第一篇：專家解析英語四級(jí)考試歷年閱讀真題(四)

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Passage Two

I don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again.There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated by men.I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting.What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom.But while earning my Ph.D.at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me.My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender(性別)politics.So were my failures.Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus(相對(duì)于)right brain, or nature versus nurture(培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don’t talk about that anymore.It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues.Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City.Recently, someone asked me how may of the 45 students in my class were women.You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45.I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children.And I don’t dismiss those concerns.Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories.Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments.And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science.And that’s a sight worth talking about.62.Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?

A)She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.B)She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.C)She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D)She finds space research more important

63.From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute the author’s failures to ________.A)the very fact that she is a woman

B)her involvement in gender politics

C)her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist

D)the burden she bears in a male-dominated society

64.What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D.and post-doctoral research?

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A)Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B)Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C)People’s stereotyped attitude toward female scientists.D)Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.65.Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class?

A)Female students no longer have to bother about gender issues.B)Her students’ performance has brought back her confidence.C)Her female students can do just as well as male students.D)More female students are pursuing science than before.66.What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?

A)Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.B)Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.C)Women can balance a career in science and having a family.D)Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.這是一篇與性別歧視有關(guān)的文章，講的是女性應(yīng)該如何面對(duì)性別歧視的問題。作者以第一人稱的形式，以親身的經(jīng)歷來說明女性在面對(duì)性別歧視時(shí)應(yīng)該采取不屑一顧的態(tài)度。

全文一共四個(gè)大段，開篇為I don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again，以“again”一詞造成懸疑，引起讀者對(duì)原因的探究，而后整個(gè)第一段敘述了相對(duì)于這一again的上一次作者面對(duì)性別問題時(shí)的態(tài)度;并解釋了原因是興趣不在于此(I never found them interesting)。

第二段開始初步為“again”釋疑，敘述了作者從最初對(duì)性別問題的超然態(tài)度(it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉e極捍衛(wèi)女性利益態(tài)度(I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind)的過程。

第三段進(jìn)一步為“again”釋疑，敘述作者重又悟出應(yīng)回歸超然態(tài)度的心理經(jīng)歷。從Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory這一問一答可以看出，雖然多年過去，但作者用以對(duì)付性別問題這一心理重?fù)?dān)的利器依然是興趣(don’t study sociology or political theory)。

最后一段敘述了作者重歸超然態(tài)度后如何教導(dǎo)學(xué)生正確地面對(duì)性別問題。在有些學(xué)生因性別問題(如何在科學(xué)研究和生兒育女間的愿望之間做出選擇)而憂慮時(shí)，作者以身言教(heavily pregnant doing physics experiments)，告訴學(xué)生們應(yīng)該忘記性別問題。作者的表率起了作用，像她們的老師一樣，學(xué)生們把精力完全放在了興趣上面(45 women driven by a love of science)。

文章的內(nèi)容雖然涉及了社會(huì)問題，但切入角度是主觀第一人稱，語言修辭上更為接近散文(essay)的風(fēng)格，所以相對(duì)于議論文、說明文較容易理解。

62.Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?

A)She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.B)She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.C)She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D)She finds space research more important.這道題某權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)給的答案是B，She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination，我認(rèn)為這個(gè)結(jié)論有待商榷。

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題目問作者為什么不想再一次談?wù)撟鳛橐粋€(gè)女科學(xué)家的感受。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思是：

A，工作在一個(gè)男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域里讓她感到不快樂。

B，她對(duì)性別歧視問題感到厭倦了。

C，她不善于講述此類故事。

D，她發(fā)現(xiàn)太空研究更為重要。

文章第一段就講述了作者不愿再評(píng)論自己作為女科學(xué)家的事實(shí)。這一段的意思是這樣的：

我不想再一次談?wù)撐易鳛榕钥茖W(xué)家的事情。在我的人生中，有那么一段時(shí)間，人們總是問我，在一個(gè)被男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域中工作都會(huì)發(fā)生什么故事。我從來都不善于給他們講述那些故事，因?yàn)?，說真的，我覺得那些故事一點(diǎn)意思也沒有。讓我覺得有意思的是宇宙的起源，時(shí)空的形狀，和黑洞的本質(zhì)。

結(jié)合全文來看，第二段敘述作者曾經(jīng)陷入女性主義的熾熱情緒當(dāng)中，而后作者用了10年時(shí)間回歸了對(duì)性別問題的超然態(tài)度(It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19)，這也是題目中使用again的原因。第二段最后一句：I don’t study sociology or political theory，我不是研究社會(huì)學(xué)或者政治理論的，體現(xiàn)出作者把性別問題歸于學(xué)術(shù)或政治問題，而女性作為當(dāng)事人不應(yīng)參與其中的態(tài)度。

顯然，文中沒有提到她在男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域中工作高興與否，對(duì)于性別歧視問題，作者只是因?qū)栴}本身興趣不大，而不善于講述。作者的態(tài)度顯而易見，她對(duì)性別問題表示了不屑一顧，也就不存在B所說的厭煩了的問題。這樣ABC都可以排除，D說她發(fā)現(xiàn)太空研究更為重要，與第一段最后一句話意思相符。

63.From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute the author’s failures to ________.A)the very fact that she is a woman

B)her involvement in gender politics

C)her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist

D)the burden she bears in a male-dominated society

題目問從第二段可以推斷出人們把作者的失敗歸于什么。

A，她是一個(gè)女人的事實(shí)。

B，她參與了性別政治。

C，她作為女天體物理學(xué)家的過于自信。

D，在男性主導(dǎo)的社會(huì)中她身負(fù)重?fù)?dān)。

第二段講的是作者對(duì)性別問題的態(tài)度由不在乎轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闊崆殛P(guān)注的過程。19歲時(shí)完全超脫(it did not bother me in the least)，麻省理工求學(xué)及之后研究時(shí)開始受到干擾(the issue started to bother me)，這種干擾就是作者所有的成就：工作、研究論文、獲獎(jiǎng)，都受到性別偏見這副有色眼鏡的過濾(viewed through the lens of gender politics)，而后作者寫了一句So were my failures，so在這里是代指，指代viewed through the lens of gender politics，即my failures were also viewed through the lens of gender politics，意思就是人們是從性別政治的角度看待她的失敗，也就是認(rèn)為她的失敗是由性別偏見引起的。這樣的話，符合這個(gè)意思的只有A。

B所說的她參與了性別政治是個(gè)迷惑選項(xiàng)。參與性別政治是指為女性利益奔走呼號(hào)，第二段末尾也確實(shí)提到了作者的女性主義熱情，但這是性別歧視發(fā)生之后才可以進(jìn)行的，否則，如果沒有發(fā)生歧視，奮力捍衛(wèi)女性的利益的緣由就

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不存在了。而作者的失敗，如果是因性別問題而起的話，則是早于失敗之前就已經(jīng)發(fā)生作用了。因此從邏輯上講，作者自己的失敗應(yīng)該是先于參與捍衛(wèi)女性利益發(fā)生的，后者不可能成為前者發(fā)生的原因。

64.What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D.and post-doctoral research?

