第一篇：考博和考研的區(qū)別

眾所周知，研究生考試一年一次，由教育部統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃，一般是每年過(guò)年前的一兩周考。一共考4門(mén)課，政治，英語(yǔ)，數(shù)學(xué)，專(zhuān)業(yè)課。基本2天時(shí)間（一般是雙休日）既可完成?？疾┛颇恳话銇?lái)說(shuō)較少，不超過(guò)4門(mén)。通常來(lái)講可以分為秋博和春博。秋博的意思是，秋季入學(xué)的博士，一般是當(dāng)年3－4月考試，9月入學(xué)（今年北航例外，第一年11月考試，第二年9月入學(xué)，本質(zhì)上屬于秋博）。春博一般是第一年10－11月考試，第二年3月入學(xué)。由于目前碩士普遍推行2年制，所以招收春博的單位越來(lái)越少（比如哈工大，東大），現(xiàn)在主要的院校都是招收秋博為主（比如北大，浙大），也有一年招兩次的（同濟(jì)，西工大？不是很確定）?？傊畱?yīng)屆碩士必須在入學(xué)前拿到碩士學(xué)位。各個(gè)學(xué)?？荚嚲唧w時(shí)間也不太相同（但肯定是雙休日），所以理論上，在院校時(shí)間不相同的前提下，你可以同時(shí)選擇多個(gè)院校報(bào)考。一般考試跨度為兩天，具體參見(jiàn)招生簡(jiǎn)章，部分院校為方便外地考生，將初試和復(fù)試時(shí)間安排在一塊兒。

此外，考試地點(diǎn)也不盡相同?？佳械脑?huà)，如果你完全可以在自己戶(hù)口所在地考外省外地區(qū)的院校。這時(shí)，你的初試組織工作由當(dāng)?shù)匮姓修k負(fù)責(zé)。而考博則你必須去該?，F(xiàn)場(chǎng)考試，只有少量院校允許你在特殊原因下在其他地方完成考試。

入學(xué)考試（初試）碩士研究生入學(xué)考試除專(zhuān)業(yè)課之外的三門(mén)公共課采用全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題，命題單位是教育部考試中心。而專(zhuān)業(yè)課由各個(gè)招生單位的各個(gè)院系統(tǒng)一命題。比如計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)碩士點(diǎn)的專(zhuān)業(yè)課是統(tǒng)一的，而不是由導(dǎo)師決定。但有可能該碩士點(diǎn)給你提供幾套專(zhuān)業(yè)課選擇，比如是選擇數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)+C語(yǔ)言，還是計(jì)算機(jī)組成+匯編。這個(gè)由你自己根據(jù)實(shí)際情況做選擇，不受導(dǎo)師影響。

博士考試一般由各個(gè)學(xué)校自主命題（醫(yī)學(xué)博士可能有全國(guó)統(tǒng)考成分）。大致考試科目可以分為三類(lèi)：英語(yǔ)，專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)課，導(dǎo)師指定專(zhuān)業(yè)課。英語(yǔ)一般全校統(tǒng)一，比如同一學(xué)校考計(jì)算機(jī)的英語(yǔ)和考機(jī)械的英語(yǔ)是同一份試卷（當(dāng)然英語(yǔ)系除外）。專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)課一般類(lèi)似考研的專(zhuān)業(yè)課，比如計(jì)算機(jī)軟件與理論博士點(diǎn)可能會(huì)統(tǒng)一命題，該博士點(diǎn)下的導(dǎo)師都是用這套專(zhuān)業(yè)課來(lái)考你。同理，也會(huì)有幾套專(zhuān)業(yè)課組合，但是有些博導(dǎo)會(huì)做限定，報(bào)考該博導(dǎo)的考生只能選擇其中的某套或幾套組合之一來(lái)做。這在報(bào)名的時(shí)候都會(huì)讓你在報(bào)名表上注明考試科目。還有一類(lèi)就是導(dǎo)師指定專(zhuān)業(yè)課，這種情況的話(huà)，每?jī)蓚€(gè)導(dǎo)師之間的考試科目除了英語(yǔ)之外，都不相同。比如A老師會(huì)讓你考英語(yǔ)＋數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)＋C語(yǔ)言組合，B老師會(huì)讓你考英語(yǔ)＋算法＋#作系統(tǒng)組合。

招生數(shù)量:單純從數(shù)量上來(lái)看，碩士招生數(shù)遠(yuǎn)多于博士招生數(shù)（擴(kuò)招也是一個(gè)原因）。不論考研還是考博，招生總量都要由院校上報(bào)教育部，經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)后才能敲定。但是招生的最小單位還是有區(qū)別的。

考研來(lái)說(shuō)，有些計(jì)算機(jī)系完全以一級(jí)學(xué)科為單位招生。也就是考計(jì)算機(jī)的都統(tǒng)一劃線(xiàn)，不分什么系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)碩士點(diǎn)，軟件與理論碩士點(diǎn)，計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用碩士點(diǎn)。而有些院校正好相反，這樣就有可能導(dǎo)致碩士點(diǎn)之間分?jǐn)?shù)線(xiàn)不均的情況。

考博的話(huà)，以導(dǎo)師招生為最基本單位。這個(gè)博導(dǎo)今年招2個(gè)，除掉1個(gè)直博生，那對(duì)外招考的名額就是1個(gè)。有的導(dǎo)師可能多點(diǎn)，比如院士，有3－5個(gè)名額。在你初試都上線(xiàn)的前提下，如果有多人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)則需要差額復(fù)試刷人。而且有的導(dǎo)師可能今年招生，明年不招生，所以報(bào)之前都要打聽(tīng)好了。

復(fù)試與聯(lián)系導(dǎo)師:考研復(fù)試由各個(gè)院系，甚至各個(gè)碩士點(diǎn)自己組織?；緦?dǎo)師不插手，除非他是復(fù)試小組成員，但大部分導(dǎo)師都不是。英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)面試，專(zhuān)業(yè)筆試，專(zhuān)業(yè)面試完之后，把各輪分?jǐn)?shù)和初試成績(jī)最后做一下計(jì)算之后得出的總分就決定你的去留了。

考博來(lái)說(shuō)也有類(lèi)似考研的情況，但有的學(xué)校博導(dǎo)就可以親自面試報(bào)考他的學(xué)生，由他來(lái)決定他的考生的所有復(fù)試成績(jī)。

至于聯(lián)系導(dǎo)師差別就比較大了?？佳锌记奥?lián)系導(dǎo)師基本沒(méi)有多大用處（除非有非一般的關(guān)

系和后門(mén)）。一般導(dǎo)師要求你過(guò)線(xiàn)之后再聯(lián)系他，有些學(xué)校為保證公平，要求學(xué)生在入學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)一年之后再進(jìn)行學(xué)生和導(dǎo)師的雙向選擇，跟本科做畢設(shè)一樣。

但考博來(lái)說(shuō)基本都要求提前聯(lián)系，甚至在招生簡(jiǎn)章出來(lái)之前就該聯(lián)系。不光是為了表明你想讀他的博士，也是為了了解該導(dǎo)師今年是否招生，招幾個(gè)等關(guān)鍵信息。如果不提前打招呼就直接報(bào)考，即便最后上線(xiàn)也很有可能被刷。

錄取準(zhǔn)則:考研最終成績(jī)包括：初試總分＋復(fù)試總分。各個(gè)學(xué)校會(huì)按照各自的計(jì)算公式最終得出總分，然后按照分?jǐn)?shù)從高往低排序，擇優(yōu)錄取。

