)取得新進(jìn)展，努力讓人民過上更好生活。On ecological progress

大力推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)

--We must give high priority to making ecological progress and incorporate it into all aspects and the whole process of advancing economic, political, cultural, and social progress, work hard to build a beautiful country, and achieve lasting and sustainable development of the Chinese nation.面對資源約束趨緊、環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)退化的嚴(yán)峻形勢，必須樹立尊重自然、順應(yīng)自然、保護(hù)自然的生態(tài)文明理念，把生態(tài)文明建設(shè)放在突出地位，融入經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)各方面和全過程，努力建設(shè)美麗中國，實現(xiàn)中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展。On military modernization

推進(jìn)國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化

--Building strong national defense and powerful armed forces that are commensurate with China's international standing and meet the needs of its security and development interests is a strategic task of China's modernization drive.建設(shè)與我國國際地位相稱、與國家安全和發(fā)展利益相適應(yīng)的鞏固國防和強(qiáng)大軍隊，是我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)。

--We should attach great importance to maritime, space and cyberspace security.We should make active planning for the use of military forces in peacetime, expand and intensify military preparedness, and enhance the capability to accomplish a wide range of military tasks, the most important of which is to win local war in an information age.與時俱進(jìn)加強(qiáng)軍事戰(zhàn)略指導(dǎo)，高度關(guān)注海洋、太空、網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間安全，積極運籌和平時期軍事力量運用，不斷拓展和深化軍事斗爭準(zhǔn)備，提高以打贏信息化條件下局部戰(zhàn)爭能力為核心的完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)能力。

On Taiwan

推進(jìn)祖國統(tǒng)一

--We are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue and cooperation with any political party in Taiwan as long as it does not seek Taiwan independence and recognizes the one-China principle.對臺灣任何政黨，只要不主張“臺獨”、認(rèn)同一個中國，我們都愿意同他們交往、對話、合作。

--We hope that the two sides will jointly explore cross-Straits political relations and make reasonable arrangements for them under the special condition that the country is yet to be reunified.希望雙方共同努力，探討國家尚未統(tǒng)一特殊情況下的兩岸政治關(guān)系，作出合情合理安排。

--We hope the two sides will discuss the establishment of a cross-Straits military security confidence-building mechanism to maintain stability in their relations and reach a peace agreement through consultation so as to open a new horizon in advancing the peaceful growth of these relations.商談建立兩岸軍事安全互信機(jī)制，穩(wěn)定臺海局勢；協(xié)商達(dá)成兩岸和平協(xié)議，開創(chuàng)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展新前景。On foreign affairs

促進(jìn)人類和平與發(fā)展

--China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development and firmly pursue an independent foreign policy of peace.中國將始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路，堅定奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策。

--We are firm in our resolve to uphold China's sovereignty, security and development interests and will never yield to any outside pressure.我們堅決維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益，決不會屈服于任何外來壓力。

--We will decide our position and policy on an issue on its own merits and work to uphold fairness and justice.我們根據(jù)事情本身的是非曲直決定自己的立場和政策，秉持公道，伸張正義。

--China is committed to peaceful settlement of international disputes and hotspot issues, opposes the wanton use of force or threat to use it, opposes any foreign attempt to subvert the legitimate government of any other countries, and opposes terrorism in all its manifestations.中國主張和平解決國際爭端和熱點問題，反對動輒訴諸武力或以武力相威脅，反對顛覆別國合法政權(quán)，反對一切形式的恐怖主義。

--China opposes hegemonism and power politics in all their forms and will never seek hegemony or engage in expansion.中國反對各種形式的霸權(quán)主義和強(qiáng)權(quán)政治，永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸，永遠(yuǎn)不搞擴(kuò)張。

第三篇：十八大報告全文(中英對照)

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堅定不移沿著中國特色社會主義道路前進(jìn) 為全面建成小康社會而奮斗

——在中國共產(chǎn)黨第十八次全國代表大會上的報告

(2012年11月8日）

胡錦濤

FIRMLY MARCH ON THE PATH OF SOCIALISM WITH CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS AND STRIVE TO COMPLETE THE BUILDING OF A MODERATELY PROSPEROUS

SOCIETY IN ALL RESPECTS

Report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China on Nov 8, 2012

Hu Jintao

同志們：

現(xiàn)在，我代表第十七屆中央委員會向大會作報告。

Comrades，I now wish to deliver the following report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China on behalf of the Seventeenth Party Central Committee.中國共產(chǎn)黨第十八次全國代表大會，是在我國進(jìn)入全面建成小康社會決定性階段召開的一次十分重要的大會。大會的主題是：高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo)，解放思想，改革開放，凝聚力量，攻堅克難，堅定不移沿著中國特色社會主義道路前進(jìn)，為全面建成小康社會而奮斗。

The Eighteenth National Congress is one of great importance being held when China has entered the decisive stage of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.The underlying theme of the congress is to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development, free up the mind, implement the policy of reform and opening up, pool our strength, overcome all difficulties, firmly march on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and strive to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.此時此刻，我們有一個共同的感覺：經(jīng)過九十多年艱苦奮斗，我們黨團(tuán)結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民，把貧窮落后的舊中國變成日益走向繁榮富強(qiáng)的新中國，中華民族偉大復(fù)興展現(xiàn)出光明前景。我們對黨和人民創(chuàng)造的歷史偉業(yè)倍加自豪，對黨和人民確立的理想信念倍加堅定，對黨肩負(fù)的歷史責(zé)任倍加清醒。

At this moment when I address you, we are convinced that thanks to over 90 years of hard

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struggle, our Party has rallied and led the people of all ethnic groups of the country in turning the poor and backward old China into an increasingly prosperous and powerful new China and opening up bright prospects for the great renewal of the Chinese nation.We are all the more proud of the historic achievements of the Party and the people, we are all the more firm in the ideal and conviction of the Party and the people, and we are all the more aware of the historic responsibility of the Party.當(dāng)前，世情、國情、黨情繼續(xù)發(fā)生深刻變化，我們面臨的發(fā)展機(jī)遇和風(fēng)險挑戰(zhàn)前所未有。全黨一定要牢記人民信任和重托，更加奮發(fā)有為、兢兢業(yè)業(yè)地工作，繼續(xù)推動科學(xué)發(fā)展、促進(jìn)社會和諧，繼續(xù)改善人民生活、增進(jìn)人民福祉，完成時代賦予的光榮而艱巨的任務(wù)。

At present, as the global, national and our Party’s conditions continue to undergo profound changes, we are faced with unprecedented opportunities for development as well as risks and challenges unknown before.The whole Party must keep in mind the trust the people have placed in us and the great expectation they have of us.We must aim higher and work harder and continue to pursue development in a scientific way, promote social harmony, and improve the people’s lives so as to complete the glorious and arduous tasks bestowed on us by the times.一、過去五年的工作和十年的基本總結(jié)

I.Our Work in the Past Five Years and the Basic Experience We Have Gained in the Past Ten Years

十七大以來的五年，是我們在中國特色社會主義道路上奮勇前進(jìn)的五年，是我們經(jīng)受住各種困難和風(fēng)險考驗、奪取全面建設(shè)小康社會新勝利的五年。

Over the past five years since the Seventeenth Party Congress, we have marched boldly on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.During these five years, we have overcome numerous difficulties and risks and achieved new successes in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.十七大對推進(jìn)改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)、實現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會宏偉目標(biāo)作出全面部署。為貫徹十七大精神，中央先后召開七次全會，分別就深化行政管理體制改革、推進(jìn)農(nóng)村改革發(fā)展、加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)新形勢下黨的建設(shè)、制定“十二五”規(guī)劃、推進(jìn)文化改革發(fā)展等關(guān)系全局的重大問題作出決定和部署。五年來，我們勝利完成“十一五”規(guī)劃，順利實施“十二五”規(guī)劃，各方面工作都取得新的重大成就。

The Seventeenth Party Congress adopted a comprehensive plan for promoting reform and opening up and socialist modernization and attaining the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.To implement this decision of the Seventeenth Party Congress, the Central Committee has held seven plenary sessions, at which decisions were made and implementing steps adopted on the following issues of underlying importance: deepening reform of the administrative system, promoting rural reform and development, improving and strengthening Party building in a new environment, formulating the Twelfth Five-Year Plan and promoting reform and development

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of the cultural sector.During the past five years, we have fulfilled the goals of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and made good progress in implementing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and we have made new and major achievements in all fields of our work.經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。綜合國力大幅提升，二０一一年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達(dá)到四十七點三萬億元。財政收入大幅增加。農(nóng)業(yè)綜合生產(chǎn)能力提高，糧食連年增產(chǎn)。產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整取得新進(jìn)展，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施全面加強(qiáng)。城鎮(zhèn)化水平明顯提高，城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性增強(qiáng)。創(chuàng)新型國家建設(shè)成效顯著，載人航天、探月工程、載人深潛、超級計算機(jī)、高速鐵路等實現(xiàn)重大突破。生態(tài)文明建設(shè)扎實展開，資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境保護(hù)全面推進(jìn)。

The economy has developed steadily and rapidly.China’s overall national strength has grown considerably.The gross domestic product(GDP)reached 47.3 trillion yuan in 2011, and government revenue increased by a wide margin.The overall agricultural production capacity has increased and grain output has gone up year after year.Fresh progress has been made in adjusting the industrial structure, and the infrastructure has been extensively upgraded.Urbanization has been steadily advanced, and development between urban and rural areas and between regions has become better balanced.Notable progress has been made in making China an innovative country, and major breakthroughs have been made in manned spaceflights, the lunar exploration program, and in the development of a manned deep-sea submersible, supercomputers and high-speed railways.Solid steps have been taken to promote ecological progress, and comprehensive progress has been made in resource conservation and environmental protection.改革開放取得重大進(jìn)展。農(nóng)村綜合改革、集體林權(quán)制度改革、國有企業(yè)改革不斷深化，非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)健康發(fā)展?，F(xiàn)代市場體系和宏觀調(diào)控體系不斷健全，財稅、金融、價格、科技、教育、社會保障、醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生、事業(yè)單位等改革穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)。開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)達(dá)到新水平，進(jìn)出口總額躍居世界第二位。

Major progress has been registered in reform and opening up.China’s overall rural reform, the reform in tenure of collective forests and the reform of state-owned enterprises have been deepened, and the non-public sector of the economy has registered sound growth.The country’s modern market system and macro-regulatory system have been steadily improved, and its reform of finance and taxation, banking, prices, science and technology, education, social security, medicine and public health, and public institutions has progressed steadily.China’s open economy has reached a new level, and its import and export volume now ranks second in the world.人民生活水平顯著提高。改善民生力度不斷加大，城鄉(xiāng)就業(yè)持續(xù)擴(kuò)大，居民收入較快增長，家庭財產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定增加，衣食住行用條件明顯改善，城鄉(xiāng)最低生活保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和農(nóng)村扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大幅提升，企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金持續(xù)提高。

Living standards have been significantly improved.Efforts to improve the people’s wellbeing have been intensified;urban and rural employment has continued to increase;individual income has increased rapidly;household assets have grown steadily;people’s need for daily necessities such as clothing, food, housing and transportation is better met;subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents and the rural poverty line have been raised by a big margin;and basic

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pensions for enterprise retirees have increased continually.民主法制建設(shè)邁出新步伐。政治體制改革繼續(xù)推進(jìn)。實行城鄉(xiāng)按相同人口比例選舉人大代表?；鶎用裰鞑粩喟l(fā)展。中國特色社會主義法律體系形成，社會主義法治國家建設(shè)成績顯著。愛國統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線鞏固壯大。行政體制改革深化，司法體制和工作機(jī)制改革取得新進(jìn)展。

New strides have been made in developing democracy and the legal system.Further progress has been made in reforming the political structure.Urban and rural deputies to people’s congresses are now elected on the basis of the same population ratio.Community-level democracy has steadily developed.The socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics has been established, and notable achievements have been made in building a socialist country based on the rule of law.The patriotic united front has been consolidated and expanded.The reform of the administrative system has deepened, and further progress has been made in the reform of the judicial system and the work mechanisms of the judiciary.文化建設(shè)邁上新臺階。社會主義核心價值體系建設(shè)深入開展，文化體制改革全面推進(jìn)，公共文化服務(wù)體系建設(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展，文化產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展，文化創(chuàng)作生產(chǎn)更加繁榮，人民精神文化生活更加豐富多彩。全民健身和競技體育取得新成績。

Development of the cultural sector has reached a new stage.Intensive efforts have been made to promote core socialist values;comprehensive progress has been made in the reform of the cultural system;important headway has been made in providing public cultural services;the cultural industry has grown rapidly;cultural creation and production is flourishing;and people enjoy richer intellectual pursuits and cultural entertainment.New progress has been made in public fitness programs and competitive sports.社會建設(shè)取得新進(jìn)步。基本公共服務(wù)水平和均等化程度明顯提高。教育事業(yè)迅速發(fā)展，城鄉(xiāng)免費義務(wù)教育全面實現(xiàn)。社會保障體系建設(shè)成效顯著，城鄉(xiāng)基本養(yǎng)老保險制度全面建立，新型社會救助體系基本形成。全民醫(yī)?；緦崿F(xiàn)，城鄉(xiāng)基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度初步建立。保障性住房建設(shè)加快推進(jìn)。加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會管理，社會保持和諧穩(wěn)定。

Fresh progress has been made in social development.Basic public services have improved markedly, and access to them has become much more equitable.Education has developed rapidly, and free compulsory education is now available in all urban and rural areas.Marked progress has been made in developing the social security system;the basic old-age insurance system covering both the urban and rural population has been fully established, and a new type of social assistance system is taking shape.The whole population is now basically covered by medical insurance;the basic urban and rural healthcare systems are taking shape.Construction of low-income housing has been accelerated.We have strengthened and made innovations in social management and maintained social harmony and stability.國防和軍隊建設(shè)開創(chuàng)新局面。中國特色軍事變革取得重大成就，軍隊革命化現(xiàn)代化正規(guī)化建設(shè)協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)、全面加強(qiáng)，軍事斗爭準(zhǔn)備不斷深化，履行新世紀(jì)新階段歷史使命能力顯著增強(qiáng)，出色完成一系列急難險重任務(wù)。

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A new stage has been reached in efforts to strengthen national defense and the armed forces.Significant achievements have been made in the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics.Coordinated and all-around progress has been made in efforts to ensure the revolutionary nature of the armed forces and that they are modern and follow standard procedures in all operations.Military preparedness has been enhanced.The armed forces have greatly enhanced their capability of carrying out their historic mission in this new stage in the new century, and they have accomplished a host of urgent, difficult, dangerous and arduous tasks.港澳臺工作進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。香港、澳門保持繁榮穩(wěn)定，同內(nèi)地交流合作提高到新水平。推動兩岸關(guān)系實現(xiàn)重大轉(zhuǎn)折，實現(xiàn)兩岸全面直接雙向“三通”，簽署實施兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)合作框架協(xié)議，形成兩岸全方位交往格局，開創(chuàng)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展新局面。

Work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan affairs has been further strengthened.Hong Kong and Macao have remained prosperous and stable, and their exchanges and cooperation with the mainland have reached a new stage.We have achieved a major transition in the relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits, with direct and two-way links of mail service, transport and trade fully established, and the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement between them has been signed for implementation.All this has promoted extensive mutual contacts and ushered in a new stage of peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations.外交工作取得新成就。堅定維護(hù)國家利益和我國公民、法人在海外合法權(quán)益，加強(qiáng)同世界各國交流合作，推動全球治理機(jī)制變革，積極促進(jìn)世界和平與發(fā)展，在國際事務(wù)中的代表性和話語權(quán)進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)，為改革發(fā)展?fàn)幦×擞欣麌H環(huán)境。

New progress has been made in China’s diplomacy.We have staunchly protected China’s interests and the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese nationals and legal persons overseas.We have increased exchanges and cooperation with other countries.We have promoted reform in global governance, enhanced world peace and development, secured more representation and a greater say for China in international affairs, and created favorable international conditions for China’s reform and development.黨的建設(shè)全面加強(qiáng)。黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)和先進(jìn)性建設(shè)繼續(xù)推進(jìn)，思想理論建設(shè)成效明顯，學(xué)習(xí)實踐科學(xué)發(fā)展觀活動取得重要成果，黨的建設(shè)改革創(chuàng)新邁出重要步伐。黨內(nèi)民主進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。干部隊伍建設(shè)取得重要進(jìn)展，人才工作開創(chuàng)新局面。創(chuàng)先爭優(yōu)活動和學(xué)習(xí)型黨組織建設(shè)深入進(jìn)行，基層黨組織不斷加強(qiáng)。黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭取得新成效。

All-around progress has been made in Party building.Further progress has been registered in strengthening the Party’s governance capacity and its advanced nature.Notable results have been achieved in strengthening the Party theoretically.Significant achievements have been made in studying and applying the Scientific Outlook on Development.Major progress has been made in conducting reform and innovation in Party building.Intra-Party democracy has been further expanded.Major progress has also been made in strengthening the ranks of Party officials;and new progress has been registered in managing qualified professionals.We have intensified

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activities to encourage Party members and organizations to excel in their work and to build learning Party organizations.Community-level Party organizations have been strengthened.New progress has been made in improving Party conduct, promoting integrity and combating corruption.同時，必須清醒看到，我們工作中還存在許多不足，前進(jìn)道路上還有不少困難和問題。主要是：發(fā)展中不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)問題依然突出，科技創(chuàng)新能力不強(qiáng)，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)依然薄弱，資源環(huán)境約束加劇，制約科學(xué)發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制障礙較多，深化改革開放和轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式任務(wù)艱巨；城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展差距和居民收入分配差距依然較大；社會矛盾明顯增多，教育、就業(yè)、社會保障、醫(yī)療、住房、生態(tài)環(huán)境、食品藥品安全、安全生產(chǎn)、社會治安、執(zhí)法司法等關(guān)系群眾切身利益的問題較多，部分群眾生活比較困難；一些領(lǐng)域存在道德失范、誠信缺失現(xiàn)象；一些干部領(lǐng)導(dǎo)科學(xué)發(fā)展能力不強(qiáng)，一些基層黨組織軟弱渙散，少數(shù)黨員干部理想信念動搖、宗旨意識淡薄，形式主義、官僚主義問題突出，奢侈浪費現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重；一些領(lǐng)域消極腐敗現(xiàn)象易發(fā)多發(fā)，反腐敗斗爭形勢依然嚴(yán)峻。對這些困難和問題，我們必須高度重視，進(jìn)一步認(rèn)真加以解決。

On the other hand, we must be keenly aware that there is still much room for improvement in our work and there are a lot of difficulties and problems on our road ahead.They include the following: Unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable development remains a big problem.The capacity for scientific and technological innovation is weak.The industrial structure is unbalanced.Agricultural infrastructure remains weak.Resource and environmental constraints have become more serious.Many systemic barriers stand in the way of promoting development in a scientific way.The tasks of deepening reform and opening up and changing the growth model remain arduous.The development gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is still large, and so are income disparities.Social problems have increased markedly.There are many problems affecting people’s immediate interests in education, employment, social security, healthcare, housing, the ecological environment, food and drug safety, workplace safety, public security, law enforcement, administration of justice, etc.Some people still lead hard lives.There is a lack of ethics and integrity in some fields of endeavor.Some officials are not competent to pursue development in a scientific way.Some community-level Party organizations are weak and lax.A small number of Party members and officials waver in the Party’s ideal and conviction and are not fully aware of its purpose.Going through formalities and bureaucratism as well as extravagance and waste are serious problems.Some sectors are prone to corruption and other misconduct, and the fight against corruption remains a serious challenge for us.We must take these difficulties and problems very seriously and work harder to resolve them.過去五年的工作，是十六大以來全面建設(shè)小康社會十年實踐的重要組成部分。

Our work in the past five years is an important part of our endeavor to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the past ten years since the Sixteenth National Congress of the Party.這十年，我們緊緊抓住和用好我國發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，戰(zhàn)勝一系列重大挑戰(zhàn)，奮力把中國特色社會主義推進(jìn)到新的發(fā)展階段。進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)新階段，國際局勢風(fēng)云變幻，綜合國力競 6

@CATTI考試資料與資訊

爭空前激烈，我們深化改革開放，加快發(fā)展步伐，以加入世界貿(mào)易組織為契機(jī)，變壓力為動力，化挑戰(zhàn)為機(jī)遇，堅定不移推進(jìn)全面建設(shè)小康社會進(jìn)程。前進(jìn)過程中，我們戰(zhàn)勝突如其來的非典疫情，認(rèn)真總結(jié)我國發(fā)展實踐，準(zhǔn)確把握我國發(fā)展的階段性特征，及時提出和全面貫徹科學(xué)發(fā)展觀等重大戰(zhàn)略思想，開拓了經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的廣闊空間。二００八年以后，國際金融危機(jī)使我國發(fā)展遭遇嚴(yán)重困難，我們科學(xué)判斷、果斷決策，采取一系列重大舉措，在全球率先實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)企穩(wěn)回升，積累了有效應(yīng)對外部經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險沖擊、保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的重要經(jīng)驗。我們成功舉辦北京奧運會、殘奧會和上海世博會，奪取抗擊汶川特大地震等嚴(yán)重自然災(zāi)害和災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建重大勝利，妥善處置一系列重大突發(fā)事件。在十分復(fù)雜的國內(nèi)外形勢下，黨和人民經(jīng)受住嚴(yán)峻考驗，鞏固和發(fā)展了改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)大局，提高了我國國際地位，彰顯了中國特色社會主義的巨大優(yōu)越性和強(qiáng)大生命力，增強(qiáng)了中國人民和中華民族的自豪感和凝聚力。

During these ten years, we have seized and made the most of the important period of strategic opportunities for China’s development, successfully met major challenges and brought socialism with Chinese characteristics to a new stage of development.Facing a volatile global environment and fierce competition in overall national strength unseen before in this new stage in the new century, we have deepened reform and opening up and accelerated development.We took China’s accession to the World Trade Organization as an opportunity to turn pressure into motivation and turn challenges into opportunities, and we have forged ahead in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.While we were on the way, we overcame the unexpected outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS).On the basis of reviewing China’s development practices, we gained a good understanding of the essential features of its development in the current stage, set forth in a timely way major strategic thinking including the Scientific Outlook on Development, and have fully applied it, and thus greatly expanded the space for economic and social development.After 2008, the global financial crisis caused acute difficulties to China’s development.By making resolute decisions and taking major countermeasures on the basis of sizing up the overall development in a scientific way, we made China’s economy the first in the world to make a turnaround, and we have gained important experience in effectively defusing external economic risks and maintaining steady and robust growth.We successfully hosted the Games of the XXIX Olympiad and the XIII Paralympic Games in Beijing and the World Expo in Shanghai.We won great victories in responding to the massive Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province and other natural disasters and in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction and settled major emergencies.Bracing ourselves against complex domestic and international developments, our Party and people have stood severe tests, consolidated and developed the cause of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, and raised China’s international standing.All this shows the superiority and vitality of socialism with Chinese characteristics and has enhanced the pride and cohesiveness of the Chinese people and nation.十年來，我們?nèi)〉靡幌盗行碌臍v史性成就，為全面建成小康社會打下了堅實基礎(chǔ)。我國經(jīng)濟(jì)總量從世界第六位躍升到第二位，社會生產(chǎn)力、經(jīng)濟(jì)實力、科技實力邁上一個大臺階，人民生活水平、居民收入水平、社會保障水平邁上一個大臺階，綜合國力、國際競爭力、國際影響力邁上一個大臺階，國家面貌發(fā)生新的歷史性變化。人們公認(rèn)，這是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)發(fā)展、民主不斷健全、文化日益繁榮、社會保持穩(wěn)定的時期，是著力保障和改善民生、人民得到實惠更多的時期。我們能取得這樣的歷史性成就，靠的是黨的基本理論、基本路線、基本綱領(lǐng)、7

@CATTI考試資料與資訊

基本經(jīng)驗的正確指引，靠的是新中國成立以來特別是改革開放以來奠定的深厚基礎(chǔ)，靠的是全黨全國各族人民的團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗。