A)Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B)Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C)People’s stereotyped attitude toward female scientists.D)Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.題目問作者在攻讀哲學(xué)博士和進(jìn)行博士后研究時(shí)要同什么進(jìn)行不斷地斗爭。

四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A說是缺少在太空科學(xué)領(lǐng)域成功的信心。文章提到了作者失去信心的問題，It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19，但這個(gè)信心是作者在面對(duì)世人對(duì)女性偏見時(shí)有信心不予理睬，而不是科研領(lǐng)域的信心。

B說是來自她的圈內(nèi)圈外的不公平指責(zé)。世人戴著性別的有色眼鏡看她(was viewed through the lens of gender politics)，但這也僅僅是一種態(tài)度罷了，還沒到指責(zé)、責(zé)難的地步。所以B的說法不能算對(duì)。

C說是人們對(duì)女性科學(xué)家的固有態(tài)度。文中第二段從But while earning my Ph.D.at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me這句開始，講述了作者面對(duì)世人成見時(shí)如何挺身而出、為女性仗義執(zhí)言。這也就是C 所表達(dá)的意思。

D說是對(duì)自然與培育的廣泛誤解。根據(jù)第二段，nature versus nurture的問題*考試&大是作者與人爭論的話題之一，是諸多對(duì)女性的成見之一，文中具體舉出的例子就另有l(wèi)eft brain versus right brain。而作者要斗爭的是所有遭受的成見，D所說的這其中一種成見不可能是題目所說的整個(gè)時(shí)期內(nèi)一直都要斗爭的對(duì)象。

65.Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class?

A)Female students no longer have to bother about gender issues.B)Her students’ performance has brought back her confidence.C)Her female students can do just as well as male students.D)More female students are pursuing science than before.題干問作者談到她的班級(jí)時(shí)為何流露出滿意之情。

與題目相關(guān)的原文是這樣的：Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City.Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women.You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45，漢譯為：我現(xiàn)在在紐約一所女子大學(xué)Barnard做研究和教書，最近有人問我，我的班級(jí)里45名學(xué)生中有多少個(gè)女生。你想象不到我能夠回答“45個(gè)”時(shí)的滿意之情。

從前文的敘述可以知道，作者一直需要面對(duì)的問題是在男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域女性太少的問題。19歲時(shí)，她是班里唯一的女生(the only woman in the classroom)，做研究后，人們總是問她在一個(gè)男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域里工作的情形(the only woman in the classroom work in a field dominated by men)?？梢?，在作者研究的領(lǐng)域里，女生是很少的，而現(xiàn)在班里45人全部是女生，作者很有可能是為在自己研究的領(lǐng)

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域里出現(xiàn)了這么多的女性而感到滿意。在這里作者使用了Be able to answer而不直接用answer，暗含以前是不可能說出這樣的數(shù)字的。這個(gè)詞組的選用也暗示了作者是在為數(shù)字的由少到多而滿意。

A，女生不再為性別問題而煩惱。最后一段有一句話：I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children，意思是作者知道有些學(xué)生還是為科研與家庭之間如何平衡而憂慮。這一敘述與A不符。

B，她的學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)使她重拾信心。文中沒有提到她的學(xué)生表現(xiàn)如何。

C，她的女學(xué)生能與男學(xué)生做得一樣好。文中沒有類似的敘述。

D，追求科學(xué)研究的女生比以前多了。這一描述符合上文的分析。

66.What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?

A)Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.B)Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.C)Women can balance a career in science and having a family.D)Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.題目問作者展示給學(xué)生們的圖景意味著什么。

文章的最后一段講到了作者曾給學(xué)生展示過一個(gè)懷孕教師堅(jiān)持做物理試驗(yàn)的圖景。相關(guān)原文是：I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments，身懷六甲的物理教授依然在做物理實(shí)驗(yàn)。而這一行為的前因后果在第四段中也描述得很清楚。在這句話之前，作者給出了原因： I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children，一些學(xué)生擔(dān)心不能很好地處理科研與生育孩子之間的平衡。作者為了消除學(xué)生們的擔(dān)憂，便展示了這個(gè)圖景。而在這句話之后，作者給出了結(jié)果：in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science，45個(gè)學(xué)生完全投入到科學(xué)之愛中。從這些前因后果可以看出，作者之所以展示這一圖景，就是為了打消學(xué)生對(duì)于生育孩子會(huì)否影響科學(xué)研究的憂慮。

A，女生們無須為教授的懷孕擔(dān)憂。這一圖景的直接信號(hào)是要告訴女生們無須為教授擔(dān)心，而傳達(dá)的意義則是無須為她們自己生育孩子擔(dān)心，而題目問的是“意味”著什么，因此A的說法不對(duì)。

B，女性在通往學(xué)術(shù)成功的道路上會(huì)遇到更多的障礙。教授展示此圖景[考試[大]的目的就是為了告訴學(xué)生們懷孕并不會(huì)對(duì)科研造成什么障礙，所以B不對(duì)。

C，女性可以在科研和擁有家庭之間很好地平衡。符合前面的分析。

D，現(xiàn)在的女性在追求科研生涯時(shí)遇到的問題較以前少。應(yīng)該說懷孕問題確實(shí)是一個(gè)問題，只是作者的觀點(diǎn)在于不把這一問題看做是障礙而已。D的說法不對(duì)。

“成千上萬人瘋狂下載。。。

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第二篇：專家解析英語四級(jí)考試歷年閱讀真題(一)

在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

2洛基英語，中

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2007.12閱讀第一篇

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied.Yet, despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories.She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last year.As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them.I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher.I also know the pressure of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories.What if she doesn’t win the contest again? That’s the strange thing about being a parent.So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.A revelation(啟示)came last week when I asked her, “Don’t you want to win again?” “No,” she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”

I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously(自發(fā)地)told them.Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales.The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson.I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks.Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting(借用)my daughter’s experience.While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough a way to give her room but close enough to help if asked.All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)*考試&大在答題卡2上作答。

57.What do we learn from the first paragraph?

A)A lot of distractions compete for children’s time nowadays.B)Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.C)Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.D)Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.58.What did the author say about her own writing experience?

A)She was constantly under pressure of writing more.B)Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.C)She did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.D)Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

59.Why did Rebecca want to enter this year’s writing contest?

A)She had won a prize in the previous contest.B)She wanted to share her stories with readers.C)She was sure of winning with her mother’s help.D)She believed she possessed real talent for writing.60.The author took great pains to refine her daughter’s stories because ________.A)she wanted to help Rebecca realize her dreams of becoming a writer

B)she was afraid Rebecca’s imagination might run wild while writing

C)she did not want to disappoint Rebecca who needed her help so much

D)she believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance

61.What’s the author’s advice for parents?