考博相對(duì)就難說(shuō)了，畢竟現(xiàn)在的博導(dǎo)自主權(quán)很大。前幾年出了個(gè)甘德懷事件，只是冰山一角，真正未曝光的黑幕有多少呢？所以我覺(jué)得考生除了自己把握能把握的部分，比如初試部分。還要盡量考察報(bào)考學(xué)校和導(dǎo)師的公平透明程度。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，越好的學(xué)校公平程度越高，比如CAS，ZJU這些。所以除了保送之外，自己考外校的考生很少有人選擇考和本校同一檔次的，甚至更差的學(xué)校。基本都是人往高處走，也是一部分出于公平的原因。

研究生收費(fèi)已經(jīng)喊了幾年了，去年終于有了動(dòng)靜。15所比較好的學(xué)校，率先進(jìn)行收費(fèi)改革。取消了大部分院校仍在采用的公費(fèi)＋自費(fèi)原則。當(dāng)然這15所學(xué)校各自的政策還是不太相同的。有的通過(guò)學(xué)業(yè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金抵消學(xué)費(fèi)的做法，不出現(xiàn)現(xiàn)金流。也就是只要學(xué)生按規(guī)定，不掛科，不違紀(jì)，基本可以不用自己掏錢(qián)，還有得助學(xué)金等機(jī)會(huì)。有的學(xué)校干脆自擔(dān)學(xué)費(fèi)，省去了一出一進(jìn)（不過(guò)退學(xué)要補(bǔ)足學(xué)費(fèi)的錢(qián)）。所以在報(bào)考的時(shí)候看清楚，自己要考的學(xué)校收費(fèi)政策是如何。

英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方法論－－聽(tīng)力完全攻略

聽(tīng)力可以說(shuō)是我們中國(guó)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的最大障礙.我問(wèn)過(guò)很多順利通過(guò)六級(jí)考試的本科生,聽(tīng)力部分能真正聽(tīng)懂的實(shí)在是寥寥無(wú)幾.很多人都是根據(jù)聽(tīng)懂的只言片語(yǔ),再利用推理,排除一些的考試策略選擇答案的.(國(guó)內(nèi)有些聽(tīng)力教材還提出了只看答案就能選出正確答案的系統(tǒng)“理論”.)這樣做考試是有可能通過(guò)的,但實(shí)際掌握,運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力就只有自己知道了。博士帝國(guó)の博碩資訊lDI)ww6H6q$r$R

在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi),我所選的聽(tīng)力資料將會(huì)是VOA的Special級(jí)別的慢速英語(yǔ).這主要是出于兩個(gè)目的:一是打好基本功;二是從慢速英語(yǔ)入手是科學(xué)的方法,是實(shí)現(xiàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力突破的有效途徑.先說(shuō)第一點(diǎn).關(guān)于聽(tīng)力基本功的認(rèn)識(shí)問(wèn)題我建議大家去買(mǎi)一本鐘道隆編的〈〈逆向法巧學(xué)英語(yǔ)>>一書(shū)仔細(xì)看看,里面很多道理也說(shuō)的很清楚了.我這里只想以我的親身體驗(yàn)“斬釘截鐵”的告訴大家:開(kāi)始“真正”練習(xí)聽(tīng)力的時(shí)候(我這里所提到的“真正”不是指那些考試技巧,而是發(fā)自?xún)?nèi)心的想要掌握,運(yùn)用,享受英語(yǔ)的源動(dòng)力),千萬(wàn)不可操之過(guò)急,一開(kāi)始就去聽(tīng)那些原版的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)速度的聽(tīng)力資料,一方面這樣的方法極不科學(xué);另一方面也會(huì)給自己剛剛培養(yǎng)起來(lái)的自信心帶來(lái)巨大的重創(chuàng).十有八九(也可以說(shuō)是所有的人)都會(huì)很快放棄的.我自己當(dāng)初也是這樣,感覺(jué)簡(jiǎn)直是在聽(tīng)天書(shū),十幾分鐘的錄音下來(lái)能夠把Topic聽(tīng)準(zhǔn)確已經(jīng)是很不錯(cuò)了,當(dāng)中的細(xì)節(jié)部分根本沒(méi)有時(shí)間反應(yīng)就一閃而過(guò)了.這種過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)直就是一種“煎熬”.當(dāng)然也有少數(shù)意志力驚人的朋友堅(jiān)持了下來(lái),但是由于方法的失策,造成自己把大量的時(shí)間精力(有時(shí)可以說(shuō)是青春)投入其中,可是回報(bào)卻難以和付出平衡,收效甚微.說(shuō)到這兒叫我想起以前我們有一位上外的聽(tīng)力老師講的真人真事:一位研究生深知自己聽(tīng)力不過(guò)關(guān),決心發(fā)奮苦讀.于是他每天早上都堅(jiān)持聽(tīng)廣播電臺(tái)里的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ),這樣一聽(tīng)就是五年的時(shí)間.這種苦行僧似的磨煉并沒(méi)有使他的聽(tīng)力水平真正得以提高.后來(lái)我們這位老師在了解了他的情況以后,告訴他之所以到現(xiàn)在他的聽(tīng)力還未真正突破最主要的原因就是他的基礎(chǔ)沒(méi)有打好,總是泛泛而聽(tīng),而且總是聽(tīng)些已經(jīng)有中文背景知識(shí)的廣播,就會(huì)造成一種錯(cuò)覺(jué),好象什么都聽(tīng)懂了,又好象什么也沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂.大意能夠抓住(其實(shí)是有背景知識(shí)的原故),真正精確到每一句話(huà),每一個(gè)單詞卻總是丟三落四的,不能準(zhǔn)確的傳情達(dá)意.這種

沙上建塔的“辛勞”永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)建成堅(jiān)固的大廈,而總是在進(jìn)行建了倒下,倒下了再建的重復(fù)勞動(dòng).再說(shuō)第二點(diǎn).從慢速英語(yǔ)入手是真正科學(xué)的聽(tīng)力突破方法.而且在我自己的實(shí)踐過(guò)程中摸索出一些聽(tīng)力帶動(dòng)口語(yǔ),鍛煉口譯的好方法.下面我想結(jié)合我給大家提供的聽(tīng)力資料具體談一談練習(xí)的方法: 1.我給大家準(zhǔn)備了幾盤(pán)慢速英語(yǔ)的最新新聞聽(tīng)力資料,給出了部分的原文，三盤(pán)磁帶分為三個(gè)層次：短語(yǔ)階段聽(tīng)寫(xiě)、短語(yǔ)與簡(jiǎn)單句子階段、句子階段聽(tīng)寫(xiě)。目的就是希望大家能夠循序漸進(jìn)攻克英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力。但是我更希望大家不要依賴(lài)原文,自己一定要一個(gè)單詞一個(gè)單詞的完全聽(tīng)懂.有的同學(xué)說(shuō)我有那么幾個(gè)單詞實(shí)在聽(tīng)不懂怎么辦?大家想一想,慢速英語(yǔ)的單詞量是1500到2000,也就是說(shuō)一個(gè)比較好的高中生的單詞量已經(jīng)超過(guò)了許多,更何況上大學(xué)的你.聽(tīng)不懂的唯一原因絕對(duì)不是生詞的問(wèn)題,只能是你對(duì)這個(gè)單詞的發(fā)音極其陌生,大腦根本沒(méi)有反映.如果讓你看一看原文,你會(huì)不屑一顧的.但在聽(tīng)的時(shí)候卻不知所云.起初我練習(xí)的時(shí)候有時(shí)為了一個(gè)單詞可以想上正正一天,嘴里老是念道著這個(gè)單詞的發(fā)音.我知道這個(gè)單詞我一定認(rèn)識(shí),直到某一刻恍然大悟:咳!不就是這么簡(jiǎn)單的一個(gè)單詞嘛!這時(shí)我總是猛拍自己的腦袋罵道“真是愚蠢”.:-)當(dāng)然如果有些同學(xué)說(shuō)這段錄音我已經(jīng)聽(tīng)了十遍了,當(dāng)中的幾個(gè)單詞你就是打死我我也聽(tīng)不出來(lái).如果真的到了這個(gè)地步,你可以問(wèn)老師、問(wèn)同學(xué)，都可以解決的。