Over the past ten years, we have achieved new historic successes and laid a solid foundation for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.China’s economy has risen from the sixth to the second place in the world.The country has undergone new historic changes: Its productive forces and economic, scientific and technological strength have increased considerably, the people’s living standards, individual income and social security have improved significantly, and its overall national strength and international competitiveness and influence have been enhanced substantially.During this period, China has seen continuous economic development, steady improvement in democracy, and increasing cultural prosperity and social stability, and we have worked hard to ensure and improve the people’s wellbeing and brought them more benefits than ever before.And all this is widely recognized.These historic successes are attributable to the correct guidance of the Party’s basic theory, line, program and experience;they have been achieved on the firm foundation laid since the founding of New China in 1949 and particularly since the adoption of the policy of reform and opening up in 1978;and they are the fruits of the united efforts of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China.在這里，我代表中共中央，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界愛國人士，向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞和臺灣同胞以及廣大僑胞，向一切關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國朋友，表示衷心的感謝！

Here, on behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, I wish to express our heartfelt thanks to the people of all ethnic groups in China, to the democratic parties, people’s organizations and patriots from all walks of life, to our compatriots in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese, and to our foreign friends who view favorably and support China’s modernization drive.總結(jié)十年奮斗歷程，最重要的就是我們堅持以馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，勇于推進(jìn)實踐基礎(chǔ)上的理論創(chuàng)新，圍繞堅持和發(fā)展中國特色社會主義提出一系列緊密相連、相互貫通的新思想、新觀點、新論斷，形成和貫徹了科學(xué)發(fā)展觀。科學(xué)發(fā)展觀是馬克思主義同當(dāng)代中國實際和時代特征相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，是馬克思主義關(guān)于發(fā)展的世界觀和方法論的集中體現(xiàn)，對新形勢下實現(xiàn)什么樣的發(fā)展、怎樣發(fā)展等重大問題作出了新的科學(xué)回答，把我們對中國特色社會主義規(guī)律的認(rèn)識提高到新的水平，開辟了當(dāng)代中國馬克思主義發(fā)展新境界?？茖W(xué)發(fā)展觀是中國特色社會主義理論體系最新成果，是中國共產(chǎn)黨集體智慧的結(jié)晶，是指導(dǎo)黨和國家全部工作的強(qiáng)大思想武器?？茖W(xué)發(fā)展觀同馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想一道，是黨必須長期堅持的指導(dǎo)思想。

The most important achievement in our endeavors in the past ten years is that we have formed the Scientific Outlook on Development and put it into practice by following the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and by making courageous theoretical innovations on the basis of practices and developing closely interconnected new ideas and viewpoints on upholding and building socialism

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with Chinese characteristics.The Scientific Outlook on Development was created by integrating Marxism with the reality of contemporary China and with the underlying features of our times, and it fully embodies the Marxist worldview on and methodology for development.This theory provides new scientific answers to the major questions of what kind of development China should achieve in a new environment and how the country should achieve it.It represents a new level of our understanding of the laws of socialism with Chinese characteristics and reaches a new realm in the development of Marxism in contemporary China.The Scientific Outlook on Development is the latest achievement in developing the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and it is the crystallization of the collective wisdom of the Communist Party of China and a powerful theoretical weapon for guiding all the work of the Party and country.Together with Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development is the theoretical guidance the Party must adhere to for a long time.面向未來，深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，對堅持和發(fā)展中國特色社會主義具有重大現(xiàn)實意義和深遠(yuǎn)歷史意義，必須把科學(xué)發(fā)展觀貫徹到我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)全過程、體現(xiàn)到黨的建設(shè)各方面。全黨必須更加自覺地把推動經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展作為深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的第一要義，牢牢扭住經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)這個中心，堅持聚精會神搞建設(shè)、一心一意謀發(fā)展，著力把握發(fā)展規(guī)律、創(chuàng)新發(fā)展理念、破解發(fā)展難題，深入實施科教興國戰(zhàn)略、人才強(qiáng)國戰(zhàn)略、可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，加快形成符合科學(xué)發(fā)展要求的發(fā)展方式和體制機(jī)制，不斷解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力，不斷實現(xiàn)科學(xué)發(fā)展、和諧發(fā)展、和平發(fā)展，為堅持和發(fā)展中國特色社會主義打下牢固基礎(chǔ)。必須更加自覺地把以人為本作為深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的核心立場，始終把實現(xiàn)好、維護(hù)好、發(fā)展好最廣大人民根本利益作為黨和國家一切工作的出發(fā)點和落腳點，尊重人民首創(chuàng)精神，保障人民各項權(quán)益，不斷在實現(xiàn)發(fā)展成果由人民共享、促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展上取得新成效。必須更加自覺地把全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)作為深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的基本要求，全面落實經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)、生態(tài)文明建設(shè)五位一體總體布局，促進(jìn)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)各方面相協(xié)調(diào)，促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)關(guān)系與生產(chǎn)力、上層建筑與經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)相協(xié)調(diào)，不斷開拓生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活富裕、生態(tài)良好的文明發(fā)展道路。必須更加自覺地把統(tǒng)籌兼顧作為深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的根本方法，堅持一切從實際出發(fā)，正確認(rèn)識和妥善處理中國特色社會主義事業(yè)中的重大關(guān)系，統(tǒng)籌改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定、內(nèi)政外交國防、治黨治國治軍各方面工作，統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展、區(qū)域發(fā)展、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展、人與自然和諧發(fā)展、國內(nèi)發(fā)展和對外開放，統(tǒng)籌各方面利益關(guān)系，充分調(diào)動各方面積極性，努力形成全體人民各盡其能、各得其所而又和諧相處的局面。

As we advance toward the future, thoroughly applying the Scientific Outlook on Development is of major immediate significance and far-reaching historical significance for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must apply it throughout the course of modernization and to every aspect of Party building.The whole Party must more purposefully make promoting economic and social development the top priority in applying the Scientific Outlook on Development.We must pursue economic development as the central task and concentrate on it with every determination.We should master the laws of development, develop new thinking on development and solve problems hindering development.We must implement the strategies for making China strong by developing science and education and training competent personnel and the strategy for pursuing sustainable

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development.We must step up efforts to create development models as well as institutions and mechanisms that facilitate development in a scientific way.We must continue to release and develop the productive forces and promote scientific, harmonious and peaceful development so as to lay a solid foundation for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.The whole Party must more purposefully take putting people first as the core requirement for thoroughly applying the Scientific Outlook on Development.We must always make realizing, safeguarding and developing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people the starting point and goal of all the work of the Party and country.We must respect the people’s creativity, protect their rights and interests, and make continued progress in enabling the people to share in the fruits of development and in promoting well-rounded development of the person.The whole Party must more purposefully make pursuing comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development the basic requirement for applying the Scientific Outlook on Development.We must fully implement the overall plan for promoting economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress, ensure coordinated progress in all areas of endeavors in the modernization drive, balance the relations of production with the productive forces as well as the superstructure with the economic base, and continue to expand the path of development that leads to increased production, prosperity and a good ecosystem.The whole Party must more purposefully take the holistic approach as the fundamental way of thoroughly applying the Scientific Outlook on Development.We must base ourselves on reality in everything we do, gain a full understanding of the major issues in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and handle them properly.We must take a holistic approach to our work relating to reform, development and stability, to domestic and foreign affairs as well as national defense, and to running the Party, the country and the military.We must coordinate urban and rural development, development between regions, economic and social development, relations between man and nature, and domestic development and opening to the outside world.We must balance the interests of all parties and keep them fully motivated so that all people do their best, find their proper places in society and live in harmony.解放思想、實事求是、與時俱進(jìn)、求真務(wù)實，是科學(xué)發(fā)展觀最鮮明的精神實質(zhì)。實踐發(fā)展永無止境，認(rèn)識真理永無止境，理論創(chuàng)新永無止境。全黨一定要勇于實踐、勇于變革、勇于創(chuàng)新，把握時代發(fā)展要求，順應(yīng)人民共同愿望，不懈探索和把握中國特色社會主義規(guī)律，永葆黨的生機(jī)活力，永葆國家發(fā)展動力，在黨和人民創(chuàng)造性實踐中奮力開拓中國特色社會主義更為廣闊的發(fā)展前景。

Freeing up the mind, seeking truth from facts, keeping up with the times and being realistic and pragmatic – these are the salient features of the Scientific Outlook on Development.There is no end to practice, to seeking truth, or to making theoretical innovations.The whole Party must boldly engage in practice and make changes and innovations.We must respond to the call of the times, follow the aspirations of the people and explore and master the laws of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must ensure that the Party is always full of vigor and that China always has the driving force for development.By doing so, we will open up a bright future for

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developing socialism with Chinese characteristics through the creative practices of the Party and the people.二、奪取中國特色社會主義新勝利

II.Achieving New Victory for Socialism with Chinese Characteristics 回首近代以來中國波瀾壯闊的歷史，展望中華民族充滿希望的未來，我們得出一個堅定的結(jié)論：全面建成小康社會，加快推進(jìn)社會主義現(xiàn)代化，實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興，必須堅定不移走中國特色社會主義道路。

Looking back at China’s eventful modern history and looking to the promising future of the Chinese nation, we have drawn this definite conclusion: We must unswervingly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics in order to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, accelerate socialist modernization, and achieve the great renewal of the Chinese nation.道路關(guān)乎黨的命脈，關(guān)乎國家前途、民族命運、人民幸福。在中國這樣一個經(jīng)濟(jì)文化十分落后的國家探索民族復(fù)興道路，是極為艱巨的任務(wù)。九十多年來，我們黨緊緊依靠人民，把馬克思主義基本原理同中國實際和時代特征結(jié)合起來，獨立自主走自己的路，歷經(jīng)千辛萬苦，付出各種代價，取得革命建設(shè)改革偉大勝利，開創(chuàng)和發(fā)展了中國特色社會主義，從根本上改變了中國人民和中華民族的前途命運。

The issue of what path we take is of vital importance for the survival of the Party, the future of China, the destiny of the Chinese nation, and the wellbeing of the people.Exploring a path to national renewal in China that was economically and culturally backward is an extremely arduous task.Over the past 90-plus years, relying firmly on the people and adapting the basic tenets of Marxism to China’s conditions and the underlying trend of the times, our Party has pursued its own course independently.It has, enduring untold hardships and sufferings and paying various costs, achieved great success in revolution, development and reform, and created and developed socialism with Chinese characteristics, thus fundamentally changing the future and destiny of the Chinese people and nation.以毛澤東同志為核心的黨的第一代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民完成了新民主主義革命，進(jìn)行了社會主義改造，確立了社會主義基本制度，成功實現(xiàn)了中國歷史上最深刻最偉大的社會變革，為當(dāng)代中國一切發(fā)展進(jìn)步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基礎(chǔ)。在探索過程中，雖然經(jīng)歷了嚴(yán)重曲折，但黨在社會主義建設(shè)中取得的獨創(chuàng)性理論成果和巨大成就，為新的歷史時期開創(chuàng)中國特色社會主義提供了寶貴經(jīng)驗、理論準(zhǔn)備、物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。The Party’s first generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Mao Zedong at the core led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China in completing the new-democratic revolution, carrying out socialist transformation and establishing the basic system of socialism, thereby accomplishing the most profound and the greatest social transformation in China’s history.This created the fundamental political prerequisite and systemic foundation for development and progress in contemporary China.In the course of socialist development, the Party developed distinctively creative theories and made tremendous successes despite serious setbacks it went through, thus providing invaluable experience as well as the theoretical and material basis for launching the great initiative of building socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new historical period.以鄧小平同志為核心的黨的第二代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民深刻總結(jié)我國社會主義建設(shè)正反兩方面經(jīng)驗，借鑒世界社會主義歷史經(jīng)驗，作出把黨和國家工作中心轉(zhuǎn)移到經(jīng) 11

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濟(jì)建設(shè)上來、實行改革開放的歷史性決策，深刻揭示社會主義本質(zhì)，確立社會主義初級階段基本路線，明確提出走自己的路、建設(shè)中國特色社會主義，科學(xué)回答了建設(shè)中國特色社會主義的一系列基本問題，成功開創(chuàng)了中國特色社會主義。

The Party’s second generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Deng Xiaoping at the core led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China in conducting a thorough review of China’s experiences in building socialism, both positive and negative.On this basis and drawing on the experience of world socialism, they made the historic decision to shift the focus of the Party and country’s work to economic development and to pursue the policy of reform and opening up.They gained a keen appreciation of the underlying goal of socialism and established the Party’s basic line for the primary stage of socialism.They called for taking our own road and building socialism with Chinese characteristics and provided scientific answers to basic questions in this regard.On this basis, the great initiative of building socialism with Chinese characteristics was successfully launched.以江澤民同志為核心的黨的第三代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民堅持黨的基本理論、基本路線，在國內(nèi)外形勢十分復(fù)雜、世界社會主義出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重曲折的嚴(yán)峻考驗面前捍衛(wèi)了中國特色社會主義，依據(jù)新的實踐確立了黨的基本綱領(lǐng)、基本經(jīng)驗，確立了社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的改革目標(biāo)和基本框架，確立了社會主義初級階段的基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度和分配制度，開創(chuàng)全面改革開放新局面，推進(jìn)黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程，成功把中國特色社會主義推向二十一世紀(jì)。The Party’s third generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Jiang Zemin at the core led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China in adhering to the Party’s basic theory and line.Standing the severe tests posed by complex domestic and international developments and major setbacks in world socialism, they upheld socialism with Chinese characteristics.Based on China’s new realities, they reaffirmed the Party’s basic program and its basic experience, set the goal of reform and developed a basic framework for achieving this goal, namely, developing a socialist market economy.They reaffirmed the basic economic system and the system of income distribution in the primary stage of socialism, ushered in a new phase in carrying out all-around reform and opening up, and pressed ahead with the great new undertaking of Party building, thus advancing socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century.新世紀(jì)新階段，黨中央抓住重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，在全面建設(shè)小康社會進(jìn)程中推進(jìn)實踐創(chuàng)新、理論創(chuàng)新、制度創(chuàng)新，強(qiáng)調(diào)堅持以人為本、全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展，提出構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會、加快生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，形成中國特色社會主義事業(yè)總體布局，著力保障和改善民生，促進(jìn)社會公平正義，推動建設(shè)和諧世界，推進(jìn)黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)和先進(jìn)性建設(shè)，成功在新的歷史起點上堅持和發(fā)展了中國特色社會主義。

In the new stage in the new century, the Party Central Committee has seized this important period of strategic opportunities and promoted innovation in practice, theory and institutional building in the course of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We have emphasized the need to put people first and to pursue comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development;we have called for building a harmonious socialist society and speeding up ecological progress, and we have adopted overall implementing steps for advancing the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We have strived to ensure and improve the people’s wellbeing, promoted social fairness and justice, worked to build a harmonious world, and strengthened the Party’s governance capacity and advanced nature.We have thus upheld and developed socialism with Chinese characteristics from a new historical starting point.在改革開放三十多年一以貫之的接力探索中，我們堅定不移高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗 12

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幟，既不走封閉僵化的老路、也不走改旗易幟的邪路。中國特色社會主義道路，中國特色社會主義理論體系，中國特色社會主義制度，是黨和人民九十多年奮斗、創(chuàng)造、積累的根本成就，必須倍加珍惜、始終堅持、不斷發(fā)展。

Throughout the past 30-plus years of continuous exploration for reform and opening up, we have held high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics and rejected both the old and rigid closed-door policy and any attempt to abandon socialism and take an erroneous path.The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the socialist system with Chinese characteristics are the fundamental accomplishments made by the Party and people in the course of arduous struggle over the past 90-plus years.We must cherish these accomplishments, uphold them all the time and continue to enrich them.中國特色社會主義道路，就是在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，立足基本國情，以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，堅持四項基本原則，堅持改革開放，解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力，建設(shè)社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會主義民主政治、社會主義先進(jìn)文化、社會主義和諧社會、社會主義生態(tài)文明，促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展，逐步實現(xiàn)全體人民共同富裕，建設(shè)富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家。中國特色社會主義理論體系，就是包括鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀在內(nèi)的科學(xué)理論體系，是對馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想的堅持和發(fā)展。中國特色社會主義制度，就是人民代表大會制度的根本政治制度，中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度、民族區(qū)域自治制度以及基層群眾自治制度等基本政治制度，中國特色社會主義法律體系，公有制為主體、多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展的基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度，以及建立在這些制度基礎(chǔ)上的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制、政治體制、文化體制、社會體制等各項具體制度。中國特色社會主義道路是實現(xiàn)途徑，中國特色社會主義理論體系是行動指南，中國特色社會主義制度是根本保障，三者統(tǒng)一于中國特色社會主義偉大實踐，這是黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民在建設(shè)社會主義長期實踐中形成的最鮮明特色。

Taking the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics means we must, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and basing ourselves on China’s realities, take economic development as the central task and adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles and the policy of reform and opening up.It means we must release and develop the productive forces, develop the socialist market economy, socialist democracy, an advanced socialist culture and a harmonious socialist society, and promote socialist ecological progress.It also means we must promote well-rounded development of the person, achieve prosperity for all over time, and make China a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious.The system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a system of scientific theories that includes Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development, and this system represents the Party’s adherence to and development of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought.The socialist system with Chinese characteristics includes the following: the fundamental political system – the system of people’s congresses;the basic political systems – the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of community-level self-governance;the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics;the basic economic system in which public ownership is the mainstay and economic entities of diverse ownership develop together;and the specific economic, political, cultural, and social institutions based on these systems.The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the way to reach the goal, the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics offers a guide to action, and the socialist system with Chinese

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characteristics provides the fundamental guarantee.The three function as an integral whole in the great practice of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, and this is the salient feature of the long-term endeavors of the Communist Party of China leading the people in building socialism.建設(shè)中國特色社會主義，總依據(jù)是社會主義初級階段，總布局是五位一體，總?cè)蝿?wù)是實現(xiàn)社會主義現(xiàn)代化和中華民族偉大復(fù)興。中國特色社會主義，既堅持了科學(xué)社會主義基本原則，又根據(jù)時代條件賦予其鮮明的中國特色，以全新的視野深化了對共產(chǎn)黨執(zhí)政規(guī)律、社會主義建設(shè)規(guī)律、人類社會發(fā)展規(guī)律的認(rèn)識，從理論和實踐結(jié)合上系統(tǒng)回答了在中國這樣人口多底子薄的東方大國建設(shè)什么樣的社會主義、怎樣建設(shè)社會主義這個根本問題，使我們國家快速發(fā)展起來，使我國人民生活水平快速提高起來。實踐充分證明，中國特色社會主義是當(dāng)代中國發(fā)展進(jìn)步的根本方向，只有中國特色社會主義才能發(fā)展中國。

In building socialism with Chinese characteristics, we base ourselves on the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism.Our overall approach is to promote economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress, and our general task is to achieve socialist modernization and the great renewal of the Chinese nation.Socialism with Chinese characteristics both upholds the basic principles of scientific socialism and has distinctive Chinese features that reflect contemporary conditions.It offers from new perspectives a deeper understanding of the laws of governance by the Communist Party, laws of building socialism, and laws of the development of human society.By integrating theory with practice, it has systematically addressed the fundamental questions of what kind of socialism we should build and how we should build it in China, a big country in the East with a huge population and a weak economy to start with.Socialism with Chinese characteristics has brought about fast development and rising living standards in China.This fully shows that socialism with Chinese characteristics is what we must pursue if we are to achieve development and make progress in contemporary China and that only socialism with Chinese characteristics can enable China to develop itself.發(fā)展中國特色社會主義是一項長期的艱巨的歷史任務(wù)，必須準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)行具有許多新的歷史特點的偉大斗爭。我們一定要毫不動搖堅持、與時俱進(jìn)發(fā)展中國特色社會主義，不斷豐富中國特色社會主義的實踐特色、理論特色、民族特色、時代特色。

Developing socialism with Chinese characteristics is a long-term arduous task of historic importance, and we must be prepared to carry out a great struggle with many new historical features.We must unswervingly adhere to socialism with Chinese characteristics, develop it as required by the times, constantly enrich it in both practice and theory and enhance its distinctive national features in keeping up with the times.在新的歷史條件下奪取中國特色社會主義新勝利，必須牢牢把握以下基本要求，并使之成為全黨全國各族人民的共同信念。

To achieve new victory for socialism with Chinese characteristics under new historical conditions, we must have a firm grasp of the following basic requirements and make them shared convictions of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China.——必須堅持人民主體地位。中國特色社會主義是億萬人民自己的事業(yè)。要發(fā)揮人民主人翁精神，堅持依法治國這個黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民治理國家的基本方略，最廣泛地動員和組織人民依法管理國家事務(wù)和社會事務(wù)、管理經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化事業(yè)、積極投身社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，更好保障人民權(quán)益，更好保證人民當(dāng)家作主。

– We must maintain the people’s principal position in the country.Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a cause for the people in their hundreds of millions.We should ensure that the

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people are the masters of the country and we should uphold the rule of law as a fundamental principle by which the Party leads the people in running the country.We should mobilize and organize as many people as possible to manage state and social affairs as well as the economy and cultural programs in accordance with the law and to devote themselves to socialist modernization, and we should better protect the people’s rights and interests and ensure that the people determine their own destiny.——必須堅持解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力。解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力是中國特色社會主義的根本任務(wù)。要堅持以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，以科學(xué)發(fā)展為主題，全面推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)、生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，實現(xiàn)以人為本、全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)的科學(xué)發(fā)展。

– We must continue to release and develop the productive forces.This is the fundamental task of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should take economic development as the central task and pursuing development in a scientific way as the underlying guideline, advance in an all-around way economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and achieve in a scientific way development that puts people first and is comprehensive, balanced and sustainable.——必須堅持推進(jìn)改革開放。改革開放是堅持和發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的必由之路。要始終把改革創(chuàng)新精神貫徹到治國理政各個環(huán)節(jié)，堅持社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的改革方向，堅持對外開放的基本國策，不斷推進(jìn)理論創(chuàng)新、制度創(chuàng)新、科技創(chuàng)新、文化創(chuàng)新以及其他各方面創(chuàng)新，不斷推進(jìn)我國社會主義制度自我完善和發(fā)展。

– We must persevere in reform and opening up.Reform and opening up are crucial to adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should always apply the spirit of reform and innovation to all aspects of governance, keep improving the socialist market economy, adhere to the basic state policy of opening to the outside world, continue to make innovations in theory, in institutions, in science and technology, in culture and in other fields, and continuously promote the self-improvement and self-development of China’s socialist system.——必須堅持維護(hù)社會公平正義。公平正義是中國特色社會主義的內(nèi)在要求。要在全體人民共同奮斗、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上，加緊建設(shè)對保障社會公平正義具有重大作用的制度，逐步建立以權(quán)利公平、機(jī)會公平、規(guī)則公平為主要內(nèi)容的社會公平保障體系，努力營造公平的社會環(huán)境，保證人民平等參與、平等發(fā)展權(quán)利。

– We must safeguard social fairness and justice.Fairness and justice are inherent requirements of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must, relying on the concerted efforts of all the Chinese people and based on economic and social development, step up efforts to develop institutions that are vital to ensuring social fairness and justice;establish in due course a system for guaranteeing fairness in society featuring, among other things, equal rights, equal opportunities and fair rules for all;and foster a fair social environment and ensure people’s equal right to participation in governance and to development.——必須堅持走共同富裕道路。共同富裕是中國特色社會主義的根本原則。要堅持社會主義基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度和分配制度，調(diào)整國民收入分配格局，加大再分配調(diào)節(jié)力度，著力解決收入分配差距較大問題，使發(fā)展成果更多更公平惠及全體人民，朝著共同富裕方向穩(wěn)步前進(jìn)。– We must strive for common prosperity.This is the fundamental principle of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should adhere to the basic socialist economic system and the socialist income distribution system.We should adjust the pattern of national income distribution, tighten its regulation by secondary distribution and work hard to narrow income gaps so that all the people can share in more fruits of development in a fair way and move steadily toward common prosperity.@CATTI考試資料與資訊