A)Children should be given every chance to voice their opinions.B)Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in.C)Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience.D)A writing career, though attractive, is not for every child to pursue.這篇文章講述了一個(gè)作家母親指導(dǎo)女兒寫作的故事，通過作者的親身經(jīng)歷向人們揭示出當(dāng)今社會(huì)的子女教育問題。這種個(gè)人化風(fēng)格較強(qiáng)的文章在以學(xué)術(shù)性、科技類、說明性文章為主要材料來源的四級(jí)閱讀題中還是比較少見的;但文章的中心思想還是借作者的個(gè)人故事向人們揭示社會(huì)問題，具有較強(qiáng)的實(shí)用性。

全文一共六個(gè)自然段，第一段交待了女兒忙于參加寫作比賽的事實(shí);第二段作者回顧了自身寫作歷程的艱辛，引出要為女兒修改作文的動(dòng)機(jī);第三、四、五段詳細(xì)講述了作者修改女兒作文的過程，作者最終的失敗使其對(duì)子女教育問題有所領(lǐng)悟;最后一段，作者具體說明了父母應(yīng)該如何幫助子女成長的觀點(diǎn)。

這篇文章個(gè)人寫作風(fēng)格明顯，語言平易，因而詞匯量不大，句子結(jié)構(gòu)也較簡單，理解起來并不存在太大的問題，較少見到明顯的疑難部分。

57.What do we learn from the first paragraph?

A)A lot of distractions compete for children’s time nowadays.B)Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.C)Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.D)Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.題目解析

題目問從第一段可以得知什么。第一段的大意如下：在這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天、視頻游戲和電視真人秀的時(shí)代，供孩子們消遣的無聊活動(dòng)當(dāng)然也不會(huì)少。但我8歲的女兒麗貝卡卻把空閑時(shí)間用來寫短篇小說。她想要拿出一篇小說來參加一個(gè)寫作大賽。在去年的上一屆比賽中，她獲得了優(yōu)勝。

A，如今大量娛樂活動(dòng)在為兒童競爭(即現(xiàn)在的兒童有充足的娛樂活動(dòng))。文章開篇的In this age of 詞組與A中的nowadays在時(shí)間上相互呼應(yīng)。there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied中的 shortage是“少”的意思，但no shortage of并不僅指有一些，而是“較為豐富”，如there is no shortage of tall buildings here，這里的高樓可不少。從這一句可以看出，供孩子們消遣娛樂的活動(dòng)確實(shí)很多，可以由此推出A的結(jié)論。

B，孩子們確實(shí)在許多無聊活動(dòng)中得到了樂趣。作者只是指出供孩子選擇的娛樂活動(dòng)很多，但沒有指明孩子們是否從中得到了樂趣。從mindless(沒 在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

頭腦的, 不用腦子的)一詞可以看出，作者對(duì)這些活動(dòng)至少是持有懷疑態(tài)度的。另外，從文中可知作者的女兒對(duì)這些活動(dòng)沒有興趣，當(dāng)然也談不上樂趣，可以作為一個(gè)反例。

C，麗貝卡太忙而不能享受空余時(shí)間。文中只說麗貝卡把空閑時(shí)間用來寫小說，[考試[大]是不是真的太忙不能確定。另外寫小說本身也許即是麗貝卡的享受空閑時(shí)間的方式，那樣的話她也就是在完全地享受自己的空閑時(shí)間，C的敘述不對(duì)。

D，麗貝卡從網(wǎng)絡(luò)上汲取了很多寫作材料。這句話和文意相去甚遠(yuǎn)，只要理解了第一段的意思，相信排除該選項(xiàng)不會(huì)太難。

58.What did the author say about her own writing experience?

A)She was constantly under pressure of writing more.B)Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.C)She did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.D)Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.題目問作者講了自己的哪些寫作經(jīng)歷。

作者介紹自己的寫作經(jīng)歷是在文章的第二段前半部分。大意是：“作為一個(gè)作家，我享受過奪得競賽優(yōu)勝的喜悅，也品嘗過失敗的滋味。我知道辛辛苦苦寫出來一個(gè)故事、結(jié)果卻得到一張出版商的退稿信時(shí)的感受。我同樣知道奪得優(yōu)勝后再想保住這份榮譽(yù)的壓力?！?/p>

A，她經(jīng)常處在要寫作更多作品的壓力之下。文中只說作者在衛(wèi)冕比賽優(yōu)勝時(shí)有壓力，而不是寫作新作品時(shí)，因此A的說法不對(duì)。

B，她大部分小說都被出版商退稿了。文中說作者的稿件被退過，沒有提到是否大部分都被退稿。從文章大體可以推斷出作者是一個(gè)成功的作家，一個(gè)成功作家不可能大部分作品都被退稿。

C，作為作家，她對(duì)保住榮譽(yù)并不在意。從I also know the pressure of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories一句可以看出，作者為保住榮譽(yù)承受過很大壓力，C的說法與文意恰好相反。

D，她的成功之路充滿痛苦和挫折。根據(jù)第二段前半部分的敘述可知，作者品嘗過失敗，體驗(yàn)過小說被退稿的感受，承受過保住榮譽(yù)的壓力，恰好可以由D的說法來概括。

59.Why did Rebecca want to enter this year’s writing contest?

A)She had won a prize in the previous contest.B)She wanted to share her stories with readers.C)She was sure of winning with her mother’s help.D)She believed she possessed real talent for writing.題目問麗貝卡想要參加今年的寫作比賽的原因。

A，她在上一屆比賽中獲得了優(yōu)勝。言下之意是她是為了衛(wèi)冕而參加比賽，但文中的對(duì)話“Don’t you want to win again?” “No,”顯示，麗貝卡對(duì)能否奪冠并不在意。因此A的說法站不住腳。

B，她想和讀者分享她的故事。文中有一句話——she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”意思是她想告訴人們一個(gè)上小學(xué)一年級(jí)的天使的故事，也即想與人們(至少是讀到它的人)分享這個(gè)故事，這與B的說法是一致的。

C，她自信在媽媽的幫助下可以獲得優(yōu)勝。這一點(diǎn)與文意不符。首先，在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

從對(duì)A的分析可知，她并不在意是否獲得優(yōu)勝;其次，從文中大體可知她早已決定參加比賽，媽媽的幫助應(yīng)該是后來的事情，那么在決定參加比賽時(shí)她就不一定考慮過媽媽的幫助。

D，她相信自己具備真正的寫作才能。文章沒有任何一處地方提及類似內(nèi)容，也就無從判斷是否如此，因此不能選D。

“成千上萬人瘋狂下載。。。

更多價(jià)值連城的絕密英語學(xué)習(xí)資料，洛基內(nèi)部秘密英語，技巧，策略

請(qǐng)?jiān)?網(wǎng)上 申請(qǐng)報(bào)名”

第三篇：專家解析英語四級(jí)考試歷年閱讀真題(二十八)

在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

2洛基英語，中

國

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英

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Passage Four

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children.But how you say it can be quite tricky.If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but...” what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”;this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again.Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness, Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become a ware of the complexities of saying sorry.A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology.A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology.A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.36.If a mother adds “but” to an apology, ________.A)she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized

B)she does not realize that the child has been hurt

C)the child may find the apology easier to accept

D)the child may feel that he owes her an apology(D)

37.According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “________”.A)You have good reason to get upset

B)I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame

C)I apologize for hurting your feelings

D)I’m at fault for making you upset(B)