2.接下來(lái)要做的就是要保證這一段錄音你是完完全全的聽(tīng)懂了.什么是完完全全的聽(tīng)懂了呢?就是每聽(tīng)完一句話(huà),你都能準(zhǔn)確的復(fù)述出來(lái),包括每一個(gè)單詞.這里在語(yǔ)音上不是很好的朋友要注意了,由于是慢速英語(yǔ),所以只要你有正常的聽(tīng)力能力再加上一定的毅力,就完全可以把自己的發(fā)音模仿的和VOA的播音員沒(méi)什么兩樣,正如李陽(yáng)老師所指出的:發(fā)音是一個(gè)人的英語(yǔ)門(mén)面.的確是這樣的!如果你按照這樣的方法用心練習(xí),不出一兩個(gè)月,你的發(fā)音就會(huì)有長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步.其實(shí)我們大多數(shù)中國(guó)人的模仿發(fā)音天賦都是很好的,隨便叫出一名大學(xué)生,他的發(fā)音就要比我所見(jiàn)到的意大利人,日本人,菲律賓人...的發(fā)音不知要好多少倍.其實(shí)我們中國(guó)學(xué)生在口語(yǔ)和聽(tīng)力上缺陷主要有兩個(gè)原因:一是缺乏練習(xí).這也是傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)方法的遺憾.包括我自己,也是這種只注重書(shū)面的“分析英語(yǔ)”的受害者.二是缺乏勇氣.老是害怕自己會(huì)說(shuō)錯(cuò),害怕丟臉.除非你是在國(guó)外長(zhǎng)大,英語(yǔ)就是母語(yǔ),你可以“自豪”的說(shuō):我就是說(shuō)錯(cuò)了那也是對(duì)的,因?yàn)橛⒄Z(yǔ)是我的母語(yǔ).而我們把英語(yǔ)作為第二語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí)是不可能不犯錯(cuò)誤的,多犯錯(cuò)誤是為了少犯錯(cuò)誤.每當(dāng)我缺乏勇氣的時(shí)候,我就會(huì)用“I enjoy losing face!”這句話(huà)來(lái)激勵(lì)自己.噢!還是說(shuō)聽(tīng)力吧.這樣一句一句直到把每一句話(huà)完全“吃掉”,已經(jīng)基本上可以保證你已聽(tīng)懂了這段文章.要達(dá)到什么樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)呢?我對(duì)自己的要求是在落后一兩個(gè)單詞的同步復(fù)述.很多同學(xué)到這里就到此為止了.我卻以為這樣太可惜了.如果說(shuō)上面這一點(diǎn)是練習(xí)了語(yǔ)音的話(huà),下面的兩個(gè)重要工作才是我們利用聽(tīng)力材料練習(xí)口語(yǔ)和口譯的重要.3.現(xiàn)在大家已經(jīng)把這段錄音的意思完全搞懂了,而且能夠惟妙惟肖的基本同步復(fù)述了.請(qǐng)大家注意,直到現(xiàn)在你的大腦還沒(méi)有動(dòng)起來(lái),也就是說(shuō)這些完全是些機(jī)械的模仿,刻板的復(fù)述.這種機(jī)械的重復(fù)對(duì)于我們的口語(yǔ)和開(kāi)口能力是不會(huì)有“事半功倍”的效果的.要想提高自己的口語(yǔ)水平,在這里就一定要學(xué)會(huì)用自己的話(huà),請(qǐng)注意是用自己的話(huà),而不是照本宣章,把所聽(tīng)到錄音的大意死活說(shuō)出來(lái).做這一步是在聽(tīng)完整段錄音之后.此時(shí)所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)才是你真正的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)水平.在練習(xí)中盡量使用剛剛聽(tīng)到的一些關(guān)鍵動(dòng)詞和詞組.在說(shuō)的時(shí)候,想象自己正在對(duì)一個(gè)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)過(guò)錄音的同學(xué)講述故事的情節(jié).我相信很多同學(xué)在剛剛開(kāi)始練習(xí)的時(shí)候會(huì)“憋的”說(shuō)不出幾句象樣的話(huà),或是在大意和情節(jié)上丟三落四的.出現(xiàn)這種情況太正常了.這樣就反映了我們剛剛所做的同步復(fù)述只是一個(gè)辨音過(guò)程.現(xiàn)在所做的自我總結(jié)才真正開(kāi)動(dòng)了我們的大腦,提高了真正的口語(yǔ)水平.4.好了!到了這一步你已經(jīng)很不錯(cuò)了,不僅能夠把這段錄音完全聽(tīng)懂,同步復(fù)述,而且還可以用自己的英語(yǔ)對(duì)你的朋友娓娓道來(lái).是不是感覺(jué)很有成就感啊!但是我還得繼續(xù)更深層次的練

習(xí).對(duì)了,就是口譯能力,我們中國(guó)學(xué)生特有的中英文自由轉(zhuǎn)換能力.還是剛剛那段錄音,這回是放一句英語(yǔ),你就立刻把這句話(huà)翻譯成地道的中文,翻譯成我們平時(shí)所講的中國(guó)話(huà).你可別小看這一步,自己試著去翻翻看,就會(huì)馬上懂得:我們能夠同步的用英語(yǔ)復(fù)述了并不代表我們就可以同步的翻譯成地道的中文.我對(duì)自己的要求也是在落后一句的速度下進(jìn)行同步翻譯,由于是慢速英語(yǔ),所以只要耐心的多練習(xí)幾遍就一定能夠達(dá)到同步聽(tīng)譯的水平.至此,我們不僅已經(jīng)對(duì)這段錄音了如指掌,而且還利用它進(jìn)行了有針對(duì)性的口語(yǔ)和口譯訓(xùn)練.很多同學(xué)老是抱怨沒(méi)有語(yǔ)言環(huán)境,我覺(jué)得語(yǔ)言環(huán)境多數(shù)情況下還得靠自己創(chuàng)造.請(qǐng)大家再次注意,上面我所介紹的聽(tīng)力方法都是針對(duì)慢速英語(yǔ)的,大家不要操之過(guò)急,一步一個(gè)腳印,把十盤(pán)慢速英語(yǔ)的磁帶按照這樣三步認(rèn)真的做下來(lái),你的聽(tīng)力就已經(jīng)打好了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),這時(shí)你再把曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為是天書(shū)的那些聽(tīng)力材料翻出來(lái)試一下,怎么樣?那種感覺(jué)現(xiàn)在的你一定不會(huì)相信的.我當(dāng)時(shí)是高興的連蹦帶跳仰天長(zhǎng)“笑”!只有這個(gè)時(shí)候才能感受到“不經(jīng)歷風(fēng)雨,怎么見(jiàn)彩虹”的真正含義.當(dāng)然你也可以把這種方法推廣到你現(xiàn)在所應(yīng)試的聽(tīng)力教材中去,我自己現(xiàn)在特喜歡用這種方法拿托福的聽(tīng)力對(duì)話(huà)開(kāi)刀,練過(guò)一段時(shí)間后就開(kāi)始“喜歡”上托福的聽(tīng)力考博士專(zhuān)業(yè)課真題了,雖然自己從沒(méi)有參加過(guò)正式的考試,但是做做那些市面上的全真博士專(zhuān)業(yè)課真題感覺(jué)就好象在玩文字游戲,很多題目覺(jué)得答案上寫(xiě)的都是廢話(huà),這是把對(duì)話(huà)完全聽(tīng)懂的必然結(jié)果.