——必須堅持促進(jìn)社會和諧。社會和諧是中國特色社會主義的本質(zhì)屬性。要把保障和改善民生放在更加突出的位置，加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會管理，正確處理改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定關(guān)系，團(tuán)結(jié)一切可以團(tuán)結(jié)的力量，最大限度增加和諧因素，增強(qiáng)社會創(chuàng)造活力，確保人民安居樂業(yè)、社會安定有序、國家長治久安。

– We must promote social harmony.Social harmony is an inherent attribute of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should give higher priority to ensuring and improving the people’s wellbeing, strengthen and conduct social management in an innovative way, strike a balance between reform, development and stability, rally all the forces that can be rallied, maximize factors conducive to harmony and increase the creative vitality of society.We should ensure that the people live and work in contentment, society is stable and orderly, and the country enjoys enduring peace and stability.——必須堅持和平發(fā)展。和平發(fā)展是中國特色社會主義的必然選擇。要堅持開放的發(fā)展、合作的發(fā)展、共贏的發(fā)展，通過爭取和平國際環(huán)境發(fā)展自己，又以自身發(fā)展維護(hù)和促進(jìn)世界和平，擴(kuò)大同各方利益匯合點，推動建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。

– We must pursue peaceful development.Peaceful development is the sure choice of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should pursue development through opening up and cooperation to benefit all.We should develop ourselves by securing a peaceful international environment and uphold and promote world peace through our own development.We should expand common interests with all others and work to build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.——必須堅持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。中國共產(chǎn)黨是中國特色社會主義事業(yè)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心。要堅持立黨為公、執(zhí)政為民，加強(qiáng)和改善黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，堅持黨總攬全局、協(xié)調(diào)各方的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心作用，保持黨的先進(jìn)性和純潔性，增強(qiáng)黨的創(chuàng)造力、凝聚力、戰(zhàn)斗力，提高黨科學(xué)執(zhí)政、民主執(zhí)政、依法執(zhí)政水平。

– We must uphold the leadership of the Party.The Communist Party of China is the leadership core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should uphold the principle that the Party was founded for the public good and that it exercises state power for the people, enhance and improve the Party’s leadership and ensure that the Party plays its role as the leadership core in exercising overall leadership and coordinating the efforts of all.We should maintain the Party’s advanced nature and purity, strengthen its creativity, cohesiveness and capability and enhance its capacity to govern in a scientific and democratic way and in accordance with the law.我們必須清醒認(rèn)識到，我國仍處于并將長期處于社會主義初級階段的基本國情沒有變，人民日益增長的物質(zhì)文化需要同落后的社會生產(chǎn)之間的矛盾這一社會主要矛盾沒有變，我國是世界最大發(fā)展中國家的國際地位沒有變。在任何情況下都要牢牢把握社會主義初級階段這個最大國情，推進(jìn)任何方面的改革發(fā)展都要牢牢立足社會主義初級階段這個最大實際。黨的基本路線是黨和國家的生命線，必須堅持把以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心同四項基本原則、改革開放這兩個基本點統(tǒng)一于中國特色社會主義偉大實踐，既不妄自菲薄，也不妄自尊大，扎扎實實奪取中國特色社會主義新勝利。

We must be soberly aware that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will long remain so.This basic condition of China has not changed;nor has the principal problem in our society, that is, how we can meet the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people with backward social production;nor has China’s international position as the largest developing country in the world.We must bear in mind under any circumstances the paramount reality that China remains in the primary stage of socialism and will long remain so and base ourselves on this

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reality in pursuing all of our endeavors of reform and development.The Party’s basic line is the lifeblood of the Party and country.We must adhere to the central task – economic development – and the two basic points – the Four Cardinal Principles and the policy of reform and opening up – in our great endeavor to develop socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should neither look down upon ourselves nor be arrogant.We must take solid steps to achieve new victory for socialism with Chinese characteristics.只要我們胸懷理想、堅定信念，不動搖、不懈怠、不折騰，頑強(qiáng)奮斗、艱苦奮斗、不懈奮斗，就一定能在中國共產(chǎn)黨成立一百年時全面建成小康社會，就一定能在新中國成立一百年時建成富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家。全黨要堅定這樣的道路自信、理論自信、制度自信！

As long as we remain true to our ideal, are firm in our conviction, never vacillate in or relax our efforts or act recklessly, and forge ahead with tenacity and resolve, we will surely complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects when the Communist Party of China celebrates its centenary and turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious when the People’s Republic of China marks its centennial.The whole Party should have every confidence in our path, in our theories and in our system.三、全面建成小康社會和全面深化改革開放的目標(biāo)

III.The Goal of Completing the Building of a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects and Deepening Reform and Opening Up in an All-Around Way 綜觀國際國內(nèi)大勢，我國發(fā)展仍處于可以大有作為的重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期。我們要準(zhǔn)確判斷重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期內(nèi)涵和條件的變化，全面把握機(jī)遇，沉著應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)，贏得主動，贏得優(yōu)勢，贏得未來，確保到二０二０年實現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會宏偉目標(biāo)。

An examination of both the current international and domestic environments shows that China remains in an important period of strategic opportunities for its development, a period in which much can be achieved.We need to have a correct understanding of the changing nature and conditions of this period, seize all opportunities, respond with cool-headedness to challenges, and gain initiative and advantages to win the future and attain the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020.根據(jù)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展實際，要在十六大、十七大確立的全面建設(shè)小康社會目標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)上努力實現(xiàn)新的要求。

Basing ourselves on China’s actual economic and social development, we must work hard to meet the following new requirements while working to fulfill the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects set forth at the Sixteenth and Seventeenth National Congresses of the Party.——經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式取得重大進(jìn)展，在發(fā)展平衡性、協(xié)調(diào)性、可持續(xù)性明顯增強(qiáng)的基礎(chǔ)上，實現(xiàn)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比二０一０年翻一番。科技進(jìn)步對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的貢獻(xiàn)率大幅上升，進(jìn)入創(chuàng)新型國家行列。工業(yè)化基本實現(xiàn)，信息化水平大幅提升，城鎮(zhèn)化質(zhì)量明顯提高，農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化和社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)成效顯著，區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展機(jī)制基本形成。對外開放水平進(jìn)一步提高，國際競爭力明顯增強(qiáng)。

– The economy should maintain sustained and sound development.Major progress should be made in changing the growth model.On the basis of making China’s development much more balanced, coordinated and sustainable, we should double its 2010 GDP and per capita income for

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both urban and rural residents.The contribution of scientific and technological progress to economic growth should increase considerably and China should become an innovative country.Industrialization should be basically accomplished.IT application should be significantly expanded.The quality of urbanization should improve markedly.Notable progress should be made in modernizing agriculture and building new socialist rural areas.The basic mechanism for promoting balanced development between regions should be in place.Opening up should be further improved and China’s international competitiveness should increase significantly.——人民民主不斷擴(kuò)大。民主制度更加完善，民主形式更加豐富，人民積極性、主動性、創(chuàng)造性進(jìn)一步發(fā)揮。依法治國基本方略全面落實，法治政府基本建成，司法公信力不斷提高，人權(quán)得到切實尊重和保障。

– People’s democracy should be expanded.The institutions of democracy should be improved and its forms enriched.People’s enthusiasm, initiative and creativity should be fully leveraged.The rule of law should be fully implemented as a basic strategy, a law-based government should be basically in function, judicial credibility should be steadily enhanced, and human rights should be fully respected and protected.——文化軟實力顯著增強(qiáng)。社會主義核心價值體系深入人心，公民文明素質(zhì)和社會文明程度明顯提高。文化產(chǎn)品更加豐富，公共文化服務(wù)體系基本建成，文化產(chǎn)業(yè)成為國民經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)，中華文化走出去邁出更大步伐，社會主義文化強(qiáng)國建設(shè)基礎(chǔ)更加堅實。

– The country’s cultural soft power should be improved significantly.Core socialist values should take root among the people, and both the level of civility of citizens and the moral and ethical standards of the whole society should be significantly raised.More cultural works should be created;a system of public cultural services should be basically in place, and the cultural sector should become a pillar of the economy.Even greater progress should be made in taking Chinese culture to the global stage.By taking these steps, we will lay a more solid foundation for developing a strong socialist culture in China.——人民生活水平全面提高?；竟卜?wù)均等化總體實現(xiàn)。全民受教育程度和創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)水平明顯提高，進(jìn)入人才強(qiáng)國和人力資源強(qiáng)國行列，教育現(xiàn)代化基本實現(xiàn)。就業(yè)更加充分。收入分配差距縮小，中等收入群體持續(xù)擴(kuò)大，扶貧對象大幅減少。社會保障全民覆蓋，人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)，住房保障體系基本形成，社會和諧穩(wěn)定。

– Living standards should be fully raised.Equal access to basic public services should be generally achieved.The educational level of the entire population should be significantly raised and training of innovative professionals markedly improved.China should have a large pool of competent professionals and be rich in human resources, and it should basically modernize its education.There should be more employment opportunities.Income gaps should be narrowed, middle-income groups should keep growing, and the number of people living below the poverty line should drop by a large margin.Social security should cover all the people.Everyone should have access to basic medical and public health services.The system of housing for low-income groups should take shape, and there should be social harmony and stability.——資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會建設(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展。主體功能區(qū)布局基本形成，資源循環(huán)利用體系初步建立。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能源消耗和二氧化碳排放大幅下降，主要污染物排放總量顯著減少。森林覆蓋率提高，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性增強(qiáng)，人居環(huán)境明顯改善。

– Major progress should be made in building a resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society.The establishment of functional zones should be basically completed, and a system for recycling resources should begin to take shape.Energy consumption and carbon

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dioxide emissions per unit of GDP as well as the discharge of major pollutants should decrease sharply.Forest coverage should increase, the ecosystem should become more stable, and the living environment should improve markedly.全面建成小康社會，必須以更大的政治勇氣和智慧，不失時機(jī)深化重要領(lǐng)域改革，堅決破除一切妨礙科學(xué)發(fā)展的思想觀念和體制機(jī)制弊端，構(gòu)建系統(tǒng)完備、科學(xué)規(guī)范、運行有效的制度體系，使各方面制度更加成熟更加定型。要加快完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，完善公有制為主體、多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展的基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度，完善按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存的分配制度，更大程度更廣范圍發(fā)揮市場在資源配置中的基礎(chǔ)性作用，完善宏觀調(diào)控體系，完善開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)體系，推動經(jīng)濟(jì)更有效率、更加公平、更可持續(xù)發(fā)展。加快推進(jìn)社會主義民主政治制度化、規(guī)范化、程序化，從各層次各領(lǐng)域擴(kuò)大公民有序政治參與，實現(xiàn)國家各項工作法治化。加快完善文化管理體制和文化生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營機(jī)制，基本建立現(xiàn)代文化市場體系，健全國有文化資產(chǎn)管理體制，形成有利于創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)造的文化發(fā)展環(huán)境。加快形成科學(xué)有效的社會管理體制，完善社會保障體系，健全基層公共服務(wù)和社會管理網(wǎng)絡(luò)，建立確保社會既充滿活力又和諧有序的體制機(jī)制。加快建立生態(tài)文明制度，健全國土空間開發(fā)、資源節(jié)約、生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)的體制機(jī)制，推動形成人與自然和諧發(fā)展現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)新格局。

To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must, with greater political courage and vision, lose no time in deepening reform in key sectors and resolutely discard all notions and systems that hinder efforts to pursue development in a scientific way.We should set up a well-developed, scientific, procedure-based and effective framework of systems and ensure that operating institutions in all sectors are fully functioning.We should speed up improvements to the socialist market economy.We should improve the basic economic system in which public ownership is the mainstay of the economy and economic entities of diverse ownership develop together, and we should improve the system of income distribution in which distribution according to work is the main form that coexists with other forms of distribution.We should leverage to a greater extent and in a wider scope the basic role of the market in allocating resources, improve the system of macro-regulation, and perfect the open economy to ensure more efficient, equitable and sustainable economic development.We should work harder to enhance socialist democracy in a systemic way by adopting due standards and procedures, expand people’s orderly participation in governance at all levels and in all fields, and ensure that all governance functions are performed in accordance with the law.We should accelerate improvement of the system for managing the cultural sector and the mechanism for cultural production and operation, establish the basic framework of a modern cultural market system, improve the system for managing state-owned cultural assets, and foster a cultural environment that encourages creativity.We should step up efforts to form a scientific and effective social management system, improve the social security system, and strengthen networks of community-level public services and social management.We should establish institutions and mechanisms to ensure that society is full of vigor, harmonious and orderly.We should move faster to set up a system for ecological progress, improve institutions and mechanisms for developing geographical space, conserving resources and protecting the ecological environment and promote modernization featuring harmonious development between man and nature.如期全面建成小康社會任務(wù)十分艱巨，全黨同志一定要埋頭苦干、頑強(qiáng)拼搏。國家要加大對農(nóng)村和中西部地區(qū)扶持力度，支持這些地區(qū)加快改革開放、增強(qiáng)發(fā)展能力、改善人民生活。鼓勵有條件的地方在現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中繼續(xù)走在前列，為全國改革發(fā)展作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。

Completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020 is an arduous

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task, and all the comrades in the Party must work single-mindedly and with fortitude to reach this goal.The state should give more support to rural areas and the central and western regions to accelerate their reform and opening up, strengthen their capacity for development and raise their living standards.We should encourage areas with good conditions to keep taking the lead in pursuing modernization and to make greater contribution to nationwide reform and development.四、加快完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制和加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式

IV.Accelerating the Improvement of the Socialist Market Economy and the Change of the Growth Model 以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心是興國之要，發(fā)展仍是解決我國所有問題的關(guān)鍵。只有推動經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展，才能筑牢國家繁榮富強(qiáng)、人民幸福安康、社會和諧穩(wěn)定的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。必須堅持發(fā)展是硬道理的戰(zhàn)略思想，決不能有絲毫動搖。

Taking economic development as the central task is vital to national renewal, and development still holds the key to addressing all the problems we have in China.Only by promoting sustained and sound economic development can we lay a solid material foundation for enhancing the country’s prosperity and strength, improving the people’s wellbeing and ensuring social harmony and stability.We must unwaveringly adhere to the strategic thinking that only development counts.在當(dāng)代中國，堅持發(fā)展是硬道理的本質(zhì)要求就是堅持科學(xué)發(fā)展。以科學(xué)發(fā)展為主題，以加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式為主線，是關(guān)系我國發(fā)展全局的戰(zhàn)略抉擇。要適應(yīng)國內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢新變化，加快形成新的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，把推動發(fā)展的立足點轉(zhuǎn)到提高質(zhì)量和效益上來，著力激發(fā)各類市場主體發(fā)展新活力，著力增強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展新動力，著力構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展新體系，著力培育開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新優(yōu)勢，使經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展更多依靠內(nèi)需特別是消費需求拉動，更多依靠現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)和戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)帶動，更多依靠科技進(jìn)步、勞動者素質(zhì)提高、管理創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動，更多依靠節(jié)約資源和循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)推動，更多依靠城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)互動，不斷增強(qiáng)長期發(fā)展后勁。In contemporary China, pursuing development in a scientific way best embodies the thinking that only development counts.Taking the pursuit of development in a scientific way as the underlying guideline and accelerating the change of the growth model as a major task is a strategic choice we have made for promoting China’s overall development.In response to changes in both domestic and international economic developments, we should speed up the creation of a new growth model and ensure that development is based on improved quality and performance.We should fire all types of market participants with new vigor for development, increase motivation for pursuing innovation-driven development, establish a new system for developing modern industries, and create new favorable conditions for developing the open economy.This will make economic development driven more by domestic demand, especially consumer demand, by a modern service industry and strategic emerging industries, by scientific and technological progress, by a workforce of higher quality and innovation in management, by resource conservation and a circular economy, and by coordinated and mutually reinforcing urban-rural development and development between regions.Taking these steps will enable us to sustain long-term development.堅持走中國特色新型工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路，推動信息化和工業(yè)化深度融合、工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化良性互動、城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化相互協(xié)調(diào)，促進(jìn)工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化同步發(fā)展。

We should keep to the Chinese-style path of carrying out industrialization in a new way and advancing IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization.We should promote integration of IT application and industrialization, interaction between industrialization and

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urbanization, and coordination between urbanization and agricultural modernization, thus promoting harmonized development of industrialization, IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization.（一）全面深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革。深化改革是加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的關(guān)鍵。經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的核心問題是處理好政府和市場的關(guān)系，必須更加尊重市場規(guī)律，更好發(fā)揮政府作用。要毫不動搖鞏固和發(fā)展公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，推行公有制多種實現(xiàn)形式，深化國有企業(yè)改革，完善各類國有資產(chǎn)管理體制，推動國有資本更多投向關(guān)系國家安全和國民經(jīng)濟(jì)命脈的重要行業(yè)和關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域，不斷增強(qiáng)國有經(jīng)濟(jì)活力、控制力、影響力。毫不動搖鼓勵、支持、引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，保證各種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)依法平等使用生產(chǎn)要素、公平參與市場競爭、同等受到法律保護(hù)。健全現(xiàn)代市場體系，加強(qiáng)宏觀調(diào)控目標(biāo)和政策手段機(jī)制化建設(shè)。加快改革財稅體制，健全中央和地方財力與事權(quán)相匹配的體制，完善促進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化和主體功能區(qū)建設(shè)的公共財政體系，構(gòu)建地方稅體系，形成有利于結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化、社會公平的稅收制度。建立公共資源出讓收益合理共享機(jī)制。深化金融體制改革，健全促進(jìn)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定、支持實體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)代金融體系，加快發(fā)展多層次資本市場，穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)利率和匯率市場化改革，逐步實現(xiàn)人民幣資本項目可兌換。加快發(fā)展民營金融機(jī)構(gòu)。完善金融監(jiān)管，推進(jìn)金融創(chuàng)新，提高銀行、證券、保險等行業(yè)競爭力，維護(hù)金融穩(wěn)定。

1.Deepen economic structural reform across the board Deepening reform is crucial for accelerating the change of the growth model.The underlying issue we face in economic structural reform is how to strike a balance between the role of the government and that of the market, and we should follow more closely the rules of the market and better play the role of the government.We should unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy;allow public ownership to take diverse forms;deepen reform of state-owned enterprises;improve the mechanisms for managing all types of state assets;and invest more of state capital in major industries and key fields that comprise the lifeline of the economy and are vital to national security.We should thus steadily enhance the vitality of the state-owned sector of the economy and its capacity to leverage and influence the economy.At the same time, we must unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector, and ensure that economic entities under all forms of ownership have equal access to factors of production in accordance with the law, compete on a level playing field and are protected by the law as equals.We should improve the modern market system and strengthen institutional procedures for setting macro-regulation targets and employing policy tools.We should accelerate the reform of the fiscal and taxation systems and ensure that the central and local governments have sufficient financial resources to exercise their respective powers and fulfill their respective responsibilities.We should improve the public finance system to ensure equal access to basic public services and promote the building of functional zones.We should also institute local tax systems and improve the structure of the taxation system to promote social fairness.We should establish a mechanism for equitable sharing of proceeds from public resource transfers.We should deepen reform of the financial system and improve the modern financial system so that it will better contribute to macroeconomic stability and support development of the real economy.We should accelerate development of a multilevel capital market, take steady steps to make interest rates and the RMB exchange rate more market-based, and promote the RMB’s convertibility under capital accounts in due course.We should speed up the development of private financial institutions.We should improve financial supervision and oversight, promote financial innovations, improve the competitiveness of banking, securities, insurance and other sectors, and ensure

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financial stability.（二）實施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略?？萍紕?chuàng)新是提高社會生產(chǎn)力和綜合國力的戰(zhàn)略支撐，必須擺在國家發(fā)展全局的核心位置。要堅持走中國特色自主創(chuàng)新道路，以全球視野謀劃和推動創(chuàng)新，提高原始創(chuàng)新、集成創(chuàng)新和引進(jìn)消化吸收再創(chuàng)新能力，更加注重協(xié)同創(chuàng)新。深化科技體制改革，推動科技和經(jīng)濟(jì)緊密結(jié)合，加快建設(shè)國家創(chuàng)新體系，著力構(gòu)建以企業(yè)為主體、市場為導(dǎo)向、產(chǎn)學(xué)研相結(jié)合的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系。完善知識創(chuàng)新體系，強(qiáng)化基礎(chǔ)研究、前沿技術(shù)研究、社會公益技術(shù)研究，提高科學(xué)研究水平和成果轉(zhuǎn)化能力，搶占科技發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略制高點。實施國家科技重大專項，突破重大技術(shù)瓶頸。加快新技術(shù)新產(chǎn)品新工藝研發(fā)應(yīng)用，加強(qiáng)技術(shù)集成和商業(yè)模式創(chuàng)新。完善科技創(chuàng)新評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、激勵機(jī)制、轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)制。實施知識產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略，加強(qiáng)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)。促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新資源高效配置和綜合集成，把全社會智慧和力量凝聚到創(chuàng)新發(fā)展上來。2.Implement the strategy of innovation-driven development Scientific and technological innovation provides strategic support for raising the productive forces and boosting the overall national strength, and we must give it top priority in overall national development.We should follow a path of making innovation with Chinese features and take steps to promote innovation to catch up with global advances.We should increase our capacity for making original innovation and integrated innovation and for making further innovation on the basis of absorbing advances in overseas science and technology, and place greater emphasis on making innovation through collaboration.We should deepen reform of the system for managing science and technology, promote close integration of science and technology with economic development, and speed up the development of the national innovation system.We should establish a system of technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market points the way, and enterprises, universities and research institutes work together.We should improve the knowledge-based innovation system, and strengthen basic research, research in frontier technologies, and public benefit-oriented research and development;and we should improve research and our capacity for applying research results to production to ensure that we can obtain the leading strategic position in research and development.We should launch important national science and technology projects to remove major technological bottlenecks.We should speed up the research, development and application of new technologies, products and production processes, strengthen innovation in integration of technologies and develop new business models.We should improve standards for evaluating scientific and technological innovations and mechanisms for rewarding such innovations and applying them to production.We should implement the strategy concerning intellectual property rights and strengthen their protection.We should efficiently allocate and fully integrate innovation resources, and ensure that the wisdom and strength of the whole society are directed toward promoting innovation-driven development.（三）推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整。這是加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的主攻方向。必須以改善需求結(jié)構(gòu)、優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、促進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展、推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化為重點，著力解決制約經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展的重大結(jié)構(gòu)性問題。要牢牢把握擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需這一戰(zhàn)略基點，加快建立擴(kuò)大消費需求長效機(jī)制，釋放居民消費潛力，保持投資合理增長，擴(kuò)大國內(nèi)市場規(guī)模。牢牢把握發(fā)展實體經(jīng)濟(jì)這一堅實基礎(chǔ)，實行更加有利于實體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的政策措施，強(qiáng)化需求導(dǎo)向，推動戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)、先進(jìn)制造業(yè)健康發(fā)展，加快傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級，推動服務(wù)業(yè)特別是現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展壯大，合理布局建設(shè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)。建設(shè)下一代信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，發(fā)展現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，健全信息安全保障體系，推進(jìn)信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)廣泛運用。提高大中型企業(yè)核心競爭力，支持小微企業(yè)特別是科技型小微企業(yè)發(fā)展。繼續(xù)實施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，充分發(fā)揮各地區(qū)比較優(yōu)勢，優(yōu)先推進(jìn)西部大開發(fā)，全面振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地，大力促進(jìn)中部地區(qū)崛起，積極支持 22

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東部地區(qū)率先發(fā)展。采取對口支援等多種形式，加大對革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)、貧困地區(qū)扶持力度?？茖W(xué)規(guī)劃城市群規(guī)模和布局，增強(qiáng)中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、公共服務(wù)、吸納就業(yè)、人口集聚功能。加快改革戶籍制度，有序推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口市民化，努力實現(xiàn)城鎮(zhèn)基本公共服務(wù)常住人口全覆蓋。