38.It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because ________.A)it gets one into the habit of making empty promises

B)it may make the other person feel guilty 在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

C)it is vague and ineffective

D)it is hurtful and insulting(C)

39.We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry ________.A)the complexities involved should be ignored

B)their ages should be taken into account

C)parents need to set them a good example

D)parents should be patient and tolerant(B)

40.It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is ________.A)a social issue calling for immediate attention

B)not necessary among family members

C)a sign of social progress D)not as simple as it seems(D)

本文的材料主要內(nèi)容是告誡父母們?nèi)绾谓虒?dǎo)孩子向人道歉，具有很強(qiáng)的社會(huì)實(shí)用性，也因?yàn)檫@一功能，文章的遣詞造句較為平易，使用諄諄教誨的口吻，可使人把閱讀的注意力放在告誡的內(nèi)容上。

全文材料一共6段，按照告誡的內(nèi)容可分為兩大部分。第一部分是一至五段，講的是父母應(yīng)該如何言傳身教，在需要的時(shí)候真誠地向孩子道歉，從而起到榜樣作用。最后一段講述父母們應(yīng)該使孩子們明白在何種情境下需要道歉。

第一段指出父母在教導(dǎo)孩子如何道歉時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)首先給孩子做出榜樣(you must be good at saying it yourself)，點(diǎn)出本文的主要內(nèi)容，而后以it can be quite tricky作為詳細(xì)講述如何做出榜樣的總起句。后面的二到四段分別列舉了三種不適宜的道歉方式，第一種是在sorry后面接but解釋道歉的原因，這會(huì)降低道歉的效果(“but” can render the apology ineffective);第二種是I’m sorry you’re upset，暗含對(duì)方主動(dòng)給了別人進(jìn)行煩擾的機(jī)(at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done);第三種是道歉過于空泛(general)，這種方式往往不會(huì)對(duì)孩子形成具體的指導(dǎo)(does not commit a person to any specific improvement)。

第五段分析了父母們采用上述道歉方式的心理原因：shows weakness，即認(rèn)為道歉是示弱的表現(xiàn)。隨后作者提出了解決方案：should see it as a sign of strength，即把道歉視為一種力量的表現(xiàn)。

最后一段討論了另外一個(gè)話題——告訴孩子在什么情境下需要道歉。對(duì)此，作者以三歲、六歲和十二歲小孩為例具體進(jìn)行了解釋。

36.If a mother adds “but” to an apology, ________.A)she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized

B)she does not realize that the child has been hurt

C)the child may find the apology easier to accept

D)the child may feel that he owes her an apology(D)

題目問如果一個(gè)母親在道歉之后又說了“but”，將會(huì)怎樣。在道歉后說but也就是解釋道歉的理由。

A，說明她覺得不應(yīng)該道歉。

B，說明她沒有意識(shí)到孩子已經(jīng)受到了傷害。

C，那么孩子或許會(huì)覺得道歉更容易接受。

D，那么孩子或許會(huì)覺得他也應(yīng)該向母親道歉。

在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

本題考查對(duì)第二段的理解。第二段首先指出在道歉之后說but的直接結(jié)果：what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective，but后面的話可能會(huì)使道歉無法產(chǎn)生效果。而后作者對(duì)出現(xiàn)這一結(jié)果的原因做了解釋，以“我今天過得不好”、“你吵鬧的聲音讓我頭疼”這二句為例，說明這些話會(huì)讓孩子認(rèn)為“he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology”，意思是他也應(yīng)該為引來父母的道歉而表示道歉。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中含有這個(gè)意思的是D。

37.According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “________”.A)You have good reason to get upset

B)I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame

C)I apologize for hurting your feelings

D)I’m at fault for making you upset(B)

本題問根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，I’m sorry you’re upset最可能的意思是什么。

A，你有很好的煩惱的理由。

B，我知道你很煩惱，但這不應(yīng)責(zé)怪我。

C，我為傷害了你的感情道歉。

D，使你煩惱是我的錯(cuò)。

這個(gè)句子出現(xiàn)在第三段：Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”;this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done。這里一共兩個(gè)句子，第一句舉出“表面道歉實(shí)際沒有道歉”的另一個(gè)例子，即I’m sorry you’re upset。第二句分析了這句話暗含的意思。前半句you are somehow at fault for基本呈現(xiàn)出了主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，“你是有錯(cuò)的，因?yàn)??”for后面是“你也有錯(cuò)考試&大”的原因。原因是Allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done，直譯過來是“允許你自己變得煩惱，被其他人的所作所為”，與全句聯(lián)系起來的意思是“因?yàn)閯e人做了某事，你就變得煩惱，對(duì)此你自己是有責(zé)任的”，言下之意是換個(gè)人面對(duì)這種事就不會(huì)煩惱，你煩惱只能是你的錯(cuò)。

C和D的說法都認(rèn)為錯(cuò)誤在到道歉人的一方，可以首先排除。B的說法與上面的分析一致，而A的意思在本句中是無法體現(xiàn)的。

38.It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because ________.A)it gets one into the habit of making empty promises

B)it may make the other person feel guilty

C)it is vague and ineffective

D)it is hurtful and insulting(C)

本題問道歉過于空泛并不是明智之舉，原因是什么。

A，這會(huì)使人養(yǎng)成空做承諾的習(xí)慣。

B，這會(huì)使對(duì)方感到內(nèi)疚。

C，這種道歉意思含混，沒有效果。

D，這種道歉具有傷害性和侮辱性。

文章第四段談到了這個(gè)問題。第四段的段意分為兩個(gè)部分，第一部分是個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的長句，用兩個(gè)which引導(dǎo)的從句舉出空泛道歉的兩種例子。第一個(gè)例子是并不說明自己的哪一行為帶有傷害或侮辱對(duì)方的意思(由此可知D的理解是錯(cuò)誤的);第二個(gè)例子是只籠統(tǒng)說自己再也不會(huì)這樣了，也就是不具體指出到底不會(huì) 在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

怎么樣了(由此可知A的理解是錯(cuò)誤的)。第四段的第二部分道出空泛的道歉之所以考試&大不明智是因?yàn)樗黡oes not commit a person to any specific improvement，即“并不能使人做出具體的改進(jìn)”，也就是說道歉過于空泛，使人不知道該在哪里改進(jìn)，也就談不上改進(jìn)。C的說法含有這個(gè)意思。

39.We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry ________.A)the complexities involved should be ignored

B)their ages should be taken into account

C)parents need to set them a good example

D)parents should be patient and tolerant(B)

本題問從最后一段可以得知，在教育孩子道歉的問題上如何如何。

A，相關(guān)復(fù)雜性應(yīng)該被忽略。

B，應(yīng)該把他們的年齡考慮進(jìn)去。

C，父母們需要給他們樹立榜樣。

D，父母們應(yīng)該有耐心，多容忍。

最后一段講的是如何告訴孩子識(shí)別應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)狼傅那榫?。最后一段第一句話?duì)此做了提示：children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry，意思是孩子們需要幫助來明白道歉的復(fù)雜性。但這一句的意義表達(dá)并不十分清晰，通過后來作者所舉的三個(gè)例子，可知這句話的意思是孩子在分辨什么情況下該道歉什么情況下不需道歉的時(shí)候需要幫助。這樣就排除了A，而C的說法是考試&大前5段的內(nèi)容，D的說法在第四段里沒有相關(guān)內(nèi)容。第四段以三個(gè)年齡的孩子為例進(jìn)行論述，這就說明應(yīng)當(dāng)把年齡問題加以考慮，B的說法正確。

40.It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is ________.A)a social issue calling for immediate attention

B)not necessary among family members

C)a sign of social progress

D)not as simple as it seems(D)

本題問從這篇材料可以推斷出，適宜的道歉方式是??