第二篇：最新考博考研英文自我介紹-精品

考博考研英文自我介紹

1.自我介紹(self-introduce)

Good morning.I am glad to be here for this interview.First let me introduce myself.My name is ***, 24.I come from ******,the capital of *******Province.I graduated from the ******* department of *****University in July ,2001.In the past two years I have been prepareing for the postgraduate examination while I have been teaching *****in NO.****middle School and I was a head-teacher of a class in junior grade two.Now all my hard work has got a result since I have a chance to be interview by you.I am open-minded ,quick in thought and very fond of history.In my spare time,I have broad interests like many other youngers.I like reading books, especially those about *******.Frequently I exchange with other people by making comments in the forum on line.In addition ,during my college years,I was once a Net-bar technician.So, I have a comparative good command of network application.I am able to operate the computer well.I am skillful in searching for information in Internet.I am a football fan for years.Italian team is my favorite.Anyway,I feel great pity for our country’s team.I always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on learning.Of course, if I am given a chance to study ****** in this famous University,I will stare no effort to master a good command of advance ******.2.考研原因(reasons for my choice)

There are several reasons.I have been deeply impressed by the academic atmosphere when I came here last summer.In my opinion, as one of the most famous ******in our country, it provide people with enough room to get further enrichment.This is the first reason.The second one is I am long for doing research in ******throughout my life.Its a pleasure to be with my favorite ******for lifetime.I suppose this is the most important factor in my decision.Thirdly, I learnt a lot from my *****job during the past two years.However, I think further study is still urgent for me to realize self-value.Life is precious.It is necessary to seize any chance for self-development, especially in this competitive modern world.In a word, I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here.3.研究生期間你的計(jì)劃(plans in the postgraduate study)

First, I hope I can form systematic view of *****.As for ******, my express wish is to get a complete comprehension of the formation and development as well as **************.If possible, I will go on with my study for doctorate degree.In a word, I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here.4.介紹你的家鄉(xiāng)(about hometown)

I am from , a famous city with a long history over 2,200 years.It is called “Rong Cheng ” because there were lots of banians even 900 years ago.The city lies in the eastern part of the province.It is the center of politics, economy and culture.Many celebrities were born here, for instance, Yanfu, Xie Bingxin, Lin Zexu and so on..You know, there is a saying that “The greatness of a man lends a glory to a place”.I think the city really deserves it.The top three artware are Shoushan Stone, cattle-horn combs and bodiless lacquerware.In addition, it is famous for the hot springs.Theyare known for high-quality.Visitors athome and abroad feel it comfortable bathing here.There is my beloved hometown.5.你的家庭(about family)

There are four members in my family;my parents, my cute cat of 9 years old and me.My father is a technician in the Fujian TV station.He often goes out on business.So most of the housework is done by my industrious mom.Climbing at weekends is our common interest.The fresh air and natural beauty can help us get rid of tiredness.They can strengthen our relation, too.During my prepareing for coming here,my parents’love and support have always been my power.and I hope in future I wil be able to repay them.6.你的大學(xué)(about university)

**********University is the oldest one in the province.It was founded in *******and covers an area of over******* mu.The building area is ************square meters.It develops into a comprehensive university with efforts of generations, especially after the reform and opening up.It takes the lead among the *********universities with nice teaching and scientific research ability.The library has a storage of *******books..various research institutes are set up including 52 research centers.There are teaching research experimental bases.For example, the computer center, analyzing-test center, modern education technical center and so on.pesonel statement(introduction)

good morning,my dear teachers,my dear professors.i am very glad to be here for your interview.my name is song yonghao,i am 22 years old.i come from luoyang,a very beautiful aicent city.my undergratuade period will be accomplished in chang'an university in july ,2004;and now,i am trying my best for obtaining a key to tongji university.generally speaking ,i am a hard working student especially do the thing i am interested in.i will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is.when i was sophomore, i found web design very interesting, so i learned it very hard.to weaver a homepage for myself, i stayed with my pesonel computer for half a month.,and i am the first one in my class who own his homepage.forthermore,i am a person with great perserverence.during the days preparing for the first examination,i insist on running every day, no matter what the weather was like.and just owning to this,i could concentrate on my study and succeeded in the end.well ,in my spare time ,i like basketball, tennis and chinese chess.also english is my favorate.i often go to english corner to practise my oral english on every thursday,and write compositions to improve my witten ability.but i know my english is not good enough ,i will continue studying.ok, that is all,thank you for your attention.my hometown——--luoyang

I am from luoyang,a beautiful city in henan province.it is famous as the “capital of nine dynasties ” and enjoy yhe honer that luoyang peony is the best in the world.luoyang played a very important role in chinese history.so it has a profound cultural background and many great heritagesites have been well reverved.such as longmen grotto, one of the three grottoes in china ang white horse temple, being regarded as the cradle of chnese buddhism.luoyang peony is world-famous.every year, many tourists travel to luoyang to see the beauty of peony.the people in my hometown are friendly, they welcome the travellers from all over the world.i like my hometown very much

(英語(yǔ)版的，別錯(cuò)過(guò)呀)研究生計(jì)劃，你如何打算？獻(xiàn)給正準(zhǔn)備復(fù)試的人

If luckily i got the chance to learn environment engineering in tongji university, i will concentrate on the study and reserch in this field.first i will hard to learn the theoritical knowledge,constucting a solid base for my future work;second i would like to do some practical work with the help of the supervisor ang classmate.and through this ,i can get something that cannot be acquired from the textooks.i believe after 2 years of learning ,my dream will finally come true.Self-introduction:

Good morning, everyone！I am glad to be here for this interview.First, let me introduce myself to you.My name is Qin Jiayin.I was born on April 23, 1981.I am a local person.I am graduating from Jilin Normal University(應(yīng)該是這樣譯)this June.I major in Chinese literature.I hope I could get the opportunity to finish my postgraduate courses in Jilin University which I have desired for a long time.I have the confidence because I have such ability！I am a girl who is fervent, outgoing and creative.At the same time, I think I am quick in mind and careful in everything.I am looking forward to my postgraduate studies and life.I will soon prove that your decision of choosing me is the wisest.Thank you for giving me such a valuable opportunity！

Reasons for taking postgraduate exams:

First of all, I love my major.Chinese literature is the symbol of the start of Chinese literary modernization.It plays an important part in modernization of our citizens’ thoughts.What’s more, modern literature is very close to our daily life and it can deeply reflect the styles and features of our society.I am fascinated by the great masters’ refreshing or warm or profound styles as well.But I am not easily satisfied with such superficial knowledge.I hope I could have a better understanding in modern literature by studying further.This is a very important reason for me to take the postgraduate exams.Next, I love the feeling in the university.It is full of youthful spirit.And I am deeply attracted by the scholarly atmosphere.And the most important, it’s my great honor to open my ears to your teaching.Finally, I want to talk about a very practical problem.That is my dream of becoming a teacher in the university.I want to realize my dream and make myself to be a well-qualified person.I think the postgraduate studies can enrich my knowledge and make me competent in my future job.That’s my simple and clear reasons why I took the postgraduate exams.`

My university: I’m graduating form Jilin Normal University this June which has a history of 50 years.It shares many same characteristics with Jilin University.Both of them have a refreshing and scholarly atmosphere.Four years’ studying there made me an independent, optimistic and strict girl.I appreciate the education my university gave me.Thank you for your time！

Good afternoon, teachers.I am very glad to be here for this interview.First let me introduce myself.My name is abc, 25 years old.I come from Weifang, a beautiful city of Shandong Province.I graduated from Commercial College in July, 2001 and major in finance.Then, I was a teacher in abc, When I was a senior school student, I am interested in thought and began to read a certain classic work of Marxism, especially I finished reading “the florilegium of Mao ZeDong”.From then on, I have dabbled in more and more theoretical works and accumulated great interests in theory study, especially in Marxism.I have a dream, a dream of my study.I wish devote my whole life and energy into the development of the Marxism.If I have the opportunity to study in abc University, I’ll dabble in as much as document about the specialty as possible.If it is possible, I want to get the primary accomplishment in my major, at least, a stable basis.Personally, for today’s China, the first task to the development of Marxism is a process of construction.That’s to say, we should understand Marxism mostly from the aspect of construction and development of social society.Only when our socialistic country has a more rapid and balance development than the capitalistic, we can enhance the attractiveness and persuasion of Marxism eventually.我的自我介紹（我是在職的,希望對(duì)大家有點(diǎn)幫助）：

The next year, I was transferred into the Principal Customer Department, responsible for the Developing and strengthening a good relationship between the principal customers and my company.Two major customers, Henan Provincipal Department of Transportation and Henan Provincial Department of Personnel, are under my work.However,with time going on ,the more I experienced, the clearer I realized that I'm really interested in the Enterprise Management.I find many enterprises have the problem of an unmatched management to its developing speed.I'm eager to learn more about management and I hope I can study further in this University.So I resigned in August , 2003 and started the way to pursuing my studies.After about half year's hard work, I'm finally standing before you honorable professors now.I'm really excited.Though I've sacrificed much on my way to pusuing studies, I believe it's worthwhile.I believe working hard will finally be repaied.Thank you！

第三篇：萬(wàn)能考研、考博英語(yǔ)作文(原創(chuàng))

萬(wàn)能作文模板

一、正反觀點(diǎn)模板

As is known to all----is one of the key words of our time．It has already become the focus of million upon million of people’s attention and reserch.It has also become the media spotlight.Recently I have read a newspaper article dealing with-----.However,There is much controversy over this question.Opinions vary from one person to another.Some people take a positive attitude towards this topic ,They are of---.in the first place---,in the second place---,last but not least-----On the contrary,Other people take a negative attitude towards to this opinion.They argue that---.Fiastly----,secondly----,lastly----.On the basis of the above analysis.It can be concluds that it is a double-sword.It has advantages as well as disadvantages.its drawbacks should not be neglected.What really content is to select the essence and discard the dross.二、社會(huì)存在問(wèn)題模板

Nowadays,with the great improvement of the people’s living standards, an ever increasing number of people are show their concern over the issue of---in china.It has already become the focus of million upon million of people’s attention and reserch.It has also become the media spotlight.It really affects people s life seriously.Why is---more and more serious in china? As far as i am concerned.There are many reasons what can account for this phenomenon.but the main three are as follows.The first place---.The second place---,last but not least---.As has been mentioned above,---has a great impact on the word today.In my opinion,a conclusion can be drawn that some effective steps should be taken in no time.For example,The governments at all levels should lay down laws and regulation to ensure-----;in addition, all of us should form the consciousness of---.we only hope that some day there can be a solution to this problem.三、萬(wàn)能開(kāi)頭

Nowadays,---has become a hot topic.Articles realative to this topic have sprung up like brushrooms.We can ealily read such articles in nespaper magazines and on the internet.As i am a---worker.I am especpially concern with this topic.A few years ago my research paper entitled the importance and necessary of----was published in a influential journal the summery of that paper is as follows.

第四篇：考研英語(yǔ)一二區(qū)別

英語(yǔ)二與英語(yǔ)一有什么區(qū)別？

2010年考研多了一套全國(guó)聯(lián)考的英語(yǔ)試卷—“英語(yǔ)二”，它和英語(yǔ)一有什么區(qū)別？

答：英語(yǔ)

（二）是一套新出現(xiàn)的考研英語(yǔ)試卷，它和以前的考研英語(yǔ)試卷（現(xiàn)在改稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)

（一））一樣，由教育部考試中心組織命題，并在考研統(tǒng)考中使用。英語(yǔ)

（二）所考查的題型和英語(yǔ)

（一）高度近似。

首先是稱(chēng)之為“英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用”的部分，其實(shí)就是我們所熟悉的完形填空，共20題，10分。

第二部分是閱讀理解，分成兩種題型，第一種是我們常見(jiàn)的一篇文章，后面五道選擇題，共四篇文章，20題，總分40分；另一種對(duì)應(yīng)英語(yǔ)

（一）中的“新題型”部分，有10分，大綱給出了三種題型，最簡(jiǎn)單的一種是看完一篇文章后判斷后面五個(gè)題的正誤，難度居中的是看完一篇文章后，有五個(gè)不完整的句子，后面有七個(gè)詞組，從這七個(gè)中選五個(gè)去補(bǔ)全前面的五個(gè)句子。這種題型像英語(yǔ)

（一）中“七選五”的簡(jiǎn)化版。最難的要數(shù)標(biāo)題搭配了：一篇文章，有五個(gè)段落標(biāo)出來(lái)，另外給出七個(gè)標(biāo)題，讓你找出五個(gè)和段落相匹配的。試卷的第三部分是翻譯，有15分，和英語(yǔ)

（一）不一樣的是，它是全文翻譯，不是就給你劃五個(gè)難句。最后一塊就是寫(xiě)作了，這個(gè)也和英語(yǔ)

（一）一樣，分大作文和小作文。小作文考書(shū)信或摘要，大作文考圖表或圖畫(huà)。

①學(xué)術(shù)型研究生一定是考英語(yǔ)一，部分專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)位研究生是考英語(yǔ)二，因此要看招生簡(jiǎn)章確定

②英語(yǔ)一和英語(yǔ)二對(duì)詞匯量的要求一樣，但英語(yǔ)二在詞匯的要求上略低

③英語(yǔ)一是翻譯五個(gè)難句，而英語(yǔ)二翻譯部分是全文翻譯，但相對(duì)而言，英語(yǔ)二的翻譯更淺

④英語(yǔ)一和英語(yǔ)二小作文要求一樣，而英語(yǔ)二大作文更容易一些。

總體上看，英語(yǔ)二比英語(yǔ)一簡(jiǎn)單，但是題量和英語(yǔ)一是一樣的，因此要養(yǎng)成在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)，做完規(guī)定題目的習(xí)慣，加快做題速度，特別是翻譯和大小作文的速度。