3.Carry out strategic adjustment of the economic structure This is the major goal of accelerating the change of the growth model.We must strive to remove major structural barriers to sustained and sound economic development, with a focus on improving the demand mix and the industrial structure, promoting balanced development between regions and advancing urbanization.We should firmly maintain the strategic focus of boosting domestic demand, speed up the establishment of a long-term mechanism for increasing consumer demand, unleash the potential of individual consumption, increase investment at a proper pace, and expand the domestic market.We should focus on developing the real economy as a firm foundation of the economy.We should adopt policies and measures to better facilitate the development of the real economy.We should make the economy more demand-driven, promote the sound growth of strategic emerging industries and advanced manufacturing industries, speed up the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, develop and expand the service sector, especially modern service industries, and make the geographical and structural layout of the development of infrastructure and basic industries more balanced.We should develop next-generation information infrastructure and modern IT industry, better ensure information security, and promote the application of information network technologies.We should enhance the core competitiveness of large and medium-sized enterprises and support development of small and micro businesses, especially small and micro science and technology companies.We should continue to implement the master strategy for regional development and fully leverage the comparative advantages of different regions.We should give high priority to large-scale development of the western region, fully revitalize old industrial bases in northeast China, work vigorously to promote the rise of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We should increase support for old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas through pairing assistance and other means.We should make scientific plans for the scale and layout of urban agglomerations;and we should make small and medium-sized cities and small towns better able to develop industries, provide public services, create jobs, and attract population.We should accelerate reform of the household registration system, conduct registration of rural migrant workers as permanent urban residents in an orderly way, and endeavor to ensure that all permanent urban residents have access to basic urban public services.（四）推動城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化。解決好農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村農(nóng)民問題是全黨工作重中之重，城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化是解決“三農(nóng)”問題的根本途徑。要加大統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展力度，增強(qiáng)農(nóng)村發(fā)展活力，逐步縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距，促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)共同繁榮。堅持工業(yè)反哺農(nóng)業(yè)、城市支持農(nóng)村和多予少取放活方針，加大強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)富農(nóng)政策力度，讓廣大農(nóng)民平等參與現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程、共同分享現(xiàn)代化成果。加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)，增強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)綜合生產(chǎn)能力，確保國家糧食安全和重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品有效供給。堅持把國家基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和社會事業(yè)發(fā)展重點放在農(nóng)村，深入推進(jìn)新農(nóng)村建設(shè)和扶貧開發(fā)，全面改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件。著力促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增收，保持農(nóng)民收入持續(xù)較快增長。堅持和完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度，依法維護(hù)農(nóng)民土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)、宅基地使用權(quán)、集體收益分配權(quán)，壯大集體經(jīng)濟(jì)實力，發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作和股份合作，培育新型經(jīng)營主體，發(fā)展多種形式規(guī)模經(jīng)營，構(gòu)建集約化、專業(yè)化、組織化、社會化相結(jié)合的新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營體系。改革征地制度，提高農(nóng)民在 23

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土地增值收益中的分配比例。加快完善城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化體制機(jī)制，著力在城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、公共服務(wù)等方面推進(jìn)一體化，促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)要素平等交換和公共資源均衡配置，形成以工促農(nóng)、以城帶鄉(xiāng)、工農(nóng)互惠、城鄉(xiāng)一體的新型工農(nóng)、城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系。4.Integrate urban and rural development Resolving issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers is the number one priority in the Party’s work, and integrating urban and rural development provides the fundamental solution to these issues.We should better balance urban and rural development, boost rural development, work to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, and promote their common prosperity.We should continue to encourage industry to support agriculture in return for agriculture’s earlier contribution to its development and encourage cities to support rural areas.We should give more to farmers, take less from them and lift restrictions over their economic activities.We should increase policy support to boost agriculture, benefit farmers and increase rural prosperity, and encourage the rural population to participate in modernization on an equal footing and share in its fruits.We should speed up the development of modern agriculture, raise the overall production capacity of agriculture, and ensure food security and effective supply of major agricultural products in China.We should give high priority to rural areas in developing infrastructure and social programs in the country.We should work harder to build new rural areas, carry out programs of poverty alleviation through development and fully improve rural working and living conditions.We should ensure sustained and fast growth of rural income.We should uphold and improve the basic system for rural operations and protect in accordance with the law farmers’ rights to farm the land they have contracted, to use the land on which their houses sit, and to share in the proceeds from rural collective operations.We should strengthen the collective economy, develop specialized cooperatives and joint stock partnerships for farmers, foster new types of agricultural business entities, and develop large-scale agricultural operations in diverse forms.We should establish a new type of system for intensive agricultural operations that are specialized, well organized and commercialized.We should reform the land expropriation system and increase the share of gain in land value to farmers.We should speed up improvements to institutions and mechanisms for promoting integrated urban and rural development, with a focus on integrating urban and rural planning, infrastructure and public services.We should ensure equal exchange of factors of production between urban and rural areas and balance allocation of public resources between them.What we aim to achieve is a new type of relations between industry and agriculture and between urban and rural areas in which industry promotes agriculture, urban areas support rural development, agriculture and industry benefit each other, and there is integrated urban and rural development.（五）全面提高開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)水平。適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化新形勢，必須實行更加積極主動的開放戰(zhàn)略，完善互利共贏、多元平衡、安全高效的開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)體系。要加快轉(zhuǎn)變對外經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，推動開放朝著優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)、拓展深度、提高效益方向轉(zhuǎn)變。創(chuàng)新開放模式，促進(jìn)沿海內(nèi)陸沿邊開放優(yōu)勢互補(bǔ)，形成引領(lǐng)國際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和競爭的開放區(qū)域，培育帶動區(qū)域發(fā)展的開放高地。堅持出口和進(jìn)口并重，強(qiáng)化貿(mào)易政策和產(chǎn)業(yè)政策協(xié)調(diào)，形成以技術(shù)、品牌、質(zhì)量、服務(wù)為核心的出口競爭新優(yōu)勢，促進(jìn)加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型升級，發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易，推動對外貿(mào)易平衡發(fā)展。提高利用外資綜合優(yōu)勢和總體效益，推動引資、引技、引智有機(jī)結(jié)合。加快走出去步伐，增強(qiáng)企業(yè)國際化經(jīng)營能力，培育一批世界水平的跨國公司。統(tǒng)籌雙邊、多邊、區(qū)域次區(qū)域開放合作，加快實施自由貿(mào)易區(qū)戰(zhàn)略，推動同周邊國家互聯(lián)互通。提高抵御國際經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險能力。5.Promote all-around improvements to China’s open economy

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In response to new developments in economic globalization, we must implement a more proactive opening up strategy and improve the open economy so that it promotes mutual benefit and is diversified, balanced, secure and efficient.We should move faster to change the way the external-oriented economy grows, and make China’s open economy become better structured, expand in scope and yield greater returns.We should make innovations in the mode of opening up;encourage coastal, inland and border areas to draw on each other’s strengths in opening up;develop open areas that take the lead in global economic cooperation and competition;and form leading areas of opening up that drive regional development.We should continue to attach equal importance to export and import, better coordinate trade and industrial policies, and make China’s exports more competitive in terms of technology, brand, quality and service.We should transform and upgrade processing trade, develop service trade, and promote balanced development of foreign trade.We should make full use of our overall advantageous position in utilizing foreign capital and make better use of such investment.We should step up efforts to attract investment, technology and high-caliber professionals from overseas.Chinese companies should expand overseas presence at a faster pace, enhance their operation in an international environment, and develop a number of world-class multinational corporations.We should make overall planning for bilateral, multilateral, regional and sub-regional opening up and cooperation, accelerate implementation of the strategy of building free trade areas, and promote infrastructure connectivity with our neighboring countries.We should become better able to defuse international economic risks.我們一定要堅定信心，打勝全面深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革和加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式這場硬仗，把我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展活力和競爭力提高到新的水平。

We must have firm confidence in winning the tough battle of deepening reform of the economic structure across the board and of accelerating the change of the growth model so as to increase the vitality and competitiveness of China’s economy.五、堅持走中國特色社會主義政治發(fā)展道路和推進(jìn)政治體制改革

V.Keeping to the Socialist Path of Making Political Advance with Chinese Characteristics and Promoting Reform of the Political Structure 人民民主是我們黨始終高揚的光輝旗幟。改革開放以來，我們總結(jié)發(fā)展社會主義民主正反兩方面經(jīng)驗，強(qiáng)調(diào)人民民主是社會主義的生命，堅持國家一切權(quán)力屬于人民，不斷推進(jìn)政治體制改革，社會主義民主政治建設(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展，成功開辟和堅持了中國特色社會主義政治發(fā)展道路，為實現(xiàn)最廣泛的人民民主確立了正確方向。

People’s democracy is a brilliant banner that has always been held high by our Party.Since the policy of reform and opening up was introduced, we have reviewed our experience, both positive and negative, in developing socialist democracy and reaffirmed that people’s democracy is the life of socialism.We have ensured that all power of the state belongs to the people and worked to steadily promote reform of the political structure.As a result, we have made major progress in developing socialist democracy and opened up and kept to the socialist path of making political advance with Chinese characteristics, thus charting the correct course for achieving the most extensive possible people’s democracy in China.政治體制改革是我國全面改革的重要組成部分。必須繼續(xù)積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)政治體制改革，發(fā)展更加廣泛、更加充分、更加健全的人民民主。必須堅持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、人民當(dāng)家作主、依法治國有機(jī)統(tǒng)一，以保證人民當(dāng)家作主為根本，以增強(qiáng)黨和國家活力、調(diào)動人民積極性為目標(biāo)，擴(kuò) 25

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大社會主義民主，加快建設(shè)社會主義法治國家，發(fā)展社會主義政治文明。要更加注重改進(jìn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)方式和執(zhí)政方式，保證黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民有效治理國家；更加注重健全民主制度、豐富民主形式，保證人民依法實行民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督；更加注重發(fā)揮法治在國家治理和社會管理中的重要作用，維護(hù)國家法制統(tǒng)一、尊嚴(yán)、權(quán)威，保證人民依法享有廣泛權(quán)利和自由。要把制度建設(shè)擺在突出位置，充分發(fā)揮我國社會主義政治制度優(yōu)越性，積極借鑒人類政治文明有益成果，絕不照搬西方政治制度模式。

The reform of the political structure is an important part of China’s overall reform.We must continue to make both active and prudent efforts to carry out the reform of the political structure, and make people’s democracy more extensive, fuller in scope and sounder in practice.We must ensure the unity of the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country and law-based governance.To guarantee the fundamental position of the people as masters of the country and to reach the goal of enhancing the vitality of the Party and country and keeping the people fully motivated, we should expand socialist democracy, accelerate the building of a socialist country based on the rule of law, and promote socialist political progress.We should place greater emphasis on improving the way the Party exercises leadership and governance to ensure that it leads the people in effectively governing the country.We should attach greater importance to improving the system of democracy and diversifying the forms of democracy to ensure that the people conduct democratic elections, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law.We should give greater scope to the important role the rule of law plays in the country’s governance and in social management, uphold the unity, sanctity and authority of the country’s legal system and ensure that the people enjoy extensive rights and freedoms as prescribed by law.We should place high importance on systemic building, give full play to the strength of the socialist political system and draw on the political achievements of other societies.However, we will never copy a Western political system.（一）支持和保證人民通過人民代表大會行使國家權(quán)力。人民代表大會制度是保證人民當(dāng)家作主的根本政治制度。要善于使黨的主張通過法定程序成為國家意志，支持人大及其常委會充分發(fā)揮國家權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)作用，依法行使立法、監(jiān)督、決定、任免等職權(quán)，加強(qiáng)立法工作組織協(xié)調(diào)，加強(qiáng)對“一府兩院”的監(jiān)督，加強(qiáng)對政府全口徑預(yù)算決算的審查和監(jiān)督。提高基層人大代表特別是一線工人、農(nóng)民、知識分子代表比例，降低黨政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部代表比例。在人大設(shè)立代表聯(lián)絡(luò)機(jī)構(gòu)，完善代表聯(lián)系群眾制度。健全國家權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)組織制度，優(yōu)化常委會、專委會組成人員知識和年齡結(jié)構(gòu)，提高專職委員比例，增強(qiáng)依法履職能力。

1.Support and ensure the exercise of state power by the people through people’s congresses The system of people’s congresses is China’s fundamental political system for guaranteeing that the people decide their own destiny.We should make good use of legal procedures to turn the Party’s propositions into the will of the state.We should support people’s congresses and their standing committees in fully playing their role as organs of state power, in exercising legislative, oversight, policymaking, and personnel appointment and dismissal powers in accordance with the law, in strengthening organization and coordination of legislative work, in stepping up their oversight of people’s governments, courts and procuratorates, and in tightening examination and oversight of all government budgets and final accounts.The proportion of community-level deputies to people’s congresses, particularly those elected from among workers, farmers and intellectuals on the frontlines of various fields of endeavor should be raised, while that of deputies from among leading Party and government officials should be reduced.Deputy liaison offices should be established in people’s congresses to improve the mechanism for deputies to maintain

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contact with the people.The organizational system for organs of state power should be improved.The age mix of the members of the standing committees and special committees of people’s congresses should be improved and the areas of their expertise should be widened.The proportion of the full-time members of these committees should be raised.Deputies to people’s congresses and members of these committees should enhance their capability to perform their duties pursuant to law.（二）健全社會主義協(xié)商民主制度。社會主義協(xié)商民主是我國人民民主的重要形式。要完善協(xié)商民主制度和工作機(jī)制，推進(jìn)協(xié)商民主廣泛、多層、制度化發(fā)展。通過國家政權(quán)機(jī)關(guān)、政協(xié)組織、黨派團(tuán)體等渠道，就經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展重大問題和涉及群眾切身利益的實際問題廣泛協(xié)商，廣納群言、廣集民智，增進(jìn)共識、增強(qiáng)合力。堅持和完善中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度，充分發(fā)揮人民政協(xié)作為協(xié)商民主重要渠道作用，圍繞團(tuán)結(jié)和民主兩大主題，推進(jìn)政治協(xié)商、民主監(jiān)督、參政議政制度建設(shè)，更好協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系、匯聚力量、建言獻(xiàn)策、服務(wù)大局。加強(qiáng)同民主黨派的政治協(xié)商。把政治協(xié)商納入決策程序，堅持協(xié)商于決策之前和決策之中，增強(qiáng)民主協(xié)商實效性。深入進(jìn)行專題協(xié)商、對口協(xié)商、界別協(xié)商、提案辦理協(xié)商。積極開展基層民主協(xié)商。

2.Improve the system of socialist consultative democracy Socialist consultative democracy is an important form of people’s democracy in our country.We should improve its institutions and work mechanisms and promote its extensive, multilevel, and institutionalized development.Extensive consultations should be carried out on major issues relating to economic and social development as well as specific problems involving the people’s immediate interests through organs of state power, committees of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, political parties, people’s organizations and other channels to solicit a wide range of opinions, pool wisdom of the people, increase consensus, and build up synergy.We should adhere to and improve the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and make the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference serve as a major channel for conducting consultative democracy.The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference should, focusing on the themes of unity and democracy, improve systems of political consultation, democratic oversight, and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs, and deliver a better job in coordinating relations, pooling strength and making proposals in the overall interests of the country.We should strengthen political consultation with the democratic parties, make political consultation a part of the policymaking process, conduct consultations before and when policy decisions are made, and make democratic consultation more effective.We should conduct intensive consultations on special issues with those who work on these issues, with representatives from all sectors of society, and with relevant government authorities on the handling of proposals.We should actively carry out democratic consultation at the community level.（三）完善基層民主制度。在城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)治理、基層公共事務(wù)和公益事業(yè)中實行群眾自我管理、自我服務(wù)、自我教育、自我監(jiān)督，是人民依法直接行使民主權(quán)利的重要方式。要健全基層黨組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的充滿活力的基層群眾自治機(jī)制，以擴(kuò)大有序參與、推進(jìn)信息公開、加強(qiáng)議事協(xié)商、強(qiáng)化權(quán)力監(jiān)督為重點，拓寬范圍和途徑，豐富內(nèi)容和形式，保障人民享有更多更切實的民主權(quán)利。全心全意依靠工人階級，健全以職工代表大會為基本形式的企事業(yè)單位民主管理制度，保障職工參與管理和監(jiān)督的民主權(quán)利。發(fā)揮基層各類組織協(xié)同作用，實現(xiàn)政府管理和基層民主有機(jī)結(jié)合。

3.Improve community-level democracy

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An important way for the people to directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law is for them to conduct self-management, self-service, self-education, and self-oversight in exercising urban and rural community governance, in managing community-level public affairs and in running public service programs.We should improve the mechanism for community-level self-governance under the leadership of community-level Party organizations to make it full of vitality.We should broaden the scope and channels of such self-governance and enrich its content and forms, with the focus on expanding orderly participation, promoting transparency in information, improving deliberation and consultation on public affairs, and strengthening oversight of the exercise of power, to ensure that the people have greater and more tangible democratic rights.We should rely wholeheartedly on the working class, improve the democratic management system in enterprises and public institutions with workers and employees’ congress as its basic form, and protect workers and employees’ democratic rights to participate in management and oversight.Community-level organizations of various types should also get involved to integrate government administration and community-level democracy.（四）全面推進(jìn)依法治國。法治是治國理政的基本方式。要推進(jìn)科學(xué)立法、嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法、公正司法、全民守法，堅持法律面前人人平等，保證有法必依、執(zhí)法必嚴(yán)、違法必究。完善中國特色社會主義法律體系，加強(qiáng)重點領(lǐng)域立法，拓展人民有序參與立法途徑。推進(jìn)依法行政，切實做到嚴(yán)格規(guī)范公正文明執(zhí)法。進(jìn)一步深化司法體制改革，堅持和完善中國特色社會主義司法制度，確保審判機(jī)關(guān)、檢察機(jī)關(guān)依法獨立公正行使審判權(quán)、檢察權(quán)。深入開展法制宣傳教育，弘揚社會主義法治精神，樹立社會主義法治理念，增強(qiáng)全社會學(xué)法尊法守法用法意識。提高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部運用法治思維和法治方式深化改革、推動發(fā)展、化解矛盾、維護(hù)穩(wěn)定能力。黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民制定憲法和法律，黨必須在憲法和法律范圍內(nèi)活動。任何組織或者個人都不得有超越憲法和法律的特權(quán)，絕不允許以言代法、以權(quán)壓法、徇私枉法。4.Promote law-based governance of the country in an all-around way The rule of law is the basic way for running the country.We should make laws in a scientific way, enforce them strictly, administer justice impartially, and ensure that everyone abides by the law.We must make sure that all are equal before the law and that laws are observed and strictly enforced and lawbreakers are prosecuted.We should improve the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics, strengthen legislation in key areas, and expand channels for people’s orderly participation in the legislative process.We should exercise government administration in accordance with the law and ensure that law enforcement is conducted in a strict, fair, and civilized way according to due procedures.We should continue to deepen reform of the judicial structure, uphold and improve the socialist judicial system with Chinese characteristics, and ensure that judicial and procuratorial bodies independently and impartially exercise their respective powers pursuant to law.We should carry out intensive publicity and education about the law, foster socialist spirit of the rule of law, and adopt the socialist concept of law-based governance.We should enhance the whole society’s awareness of the need to study, respect, observe, and apply the law.We should ensure that leading officials are guided by law in both thinking and action in their effort to deepen reform, promote development, solve problems, and maintain stability.As the Constitution and laws are adopted by the Party and the people under its leadership, the Party must act within the scope prescribed by the Constitution and laws.No organization or individual has the privilege of overstepping the Constitution and laws, and no one in a position of power is allowed in any way to take one’s own words as the law, place one’s own authority above the law or abuse the law.@CATTI考試資料與資訊

（五）深化行政體制改革。行政體制改革是推動上層建筑適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)的必然要求。要按照建立中國特色社會主義行政體制目標(biāo)，深入推進(jìn)政企分開、政資分開、政事分開、政社分開，建設(shè)職能科學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化、廉潔高效、人民滿意的服務(wù)型政府。深化行政審批制度改革，繼續(xù)簡政放權(quán)，推動政府職能向創(chuàng)造良好發(fā)展環(huán)境、提供優(yōu)質(zhì)公共服務(wù)、維護(hù)社會公平正義轉(zhuǎn)變。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)大部門制改革，健全部門職責(zé)體系。優(yōu)化行政層級和行政區(qū)劃設(shè)置，有條件的地方可探索省直接管理縣（市）改革，深化鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)行政體制改革。創(chuàng)新行政管理方式，提高政府公信力和執(zhí)行力，推進(jìn)政府績效管理。嚴(yán)格控制機(jī)構(gòu)編制，減少領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職數(shù)，降低行政成本。推進(jìn)事業(yè)單位分類改革。完善體制改革協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制，統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃和協(xié)調(diào)重大改革。5.Deepen reform of the administrative system Reform of the administrative system is a necessary requirement for making the superstructure compatible with the economic base.To reach the goal of establishing a socialist administrative system with Chinese characteristics, we should separate government administration from the management of enterprises, state assets, public institutions, and social organizations, and build a well-structured, clean and efficient service-oriented government that has scientifically defined functions and satisfies the people.We should deepen the reform of the system concerning matters subject to government examination and approval, continue to streamline administration and delegate more power to lower levels, and make the government better perform its functions of creating a favorable environment for development, providing quality public services, and maintaining social fairness and justice.We should steadily advance the reform to establish larger government departments and improve division of functions among them.We should improve the structure of administrative setup and geographical administrative divisions, experiment with the reform to place counties and county-level cities directly under the jurisdiction of provincial governments where conditions permit, and deepen reform of the administrative system at the town and township level.We should exercise government administration in an innovative way, increase public trust in the government, and improve its competence so as to make the government performance-oriented.We should strictly control the size of government bodies, cut the numbers of their leading officials, and reduce their administrative costs.We should continue the reform of public institutions based on the classification of their functions.We should improve the mechanism for coordinating structural reforms and conduct major reforms in a holistic way according to the overall plan.（六）健全權(quán)力運行制約和監(jiān)督體系。堅持用制度管權(quán)管事管人，保障人民知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達(dá)權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)，是權(quán)力正確運行的重要保證。要確保決策權(quán)、執(zhí)行權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)既相互制約又相互協(xié)調(diào)，確保國家機(jī)關(guān)按照法定權(quán)限和程序行使權(quán)力。堅持科學(xué)決策、民主決策、依法決策，健全決策機(jī)制和程序，發(fā)揮思想庫作用，建立健全決策問責(zé)和糾錯制度。凡是涉及群眾切身利益的決策都要充分聽取群眾意見，凡是損害群眾利益的做法都要堅決防止和糾正。推進(jìn)權(quán)力運行公開化、規(guī)范化，完善黨務(wù)公開、政務(wù)公開、司法公開和各領(lǐng)域辦事公開制度，健全質(zhì)詢、問責(zé)、經(jīng)濟(jì)責(zé)任審計、引咎辭職、罷免等制度，加強(qiáng)黨內(nèi)監(jiān)督、民主監(jiān)督、法律監(jiān)督、輿論監(jiān)督，讓人民監(jiān)督權(quán)力，讓權(quán)力在陽光下運行。

6.Improve the mechanism for conducting checks and oversight over the exercise of power To ensure proper exercise of power, it is important to put power, Party and government operations and personnel management under institutional checks and uphold people’s right to stay informed about, participate in, express views on, and oversee Party and government operations.We should make sure that decision-making, executive and oversight powers check each other and function in concert and that government bodies exercise their powers in accordance with statutory mandate