A，一個(gè)急需關(guān)注的社會(huì)問題。本文討論的是父母該如何指導(dǎo)孩子道歉，主要論述道歉技巧問題，沒有把道歉方式上升到社會(huì)問題，“急需關(guān)注”的社會(huì)問題就更談不上了。

B，在家庭成員之間不是必需的。文中舉出了很多例子來說明父母應(yīng)以正確的方式來向[YouTheme]孩子道歉，可見在作者看來家庭成員之間合適的道歉絕對(duì)不能說是可有可無的。

C，社會(huì)進(jìn)步的表現(xiàn)。文章沒有提到適宜的道歉方式與社會(huì)進(jìn)步有什么關(guān)系。

D，并不像看上去那么簡單。前五段一開始[YouTheme]指出父母向孩子道歉時(shí)應(yīng)該講究技巧，所用的詞是tricky，而后用了數(shù)段具體講述應(yīng)當(dāng)如何講究技巧，可見適宜的道歉方式并不簡單。而父母們往往做不好這一點(diǎn)，即是因?yàn)樗此坪唵?，所以D的說法是正確的。

“成千上萬人瘋狂下載。。。

在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

更多價(jià)值連城的絕密英語學(xué)習(xí)資料，洛基內(nèi)部秘密英語，技巧，策略

請(qǐng)?jiān)?網(wǎng)上 申請(qǐng)報(bào)名”

第四篇：專家解析英語四級(jí)考試歷年閱讀真題(二十六)

在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

2洛基英語，中

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語

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導(dǎo)

品

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In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement.“We’re worried about our teachers and principals, and we really don’t want to lose them because of this,” one parent sail.“If we can help ease their financial burden, we will.“

Teachers are grateful, but know it may be years before the district is solvent(有綜合能力的).They feel really good about the parent support, but they realize it’s impossible for then to solve this problem.The 22,000-student district discovered the shortage last month.“It’s extraordinary.Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level,” said State Treasurer Mike Coffman.Coffman and district officials last week agreed on a state emergency plan freeing yp a $9.8 million loan that enabled the payroll(工資單)to be met for 2,700 teachers and staff in time for the holidays.District officials also took $1.7 million from student-activity accounts its 38 schools.At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances.Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.In Frederick, students’ parents are buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utilities to keep first-year teachers and principals in their jobs.Some $36,000 has been raised in donations from Safeway.A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill for renting the driver educating cars.IBM contributed 4,500 packs of paper.“We employ thousands of people in this community,” said Mitch Carson, a hospital chief executive, who helped raise funds.“We have children in the school, and we see how they could be affected.”

At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum(論壇)?！癛umors about what’s happening to the district are moving at lighting speed,” said a student.“We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”

26.What has happened to the Vrain School District?

A)A huge financial problem has arisen.B)Many schools there are mismanaged.C)Lots of teachers in the district are planning to quit.D)Many administrative personnel have been laid off.(A)

27.How did the residents in the Vrain School District respond to the budget shortage?

A)They felt somewhat helpless about it.在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

B)They accused those responsible for it.C)They pooled their efforts to help solve it.D)They demanded a through investigation.(C)

28.In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortage is ________.A)unavoidable

B)unthinkable

C)insolvable

D)irreversible(B)

29.Why did Coffman request an investigation?

A)To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.B)To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.C)To make sure that the school principals were innocent.D)To stop the voters approving the $212 million bong issue.(A)

30.Three high school students started a website in order to ________.A)attract greater public attention to their needs

B)appeal to the public for contributions and donations

C)expose officials who neglected their duties D)keep people properly informed of the crisis(D)這篇短文講述的是學(xué)校資金短缺事件。全文共十個(gè)小段，第一段從丹佛某社區(qū)發(fā)起運(yùn)動(dòng)說起，交代了事件基本信息：1380萬美元的預(yù)算短缺，而后引用某位學(xué)生父母對(duì)學(xué)校表示物質(zhì)支持的原話(we can help ease their financial burden, we will)。這個(gè)段落有這樣一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，即事件本身只是在句中附帶提到，敘述的重點(diǎn)在于社區(qū)對(duì)與此事相關(guān)的學(xué)校、教師的支持。這也暗示了后文的敘述方向不會(huì)是對(duì)資金短缺事件的原委的敘述，而是各方對(duì)此事的反應(yīng)。從全文來看，包括社區(qū)、教師、官方、企業(yè)以及學(xué)生的反應(yīng)。

接下來的第二段敘述了教師們對(duì)社區(qū)支持的反應(yīng)(grateful)，而后用教師們的想法傳達(dá)出資金短缺事件的解決難度(impossible for then to solve this problem，社區(qū)支持不可能解決問題)。

下一段進(jìn)一步透露出事件的其他信息：發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)間(last month)，并交代了州官員的反應(yīng)：驚詫(Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level)。下三小段繼續(xù)敘述官方的進(jìn)一步行動(dòng)：為教師工資提供貸款(9.8 million loan that enabled the payroll)，從學(xué)生活動(dòng)資金帳戶中提出170萬美元(officials also took $1.7 million)，調(diào)查該地區(qū)財(cái)務(wù)(begun investigating the district’s finances)。

最后的四段分別交代了學(xué)生父母、企業(yè)和學(xué)生們的反應(yīng)。父母們?yōu)閷W(xué)校購買日常教學(xué)器具(buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utilities)，企業(yè)捐助，如一家雪佛蘭經(jīng)銷商捐助一萬美元，同時(shí)免除校車租金(A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill)，IBM捐助了實(shí)物(4,500 packs of paper)。之后的一段簡單解釋了募捐的原因。最后一段是學(xué)生們的行動(dòng)：建立網(wǎng)站隨時(shí)發(fā)布該事件的進(jìn)展情況(We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.)。

26.What has happened to the Vrain School District?