第五篇：考博英語(yǔ)詞匯

考博英語(yǔ)詞匯（1）

第一部分 詞匯記憶策略 1．全腦活化

人類(lèi)左右腦分析比較：

左腦：意識(shí)、低速、一般閱讀、知識(shí)、知覺(jué)、知性、邏輯

右腦：無(wú)意識(shí)、超高速、速讀、創(chuàng)造力、視覺(jué)、聽(tīng)覺(jué)、觸覺(jué)、嗅覺(jué)、味覺(jué)、圖像、色彩、直覺(jué)

右腦具備左腦沒(méi)有的特殊機(jī)能： 1． 超高速大量記憶機(jī)制 2． 圖像化機(jī)能 3． 超高速演算機(jī)能 4． 共振共鳴機(jī)能 2．舉例說(shuō)明：

***0***2131425 3．詞匯記憶策略：聯(lián)想法、串聯(lián)法、構(gòu)詞法、近義詞、近形詞、易混淆詞、加減詞、固定搭配

? euthanasia, chrysanthemum ? flower----rose, lily, tulip, peony, carnation, camellia, azalea, narcissus, chrysanthemum, forget-me-not, poinsettia, …

? receive---deceive---conceive(-ceive= take;con-= 共同)? tumble---stumble（tumble…into/through 跌倒；stumble…over / on 腳下拌到東西而跌倒）

? stationary---stationery（文具，如筆pen,鉛筆pencil中含有“e”, 故見(jiàn)到“e”就想起是文具。）

? genius---genuine(含有us的是天才，因?yàn)槲覀兪翘觳虐?！另一個(gè)就是“真正的”), ? form---deform確（形狀；變形）? attach to

第二部分 實(shí)例練習(xí)1．聯(lián)想法

carnation, narcissus, coroner, chandelier, hippocampus, assassinate, antarctic, armour，abalone, flounder, cult, beau 2．串聯(lián)法 network: Internet---cyberspace---email---e-commerce---website---on-line---homepage---browse---retrieve---log on… 3．構(gòu)詞法

-age（狀態(tài)、特性、行為）

page/rage, advantage/disadvantage, message/massage, courage/encourage, voltage/mileage, village/cottage, luggage/carriage, garage coverage, cabbage, shortage, leakage, breakage, passage, postage, bondage（bond 結(jié)束、約束、債券；bondage就含有“束縛、奴役”的意思）, damage, garbage（garb 衣服）, manage ,spillage, usage, storage, savage, sausage(sauce), dosage language, image, heritage, engage-ward inward, outward, forward, backward, toward, upward, downward, seaward, skyward,---coward, reward, award，a-(構(gòu)成作表語(yǔ)用的形容詞；構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞。。)apart, aloud, around, away, afar, aboard, across alike, acute, alive, asleep, aware amaze, amend, amuse, arise, ascribe, avail, await, awake, award, abound, abridge, amount affirm, acclaim, accompany, account, arrange, array, arrest, arrow 4．近義詞

Merchants 煤商

Dealers 買(mǎi)進(jìn)賣(mài)出商人 Businessmen（廣義）商人 Tradesmen（英）店主

Scene 特別的景象，如泰山的日出

Scenery一國(guó)一地的自然風(fēng)光

Views特別的景象

Nature 強(qiáng)調(diào)大自然的感召力，不著重具體的自然景象

Urgent 緊急

Hasty 草率

Instant 立刻

Prompt 快速；及時(shí)

Contend 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；斗爭(zhēng) Compete比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Struggle斗爭(zhēng)

Conflict 斗爭(zhēng)

Hinder Preclude Detain Retard Hamper Protract Postpone Cancel Delay Adjourn

Blame for Condemn for Accuse of Criticize for Announce Publish Advertise Inform

Substitute Selection Preference Alternative

Fraud Deceive Cheat Dupe

Decline Deny Reject Refuse

Reliable Confident Faithful Dependent

Income Wages Salary Pay Buyers Shoppers Customers Clients Particular Peculiar Special Unusual

Preliminary Primary Elementary Fundamental

Perplex Puzzle Confuse

Fatigued Tired Exhausted Bored

Thieves Burglars Robbers Bandits

Synthetic False Imitation Counterfeit Artificial

Mortal Fatal Deadly

Imaginative Imaginable Imagined Imaginary

Reproach Scold Compliment Reprimand

Empty Blank Vacant Bare ．近形詞 fiction fraction friction function

tumble stumble scramble humble tremble resume consume assume presume

resumption consumption assumption presumption bore core pore sore

simplify modify verify rectify

justify testify rectify verify

transcription subscription prescription description

attribute contribute distribute tribute

attitude altitude aptitude

descriptive prescriptive

interference interruption intervention interaction

transaction transmission transformation transition

contact intact

possibility validity reliability security

conceivable perceivable arise rise raise arouse

respectful respectable respected respective

detain attain retain certain contain

room doom boom loom

intense intentional intensive intending intended

assure ensure insure reassure

sometimes some time sometime some times

hatch catch patch match bare rare care dare fare hare

banish vanish diminish admonish

durability flexibility versatility 5 hostility fold include

gold cooperate hold form coordinate mold deform correlate sold inform correspond told transform

conform observe migrant

reserve immigrant contempt conserve immigrate attempt preserve immigration prompt deserve emigrant

emigrate except prior emigration accept superior concept inferior edge percept senior hedge

junior wedge receive

pledge deceive sparrow

conceive swallow deduce perceive hollow reduce

sorrow produce achieve narrow induce believe pillow seduce grieve

relieve bold preclude

cold exclude 自測(cè)題：

1.不看講義，試一試你的記憶力。利用聯(lián)想法，你能記住多少剛才所學(xué)的詞：1．____________________ 2.__________________ 3._________________ 4._____________________ 5.__________________ 6._________________ 7._____________________ 8.__________________ 9._________________ 10.____________________ 11._________________ 12.________________ 2.列出以下單詞的近義詞： 1.income 2.mortal 3.urgent 4.synthetic 5.deceive 6.retard 7.empty 8.confuse

9.buyer 10.contend

3.列出以下單詞的近形詞：

1.tumble 2.description 3.justify 4.attain 5.attribute 6.prior

漢英對(duì)照近義詞

Merchants

煤商 Dealers

買(mǎi)進(jìn)賣(mài)出商人 Businessmen（廣義）商人 Tradesmen

（英）店主

Scene

特別的景象，如泰山的日出 Scenery 一國(guó)一地的自然風(fēng)光 Views 特別的景象 Nature 強(qiáng)調(diào)大自然的感召力，不著重具體的自然景象

Urgent 緊急 Hasty

草率 Instant 立刻 Prompt 快速；及時(shí)

Contend 搏斗；爭(zhēng)奪(compete against sb.in order to gain sth.)