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and procedures.We should continue to conduct scientific, democratic, and law-based policymaking, improve decision-making mechanisms and procedures, seek advice of think tanks, and establish sound mechanisms for decision-making accountability and remedy.Whenever we make a decision involving the immediate interests of the people, we must solicit their views on it.We must not do anything that may harm the interests of the people and must correct any action that causes damage to their interests.We should make the exercise of power more open and standardized, and increase transparency of Party, government and judicial operations and official operations in other fields.We should improve the systems of inquiry, accountability, economic responsibility auditing, resignation and dismissal.We should tighten intra-Party, democratic and legal oversight as well as oversight through public opinion to ensure that the people oversee the exercise of power and that power is exercised in a transparent manner.（七）鞏固和發(fā)展最廣泛的愛國統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線。統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線是凝聚各方面力量，促進(jìn)政黨關(guān)系、民族關(guān)系、宗教關(guān)系、階層關(guān)系、海內(nèi)外同胞關(guān)系的和諧，奪取中國特色社會主義新勝利的重要法寶。要高舉愛國主義、社會主義旗幟，鞏固統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線的思想政治基礎(chǔ)，正確處理一致性和多樣性的關(guān)系。堅持長期共存、互相監(jiān)督、肝膽相照、榮辱與共的方針，加強(qiáng)同民主黨派和無黨派人士團(tuán)結(jié)合作，促進(jìn)思想上同心同德、目標(biāo)上同心同向、行動上同心同行，加強(qiáng)黨外代表人士隊伍建設(shè)，選拔和推薦更多優(yōu)秀黨外人士擔(dān)任各級國家機(jī)關(guān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職務(wù)。全面正確貫徹落實黨的民族政策，堅持和完善民族區(qū)域自治制度，牢牢把握各民族共同團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗、共同繁榮發(fā)展的主題，深入開展民族團(tuán)結(jié)進(jìn)步教育，加快民族地區(qū)發(fā)展，保障少數(shù)民族合法權(quán)益，鞏固和發(fā)展平等團(tuán)結(jié)互助和諧的社會主義民族關(guān)系，促進(jìn)各民族和睦相處、和衷共濟(jì)、和諧發(fā)展。全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，發(fā)揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展中的積極作用。鼓勵和引導(dǎo)新的社會階層人士為中國特色社會主義事業(yè)作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。落實黨的僑務(wù)政策，支持海外僑胞、歸僑僑眷關(guān)心和參與祖國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)與和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。7.Consolidate and develop the broadest possible patriotic united front The united front is a powerful instrument for winning new victory for socialism with Chinese characteristics by pooling the strength of all quarters and harmonizing relations between political parties, ethnic groups, religions, social groups and compatriots at home and overseas.We should hold high the banner of patriotism and socialism, consolidate the theoretical and political foundation of the united front, and strike a balance between commonality and diversity.Guided by the principle of long-term coexistence, mutual oversight, treating each other with sincerity and sharing of both good and bad times, we should strengthen unity and cooperation with the democratic parties and public figures without party affiliation, pursue the common goal with unity in thought and action, strengthen the ranks of non-Party representative figures and select and recommend more outstanding individuals with no Party affiliation for taking up leading positions in government bodies at all levels.We should fully and faithfully implement the Party’s policies concerning ethnic groups and uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy.We should, keeping to the goal of all ethnic groups working together for common prosperity and development, conduct intensive education about ethnic unity and progress, speed up development of ethnic minority areas, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities.We should consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations of equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony so that all ethnic groups in China will live and develop together in harmony.We should comprehensively implement the Party’s basic policy on religion and fully leverage the positive role of religious figures and believers in promoting economic and social development.We should encourage and guide members of new social groups to contribute more to the cause of socialism

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with Chinese characteristics.We should continue to implement the Party’s policy on overseas Chinese affairs and support overseas Chinese, returned overseas Chinese and their families in endorsing and participating in China’s modernization endeavors and its great cause of peaceful reunification.中國特色社會主義政治發(fā)展道路是團(tuán)結(jié)億萬人民共同奮斗的正確道路。我們一定要堅定不移沿著這條道路前進(jìn)，使我國社會主義民主政治展現(xiàn)出更加旺盛的生命力。

The socialist path of making political advance with Chinese characteristics is a correct path that rallies people in their hundreds of millions in pursuing a common cause.We must advance unwaveringly along this path to ensure that China’s socialist democracy has ever greater vitality.六、扎實推進(jìn)社會主義文化強(qiáng)國建設(shè)

VI.Developing a Strong Socialist Culture in China 文化是民族的血脈，是人民的精神家園。全面建成小康社會，實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興，必須推動社會主義文化大發(fā)展大繁榮，興起社會主義文化建設(shè)新高潮，提高國家文化軟實力，發(fā)揮文化引領(lǐng)風(fēng)尚、教育人民、服務(wù)社會、推動發(fā)展的作用。

Culture is the lifeblood of a nation, and it gives the people a sense of belonging.To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieve the great renewal of the Chinese nation, we must create a new surge in promoting socialist culture and bring about its great development and enrichment, increase China’s cultural soft power, and enable culture to guide social trends, educate the people, serve society, and boost development.建設(shè)社會主義文化強(qiáng)國，必須走中國特色社會主義文化發(fā)展道路，堅持為人民服務(wù)、為社會主義服務(wù)的方向，堅持百花齊放、百家爭鳴的方針，堅持貼近實際、貼近生活、貼近群眾的原則，推動社會主義精神文明和物質(zhì)文明全面發(fā)展，建設(shè)面向現(xiàn)代化、面向世界、面向未來的，民族的科學(xué)的大眾的社會主義文化。

To develop a strong socialist culture in China, we must take the socialist path of promoting cultural advance with Chinese characteristics.We should adhere to the goal of serving the people and socialism, the policy of having a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, and the principle of maintaining close contact with reality, life and the people.We should fully promote socialist cultural and ethical progress and material progress, and develop a national, scientific, and people-oriented socialist culture that embraces modernization, the world, and the future.建設(shè)社會主義文化強(qiáng)國，關(guān)鍵是增強(qiáng)全民族文化創(chuàng)造活力。要深化文化體制改革，解放和發(fā)展文化生產(chǎn)力，發(fā)揚學(xué)術(shù)民主、藝術(shù)民主，為人民提供廣闊文化舞臺，讓一切文化創(chuàng)造源泉充分涌流，開創(chuàng)全民族文化創(chuàng)造活力持續(xù)迸發(fā)、社會文化生活更加豐富多彩、人民基本文化權(quán)益得到更好保障、人民思想道德素質(zhì)和科學(xué)文化素質(zhì)全面提高、中華文化國際影響力不斷增強(qiáng)的新局面。To develop a strong socialist culture in China, it is critical to inspire the cultural creativity of the whole nation.We should deepen reform of the cultural sector, release and develop cultural productive forces, foster a democratic atmosphere in both academic research and artistic pursuit, create a vast cultural arena for the people and encourage the free flow of cultural inspiration from all sources.By doing so, we will open up a new horizon in promoting China’s cultural advance: The Chinese nation’s cultural creativity will continuously burst forth;China’s cultural life will flourish as never before;people’s basic cultural rights and interests will be better protected;the ethical and moral standards as well as the scientific and cultural standards of the people will be fully raised, and the international influence of Chinese culture will steadily

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increase.（一）加強(qiáng)社會主義核心價值體系建設(shè)。社會主義核心價值體系是興國之魂，決定著中國特色社會主義發(fā)展方向。要深入開展社會主義核心價值體系學(xué)習(xí)教育，用社會主義核心價值體系引領(lǐng)社會思潮、凝聚社會共識。推進(jìn)馬克思主義中國化時代化大眾化，堅持不懈用中國特色社會主義理論體系武裝全黨、教育人民，深入實施馬克思主義理論研究和建設(shè)工程，建設(shè)哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)創(chuàng)新體系，推動中國特色社會主義理論體系進(jìn)教材進(jìn)課堂進(jìn)頭腦。廣泛開展理想信念教育，把廣大人民團(tuán)結(jié)凝聚在中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟之下。大力弘揚民族精神和時代精神，深入開展愛國主義、集體主義、社會主義教育，豐富人民精神世界，增強(qiáng)人民精神力量。倡導(dǎo)富強(qiáng)、民主、文明、和諧，倡導(dǎo)自由、平等、公正、法治，倡導(dǎo)愛國、敬業(yè)、誠信、友善，積極培育和踐行社會主義核心價值觀。牢牢掌握意識形態(tài)工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)和主導(dǎo)權(quán)，堅持正確導(dǎo)向，提高引導(dǎo)能力，壯大主流思想輿論。1.Strengthen core socialist values Core socialist values are the soul of the Chinese nation and serve as the guide for building socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should carry out thorough study of and education in these values and use them to guide social trends of thought and forge public consensus.We should continue to adapt Marxism to China’s conditions in keeping up with the times and increase its appeal to the people, work hard to equip the whole Party with the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics and educate the people in these theories.We should further implement the national project to study and develop Marxist theory, build an innovation system in philosophy and the social sciences, incorporate the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics into the curriculum and make it a way of thinking.We should carry out extensive education about our ideal and conviction, and rally the people under the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should vigorously foster China’s national character and promote the underlying trend of the times, intensify education in patriotism, collectivism and socialism, and enrich people’s cultural life and enhance their moral strength.We should promote prosperity, democracy, civility, and harmony, uphold freedom, equality, justice and the rule of law and advocate patriotism, dedication, integrity, and friendship, so as to cultivate and observe core socialist values.We should maintain leadership and initiative in theoretical work, provide correct guidance, enhance our ability to guide public opinion, and strengthen the influence of the underlying trend of thought in our country.（二）全面提高公民道德素質(zhì)。這是社會主義道德建設(shè)的基本任務(wù)。要堅持依法治國和以德治國相結(jié)合，加強(qiáng)社會公德、職業(yè)道德、家庭美德、個人品德教育，弘揚中華傳統(tǒng)美德，弘揚時代新風(fēng)。推進(jìn)公民道德建設(shè)工程，弘揚真善美、貶斥假惡丑，引導(dǎo)人們自覺履行法定義務(wù)、社會責(zé)任、家庭責(zé)任，營造勞動光榮、創(chuàng)造偉大的社會氛圍，培育知榮辱、講正氣、作奉獻(xiàn)、促和諧的良好風(fēng)尚。深入開展道德領(lǐng)域突出問題專項教育和治理，加強(qiáng)政務(wù)誠信、商務(wù)誠信、社會誠信和司法公信建設(shè)。加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)思想政治工作，注重人文關(guān)懷和心理疏導(dǎo)，培育自尊自信、理性平和、積極向上的社會心態(tài)。深化群眾性精神文明創(chuàng)建活動，廣泛開展志愿服務(wù)，推動學(xué)雷鋒活動、學(xué)習(xí)宣傳道德模范常態(tài)化。2.Improve civic morality in an all-around way This is the basic task for strengthening socialist morals.We should integrate the rule of law with the rule of virtue, intensify education in public morality, professional ethics, family virtues, and individual integrity, and advocate traditional Chinese virtues and new trends of the times.We should press ahead with the program for improving civic morality, exalt the true, the good, and the beautiful and reject the false, the evil, and the ugly.We should encourage people to willingly meet

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their statutory duties and obligations to society and family.We should create a social atmosphere in which work is honored and creation is lauded, and cultivate social trends of recognizing honor and disgrace, practicing integrity, encouraging dedication, and promoting harmony.We should carry out thorough education to address serious ethical problems, and step up efforts to enhance government integrity, business and social ethics and judicial integrity.We should strengthen and improve education in values, provide compassionate care and psychological counseling, and cultivate self-respect, self-confidence, a sense of being rational, composure, and a desire to excel oneself among the people.We should conduct more public activities to promote cultural and ethical progress, encourage volunteer service, and carry out regular activities to learn from paragons of virtue such as Lei Feng and publicize their exemplary deeds.（三）豐富人民精神文化生活。讓人民享有健康豐富的精神文化生活，是全面建成小康社會的重要內(nèi)容。要堅持以人民為中心的創(chuàng)作導(dǎo)向，提高文化產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，為人民提供更好更多精神食糧。堅持面向基層、服務(wù)群眾，加快推進(jìn)重點文化惠民工程，加大對農(nóng)村和欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)文化建設(shè)的幫扶力度，繼續(xù)推動公共文化服務(wù)設(shè)施向社會免費開放。建設(shè)優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化傳承體系，弘揚中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化。推廣和規(guī)范使用國家通用語言文字。繁榮發(fā)展少數(shù)民族文化事業(yè)。開展群眾性文化活動，引導(dǎo)群眾在文化建設(shè)中自我表現(xiàn)、自我教育、自我服務(wù)。開展全民閱讀活動。加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)容建設(shè)，唱響網(wǎng)上主旋律。加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)社會管理，推進(jìn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)依法規(guī)范有序運行。開展“掃黃打非”，抵制低俗現(xiàn)象。普及科學(xué)知識，弘揚科學(xué)精神，提高全民科學(xué)素養(yǎng)。廣泛開展全民健身運動，促進(jìn)群眾體育和競技體育全面發(fā)展。3.Enrich people’s intellectual and cultural lives Enabling the people to lead healthy and rich intellectual and cultural lives is an important part of our efforts to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We should pursue people-centered cultural creation, and create better cultural products to provide the people with more and better nourishments for the mind.We should be community-and people-focused in our cultural work, carry out at a faster pace key cultural projects that benefit the people, increase support for promoting cultural progress in rural areas and underdeveloped areas and open more public cultural service facilities to the public free of charge.We should develop a system for carrying forward fine traditional culture and promote outstanding traditional Chinese culture.We should extend and standardize the use of the standard Chinese language.We should promote the development and flourishing of cultural activities of ethnic minorities.We should carry out public cultural activities and guide the people to express, educate, and serve themselves in the course of developing culture.We should launch reading programs for the general public.We should improve the contents of online services and advocate healthy themes on the Internet.We should strengthen social management of the Internet and promote orderly network operation in accordance with laws and regulations.We should crack down on pornography and illegal publications and resist vulgar trends.We should extend scientific knowledge, foster respect for science, and make the whole nation better educated in science.We should carry out fitness activities across the country and fully promote both recreational and competitive sports.（四）增強(qiáng)文化整體實力和競爭力。文化實力和競爭力是國家富強(qiáng)、民族振興的重要標(biāo)志。要堅持把社會效益放在首位、社會效益和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益相統(tǒng)一，推動文化事業(yè)全面繁榮、文化產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。發(fā)展哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)、新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)事業(yè)。加強(qiáng)重大公共文化工程和文化項目建設(shè)，完善公共文化服務(wù)體系，提高服務(wù)效能。促進(jìn)文化和科技融合，發(fā)展新型文化業(yè)態(tài)，提高文化產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)?；?、集約化、專業(yè)化水平。構(gòu)建和發(fā)展現(xiàn)代傳播體系，提高傳播能力。增強(qiáng)國有公益性文化單位活力，完善經(jīng)營性文化單位法人治理結(jié)構(gòu)，繁榮文化 33

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市場。擴(kuò)大文化領(lǐng)域?qū)ν忾_放，積極吸收借鑒國外優(yōu)秀文化成果。營造有利于高素質(zhì)文化人才大量涌現(xiàn)、健康成長的良好環(huán)境，造就一批名家大師和民族文化代表人物，表彰有杰出貢獻(xiàn)的文化工作者。

4.Enhance the overall strength and international competitiveness of Chinese culture The strength and international competitiveness of Chinese culture are an important indicator of China’s power and prosperity and the renewal of the Chinese nation.We should promote rapid development and all-around flourishing of the cultural industry and cultural services and ensure both social effect and economic benefits, with priority on the former.We should develop philosophy and the social sciences, the press and publishing, radio, television and films, and literature and art.We should launch more major public cultural projects and programs, improve the public cultural service system, and make such services more efficient.We should promote integration of culture with science and technology, develop new forms of cultural operations, and make cultural operations larger in size and more specialized.We should develop a modern communications network to improve our capacity for communications.We should invigorate state-owned non-profit cultural institutions, improve corporate governance of profit-oriented cultural entities, and create a thriving cultural market.We should open the cultural sector wider to the outside world and draw on cultural achievements of other countries.We should foster a fine environment that enables a large number of talented cultural figures, particularly eminent cultural figures and representatives of Chinese culture, to distinguish themselves in artistic pursuit.We should honor cultural personalities with outstanding contribution.我們一定要堅持社會主義先進(jìn)文化前進(jìn)方向，樹立高度的文化自覺和文化自信，向著建設(shè)社會主義文化強(qiáng)國宏偉目標(biāo)闊步前進(jìn)。

We must adhere to the goal of advancing socialist culture, deepen our awareness of and confidence in Chinese culture, and strive to meet the grand goal of developing a strong socialist culture in China.七、在改善民生和創(chuàng)新管理中加強(qiáng)社會建設(shè)

VII.Strengthening Social Development by Improving the People’s Wellbeing and Making Innovations in Management 加強(qiáng)社會建設(shè)，是社會和諧穩(wěn)定的重要保證。必須從維護(hù)最廣大人民根本利益的高度，加快健全基本公共服務(wù)體系，加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會管理，推動社會主義和諧社會建設(shè)。

Strengthening social development is an important guarantee for maintaining social harmony and stability.We must intensify our efforts to improve the basic public service system, strengthen and make innovations in social management, and boost the building of a harmonious socialist society in order to uphold the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.加強(qiáng)社會建設(shè)，必須以保障和改善民生為重點。提高人民物質(zhì)文化生活水平，是改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的根本目的。要多謀民生之利，多解民生之憂，解決好人民最關(guān)心最直接最現(xiàn)實的利益問題，在學(xué)有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫(yī)、老有所養(yǎng)、住有所居上持續(xù)取得新進(jìn)展，努力讓人民過上更好生活。

In strengthening social development, we must give high priority to ensuring and improving the people’s wellbeing.To improve people’s material and cultural lives is the fundamental purpose of reform and opening up and socialist modernization.We should bring as much benefit as possible to the people, resolve as many difficulties as possible for them, and solve the most pressing and real problems of the greatest concern to them.We should keep making progress in ensuring that all

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the people enjoy their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing so that they will lead a better life.加強(qiáng)社會建設(shè)，必須加快推進(jìn)社會體制改革。要圍繞構(gòu)建中國特色社會主義社會管理體系，加快形成黨委領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、政府負(fù)責(zé)、社會協(xié)同、公眾參與、法治保障的社會管理體制，加快形成政府主導(dǎo)、覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)、可持續(xù)的基本公共服務(wù)體系，加快形成政社分開、權(quán)責(zé)明確、依法自治的現(xiàn)代社會組織體制，加快形成源頭治理、動態(tài)管理、應(yīng)急處置相結(jié)合的社會管理機(jī)制。To strengthen social development, we must accelerate social structural reform.With the aim of establishing a socialist system of social management with Chinese characteristics, we should quicken the pace of building the following mechanisms and systems: a law-based social management system featuring Party committee leadership, government execution, nongovernmental support and public participation;a basic public service system that is government-led and sustainable and covers both urban and rural areas;a system of modern social organizations in which functions of the government are separated from those of social organizations, rights and responsibilities are clearly established, and social organizations exercise autonomy in accordance with the law;and a social management mechanism that resolves public complaints at the source, exercises dynamic administration, and responds to emergencies.（一）努力辦好人民滿意的教育。教育是民族振興和社會進(jìn)步的基石。要堅持教育優(yōu)先發(fā)展，全面貫徹黨的教育方針，堅持教育為社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)服務(wù)、為人民服務(wù)，把立德樹人作為教育的根本任務(wù)，培養(yǎng)德智體美全面發(fā)展的社會主義建設(shè)者和接班人。全面實施素質(zhì)教育，深化教育領(lǐng)域綜合改革，著力提高教育質(zhì)量，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生社會責(zé)任感、創(chuàng)新精神、實踐能力。辦好學(xué)前教育，均衡發(fā)展九年義務(wù)教育，基本普及高中階段教育，加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育，推動高等教育內(nèi)涵式發(fā)展，積極發(fā)展繼續(xù)教育，完善終身教育體系，建設(shè)學(xué)習(xí)型社會。大力促進(jìn)教育公平，合理配置教育資源，重點向農(nóng)村、邊遠(yuǎn)、貧困、民族地區(qū)傾斜，支持特殊教育，提高家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生資助水平，積極推動農(nóng)民工子女平等接受教育，讓每個孩子都能成為有用之才。鼓勵引導(dǎo)社會力量興辦教育。加強(qiáng)教師隊伍建設(shè)，提高師德水平和業(yè)務(wù)能力，增強(qiáng)教師教書育人的榮譽感和責(zé)任感。

1.Work hard to run education to the satisfaction of the people Education is the cornerstone of national renewal and social progress.We must give high priority to developing education, implement the Party’s education policy to the letter, ensure that education serves socialist modernization and the people, take fostering integrity and promoting rounded development of people as the fundamental task of education, and train participants of and successors to the socialist cause who develop morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically.We should provide well-rounded education for all students, deepen overall education reform, focus on improving the quality of education, and cultivate in students a sense of social responsibility, a spirit of innovation and the ability to acquire practical skills.We should develop preschool education, promote balanced development of nine-year compulsory education, make senior secondary education basically universal, accelerate development of modern vocational education, and bring out the full potential for development of higher education.We should actively develop continuing education, improve the system of lifelong education, and build a learning society.We should vigorously promote fairness in education, and ensure balanced allocation of educational resources with a focus on rural, remote, poor and ethnic minority areas.We should support special education, increase subsidies to students from poor families, and ensure that children of rural migrant workers in cities have equal access to education.All this is designed to help all children gain required knowledge and skills.We should encourage and guide

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nongovernmental entities to run educational programs.We should strengthen the ranks of teachers, and enhance their work ethics and professional competence as well as their sense of honor and responsibility as teachers.（二）推動實現(xiàn)更高質(zhì)量的就業(yè)。就業(yè)是民生之本。要貫徹勞動者自主就業(yè)、市場調(diào)節(jié)就業(yè)、政府促進(jìn)就業(yè)和鼓勵創(chuàng)業(yè)的方針，實施就業(yè)優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略和更加積極的就業(yè)政策。引導(dǎo)勞動者轉(zhuǎn)變就業(yè)觀念，鼓勵多渠道多形式就業(yè)，促進(jìn)創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動就業(yè)，做好以高校畢業(yè)生為重點的青年就業(yè)工作和農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力、城鎮(zhèn)困難人員、退役軍人就業(yè)工作。加強(qiáng)職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)，提升勞動者就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)能力，增強(qiáng)就業(yè)穩(wěn)定性。健全人力資源市場，完善就業(yè)服務(wù)體系，增強(qiáng)失業(yè)保險對促進(jìn)就業(yè)的作用。健全勞動標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系和勞動關(guān)系協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)勞動保障監(jiān)察和爭議調(diào)解仲裁，構(gòu)建和諧勞動關(guān)系。

2.Deliver a better job in creating employment Employment is crucial to the people’s wellbeing.We must implement the principle of promoting self-reliant employment, market-regulated employment and government-backed employment and entrepreneurship, the strategy of giving top priority to employment and a proactive employment policy.We should ensure that people have realistic expectations about employment, encourage creating employment through multiple channels and forms, and expand job opportunities by creating new businesses.We should increase job opportunities for young people, especially university graduates, the rural migrant labor force, urban residents who have difficulty finding jobs, and ex-servicepersons.We should strengthen vocational skill training;improve people’s ability to find jobs and start up their own businesses;and enhance employment stability.We should improve the human resources market and employment services, and make unemployment insurance play a bigger role in promoting employment.We should improve the system of labor standards and the mechanism for harmonizing labor relations, strengthen supervision of labor protection and labor dispute mediation and arbitration, and build harmonious labor relations.（三）千方百計增加居民收入。實現(xiàn)發(fā)展成果由人民共享，必須深化收入分配制度改革，努力實現(xiàn)居民收入增長和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展同步、勞動報酬增長和勞動生產(chǎn)率提高同步，提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動報酬在初次分配中的比重。初次分配和再分配都要兼顧效率和公平，再分配更加注重公平。完善勞動、資本、技術(shù)、管理等要素按貢獻(xiàn)參與分配的初次分配機(jī)制，加快健全以稅收、社會保障、轉(zhuǎn)移支付為主要手段的再分配調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制。深化企業(yè)和機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位工資制度改革，推行企業(yè)工資集體協(xié)商制度，保護(hù)勞動所得。多渠道增加居民財產(chǎn)性收入。規(guī)范收入分配秩序，保護(hù)合法收入，增加低收入者收入，調(diào)節(jié)過高收入，取締非法收入。