A)A huge financial problem has arisen.在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

B)Many schools there are mismanaged.C)Lots of teachers in the district are planning to quit.D)Many administrative personnel have been laid off.(A)

題目問Vrain校區(qū)發(fā)生了什么事情。從第一段可知，Vrain校區(qū)發(fā)生了資金短缺($13.8 million budget shortage)，而通讀全篇后可知，這一難題的影響非常嚴(yán)重。

A，發(fā)生了嚴(yán)重的財(cái)務(wù)困難。資金短缺(budget shortage)也就是財(cái)務(wù)困難，可以選A。

B，那里許多學(xué)校管理不善。此選項(xiàng)考查對(duì)the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement一句的理解。前半句的理解應(yīng)該不成問題，意思是該校區(qū)力圖解決一個(gè)1380萬的預(yù)算缺口。后面的blamed on mismanagement是理解的關(guān)鍵，blamed是個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)，這里省略了is，而這個(gè)句子的完整形式應(yīng)該是個(gè)which引導(dǎo)的從句：shortage which is blamed on mismanagement。Blamed sth on sth 是把某事物的錯(cuò)誤歸因于另一事物，在句中就是“預(yù)算短缺的原因被歸咎于管理不善”。這樣的話，管理不善的對(duì)象就是預(yù)算而不是學(xué)校。

C，該校區(qū)的許多教師計(jì)劃離職。文中引用了一位學(xué)生家長的話：we really don’t want to lose them because of this，表達(dá)了人們對(duì)預(yù)算短缺可能導(dǎo)致教師離去的后果。但文中沒有指出教師是否計(jì)劃(planning)離職，或者是否有“很多”(many)教師有此想法。

D，許多管理人員遭到解雇。文中沒有相關(guān)敘述。

27.How did the residents in the Vrain School District respond to the budget shortage?

A)They felt somewhat helpless about it.B)They accused those responsible for it.C)They pooled their efforts to help solve it.D)They demanded a through investigation.(C)

題目問這個(gè)校區(qū)的居民對(duì)預(yù)算短缺如何反應(yīng)。

A，他們對(duì)此事有些愛莫能助。

B，他們譴責(zé)此事的罪魁禍?zhǔn)讉儭?/p>

C，他們?yōu)榻鉀Q此事共同出力。

D，他們要求徹查此事。

文章開頭一句話即是敘述居民們?nèi)绾闻椭處熍c學(xué)校官員們：residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators。Pitch in詞組是努力投入的意思，可見居民們對(duì)此事十分重視，力爭幫助學(xué)校走出難關(guān)。C的敘述符合這個(gè)意思，而A的敘述與C的意思恰好相反，可以排除。至于B，從全篇來看，對(duì)居民們的描寫均為始終是如何幫助學(xué)校，沒有提到譴責(zé)誰的問題，也沒有要求徹查此事——要求調(diào)查此事的是Coffman(At Coffman’s request——在Coffman的要求下——the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances)，而他是一位官員，不是該地居民。

28.In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortage is ________.A)unavoidable

B)unthinkable 在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

C)insolvable

D)irreversible(B)

題目問在Mike Coffman看來，教育預(yù)算短缺是??

A，不可避免的。

B，不可想象的。

C，無法解決的。

D，不能取消的。

文章講到Coffman的地方一共三處，第一次是引用了他對(duì)預(yù)算短缺事件的評(píng)論：It’s extraordinary.Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level。意思是“這太不尋常了。誰也想不到會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事，這種程度的事”。第二次是他擬定了一份緊急貸款方案(Coffman and district officials last week agreed on a state emergency plan)，第三次是他要求調(diào)查地區(qū)財(cái)政(At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances)。

從本題的題意及四個(gè)選項(xiàng)來看，應(yīng)該考查的是對(duì)第一處——也就是他的發(fā)言的理解。Coffman的發(fā)言首先指出此事的extraordinary，不同尋常;而后表示了驚訝——誰也想不到會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事，這種程度的事。他對(duì)此事的態(tài)度大體上是“不可思議”。這樣A和D明顯不對(duì)，B的說法正確，至于C，引言中無法體現(xiàn)出來，而結(jié)合后面二處的描寫，也沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)“無法解決”的跡象，反倒是緊急貸款和調(diào)查財(cái)政等雷厲風(fēng)行的行事態(tài)度顯示出解決此事的決心。因?yàn)镃的說法也不正確。

29.Why did Coffman request an investigation?

A)To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.B)To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.C)To make sure that the school principals were innocent.D)To stop the voters approving the $212 million bong issue.(A)

題目問Coffman為什么要求展開調(diào)查。

文中講述Coffman要求調(diào)查此案是在第六段，除此外再無段落出現(xiàn)相關(guān)敘述，因此只要完全理解這一段的意思就可以做出正確的解答。

At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances.Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.這一段共2句話。第一句指出Coffman要求調(diào)查地區(qū)財(cái)務(wù)。第二句是一個(gè)長句，主結(jié)構(gòu)是Coffman says ??這樣一個(gè)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。賓語從句中依然嵌套一個(gè)賓語從句he wants to know whether??后面內(nèi)容的意思是“是否地區(qū)官員掩蓋了預(yù)算短缺問題，直到十一月投票發(fā)生以后??”后半句是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，when指代的是十一月投票，意思是在十一月投票中，“投票者通過了二億一千二百萬美元的學(xué)校公債事項(xiàng)?！边@樣，Coffman所懷疑的就是地區(qū)官員有可能在十一月投票中掩蓋了預(yù)算短缺問題，以使公債事項(xiàng)得以通過。

A，看是否有故意掩蓋問題的行為。這一說法與文意一致。

B，看一看此事的后果嚴(yán)重到什么程度。這個(gè)說法沒有著落點(diǎn)。

C，確定學(xué)校官員是無辜的。文章沒有提到類似的內(nèi)容。

D，阻止選民通過二億一千二百萬美元的公債事項(xiàng)。理解文意可知，這 在線學(xué)英語 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

一公債事項(xiàng)早在十一月投票就已經(jīng)通過，現(xiàn)在不可能再去阻止。

30.Three high school students started a website in order to ________.A)attract greater public attention to their needs

B)appeal to the public for contributions and donations

C)expose officials who neglected their duties

D)keep people properly informed of the crisis(D)

題目問三家高中的學(xué)生開設(shè)了一家網(wǎng)站，其目的是什么。

A，吸引更多的公共關(guān)注，以為己用。

B，呼吁公眾捐獻(xiàn)物資。

C，揭露玩忽職守的官員們。

D，使人們隨時(shí)得知此次危機(jī)事件的真實(shí)進(jìn)展。

文章提到學(xué)生建設(shè)網(wǎng)站之事是在最后一段。At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum(論壇)。“Rumors about what’s happening to the district are moving at lighting speed,” said a student.“We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”

第一句敘述了學(xué)生們建設(shè)網(wǎng)站的事實(shí)，第二句引用了學(xué)生們的原話，解釋了建設(shè)網(wǎng)站的原因。前一句意思是“關(guān)于這個(gè)地區(qū)發(fā)生了什么的謠言傳得向閃電一樣快”，后一句的意思是“我們想去了解真相，然后把真相傳播出去?！弊⒁夂笠痪淅锩媸褂玫臅r(shí)態(tài)：wanted用的是一般過去時(shí)，表示這一想法是建設(shè)網(wǎng)站之初的想法，而不是現(xiàn)在的想法，這樣就可推斷出這一想法就是建站的目的。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D符合這個(gè)意思。