Compete 比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)(try to be more successful than another person or organization in business)compete with sb.for sth./ compete for office（爭(zhēng)奪公職）/ against Struggle 斗爭(zhēng)(try hard to achieve sth.)struggle against difficulties/ struggle for freedom Conflict

斗爭(zhēng)（兩種觀點(diǎn)、信仰不能同時(shí)存在，不能都正確。）a conflict of opinion（分歧）;The two accounts of what had happened conflicted with each other.（關(guān)于發(fā)生的事情，兩個(gè)報(bào)道截然不同。）

Hinder: make it difficult for sb.to do sth.Or for sth.to develop High invest rates will hinder economic growth.Preclude:(formal)prevent sth.or make sth.impossible Age alone will not preclude him from standing as a candidate.Detain:(officially)prevent sb.from leaving some place（拘留；扣押）

Delay sb.who wants to leave, by talking to them, asking them to do sth.（耽擱；留?。〩e was detained by a flat tire on his way home.The police detained the man to make further inquiries.Retard:(formal)to delay the development of sth.or to make sth.happen more slowly than expected.（妨礙；推遲）

Cold weather retards the growth of many plants.Bad roads retard the car（失修的公路阻滯了車(chē)速。）

Hamper: restrict sb.movement, activities, achievements by causing difficulties for them.Women's progress in the workplace is still hampered by male's attitudes.Hamper sb.from getting elected.Protract: last a long time, esp.longer than usual Protracted negotiations 曠日持久的談判

Protract one's stay for some weeks 多呆了幾個(gè)星期 Postpone: change an event, action to a later time or date Gail and Lisa have decided to postpone having a family for a while.The match had to be postponed.Cancel: arrange that a planned activity or event will not now happen.The football game had been cancelled due to rain.Delay: wait until a later time to do sth.Don't delay claiming or you may lose benefit.Adjourn: finish or stop for a short time The chairman has the power to adjourn the meeting at any time.Blame for

把……歸于 Condemn for 譴責(zé) Accuse sb.of sth.指責(zé) Criticize for

批判

Announce

宣布；通知 Publish

發(fā)表；出版 Advertise

為……做廣告 Inform

告知(inform sb.of sth.)

Substitute: sth.new or different that you use instead of sth.else that you used previously.替代品；替補(bǔ)

Substitute teacher 代課教師

Selection: the careful choice of a particular person or thing from among a group of similar people or things.Preference: if you like a preference for sth.you like it more than another thing.Alternative: sth.that you can choose to do or use instead of sth.else

Fraud: a method of illegally getting money from sb., often by using clever and complicated methods.Deceive: make sb.believe sth.that is not true in order to get what you want.Cheat: behave in a dishonest way in order to win or to get an advantage, esp.in competitive, game, exams.Dupe: trick or deceive sb.哄騙；詐騙

Consumers are being duped into buying faulty electronic goods.Decline: refuse to do sth.（比較婉轉(zhuǎn)，禮貌拒絕邀請(qǐng)）

Deny: She denied working for the enemy = She said she was not working for the enemy(NOT: She refused to work for the enemy.)Reject:拒絕申請(qǐng)，觀點(diǎn)，計(jì)劃 Refuse: 拒絕邀請(qǐng)

Turn down 拒絕（口語(yǔ)）

Reliable 可靠的；可信賴(lài)的（側(cè)重于始終如一。）Confident 有信心的 Faithful 忠實(shí)的；可靠的（側(cè)重于“忠于……”a reliable person, a faithful fighter

Dependent 從屬的；依靠的Income 總收入 Wages 按周或日付酬 Salary 月薪；年薪 Pay 工資

Buyers 買(mǎi)主

Shoppers 家庭中外出購(gòu)物的人 Customers 顧客 Clients 委托人

Particular: special enough to mention separately Peculiar: strange, unfamiliar, and a little surprising, esp.in a way that is unpleasant or worrying.Taste peculiar Special: not ordinary but different in some way and often better or more important.a special diet unusual: different from what is usual special---specially or especially specially: used when you do sth.that is different from what you usually do for a particular purpose(with a passive form of a verb: a specially made)especially: to emphasize sth.is more worth mentioning or more important than the other things,(…, especially when…)Preliminary 初步的；開(kāi)始的（強(qiáng)調(diào)開(kāi)始之前有準(zhǔn)備工作）Primary 最初的；→主要的；基本的；→沒(méi)有預(yù)備 Elementary 初步的；簡(jiǎn)單的 Fundamental 基礎(chǔ)的

Perplex（常用被動(dòng)）困惑；茫然；費(fèi)解

Make you feel worried and confused because it is difficult to understand.e.g.I was somewhat perplexed by his response.Puzzle: confuse sb.or make them feel slightly anxious because they do not understand sth.e.g.What puzzles me is how the burglar got into the house without setting off the alarm.Confuse（常用被動(dòng)）

Make sb.feel that they cannot think clearly or do not understand.e.g.Don't give me so much information.---you are confusing me.I was confused.Fatigued: very tired.e.g.fatigued after her long journey, Bill fell into a deep sleep.Tired: feeling that you want tosleep or rest.Exhausted: extremely tired and having no energy.Bored: tired and impatient because you do not think sth.is interesting, or because you have nothing to do.e.g.Children easily get bored.Thieves 小偷；竊賊 Burglars 潛入室內(nèi)的盜賊 Robbers 強(qiáng)盜；賊

Bandits 土匪；強(qiáng)盜（常出沒(méi)在山區(qū)、森林）

Synthetic 合成的 False 假的；人造的（強(qiáng)調(diào)替代品，與原物不一樣，如假牙，人造瓚石）Imitation 仿造的(Beware of imitation 謹(jǐn)防假冒)Counterfeit 比Imitation 更貶義

Artificial 人造的（強(qiáng)調(diào)生產(chǎn)方式，如：人工降雨）

Mortal : causing death or likely to cause death e.g.mortal injures / blow / combat Fatal: resulting in sb's death e.g.fatal accident / illness / injures Deadly : like dead in appearance e.g.His face has a deadly paleness

likely to cause death e.g.deadly person lethal: causing death, or having the power to cause death e.g.a lethal dose of a drug

Imaginative: new and interesting idea used in a clever way;good at thingking of new, interesting ideas and at forming pictures in one's mind

e.g.imaginative writer;imaginative child Imaginable: emphasize that sth.is the best, worst example of sth.that it is possible to imagine All, every, only Imagined: forming a picture or idea in your mind about what sth.could be like.Imaginary: not really, but produced from pictures or ideas in your mind.e.g.all the characters in this book are imaginary.Reproach: ~sb.for /with sth.~ for doing sth.blame or criticize someone in a way that shows you are disappointed, but not angry e.g.Jake reproached her bitterly for abandoning him.Scold: angrily criticize someone, esp.a child, about sth.that have done.Compliment: ~ sb.on sth.Say sth.nice to sb.in order to praise him Reprimand: ~ sb.for sth.tell sb.officially that sth.they have done is very wrong.Rebuke: speak to sb.severely, about sth.they have done wrong.[ ~ sb.for V-ing] Chide:(literary)to speak angrily to sb.because you do not approve of sth.they have done.Compliment Complement : show up the good qualities in sb.or sth.or make them seem more attractive.Empty: having nothing inside;not having people inside;not being used e.g.an empty table in the corner [ empty nest: the situation that parents are in when all their children have left home] Blank: without any writing, print, or recorded sound;showing no understanding;e.g.go blank: suddenly unable to remember sth.for TV;stop showing any images Vacant: vacant seat, room → empty and available for sb.to use Vacant job, position → empty and available for sb.to start with Bare: empty, not covered by anything or not having any decoration;not covered by clothes, by trees or grass Deceived 欺騙 Deserted 遺棄 Desperated 絕望 Disappointed 失望