3.Make every effort to increase individual income To ensure that the people share in the fruits of development, we must deepen reform of the income distribution system, and increase individual income in step with economic development and work remuneration in step with improvement in labor productivity, and we should raise the share of individual income in the distribution of national income and increase the share of work remuneration in primary distribution.A proper balance should be struck between efficiency and fairness in both primary and secondary distribution, with particular emphasis on fairness in secondary distribution.We should improve the primary distribution system to allow factors of production such as labor, capital, technology and managerial expertise to have their due share of income according to their respective contribution;and we should take speedy steps to improve the mechanism of secondary distribution regulating income distribution mainly through taxation, social security, and transfer payments.We should deepen reform of the wage and salary system in

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enterprises, government bodies and public institutions, promote collective bargaining on wages in enterprises, and protect income earned through work.We should increase proprietary individual income through multiple channels.We should improve the way in which income is distributed, protect lawful income, increase the income of low-income groups, adjust excessively high income, and prohibit illicit income.（四）統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)社會保障體系建設(shè)。社會保障是保障人民生活、調(diào)節(jié)社會分配的一項基本制度。要堅持全覆蓋、?；?、多層次、可持續(xù)方針，以增強(qiáng)公平性、適應(yīng)流動性、保證可持續(xù)性為重點，全面建成覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會保障體系。改革和完善企業(yè)和機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位社會保險制度，整合城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險和基本醫(yī)療保險制度，逐步做實養(yǎng)老保險個人賬戶，實現(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金全國統(tǒng)籌，建立兼顧各類人員的社會保障待遇確定機(jī)制和正常調(diào)整機(jī)制。擴(kuò)大社會保障基金籌資渠道，建立社會保險基金投資運營制度，確?；鸢踩捅Ｖ翟鲋?。完善社會救助體系，健全社會福利制度，支持發(fā)展慈善事業(yè)，做好優(yōu)撫安置工作。建立市場配置和政府保障相結(jié)合的住房制度，加強(qiáng)保障性住房建設(shè)和管理，滿足困難家庭基本需求。堅持男女平等基本國策，保障婦女兒童合法權(quán)益。積極應(yīng)對人口老齡化，大力發(fā)展老齡服務(wù)事業(yè)和產(chǎn)業(yè)。健全殘疾人社會保障和服務(wù)體系，切實保障殘疾人權(quán)益。健全社會保障經(jīng)辦管理體制，建立更加便民快捷的服務(wù)體系。

4.Promote coordinated development of the social security system in urban and rural areas Social security is a basic system for ensuring people’s livelihood and adjusting social distribution.We should institute a complete, multi-tiered and sustainable system for providing basic social security for both the urban and rural population, with emphasis on making the system more equitable and sustainable and ensuring the smooth transfer of social security accounts between localities.We should reform and improve the social insurance system for enterprises as well as government bodies and public institutions, integrate the basic old-age insurance and basic medical insurance systems for non-working urban residents and the rural population, provide sufficient funding for personal accounts for old-age insurance in a phased way, place basic pensions under unified national planning, and establish mechanisms for setting standards on social security benefits and regularly adjusting them that give due consideration to the interests of people from all walks of life.We should widen channels for raising money for social security funds, introduce a system to manage investment operations of social insurance funds, and ensure that these funds are safe and appreciate over time.We should improve the social assistance system and the social welfare system, support the development of charities, and ensure preferential treatment to entitled groups.We should put in place a housing system that combines market supply and government support, strengthen construction and management of low-income housing, and better meet poor families’ basic housing needs.We should adhere to the basic state policy of gender equality and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women and children.We should actively address population aging and vigorously develop old-age services.We should improve the social security and service systems for the disabled and effectively protect their rights and interests.We should improve the mechanism for supervising the work of social security agencies and make social security services more convenient and efficient.（五）提高人民健康水平。健康是促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展的必然要求。要堅持為人民健康服務(wù)的方向，堅持預(yù)防為主、以農(nóng)村為重點、中西醫(yī)并重，按照?；尽?qiáng)基層、建機(jī)制要求，重點推進(jìn)醫(yī)療保障、醫(yī)療服務(wù)、公共衛(wèi)生、藥品供應(yīng)、監(jiān)管體制綜合改革，完善國民健康政策，為群眾提供安全有效方便價廉的公共衛(wèi)生和基本醫(yī)療服務(wù)。健全全民醫(yī)保體系，建立重特大疾病保障和救助機(jī)制，完善突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)急和重大疾病防控機(jī)制。鞏固基本藥物制度。37

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健全農(nóng)村三級醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和城市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系，深化公立醫(yī)院改革，鼓勵社會辦醫(yī)。扶持中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展。提高醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生隊伍服務(wù)能力，加強(qiáng)醫(yī)德醫(yī)風(fēng)建設(shè)。改革和完善食品藥品安全監(jiān)管體制機(jī)制。開展愛國衛(wèi)生運動，促進(jìn)人民身心健康。堅持計劃生育的基本國策，提高出生人口素質(zhì)，逐步完善政策，促進(jìn)人口長期均衡發(fā)展。5.Improve people’s health Good health is a prerequisite for promoting well-rounded development of the person.Keeping to the goal of improving people’s health, we should put disease prevention first, make rural areas the focus of our work, support both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, establish a sound mechanism for basic medical and health care and strengthen such endeavor at the community level.We should give high priority to carrying out overall reform in medical insurance, medical treatment, public health, drug supply, and the mechanism of monitoring and supervision, and we should improve the policy for enhancing people’s health and provide them with safe, effective, convenient and affordable public health services and basic medical care.We should improve the medical insurance system that covers the whole population, establish a mechanism to provide insurance and aid in treating major and very serious diseases, and improve mechanisms for handling public health emergencies and for preventing and controlling major diseases.We should consolidate the system for using basic drugs.We should improve the rural medical and health service network at county, township and village levels and the system of urban community health services, deepen reform of public hospitals, and encourage the development of private hospitals.We should support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities.We should ensure that medical personnel provide better services and improve their work ethics.We should reform and improve institutions and mechanisms for managing and supervising food and drug safety.We should launch patriotic sanitation campaigns and ensure that people have good health and a sense of contentment.We must adhere to the basic state policy of family planning, improve the health of newborns, steadily improve the population policy and promote long-term and balanced population growth.（六）加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會管理。提高社會管理科學(xué)化水平，必須加強(qiáng)社會管理法律、體制機(jī)制、能力、人才隊伍和信息化建設(shè)。改進(jìn)政府提供公共服務(wù)方式，加強(qiáng)基層社會管理和服務(wù)體系建設(shè)，增強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)服務(wù)功能，強(qiáng)化企事業(yè)單位、人民團(tuán)體在社會管理和服務(wù)中的職責(zé)，引導(dǎo)社會組織健康有序發(fā)展，充分發(fā)揮群眾參與社會管理的基礎(chǔ)作用。完善和創(chuàng)新流動人口和特殊人群管理服務(wù)。正確處理人民內(nèi)部矛盾，建立健全黨和政府主導(dǎo)的維護(hù)群眾權(quán)益機(jī)制，完善信訪制度，完善人民調(diào)解、行政調(diào)解、司法調(diào)解聯(lián)動的工作體系，暢通和規(guī)范群眾訴求表達(dá)、利益協(xié)調(diào)、權(quán)益保障渠道。建立健全重大決策社會穩(wěn)定風(fēng)險評估機(jī)制。強(qiáng)化公共安全體系和企業(yè)安全生產(chǎn)基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)，遏制重特大安全事故。加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)黨對政法工作的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，加強(qiáng)政法隊伍建設(shè)，切實肩負(fù)起中國特色社會主義事業(yè)建設(shè)者、捍衛(wèi)者的職責(zé)使命。深化平安建設(shè)，完善立體化社會治安防控體系，強(qiáng)化司法基本保障，依法防范和懲治違法犯罪活動，保障人民生命財產(chǎn)安全。完善國家安全戰(zhàn)略和工作機(jī)制，高度警惕和堅決防范敵對勢力的分裂、滲透、顛覆活動，確保國家安全。

6.Strengthen and make innovations in social management To conduct social management in a more scientific way, we must improve the laws, institutions and mechanisms concerning and capacity for social management, and train more personnel and promote IT application in this field.We should improve the way in which the government provides public services, strengthen the system of social management and services at the community level, and ensure that urban and rural communities provide better services.Enterprises，38

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public institutions and people’s organizations should play a better role in conducting social management and providing related services.We should guide social organizations to develop in a healthy and orderly way and fully leverage the fundamental role of the people in social management.We should improve and make innovations in the management relating to and services for the floating population and special groups.We should correctly handle problems among the people, and put in place a sound mechanism in which the Party and the government play the leading role in upholding the rights and interests of the people.We should improve the system for handling people’s complaints expressed in letters or visits, and improve the integrated system of mediation by the people, administrative mediation and judicial mediation.We should maintain regular and open channels for the people to voice their demands, for coordinating their interests and for protecting their rights and interests.We should establish a sound mechanism for assessing potential risks major policy decisions may pose to social stability.We should improve the public safety system and the workplace safety environment in enterprises to curb major and very serious accidents.We should strengthen and improve the Party’s leadership over the work of judicial, procuratorial, and public security organs, and strengthen their ranks, so that they can fulfill their duties in carrying forward and protecting the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should intensify efforts to ensure law and order, improve the multi-dimensional system for crime prevention and control, strengthen the infrastructure of judicial bodies, and prevent and punish criminal and illegal activities in accordance with the law to protect the people’s lives and property.We should improve the national security strategy and its work mechanism, and keep high vigilance against and resolutely forestall separatist activities and activities of infiltration and subversion carried out by hostile forces, so as to ensure national security.全黨全國人民行動起來，就一定能開創(chuàng)社會和諧人人有責(zé)、和諧社會人人共享的生動局面。As long as the whole Party and all the people make concerted efforts, we can foster a dynamic environment in which everyone contributes to social harmony and benefits from a harmonious society.八、大力推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)

VIII.Making Great Efforts to Promote Ecological Progress 建設(shè)生態(tài)文明，是關(guān)系人民福祉、關(guān)乎民族未來的長遠(yuǎn)大計。面對資源約束趨緊、環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)退化的嚴(yán)峻形勢，必須樹立尊重自然、順應(yīng)自然、保護(hù)自然的生態(tài)文明理念，把生態(tài)文明建設(shè)放在突出地位，融入經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)各方面和全過程，努力建設(shè)美麗中國，實現(xiàn)中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展。

Promoting ecological progress is a long-term task of vital importance to the people’s wellbeing and China’s future.Faced with increasing resource constraints, severe environmental pollution and a deteriorating ecosystem, we must raise our ecological awareness of the need to respect, accommodate to and protect nature.We must give high priority to making ecological progress and incorporate it into all aspects and the whole process of advancing economic, political, cultural, and social progress, work hard to build a beautiful country, and achieve lasting and sustainable development of the Chinese nation.堅持節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的基本國策，堅持節(jié)約優(yōu)先、保護(hù)優(yōu)先、自然恢復(fù)為主的方針，著力推進(jìn)綠色發(fā)展、循環(huán)發(fā)展、低碳發(fā)展，形成節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的空間格局、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)方式、生活方式，從源頭上扭轉(zhuǎn)生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化趨勢，為人民創(chuàng)造良好生產(chǎn)生活環(huán)境，為全球生態(tài)安全作出貢獻(xiàn)。

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We should remain committed to the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment as well as the principle of giving high priority to conserving resources, protecting the environment and promoting its natural restoration, and strive for green, circular and low-carbon development.We should preserve our geographical space and improve our industrial structure, way of production and way of life in the interest of conserving resources and protecting the environment.We should address the root cause of deterioration of the ecological environment so as to reverse this trend, create a sound working and living environment for the people, and contribute our share to global ecological security.（一）優(yōu)化國土空間開發(fā)格局。國土是生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的空間載體，必須珍惜每一寸國土。要按照人口資源環(huán)境相均衡、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會生態(tài)效益相統(tǒng)一的原則，控制開發(fā)強(qiáng)度，調(diào)整空間結(jié)構(gòu)，促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)空間集約高效、生活空間宜居適度、生態(tài)空間山清水秀，給自然留下更多修復(fù)空間，給農(nóng)業(yè)留下更多良田，給子孫后代留下天藍(lán)、地綠、水凈的美好家園。加快實施主體功能區(qū)戰(zhàn)略，推動各地區(qū)嚴(yán)格按照主體功能定位發(fā)展，構(gòu)建科學(xué)合理的城市化格局、農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展格局、生態(tài)安全格局。提高海洋資源開發(fā)能力，發(fā)展海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)，保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境，堅決維護(hù)國家海洋權(quán)益，建設(shè)海洋強(qiáng)國。

1.Improve development of China’s geographical space It is in geographical space that ecological progress can be advanced, and we must cherish every bit of it.Guided by the principle of maintaining balance between population, resources and the environment and promoting economic, social and ecological benefits, we should keep the pace of development under control and regulate its space composition.We should ensure that the space for production is used intensively and efficiently, that the living space is livable and proper in size, and that the ecological space is unspoiled and beautiful;and we should leave more space for nature to achieve self-renewal.We should keep more farmland for farmers, and leave to our future generations a beautiful homeland with green fields, clean water and a blue sky.We should ensure the speedy implementation of the functional zoning strategy and require all regions to pursue development in strict accordance with this strategy, and advance urbanization, agricultural development and ecological security in a scientific and balanced way.We should enhance our capacity for exploiting marine resources, develop the marine economy, protect the marine ecological environment, resolutely safeguard China’s maritime rights and interests, and build China into a maritime power.（二）全面促進(jìn)資源節(jié)約。節(jié)約資源是保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的根本之策。要節(jié)約集約利用資源，推動資源利用方式根本轉(zhuǎn)變，加強(qiáng)全過程節(jié)約管理，大幅降低能源、水、土地消耗強(qiáng)度，提高利用效率和效益。推動能源生產(chǎn)和消費革命，控制能源消費總量，加強(qiáng)節(jié)能降耗，支持節(jié)能低碳產(chǎn)業(yè)和新能源、可再生能源發(fā)展，確保國家能源安全。加強(qiáng)水源地保護(hù)和用水總量管理，推進(jìn)水循環(huán)利用，建設(shè)節(jié)水型社會。嚴(yán)守耕地保護(hù)紅線，嚴(yán)格土地用途管制。加強(qiáng)礦產(chǎn)資源勘查、保護(hù)、合理開發(fā)。發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)，促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)、流通、消費過程的減量化、再利用、資源化。

2.Promote all-around resource conservation Resource conservation is an important way to protect the ecological environment.We should conserve resources and use them efficiently and bring about a fundamental change in the way resources are utilized.We should strengthen conservation efforts all the way, drastically reduce energy, water and land consumption per unit of GDP, and use such resources in a better and more efficient way.We should launch a revolution in energy production and consumption, impose a ceiling on total energy consumption, save energy and reduce its consumption.We should support

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the development of energy-efficient and low-carbon industries, new energy sources and renewable energy sources and ensure China’s energy security.We should better protect water sources, impose a cap on total water consumption, promote water recycling, and build a water-conserving society.We should ensure that the red line for protecting farmland is not crossed and strictly control land uses.We should strengthen exploration, protection and proper exploitation of mineral resources.We should develop a circular economy to reduce waste and resource consumption, reuse resources and recycle waste in the process of production, distribution and consumption.（三）加大自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和環(huán)境保護(hù)力度。良好生態(tài)環(huán)境是人和社會持續(xù)發(fā)展的根本基礎(chǔ)。要實施重大生態(tài)修復(fù)工程，增強(qiáng)生態(tài)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)能力，推進(jìn)荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失綜合治理，擴(kuò)大森林、湖泊、濕地面積，保護(hù)生物多樣性。加快水利建設(shè)，增強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)防洪抗旱排澇能力。加強(qiáng)防災(zāi)減災(zāi)體系建設(shè)，提高氣象、地質(zhì)、地震災(zāi)害防御能力。堅持預(yù)防為主、綜合治理，以解決損害群眾健康突出環(huán)境問題為重點，強(qiáng)化水、大氣、土壤等污染防治。堅持共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任原則、公平原則、各自能力原則，同國際社會一道積極應(yīng)對全球氣候變化。3.Intensify protection of the ecosystem and the environment A sound ecological environment is the fundamental basis for sustainable human and social development.We should launch major projects for restoring the ecosystem, increase our capacity for producing ecological products, take integrated steps to control desertification, stony deserts and soil erosion, enlarge forests, lakes and wetlands, and protect biodiversity.We should accelerate construction of water conservancy projects, and enhance our capacity for responding to floods, drought and waterlogging in urban and rural areas.We should improve the system for preventing and mitigating natural disasters and become better able to respond to meteorological, geological and seismic disasters.We should take a holistic approach to intensifying prevention and control of water, air and soil pollution, putting prevention first and placing emphasis on serious environmental problems that pose health hazards to the people.We will work with the international community to actively respond to global climate change on the basis of equity and in accordance with the common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities of all countries.（四）加強(qiáng)生態(tài)文明制度建設(shè)。保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境必須依靠制度。要把資源消耗、環(huán)境損害、生態(tài)效益納入經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展評價體系，建立體現(xiàn)生態(tài)文明要求的目標(biāo)體系、考核辦法、獎懲機(jī)制。建立國土空間開發(fā)保護(hù)制度，完善最嚴(yán)格的耕地保護(hù)制度、水資源管理制度、環(huán)境保護(hù)制度。深化資源性產(chǎn)品價格和稅費改革，建立反映市場供求和資源稀缺程度、體現(xiàn)生態(tài)價值和代際補(bǔ)償?shù)馁Y源有償使用制度和生態(tài)補(bǔ)償制度。積極開展節(jié)能量、碳排放權(quán)、排污權(quán)、水權(quán)交易試點。加強(qiáng)環(huán)境監(jiān)管，健全生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)責(zé)任追究制度和環(huán)境損害賠償制度。加強(qiáng)生態(tài)文明宣傳教育，增強(qiáng)全民節(jié)約意識、環(huán)保意識、生態(tài)意識，形成合理消費的社會風(fēng)尚，營造愛護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的良好風(fēng)氣。

4.Enhance system building to promote ecological progress System building is crucial to protecting the ecological environment.Resource consumption, environmental damage and ecological benefits should be covered by the system of standards for evaluating economic and social development, and related goals, evaluation methods and reward and punishment mechanisms should be adopted in keeping with the need of promoting ecological progress.We should establish a system for developing and protecting China’s geographical space and improve the system for providing the strictest possible protection for farmland and systems for managing water resources and protecting the environment.We should deepen reform of prices, taxes and fees for resource products, and establish a system for paying for resource consumption

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and compensating for ecological damage – a system that responds to market supply and demand and resource scarcity, recognizes ecological values and requires compensation in the interests of later generations.We should carry out trials for trading energy savings, carbon emission rights, pollution discharge rights and water rights.We should strengthen environmental monitoring and improve the system of accountability for ecological and environmental protection and the system of compensation for environmental damage.We should increase publicity of and education in ecological progress, raise public awareness of the need to conserve resources, protect the environment and promote ecological progress, and foster a social atmosphere of practicing moderate consumption and cherishing the ecological environment.我們一定要更加自覺地珍愛自然，更加積極地保護(hù)生態(tài)，努力走向社會主義生態(tài)文明新時代。We must treasure nature more consciously, protect the ecosystem more actively, and strive to usher in a new era of socialist ecological progress.九、加快推進(jìn)國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化

IX.Accelerating the Modernization of National Defense and the Armed Forces 建設(shè)與我國國際地位相稱、與國家安全和發(fā)展利益相適應(yīng)的鞏固國防和強(qiáng)大軍隊，是我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)。我國面臨的生存安全問題和發(fā)展安全問題、傳統(tǒng)安全威脅和非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅相互交織，要求國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)有一個大的發(fā)展。必須堅持以國家核心安全需求為導(dǎo)向，統(tǒng)籌經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和國防建設(shè)，按照國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)“三步走”戰(zhàn)略構(gòu)想，加緊完成機(jī)械化和信息化建設(shè)雙重歷史任務(wù)，力爭到二０二０年基本實現(xiàn)機(jī)械化，信息化建設(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展。

Building strong national defense and powerful armed forces that are commensurate with China’s international standing and meet the needs of its security and development interests is a strategic task of China’s modernization drive.China is faced with interwoven problems affecting its survival and development security as well as traditional and non-traditional security threats.To address these problems and threats, we must make major progress in modernizing national defense and the armed forces.We must, responding to China’s core security needs and following the three-step development strategy for modernizing national defense and the armed forces, ensure both economic development and development of defense capabilities, intensify efforts to accomplish the dual historic tasks of military mechanization and full IT application, striving to basically complete military mechanization and make major progress in full military IT application by 2020.國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，必須以毛澤東軍事思想、鄧小平新時期軍隊建設(shè)思想、江澤民國防和軍隊建設(shè)思想、黨關(guān)于新形勢下國防和軍隊建設(shè)思想為指導(dǎo)。要適應(yīng)國家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和安全戰(zhàn)略新要求，著眼全面履行新世紀(jì)新階段軍隊歷史使命，貫徹新時期積極防御軍事戰(zhàn)略方針，與時俱進(jìn)加強(qiáng)軍事戰(zhàn)略指導(dǎo)，高度關(guān)注海洋、太空、網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間安全，積極運籌和平時期軍事力量運用，不斷拓展和深化軍事斗爭準(zhǔn)備，提高以打贏信息化條件下局部戰(zhàn)爭能力為核心的完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)能力。

To modernize national defense and the armed forces, we must follow the guidance of Mao Zedong’s military thinking, Deng Xiaoping’s thinking on enhancing our military capabilities in the new historical period, Jiang Zemin’s thinking on strengthening our national defense and armed forces, and the Party’s thinking on strengthening our national defense and armed forces under new conditions.We should act to meet the new requirements of China’s national development and security strategies and ensure that the armed forces fully carry out their historic

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mission in the new stage in the new century.We should implement the military strategy of active defense for the new period, and enhance military strategic guidance as the times so require.We should attach great importance to maritime, space and cyberspace security.We should make active planning for the use of military forces in peacetime, expand and intensify military preparedness, and enhance the capability to accomplish a wide range of military tasks, the most important of which is to win local war in an information age.堅持以推動國防和軍隊建設(shè)科學(xué)發(fā)展為主題，以加快轉(zhuǎn)變戰(zhàn)斗力生成模式為主線，全面加強(qiáng)軍隊革命化現(xiàn)代化正規(guī)化建設(shè)。毫不動搖堅持黨對軍隊的絕對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，堅持不懈用中國特色社會主義理論體系武裝全軍，持續(xù)培育當(dāng)代革命軍人核心價值觀，大力發(fā)展先進(jìn)軍事文化，永葆人民軍隊性質(zhì)、本色、作風(fēng)。堅定不移把信息化作為軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)發(fā)展方向，推動信息化建設(shè)加速發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)高新技術(shù)武器裝備建設(shè)，加快全面建設(shè)現(xiàn)代后勤，培養(yǎng)大批高素質(zhì)新型軍事人才，深入開展信息化條件下軍事訓(xùn)練，增強(qiáng)基于信息系統(tǒng)的體系作戰(zhàn)能力。加大依法治軍、從嚴(yán)治軍力度，推動正規(guī)化建設(shè)向更高水平發(fā)展。

We should follow the guideline of strengthening national defense and the armed forces in a scientific way, take faster change of the way of raising military combat effectiveness as a major task, fully enhance the revolutionary nature of the armed forces and ensure that they are modern and follow standard procedures in all operations.We must unwaveringly adhere to the principle of the Party’s absolute leadership over the armed forces and continue to educate them in the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should constantly cultivate the core values of contemporary revolutionary service personnel, vigorously promote advanced military culture, and preserve the nature and the character of the military as the people’s army.We should unswervingly pursue full IT application as the goal in achieving military modernization and step up this effort.We should strengthen the development of new-and high-technology weapons and equipment, speed up the complete development of modern logistics, train a new type of high-caliber military personnel in large numbers, intensively carry out military training under computerized conditions, and enhance integrated combat capability based on extensive IT application.We should increase efforts to run the armed forces with strict discipline and in accordance with the law, and raise their standardization to a new level.緊跟世界新軍事革命加速發(fā)展的潮流，積極穩(wěn)妥進(jìn)行國防和軍隊改革，推動中國特色軍事變革深入發(fā)展。堅持以創(chuàng)新發(fā)展軍事理論為先導(dǎo)，著力提高國防科技工業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新能力，深入推進(jìn)軍隊組織形態(tài)現(xiàn)代化，構(gòu)建中國特色現(xiàn)代軍事力量體系。