“成千上萬人瘋狂下載。。。

更多價(jià)值連城的絕密英語學(xué)習(xí)資料，洛基內(nèi)部秘密英語，技巧，策略

請(qǐng)?jiān)?網(wǎng)上 申請(qǐng)報(bào)名”

第五篇：專家解析英語四級(jí)考試歷年閱讀真題(十一)

免費(fèi)？宅在家學(xué)英語？怎么報(bào)名？

最牛英語口語培訓(xùn)模式：躺在家里練口語，全程外教一對(duì)一，三個(gè)月暢談無阻！洛基英語，免費(fèi)體驗(yàn)全部在線一對(duì)一課程：（報(bào)名網(wǎng)址）

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch.But he is in for an unwelcome surprise.The car is fitted with a remote immobiliser(鎖止器), and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.The idea goes like this.A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a micro-processor and memory, and a GPS(全球定位系統(tǒng))satellite positioning receiver.If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted.In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves.‘The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,’ says Martyn Randall, a security expert.He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools.But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition(點(diǎn)火)key.In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting bold of the owner’s keys.And key theft is responsible for 40% of the thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking system.If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen.The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal.Staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS unit.31.What’s the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?

A)To help the police make a surprise attack on the car thief.B)To allow the car to lock automatically when stolen.C)To prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops.D)To prevent car theft by sending a radio signal to the car owner.(C)

32.By saying “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed”(Lines 1-2.Para.3), Martyn Randall suggests that ________.A)it takes a longer time for the car thief to do the stealing

B)self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft

C)the thief has to make use of computer technology

D)the thief has lost interest in stealing cars over 10 years old(B)

33.What is essential in making a modem car tougher to steal?

免費(fèi)？宅在家學(xué)英語？怎么報(bào)名？

A)A coded ignition key.B)A unique ID card.C)A special cellphone signal.D)A GPS satellite positioning receiver.(A)

34.Why does the tracking system set a 100-metre minimum before sending an alarm to the operations centre?

A)To leave time for the operations centre to give an alarm.B)To keep police informed of the car’s movements.C)To give the driver time to contact the operations centre.D)To allow for possible errors in the GPS system.(D)

35.What will the operations centre do first after receiving an alarm?

A)Start the tracking system.B)Contact the car owner.C)Block the car engine.D)Locate the missing car.(B)

這是一篇講述汽車防盜系統(tǒng)的說明文。文章開頭另辟蹊徑，以場景描述開篇，敘述一個(gè)偷車賊在偷車逃跑的過程中如何受困于防盜系統(tǒng)。這個(gè)場景言簡意賅，概括了本篇所述的防盜系統(tǒng)的三個(gè)要點(diǎn)：immobiliser(鎖止器)，a control centre(控制中心)，以及其結(jié)果not be able to start it again(不可啟動(dòng))。第一段以場景描述形象地向讀者介紹了本篇討論的核心內(nèi)容，引起讀者的閱讀興趣，隨后的第二段馬上以專業(yè)語言對(duì)這一系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行描述。這種布局法顯然好于開篇就直接介紹防盜[YouTheme]系統(tǒng)的工作原理。

接下來的一段援引一個(gè)安全專家的話介紹了英國國內(nèi)汽車偷盜現(xiàn)象的現(xiàn)狀：因?yàn)檐嚿习惭b了一套技術(shù)裝置(a set of technical fixes)，使得現(xiàn)在的偷車賊無法再用以前的方法輕松地偷車成功。

第四段進(jìn)一步講解了這套技術(shù)裝置的原理，并指出這種技術(shù)使與車輛有關(guān)的犯罪發(fā)生率下降了31%(achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime)。第三、四這兩段說明的目的是為后文新的防盜系統(tǒng)的出現(xiàn)做好鋪墊——因?yàn)榕f有的方法不再奏效，許多偷車賊開始使用一種更為原始的方式：getting hold of the owner’s keys(偷鑰匙)，本文的所介紹的防盜系統(tǒng)就是為了應(yīng)付這種偷盜方式而出現(xiàn)的——這是第五段的內(nèi)容。

文章的最后兩段具體說明了這種系統(tǒng)的工作方式。第六代說明的是汽車失竊的第一階段：發(fā)出信號(hào)“send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen”。第七段說明第二階段：工作人員確認(rèn)失竊，并協(xié)助警方追捕盜賊。

31.What’s the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?

A)To help the police make a surprise attack on the car thief.B)To allow the car to lock automatically when stolen.C)To prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops.D)To prevent car theft by sending a radio signal to the car owner.(C)

題目問轎車上安裝的遠(yuǎn)程鎖止器的功能是什么。

文章第一次提到鎖止器是在第一段第二行，縱觀四個(gè)題支，其內(nèi)容涉及得基本全部是第一段。把第一段的內(nèi)容理解透徹之后，得出正確結(jié)論并不難。

第一段前兩句是一種場景描述，意在構(gòu)筑類似小說的情景。最后一個(gè)長句才是關(guān)鍵。前半句The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer，汽車安裝了一個(gè)

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遠(yuǎn)程鎖止器;and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again，一個(gè)數(shù)英里外的控制中心會(huì)發(fā)送一種無線電信號(hào)，一旦竊賊關(guān)掉引擎，就不可能再點(diǎn)著了。乍看之下，作者并沒有說鎖止器和引擎失效之間的聯(lián)系，因?yàn)殒i死引擎的信號(hào)是控制中心發(fā)出的，而控制中心和鎖止器在這一段中并沒有發(fā)生聯(lián)系。要詳細(xì)了解這套系統(tǒng)的工作方式，還要看第二段。第二段給出了具體說明：車上安裝了一套設(shè)備，如果汽車被偷，就會(huì)發(fā)出手機(jī)信號(hào)告知控制中心鎖死汽車的引擎控制系統(tǒng)，不讓引擎再次啟動(dòng)。

A，幫助警察對(duì)偷車賊發(fā)動(dòng)突然襲擊。在本文的例子中，鎖止器確實(shí)幫了警察這個(gè)忙(he is in for an unwelcome surprise)，但很顯然幫警察發(fā)動(dòng)突然襲擊不是它的功能。

B，使汽車被偷時(shí)自動(dòng)鎖死。Automaticlly，自動(dòng)地。但由第二段signal will tell the control centre to block可知，鎖死汽車的是控制中心，汽車并不是自動(dòng)鎖死的。

C，它停止時(shí)防止偷車賊重新啟動(dòng)它。這句話應(yīng)該就是出題者心目中的答案。不過從純語言的角度講，這句話也存在問題，問題就在于it指代不清。題目問的是What’s the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?那么完整的回答就應(yīng)該是the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car is to prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops。在這個(gè)句子中，后面的it不可能是指的car，因?yàn)閏ar是thief的定語，不是實(shí)體。按照這句話的結(jié)構(gòu)，it指的應(yīng)該是鎖止器，那么C的說法就錯(cuò)了。如果出題人能把題支改成To prevent the car thief from restarting the engine once it stops就沒有問題了。

D，通過向汽車主人發(fā)送無線電信號(hào)防止汽車被偷。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，無線電信號(hào)是發(fā)送給了控制中心(signal will tell the control centre to)，而不是汽車的主人。