近形詞

fiction 小說(shuō) fraction 一部分 friction 摩擦

function 功能；職責(zé)

tumble 跌倒 stumble 拌倒

scramble 攀登；爭(zhēng)奪 humble 謙虛；羞辱 tremble 顫抖；擔(dān)心

resume 中斷后重新開(kāi)始 consume 消耗

assume 假定；假設(shè)；采用(think that sth.is true although you have no proof of it.E.g.~ responsibilities / power: start to do a job esp.an important one)

presume 推測(cè)；冒昧(think you can be sure of sth.because it is likely, although there is no proof.E.g.~ sb./ sth.to be sth./ be ~ed to do sth./ ~ to do sth.resumption 恢復(fù) consumption 消費(fèi) assumption 假定；臆斷；傲慢(the assumption of responsibilities: the act of starting to have control or power)(His air of assumption made him disliked.)presumption 傲慢；推測(cè)；假定(disrespectful or impolite behavior that shows you are too confident)

bore

V.鉆孔

n.孔 core

v.使厭煩 n.令人討厭的事 pore

v.注視 n.毛孔

a.多孔的 sore

a.疼痛的n.痛處；潰瘍

simplify 簡(jiǎn)化 modify 更改

對(duì)某物作稍微修改使其完善 verify 證實(shí)

rectify 糾正；把不滿(mǎn)意的狀況變成合乎人們所期待的狀況

justify 證明……是有道理的 testify 證明

rectify 糾正；把不滿(mǎn)意的狀況變成合乎人們所期待的狀況 verify 證實(shí) transcription: 抄寫(xiě)；翻譯；副本 subscription：

捐贈(zèng)；訂閱；認(rèn)購(gòu)； prescription 藥方；指令 description： 描述；描繪

attribute

把……歸因于（to）contribute 捐贈(zèng)；投稿

contribute… to 有助于 distribute 分發(fā)；分配 tribute

貢品；勒索的錢(qián)財(cái)；頌詞

attitude 態(tài)度 altitude 高度 aptitude 天資；傾向 latitude 緯度 multitude 人群（a multitude of …許多）

descriptive 說(shuō)明的 prescriptive 規(guī)范的；約定俗成的

interference 干預(yù)（強(qiáng)調(diào)妨礙）interruption 打斷 intervention 介于；在中間起作用 interaction 相互作用

transaction 辦理；交易；學(xué)報(bào)；相反作用 transmission 傳送；傳播；發(fā)送 transformation 轉(zhuǎn)換；改革 transition 變遷；過(guò)渡時(shí)期

contact 接觸；交往；有影響的熟人（tact 圓滑，乖巧，外交手腕）intact

完整無(wú)缺的

possibility 可能性 validity 有效性；正確性 reliability 可靠性 security 保障；安全感

conceivable 可想象的；可相信的 able to be belileved or imagined.E.g.every conceivable means perceivable 可感知的；可認(rèn)識(shí)的

arise: begin to happen(problem, difficulty)e.g.arise from= caused by rise: increase, go upwards, rise, become successful raise: e.g.raise a question;waise your voice arouse: make you become interesting, expect sth.;make sb.angry, afraid;wake sb.When things and prices move upwards on their own, they rise.People or government raise / increase the price.E.g.The government is raising the tax.Respectful 尊重別人的；有禮貌的 Respectable 值得人們尊重的；正派的 Respected 受到人們尊重的 Respective 各自的；各個(gè)的

detain:(officially)prevent sb.from leaving some place（拘留；扣押）

Delay sb.who wants to leave, by talking to them, asking them to do sth.（耽擱；留住）

Attain: succeed in reaching a particular level or in getting sth.after trying for a long time.Retain: keep sb.or continue to have sth.e.g.retain a sense of dignity Certain: 一定 Contain: 容納

Room

房間 Doom 厄運(yùn)；毀滅；定罪 Boom 高潮，迅速發(fā)展 Loom 織布機(jī)

Intense 強(qiáng)烈的

Intentional 有意的；故意的 Intensive 精細(xì)的；強(qiáng)化的 Intending 打算；意欲 intended

assure : tell sb.that sth.with definitely happen.e.g.~sb.that …

be ~ed of: feel certain that sth.will happen ensure: make sure that it does happen(AmE.Insure)e.g.Please ensure that the lights are switched off before leaving the building.Assure can be used in this meaning, but it mainly used in : success, safety.E.g.The band's latest release has assured their success in the rock world.insure: against sth.bad happening to it by paying money to an insurance company.reassure: tell sb.that there is nothing to worry about.e.g.The doctor reassured me that there would be no pain.sometimes 有時(shí) some time 一些時(shí)間 sometime 曾經(jīng)；有朝一日 some times 幾次

hatch 孵化 catch 捉 patch 縫補(bǔ) match 匹配

bare 赤裸裸的；沒(méi)有陳設(shè)的（揭露）rare 稀薄的；稀少的；煎的 care 小心；關(guān)心 dare 敢于 fare 車(chē)船費(fèi)；乘客；伙食 hare 野兔

banish 禁止出入；驅(qū)逐出境；清除；消除（疾?。﹙anish 突然不見(jiàn)； 逐漸消失 diminish 減少；貶低

admonish 警告；告誡；忠告

durability 耐用性 flexibility 變通性；靈活性 versatility 多才多藝；多功能 hostility 敵意；敵視

co-col-com-con-cor-with(共同)cooperate 合作 coordinate 協(xié)調(diào) correlate 相關(guān) correspond 相符合

collaborate 協(xié)作（與cooperate 同，但多用于科學(xué)和藝術(shù)）

observe 觀察

reserve 保留座位 conserve 保護(hù)；節(jié)省 preserve 保留 deserve 值得

prior 首先的 superior 優(yōu)先的

inferior 次要的 senior 高級(jí)的 junior 初級(jí)的 exterior 外部的 interior 內(nèi)部的

sparrow 麻雀 swallow 燕子 hollow 空的 sorrow 悲傷 narrow 窄的 pillow 枕頭 arrow 箭

bold 勇敢的 cold 冷的 fold 折疊；褶 gold 金 hold 握 mold 模式 sold 賣(mài)出 told 告訴

migrant

移居者 immigrant 入境移民 immigrate 作為移民定居 immigration 移居；（總稱(chēng)）外來(lái)移民emigrant

出境移民 emigrate

移居外國(guó) emigration 遷移出境；（總稱(chēng)）移民edge 邊沿

hedge 矮樹(shù)籬笆；障礙物

wedge

鍥子；鍥形物；事情的起因 pledge 誓言；典押；保人

deduce 推斷；演繹 reduce 減少 produce 生產(chǎn)

induce 引誘；引起；導(dǎo)致；歸納 seduce 唆使；引入歧途

preclude 排除；杜絕；阻止 exclude 除外

include 包括

form 形式 deform 變形 inform 通知 transform 轉(zhuǎn)變 conform 一致

contempt 輕視 attempt 企圖 prompt 促使；推動(dòng)；激起

敏捷的

except 除…… accept 接受 concept 概念 percept 感知；認(rèn)知

receive 收到 deceive 欺騙 conceive 含有 perceive 知覺(jué)；意識(shí)到；把……看作……

(perceive … as … / take … as … / regard … as … / see … as …)achieve 獲得 believe 相信

grieve 悲痛 relieve 放松

lilac n.淺紫色

antique violet n.古紫色 pansy n.紫羅蘭色 white n.白色

off-white n.灰白色 ivory n.象牙色

snowy white n.雪白色 oyster white n.乳白色 gray n.灰色

charcoal gray n.炭灰色 smoky gray n.煙灰色 misty gray n.霧灰色