We should closely follow the new global military revolution that is gathering pace, advance reform of our national defense and armed forces in a both active and prudent way, and deepen military transformation with Chinese characteristics.With innovative military theories taking the lead, we should enhance our capacity for innovation in defense-oriented research and industries, modernize the military organizational structure, and build a system of modern military forces with Chinese characteristics.堅持走中國特色軍民融合式發(fā)展路子，堅持富國和強(qiáng)軍相統(tǒng)一，加強(qiáng)軍民融合式發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃、體制機(jī)制建設(shè)、法規(guī)建設(shè)。加快建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化武裝警察力量。增強(qiáng)全民國防觀念，提高國防動員和后備力量建設(shè)質(zhì)量。鞏固和發(fā)展軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié)。

We should continue to follow a Chinese-style path that integrates the development of military and civilian sectors, combine efforts to make the country prosperous and the armed forces strong, and strengthen strategic planning, system building as well as related laws and regulations to boost the development of military and civilian sectors in an integrated way.We should speed up the building

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of a modern armed police force.We should raise public awareness of the importance of national defense and improve the capacity for national defense mobilization and the capability of our reserve forces.We should consolidate and increase unity between the military and the government and between the military and the civilians.中國奉行防御性的國防政策，加強(qiáng)國防建設(shè)的目的是維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、領(lǐng)土完整，保障國家和平發(fā)展。中國軍隊始終是維護(hù)世界和平的堅定力量，將一如既往同各國加強(qiáng)軍事合作、增進(jìn)軍事互信，參與地區(qū)和國際安全事務(wù)，在國際政治和安全領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮積極作用。

China pursues a national defense policy that is defensive in nature.Our endeavors to strengthen national defense aim to safeguard China’s sovereignty, security and territorial integrity and ensure its peaceful development.China’s armed forces have always been a staunch force upholding world peace and will continue to increase cooperation and mutual trust with the armed forces of other countries, participate in regional and international security affairs, and thus play an active role in international political and security fields.十、豐富“一國兩制”實踐和推進(jìn)祖國統(tǒng)一 X.Enriching the Practice of “One Country, Two Systems” and Advancing China’s Reunification 香港、澳門回歸以來，走上了同祖國內(nèi)地優(yōu)勢互補(bǔ)、共同發(fā)展的寬廣道路，“一國兩制”實踐取得舉世公認(rèn)的成功。中央政府對香港、澳門實行的各項方針政策，根本宗旨是維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益，保持香港、澳門長期繁榮穩(wěn)定。全面準(zhǔn)確貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，必須把堅持一國原則和尊重兩制差異、維護(hù)中央權(quán)力和保障特別行政區(qū)高度自治權(quán)、發(fā)揮祖國內(nèi)地堅強(qiáng)后盾作用和提高港澳自身競爭力有機(jī)結(jié)合起來，任何時候都不能偏廢。

Since their return to the motherland, Hong Kong and Macao have embarked on a broad road along which they and the mainland draw on each other’s strengths and pursue common development, and the success of the “one country, two systems” principle has won global recognition.The underlying goal of the principles and policies adopted by the central government concerning Hong Kong and Macao is to uphold China’s sovereignty, security and development interests and maintain long-term prosperity and stability of the two regions.We must fully and faithfully implement the principle of “one country, two systems,” under which the people of Hong Kong govern Hong Kong and the people of Macao govern Macao and both regions enjoy a high degree of autonomy.We must both adhere to the one-China principle and respect the differences of the two systems, both uphold the power of the central government and ensure a high degree of autonomy in the special administrative regions, both give play to the role of the mainland as the staunch supporter of Hong Kong and Macao and increase their competitiveness.At no time should we focus only on one side to the neglect of the other.中央政府將嚴(yán)格依照基本法辦事，完善與基本法實施相關(guān)的制度和機(jī)制，堅定支持特別行政區(qū)行政長官和政府依法施政，帶領(lǐng)香港、澳門各界人士集中精力發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、切實有效改善民生、循序漸進(jìn)推進(jìn)民主、包容共濟(jì)促進(jìn)和諧，深化內(nèi)地與香港、澳門經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系，推進(jìn)各領(lǐng)域交流合作，促進(jìn)香港同胞、澳門同胞在愛國愛港、愛國愛澳旗幟下的大團(tuán)結(jié)，防范和遏制外部勢力干預(yù)港澳事務(wù)。

The central government will act in strict accordance with the basic laws of the special administrative regions, improve work mechanisms for their enforcement, and firmly support the chief executives and governments of the two special administrative regions in governing the two regions in accordance with the law.The central government will firmly support them in leading

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the people from all walks of life in focusing on economic development, taking effective steps to improve the people’s wellbeing, and advancing orderly and phased-in democracy as well as inclusiveness, mutual support and harmony.The central government will increase economic ties and trade between the mainland and the two regions, and promote exchanges and cooperation between them in all fields.The central government will also firmly support the chief executives and governments of the two special administrative regions in promoting the unity of our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao under the banner of loving both the motherland and their respective regions and in guarding against and forestalling external intervention in the affairs of Hong Kong and Macao.我們堅信，香港同胞、澳門同胞不僅有智慧、有能力、有辦法把特別行政區(qū)管理好、建設(shè)好，也一定能在國家事務(wù)中發(fā)揮積極作用，同全國各族人民一道共享做中國人的尊嚴(yán)和榮耀。We are convinced that our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao not only have the wisdom, ability and resourcefulness to successfully govern and develop the two regions;they can certainly also play an active role in national affairs and share with other people of all ethnic groups in China the dignity and glory of being Chinese.解決臺灣問題、實現(xiàn)祖國完全統(tǒng)一，是不可阻擋的歷史進(jìn)程。和平統(tǒng)一最符合包括臺灣同胞在內(nèi)的中華民族的根本利益。實現(xiàn)和平統(tǒng)一首先要確保兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展。必須堅持“和平統(tǒng)一、一國兩制”方針，堅持發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、推進(jìn)祖國和平統(tǒng)一進(jìn)程的八項主張，全面貫徹兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展重要思想，鞏固和深化兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、社會基礎(chǔ)，為和平統(tǒng)一創(chuàng)造更充分的條件。

To resolve the Taiwan question and achieve the complete reunification of China is an irresistible historical process.Peaceful reunification is in the best interests of the Chinese nation, including our compatriots in Taiwan.To achieve peaceful reunification, we must, above everything else, ensure peaceful growth of relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.We must adhere to the principle of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems” and the eight-point proposal for growing cross-Straits relations and advancing peaceful reunification of the motherland.We must put into full practice the important thought of peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations, consolidate and strengthen the political, economic, cultural and social foundation for such growth, and create even better conditions for achieving peaceful reunification.我們要始終堅持一個中國原則。大陸和臺灣雖然尚未統(tǒng)一，但兩岸同屬一個中國的事實從未改變，國家領(lǐng)土和主權(quán)從未分割、也不容分割。兩岸雙方應(yīng)恪守反對“臺獨”、堅持“九二共識”的共同立場，增進(jìn)維護(hù)一個中國框架的共同認(rèn)知，在此基礎(chǔ)上求同存異。對臺灣任何政黨，只要不主張“臺獨”、認(rèn)同一個中國，我們都愿意同他們交往、對話、合作。

We must continue to adhere to the one-China principle.Although the mainland and Taiwan are yet to be reunified, the fact that both belong to one China has never changed.China’s territory and sovereignty have always been indivisible and no division will be tolerated.The two sides of the Taiwan Straits should uphold the common stand of opposing Taiwan independence and of following the 1992 Consensus.Both sides should increase their common commitment to upholding the one-China framework and, on this basis, expand common ground and set aside differences.We are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue and cooperation with any political party in Taiwan as long as it does not seek Taiwan independence and recognizes the one-China principle.我們要持續(xù)推進(jìn)兩岸交流合作。深化經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，厚植共同利益。擴(kuò)大文化交流，增強(qiáng)民族認(rèn)同。密切人民往來，融洽同胞感情。促進(jìn)平等協(xié)商，加強(qiáng)制度建設(shè)。希望雙方共同努力，探 45

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討國家尚未統(tǒng)一特殊情況下的兩岸政治關(guān)系，作出合情合理安排；商談建立兩岸軍事安全互信機(jī)制，穩(wěn)定臺海局勢；協(xié)商達(dá)成兩岸和平協(xié)議，開創(chuàng)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展新前景。

We should sustain cross-Straits exchanges and cooperation.We should deepen economic cooperation to increase common interests.We should expand cultural exchanges to enhance a common sense of national identity, and further people-to-people contacts to cultivate mutual goodwill.We should promote consultation on an equal footing and strengthen institutional building.We hope that the two sides will jointly explore cross-Straits political relations and make reasonable arrangements for them under the special condition that the country is yet to be reunified.We hope the two sides will discuss the establishment of a cross-Straits confidence-building mechanism for military security to maintain stability in their relations and reach a peace agreement through consultation so as to open a new horizon in advancing the peaceful growth of these relations.我們要努力促進(jìn)兩岸同胞團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗。兩岸同胞同屬中華民族，是血脈相連的命運共同體，理應(yīng)相互關(guān)愛信賴，共同推進(jìn)兩岸關(guān)系，共同享有發(fā)展成果。凡是有利于增進(jìn)兩岸同胞共同福祉的事情，我們都會盡最大努力做好。我們要切實保護(hù)臺灣同胞權(quán)益，團(tuán)結(jié)臺灣同胞維護(hù)好、建設(shè)好中華民族共同家園。

We should encourage the compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Straits to unite and pursue a common endeavor.The compatriots on both sides belong to the same Chinese nation and form a community of common destiny bound by blood ties;and we have every reason to care about and trust each other, jointly advance cross-Straits relations, and share in the fruits of development.We will make every effort to do anything that will promote the common wellbeing of the compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Straits.We should fully protect the rights and interests of our Taiwan compatriots and work with them to safeguard and build the common home of the Chinese nation.我們堅決反對“臺獨”分裂圖謀。中國人民絕不允許任何人任何勢力以任何方式把臺灣從祖國分割出去?！芭_獨”分裂行徑損害兩岸同胞共同利益，必然走向徹底失敗。

We resolutely oppose any separatist attempt for Taiwan independence.The Chinese people will never allow anyone or any force to separate Taiwan from the motherland by any means.Any separatist attempt for Taiwan independence, which undermines the common interests of the compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Straits, is doomed to fail.全體中華兒女?dāng)y手努力，就一定能在同心實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興進(jìn)程中完成祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。Working hand in hand, we, the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, will surely accomplish the great cause of China’s reunification in the course of our common endeavor to achieve the great renewal of the Chinese nation.十一、繼續(xù)促進(jìn)人類和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)

XI.Continuing to Promote the Noble Cause of Peace and Development of Mankind 當(dāng)今世界正在發(fā)生深刻復(fù)雜變化，和平與發(fā)展仍然是時代主題。世界多極化、經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化深入發(fā)展，文化多樣化、社會信息化持續(xù)推進(jìn)，科技革命孕育新突破，全球合作向多層次全方位拓展，新興市場國家和發(fā)展中國家整體實力增強(qiáng)，國際力量對比朝著有利于維護(hù)世界和平方向發(fā)展，保持國際形勢總體穩(wěn)定具備更多有利條件。

The world today is undergoing profound and complex changes, but peace and development remain the underlying trends of our times.The global trends toward multipolarity and economic globalization are deepening.Cultural diversity is increasing, and an information society is fast emerging.New breakthroughs are in the making in the scientific and technological revolution.46

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Global cooperation is expanding at multiple levels and on all fronts.Emerging market economies and developing countries are gaining in overall strength, tipping the balance of international forces in favor of the maintenance of world peace.All this has created more favorable conditions for ensuring general stability in the international environment.同時，世界仍然很不安寧。國際金融危機(jī)影響深遠(yuǎn)，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長不穩(wěn)定不確定因素增多，全球發(fā)展不平衡加劇，霸權(quán)主義、強(qiáng)權(quán)政治和新干涉主義有所上升，局部動蕩頻繁發(fā)生，糧食安全、能源資源安全、網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全等全球性問題更加突出。

On the other hand, the world is still far from being peaceful.The global financial crisis is producing a far-reaching impact on the world.World economic growth is overshadowed by growing factors of instability and uncertainty, and imbalance in global development has widened.There are signs of increasing hegemonism, power politics and neo-interventionism, and local turmoil keeps cropping up.Global issues such as food security, energy and resource security and cyber security are becoming more acute.人類只有一個地球，各國共處一個世界。歷史昭示我們，弱肉強(qiáng)食不是人類共存之道，窮兵黷武無法帶來美好世界。要和平不要戰(zhàn)爭，要發(fā)展不要貧窮，要合作不要對抗，推動建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界，是各國人民共同愿望。

Mankind has only one earth to live on, and countries have only one world to share.History teaches us that the law of the jungle will not lead to the coexistence of human society and that the arbitrary use of force cannot make the world a better place.To pursue peace, development and cooperation and oppose war, eliminate poverty and avoid confrontation in order to build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity – this is what the people of all countries long for.我們主張，在國際關(guān)系中弘揚平等互信、包容互鑒、合作共贏的精神，共同維護(hù)國際公平正義。平等互信，就是要遵循聯(lián)合國憲章宗旨和原則，堅持國家不分大小、強(qiáng)弱、貧富一律平等，推動國際關(guān)系民主化，尊重主權(quán)，共享安全，維護(hù)世界和平穩(wěn)定。包容互鑒，就是要尊重世界文明多樣性、發(fā)展道路多樣化，尊重和維護(hù)各國人民自主選擇社會制度和發(fā)展道路的權(quán)利，相互借鑒，取長補(bǔ)短，推動人類文明進(jìn)步。合作共贏，就是要倡導(dǎo)人類命運共同體意識，在追求本國利益時兼顧他國合理關(guān)切，在謀求本國發(fā)展中促進(jìn)各國共同發(fā)展，建立更加平等均衡的新型全球發(fā)展伙伴關(guān)系，同舟共濟(jì)，權(quán)責(zé)共擔(dān)，增進(jìn)人類共同利益。

We call for promoting equality, mutual trust, inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutually beneficial cooperation in international relations and making joint efforts to uphold international fairness and justice.In promoting equality and mutual trust, we should observe the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and support equality among all countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor.We should advance democracy in international relations, respect sovereignty, share security, and uphold world peace and stability.In promoting inclusiveness and mutual learning, we should respect diversity of civilizations and development paths, respect and safeguard the rights of all peoples to independently choose their social system and development path, learn from others to make up for our shortcomings, and advance human civilization.In promoting mutually beneficial cooperation, we should raise awareness about human beings sharing a community of common destiny.A country should accommodate the legitimate concerns of others when pursuing its own interests;and it should promote common development of all countries when advancing its own development.Countries should establish a new type of global development partnership that is more equitable and balanced, stick together in times of difficulty, both share rights and shoulder obligations, and boost the common interests of

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mankind.中國將繼續(xù)高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作、共贏的旗幟，堅定不移致力于維護(hù)世界和平、促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展。

China will continue to hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit and strive to uphold world peace and promote common development.中國將始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路，堅定奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策。我們堅決維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益，決不會屈服于任何外來壓力。我們根據(jù)事情本身的是非曲直決定自己的立場和政策，秉持公道，伸張正義。中國主張和平解決國際爭端和熱點問題，反對動輒訴諸武力或以武力相威脅，反對顛覆別國合法政權(quán)，反對一切形式的恐怖主義。中國反對各種形式的霸權(quán)主義和強(qiáng)權(quán)政治，不干涉別國內(nèi)政，永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸，永遠(yuǎn)不搞擴(kuò)張。中國將堅持把中國人民利益同各國人民共同利益結(jié)合起來，以更加積極的姿態(tài)參與國際事務(wù)，發(fā)揮負(fù)責(zé)任大國作用，共同應(yīng)對全球性挑戰(zhàn)。

China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development and firmly pursue an independent foreign policy of peace.We are firm in our resolve to uphold China’s sovereignty, security and development interests and will never yield to any outside pressure.We will decide our position and policy on an issue on its own merits and work to uphold fairness and justice.China is committed to peaceful settlement of international disputes and hotspot issues, opposes the wanton use of force or threat to use it, opposes any foreign attempt to subvert the legitimate government of any other countries, and opposes terrorism in all its manifestations.China opposes hegemonism and power politics in all their forms, does not interfere in other countries’ internal affairs and will never seek hegemony or engage in expansion.China will continue to keep in mind both the interests of the Chinese people and the common interests of the people of all countries, get more actively involved in international affairs, play its due role of a major responsible country, and work jointly with other countries to meet global challenges.中國將始終不渝奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，通過深化合作促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長。中國致力于縮小南北差距，支持發(fā)展中國家增強(qiáng)自主發(fā)展能力。中國將加強(qiáng)同主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào)，通過協(xié)商妥善解決經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦。中國堅持權(quán)利和義務(wù)相平衡，積極參與全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理，推動貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化，反對各種形式的保護(hù)主義。

China will unwaveringly follow a win-win strategy of opening up and promote robust, sustainable and balanced growth of the global economy through increased cooperation.We are committed to narrowing the North-South gap and supporting other developing countries in enhancing their capacity for self-development.China will strengthen coordination with other major economies on macroeconomic policy and resolve economic and trade frictions with other countries through consultation.China upholds the principle of balancing rights with obligations.We will take an active part in global economic governance, promote and facilitate free trade and investment, and oppose protectionism in all its forms.中國堅持在和平共處五項原則基礎(chǔ)上全面發(fā)展同各國的友好合作。我們將改善和發(fā)展同發(fā)達(dá)國家關(guān)系，拓寬合作領(lǐng)域，妥善處理分歧，推動建立長期穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展的新型大國關(guān)系。我們將堅持與鄰為善、以鄰為伴，鞏固睦鄰友好，深化互利合作，努力使自身發(fā)展更好惠及周邊國家。我們將加強(qiáng)同廣大發(fā)展中國家的團(tuán)結(jié)合作，共同維護(hù)發(fā)展中國家正當(dāng)權(quán)益，支持?jǐn)U大發(fā)展中國家在國際事務(wù)中的代表性和發(fā)言權(quán)，永遠(yuǎn)做發(fā)展中國家的可靠朋友和真誠伙伴。我們將積極參與多邊事務(wù)，支持聯(lián)合國、二十國集團(tuán)、上海合作組織、金磚國家等發(fā)揮積極作用，推動國際秩序和國際體系朝著公正合理的方向發(fā)展。我們將扎實推進(jìn)公共外交和人文交流，維護(hù)我國海外合法權(quán)益。我們將開展同各國政黨和政治組織的友好往來，加強(qiáng)人大、48

@CATTI考試資料與資訊

政協(xié)、地方、民間團(tuán)體的對外交流，夯實國家關(guān)系發(fā)展社會基礎(chǔ)。

China is committed to growing friendship and cooperation in all fields with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.We will improve and grow our relations with developed countries by expanding areas of cooperation and properly addressing differences with them;and we will strive to establish a new type of relations of long-term stability and sound growth with other major countries.We will continue to promote friendship and partnership with our neighbors, consolidate friendly relations and deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with them, and ensure that China’s development will bring more benefits to our neighbors.We will increase unity and cooperation with other developing countries, work with them to uphold the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries and support efforts to increase their representation and voice in international affairs.China will remain a reliable friend and sincere partner of other developing countries.We will actively participate in multilateral affairs, support the United Nations, G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, BRICS and other multilateral organizations in playing an active role in international affairs, and work to make the international order and system more just and equitable.We will take solid steps to promote public diplomacy as well as people-to-people and cultural exchanges, and protect China’s legitimate rights and interests overseas.We will conduct friendly exchanges with political parties and organizations of other countries and encourage people’s congresses, national and local committees of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, local governments and people’s organizations to increase overseas exchanges so as to consolidate the social foundation for enhancing China’s relations with other countries.中國人民熱愛和平、渴望發(fā)展，愿同各國人民一道為人類和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)而不懈努力。The Chinese people love peace and yearn for development.We are ready to work with the people of other countries to unremittingly promote the noble cause of peace and development for mankind.十二、全面提高黨的建設(shè)科學(xué)化水平

XII.Making Party Building More Scientific in All Respects 我們黨擔(dān)負(fù)著團(tuán)結(jié)帶領(lǐng)人民全面建成小康社會、推進(jìn)社會主義現(xiàn)代化、實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的重任。黨堅強(qiáng)有力，黨同人民保持血肉聯(lián)系，國家就繁榮穩(wěn)定，人民就幸福安康。形勢的發(fā)展、事業(yè)的開拓、人民的期待，都要求我們以改革創(chuàng)新精神全面推進(jìn)黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程，全面提高黨的建設(shè)科學(xué)化水平。

Rallying and leading the people in completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, in advancing socialist modernization and in achieving the great renewal of the Chinese nation is an important mission for our Party.When the Party maintains its strength and close ties with the people, China enjoys prosperity and stability and the Chinese people live in peace and happiness.Facing the new developments, the progress in our cause and the expectation the people have of us, we should comprehensively carry out the great new undertaking of Party building in an innovative reform-driven manner and make Party building more scientific in all respects.全黨必須牢記，只有植根人民、造福人民，黨才能始終立于不敗之地；只有居安思危、勇于進(jìn)取，黨才能始終走在時代前列。新形勢下，黨面臨的執(zhí)政考驗、改革開放考驗、市場經(jīng)濟(jì)考驗、外部環(huán)境考驗是長期的、復(fù)雜的、嚴(yán)峻的，精神懈怠危險、能力不足危險、脫離群眾危險、消極腐敗危險更加尖銳地擺在全黨面前。不斷提高黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)水平和執(zhí)政水平、提高拒 49

@CATTI考試資料與資訊

腐防變和抵御風(fēng)險能力，是黨鞏固執(zhí)政地位、實現(xiàn)執(zhí)政使命必須解決好的重大課題。全黨要增強(qiáng)緊迫感和責(zé)任感，牢牢把握加強(qiáng)黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)、先進(jìn)性和純潔性建設(shè)這條主線，堅持解放思想、改革創(chuàng)新，堅持黨要管黨、從嚴(yán)治黨，全面加強(qiáng)黨的思想建設(shè)、組織建設(shè)、作風(fēng)建設(shè)、反腐倡廉建設(shè)、制度建設(shè)，增強(qiáng)自我凈化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高能力，建設(shè)學(xué)習(xí)型、服務(wù)型、創(chuàng)新型的馬克思主義執(zhí)政黨，確保黨始終成為中國特色社會主義事業(yè)的堅強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心。