32.By saying “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed”(Lines 1-2.Para.3), Martyn Randall suggests that ________.A)it takes a longer time for the car thief to do the stealing

B)self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft

C)the thief has to make use of computer technology

D)the thief has lost interest in stealing cars over 10 years old(B)

題目問Randall所說的The pattern of vehicle crime has changed是指什么。

A，偷車賊偷竊汽車所費(fèi)時(shí)間更長了。

B，自行準(zhǔn)備的工具對(duì)于偷竊汽車來說已經(jīng)不夠用了。

C，竊賊不得不使用電腦技術(shù)。

D，竊賊已經(jīng)對(duì)偷竊汽車失去興趣超過十年了。

對(duì)于理解文中某句話的意義這類題，只能通過上下文的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行邏輯推理找出答案。這句話的本意是“車輛犯罪的方式已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化”。Randall說出這句話是在第三段中間部分，這一句之前的一句是In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves，意思是在英國，一套技術(shù)裝置已經(jīng)讓偷車賊們感到生活更為艱難了。之后的二句是He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools.But only if the car is more than 10 years old，意思是一個(gè)偷車賊教會(huì)一個(gè)人用最少的工具偷車只需幾分鐘，但除非那車已經(jīng)是十多年前的了。

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第一句實(shí)際上對(duì)這句話的理解很有幫助，因?yàn)檫@句話里出現(xiàn)了change(變化)，而第一句里有harder(更為艱難了)，是一個(gè)比較級(jí)，含有變化的意思。不過從這句還看不出這種生活的艱難具體是指什么，而后面兩句顯然是對(duì)此的解釋。“一個(gè)偷車賊教會(huì)一個(gè)人用最少的工具偷車只需幾分鐘”，這里涵蓋的信息的是偷車賊使用很少的工具在很短的時(shí)間就可以偷車成功，相對(duì)于前面的harder，這無疑是一種輕松的生活?！暗悄擒囈呀?jīng)是十多年前的了”，意思是偷車賊的輕松生活只有在十多年前的車上實(shí)現(xiàn)，暗含有現(xiàn)在的車已經(jīng)不是那樣了的意思，這里表達(dá)的也是“change”。由此可見，文Randall的這句話意思就是偷[考試[大]車賊已經(jīng)不能像十多年前那樣只用很少的工具很少的時(shí)間就能偷車成功。四個(gè)答案中C和D存在明顯的錯(cuò)誤。A是說時(shí)間變長，B是說工具不夠用了，這二者中起關(guān)鍵作用的還是工具不夠用，時(shí)間變長實(shí)際上是工具不夠用的結(jié)果，選擇B更為合理。

33.What is essential in making a modem car tougher to steal?

A)A coded ignition key.B)A unique ID card.C)A special cellphone signal.D)A GPS satellite positioning receiver.(A)

題目問使一輛現(xiàn)代的轎車更難被偷的根本因素是什么。

A，加密點(diǎn)火鑰匙。

B，唯一的身份卡。

C，特殊的手機(jī)信號(hào)。

D，GPS衛(wèi)星定位接收器。

第三段引用Martyn Randall的話指明了當(dāng)代汽車因?yàn)槟撤N技術(shù)裝置而難于被偷的事實(shí)，第四段就是對(duì)這種技術(shù)裝置的詳細(xì)說明。開頭的一句話就是本題所問的問題：Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key，前半句是題目本身：現(xiàn)在的汽車遠(yuǎn)比以前難偷;而后是單詞as，表示“因?yàn)椤倍皇恰爱?dāng)”，as后面就是理由：“引擎控制系統(tǒng)的電腦不允許汽車發(fā)動(dòng)，除非它們接到一個(gè)由點(diǎn)火鑰匙發(fā)出的唯一的身份碼?！?/p>

這里沒有直接提到特殊的手機(jī)信號(hào)和GPS定位系統(tǒng)，這二者是在第二段的介紹中出現(xiàn)的，它們是鎖止器系統(tǒng)中的要素，而本段討論的是鎖止器出現(xiàn)之前就已經(jīng)普遍存在的防盜系統(tǒng)，正是因?yàn)檫@一系統(tǒng)使一些偷車賊轉(zhuǎn)而去偷鑰匙，最終促使鎖止器系統(tǒng)的出現(xiàn)。

而在點(diǎn)火鑰匙與身份卡之間，可以判斷出身份卡是由鑰匙發(fā)出的，有了鑰匙就有了身份卡，身份卡不能獨(dú)立于鑰匙而存在，這樣看的話，鑰匙應(yīng)該是核心因素。應(yīng)該選擇A。

34.Why does the tracking system set a 100-metre minimum before sending an alarm to the operations centre?

A)To leave time for the operations centre to give an alarm.B)To keep police informed of the car’s movements.C)To give the driver time to contact the operations centre.D)To allow for possible errors in the GPS system.(D)

題目問為什么跟蹤系統(tǒng)要設(shè)置一個(gè)100米的最[考試[大]小行駛量，之后才向操作中心發(fā)出警報(bào)。

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可以看到倒數(shù)第二段說明了設(shè)置這個(gè)100米最小行駛量的原因：If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen.The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal。第一句是題干里所述的情況，隨后的一句對(duì)原因進(jìn)行了解釋：一百米的最小量可以防止由GPS不準(zhǔn)確造成的假警報(bào)。

A，給操作中心發(fā)警報(bào)留出時(shí)間。文中沒有提到。不過從邏輯上講，如果跟蹤系統(tǒng)不發(fā)出警報(bào)，控制中心是不會(huì)知道汽車被盜的，也就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)發(fā)出警報(bào)，談不上留出時(shí)間。

B，使警察隨時(shí)獲知汽車的行駛方位。這是全文最后一句提到的內(nèi)容，是在發(fā)出警報(bào)之后的事情了。

C，給駕駛者留出時(shí)間來與操作中心聯(lián)系。汽車被盜后的駕駛者顯然是偷[考試[大]車賊，偷車賊會(huì)和操作中心聯(lián)系什么呢?

D，預(yù)防GPS系統(tǒng)的可能錯(cuò)誤。與前面的分析一致。

35.What will the operations centre do first after receiving an alarm?

A)Start the tracking system.B)Contact the car owner.C)Block the car engine.D)Locate the missing car.(B)

題目問操作中心在接收到警報(bào)后首先要做的是什么。

A，啟動(dòng)跟蹤系統(tǒng)。

B，聯(lián)系車主。

C，鎖定汽車引擎。

D，確定丟失車輛的位置。

倒數(shù)第二段講到車輛被偷后，跟蹤系統(tǒng)會(huì)把被偷的信息發(fā)給操作中心(the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen)，這就是題目所說的操作中心接到了警報(bào)。接下來的一段講的就是操作中心的反應(yīng)：Staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS unit。一共兩點(diǎn)，第一是首先聯(lián)系車主確認(rèn)車輛是否失蹤，然后通過車上的GPS隨時(shí)把車輛的位置告知警方?？梢姷谝徊绞锹?lián)系車主，B是正確的。

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