The whole Party must bear in mind that only by taking root among the people and delivering benefits to them can the Party remain invincible, and that only by being on guard against adversity in times of peace and forging boldly ahead can the Party remain in the forefront of the times.Under new conditions, the Party faces complicated and severe long-term tests in exercising governance, carrying out reform and opening up and developing the market economy as well as tests from the external environment.And the whole Party is confronted with increasingly grave dangers of lacking in drive, incompetence, being out of touch with the people, corruption and other misconduct.We should steadily improve the Party’s art of leadership and governance;and increase its ability to resist corruption, prevent degeneration and ward off risks – this is a major issue the Party must solve in order to consolidate its position as the governing party and carry out its mission of governance.All Party members must heighten their sense of urgency and sense of responsibility and focus on strengthening the Party’s governance capacity, advanced nature and purity.We should continue to free up our minds and carry out reform and innovation, and uphold the principle that the Party should supervise its own conduct and run itself with strict discipline.We should make all-around efforts to strengthen the Party theoretically and organizationally and improve its conduct.We should become better able to fight corruption, uphold Party integrity and improve Party rules and regulations.We should enhance our capacity for self-purity, self-improvement, self-development and self-innovation and build the Party into an innovative, service-oriented and learning Marxist governing party.By taking these steps, we can ensure that the Party is always the firm leadership core guiding the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.（一）堅定理想信念，堅守共產(chǎn)黨人精神追求。對馬克思主義的信仰，對社會主義和共產(chǎn)主義的信念，是共產(chǎn)黨人的政治靈魂，是共產(chǎn)黨人經(jīng)受住任何考驗的精神支柱。要抓好思想理論建設(shè)這個根本，學(xué)習(xí)馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、中國特色社會主義理論體系，深入學(xué)習(xí)實踐科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，推進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)型黨組織創(chuàng)建，教育引導(dǎo)黨員、干部矢志不渝為中國特色社會主義共同理想而奮斗。抓好黨性教育這個核心，學(xué)習(xí)黨的歷史，深刻認(rèn)識黨的兩個歷史問題決議總結(jié)的經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)，弘揚黨的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)和作風(fēng)，教育引導(dǎo)黨員、干部牢固樹立正確的世界觀、權(quán)力觀、事業(yè)觀，堅定政治立場，明辨大是大非。抓好道德建設(shè)這個基礎(chǔ)，教育引導(dǎo)黨員、干部模范踐行社會主義榮辱觀，講黨性、重品行、作表率，做社會主義道德的示范者、誠信風(fēng)尚的引領(lǐng)者、公平正義的維護(hù)者，以實際行動彰顯共產(chǎn)黨人的人格力量。1.Be firm in our ideal and conviction and remain true to the faith of Communists Communists’ faith in Marxism, socialism and communism is their political soul and sustains them in all tests.We should give high priority to developing the Party’s theory, which is essential for Party building.We should study Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics and intensively study and apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.We should build learning Party organizations, educate Party members and officials in our shared ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics and encourage them to unremittingly pursue this ideal.We should intensify education in the Party spirit, which is at the

第四篇：十八大報告要點

十八大報告解讀 一、十八大“新意”十八大已經(jīng)勝利閉幕。回顧歷史，每一次黨的全國代表大會都會提出一些新的思路和設(shè)想，統(tǒng)一全黨全國人民認(rèn)識，為下一個5年甚至10年更好更快發(fā)展奠定基礎(chǔ)。十八大有些什么新思路新設(shè)想呢？筆者仔細(xì)研讀胡錦濤同志代表黨中央所作政治報告，梳理出若干新表述，此即十八大“新意”之所在也。

一條道路：十八大后，中國將走一條什么樣的道路？此一問題，舉國關(guān)注。十八大的回答非常明確：“堅定不移高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，既不走封閉僵化的老路，也不走改旗易幟的邪路?！奔炔弧胺忾]僵化”，又不“改旗易幟”——此一全新表述，主要針對政治體制改革而言。可以肯定，中國既不會走固步自封、不深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革和政治體制改革的老路，也決不會走生吞活剝、搞西方議會民主、多黨執(zhí)政那一套邪路。

一個目標(biāo)：下一個5年或10年，共產(chǎn)黨有具體的執(zhí)政目標(biāo)嗎？當(dāng)然有的，那就是，“確保到2020年實現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會宏偉目標(biāo)?！比妗敖ㄔO(shè)”改為全面“建成”，雖只是一字之改，但其意義重大，而且，任務(wù)相當(dāng)艱巨，因為“確?！钡淖詈笃谙?，設(shè)定在2020年，距今只有8年時間！

兩個翻番：到2020年，“實現(xiàn)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比2010年翻一番。”查閱資料，建國以來歷次黨的全國代表大會從未提出過城鄉(xiāng)居民收入發(fā)展的具體指標(biāo)。十八大破天荒將此寫進(jìn)報告，既反映黨中央貫徹“以人為本”宗旨的堅強(qiáng)決心，以及對提高人民生活水平的格外重視，也體現(xiàn)出執(zhí)政黨自我加壓的一種信念，這為新一屆中央委員會提出了更明確和具體的執(zhí)政要求。

兩個凡是：嗅覺敏銳的人注意到，報告中出現(xiàn)了“兩個凡是”的新表述：“凡是涉及群眾切身利益的決策都要充分聽取群眾意見，凡是損害群眾利益的做法都要堅決糾正和防止?！痹谛率兰o(jì)第二個10年的當(dāng)下，中央明確提出“兩個凡是”，顯然有很強(qiáng)的針對性。倘若各級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部在實踐中能認(rèn)真切實做到“兩個凡是”，可以避免多少群體事件，可以少走多少彎路！

核心價值：中央提出開展核心價值體系學(xué)習(xí)教育，并非始自今日，但到底什么是社會主義核心價值體系？從未有過具體表述。十八大首次明確表述為三個層面、24個字。

一、國家層面：富強(qiáng)、民主、文明、和諧。

二、社會層面：自由、平等、公正、法治。

三、公民個人層面：愛國、敬業(yè)、誠信、友善。這三個層面，既相互區(qū)別，又各有側(cè)重，可謂高度提煉概括，凝聚全黨智慧。

以德治國：“要堅持依法治國和以德治國相結(jié)合，加強(qiáng)社會公德、職業(yè)道德、家庭美德、個人品德教育。”“以德治國”這一全新概念的提出，既反映出人們對于當(dāng)下社會公德缺失的擔(dān)憂，又彰顯出社會對于今后樹立良好道德的企盼。而“社會公德、職業(yè)道德、家庭美德、個人品德”四個層次的排列，又為我們勾畫出“四位一體，全面施教”的具體路徑。美麗中國：這是報告“發(fā)明”的又一新詞，也是黨中央提出的

新的奮斗目標(biāo)?！氨仨殬淞⒆鹬刈匀?、順應(yīng)自然、保護(hù)自然的生態(tài)文明理念，把生態(tài)文明建設(shè)放在突出地位，融入經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)各方面和全過程，努力建設(shè)美麗中國?！睂ⅰ吧鷳B(tài)文明建設(shè)”與“經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)”放在一起，五位一體，五管齊下，并由此引申出“美麗中國”這一全新概念，這將激起人們多少遐想，引來民眾多少期盼！可以預(yù)料，“新意”頻出的十八大，在新一屆黨中央的帶領(lǐng)之下，將為未來中國注入一泓清泉，帶來新的氣象。二、十八大關(guān)鍵詞

兩個“五位一體”構(gòu)成黨和國家戰(zhàn)略新布局

黨的十八大報告將中國特色社會主義事業(yè)總體布局從“四位一體”擴(kuò)展為“五位一體”，這表明我們黨對中國特色社會主義建設(shè)規(guī)律從認(rèn)識到實踐都達(dá)到新的水平。早在１９８６年，黨的十二屆六中全會首次提出以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心、堅定不移地進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革，堅定不移地進(jìn)行政治體制改革、堅定不移地加強(qiáng)精神文明建設(shè)的總體布局，這一“三位一體”總體布局從黨的十三大一直延續(xù)到十六大。黨的十六屆六中全會提出構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會的重大任務(wù)，總體布局拓展為“四位一體”，增加了社會建設(shè)。黨的十八大提出生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，總體布局又拓展為“五位一體”。這“五位一體”的總體布局，對應(yīng)著全國老百姓的經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、社會、文化、生態(tài)五大權(quán)益。特別是通過生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，我們黨和國家將在實現(xiàn)當(dāng)代人利益的同時，給自然留下更多修復(fù)空間，給農(nóng)業(yè)留下更多良田，給子孫后代留下天藍(lán)、地綠、水凈的美好家園。

黨的十八大報告中提出黨的建設(shè)總體布局也是“五位一體”，即思想建設(shè)、組織建設(shè)、作風(fēng)建設(shè)、反腐倡廉建設(shè)、制度建設(shè)。中國特色社會主義事業(yè)“五位一體”總體布局中的生態(tài)文明，體現(xiàn)著自然界的凈化，而我們黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程“五位一體”總體布局中的反腐倡廉建設(shè)，體現(xiàn)的是中國共產(chǎn)黨黨的肌體的自我凈化。

科學(xué)發(fā)展觀是黨的指導(dǎo)思想的又一次與時俱進(jìn)黨的十八大報告進(jìn)一步明確了科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的歷史定位，實現(xiàn)了黨的指導(dǎo)思想又一次與時俱進(jìn)。我們黨在推進(jìn)馬克思主義中國化過程中有兩次歷史性飛躍，第一次飛躍形成了毛澤東思想；第二次飛躍是在改革開放新的偉大革命中，逐步形成的中國特色社會主義理論體系。這個理論體系實現(xiàn)了我們黨的指導(dǎo)思想的三次與時俱進(jìn)，第一次是將鄧小平理論列為黨的指導(dǎo)思想，第二次是將“三個代表”重要思想列為黨的指導(dǎo)思想，第三次是將科學(xué)發(fā)展觀列為黨的指導(dǎo)思想，因而這是黨的十八大報告最大的理論亮點和歷史貢獻(xiàn)。

“八項要求”豐富了中國特色社會主義內(nèi)涵

黨的十八大報告對中國特色社會主義作出新的理論概括，強(qiáng)調(diào) 在新的歷史條件下，奪取中國特色社會主義新勝利，必須牢牢把握八個基本要求，分別是：必須堅持人民主體地位，必須堅持解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力，必須堅持推進(jìn)改革開放，必須堅持維護(hù)社會公平正義，必須堅持走共同富裕道路，必須堅持促進(jìn)社會和諧，必須堅持和平發(fā)

展，必須堅持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。這八條，不僅條條都有強(qiáng)烈的現(xiàn)實針對性、長遠(yuǎn)指導(dǎo)性，而且作為全黨全國人民的共同信念，必將極大地推進(jìn)解放思想、改革開放、凝聚力量、攻堅克難，扎扎實實奪取中國特色社會主義新勝利，奮力開拓中國特色社會主義更為廣闊的發(fā)展前景?！皟蓚€目標(biāo)”是奪取新勝利的兩座里程碑

黨的十八大報告提出兩個百年奮斗目標(biāo)，一個是在中國共產(chǎn)黨

成立一百年時全面建成小康社會，一個是在新中國成立一百年時建成富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家。這兩個百年奮斗目標(biāo)最早是在黨的十五大報告中提出的，此后，黨的十六大、十七大報告以及胡錦濤同志在紀(jì)念黨的十一屆三中全會３０周年大會上的講話中都作了重申。

黨的十八大報告再次重申這兩個百年目標(biāo)，是要強(qiáng)調(diào)，此時此刻，我們正處于近代以來中國歷史上最接近中華民族偉大復(fù)興目標(biāo)的重要時刻，我們既倍加自豪，又對黨和人民確立的理想信念倍加堅定，對黨肩負(fù)的歷史責(zé)任倍加清醒。也可以這樣說，這兩個百年目標(biāo)必將成為我們奪取中國特色社會主義新勝利的兩座里程碑。從“五個方面”充實完善了全面建設(shè)小康社會目標(biāo)要求

黨的十八大報告提出“為全面建成小康社會而奮斗”，從“建設(shè)”

到“建成”，這一字之變，是個質(zhì)的飛躍；這一字之改的“含金量”很高，為我們扎扎實實邁向中華民族偉大復(fù)興提供了一個看得見、摸得著、感受得到的階段性目標(biāo)，把全面建成惠及十幾億人口的更高水平小康

社會美好前景，更加清晰地呈現(xiàn)在全國人民面前，必將極大激發(fā)全國人民的奮斗熱情。全面建成小康社會的新的目標(biāo)要求分別是經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展，人民民主不斷擴(kuò)大，文化軟實力顯著增強(qiáng)，人民生活水平全面提高，資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會建設(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展。這里最引人注目的目標(biāo)是到２０２０年“實現(xiàn)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比２０１０年翻一番”。到那時，全國老百姓的衣食住行用水平將全面提高，基本公共服務(wù)均等化將總體實現(xiàn)，全民受教育程度和創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)水平將明顯提高，教育現(xiàn)代化將基本實現(xiàn)，農(nóng)民工子女將平等接受教育，讓每個孩子都能成為有用之才，城鄉(xiāng)就業(yè)將更加充分，收入分配差距將會縮小，中等收入群體將持續(xù)擴(kuò)大，扶貧對象將大幅減少，農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口市民化進(jìn)程將加快，城鎮(zhèn)基本公共服務(wù)將實現(xiàn)常住人口全覆蓋，人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)，人居環(huán)境明顯改善，住房保障體系基本形成。老百姓生活在社會主義中國的幸福感將普遍增強(qiáng)！

全面深化五大體制改革也在目標(biāo)要求中全面呈現(xiàn)，明確了包括政治體制改革在內(nèi)的深化改革開放的重點。用一個形象的概括，就叫做“高舉旗幟走轉(zhuǎn)改”，“高舉旗幟”就是高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，“走”就是堅定不移走中國特色社會主義道路，“轉(zhuǎn)”就是加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，“改”就是全面深化改革開放。社會主義協(xié)商民主是政治體制改革重要內(nèi)容 第6/10頁

黨的十八大報告提出健全社會主義協(xié)商民主制度，這是我國人民民主的重要形式，有利于就經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展重大問題和涉及群眾切身利益的實際問題廣泛協(xié)商，廣納群言、廣集民智，增進(jìn)共識、增強(qiáng)合力。把中國特色選舉民主同社會主義協(xié)商民主相結(jié)合，將有利于健全民主制度、豐富民主形式，擴(kuò)大社會主義民主，發(fā)展社會主義政治文明，為實現(xiàn)最廣泛的人民民主確立正確方向。

２４個字分三個層次概括了社會主義核心價值觀

黨的十八大報告用２４個字提出覆蓋全國各方面意見、反映現(xiàn)

階段全國人民最大公約數(shù)的社會主義核心價值觀的表述。這個表述是分別從國家、社會、個人三個層面進(jìn)行的。

從國家層面看，是富強(qiáng)、民主、文明、和諧；從社會層面看，是自由、平等、公正、法治；從公民個人層面看，是愛國、敬業(yè)、誠信、友善。毛澤東同志一再強(qiáng)調(diào)正確處理國家、集體、個人三者利益關(guān)系，這三個層面的社會主義核心價值觀的表述，也體現(xiàn)了同樣的思想方法。在這個基礎(chǔ)上，有利于積極培育社會主義核心價值觀?！叭汀笔菍?zhí)政黨自身建設(shè)規(guī)律的更全面把握

黨的十八大報告提出建設(shè)學(xué)習(xí)型、服務(wù)型、創(chuàng)新型的馬克思主義

執(zhí)政黨。這“三型”目標(biāo)，表明我們對執(zhí)政黨建設(shè)規(guī)律的把握更自覺、更全面、更深刻。在黨的十八大報告中，人民是個關(guān)鍵詞，服務(wù)也是個關(guān)鍵詞。堅持人民主體地位，更好保障人民權(quán)益、更好保障人民當(dāng)家做主貫穿報告始終，為人民服務(wù)也貫穿報告始終。在社會主義經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化、社會、生態(tài)建設(shè)部分的論述和部署中，處處體現(xiàn)了我們 第7/10頁

黨和國家全方位為人民服務(wù)，加強(qiáng)各方面、各領(lǐng)域服務(wù)體系建設(shè)，服務(wù)各方面人群的服務(wù)功能、服務(wù)效能。同時，黨的十八大報告也對基層“服務(wù)型”黨組織建設(shè)作出了總體部署，必將充分發(fā)揮基層黨組織推動發(fā)展、服務(wù)群眾、凝聚人心、促進(jìn)和諧的作用，進(jìn)一步夯實黨執(zhí)政的基層組織基礎(chǔ)。三、十八大部份要點：

全面提高黨的建設(shè)科學(xué)化水平報告強(qiáng)調(diào)，全面提高黨的建設(shè)科學(xué)化水平。必須抓好八個方面的重要任務(wù)：堅定理想信念，堅守共產(chǎn)黨人精神追求；堅持以人為本、執(zhí)政為民，始終保持黨同人民群眾的血肉聯(lián)系；積極發(fā)展黨內(nèi)民主，增強(qiáng)黨的創(chuàng)造活力；深化干部人事制度改革，建設(shè)高素質(zhì)執(zhí)政骨干隊伍；堅持黨管人才原則，把各方面優(yōu)秀人才集聚到黨和國家事業(yè)中來；創(chuàng)新基層黨建工作，夯實黨執(zhí)政的組織基礎(chǔ)；堅定不移反對腐敗，永葆共產(chǎn)黨人清正廉潔的政治本色；嚴(yán)明黨的紀(jì)律，自覺維護(hù)黨的集中統(tǒng)一。加大自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和環(huán)境保護(hù)力度

報告提出，大力推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)。當(dāng)前和今后一個時期，要重點抓好四個方面的工作：一是要優(yōu)化國土空間開發(fā)格局；二是要全面促進(jìn)資源節(jié)約；三是要加大自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和環(huán)境保護(hù)力度；四是要加強(qiáng)生態(tài)文明制度建設(shè)?？茖W(xué)發(fā)展觀是黨必須長期堅持的指導(dǎo)思想 第8/10頁

報告強(qiáng)調(diào)，科學(xué)發(fā)展觀是黨必須長期堅持的指導(dǎo)思想，必須把科學(xué)發(fā)展觀貫徹到我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)全過程、體現(xiàn)到黨的建設(shè)各方面。

科學(xué)發(fā)展觀是馬克思主義同當(dāng)代中國實際和時代特征相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，是馬克思主義關(guān)于發(fā)展的世界觀和方法論的集中體現(xiàn)，對新形勢下實現(xiàn)什么樣的發(fā)展、怎樣發(fā)展等重大問題作出了新的科學(xué)回答，把我們對中國特色社會主義規(guī)律的認(rèn)識提高到新的水平，開辟了當(dāng)代中國馬克思主義發(fā)展新境界。

科學(xué)發(fā)展觀是中國特色社會主義理論體系最新成果，是中國共產(chǎn)黨集體智慧的結(jié)晶，是指導(dǎo)黨和國家全部工作的強(qiáng)大思想武器。科學(xué)發(fā)展觀同馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想一道，是黨必須長期堅持的指導(dǎo)思想。全面建成小康社會目標(biāo)

報告提出，根據(jù)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展實際，要在十六大、十七大確立的全面建設(shè)小康社會目標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)上努力實現(xiàn)新的要求：經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展，轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式取得重大進(jìn)展，在發(fā)展平衡性、協(xié)調(diào)性、可持續(xù)性明顯增強(qiáng)的基礎(chǔ)上，實現(xiàn)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比二0一0年翻一番；人民民主不斷擴(kuò)大；文化軟實力顯著增強(qiáng)；人民生活水平全面提高；資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會建設(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展。全面建成小康社會，必須以更大的政治勇氣和智慧，不失時機(jī)深化重要領(lǐng)域改革，堅決破除一切妨礙科學(xué)發(fā)展的思想觀念和體制機(jī)制弊端，構(gòu)建系統(tǒng)完備、科學(xué)規(guī)范、運行有效的制度體系，使各方面制度更加成熟更加定型。第9/10頁

加快完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制

報告強(qiáng)調(diào)，要加快完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制和加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式。他指出，第一，全面深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革。第二，實施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。第三，推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整。第四，推動城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化。第五，全面提高開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)水平。扎實推進(jìn)社會主義文化強(qiáng)國建設(shè)

報告提出，扎實推進(jìn)社會主義文化強(qiáng)國建設(shè)。一是要加強(qiáng)社會主義核心價值體系建設(shè)。二是要全面提高公民道德素質(zhì)。三是要豐富人民精神文化生活。四是要增強(qiáng)文化整體實力和競爭力。

在改善民生和創(chuàng)新管理中加強(qiáng)社會建設(shè)

報告提出，在改善民生和創(chuàng)新管理中加強(qiáng)社會建設(shè)。必須以保障和改善民生為重點，必須加快推進(jìn)社會體制改革。他說，這方面的重要任務(wù)包括：努力辦好人民滿意的教育，推動實現(xiàn)更高質(zhì)量的就業(yè)，千方百計增加居民收入，統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)社會保障體系建設(shè)，提高人民健康水平，加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會管理。

第五篇：十八大報告要點

1.全面建成小康社會

從“建設(shè)小康社會”到“建成小康社會”，這一字之變，是個質(zhì)的飛躍；這一字之改的“含金量”很高，為我們扎扎實實邁向中華民族偉大復(fù)興提供了一個看得見、摸得著、感受得到的階段性目標(biāo)，把全面建成惠及十幾億人口的更高水平小康社會美好前景，更加清晰地呈現(xiàn)在全國人民面前。2.兩個翻一番

“在發(fā)展平衡性、協(xié)調(diào)性、可持續(xù)性明顯增強(qiáng)的基礎(chǔ)上，實現(xiàn)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比二〇一〇年翻一番?！边@是中共首次明確提出居民收入倍增目標(biāo)。到那時，全國老百姓生活在社會主義中國的幸福感將普遍增強(qiáng)!3． 兩個“五位一體”

（第一個五位一體）全面落實經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)、生態(tài)文明建設(shè)五位一體總體布局；（第二個五位一體）全面加強(qiáng)黨的思想建設(shè)、組織建設(shè)、作風(fēng)建設(shè)、反腐倡廉建設(shè)、制度建設(shè)。兩個“五位一體”都有一項具有凈化功能：“第一個五位一體”總體布局中的生態(tài)文明，體現(xiàn)著自然界的凈化； “第二個五位一體”總體布局中的反腐倡廉建設(shè)，體現(xiàn)的是中國共產(chǎn)黨的自我凈化。4.民主協(xié)商制度

黨的十八大報告提出健全社會主義協(xié)商民主制度，這是我國人民民主的重要形式，有利于就經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展重大問題和涉及群眾切身利益的實際問題廣泛協(xié)商、廣納群言、廣集民智，增進(jìn)共識、增強(qiáng)合力。5． 黨的指導(dǎo)思想

“科學(xué)發(fā)展觀同馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想一道，是黨必須長期堅持的指導(dǎo)思想?！秉h的十八大報告進(jìn)一步明確了科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的歷史定位，實現(xiàn)了黨的指導(dǎo)思想的又一次與時俱進(jìn)。6.牢記八個堅持

“必須堅持人民主體地位，必須堅持解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力，必須堅持推進(jìn)改革開放，必須堅持維護(hù)社會公平正義，必須堅持走共同富裕道路，必須堅持促進(jìn)社會和諧，必須堅持和平發(fā)展，必須堅持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)?！边@八條，條條都有強(qiáng)烈的現(xiàn)實針對性、長遠(yuǎn)指導(dǎo)性。7.兩個“百年”實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化

“只要我們胸懷理想、堅定信念，不動搖、不懈怠、不折騰，頑強(qiáng)奮斗、艱苦奮斗、不懈奮斗，就一定能在中國共產(chǎn)黨成立一百年時全面建成小康社會，就一定能在新中國成立一百年時建成富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家?！边@兩個百年目標(biāo)必將成為我們奪取中國特色社會主義新勝利的兩座里程碑。8.24字社會主義核心價值觀

從國家、社會、個人三個層面進(jìn)行表述。從國家層面看，是富強(qiáng)、民主、文明、和諧；從社會層面看，是自由、平等、公正、法治；從公民個人層面看，是愛國、敬業(yè)、誠信、友善。9.三型目標(biāo)建設(shè)執(zhí)政黨

黨的十八大報告提出建設(shè)學(xué)習(xí)型、服務(wù)型、創(chuàng)新型的馬克思主義執(zhí)政黨。這“三型”目標(biāo)，表明我們對執(zhí)政黨建設(shè)規(guī)律的把握更自覺、更全面、更深刻。在黨的十八大報告中，堅持人民主體地位，為人民服務(wù)貫穿報告始終。10． 增強(qiáng)全民族文化創(chuàng)造活力

從十六大提出“文化體制改革”的任務(wù)，到十七大將“文化軟實力”寫入大會報告；從十七屆六中全會首次從完整意義上制定“文化強(qiáng)國戰(zhàn)略”，到十八大報告再度強(qiáng)調(diào)“建設(shè)社會主義文化強(qiáng)國，關(guān)鍵是增強(qiáng)全民族文化創(chuàng)造活力”，我們黨對文化建設(shè)規(guī)律的認(rèn)識越來越全面，越來越深刻。